{"collection":"Bible & Christianity","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/browse/bib/cmt/vws/tit003.htm","path":"bib/cmt/vws/tit003.htm","source_url":"https://sacred-texts.com/bib/cmt/vws/tit003.htm","text":"Vincent's Word Studies, by Marvin R. Vincent, [1886]\nPut them in mind (\u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03bc\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5 \u1f10\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2)\nSee on Ti2 2:14, and see on \u1f51\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd reminding, Ti2 1:5.\nPrincipalities and powers (\u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f10\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2)\nOmit and. Principalities which are authorities. \u1f09\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae beginning = that which begins: the leader, principality. See on Col 1:16; see on Jde 1:6; see on Act 10:11. Only here in Pastorals. \u1f19\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 right, authority. See on Mar 2:10; see on Joh 1:12; see on Col 1:16. Only here in Pastorals. For the combination principalities and powers, see on Luk 20:20.\nTo obey magistrates (\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd)\nComp. Act 5:29, Act 5:32; Act 27:21. See on Act 5:29. The idea of magistrates is contained in the word itself; but it is quite proper to render as Rev. to be obedient. Rare in lxx.\nReady to every good work (\u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c0\u1fb6\u03bd \u1f14\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03b3\u03b1\u03b8\u1f78\u03bd \u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9)\nThe phrase N.T.o. \u1f19\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 ready, only here in Pastorals. Comp. \u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 readiness or preparation, Eph 6:15 (note).\nNo brawlers (\u1f00\u03bc\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2)\nBetter as Rev., not to be contentious. See on Ti1 3:3. Pasto.\nDivers - pleasures (\u1f21\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2)\n\u1f29\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd\u03ae pleasure, only here in Pastorals. oP. See on Jam 4:1. For \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2 divers, see on Ti2 3:6.\nMalice (\u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u1fb3)\nOnly here in Pastorals. See on Jam 1:21. In N.T. \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 is a special form of vice, not viciousness in general, as Cicero, Tusc. iv. 15, who explains by \"vitiositas, a viciousness which includes all vices.\" Calvin, on Eph 4:32, defines as \" a viciousness of mind opposed to humanity and fairness, and commonly styled malignity.\" The homily ascribed to Clement of Rome, describes \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 as the forerunner (\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd) of our sins (x). Malice is a correct translation.\nKindness (\u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2)\nOnly here in Pastorals. Elsewhere only in Paul. See on Rom 3:12, and see on easy, Mat 11:30.\nLove (\u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03af\u03b1)\nLove is too vague. It is love toward men; comp. Tit 3:2. Only here and Act 28:2 : \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 kindly, Act 27:3 (note). While it cannot be asserted that the heretical characteristics noted in the Pastoral Epistles point collectively to any specific form of error, it is true, nevertheless, that certain characteristics of the economy of grace are emphasized, which are directly opposed to Gnostic ideas. Thus the exhortation that supplications be made for all men, supported by the statement that God wills that all men should be saved and come to the knowledge of the truth (Ti1 2:1, Ti1 2:4), is in the teeth of the Gnostic distinction between men of spirit and men of matter, and of the Gnostic principle that the knowledge (\u1f10\u03c0\u03af\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2) of truth was only for a limited, intellectual class. To the same effect is the frequent recurrence of all, for all, in connection with the saving and enlightening gifts of God (Ti1 2:6; Ti1 4:10; Ti1 6:13; Tit 2:11). So here: not only has the saving grace of God appeared unto all (Tit 2:11), but it has revealed itself as kindness and love to man as man.\nNot by works of righteousness which we have done (\u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f10\u03be \u1f14\u03c1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u1fc3 \u1f03 \u1f10\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd)\nLit. not by works, those namely in righteousness, which we did. The thought is entirely Pauline. \u1f19\u03be \u1f14\u03c1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd strictly, out of, in consequence of works. \u0395\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u1fc3 in the sphere of righteousness; as legally righteous men. Comp. Eph 2:9. We did emphatic. Comp. Rom 10:5; Gal 3:10, Gal 3:12; Gal 5:3.\nAccording to his mercy (\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f14\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03c2)\nThe phrase only Pe1 1:3. Comp. Rom 15:9; Eph 2:4; Jde 1:21.\nBy the washing of regeneration (\u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2)\n\u039b\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd only here and Eph 5:26. It does not mean the act of bathing, but the bath, the laver. \u03a0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 only here and Mat 19:28, where it is used of the final restoration of all things. The phrase laver of regeneration distinctly refers to baptism, in connection with which and through which as a medium regeneration is conceived as taking place. Comp. Rom 6:3-5. It is true that nothing is said of faith; but baptism implies faith on the part of its recipient. It has no regenerating effect apart from faith; and the renewing of the Holy Spirit is not bestowed if faith be wanting.\nRenewing (\u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2)\nOnly here and Rom 12:2. Comp. Co2 5:7. Paul has \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd to renew, Co2 4:16; Col 3:10 : \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 renewing, Rom 12:2. \u1f09\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd to renew, only Heb 6:6. The connection of the genitive is disputed. Some make it dependent on \u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6 bath, so that the bath of baptism is conceived as implying regeneration and renewing of the Holy Spirit. Others construe with renewing only, \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 being dependent on \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70; through the laver of regeneration and (through) the renewing, etc. The former seems the more probable. The phrase renewing of the Holy Spirit only here. In N.T. the Spirit or the Holy Spirit is joined in the genitive with the following words: comfort, joy, power, love, demonstration, manifestation, earnest, ministration, fellowship, promise, fruit, unity, sword, sanctification.\nShed (\u1f10\u03be\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b5\u03bd)\nOr poured forth. Only here in Pastorals. Most frequent in Revelation. The pouring out of the Spirit is an O.T. metaphor. See Joe 3:1, Joe 3:2, cit. in Act 2:17, Act 2:18; Zac 12:10. In Paul the verb occurs but once, of shedding blood, Rom 3:15, cit.\nBeing justified (\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2)\nIn Pastorals only here and Ti1 3:16 (note). See Introd. VI. Justification is conceived as taking place before the outpouring of the Spirit.\nBy his grace (\u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9)\nBy the grace of Jesus Christ. See Act 15:11; Co2 8:9; Co2 13:14; Rom 5:6; Gal 1:6.\nWe should be made heirs (\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u1ff6\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd)\n\u039a\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 heir only here in Pastorals. A favorite idea of Paul. See Rom 4:13; Rom 8:17; Gal 3:29. Heirship of eternal life is the result of justification. So, clearly, Romans 5. It is attested and confirmed by the Holy Spirit. Co2 5:5; Eph 1:14.\nAccording to the hope of eternal life (\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4' \u1f10\u03bb\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b6\u03c9\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f30\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c5)\nConst. of eternal life with heirs, and rend. heirs of eternal life according to hope. Comp. Rom 4:18; Rom 5:2; Rom 8:24; Gal 5:5; Col 1:5, Col 1:27; Tit 1:2; Pe1 1:3; Jo1 3:2, Jo1 3:3.\nAffirm constantly (\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9)\nPasto. See on Ti1 1:7. Constantly, not continually, but uniformly and consistently. So Book of Common Prayer, \"Collect for Saint John Baptist's Day,\" \"and after his example constantly speak the truth.\" Rend. affirm steadfastly.\nMight be careful (\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd)\nN.T.o. Quite often in lxx. Frequent in Class. To think or consider; hence to take careful thought, ponder, be anxious about.\nTo maintain (\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u0390\u0300\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9)\nMostly in Pastorals, and usually in the sense of ruling, as Rom 12:8; Th1 5:12; Ti1 3:4, Ti1 3:5. The sense here is to be forward in.\nProfitable (\u1f60\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1)\nPasto. olxx. Comp. Ti1 4:8; Ti2 3:16.\nFoolish questions, etc.\nSee on Ti2 2:23. For genealogies see on Ti1 1:4.\nStrivings about the law (\u03bc\u03ac\u03c7\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u1f70\u03c2)\nThe phrase N.T.o. Comp. Ti1 1:7. \u039d\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 mostly in Luke. Everywhere except here a lawyer, with the article or \u03c4\u1f76\u03c2.\nUnprofitable (\u1f00\u03bd\u03c9\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2)\nOnly here and Heb 7:18.\nVain (\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9)\nOnly here in Pastorals. Twice in Paul, Co1 3:20, cit.; Co1 15:17 (note). Very frequent in lxx. The sense is aimless or resultless, as \u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f50\u03c7\u03ae a prayer which cannot obtain fulfilment. The questions, genealogies, etc., lead to no attainment or advancement in godliness. Comp. \u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 jangling, Ti1 1:6; \u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03b9 vain talkers, Ti1 1:10; \u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 vanity, Rom 8:20; Eph 4:17; \u1f10\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd were made vain, Rom 1:21; \u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd in vain, Mat 15:9.\nA man that is an heretic (\u03b1\u1f31\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1f78\u03bd \u1f04\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd)\n\u1f09\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 heretical, N.T.o. For \u03b1\u1f35\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 heresy see on Pe1 2:1.\nAdmonition (\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03bd)\nOnly here, Co1 10:11; Eph 6:4 (note). See on \u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd to admonish, Act 20:31.\nIs subverted (\u1f10\u03be\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9)\nN.T.o. More than turned away from the right path: rather, turned inside out. Comp. lxx, Deu 32:20.\nSinneth (\u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9)\nSee on Jo1 1:9; see on Mat 1:21, and see on trespasses, Mat 6:14.\nCondemned of himself (\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2)\nBetter as Rev., self-condemned. N.T.o. olxx, oClass.\nNicopolis\nThere were several cities of this name, one in Cilicia, one in Thrace, and one in Epirus. It is uncertain which one is meant here.\nTo winter (\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9)\nComp. Act 27:12; Act 28:11; Co1 16:6. The noun \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 wintering, Act 27:12.\nOurs (\u1f21\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9)\nOur brethren in Crete.\nFor necessary uses (\u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2)\nThe phrase N.T.o. With reference to whatever occasion may demand them.\nUnfruitful (\u1f04\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9)\nOnly here in Pastorals. In Paul, Co1 14:14; Eph 5:11. Not only in supplying the needs, but in cultivating Christian graces in themselves by acts of Christian service.\nThem that love us in the faith (\u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f21\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9)\nBetter, in faith. The phrase N.T.o. \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd to love, only here in Pastorals, and in Paul, only Co1 16:22. See on \u1f00\u03b3\u03ac\u03c0\u03b7 love, Gal 5:22. Const. in faith with that love us.","title":"Vincent's Word Studies: Titus: Titus Chapter 3","type":"page"}