{"collection":"Bible & Christianity","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/browse/bib/cmt/vws/co2005.htm","path":"bib/cmt/vws/co2005.htm","source_url":"https://sacred-texts.com/bib/cmt/vws/co2005.htm","text":"Vincent's Word Studies, by Marvin R. Vincent, [1886]\nOur earthly house of this tabernacle (\u1f21 \u1f10\u03c0\u03af\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2)\nEarthly, not, made of earth, which would be \u03c7\u03bf\u0390\u0301\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 as Co1 15:47; but upon the earth, terrestrial, as Co1 15:40; Phi 2:10. Tabernacle (\u03c3\u03ba\u1fc6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2) tent or hut. In later writers, especially the Platonists, Pythagoreans, and medical authors, used to denote the body. Thus Hippocrates: \"A great vein by which the whole body (\u03c3\u03ba\u1fc6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2) is nourished.\" Some expositors think that Paul uses the word here simply in this sense - the house which is the body. But while Paul does mean the body, he preserves the figurative sense of the word tabernacle; for he never uses this term elsewhere as synonymous with the body. The figure of the tent suits the contrast with the building, and would naturally suggest itself to the tent-maker. The phrase earthly house of the tabernacle expresses a single conception - the dwelling which is, or consists in the tabernacle, the tent-house. The transient character of the body is thus indicated. Compare houses of clay, Job 4:19. See on the kindred words \u03c3\u03ba\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 tabernacle, Pe2 1:13; and \u03c3\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c9 to dwell in or to fix a tabernacle, Joh 1:14. Tabernacle is so habitually associated with a house of worship, and is so often applied to durable structures, that the original sense of a tent is in danger of being lost. It would be better to translate here by tent. The word tabernacle is a diminutive of the Latin taberna a hut or shed, which appears in tavern. Its root is ta, tan, to stretch or spread out.\nDissolved (\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03b8\u1fc7)\nLit., loosened down. Appropriate to taking down a tent. See on Mar 13:2; see on Luk 9:12; see on Act 5:38; and compare Pe2 3:11, Pe2 3:12, and the figure of the parting of the silver cord on which the lamp is suspended, Ecc 12:6. Also Job 4:21, where the correct rendering is: Is not their tent-cord plucked up within them? So Rev. O.T.\nWe have\nThe building from God is an actual possession in virtue of the believer's union with Christ. It is just as we say of a minor, before he comes into possession of his property, that he has so much. Compare Mat 19:21.\nBuilding of God (\u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba \u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u1fe6)\nIn contrast with tent. The reference is to the resurrection body. Compare the city which hath the foundations, Heb 11:10. For of God, read, as Rev., from, God; proceeding from (\u1f10\u03ba) Heinrici, von Gott her: compare God giveth, Co1 15:38, and \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u1fe6 ye have from God, where the reference is to the natural body, Co1 6:19. Construe from God with building, not with we have.\nIn the heavens\nConstrue with we have.\nIn this\nTabernacle. As if pointing to his own body. See on Co1 15:54.\nEarnestly desiring (\u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2)\nThe participle has an explanatory force, as Act 27:7, \"because the wind did not suffer us.\" We groan because we long. Rev., longing. The compounded preposition \u1f10\u03c0\u03af does not mark the intensity of the desire, but its direction.\nTo be clothed upon (\u1f10\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9)\nOnly here and Co2 5:4. Compare \u1f10\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 fisher's coat, Joh 21:7 (see note). Lit., to put on over. The metaphor changes from building to clothing, a natural transformation in the mind of Paul, to whom the hail-cloth woven for tents would suggest a vesture.\nHouse (\u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd)\nNot \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 house, as Co2 5:1. This word regards the house with special reference to its inhabitant. The figure links itself with building, Co2 5:1, as contrasted with the unstable tent.\nFrom heaven (\u1f10\u03be \u03bf\u1f50\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u1fe6)\nAs from God, Co2 5:1.\nIf so be (\u03b5\u1f34 \u03b3\u03b5)\nAssuming that.\nBeing clothed\nCompare Job 10:11.\nNaked (\u03b3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bd\u03bf\u1f76)\nWithout a body. The word was used by Greek writers of disembodied spirits. See the quotation from Plato's \"Gorgias\" in note on Luk 12:20; also \"Cratylus,\" 403, where, speaking of Pluto, Socrates says: \"The foolish fears which people have of him, such as the fear of being always with him after death, and of the soul denuded (\u03b3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bd\u1f74) of the body going to him.\" Stanley cites Herodotus' story of Melissa, the Corinthian queen, who appeared to her husband after death, entreating him to burn dresses for her as a covering for her disembodied spirit (v., 92). The whole expression, being clothed - naked is equivalent to we shall not be found naked because we shall be clothed.\nBeing burdened (\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9)\nCompare weight (\u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2) of glory, Co2 4:17.\nNot for that we would be unclothed (\u1f10\u03c6' \u1fa7 \u03bf\u1f50 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9)\nLit., because we are not willing to divest ourselves (of the mortal body). Regarding the coming of the Lord as near, the apostle contemplates the possibility of living to behold it. The oppression of soul (groan) is not from pains and afflictions of the body, nor from the fear of death, but from the natural shrinking from death, especially if death is to deprive him of the body (unclothe) only to leave him without a new and higher organism. Therefore he desires, instead of dying, to have the new being come down upon him while still alive, investing him with the new spiritual organism (clothed upon), as a new garment is thrown over an old one, and absorbing (swallowed up) the old, sensuous life.\n\"For who, to dumb forgetfulness a prey,\nThis pleadng anxious being e'er resigned,\nLeft the warm precincts of the cheerful day,\nNor cast one longing, lingering look behind?\"\nGray, \"Elegy.\"\nSwallowed up\nA new metaphor. Compare Co1 15:54.\nWrought (\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2)\nThe compound is significant, indicating an accomplished fact. Through the various operations of His Spirit and the processes of His discipline, God has worked us out (Stanley, worked up) for this change. The process includes the dissolution of what is mortal no less than the renewal. The one is a step to the other. See Co1 15:36.\nEarnest of the Spirit\nSee on Co2 1:22, and compare Rom 8:11. Of the Spirit is appositional, the Spirit as the earnest.\nAt home (\u1f10\u03bd\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2)\n\u1f19\u03bd in, \u03b4\u1fc6\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 people. Only in this chapter. To be among one's own people, and not to travel abroad.\nWe are absent (\u1f10\u03ba\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd)\nLit., we live abroad. Only in this chapter. Compare Phi 1:23; Phi 3:20; Heb 11:13; Heb 13:14. There is a play upon the words which might be expressed by at home, from home.\nBy sight (\u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03b5\u1f34\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2)\nThe correct rendering is appearance. The word is not used actively in the sense of vision. Faith is contrasted with the actual appearance of heavenly things. Hence the marginal reading of the Rev. should go into the text.\nAre willing (\u03b5\u1f50\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd)\nThe translation might well be made stronger as well as more literal: we are well-pleased.\nTo be absent - present (\u1f10\u03ba\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9 - \u1f10\u03bd\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9)\nThe same verbs as in Co2 5:6 : to be from home, at home.\nWe labor (\u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1)\nUsed by Paul only, here, Rom 15:20 (note), Th1 4:11. Labor is a feeble translation, not bringing out the idea of the end contemplated, as the motive of the toil. Rev., we make it our aim.\nAppear (\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9)\nRev., better, be made manifest. Appear is not strong enough, since it implies only presence at the judgment-seat. The important fact is our being revealed as we are.\nJudgment seat (\u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2)\nSee on Act 7:5.\nMay receive (\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9)\nSee on Pe1 1:8. Compare Eph 6:8; Col 3:25.\nIn the body (\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac)\nLit., through the body as a medium.\nBad (\u03c6\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd)\nSee on Jam 3:16.\nTerror of the Lord (\u03c6\u03cc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u039a\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5)\nRev., better, the fear of the Lord. Not that which is terrible in the Lord, but being conscious of fearing the Lord.\nWe persuade (\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b8\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd)\nConvince of our integrity.\nWe are beside ourselves (\u1f10\u03be\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd)\nSee on Luk 24:22; see on Act 2:7; and see on the kindred \u1f14\u03ba\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 astonishment, Mar 5:42. Some such charge appears to have been made, as at Act 26:24.\nThe love of Christ\nChrist's love to men. See on Jo1 2:5.\nConstraineth (\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9)\nSee on taken, Luk 4:38; see on Act 18:5. It is the word rendered I am in a strait, Phi 1:23. Compare Luk 12:50. The idea is not urging or driving, but shutting up to one line and purpose, as in a narrow, walled road.\nAfter the flesh (\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c3\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b1)\n\"He who knows no man after the flesh, has, for example, in the case of the Jew, entirely lost sight of his Jewish origin; in that of the rich man, of his riches; in that of the learned of his learning; in that of the slave, of his servitude\" (Alford). Compare Gal 3:28.\nYea though (\u03b5\u1f30 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76)\nNot with a climactic force, as A.V., and not with the emphasis on Christ, but on have known. The proper sense will be brought out in reading by emphasizing have. We know no man henceforth after the flesh: even if we have known Christ after the flesh, yet now, etc. Paul refers to his knowledge of Christ before his conversion, a hearsay knowledge, confined to reports of His personal appearance, His deeds, His relations to the Jews, His alleged crime and punishment. When the glorified Christ first spoke to him out of heaven, he asked, \"Who art thou?\" Compare to reveal His Son in me, Gal 1:16.\nA new creature (\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u1f74 \u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2)\nOr creation. Compare Gal 6:15. The word \u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 is used in three senses in the New Testament. The act of creating, as Rom 1:20. The sum of created things, as Rev 3:14; Mar 13:19. A created thing or creature, as Rom 8:39. The Rabbins used the word of a man converted from idolatry. \"He who brings a foreigner and makes him a proselyte is as if he created him.\"\nOld things (\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u1fd6\u03b1)\nRev., correctly, the old things. See on Jo1 2:7, and see on Rev 12:9.\nPassed away (\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bb\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd)\nLit., passed by. So Luk 18:37; Mar 6:48. As here, Jam 1:10; Mat 5:8; Mat 24:34, etc.\nBehold\nAs if contemplating a rapidly shifting scene. As in a flash, old things vanish, and all things become new.\nAnd (\u03b4\u1f72)\nBetter, Rev., but; as if anticipating a possible failure to discern the primary agency of God in this moral transformation. All things - all that are involved in this mighty change - are from God.\nReconciled\nGod is the prime-mover in the work of reconciliation. See on Rom 5:10, through Christ, as the medium.\nGod\nEmphatic. It was God, as in Co2 5:18.\nWas - reconciling (\u1f26\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03c3\u03c9\u03bd)\nThese words are to be construed together; the participle with the finite verb marking the process of reconciliation. The emphasis is on the fact that God was reconciling, not on the fact that God was in Christ. God was all through and behind the process of reconciliation. The primary reference of the statement is, no doubt, to God's reconciling manifestation in the incarnation and death of Christ; yet, as a fact, it includes much more. God was engaged in reconciling the world from the very beginning, and that in Christ. See on Joh 1:4, Joh 1:5, Joh 1:9, Joh 1:10.\nHath given to us (\u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd)\nLit., lodged in us.\nWe are ambassadors (\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b2\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd)\nOnly here and Eph 6:10.\nFor\nOmit. It is a later addition, in order to soften the abruptness of the following clauses.\nMade to be sin (\u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd)\nCompare a curse, Gal 3:13. Not a sin-offering, nor a sinner, but the representative of sin. On Him, representatively, fell the collective consequence of sin, in His enduring \"the contradiction of sinners against Himself\" (Heb 12:3), in His agony in the garden, and in His death on the cross.\nWho knew no sin (\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03bc\u1f74 \u03b3\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03bd)\nAlluding to Christ's own consciousness of sinlessness, not to God's estimate of Him. The manner in which this reference is conveyed, it is almost impossible to explain to one unfamiliar with the distinction between the Greek negative particles. The one used here implies the fact of sinlessness as present to the consciousness of the person concerning whom the fact is stated. Compare Joh 8:46.","title":"Vincent's Word Studies: 2 Corinthians: 2 Corinthians Chapter 5","type":"page"}