{"collection":"aus","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/browse/aus/ntca/ntca25.htm","path":"aus/ntca/ntca25.htm","source_url":"https://sacred-texts.com/aus/ntca/ntca25.htm","text":"The Native Tribes of North Central Australia, by Baldwin Spencer and F. J. Gillen [1899]\nAbmoara\u2014Term applied to express the mutual relationship existing between a young man and the old man under whose charge he has been placed during the Engwura ceremony. The same word is used in certain parts of the Arunta tribe as the name of a favourite drink made by steeping Hakea flowers in water.\nAchilpa\u2014Native name of the so-called wild cat (Dasyurus geoffroyi) which gives its name to an important totem.\nAkakia\u2014A plant of the genus Santalum, locally known as a plum tree; it gives its name to a totem.\nAkurlaitcha\u2014A necklace made of the umbilical cord and worn as a charm round the child's neck.\nAkurna\u2014Bad.\nAlailinga\u2014Name given to dark clouds with a light edging, a resemblance to which is supposed to be produced by the knocking out of a front tooth.\nAlatunja\u2014The head man of a local totemic group.\nAlcheringa\u2014Name given to the far past times in which the mythical ancestors of the tribe are supposed to have lived.\nAldorla\u2014West.\nAldorla ilunga\u2014The west country.\nAlkira\u2014The sky.\nAlkirakiwuma\u2014The first initiation rite, that of throwing the boy up.\nAlkna\u2014The eye.\nAlkna-buma\u2014Term applied to a child born with its eyes open.\nAlkna-bunga\u2014Term applied to a child born with its eyes closed.\nAlknalinta\u2014Name of a special rock in the Emily Gap where in the mythical past times the leader of the witchetty grub totem stood whilst he pulverised the grubs on which he fed. The word means the decorated eyes.\nAlknalarinika\u2014The men who look on while a man is killed by an avenging party. The word means the onlookers.\nAlla\u2014The nose.\nAllallumba\u2014Name given in the southern Arunta to the youth who has just been circumcised.\nAllinga\u2014The sun.\nAllira\u2014Name applied by a man to his own or his brothers' (blood and tribal) children, and by a woman to her brothers' children.\nAlpara\u2014A small trough of wood used by the women for carrying food in.\nAlpirtika\u2014Name given to certain birds which are supposed to be the mates of the honey-ant people.\nAlpita\u2014Tail tips of the rabbit bandicoot (Peragale lagotis), much used as ornaments.\nAltherta\u2014The ordinary dancing corrobborree which may be witnessed and taken part in by women as well as men.\nAlua uparilima\u2014A ceremony performed after blood has been shed in the presence of women; the term means the blood fading away.\nAmba-keli-irima\u2014Term applied to the showing the Waninga to the novice during the circumcision ceremony; it means the child sees and knows.\nAmbaquerka\u2014A young child male or female.\nAmbilyerikirra\u2014A sacred object used during a ceremony of the frog totem.\nAmera\u2014A spear-thrower.\nAmpurtanurra\u2014A long series of sacred ceremonies associated with the wild cat totem.\nAmunga\u2014A fly.\nAmunga-quinia-quinia\u2014A small fly-eating lizard.\nAnaintalilima\u2014A ceremony during which the body of a man is rubbed with red ochre by an elder man, thus allowing the former to come into the presence of the latter which before this he was not allowed to do.\nAnainthalilima\u2014Ceremony of cutting off locks of hair of the newly initiated man by his elder sisters.\nAnchinya\u2014Grey-haired.\nAnkura\u2014Curved adze with flint attached at each end.\nAnthinna\u2014The opossum (Trichosurus vulpecula).\nAntikera\u2014South-west.\nApera\u2014A tree.\nAperla\u2014Grandmother or grandchild on the male side.\nAperta\u2014A stone.\nAperta atnumbira\u2014A stone which arose to mark the spot at which men who were suffering from the disease called Erkincha died.\nApirka\u2014Powdered charcoal.\nApmara\u2014A small wooden through carried by the Alatunja during the performance of the Intichiuma ceremony of the witchetty grub totem.\nApulla\u2014The ground on which the ceremony of circumcision is performed.\nAppungerta\u2014Name of one of the sub-classes amongst the northern Arunta and the Ilpirra tribe.\nApunga\u2014A knitted string bag.\nArachitta\u2014Name given to poles decorated with leafy twigs and used during the circumcision ceremony.\nArakurta\u2014Status term applied to a young man between the times of the ceremonies of circumcision and sub-incision.\nArakutja\u2014A fully grown woman.\nAralkililima or Aralkalilima\u2014The term applied to ceremonies the object of which is to remove a restriction of some nature. In one of these the widow of a dead man hands food to the relatives of the dead man, after which she may come into their presence; in others the mouth of a man is touched with some sacred object used during the performance of a ceremony whereby the ban of silence existing between him and the performer of the ceremony is removed.\nAramurilia\u2014The chaplet of bones worn by certain women during the final mourning ceremony; this term is used by women, the men cal the same object Chimurilia.\nAriltha or Ariltha-kuma\u2014The ceremony of sub-incision.\nAriltha-erlitha-atnartinja\u2014Term applied to the second operation of sub-incision frequently performed upon men at their own request.\nAritna churinga.\u2014The sacred or secret name given to each individual and associated with his or her Churinga which belonged to an ancestor of whom the living individual is regarded as the reincarnation.\nArri-inkuma\u2014A loud noise made by shouting while the hand is moved rapidly backwards and forwards in front of the mouth.\nArumburinga\u2014The spirit which issues from the natural object which arises to mark the spot where the Alcheringa individual died. It is thus a double of the original spirit which remains in the Churinga.\nArunga\u2014Grandfather or grandchild on the male side. Also the native name of the Euro (Macropus robustus), which gives its name to a totem.\nArungquiltha\u2014A magic evil influence. The term is applied both to the evil influence and to the material object in which it is resident.\nArwatcha\u2014A small rat, which gives its name to a totem.\nAtalya\u2014A hollow sound.\nAtcha\u2014Resin obtained from porcupine grass and used as a cementing material.\nAtna-ariltha-kuma\u2014The ceremony of introcision or cutting open of the vulva.\nAtna nylkna\u2014The term applied to a man who has intercourse with a woman who belongs to the group from which his wife must come, but who has not been specially allotted to him.\nAtnarbitta\u2014Foul-smelling.\nAtnimma\u2014Standing erect.\nAtninja\u2014The moon.\nAtninpirichina\u2014Name given to the Princess Alexandra parakeets (Spathopterus alexandroe).\nAtnitta\u2014The stomach or abdomen.\nAtnongara\u2014Magic stones in the body of the medicine man.\nAtnumbanta\u2014The brake of boughs behind which the novice lies during the ceremonies concerned with circumcision.\nAtnuta\u2014Limp.\nAtwia-atwia\u2014Name applied to the men who operate at the ceremony of circumcision.\nAura\u2014Name applied to the hole which is dug in the ground during certain ceremonies to represent a man or woman.\nAuaritcha\u2014The status term applied in the southern Arunta tribe to the boy after his hair has been for the first time tied up at the beginning of the first ceremony of initiation.\nBulthara\u2014Name of one of the sub-classes of the Arunta tribe.\nChankuna\u2014A small edible berry giving its name to a totem.\nChantchawa\u2014Name given to the head man of a local group in the north-eastern part of the Arunta tribe.\nCharunka\u2014Very wise.\nChaurilia\u2014Name applied to an offering of food made to men who have officiated at certain ceremonies, and after the presentation of which the ban of silence previously existing between the donor and recipient is removed.\nChilara\u2014A broad band worn across the forehead from ear to ear and made of strands of opossum fur string.\nChimurilia\u2014Chaplet of bones worn by certain women during the final mourning ceremony. This term is used by men only, the women call it Aramurilia.\nChimbaliri\u2014Sacred object of the Urabunna tribe, the equivalent of the bull-roarer or Churinga of the Arunta tribe.\nChuringa\u2014A term implying something sacred or secret. The term is applied both to an object and to the quality possessed by it. It is most frequently used to mean one of the sacred stones or sticks of the Arunta tribe, which are the equivalents of the bull-roarers of other tribes.\nChuringa amunga\u2014A stone Churinga of the fly totem used to cure bad eyes.\nChuringa ilkinia\u2014Name given to the series of sacred designs associated with the totems.\nChuringa irula\u2014A wooden Churinga or bull-roarer.\nChuringa nanja\u2014The Churinga or bull-roarer which is especially associated with each man and woman, and is supposed to have belonged to and to have been carried about by the spirit, whose reincarnation he or she is.\nChuringa unchima\u2014Small rounded stones which are supposed to be the eggs of the witchetty grubs of the mythical past.\nChuringa unginia\u2014A stone Churinga associated with a rat totem and rubbed on the chin of young men to induce a growth of beard.\nEchunpa\u2014A large lizard (Varanus giganteus), which gives its name to a totem.\nEkirinja\u2014Forbidden or tabu.\nEkulla\u2014A cake made of grass seed and presented by men of the emu totem to men who were returning borrowed Churinga.\nEliaqua erkuma\u2014Embracing the sacred pole by the novice during the ceremonies concerned with the operation of circumcision.\nElkintera\u2014A large white bat (Megaderma gigas), which gives its name to a totem.\nElonka\u2014The fruit of a species of Marsdenia, which gives its name to a totem.\nElucha\u2014The man who holds the shield on which the novice is placed during the operation of circumcision.\nEnchichichika\u2014Design painted on the back of the boy during the first rite associated with initiation.\nEngwura\u2014A series of ceremonies attendant upon the last of the rites concerned with initiation.\nEquilla timma\u2014Projecting smell into food.\nEquina\u2014Pipe-clay.\nErathipa\u2014A stone representing the spot at which a sacred pole was implanted and at which a child went into the earth together with a number of Churinga. Spirit children emanate from the stone.\nErilknabata\u2014A very wise old man of the mythical past times.\nErkincha\u2014A disease to which young people are especially liable.\nErlia\u2014An emu; the name of an important totemic group.\nErlukwirra\u2014A special part of the main camp where the women assemble and near to which the men may not go.\nErtnatulunga\u2014Sacred storehouse of a local totemic group in which are stored sacred objects which are used in ceremonies and may not be seen by the women and children. The greater number of the objects consist of the Churinga or bull-roarers.\nErtoacha\u2014Part of the internal reproductive organs of a male kangaroo, opossum, etc., used for magic purposes.\nErtua\u2014The wild turkey (Leipoa ocellata), which gives its name to a totem.\nErtwa\u2014A man.\nErtwa-kirra\u2014Offering of food made by men who have passed through the Engwura to the old men who have been in charge of them during the ceremony. The meaning of the term is men's meat.\nErtwa-kurka\u2014Status term applied to a man who has been circumcised and subincised but has not passed through the Engwura ceremony.\nErtwa-oknurcha\u2014A name applied to the moon. It means a big man.\nGammona\u2014Mother's brothers, blood and tribal.\nIdnimita\u2014Grub of a longicorn beetle which gives its name to a totem.\nIknula\u2014A black line painted above the eye of a new born child to prevent sickness. The same term is applied to the line painted above the hole in the Erathipa stone, through which the children are supposed to peer out.\nIknura\u2014East.\nIkuntera\u2014Father-in-law; the name applied by a man to every man whose daughter is eligible to him as wife.\nIkuntera-tualcha\u2014The name applied by a man to the particular man whose daughter, born or unborn, has been specially allotted to him as wife.\nIlarntwa\u2014Bag made of skin.\nIlchella\u2014Name applied by a woman only to the daughters of her father's sisters, blood and tribal.\nIlchinkinja\u2014A special messenger sent out to summon different local groups to the Engwura ceremony. The word means the beckoning hand.\nIlilika\u2014A knout made by the Warramunga tribe and supposed to be endowed with magic power. It is especially used to frighten women.\nIlkinia\u2014Name given to the sacred designs associated with the different totems.\nIlkunta\u2014Whittled sticks worn in the hair. In the northern part of the Arunta tribe the wearing of these indicates that the men are going to fight.\nIllapurinja\u2014Name applied to a woman who goes out for the purpose of killing some other woman who has offended against a tribal custom. The word means the changed one.\nIlliura\u2014Name applied to men who during the Intichiuma ceremony of the emu totem represent the descendants of the men called Inniakwa who themselves represent early ancestors of the totemic group.\nIllpongwurra\u2014Name applied to men passing through the Engwura ceremony. The word means not decorated with grease.\nIllpuma\u2014Eclipse of the sun.\nIllunja\u2014A lizard which gives its name to a totem.\nIllupa\u2014A ground axe head made of diorite.\nIlluta\u2014A rat, a species of Conilurus, which gives its name to a totem.\nIlpilla\u2014A bunch of eagle-hawk feathers worn in the waist band in the middle of the back.\nIlpintira or Churinga ilpintira\u2014Special name given to the sacred design of the emu totem drawn upon the ground.\nIlpirla\u2014(I) A form of manna peculiar to the mulga tree and eaten by the natives. (2) A drink made by steeping in water the bodies of honey-ants.\nIlqualthari\u2014A word signifying mates and applied to animals, usually birds, which are supposed to be in some special way associated with the members of particular totems.\nIlthura\u2014A shallow cave or hole in the ground in which is placed a sacred stone representing a stage in the development of the witchetty grub.\nIlyabara\u2014Bark.\nIlyabara iwuma\u2014Bark throwing ceremony during the circumcision ceremonies.\nIlyappa\u2014A ring made of grass stalks bound round with human hair string and decorated with down; used during a sacred ceremony of the Irriakura totem.\nImampa\u2014Emu feather chignons worn by the men.\nImitnya\u2014Fur string head bands used to tie round the hair.\nImmirinja\u2014The men who actually take part in the killing during an avenging expedition.\nInapertwa\u2014Incomplete human beings who were transformed into men and women.\nInarlinga\u2014The Echidna or so-called porcupine.\nInga\u2014Fat.\nIngwalara\u2014Name applied to the medicine man in the southern part of the Arunta tribe, the equivalent of the term Railtchawa in the northern part.\nIngwitchika\u2014Seed of a species of Claytonia used as food; it gives its name to a totem.\nIninja\u2014A party organised to inflict punishment on an individual who has offended against tribal law.\nInjilla\u2014A pointing stick made of bone or wood with a small lump of resin at one end.\nInniakwa\u2014Men who during the Intichiuma ceremony of the emu totem represent ancestors of the totem.\nIntathurta\u2014Emu feather shoes worn by the Kurdaitcha. This name is used in the southern part of the tribe.\nInterlinia\u2014Emu feather shoes worn by the Kurdaitcha. This name is used in the north of the tribe.\nInterpitna\u2014A fish, called locally the Bony bream (Chatoessus horni), which gives its name to a totem.\nIntichiuma\u2014Sacred ceremony performed by the members of a local totemic group with the object of increasing the number of the totemic animal or plant.\nIntinga\u2014Husband's sisters, blood and tribal.\nInturrita\u2014A pigeon (Lophophaps leucogaster) locally called the rock-pigeon; it gives its name to a totem.\nInwunina\u2014Pointing sticks worn like two horns on the head of a performer, representing an Oruncha or mischievous spirit.\nInwurra\u2014A messenger carrying one or more Churinga who is sent to summon the members of other groups when ceremonies are to be performed.\nIrchantpina\u2014Name applied to the running with very exaggerated high knee action, which is always adopted during the performance of ceremonies.\nIrkoa-artha\u2014Name applied to the individual who takes charge of the newly initiated man when the women's camp is visited after the ceremony of sub-incision.\nIrkun\u2014A term signifying light and frivolous.\nIrna\u2014A pointing stick made of bone or wood, and with a small lump of resin at one end.\nIrquantha\u2014A term signifying churlish; it is applied, for example, to men who do not obey the summons of a properly accredited messenger.\nIrriakura\u2014A favourite food, the bulb of Cyperus rotundus. It gives its name to a totem.\nIrripitcha\u2014The ring-necked parrot (Platycercus zonarius). These birds are regarded as the mates of the men of the Irriakura totem.\nIrritcha\u2014The eagle-hawk (Aquila audax); the bird gives its name to a totem and its feathers are much in request for decorative purposes.\nIrrunpa\u2014Term applied in the south of the Arunta tribe to the large lizard which in the north is called Echunpa.\nIrruntuwurra\u2014Name applied to the men upon whose body the novice lies down during the operation of circumcision.\nIruka\u2014A knitted string bag.\nIrula\u2014A term signifying wooden or made of dressed wood; for example, a wooden Churinga is often spoken of as Churinga irula.\nIrulchiukiwuma\u2014Movement of shields by members of an avenging party when returning. The object of the particular movement is to ward off the spirit of the dead man.\nIruntarinia\u2014The general term applied to spirit individuals. Amongst them certain special forms are called by distinct names, such as Ulthana or Arumburinga.\nItia\u2014Younger brother or sister, blood and tribal.\nIturka\u2014Term applied to a man who has had intercourse with a woman belonging to a class which is forbidden to him.\nKakwa\u2014A small hawk which gives its name to a totem.\nKartwia quatcha\u2014Term meaning rain or water country and applied to a district occupied by a water totem group.\nKauaua\u2014A sacred pole painted with human blood and decorated with the usual head ornaments of a man; it is used in connection with the Engwura ceremony.\nKillarina\u2014Name given in the northern part of the Arunta tribe to the man who assists the actual operator during the ceremony of circumcision.\nKirarawa\u2014Name applied to one moiety of the Urabunna tribe. The name is the equivalent of the Kararu in the neighbouring Dierie tribe.\nKirra-urkna\u2014Girdle made out of the hair cut from the head of a dead man and supposed to be endowed with all the attributes of the latter.\nKobong\u2014Native equivalent of the term totem in certain parts (Unclear:)o the west.\nKoperta\u2014The head.\nKoperta kakuma\u2014Ceremony of biting the scalp of a newly initiated youth.\nKulchia\u2014Arm bands made of opossum fur string.\nKulla-kulla\u2014A small kangaroo represented during a sacred ceremony.\nKulungu\u2014A flaked stone knife made of quartzite.\nKumara\u2014Name of one of the sub-classes in the Arunta tribe.\nKurdaitcha\u2014Name applied to a man who has been either formally selected or goes out on his own initiative, wearing emu-feather shoes, to kill some individual accused of having injured some one by magic.\nKuthi\u2014The equivalent of the Kurdaitcha in the Urabunna tribe.\nKutta-kutta\u2014Little night hawks.\nLalira\u2014Large stone knives, made of flaked quartzite.\nLalkira\u2014Nose bone worn through the septum.\nLartna\u2014The ceremony of circumcision.\nLilpuririka\u2014A term which signifies running like a creek.\nLonka-lonka\u2014A flat plate-like ornament made from the shell of Melo ethiopica or Meleagrina margaritifera; it is used also as an object of magic.\nLubra\u2014The usual name applied by white people to a native woman; in other parts of the continent the usual term is gin. The native term in the Arunta tribe is Arakutja.\nMaegwa\u2014The adult insect of the witchetty grub.\nMarilla\u2014The design peculiar to the Oruncha or mischievous spirit and painted on the body of a man when he is made into a medicine man by one of the Oruncha, or by a man who has been so made.\nMatthurie\u2014Name applied to one of the moieties of the Urabunna tribe.\nMauia\u2014Magic stone of the Kaitish tribe.\nMia\u2014Term applied by a man to all women whom his father might law-fully have married.\nMia-mia\u2014A lean-to of boughs used as a shelter by the natives. The word has been introduced to this locality by the whites, and is pronounced, as if spelt in English, my-my.\nMira\u2014A camp.\nMirna\u2014An offering of seed food made during certain ceremonies.\nMulga\u2014The name given to various species of Acacia (usually Acacia aneura) which forms dense scrub in many parts of Australia.\nMulyanuka\u2014The term applied in the Arunta tribe to individuals who belong to the other moiety of the tribe to that to which the individual using the term himself belongs. Thus a Panunga or Bulthara man speaks of the Purula and Kumara as Mulyanuka.\nMunyeru\u2014A species of Claytonia, the seeds of which are used as food.\nMura\u2014Wife's or husband's mother blood and tribal; thus all women whose daughters are eligible as wives are mura to him.\nNakrakia\u2014The term applied in the Arunta tribe to individuals who belong to the same moiety of the tribe as that to which the individual who uses the term belongs; thus a Panunga or Bulthara man speaks of the Panunga and Bulthara as his Nakrakia.\nNalyilta\u2014Name given to a bough shelter which is used in connection with the Intichiuma ceremony of the water totem.\nNamatwinna\u2014A small wooden bull-roarer. The name is derived from nama, grass, and twinna, to hit; because when whirled round it is made first of all to strike the ground.\nNanja\u2014The term applied to some natural object, such as a tree or stone which arose to mark the spot where an ancestor of the mythical past went into the ground, leaving behind his spirit part associated with his Churinga. The tree or stone is the Nanja of that spirit and also of the human being in the form of whom it undergoes reincarnation. The Churinga is the Churinga nanja of the human being.\nNimmera\u2014Name applied by a woman to her husband's father or to any man who might lawfully have married her husband's mother.\nNinchi-lappa-lappa\u2014A little scarlet-fronted bird (Ephthianura tricolor) into which men, who in the mythical past continually painted themselves with red, changed.\nNulliga\u2014Spear-thrower of the Wambia tribe.\nNung-gara\u2014Name applied to the medicine man by the natives of the Finke River district.\nNupa\u2014The term used in the Urabunna tribe to designate men and women who are mutually marriageable.\nNurtunja\u2014A pole used in sacred ceremonies, and emblematic of the animal or plant which gives its name to the totem with which the ceremony is concerned.\nOara (or Aura)\u2014The name given to a crude drawing made on the ground and supposed to represent the outline of the body of some individual whom it is intended to injure by means of magic.\nObma\u2014Name of a carpet snake which gives its name to a totem.\nOchirka\u2014The sun.\nOkincha-lanina irrulknakina\u2014Name given to the girdle into which the opposum fur string girdle and head bands of a dead man are made up. The first term is the ordinary one applied to the article; the second one is compounded of the words, irra, he, ulkna, grave, and kinna, from.\nOkira\u2014A kangaroo (Macropus rufus) which gives its name to a totem.\nOknanikilla\u2014A local totem centre; an area of country which is supposed to be inhabited by the spirits of ancestral individuals. The spirits of each local centre belong to one totem.\nOknia\u2014The term applied by a man to his actual father and to all men who might lawfully have married his mother.\nOknira\u2014Large or great.\nOknirabata\u2014Name given to an old man who is learned in tribal customs and tradition and teaches the others. The word means great teacher.\nOkoara\u2014A ceremony which consists in the handing of soil over to the man who is to perform the ceremony of circumcision by the elder brother of the novice.\nOkranina\u2014A snake which gives its name to a totem.\nOkunjepunna oknira\u2014The equivalent of the term much infatuated.\nOpmira\u2014A camp.\nOruncha\u2014Term applied to individuals both men and women who lived in the mythical past, and to spirit individuals at the present day, who are regarded as being of a mischievous nature.\nOrunchilcha\u2014Design representing the hand of an Oruncha. It is painted on the forehead of a man who is being made into a medicine man by an Oruncha.\nPanunga\u2014Name of one of the sub-classes of the Arunta tribe.\nParra\u2014A long mound of earth raised during the Engwura ceremony.\nPaukutta\u2014Name applied to the top-knot into which the hair of boys is sometimes done up.\nPiraungaru\u2014The term used in the Urabunna tribe to designate a limited number of men and women who may lawfully have marital relationship.\nPitchi\u2014A hollowed out wooden trough used chiefly by the women for carrying food and water in.\nPuliliwuma\u2014Throwing spittle to produce evil magic.\nPura\u2014Tail or Penis.\nPura-ariltha-kuma\u2014The ceremony of sub-incision.\nPurula\u2014One of the sub-classes of the Arunta tribe.\nQuabara or Quabara undattha\u2014Name applied generally to the sacred ceremonies which, at the present day, only initiated men may witness and take part in. These ceremonies are associated with the totems.\nQuatcha\u2014Water. Quatcha wilima is running water, Quatcha untima is rain or falling water.\nQuirra\u2014The bandicoot (Perameles obesula), which gives its name to a totem.\nRailtchawa\u2014Name applied to the medicine man in the northern part of the Arunta tribe.\nTakula\u2014A pointing stick.\nTapunga\u2014Name applied to the man upon whom the novice lies during the operation of circumcision.\nTapurta\u2014The name given to a long series of ceremonies connected with the lizard totem.\nTchanka\u2014The bull-dog ant (a species of Myrmecia), the bite of which is supposed to deprive medicine men of their powers.\nTchinperli\u2014A form of magic used among the Ilpirra tribe in connection with which a pointing stick with bits of flint stuck into it is employed.\nTchintu\u2014A magic object of the Wyinurri tribe which is supposed to contain the heat of the sun.\nThanunda\u2014Name given to the storing place of the Churinga on the Engwura ground.\nThara\u2014A special fire lighted by an avenging party beside which it is intended to kill the victim.\nThippa-thippa\u2014Name applied to certain birds which are regarded as the mates of the large lizards and as transformations of human beings of the mythical past.\nThunthunnie\u2014The equivalent of the word totem in the Urabunna tribe.\nTirna\u2014General name for the pitchis or wooden troughs in which food and water are carried.\nTrora\u2014Name of musical instrument consisting of two sticks variously shaped which are struck together.\nTualcha-mura\u2014Special term of relationship applied to the woman by a man to whom her daughter has been specially allotted.\nTukira\u2014Boils.\nTulkara\u2014Quail, which gives its name to a totem.\nTundun\u2014Name of the bull-roarer in the Kurnai tribe.\nTwanyirika\u2014The spirit whose voice is supposed by the women to be heard when the bull-roarer sounds, and who is believed by them to carry off the boy.\nUchaqua\u2014Stones which represent the chrysalis stage of the witchetty grub.\nUchuilma\u2014A word signifying lithe or active.\nUdnirringita\u2014One of the larval insect forms called witchetty grubs. The name is derived from the term Udnirringa, the name of the bush on which the insect feeds. It gives its name to an important totem.\nUkarkinja\u2014Name applied in the southern part of the tribe to the men who take charge of the novice during the first of the initiation ceremonies.\nUkgnulia\u2014Name of the wild dog or dingo, which gives its name to a totem.\nUknaria\u2014Name of one of the sub-classes in the northern part of the Arunta and in the Ilpirra tribe.\nUlchulkinja\u2014Wattle (Acacia) seed; the name of a totem.\nUliara\u2014Name of the girdle worn by men and made out of human hair.\nUlima\u2014The liver; a name given to a hill which arose to mark the spot where the liver of a celebrated kangaroo of the mythical past was thrown on the ground by wild dogs.\nUllakakulla\u2014The act of dislocating the joints so as to make a dead body hang limply.\nUllakupera\u2014A little hawk, which gives its name to an important totem.\nUllink\u2014A pointing stick with a hooked end, supposed to be used by spirits for inserting in the bodies of individuals whom they desire to annoy.\nUlpirra\u2014A musical instrument, consisting of a small hollowed out branch which is blown through. Used also as an object of magic.\nUlpmerka\u2014Term applied to a boy before he has been circumcised. The name is also used in connection with groups of individuals of certain totems, who are the descendants of ancestors, who in the mythical past were not circumcised as the other members of the totem were.\nUlquita\u2014A shield.\nUltha\u2014Name applied to the piece of wood placed in the ground above the spot where the foreskin is buried in the southern Arunta.\nUlthana\u2014The spirit part of a dead man which is supposed to haunt the precincts of the grave until the final mourning ceremony has been carried out.\nUltunda\u2014Magic stone in the body of a medicine man.\nUmba\u2014Name applied by a woman to her own or her sister's children and by a man to those of his sister.\nUmbalinyara\u2014A cross used during the performance of a sacred ceremony concerned with the Iruntarinia or spirits.\nUmbana\u2014A long narrow bough shelter which is used during the Intichiuma ceremony of the witchetty grub totem, and is supposed to represent the chrysalis stage of the insect.\nUmbirna\u2014Wife's brother; the term is applied by a man to the brother of any woman who is lawfully marriageable to him.\nUmbirna ilirima\u2014The name given to a reconciliation meeting between two groups which have been on bad terms; the term means seeing and settling\nUmbitchana\u2014The name of one of the sub-classes in the Ilpirra and northern Arunta tribes.\nUnawa\u2014The term used in the Arunta tribe to designate men and women who are reciprocally marriageable.\nUnchalka\u2014A little grub which gives its name to a totem.\nUnchalkulkna\u2014The act of handing the fire-stick during the ceremonies concerned with circumcision.\nUnchichera\u2014A frog (Limnodynastes dorsalis) which gives its name to an important totem.\nUnchichera irrunpa\u2014Short sticks used during a ceremony of the frog totem to imitate the croaking of frogs.\nUnchima or Churinga unchima\u2014Small round stones supposed to represent the eggs of the witchetty grubs.\nUnchipera\u2014A small bat (Nyctophilus timoriensis) which gives its name to a totem.\nUnchirka\u2014A grass seed.\nUndattha\u2014Down derived either from the involucral hairs of some plant such as a species of Portulaca or from birds, especially the eagle-hawk. The use of this down is characteristic of sacred ceremonies which, with rare exceptions, the women are not allowed to see.\nUndiara\u2014Name of a cave associated with the kangaroo totem, at which an Intichiuma ceremony is peformed.\nUngalla\u2014Name of one of the sub-classes in the Ilpirra and northern Arunta tribes.\nUngambikula\u2014The name of two beings who transformed Inapertwa creatures into human beings. The meaning of the term is self-existing or made out of nothing.\nUngaraitcha\u2014Term of relationship applied to elder sisters, blood and tribal.\nUngunja\u2014Special part of the main camp where the men assemble and near to which the women may not go.\nUnjiacherta\u2014A term meaning the place of Unjiamba men.\nUnjiamba\u2014Name of the flower of a species of Hakea which gives its name to a totem.\nUnjipinna\u2014Term of address applied by a boy to a man who has relinquished his right to the sister of the former as wife; in this case the boy has to give his hair to the man.\nUnkapera\u2014Name of a bundle carried by one of the mythical ancestors of the Arunta tribe as he journeyed over the country. It contained men and women.\nUnkir-ertwa\u2014Greedy men.\nUnkulla\u2014Relationship term applied to the sons and daughters of the father's sisters.\nUninapathera\u2014Name applied in the southern part of the Arunta tribe to the moiety of the tribe to which the individual using the term belongs. The term is the equivalent of Nakrakia in the north.\nUntaina\u2014A small rat which gives its name to a totem.\nUnthippa\u2014Name applied to certain women of the mythical past times who are supposed to have danced across the country from west to east. The Unthippa dance at the ceremony of circumcision commemorates these women.\nUntungalirrima\u2014Ceremony of scraping the backs of recently initiated youths by one who has just been circumcised, the object being to place them all on terms of equality, and to make them friendly.\nUra\u2014Fire.\nUra-ilyabara\u2014A fire-stick or lighted piece of bark which tradition says was used for performing circumcision before the introduction of the stone knife.\nUrinchitha\u2014A spark of fire.\nUrinthantima\u2014Name given to the man on whose lap the novice sits during the ceremony of circumcision when the fire stick is handed to him by his mia or mother.\nUrlewa\u2014South-east.\nUrliara\u2014Name applied to the fully initiated men who have passed through the Engwura ceremony.\nUrliwatchera\u2014A large lizard (Varanus gouldi) which gives its name to a totem.\nUrpmilchima\u2014Final mourning ceremony conducted at the grave of a dead man or woman. The word means trampling the twigs on the grave.\nUrtwi-urtwi\u2014Name applied in the southern Arunta tribe to the man who operates at circumcision. The equivalent of the term Atwia-twia in the northern part of the tribe.\nUrumbinya\u2014Name applied by a man in the southern part of the Arunta tribe to the moiety of the tribe to which he does not belong. The equivalent of the term Mulyanuka in the north.\nUrumpilla\u2014Name applied in some parts to the Engwura ceremony. The word is, in part, compounded of the word Ura, fire.\nUrumpira\u2014A large spear made for fighting at close quarters.\nUrpma\u2014Cicatrices raised on the bodies of women.\nUrpmala\u2014The act of making fire.\nUwilia\u2014Name given to the officials who paint the boy during the ceremony of circumcision.\nUwinna\u2014Term of relationship applied to a father's sisters, blood and tribal.\nWabma\u2014A snake which gives its name to a totem.\nWahkutnimma\u2014Name applied to the running round the decorated performers during a sacred ceremony.\nWallira\u2014A large spear.\nWaninga\u2014A sacred object emblematic of some totemic animal or plant.\nWanmyia\u2014Name given to the spear-thrower in the Warramunga tribe.\nWanpa\u2014Name given to sticks which are beaten together to keep time to the dancing during ceremonies.\nWartilkirri\u2014Name of the beaked boomerang of the Warramunga tribe.\nWetta\u2014Twigs of a species of Eremophila worn by the men who are passing through the Engwura ceremony.\nWialka\u2014Name of the beaked boomerang amongst the Kaitish tribe.\nWitia\u2014Younger brother, blood and tribal.\nWultha-chelpima\u2014Name given to the lying down of certain men on the top of the novice during the ceremonies concerned with circumcision.\nWulya\u2014Name given to the officials who paint the novice during the circumcision ceremony.\nWungara\u2014Name of a species of duck in the Urabunna tribe, which gives its name to a totem.\nWunpa\u2014Name applied to a young woman until such time as her breasts grow pendent.\nWupira\u2014An ornament worn by the men at the close of the Engwura ceremony, and consisting of a strand of fur string tipped with a little tuft of the tail tips of the rabbit-kangaroo.\nWurley\u2014Name of bough shelter used by the natives; the term has been introduced from other parts of Australia.\nWurtja\u2014Name given to the novice during the ceremonies attendant upon that of circumcision after he has been painted and before the actual operation.\nYarumpa\u2014Name of the honey-ant (Camponotus spp.), which gives its name to a totem.\nYirira\u2014North.","title":"The Native Tribes of North Central Australia: Glossary of Native Terms Used","type":"page"}