{"collection":"Bible & Christianity","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/browse/bib/cmt/vws/joh021.htm","path":"bib/cmt/vws/joh021.htm","source_url":"https://sacred-texts.com/bib/cmt/vws/joh021.htm","text":"Vincent's Word Studies, by Marvin R. Vincent, [1886]\nShewed (\u1f10\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd)\nThis rendering might easily convey merely the sense of appearing; but its meaning is much deeper. Occurring frequently in the New Testament, it is used most frequently of God and Christ, or of men in their relation to these. Thus, of Christ in person while upon earth (Mar 16:12, Mar 16:14; Joh 1:31; Joh 2:11; Pe1 1:20; Jo1 1:2). Of the works of Christ (Joh 2:11; Joh 9:3; Jo1 3:5). Of Christ in redemption (Jo1 3:5). Of Christ in His second coming (Jo1 2:28). Of Christ in glory (Jo1 3:2; Col 3:4). It is used of God. Of His revelation to men of the knowledge of Himself (Rom 1:19). Of His manifestation in Christ (Ti1 3:16). Of His righteousness (Rom 3:21). Of His love (Jo1 4:9). It is used of men. As epistles manifesting the character and spirit of Christ (Co2 3:3; Co2 5:11). In the judgment (Co2 5:10). In all these cases the appearing is not merely an appeal to sense, but is addressed to spiritual perception, and contemplates a moral and spiritual effect. It is the setting forth of the law or will or character of God; of the person or work of Christ; of the character or deeds of men, with a view to the disclosure of their quality and to the producing of a moral impression. Rev., manifested.\nSea\nSee on Mat 4:18.\nOf Tiberias\nNot elsewhere in the Gospels. The Synoptists say, Sea of Galilee or Lake of Gennesaret.\nA ship (\u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u1fd6\u03bf\u03bd)\nRev., the boat; restoring the article, which indicates a familiar implement. See on Luk 5:2.\nImmediately\nOmit.\nThat night\nThe emphatic pronoun that (\u1f10\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u1fc3) may indicate that their ill success was unusual.\nCaught (\u1f10\u03c0\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd)\nSo Joh 21:10. The verb means to lay hold of, and is nowhere else used in the New Testament of taking fish. Elsewhere in this Gospel always of the seizure of Christ by the authorities (Joh 7:30, Joh 7:39, Joh 7:44; Joh 8:20; Joh 10:39; Joh 11:57). Of apprehending Peter and Paul (Act 12:4; Co2 11:32). Of the taking of the beast (Rev 19:20). Of taking by the hand (Act 3:7).\nWas come (\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2)\nThe best texts read the present participle, \u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, is coming. Rev., when day was now breaking. The A.V. does not agree so well with the fact that Jesus was not at once recognized by the disciples, owing in part, perhaps, to the imperfect light.\nOn the shore (\u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03b1\u1f30\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03bd)\nRev., beach. See on Mat 13:2. The preposition \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2, to, makes the phrase equivalent to \"Jesus came to the beach and stood there.\"\nChildren (\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03b1)\nOr, little children. Used also by John, in address, twice in the First Epistle (Jo1 2:13, Jo1 2:18), where, however, the more common word is \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bd\u03af\u03b1, little children.\nHave ye any meat (\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5)?\nThe interrogative \u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03b9 indicates that a negative answer is expected: you have not, I suppose, anything. \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd is equivalent to \u1f40\u03c8\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd, what is added to bread at a meal, especially fish. See on Joh 6:9. Only here in the New Testament. Wyc, any supping-thing.\nThe net (\u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03bf\u03bd)\nSee on Mat 4:18; see on Mat 13:47.\nWere not able (\u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f34\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd)\nSee on Luk 14:30; see on Luk 16:3; see on Jam 5:16.\nTo draw (\u1f11\u03bb\u03ba\u1fe6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9)\nInto the boat. Compare \u03c3\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, Joh 21:8, dragging the net behind the boat.\nFisher's coat (\u1f10\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd)\nAn upper garment or blouse. Only here in the New Testament. In the Septuagint, Sa1 18:4, the robe which Jonathan gave to David. Sa2 13:18, the royal virgin garment of Tamar. The kindred verb, \u1f10\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9, occurs twice (Co2 5:2, Co2 5:4), meaning \"to be clothed upon,\" with the house which is from heaven, i.e., clothed as with an upper garment. See on that passage.\nNaked\nNot absolutely, but clothed merely in his undergarment or shirt.\nA little ship (\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u1ff3)\nThe noun is diminutive. Rev., the little boat. It is hardly probable that this refers to a smaller boat accompanying the vessel. Compare the alternation of \u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u1fd6\u03bf\u03bd and \u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd in Joh 6:17, Joh 6:19, Joh 6:21, Joh 6:22, Joh 6:24.\nTwo hundred cubits\nA little over a hundred yards.\nWith fishes (\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f30\u03c7\u03b8\u03cd\u03c9\u03bd)\nOr, the net of the fishes. So Wyc, Rev., full of fishes.\nThey were come to land (\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03b2\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03b3\u1fc6\u03bd)\nNot of the arrival of the boat, but of the going ashore of the boatmen. Rev., therefore, correctly, they got out upon the land.\nA fire of coals\nCharcoal. See Joh 18:18.\nFish (\u1f40\u03c8\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd)\nSee on Joh 6:9.\nBread (\u1f04\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd)\nOr, a loaf. See on Mat 4:1; see on Mat 7:9.\nOf the fish (\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f40\u03c8\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd)\nAs in Joh 21:9. Emphasizing the fish as food.\nYe hate caught (\u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5)\nSee on Joh 21:3. Bengel says: \"By the Lord's gift they had caught them: and yet, He courteously says, that they have caught them.\"\nWent up\nInto the vessel.\nTo land (\u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b3\u1fc6\u03c2)\nStrictly, upon the land.\nGreat fishes\nAll authorities agree as to the abundance of fish in the Lake of Galilee. M. Lortet, cited by Dr. Thomson, says that two castings of the net usually filled his boat. Bethsaida (there were two places of that name on the lake) means House of the Fisheries. The fame of the lake in this particular reached back to very early times; so that, according to the Rabbinical legend, one of the ten fundamental laws laid down by Joshua on the division of the country was, that any one might fish with a hook in the Lake of Galilee, so that they did not interfere with the free passage of boats. The Talmud names certain kinds of fish which might be eaten without being cooked, and designates them as small fishes. So \u1f40\u03c8\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 is rendered in Joh 6:9. Possibly the expression great fishes may imply a contrast with the small fishes which swarmed in the lake, and the salting and pickling of which was a special industry among its fishermen.\nDine (\u1f00\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5)\nRather, breakfast. In Attic Greek \u1f04\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd signified the mid-day meal; the evening meal being known as \u03b4\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c0\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd. The regular hour for the \u1f04\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd cannot be fixed with precision. The drift of authority among Greek writers seems to be in favor of noon. The meal described here, however, evidently took place at an earlier hour, and would seem to have answered more nearly to the \u1f00\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1, or breakfast of the Greeks, which was taken directly upon rising. Plutarch, however, expressly states that both names were applied to the morning meal, and says of Alexander, \"He was accustomed to breakfast (\u1f20\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1) at early dawn, sitting, and to sup (\u1f10\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9) late in the evening.\" In Mat 22:4, it is an \u1f04\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd to which the king's wedding-guests are invited.\nAsk (\u1f10\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1.\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9)\nRev., inquire. Implying careful and precise inquiry. It occurs only three times in the New Testament; of Herod's command to search diligently for the infant Christ (Mat 2:8), and of the apostles' inquiring out the worthy members of a household (Mat 10:11).\nBread - fish\nBoth have the article - the loaf, the fish - apparently pointing to the provision which Jesus himself had made.\nGiveth them\nNothing is said of His partaking Himself. Compare Luk 24:42, Luk 24:43.\nThe third time\nThe two former occasions being recorded in Joh 20:19, Joh 20:26. The appearance to Mary Magdalene is not counted, because the Evangelist expressly says to His disciples.\nSimon, son of Jonas\nCompare Christ's first address to Peter, Joh 1:43. He never addresses him by the name of Peter, while that name is commonly used, either alone or with Simon, in the narrative of the Gospels, and in the Greek form Peter, not the Aramaic Cephas, which, on the other hand, is always employed by Paul. For Jonas read as Rev., John.\nLovest (\u1f00\u03b3\u03b1\u03c0\u1fb6\u03c2)\nJesus uses the more dignified, really the nobler, but, as it seems to Peter, in the ardor of his affection, the colder word for love. See on Joh 5:20.\nMore than these\nMore than these disciples love me. Compare Joh 13:37; Mat 26:33. The question conveys a gentle rebuke for his former extravagant professions.\nI love (\u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u1ff6)\nPeter substitutes the warmer, more affectionate word, and omits all comparison with his fellow-disciples.\nFeed (\u03b2\u03cc\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5)\nSee on Pe1 5:2.\nLambs (\u1f00\u03c1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1)\nDiminutive: little lambs. Godet remarks: \"There is a remarkable resemblance between the present situation and that of the two scenes in the previous life of Peter with which it is related. He had been called to the ministry by Jesus after a miraculous draught of fishes; it is after a similar draught that the ministry is restored to him. He had lost his office by a denial beside a fire of coal; it is beside a fire of coal that he recovers it.\"\nLovest (\u1f00\u03b3\u03b1\u03c0\u1fb7\u03c2)\nAgain the colder word, but more than these is omitted.\nPeter reiterates his former word expressive of personal affection.\nFeed (\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5)\nA different word: tend, as Rev. See on Pe1 5:2.\nSheep (\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1)\nSome of the best texts read \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1, diminutive, little sheep.\nLovest (\u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2)\nHere Jesus adopts Peter's word. Canon Westcott, however, ascribes Peter's use of \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03c9 to his humility, and his hesitation in claiming that higher love which is implied in \u1f00\u03b3\u03b1\u03c0\u1fb7\u03c2. This seems to me to be less natural, and to be refining too much.\nYoung (\u03bd\u03b5\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2)\nLiterally, younger. Peter was apparently of middle age. See Mat 8:14.\nThou girdedst thyself (\u1f10\u03b6\u03ce\u03bd\u03bd\u03c5\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd)\nThe word may have been suggested by Peter's girding his fisher's coat round him. The imperfect tense signifies something habitual. Thou wast wont to clothe thyself and to come and go at will.\nWalkedst (\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2)\nLiterally, walkedst about. Peculiarly appropriate to describe the free activity of vigorous manhood.\nStretch forth thy hands\nThe allusion to the extending of the hands on the cross, which some interpreters have found here, is fanciful. It is merely an expression for the helplessness of age.\nWhither thou wouldest not\nAccording to tradition Peter suffered martyrdom at Rome, and was crucified with his head downward.\nBy what death (\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u1ff3)\nProperly, by what manner of death. So Rev.\nLeaned (\u1f00\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd)\nRev., leaned back. See on Joh 13:25. The reference is to the special act of John, leaning back to whisper to Jesus, and not to his position at table.\nAnd what shall this man do (\u03bf\u1f57\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u03af;)?\nLiterally, and this one what?\nTill I come (\u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9)\nRather, while I am coming. Compare Joh 9:4; Joh 12:35, Joh 12:36; Ti1 4:13.\nWhat is that to thee (\u03c4\u03af \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5;)?\nLiterally, what as concerns thee?\nShould not die (\u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9)\nLiterally, dieth not.\nMany interpreters think that these two verses were written by some other hand than John's. Some ascribe Joh 21:24 and Joh 21:25 to two different writers. The entire chapter, though bearing unmistakable marks of John's authorship in its style and language, was probably composed subsequently to the completion of the Gospel.","title":"Vincent's Word Studies: John: John Chapter 21","type":"page"}