{"collection":"cfu","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/browse/cfu/cair/cair11.htm","path":"cfu/cair/cair11.htm","source_url":"https://sacred-texts.com/cfu/cair/cair11.htm","text":"Confucianism and Its Rivals, by Herbert A. Giles, [1915]\nAbraham, 243.\nAbu Giafar, 223.\nActa Archelai, 191.\nAdam (substitute for), 243.\nAgriculture, 126.\nAlchemy, 144.\nAllegory, 140.\nAnalects, or Lun Y\u00fc, 67, 135, 184.\nAncestral worship, 17, 93; (R. Catholic disputes over), 247; (K\u2018ang Hsi on), 248; (an obstacle to Christianity), 262.\nAnnals of Lu, 43.\nAnswers to God Questions, 113.\nAnthropomorphism, 9, 91; (rejected by Wang Ch\u2018ung), 159.\nAstrologers (Saracen and Christian), 197.\nAugurs and their responses, 26 seq., 45; (the Grand), 59.\nBalfour, A. J. (on God), 264.\nBanquets (after worship), 20;\n(spiritual and material), 40.\nBible (poor translations of), 255; (delegates\u2019 version), 256; (adequate translation still wanting), 257.\nBirth (mankind good at), 83; (a pre-Confucian dogma), 83; (denied by Kao), 96; (established by Mencius), 97-100; (opposed by Hs\u00fcn), Too; (Yang Hsiung's view), 152; (discussed by Chu Fu Tz\u016d), 236.\nB\u00f4dhidharma (arrival of), 205; (his supernatural powers), 206; (his teachings), 206.\nBowdlerism, 19.\nBuckle, H. T., 9.\nBuddhachinga arrives, 168.\nBuddhism (first appearance), 165; (Chinese mission to India), 167; (gaining ground), 168, 173; (rivalry with Taoism), 173; (creed of), 174; (in favour at Court), 177; (Emperor lectures on), 205; (attempt to combine with Taoism), 207; (prohibition of), 208; (a bone of Buddha), 212; (denounced by Han W\u00ean-kung), 212; (suppression of monasteries), 221; (revival of the faith), 221; (its Trinity in Unity), 238; (borrowings from Taoist philosophers), 238.\n\"Burning of the Books,\" 119, 152.\nBurying alive, 119; (how suppressed), 50, 51.\nCalendars, 78.\nCanon of Poetry. See Odes.\nCanonization (liable to be cancelled), 230.\nCensor with Iron Face (his belief in God), 228.\nChang Tao-ling (first Taoist Pope), 178.\nChanges. See Canon.\nChavannes, Professor E., 25, 120.\nCh\u00ean Sh\u00ean (term for God), 256.\nCh\u2018\u00ean Tz\u00fb-ang (his objection to idols), 208.\nCh\u2018\u00eang Hao (his repression of superstition), 229.\nCh\u2018\u00eang T\u2018ang, 15.\nChow, Duke of, 6.\nChows, the, 11, 23, 25, 29, 33.\nChrist (letter from), 225.\nChristianity (Manich\u00e6an), 190; (Nestorian), 196; (flourishing), 204; (a heresy), 252; (its growth disappointing), 260; (its obstacles in China), 262.\nChu Fu Tz\u016d (= Chu Hsi), 184; (his career and death), 233; (and Canon of Changes), 234; (his rejection of God), 234; (his cosmogony), 235; (on man's nature), 236; (on Buddhism and Taoism), 237, 239.\nCh\u2018\u00fc P\u2018ing (his suicide), 107; (allusions to God), 108; (search for Truth), 109; (God Questions), 110; (faith in divination), 113.\nChuang Tz\u016d, 38; (apostle of Lao Tz\u016d), 130; (opposed to Confucianism), 131; (on the soul), 132; (his Unity), 132; (butterfly dream), 133; (God), 133; (heterodox), 137.\nComets, 53.\nCommentary, the, 43.\nConfucian Canon, 2.\nConfucianism (interpretation of term), 19; (more practical than Christianity), 85; (denounced by Wang Ch\u2018ung), 153-155 (its first Temple), 181, 183; (necessary to man), 209; (based on revelation), 258; (re-establishment of), 263.\nConfucius, 5, 11, 19, 43, 44; (taken prisoner), 45; (no revelation granted to), 65; (eulogy of), 66; (his belief in God and in a divine mission), 67, 68; (known to God), 68; (knows the ford), 69; (subjects forbidden by), 69; (his six ages), 69; (on the Golden Age), 71; (his love of truth), 72; (on spirits), 74; (his earnestness in sacrificing), 76; (his rules as to presents), 78; (on militarism), 79; (fasting), 79; (on prayer), 80; (his attitude to mourners and blind people), 81; (on length of mourning), 82; (disciples\u2019 opinion of), 87; (birthplace of), 179, 227; (regarded as a god), 251; (actually made a god), 258.\nContraries without antagonism, 133.\nCoral-branch of magician, 108.\nCreation not the work of God, 157.\nDances (in Confucian Temple), 186; (not mere posturing), 188\nDeath (Confucius on), 74.\nDharmad\u00e2tu, 211.\nDiagrams (Eight), 3.\nDiamond S\u00fbtra, 169 seq.; (and Manich\u00e6ism), 191, 195.\nDiseases, 57.\nDivination, 25; (an example of), 26; (not mentioned by Confucius), 79.\nDivine right, 21.\nDivorce, 117.\nDoctrine of the Mean, 88, 184.\nDominicans, 247.\nDouglas, R. K., 6.\nDrought, 53.\nDuality in Unity, 38.\nEar-plugs, 108.\nEarthquakes, 55.\nEast as source of life, 122.\nEclipses, 31; (are messages from God), 52, 180.\nElixir of life, 144; (ridiculed by Wang Ch\u2018ung), 163; (overdose of), 217, 221.\nExorcism, futility of, 164.\nFa Hsien travels to India, 172.\nFaith essential in worship, 58.\nFamine, 53.\nF\u00eang and Shan sacrifices, 124.\nFeudal Age, 25, 63; (end of), 118.\nFirst Cause, 131.\n\"First Emperor,\" 118; (ascends Mt. T\u2018ai), 120.\nFloods, 54.\nForgeries (literary), 119.\nFour subjects on which Confucius would not speak, 69.\nFranciscans, 247.\nFu I (denounces Buddhism), 207, 208.\nGenghis Khan, 197.\nGobharana arrives, 167.\nGod, 1; (unjust and unkind), 22; (speaks to King W\u00ean), 31; (to rank before Hou Chi), 35 (angry and oppressive), 42; (fear of), 46; (estimate of by Confucius), 71; (does not speak), 73, 225; (is Truth), 86; (will of), 70, 90; (how to serve), 95; (questions put to), I Io; (answers furnished), 113; (as conceived of by Chuang Tz\u016d), 133; (not the Creator), 157; (as conceived of by Wang Ch\u2018ung), 162; (third Person in Taoist Trinity), 176; (name in Mazdaism), 190; (letter from), 225; (Su Tung-p\u2018o and), 230; (waning belief in), 233; (becomes an abstraction), 235 (where to be found), 240; (reference to in Sacred Edict), 251; (a world without), 264.\nGods (the five family), 126.\nGolden Rule, 85.\nGood for evil (ordered by Lao Tz\u016d), 148; (denounced by Confucius), 149.\nGrave-mounds, 115.\nHan Fei Tz\u016d, 135.\nHan W\u00ean-kung (denounces relic of Buddha), 212; (his belief in God), 214, 217; (attitude to Taoism), 218, 219. Harun-al-Raschid (sent a mission), 224.\nHeart, man's (careful treatment of), 142.\nH\u00eenay\u00e2na, 168.\nHopkins, L. C., 10.\nHou Chi, 33; (his virgin birth), 34; (not to take precedence of God), 35.\nHoveden, Roger of, 225.\nHs\u00fc Kuang-ch\u2018i (converted), 247.\nHs\u00fcan Tsang (journey to India), 210; (narrative of his travels), 211.\nHs\u00fcn Tz\u016d, 11; (on the nature of man), 100; (his view of God's limitations), 102; (against superstition), 102.\nHuai-nan, Prince of (on Tao), 142; (records a miracle), 144.\nHui (the favourite disciple), 72; (grief of Confucius at death of), 72; (his image in Temple), 183; (eulogy by Emperor), 225.\nHuns, 15.\nIdols (foreign to Confucianism), 209.\nImpersonator of the dead, 39.\nInaction (doctrine of), 141, 143.\nIncense, 16.\nInfinite Absolute=God, 133; (= Tao), 136.\nInspiration (divine), 86.\nJesuit Fathers (on music), 187; (arrival of) 247; (on God), 247; (on ancestral worship), 248; (to be made use of by Chinese), 252.\nJews (arrive in China), 241; (inscribed tablet), 243; (borrow Tao), 244; (date of arrival certain), 244.\nJonah and the whale, 66.\nJudaism (similarity to Confucianism), 245.\nJulien, St, 200.\nK\u2018ai-f\u00eang Fu (Jewish colony), 241; (portions of the Old Testament found), 242.\nK\u2018ang Hsi, the Emperor (his Sacred Edict), 250.\nKao, the philosopher (his view of man's nature), 96, 97.\nK\u00e2shiapm\u00e2danga arrives, 167.\nKu-liang (his commentary), 54; (prayer for), 62.\nKuan Yin (hearer of prayers), 173; (as the Madonna), 175.\nKublai Khan, 245.\nKum\u00e2raj\u00eeva arrives, 168; (success as preacher and translator), 169.\nKun (failed to abate the Flood), 111.\nK\u2018ung Chi, 88.\nLacouperie, T. de, 6.\nLan Lu-chou (on Roman Catholicism), 254.\nLao Tz\u016d, 129; (his virgin birth), 129; (not mentioned by Confucius), 130; (the Tao of), 135; (book attributed to him), 146; (first Person of Taoist Trinity), 176.\nLegge, Dr, 6, 11, 24; (Nestorian Tablet), 203.\nLieh Tz\u00fb, 165.\nLife everlasting, 40.\nLin, the, 187.\nLiu Tsung-y\u00fcan (his God Answers), 113; (Buddhistic leanings), 215.\nLocusts, 54.\nLove one another, 85.\nLuminous Doctrine, 196.\nLun H\u00eang, or Animadversions, 153.\nMah\u00e2y\u00e2na, 168; (its alleged borrowings from the Gnostics), 169, 174.\nMahometanism (arrival of), 222; (under Kublai Khan), 245; (exceptional treatment), 259.\nManchu dynasty, 247; (Its attitude to religion), 249.\nManich\u00e6ism, 190; (its dualistic theology), 190; (opening words of treatise), 191; (part played by the Holy Ghost), 192; Diamond S\u00fbtra, 195.\nMarco Polo, 197; (Nestorian Christians), 198.\nMarga = Tao, 135.\nMazdaism, 190.\nMedium, spiritual, 109.\nMencius, 13; (on original goodness), 83, 96, 97-100; (the Second Inspired One), 88; (his teachings), 89; (his belief in God), 90; (denunciation of Yang Chu and Mo Ti), 104.\nMing dynasty (its fall), 247.\nMiracles (Taoist), 144; (Buddhist), 173, 229.\nMo Ti (his altruism), 104, 107.\nMongol dynasty, 245.\nMorality more important than sacrifices, 164.\nMorrison, Dr, 12.\nMoses, 244.\nMosques in Canton, 223.\nMother-in-law insulted, 117.\nMoule, Mr A. C. (Nestorian Tablet), 201, 203.\nMourning (sincerity in), 80; (for parents), 81, 82; (national), 82; (Confucius shocked by disregard of), 82; (exaggeration in), 115.\nMurmurings against God, 42.\nMusic (from B.C. 126), 186; (opinion of Jesuits), 187.\nN\u00e2g\u00e2rjuna (founder of the Mah\u00e2y\u00e2na school), 169.\nNatural phenomena, 31.\nNature (man's). See Birth (personified).\nNature worship, 120.\nNestorian Tablet (discovery of), 199; (inscription), 200; (denounced as a forgery), 200; (its genuineness established), 200; (its purport and style), 200; (its disappearance), 204.\nNestorianism, 196; (and Genghis Khan), 197; (its customs and churches), 198; (and Kublai Khan), 199; (Emperors who supported it), 204; (displaced by orthodox Christianity), 246.\nNeumann, 200.\nNoah's Ark, 4. See Deluge.\nNothing, efficacy of, 143.\nOaths, 44; (forced), 45; (used by Confucius), 71.\nOdes, the, 19, 20; (mistranslated), 24, 41; (Confucius on), 83.\nOne = Infinite Absolute, 133; (man and God are), 135; (how to be One with the Infinite), 135.\nOriginal goodness, 83.\nOriginal sin, 84.\nPaley anticipated, 45.\nP\u2018an Ku (second Person of Taoist Trinity), 176; (as Adam), 243.\nPao Yung (filial piety of), 117.\nParthenogenesis, 34; (of Lao Tz\u016d), 129.\nPelliot, Professor, 190.\nPeople, the (importance of), 94.\nPh\u0153nix, 65.\nPo-yu (spiritual appearance of), 61.\nPope (Taoist), 177; (R. Catholic), 247; (raised to rank of Emperor), 260.\nPrayers, 37; (for rain), 53; (as understood by Confucius), 80; (to Mt. T\u2018ai), 120, 227; (no family), 261; (to spirits), 261; (for the Republic), 262.\nPrester John, 197.\nPrometheus (a Chinese), 2.\nPropriety, 46.\nProtestant missionaries (arrive), 255; (attitude on the Term Question), 255; (less feared than R. Catholics), 260.\nProverbs, 13.\nQuestioning God, 110.\nRain (prayers for), 53, 62; (of rice, etc.), 55; (Arbour to), 232.\nRainbows, 56\nReligious influences at the present day, 260.\nRenan, 200.\nRicci (and Judaism), 241; (arrival of), 247; (his attack on Buddhism), 247; (wrong attitude towards ancestral worship), 247.\nRiver Plan, 8.\nRoman Catholicism, 252.\nRuler (the good), 21.\nSacred Edict, 250; (God in the), 251; (Christianity, Buddhism, and Taoism reprobated), 252; (a blow to Christianity), 254.\nSacrifices, 14, 16, 47; (of grain), 35; (human), 48; (meaning of the great), 76; (to the spirit of a foreigner), 77; (valued by Confucius), 79; (in the Confucian Temple), 186.\nSang Hu (death of), 138.\nShang Ti (= T\u2018ien), 12; (= God active and personal), 37; (subordinate to T\u2018ien), 158; (term favoured by Jesuits), 248; (also by some Protestants), 256.\nShao Yung (and Canon of Changes), 234; (and God), 240.\nSh\u00ean or Shin (a term for God), 12.\nShih-li-fang (miraculous delivery of), 166.\nShun, 16.\nShuo W\u00ean, 10.\nSincerity, 16; (in mourning), 80.\nSinew (removing the), 242.\nSky, the, 1.\nSoil (god of the), 126; (his altar may not be covered), 127.\nSon of Heaven (= Son of God), 9, 21, 44.\nSoul (supra- and sub-liminal), 61; (suggested by Chuang Tz\u016d), 132; (a vital fluid), 160.\nSpencer, Herbert, 133.\nSpirits, 14, 58, 73, 74; (of hills and streams),16; (invisible), 59; (in human form have no shadow), 59; (manifested), 74; (present at sacrifices), 76; (how defined), 94; (of land and grain), 94; (Wang Ch\u2018ung denies existence of), 161.\nSprings and Autumns, the, 43, 52.\nSs\u016d-ma Ch\u2018ien, 5; (his eulogy of Confucius), 66; (on Lao Tz\u016d), 146.\nSu Tung-p\u2018o (his expulsion from Temple), 230; (his allusions to God), 231, 232.\nSun goes back in the sky, 144.\nSuovetaurilia, 189.\nS\u00fbtra of Forty-two Sections, 167.\nT\u2018ai K\u2018ang, 39.\nT\u2018ai, Mt. (its divine character), 120; (ascents of), 120, 123, 124, 226.\nT\u2018an Kung (on mourning), 115.\nT'ang, or Ch'\u00eang T'ang, 15; (called the Completer), 127.\nTao (God dependent on),135; (= the Infinite), 136; (untranslatable), 136; (defined), 136; (cannot be taught), 136; (how to be known), 141; (debased), 145; (cannot speak), 238.\nTao T\u00ea Ching, 147; (rejected by native critics), 147; (ridiculed by Po Ch\u00fc-i), 148; (good for evil), 148; (maxims in), 149; (God in), 149.\nTaoism, 38, 151; (development of), 163; (rivalry with Buddhism), 173; (copies Buddhist ceremonial), 176; (its Papacy), 177;\n[paragraph continues] (its Trinity), 176; (of two forms), 178; (Emperor preaches on), 181; (attempt to combine with Buddhism), 207; (prohibition of), 208.\nTemple, Confucian, 181; (described), 183; (admission to and dismissal from), 184, 185; (symbolism of ceremonial), 189.\nTemple of Heaven, 263.\nThree (things which inspire awe), 72; (topics cautiously treated by Confucius), 79; (Pure Ones), 238, 239; (religions), 251.\nThunder (god of), 81; (no connexion with God), 8,.\nT\u2018ien (= God), 9, 22; (God passive and impersonal), 37; has authority over Shang Ti), 158; (degraded to an abstraction), 235; (ranked below Taoist Trinity), 239; (term adopted by Jews), 241; (term favoured by Jesuits and by K\u2018ang Hsi), 248.\nT\u2018ien chu (India), 242.\nT\u2018ien Chu, or Lord of Heaven, 242; (Dominican and Franciscan term for God), 249; (Papal decree in favour of), 249.\nTranslations into Chinese (how made), 257.\nTrinity (of Buddhism), 174, 238; (of Taoism), 176, 239; (of Christianity not mentioned in the Bible), 261.\nTs\u00eang Ts\u2018an, 184.\nTso-ch\u2018iu Ming, 43.\nTz\u016d-yu, 115.\nUnitarian worship (should be restored), 264.\nUnity, Trinity in (of Buddhism), 175.\nVirgin and child, 175.\nVissi\u00e8re, Professor A., 224.\nVoltaire, 200.\nWahb-Abi-Kabcha, 222.\nWang An-shih (his expulsion from Temple), 230.\nWang Ch\u2018in-jo (letter from God), 225.\nWang Ch\u2018ung, 152; (opposes Confucianism), 153-155; (on God), 157; (rejects divination and anthropomorphism), 159; (on spirits), 160; (futility of sacrifice and prayer), 163; (elixir of life), 163; (wizards and priests), 164; (morality the essential), 164; (a materialist), 164.\nWaterland, Dr, 37.\nW\u00ean, King, 4, 23; (addressed by God), 31.\nWendover, Roger of, 225.\nWest (divine teacher in the), 165.\nWisdom (defined), 74.\nWitches and wizards (burning), 53; (have no real power), 163.\nWomen officials, 181.\nWu Ti (his ascent of Mt. T\u2018ai), 123.\nWylie, Mr A., 203.\nYang Chu (his egoism), 104.\nYang Hsiung (on man's nature), 152.\nYao and Shun, 13; (Yao inferior to God); 71.\nYao Ch\u2018a (devotion to Buddhism), 209.\nYellow Emperor, 141.\nYellow River (sacrifice to), 58.\nYen Hui. See Hui.\nYin and Yang (diagram), 4.\nY\u00fc, the Great, 7.\nZoroaster, 189.","title":"Confucianism and Its Rivals: Index","type":"page"}