{"collection":"cfu","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/browse/cfu/cfu.htm","path":"cfu/cfu.htm","source_url":"https://sacred-texts.com/cfu/cfu.htm","text":"THE CHINESE CLASSICS\nwith a translation, critical and exegetical\nnotes, prolegomena, and copious indexes\nby\nJames Legge\nIN FIVE VOLUMES\nCONFUCIAN ANALECTS\nTHE GREAT LEARNING\nTHE DOCTRINE OF THE MEAN\n\u8ad6\u8a9e\nCONFUCIAN ANALECTS.\n\u5b78\u800c\u7b2c\u4e00\nBOOK I. HSIO R.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\n\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001 \u5b78\u800c\u6642\u7fd2\u4e4b\u3001\u4e0d\u4ea6\u8aaa\u4e4e\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u6709\u670b\u81ea\u9060\u65b9\u4f86\u3001\u4e0d\u4ea6\u6a02\n\u4e4e\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u4eba\u4e0d\u77e5\u800c\u4e0d\u614d\u3001\u4e0d\u4ea6\u541b\u5b50\u4e4e\u3002\nCHAPTER I. 1. The Master said, 'Is it not pleasant to learn\nwith a constant perseverance and application?\n2. 'Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant\nquarters?'\n3. 'Is he not a man of complete virtue, who feels no\ndiscomposure though men may take no note of him?'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u6709\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5176\u70ba\u4eba\u4e5f\u5b5d\u5f1f\u3001\u800c\u597d\u72af\u4e0a\u8005\u9bae\u77e3\u3001\u4e0d\u597d\u72af\u4e0a\u3001\n\u800c\u597d\u4f5c\u4e82\u8005\u3001\u672a\u4e4b\u6709\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u541b\u5b50\u52d9\u672c\u3001\u672c\u7acb\u3001\u800c\u9053\u751f\u3001\u5b5d\nCHAP. II. 1. The philosopher Yu said, 'They are few who,\nbeing filial and fraternal, are fond of offending against their\nsuperiors. There have been none, who, not liking to offend\nagainst their superiors, have been fond of stirring up confusion.\n2. 'The superior man bends his attention to what is\nradical.\n\u5f1f\u4e5f\u8005\u3001\u5176\u70ba\u4ec1\u4e4b\u672c\u8207\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5de7\u8a00\u4ee4\u8272\u3001\u9bae\u77e3\u4ec1\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u66fe\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u543e\u65e5\u4e09\u7701\u543e\u8eab\u3001\u70ba\u4eba\u8b00\u3001\u800c\u4e0d\u5fe0\u4e4e\u3001\u8207\u670b\u53cb\u4ea4\u3001\u800c\u4e0d\u4fe1\n\u4e4e\u3001\u50b3\u4e0d\u7fd2\u4e4e\u3002\nThat being established, all practical courses naturally grow up.\nFilial piety and fraternal submission!-- are they not the root of\nall benevolent actions?'\nCHAP. III. The Master said, 'Fine words and an\ninsinuating appearance are seldom associated with true virtue.'\nCHAP. IV. The philosopher Tsang said, 'I daily examine\nmyself on three points:-- whether, in transacting business for\nothers, I may have been not faithful;-- whether, in intercourse\nwith friends, I may have been not sincere;-- whether I may\nhave not mastered and practised the instructions of my\nteacher.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u9053\u5343\u4e58\u4e4b\u570b\u3001\u656c\u4e8b\u800c\u4fe1\u3001\u7bc0\u7528\u800c\u611b\u4eba\u3001\u4f7f\u6c11\u4ee5\u6642\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5f1f\u5b50\u3001\u5165\u5247\u5b5d\u3001\u51fa\u5247\u5f1f\u3001\u8b39\u800c\u4fe1\u3001\u51e1\u611b\u773e\u3001\u800c\u89aa\u4ec1\u3001\u884c\u6709\n\u9918\u529b\u3001\u5247\u4ee5\u5b78\u6587\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u590f\u66f0\u3001\u8ce2\u8ce2\u6613\u8272\u3001\u4e8b\u7236\u6bcd\u3001\u80fd\u7aed\u5176\u529b\u3001\u4e8b\u541b\u3001\u80fd\u81f4\u5176\u8eab\u3001\nCHAP. V. The Master said, To rule a country of a thousand\nchariots, there must be reverent attention to business, and\nsincerity; economy in expenditure, and love for men; and the\nemployment of the people at the proper seasons.'\nCHAP. VI. The Master said, 'A youth, when at home,\nshould be filial, and, abroad, respectful to his elders. He should\nbe earnest and truthful. He should overflow in love to all, and\ncultivate the friendship of the good. When he has time and\nopportunity, after the performance of these things, he should\nemploy them in polite studies.'\nCHAP. VII. Tsze-hsia said, 'If a man withdraws his mind\nfrom the love of beauty, and applies it as sincerely to the love\nof the virtuous; if, in serving his parents, he can exert his\nutmost strength;\n\u8207\u670b\u53cb\u4ea4\u3001\u8a00\u800c\u6709\u4fe1\u3001\u96d6\u66f0\u672a\u5b78\u3001\u543e\u5fc5\u8b02\u4e4b\u5b78\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4e0d\u91cd\u3001\u5247\u4e0d\u5a01\u3001\u5b78\u5247\u4e0d\u56fa\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u4e3b\u5fe0\u4fe1\u3002\n\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u7121\u53cb\u4e0d\u5982\u5df1\u8005\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u904e\u5247\u52ff\u619a\u6539\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u66fe\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u614e\u7d42\u8ffd\u9060\u3001\u6c11\u5fb7\u6b78\u539a\u77e3\u3002\nif, in serving his prince, he can devote his life; if, in his\nintercourse with his friends, his words are sincere:-- although\nmen say that he has not learned, I will certainly say that he\nhas.'\nCHAP. VIII. 1. The Master said, 'If the scholar be not\ngrave, he will not call forth any veneration, and his learning\nwill not be solid.\n2. 'Hold faithfulness and sincerity as first principles.\n3. 'Have no friends not equal to yourself.\n4. 'When you have faults, do not fear to abandon them.'\nCHAP. IX. The philosopher Tsang said, 'Let there be a\ncareful attention to perform the funeral rites to parents, and let\nthem be followed when long gone with the ceremonies of\nsacrifice;-- then the virtue of the people will resume its proper\nexcellence.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u79bd\u554f\u65bc\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u592b\u5b50\u81f3\u65bc\u662f\u90a6\u4e5f\u3001\u5fc5\u805e\u5176\u653f\u3001\u6c42\u4e4b\u8207\u3001\n\u6291\u8207\u4e4b\u8207\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u592b\u5b50\u6eab\uff64\u826f\uff64\u606d\uff64\u5109\uff64\u8b93\u3001\u4ee5\u5f97\u4e4b\u3001\u592b\u5b50\u4e4b\u6c42\n\u4e4b\u4e5f\u3001\u5176\u8af8\u7570\u4e4e\u4eba\u4e4b\u6c42\u4e4b\u8207\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7236\u5728\u3001\u89c0\u5176\u5fd7\u3001\u7236\u6c92\u3001\u89c0\u5176\u884c\u3001\u4e09\u5e74\u7121\u6539\u65bc\u7236\u4e4b\u9053\u3001\u53ef\u8b02\n\u5b5d\u77e3\u3002\nCHAP. X. 1. Tsze-ch'in asked Tsze-kung, saying, 'When our\nmaster comes to any country, he does not fail to learn all about\nits government. Does he ask his information? or is it given to\nhim?'\n2. Tsze-kung said, 'Our master is benign, upright,\ncourteous, temperate, and complaisant, and thus he gets his\ninformation. The master's mode of asking information!-- is it\nnot different from that of other men?'\nCHAP. XI. The Master said, 'While a man's father is alive,\nlook at the bent of his will; when his father is dead, look at his\nconduct. If for three years he does not alter from the way of\nhis father, he may be called filial.'\n\u3010\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u6709\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u79ae\u4e4b\u7528\u3001\u548c\u70ba\u8cb4\u3001\u5148\u738b\u4e4b\u9053\u3001\u65af\u70ba\u7f8e\uff1b\u5c0f\u5927\u7531\n\u4e4b\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u884c\u3001\u77e5\u548c\u800c\u548c\u3001\u4e0d\u4ee5\u79ae\u7bc0\u4e4b\u3001\u4ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u884c\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u6709\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4fe1\u8fd1\u65bc\u7fa9\u3001\u8a00\u53ef\u5fa9\u4e5f\u3001\u606d\u8fd1\u65bc\u79ae\u3001\u9060\u6065\u8fb1\u4e5f\u3001\u56e0\u4e0d\u5931\u5176\n\u89aa\u3001\u4ea6\u53ef\u5b97\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u98df\u7121\u6c42\nCHAP. XII. 1. The philosopher Yu said, 'In practising the rules of\npropriety, a natural ease is to be prized. In the ways prescribed\nby the ancient kings, this is the excellent quality, and in things\nsmall and great we follow them.\n2. 'Yet it is not to be observed in all cases. If one, knowing\nhow such ease should be prized, manifests it, without\nregulating it by the rules of propriety, this likewise is not to be\ndone.'\nCHAP. XIII. The philosopher Yu said, 'When agreements\nare made according to what is right, what is spoken can be\nmade good. When respect is shown according to what is proper,\none keeps far from shame and disgrace. When the parties upon\nwhom a man leans are proper persons to be intimate with, he\ncan make them his guides and masters.'\nCHAP. XIV. The Master said, 'He who aims to be a man of\ncomplete virtue in his food does not seek to gratify his\nappetite, nor\n\u98fd\u3001\u5c45\u7121\u6c42\u5b89\u3001\u654f\u65bc\u4e8b\u3001\u800c\u614e\u65bc\u8a00\u3001\u5c31\u6709\u9053\u3001\u800c\u6b63\u7109\u3001\u53ef\u8b02\u597d\u5b78\u4e5f\u5df2\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u8ca7\u3001\u800c\u7121\u8ac2\u3001\u5bcc\u800c\u7121\u9a55\u3001\u4f55\u5982\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u53ef\u4e5f\u3001\u672a\n\u82e5\u8ca7\u800c\u6a02\u3001\u5bcc\u800c\u597d\u79ae\u8005\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u8a69\u4e91\u3001\u5982\u5207\u5982\u78cb\u3001\u5982\u7422\u5982\u78e8\u3001\n\u5176\u65af\u4e4b\u8b02\u8207\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8cdc\u4e5f\u3001\u59cb\u53ef\u8207\u8a00\u8a69\nin his dwelling place does he seek the appliances of ease; he is\nearnest in what he is doing, and careful in his speech; he\nfrequents the company of men of principle that he may be\nrectified:-- such a person may be said indeed to love to learn.'\nCHAP. XV. 1. Tsze-kung said, 'What do you pronounce\nconcerning the poor man who yet does not flatter, and the rich\nman who is not proud?' The Master replied, 'They will do; but\nthey are not equal to him, who, though poor, is yet cheerful,\nand to him, who, though rich, loves the rules of propriety.'\n2. Tsze-kung replied, 'It is said in the Book of Poetry, \"As\nyou cut and then file, as you carve and then polish.\"-- The\nmeaning is the same, I apprehend, as that which you have just\nexpressed.'\n3. The Master said, 'With one like Ts'ze, I can begin to\ntalk\n\u5df2\u77e3\u3001\u544a\u8af8\u5f80\u800c\u77e5\u4f86\u8005\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u60a3\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e0d\u5df1\u77e5\u3001\u60a3\u4e0d\u77e5\u4eba\u4e5f\u3002\nabout the odes. I told him one point, and he knew its proper\nsequence.'\nCHAP. XVI. The Master said, 'I will not be afflicted at\nmen's not knowing me; I will be afflicted that I do not know\nmen.'\n\u70ba\u653f\u7b2c\u4e8c\nBOOK II. WEI CHANG.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u70ba\u653f\u4ee5\u5fb7\u3001\u8b6c\u5982\u5317\u8fb0\u3001\u5c45\u5176\u6240\u3001\u800c\u773e\u661f\u5171\u4e4b\u3002\nCHAP. I. The Master said, 'He who exercises government\nby means of his virtue may be compared to the north polar\nstar, which keeps its place and all the stars turn towards it.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8a69\u4e09\u767e\u3001\u4e00\u8a00\u4ee5\u853d\u4e4b\u3001\u66f0\u3001\u601d\u7121\u90aa\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u9053\u4e4b\u4ee5\u653f\u3001\u9f4a\u4e4b\u4ee5\u5211\u3001\u6c11\u514d\u800c\u7121\u6065\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u9053\n\u4e4b\u4ee5\u5fb7\u3001\u9f4a\u4e4b\u4ee5\u79ae\u3001\u6709\u6065\u4e14\u683c\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u543e\u5341\u6709\u4e94\u800c\u5fd7\u4e8e\u5b78\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u4e09\u5341\u800c\u7acb\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\n\u56db\u5341\u800c\u4e0d\u60d1\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u4e94\nCHAP. II. The Master said, 'In the Book of Poetry are\nthree hundred pieces, but the design of them all may be\nembraced in one sentence-- \"Having no depraved thoughts.\"'\nCHAP. III. 1. The Master said, 'If the people be led by\nlaws, and uniformity sought to be given them by punishments,\nthey will try to avoid the punishment, but have no sense of\nshame.\n2. 'If they be led by virtue, and uniformity sought to be\ngiven them by the rules of propriety, they will have the sense\nof shame, and moreover will become good.'\nCHAP. IV. 1. The Master said, 'At fifteen, I had my mind\nbent on learning.\n2. 'At thirty, I stood firm.\n3. 'At forty, I had no doubts.\n4. 'At fifty, I knew the decrees of Heaven.\n\u5341\u800c\u77e5\u5929\u547d\u3002\u3010\u4e94\u7bc0\u3011\u516d\u5341\u800c\u8033\u9806\u3002\u3010\u4e94\u7bc0\u3011\u4e03\u5341\u800c\u5f9e\u5fc3\u6240\u6b32\u3001\u4e0d\u8e30\u77e9\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b5f\u61ff\u5b50\u554f\u5b5d\u3001\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7121\u9055\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u6a0a\u9072\u5fa1\u3001\u5b50\u544a\u4e4b\u66f0\u3001\n\u5b5f\u5b6b\u554f\u5b5d\u65bc\u6211\u3001\u6211\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u7121\u9055\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u6a0a\u9072\u66f0\u3001\u4f55\u8b02\u4e5f\u3001\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u751f\u4e8b\u4e4b\u4ee5\n\u79ae\u3001\u6b7b\u846c\u4e4b\u4ee5\u79ae\u3001\u796d\u4e4b\u4ee5\u79ae\u3002\n5. 'At sixty, my ear was an obedient organ for the\nreception of truth.\n6. 'At seventy, I could follow what my heart desired,\nwithout transgressing what was right.'\nCHAP. V. 1. Mang I asked what filial piety was. The\nMaster said, 'It is not being disobedient.'\n2. Soon after, as Fan Ch'ih was driving him, the Master\ntold him, saying, 'Mang-sun asked me what filial piety was, and\nI answered him,-- \"not being disobedient.\"'\n3. Fan Ch'ih said, 'What did you mean?' The Master\nreplied, 'That parents, when alive, be served according to\npropriety; that, when dead, they should be buried according to\npropriety; and that they should be sacrificed to according to\npropriety.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b5f\u6b66\u4f2f\u554f\u5b5d\u3001\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7236\u6bcd\u552f\u5176\u75be\u4e4b\u6182\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u6e38\u554f\u5b5d\u3001\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4eca\u4e4b\u5b5d\u8005\u3001\u662f\u8b02\u80fd\u990a\u3001\u81f3\u65bc\u72ac\u99ac\u3001\u7686\u80fd\u6709\u990a\u3001\n\u4e0d\u656c\u3001\u4f55\u4ee5\u5225\u4e4e\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u590f\u554f\u5b5d\u3001\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8272\u96e3\u3001\u6709\u4e8b\u3001\u5f1f\u5b50\u670d\u5176\u52de\u3001\u6709\u9152\u98df\u3001\u5148\u751f\u994c\u3001\n\u66fe\u662f\u4ee5\u70ba\u5b5d\u4e4e\u3002\nCHAP. VI. Mang Wu asked what filial piety was. The\nMaster said, 'Parents are anxious lest their children should be\nsick.'\nCHAP. VII. Tsze-yu asked what filial piety was. The\nMaster said, 'The filial piety of now-a-days means the support\nof one's parents. But dogs and horses likewise are able to do\nsomething in the way of support;-- without reverence, what is\nthere to distinguish the one support given from the other?'\nCHAP. VIII. Tsze-hsia asked what filial piety was. The\nMaster said, 'The difficulty is with the countenance. If, when\ntheir elders have any troublesome affairs, the young take the\ntoil of them, and if, when the young have wine and food, they\nset them before their elders, is THIS to be considered filial\npiety?'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u543e\u8207\u56de\u8a00\u7d42\u65e5\u3001\u4e0d\u9055\u3001\u5982\u611a\u3002\u9000\u5152\u7701\u5176\u79c1\u3001\u4ea6\u8db3\u4ee5\u767c\u3001\u56de\n\u4e5f\u4e0d\u611a\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8996\u5176\u6240\u4ee5\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u89c0\u5176\u6240\u7531\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5bdf\u5176\u6240\n\u5b89\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u4eba\u7109\u5ecb\u54c9\u3001\u4eba\u7109\u5ecb\u54c9\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6eab\u6545\u800c\u77e5\u65b0\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u70ba\u5e2b\u77e3\u3002\nCHAP. IX. The Master said, 'I have talked with Hui for a\nwhole day, and he has not made any objection to anything I\nsaid;-- as if he were stupid. He has retired, and I have\nexamined his conduct when away from me, and found him able\nto illustrate my teachings. Hui!-- He is not stupid.'\nCHAP. X. 1. The Master said, 'See what a man does.\n2. 'Mark his motives.\n3. 'Examine in what things he rests.\n4. 'How can a man conceal his character?\n5. How can a man conceal his character?'\nCHAP. XI. The Master said, 'If a man keeps cherishing his\nold knowledge, so as continually to be acquiring new, he may\nbe a teacher of others.'\n\u3010\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4e0d\u5668\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u554f\u541b\u5b50\u3001\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5148\u884c\u5176\u8a00\u3001\u800c\u5f8c\u5f9e\u4e4b\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u5468\u800c\u4e0d\u6bd4\u3001\u5c0f\u4eba\u6bd4\u800c\u4e0d\u5468\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5b78\u800c\u4e0d\u601d\u5247\u7f54\u3001\u601d\u800c\u4e0d\u5b78\u5247\u6b86\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u653b\u4e4e\u7570\u7aef\u3001\u65af\u5bb3\u4e5f\u5df1\u3002\nCHAP. XII. The Master said, 'The accomplished scholar is\nnot a utensil.'\nCHAP. XIII. Tsze-kung asked what constituted the\nsuperior man. The Master said, 'He acts before he speaks, and\nafterwards speaks according to his actions.'\nCHAP. XIV. The Master said, 'The superior man is catholic\nand no partisan. The mean man is partisan and not catholic.'\nCHAP. XV. The Master said, 'Learning without thought is\nlabour lost; thought without learning is perilous.'\nCHAP. XVI. The Master said, 'The study of strange\ndoctrines is injurious indeed!'\n\u3010\u5341\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7531\u3001\u8aa8\u5973\u77e5\u4e4b\u4e4e\u3001\u77e5\u4e4b\u70ba\u77e5\u4e4b\u3001\u4e0d\u77e5\u70ba\u4e0d\u77e5\u3001\u662f\u77e5\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u5f35\u5b78\u5e72\u797f\u3002\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u591a\u805e\u95d5\u7591\u3001\u614e\u8a00\u5176\u9918\u3001\u5247\n\u5be1\u5c24\u3001\u591a\u898b\u95d5\u6b86\u3001\u614e\u884c\u5176\u9918\u3001\u5247\u5be1\u6094\u3001\u8a00\u5be1\u5c24\u3001\u884c\u5be1\u6094\u3001\u797f\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u77e3\u3002\nCHAP. XVII. The Master said, 'Yu, shall I teach you what\nknowledge is? When you know a thing, to hold that you know\nit; and when you do not know a thing, to allow that you do not\nknow it;-- this is knowledge.'\nCHAP. XVII. 1. Tsze-chang was learning with a view to\nofficial emolument.\n2. The Master said, 'Hear much and put aside the points\nof which you stand in doubt, while you speak cautiously at the\nsame time of the others:-- then you will afford few occasions\nfor blame. See much and put aside the things which seem\nperilous, while you are cautious at the same time in carrying\nthe others into practice:-- then you will have few occasions for\nrepentance. When one gives few occasions for blame in his\nwords, and few occasions for repentance in his conduct, he is in\nthe way to get emolument.'\n\u3010\u5341\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u54c0\u516c\u805e\u66f0\u3001\u4f55\u70ba\u5247\u6c11\u670d\u3002\u5b54\u5b50\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u8209\u76f4\u932f\u8af8\u6789\u3001\u5247\u6c11\u670d\u3001\u8209\u6789\n\u932f\u8af8\u76f4\u3001\u5247\u6c11\u4e0d\u670d\u3002\n\u3010\u4e8c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5b63\u5eb7\u5b50\u554f\u4f7f\u6c11\u656c\u5fe0\u4ee5\u52e4\u3001\u5982\u4e4b\u4f55\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u81e8\u4e4b\u4ee5\u838a\u3001\u5247\u656c\u3001\u5b5d\u6148\u3001\n\u5247\u5fe0\u3001\u8209\u5584\u800c\u6559\u4e0d\u80fd\u3001\u5247\u52e4\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u6216\u8b02\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5b50\u595a\nCHAP. XIX. The Duke Ai asked, saying, 'What should be\ndone in order to secure the submission of the people?'\nConfucius replied, 'Advance the upright and set aside the\ncrooked, then the people will submit. Advance the crooked and\nset aside the upright, then the people will not submit.'\nCHAP. XX. Chi K'ang asked how to cause the people to\nreverence their ruler, to be faithful to him, and to go on to\nnerve themselves to virtue. The Master said, 'Let him preside\nover them with gravity;-- then they will reverence him. Let\nhim be filial and kind to all;-- then they will be faithful to him.\nLet him advance the good and teach the incompetent;-- then\nthey will eagerly seek to be virtuous.'\nCHAP. XXI. 1. Some one addressed Confucius, saying, 'Sir,\nwhy are you not engaged in the government?'\n\u4e0d\u70ba\u653f\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u66f8\u4e91\u5b5d\u4e4e\u3001\u60df\u5b5d\u53cb\u4e8e\u5144\u5f1f\u3001\u65bd\u65bc\u6709\u653f\u3001\u662f\u4ea6\u70ba\u653f\u3001\n\u595a\u5176\u70ba\u70ba\u653f\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4eba\u800c\u7121\u4fe1\u3001\u4e0d\u77e5\u5176\u53ef\u4e5f\u3001\u5927\u8eca\u7121\u8f17\u3001\u5c0f\u8eca\u7121\u8ecf\u3001\u5176\u4f55\u4ee5\u884c\n\u4e4b\u54c9\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u5f35\u554f\u5341\u4e16\u3001\u53ef\u77e5\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6bb7\u56e0\u65bc\u590f\u79ae\u3001\n2. The Master said, 'What does the Shu-ching say of filial\npiety?-- \"You are filial, you discharge your brotherly duties.\nThese qualities are displayed in government.\" This then also\nconstitutes the exercise of government. Why must there be\nTHAT-- making one be in the government?'\nCHAP. XXII. The Master said, 'I do not know how a man\nwithout truthfulness is to get on. How can a large carriage be\nmade to go without the cross-bar for yoking the oxen to, or a\nsmall carriage without the arrangement for yoking the horses?'\nCHAP. XXIII. 1. Tsze-chang asked whether the affairs of\nten ages after could be known.\n2. Confucius said, 'The Yin dynasty followed the\nregulations of the Hsia: wherein it took from or added to them\nmay be known. The Chau dynasty has followed the regulations\nof Yin: wherein it took from or added to them may be known.\nSome other may follow the Chau, but though it should be at the\ndistance of a hundred ages, its affairs may be known.'\n\u6240\u640d\u76ca\u3001\u53ef\u77e5\u4e5f\u3001\u5468\u56e0\u65bc\u6bb7\u79ae\u3001\u6240\u640d\u76ca\u3001\u53ef\u77e5\u4e5f\u3001\u5176\u6216\u7e7c\u5468\u8005\u3001\u96d6\u767e\u4e16\u3001\u53ef\n\u77e5\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u975e\u5176\u9b3c\u800c\u796d\u4e4b\u3001\u8ac2\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u898b\u7fa9\u4e0d\u70ba\u3001\u7121\u52c7\n\u4e5f\u3002\nCHAP. XXIV. 1. The Master said, 'For a man to sacrifice to\na spirit which does not belong to him is flattery.\n2. 'To see what is right and not to do it is want of\ncourage.'\n\u516b\u4f7e\u7b2c\u4e09\nBOOK III. PA YIH.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u8b02\u5b63\u6c0f\u3001\u516b\u4f7e\u821e\u65bc\u5ead\u3001\u662f\u53ef\u5fcd\u4e5f\u3001\u5b70\u4e0d\u53ef\u5fcd\u4e5f\u3002\nCHAP. I. Confucius said of the head of the Chi family, who\nhad eight rows of pantomimes in his area, 'If he can bear to do\nthis, what may he not bear to do?'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u4e09\u5bb6\u8005\u3001\u4ee5\u96cd\u5fb9\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u76f8\u7dad\u8f9f\u516c\u3001\u5929\u5b50\u7a46\u7a46\u3001\u595a\u53d6\u65bc\u4e09\u5bb6\u4e4b\u5802\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4eba\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec1\u3001\u5982\u79ae\u4f55\u3001\u4eba\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec1\u3001\u5982\u6a02\u4f55\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u6797\u653e\u554f\u79ae\u4e4b\u672c\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5927\u54c9\u554f\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u79ae\u3001\n\u8207\u5176\u5962\u4e5f\u3001\u5be7\nCHAP. II. The three families used the YUNG ode, while the\nvessels were being removed, at the conclusion of the sacrifice.\nThe Master said, '\"Assisting are the princes;-- the son of heaven\nlooks profound and grave:\"-- what application can these words\nhave in the hall of the three families?'\nCHAP. III. The Master said, 'If a man be without the\nvirtues proper to humanity, what has he to do with the rites of\npropriety? If a man be without the virtues proper to humanity,\nwhat has he to do with music?'\nCHAP. IV. 1. Lin Fang asked what was the first thing to be\nattended to in ceremonies.\n2. The Master said, 'A great question indeed!\n3. 'In festive ceremonies, it is better to be sparing than\nextravagant.\n\u5109\u3001\u55aa\u3001\u8207\u5176\u6613\u4e5f\u3001\u5be7\u621a\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5937\u72c4\u4e4b\u6709\u541b\u3001\u4e0d\u5982\u8af8\u590f\u4e4b\u4ea1\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b63\u6c0f\u65c5\u65bc\u6cf0\u5c71\u3002\u5b50\u8b02\u5189\u6709\u66f0\u3001\u5973\u5f17\u80fd\u6551\u8207\u3002\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u80fd\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\n\u55da\u547c\u3001\u66fe\u8b02\u6cf0\u5c71\u3001\u4e0d\u5982\u6797\u653e\u4e4e\u3002\nIn the ceremonies of mourning, it is better that there be deep\nsorrow than a minute attention to observances.'\nCHAP. V. The Master said, 'The rude tribes of the east and\nnorth have their princes, and are not like the States of our\ngreat land which are without them.'\nCHAP. VI. The chief of the Chi family was about to\nsacrifice to the T'ai mountain. The Master said to Zan Yu, 'Can\nyou not save him from this?' He answered, 'I cannot.' Confucius\nsaid, 'Alas! will you say that the T'ai mountain is not so\ndiscerning as Lin Fang?'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u7121\u6240\u722d\u3001\u5fc5\u4e5f\u5c04\u4e4e\u3001\u63d6\u8b93\u800c\u5347\u3001\u4e0b\u800c\u98f2\u3001\u5176\u722d\u4e5f\u541b\u5b50\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u590f\u554f\u66f0\u3001\u5de7\u7b11\u5029\u516e\u3001\u7f8e\u76ee\u76fc\u516e\u3001\u7d20\u4ee5\u70ba\u7d62\u516e\u3002\u4f55\u70ba\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\n\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7e6a\u4e8b\u5f8c\u7d20\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u66f0\u3001\u79ae\u5f8c\u4e4e\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8d77\u4e88\u8005\u5546\u4e5f\u3001\u59cb\u53ef\u8207\u8a00\u8a69\u5df2\n\u77e3\u3002\nCHAP. VII. The Master said, 'The student of virtue has no\ncontentions. If it be said he cannot avoid them, shall this be in\narchery? But he bows complaisantly to his competitors; thus he\nascends the hall, descends, and exacts the forfeit of drinking. In\nhis contention, he is still the Chun-tsze.'\nCHAP. VIII. 1. Tsze-hsia asked, saying, 'What is the\nmeaning of the passage-- \"The pretty dimples of her artful\nsmile! The well-defined black and white of her eye! The plain\nground for the colours?\"'\n2. The Master said, 'The business of laying on the colours\nfollows (the preparation of) the plain ground.'\n3. 'Ceremonies then are a subsequent thing?' The Master\nsaid, 'It is Shang who can bring out my meaning. Now I can\nbegin to talk about the odes with him.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u590f\u79ae\u543e\u80fd\u8a00\u4e4b\u3001\u675e\u4e0d\u8db3\u5fb5\u4e5f\u3001\u6bb7\u79ae\u543e\u80fd\u8a00\u4e4b\u3001\u5b8b\u4e0d\u8db3\u5fb5\u4e5f\u3001\n\u6587\u737b\u4e0d\u8db3\u6545\u4e5f\u3001\u8db3\u3001\u5247\u543e\u80fd\u5fb5\u4e4b\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7998\u3001\u81ea\u65e2\u704c\u800c\u5f80\u8005\u3001\u543e\u4e0d\u6b32\u89c0\u4e4b\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u6216\u554f\u7998\u4e4b\u8aaa\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e5f\u3001\u77e5\u5176\u8aaa\u8005\u3001\u4e4b\u65bc\u5929\u4e0b\u4e5f\u3001\u5176\u5982\u793a\u8af8\nCHAP. IX. The Master said, 'I could describe the\nceremonies of the Hsia dynasty, but Chi cannot sufficiently\nattest my words. I could describe the ceremonies of the Yin\ndynasty, but Sung cannot sufficiently attest my words. (They\ncannot do so) because of the insufficiency of their records and\nwise men. If those were sufficient, I could adduce them in\nsupport of my words.'\nCHAP. X. The Master said, 'At the great sacrifice, after the\npouring out of the libation, I have no wish to look on.'\nCHAP. XI. Some one asked the meaning of the great\nsacrifice. The Master said, 'I do not know. He who knew its\nmeaning would find it as easy to govern the kingdom as to look\non this;-- pointing to his palm.\n\u65af\u4e4e\u3002\u6307\u5176\u638c\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u796d\u5982\u5728\u3001\u796d\u795e\u5982\u795e\u5728\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u543e\u4e0d\u8207\u796d\u3001\u5982\u4e0d\n\u796d\u3002\n\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u738b\u5b6b\u8cc8\u554f\u66f0\u3001\u8207\u5176\u5a9a\u65bc\u5967\u3001\u5be7\u5a9a\u65bc(zao4 \u4e0a\u7a74\uff0c\u4e2d\u571f\uff0c\u4e0b\u9efd)\u3001\u4f55\n\u8b02\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u7136\u3001\u7372\u7f6a\u65bc\u5929\u3001\u7121\u6240\u79b1\u4e5f\u3002\nCHAP. XII. 1. He sacrificed to the dead, as if they were\npresent. He sacrificed to the spirits, as if the spirits were\npresent.\n2. The Master said, 'I consider my not being present at\nthe sacrifice, as if I did not sacrifice.'\nCHAP. XIII. 1. Wang-sun Chia asked, saying, 'What is the\nmeaning of the saying, \"It is better to pay court to the furnace\nthan to the south-west corner?\"'\n2. The Master said, 'Not so. He who offends against\nHeaven has none to whom he can pray.'\n\u3010\u5341\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5468\u76e3\u65bc\u4e8c\u4ee3\u3001\u90c1\u90c1\u4e4e\u6587\u54c9\u3001\u543e\u5f9e\u5468\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u5165\u5927\u5edf\u3001\u6bcf\u4e8b\u554f\u3002\u6216\u66f0\u3001\u5b70\u8b02\u9139\u4eba\u4e4b\u5b50\u77e5\u79ae\u4e4e\u3001\u5165\u5927\u5edf\u3001\u6bcf\u4e8b\n\u554f\u3002\u5b50\u805e\u4e4b\u66f0\u3001\u662f\u79ae\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5c04\u4e0d\u4e3b\u76ae\u3001\u70ba\u529b\u4e0d\u540c\u79d1\u3001\u53e4\u4e4b\u9053\u4e5f\u3002\nCHAP. XIV. The Master said, 'Chau had the advantage of\nviewing the two past dynasties. How complete and elegant are\nits regulations! I follow Chau.'\nCHAP. XV. The Master, when he entered the grand\ntemple, asked about everything. Some one said, 'Who will say\nthat the son of the man of Tsau knows the rules of propriety!\nHe has entered the grand temple and asks about everything.'\nThe Master heard the remark, and said, 'This is a rule of\npropriety.'\nCHAP. XVI. The Master said, 'In archery it is not going\nthrough the leather which is the principal thing;-- because\npeople's strength is not equal. This was the old way.'\n\u3010\u5341\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u6b32\u53bb\u544a\u6714\u4e4b\u993c\u7f8a\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8cdc\u4e5f\u3001\u723e\u611b\u5176\u7f8a\u3001\n\u6211\u611b\u5176\u79ae\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e8b\u541b\u76e1\u79ae\u3001\u4eba\u4ee5\u70ba\u8ac2\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b9a\u516c\u554f\u541b\u4f7f\u81e3\u3001\u81e3\u4e8b\u541b\u3001\u5982\u4e4b\u4f55\u3002\u5b54\u5b50\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u4f7f\u81e3\u4ee5\n\u79ae\u3001\u81e3\u4e8b\u541b\u4ee5\u5fe0\u3002\n\u3010\u4e8c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u95dc\u7762\u6a02\u800c\u4e0d\u6deb\u3001\u54c0\u800c\u4e0d\u50b7\u3002\nCHAP. XVII. 1. Tsze-kung wished to do away with the\noffering of a sheep connected with the inauguration of the first\nday of each month.\n2. The Master said, 'Ts'ze, you love the sheep; I love the\nceremony.'\nCHAP. XVII. The Master said, 'The full observance of the\nrules of propriety in serving one's prince is accounted by\npeople to be flattery.'\nCHAP. XIX. The Duke Ting asked how a prince should\nemploy his ministers, and how ministers should serve their\nprince. Confucius replied, 'A prince should employ his minister\naccording to according to the rules of propriety; ministers\nshould serve their prince with faithfulness.'\nCHAP. XX. The Master said, 'The Kwan Tsu is expressive of\nenjoyment without being licentious, and of grief without being\nhurtfully excessive.'\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u54c0\u516c\u554f\u793e\u65bc\u5bb0\u6211\u3002\u5bb0\u6211\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u590f\u540e\u6c0f\u4ee5\u677e\u3001\u6bb7\u4eba\u4ee5\u67cf\u3001\n\u5468\u4eba\u4ee5\u6817\u3001\u66f0\u3001\u4f7f\u6c11\u6230\u6817\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u805e\u4e4b\u66f0\u3001\u6210\u4e8b\u4e0d\u8aaa\u3001\u9042\u4e8b\u4e0d\u8aeb\u3001\u65e2\u5f80\n\u4e0d\u548e\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7ba1\u4ef2\u4e4b\u5668\u5c0f\u54c9\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u6216\u66f0\u3001\u7ba1\u4ef2\u5109\u4e4e\u3002\u3010\u4e09\n\u7bc0\u3011\u66f0\u3001\u7ba1\u6c0f\u6709\u4e09\u6b78\u3001\nCHAP. XXI. 1. The Duke Ai asked Tsai Wo about the altars\nof the spirits of the land. Tsai Wo replied, 'The Hsia sovereign\nplanted the pine tree about them; the men of the Yin planted\nthe cypress; and the men of the Chau planted the chestnut tree,\nmeaning thereby to cause the people to be in awe.'\n2. When the Master heard it, he said, 'Things that are\ndone, it is needless to speak about; things that have had their\ncourse, it is needless to remonstrate about; things that are past,\nit is needless to blame.'\nCHAP. XXII. 1. The Master said, 'Small indeed was the\ncapacity of Kwan Chung!'\n2. Some one said, 'Was Kwan Chung parsimonious?'\n'Kwan,' was the reply, 'had the San Kwei, and his officers\nperformed no double duties; how can he be considered\nparsimonious?'\n3. 'Then, did Kwan Chung know the rules of propriety?'\nThe\n\u5b98\u4e8b\u4e0d\u651d\u3001\u7109\u5f97\u5109\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u7136\u5247\u7ba1\u4ef2\u77e5\u79ae\u4e4e\u3002\u3010\u4e94\u7bc0\u3011\u66f0\u3001\u90a6\u541b\u6a39\u585e\u9580\u3001\n\u7ba1\u6c0f\u4ea6\u6a39\u585e\u9580\u3001\u90a6\u541b\u70ba\u5169\u541b\u4e4b\u597d\u3001\u6709\u53cd\u576b\u3001\u7ba1\u6c0f\u4ea6\u6709\u53cd\u576b\u3001\u7ba1\u6c0f\u800c\u77e5\u79ae\u3001\u5b70\n\u4e0d\u77e5\u79ae\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8a9e\u9b6f\u5927\u5e2b\u6a02\u66f0\u3001\u6a02\u5176\u53ef\u77e5\u4e5f\u3001\u59cb\u4f5c\u3001\u7fd5\u5982\u4e5f\u3001\u5f9e\u4e4b\u3001\u7d14\u5982\u4e5f\u3001\n\u7e73\u5982\u4e5f\u3001\u7e79\u5982\u4e5f\u3001\u4ee5\u6210\u3002\nMaster said, 'The princes of States have a screen intercepting\nthe view at their gates. Kwan had likewise a screen at his gate.\nThe princes of States on any friendly meeting between two of\nthem, had a stand on which to place their inverted cups. Kwan\nhad also such a stand. If Kwan knew the rules of propriety,\nwho does not know them?'\nCHAP. XXXII. The Master instructing the grand music-\nmaster of Lu said, 'How to play music may be known. At the\ncommencement of the piece, all the parts should sound\ntogether. As it proceeds, they should be in harmony while\nseverally distinct and flowing without break, and thus on to the\nconclusion.'\n\u3010\u5eff\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5100\u5c01\u4eba\u8acb\u898b\u3001\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4e4b\u81f3\u65bc\u65af\u4e5f\u3001\u543e\u672a\u5617\u4e0d\u5f97\u898b\u4e5f\u3002\u5f9e\u8005\u898b\u4e4b\u3001\n\u51fa\u66f0\u3001\u4e8c\u4e09\u5b50\u3001\u4f55\u60a3\u65bc\u55aa\u4e4e\u3001\u5929\u4e0b\u4e4b\u7121\u9053\u4e5f\u4e45\u77e3\u3001\u5929\u5c07\u4ee5\u592b\u5b50\u70ba\u6728\u9438\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8b02\u97f6\u3001\u76e1\u7f8e\u77e3\u3001\u53c8\u76e1\u5584\u4e5f\u3001\u8b02\u6b66\u3001\u76e1\u7f8e\u77e3\u3001\u672a\u76e1\u5584\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5c45\u4e0a\u4e0d\u5bec\u3001\u70ba\u79ae\nCHAP. XXIV. The border warden at Yi requested to be\nintroduced to the Master, saying, 'When men of superior virtue\nhave come to this, I have never been denied the privilege of\nseeing them.' The followers of the sage introduced him, and\nwhen he came out from the interview, he said, 'My friends,\nwhy are you distressed by your master's loss of office? The\nkingdom has long been without the principles of truth and\nright; Heaven is going to use your master as a bell with its\nwooden tongue.'\nCHAP. XXV. The Master said of the Shao that it was\nperfectly beautiful and also perfectly good. He said of the Wu\nthat it was perfectly beautiful but not perfectly good.\nCHAP. XXVI. The Master said, 'High station filled without\nindulgent generosity; ceremonies performed without reverence;\nmourning conducted without sorrow;-- wherewith should I\ncontemplate such ways?'\n\u4e0d\u656c\u3001\u81e8\u55aa\u4e0d\u54c0\u3001\u543e\u4f55\u4ee5\u89c0\u4e4b\u54c9\u3002\n\u91cc\u4ec1\u7b2c\u56db\nBOOK IV. LE JIN.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u91cc\u4ec1\u70ba\u7f8e\u3001\u64c7\u4e0d\u8655\u4ec1\u3001\u7109\u5f97\u77e5\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u4ec1\u8005\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e45\u8655\u7d04\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u9577\u8655\u6a02\u3001\u4ec1\u8005\u5b89\u4ec1\u3001\u77e5\u8005\n\u5229\u4ec1\u3002\nCHAP. I. The Master said, 'It is virtuous manners which\nconstitute the excellence of a neighborhood. If a man in\nselecting a residence, do not fix on one where such prevail, how\ncan he be wise?'\nCHAP. II. The Master said, 'Those who are without virtue\ncannot abide long either in a condition of poverty and hardship,\nor in a condition of enjoyment. The virtuous rest in virtue; the\nwise desire virtue.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u60df\u4ec1\u8005\u3001\u80fd\u597d\u4eba\u3001\u80fd\u60e1\u4eba\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u82df\u5fd7\u65bc\u4ec1\u77e3\u3001\u7121\u60e1\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5bcc\u8207\u8cb4\u3001\u662f\u4eba\u4e4b\u6240\u6b32\u4e5f\u3001\u4e0d\u4ee5\u5176\u9053\u5f97\u4e4b\u3001\u4e0d\u8655\u4e5f\u3002\n\u8ca7\u8207\u8ce4\u3001\u662f\u4eba\u4e4b\u6240\u60e1\u4e5f\u3001\u4e0d\u4ee5\u5176\u9053\u5f97\u4e4b\u3001\u4e0d\u53bb\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u541b\u5b50\u53bb\u4ec1\u3001\u60e1\u4e4e\n\u6210\u540d\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u541b\u5b50\u7121\u7d42\u98df\u4e4b\u9593\nCHAP. III. The Master said, 'It is only the (truly) virtuous\nman, who can love, or who can hate, others.'\nCHAP. IV. The Master said, 'If the will be set on virtue,\nthere will be no practice of wickedness.'\nCHAP. V. 1. The Master said, 'Riches and honours are\nwhat men desire. If it cannot be obtained in the proper way,\nthey should not be held. Poverty and meanness are what men\ndislike. If it cannot be avoided in the proper way, they should\nnot be avoided.\n2. 'If a superior man abandon virtue, how can he fulfil\nthe requirements of that name?\n3. 'The superior man does not, even for the space of a\nsingle meal, act contrary to virtue. In moments of haste, he\ncleaves to it. In seasons of danger, he cleaves to it.'\n\u9055\u4ec1\u3001\u9020\u6b21\u5fc5\u65bc\u662f\u3001\u985b\u6c9b\u5fc5\u65bc\u662f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6211\u672a\u898b\u597d\u4ec1\u8005\u3001\u60e1\u4e0d\u4ec1\u8005\u3001\u597d\u4ec1\u8005\u3001\u7121\u4ee5\u5c1a\u4e4b\u3001\n\u60e1\u4e0d\u4ec1\u8005\u3001\u5176\u70ba\u4ec1\u77e3\u3001\u4e0d\u4f7f\u4e0d\u4ec1\u8005\u3001\u52a0\u4e4e\u5176\u8eab\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u6709\u80fd\u4e00\u65e5\u7528\u5176\u529b\u65bc\n\u4ec1\u77e3\u4e4e\u3001\u6211\u672a\u898b\u529b\u4e0d\u8db3\u8005\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u84cb\u6709\u4e4b\u77e3\u3001\u6211\u672a\u4e4b\u898b\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4eba\u4e4b\u904e\u4e5f\u3001\u5404\u65bc\u5176\u9ee8\u3001\u89c0\u904e\u3001\u65af\u77e5\u4ec1\u77e3\u3002\nCHAP. VI. 1. The Master said, 'I have not seen a person\nwho loved virtue, or one who hated what was not virtuous. He\nwho loved virtue, would esteem nothing above it. He who hated\nwhat is not virtuous, would practise virtue in such a way that\nhe would not allow anything that is not virtuous to approach\nhis person.\n2. 'Is any one able for one day to apply his strength to\nvirtue? I have not seen the case in which his strength would be\ninsufficient.\n3. 'Should there possibly be any such case, I have not\nseen it.'\nCHAP. VII. The Master said, 'The faults of men are\ncharacteristic of the class to which they belong. By observing a\nman's faults, it may be known that he is virtuous.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u671d\u805e\u9053\u3001\u5915\u6b7b\u3001\u53ef\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u58eb\u5fd7\u65bc\u9053\u3001\u800c\u6065\u60e1\u8863\u60e1\u98df\u8005\u3001\u672a\u8db3\u8207\u8b70\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4e4b\u65bc\u5929\u4e0b\u4e5f\u3001\u7121\u9069\u4e5f\u3001\u7121\u83ab\u4e5f\u3001\u7fa9\u4e4b\u8207\u6bd4\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u61f7\u5fb7\u3001\u5c0f\u4eba\u61f7\u571f\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u61f7\u5211\u3001\u5c0f\nCHAP. VIII. The Master said, 'If a man in the morning\nhear the right way, he may die in the evening without regret.'\nCHAP. IX. The Master said, 'A scholar, whose mind is set\non truth, and who is ashamed of bad clothes and bad food, is\nnot fit to be discoursed with.'\nCHAP. X. The Master said, 'The superior man, in the\nworld, does not set his mind either for anything, or against\nanything; what is right he will follow.'\nCHAP. XI. The Master said, 'The superior man thinks of\nvirtue; the small man thinks of comfort. The superior man\nthinks of the sanctions of law; the small man thinks of favours\nwhich he may receive.'\n\u4eba\u61f7\u60e0\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u653e\u65bc\u5229\u800c\u884c\u3001\u591a\u6028\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u80fd\u4ee5\u79ae\u8b93\u70ba\u570b\u4e4e\u3001\u4f55\u6709\u3001\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5\u79ae\u8b93\u70ba\u570b\u3001\u5982\u79ae\u4f55\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u60a3\u7121\u4f4d\u3001\u60a3\u6240\u4ee5\u7acb\u3001\u4e0d\u60a3\u83ab\u5df1\u77e5\u3001\u6c42\u70ba\u53ef\u77e5\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u53c3\u4e4e\u3001\u543e\u9053\u4e00\u4ee5\u8cab\u4e4b\u3002\u66fe\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u552f\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\n\u51fa\u3001\u9580\u4eba\u554f\nCHAP. XII. The Master said: 'He who acts with a constant\nview to his own advantage will be much murmured against.'\nCHAP. XIII. The Master said, 'Is a prince is able to govern\nhis kingdom with the complaisance proper to the rules of\npropriety, what difficulty will he have? If he cannot govern it\nwith that complaisance, what has he to do with the rules of\npropriety?'\nCHAP. XIV. The Master said, 'A man should say, I am not\nconcerned that I have no place, I am concerned how I may fit\nmyself for one. I am not concerned that I am not known, I seek\nto be worthy to be known.'\nCHAP. XV. 1. The Master said, 'Shan, my doctrine is that\nof an all-pervading unity.' The disciple Tsang replied, 'Yes.'\n2. The Master went out, and the other disciples asked,\nsaying,\n\u66f0\u3001\u4f55\u8b02\u4e5f\u3002\u66fe\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u592b\u5b50\u4e4b\u9053\u3001\u5fe0\u6055\u800c\u5df2\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u55bb\u65bc\u7fa9\u3001\u5c0f\u4eba\u55bb\u65bc\u5229\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u898b\u8ce2\u601d\u9f4a\u7109\u3001\u898b\u4e0d\u8ce2\u800c\u5167\u81ea\u7701\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e8b\u7236\u6bcd\u5e7e\u8aeb\u3001\u898b\u5fd7\u4e0d\u5f9e\u3001\u53c8\u656c\n'What do his words mean?' Tsang said, 'The doctrine of our\nmaster is to be true to the principles of our nature and the\nbenevolent exercise of them to others,-- this and nothing more.'\nCHAP. XVI. The Master said, 'The mind of the superior\nman is conversant with righteousness; the mind of the mean\nman is conversant with gain.'\nCHAP. XVII. The Master said, 'When we see men of worth,\nwe should think of equalling them; when we see men of a\ncontrary character, we should turn inwards and examine\nourselves.'\nCHAP. XVIII. The Master said, 'In serving his parents, a\nson may remonstrate with them, but gently; when he sees that\nthey do not incline to follow his advice, he shows an increased\ndegree of reverence, but does not abandon his purpose; and\nshould they punish him, he does not allow himself to murmur.'\n\u4e0d\u9055\u3001\u52de\u800c\u4e0d\u6028\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7236\u6bcd\u5728\u3001\u4e0d\u9060\u6e38\u3001\u6e38\u5fc5\u6709\u65b9\u3002\n\u3010\u4e8c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e09\u5e74\u7121\u6539\u65bc\u7236\u4e4b\u9053\u3001\u53ef\u8b02\u5b5d\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7236\u6bcd\u4e4b\u5e74\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e5f\u3001\u4e00\u5247\u4ee5\u559c\u3001\u4e00\u5247\u4ee5\u61fc\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u53e4\u8005\u8a00\u4e4b\u4e0d\u51fa\u3001\u6065\u8eac\u4e4b\u4e0d\u902e\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4ee5\u7d04\u3001\u5931\u4e4b\u8005\u9bae\u77e3\u3002\nCHAP. XIX. The Master said, 'While his parents are alive,\nthe son may not go abroad to a distance. If he does go abroad,\nhe must have a fixed place to which he goes.'\nCHAP. XX. The Master said, 'If the son for three years\ndoes not alter from the way of his father, he may be called\nfilial.'\nCHAP. XXI. The Master said, 'The years of parents may by\nno means not be kept in the memory, as an occasion at once for\njoy and for fear.'\nCHAP. XXII. The Master said, 'The reason why the\nancients did not readily give utterance to their words, was that\nthey feared lest their actions should not come up to them.'\nCHAP. XXIII. The Master said, 'The cautious seldom err.'\n\u3010\u5eff\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u6b32\u8a25\u65bc\u8a00\u3001\u800c\u654f\u65bc\u884c\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5fb7\u4e0d\u5b64\u3001\u5fc5\u6709\u9130\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u6e38\u66f0\u3001\u4e8b\u541b\u6578\u3001\u65af\u8fb1\u77e3\u3001\u670b\u53cb\u6578\u3001\u65af\u758f\u77e3\u3002\nCHAP. XXIV. The Master said, 'The superior man wishes\nto be slow in his speech and earnest in his conduct.'\nCHAP. XXV. The Master said, 'Virtue is not left to stand\nalone. He who practises it will have neighbors.'\nCHAP. XXVI. Tsze-yu said, 'In serving a prince, frequent\nremonstrances lead to disgrace. Between friends, frequent\nreproofs make the friendship distant.'\n\u516c\u51b6\u9577\u7b2c\u4e94\nBOOK V. KUNG-YE CH'ANG.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8b02\u516c\u51b6\u9577\u3001\u53ef\u59bb\u4e5f\u3001\u96d6\u5728\u7e32\u7d4f\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3001\u975e\u5176\u7f6a\u4e5f\u3002\u4ee5\u5176\n\u5b50\u59bb\u4e4b\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8b02\u5357\u5bb9\u3001\nCHAP. I. 1. The Master said of Kung-ye Ch'ang that he\nmight be wived; although he was put in bonds, he had not been\nguilty of any crime. Accordingly, he gave him his own daughter\nto wife.\n2. Of Nan Yung he said that if the country were well\ngoverned\n\u90a6\u6709\u9053\u4e0d\u5ee2\u3001\u90a6\u7121\u9053\u514d\u65bc\u5211\u622e\u3002\u4ee5\u5176\u5144\u4e4b\u5b50\u59bb\u4e4b\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8b02\u5b50\u8ce4\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u54c9\u82e5\u4eba\u3001\u9b6f\u7121\u541b\u5b50\u8005\u3001\u65af\u7109\u53d6\u65af\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u554f\u66f0\u3001\u8cdc\u4e5f\u4f55\u5982\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5973\u5668\u4e5f\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u4f55\u5668\u4e5f\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u745a\u7489\u4e5f\u3002\nhe would not be out of office, and if it were ill-governed, he\nwould escape punishment and disgrace. He gave him the\ndaughter of his own elder brother to wife.\nCHAP. II. The Master said of Tsze-chien, 'Of superior\nvirtue indeed is such a man! If there were not virtuous men in\nLu, how could this man have acquired this character?'\nCHAP. III. Tsze-kung asked, 'What do you say of me,\nTs'ze? The Master said, 'You are a utensil.' 'What utensil?' 'A\ngemmed sacrificial utensil.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u6216\u66f0\u3001\u96cd\u4e5f\u4ec1\u3001\u800c\u4e0d\u4f5e\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7109\u7528\u4f5e\u3001\u79a6\u4eba\n\u4ee5\u53e3\u7d66\u3001\u5c62\u618e\u65bc\u4eba\u3001\u4e0d\u77e5\u5176\u4ec1\u3001\u7109\u7528\u4f5e\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u4f7f\u6f06\u96d5\u958b\u4ed5\u3002\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u543e\u65af\u4e4b\u672a\u80fd\u4fe1\u3002\u5b50\u8aaa\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u9053\u4e0d\u884c\u3001\u4e58\u6874\u6d6e\u4e8e\u6d77\u3001\u5f9e\u6211\u8005\u3001\nCHAP. IV. 1. Some one said, 'Yung is truly virtuous, but he\nis not ready with his tongue.'\n2. The Master said, 'What is the good of being ready with\nthe tongue? They who encounter men with smartnesses of\nspeech for the most part procure themselves hatred. I know\nnot whether he be truly virtuous, but why should he show\nreadiness of the tongue?'\nCHAP. V. The Master was wishing Ch'i-tiao K'ai to enter\non official employment. He replied, 'I am not yet able to rest in\nthe assurance of THIS.' The Master was pleased.\nCHAP. VI. The Master said, 'My doctrines make no way. I\nwill get upon a raft, and float about on the sea. He that will\naccompany me will be Yu, I dare say.' Tsze-lu hearing this was\nglad,\n\u5176\u7531\u8207\u3002\u5b50\u8def\u805e\u4e4b\u559c\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7531\u4e5f\u3001\u597d\u52c7\u904e\u6211\u3001\u7121\u6240\u53d6\u6750\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b5f\u6b66\u4f2f\u554f\u5b50\u8def\u4ec1\u4e4e\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u53c8\u554f\u3002\u5b50\n\u66f0\u3001\u7531\u4e5f\u3001\u5343\u4e58\u4e4b\u570b\u3001\u53ef\u4f7f\u6cbb\u5176\u8ce6\u4e5f\u3001\u4e0d\u77e5\u5176\u4ec1\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u6c42\u4e5f\u4f55\u5982\u3002\u5b50\n\u66f0\u3001\u6c42\u4e5f\u3001\u5343\u5ba4\u4e4b\u9091\u3001\u767e\u4e58\u4e4b\u5bb6\u3001\u53ef\u4f7f\u70ba\u4e4b\u5bb0\u4e5f\u3001\u4e0d\u77e5\u5176\u4ec1\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u8d64\n\u4e5f\u4f55\u5982\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8d64\u4e5f\u3001\u675f\u5e36\u7acb\u65bc\u671d\u3001\u53ef\u4f7f\u8207\u8cd3\u5ba2\u8a00\u4e5f\u3001\u4e0d\u77e5\u5176\u4ec1\u4e5f\u3002\nupon which the Master said, 'Yu is fonder of daring than I am.\nHe does not exercise his judgment upon matters.'\nCHAP. VII. 1. Mang Wu asked about Tsze-lu, whether he\nwas perfectly virtuous. The Master said, 'I do not know.'\n2. He asked again, when the Master replied, 'In a\nkingdom of a thousand chariots, Yu might be employed to\nmanage the military levies, but I do not know whether he be\nperfectly virtuous.'\n3. 'And what do you say of Ch'iu?' The Master replied, 'In\na city of a thousand families, or a clan of a hundred chariots,\nCh'iu might be employed as governor, but I do not know\nwhether he is perfectly virtuous.'\n4. 'What do you say of Ch'ih?' The Master replied, 'With\nhis sash girt and standing in a court, Ch'ih might be employed\nto converse with the visitors and guests, but I do not know\nwhether he is perfectly virtuous.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8b02\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u5973\u8207\u56de\u4e5f\u3001\u5b70\u6108\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u8cdc\u4e5f\u3001\n\u4f55\u6562\u671b\u56de\u3001\u56de\u4e5f\u3001\u805e\u4e00\u4ee5\u77e5\u5341\u3001\u8cdc\u4e5f\u3001\u805e\u4e00\u4ee5\u77e5\u4e8c\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5f17\u5982\u4e5f\u3001\n\u543e\u8207\u5973\u3001\u5f17\u5982\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5bb0\u4e88\u665d\u5be2\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u673d\u6728\u4e0d\u53ef\u96d5\u4e5f\u3001\u7cde\u571f\u4e4b\u7246\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u673d\u4e5f\u3001\u65bc\u4e88\u8207\n\u4f55\u8a85\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u59cb\u543e\u65bc\u4eba\u4e5f\u3001\u807d\u5176\u8a00\u800c\u4fe1\u5176\u884c\u3001\u4eca\u543e\u65bc\u4eba\u4e5f\u3001\nCHAP. VIII. 1. The Master said to Tsze-kung, 'Which do\nyou consider superior, yourself or Hui?'\n2. Tsze-kung replied, 'How dare I compare myself with\nHui? Hui hears one point and knows all about a subject; I hear\none point, and know a second.'\n3. The Master said, 'You are not equal to him. I grant you,\nyou are not equal to him.'\nCHAP. IX. 1. Tsai Yu being asleep during the daytime, the\nMaster said, 'Rotten wood cannot be carved; a wall of dirty\nearth will not receive the trowel. This Yu!-- what is the use of\nmy reproving him?'\n2. The Master said, 'At first, my way with men was to\nhear their words, and give them credit for their conduct. Now\nmy way is to hear their words, and look at their conduct. It is\nfrom Yu that I have learned to make this change.'\n\u807d\u5176\u8a00\u800c\u89c0\u5176\u884c\u3001\u65bc\u4e88\u8207\u6539\u662f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u543e\u672a\u898b\u525b\u8005\u3002\u6216\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u7533\u68d6\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u68d6\u4e5f\u617e\u3001\u7109\u5f97\u525b\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u6211\u4e0d\u6b32\u4eba\u4e4b\u52a0\u8af8\u6211\u4e5f\u3001\u543e\u4ea6\u6b32\u7121\u52a0\u8af8\u4eba\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8cdc\u4e5f\u3001\n\u975e\u723e\u6240\u53ca\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u592b\u5b50\u4e4b\u6587\u7ae0\u3001\nCHAP. X. The Master said, 'I have not seen a firm and\nunbending man.' Some one replied, 'There is Shan Ch'ang.'\n'Ch'ang,' said the Master, 'is under the influence of his passions;\nhow can he be pronounced firm and unbending?'\nCHAP. XI. Tsze-kung said, 'What I do not wish men to do\nto me, I also wish not to do to men.' The Master said, 'Ts'ze, you\nhave not attained to that.'\nCHAP. XII. Tsze-kung said, 'The Master's personal\ndisplays of his principles and ordinary descriptions of them\nmay be heard. His discourses about man's nature, and the way\nof Heaven, cannot be heard.'\n\u53ef\u5f97\u800c\u805e\u4e5f\u3001\u592b\u5b50\u4e4b\u8a00\u6027\u8207\u5929\u9053\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u5f97\u800c\u805e\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u6709\u805e\u3001\u672a\u4e4b\u80fd\u884c\u3001\u552f\u6050\u6709\u805e\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u554f\u66f0\u3001\u5b54\u6587\u5b50\u3001\u4f55\u4ee5\u8b02\u4e4b\u6587\u4e5f\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u654f\u800c\u597d\u5b78\u3001\u4e0d\u6065\u4e0b\u554f\u3001\n\u662f\u4ee5\u8b02\u4e4b\u6587\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8b02\u5b50\u7522\u3001\u6709\u541b\u5b50\u4e4b\u9053\u56db\u7109\u3001\u5176\u884c\u5df1\u4e5f\u606d\u3001\u5176\u4e8b\u4e0a\u4e5f\u656c\u3001\u5176\u990a\u6c11\n\u4e5f\u60e0\u3001\u5176\u4f7f\u6c11\nCHAP. XIII. When Tsze-lu heard anything, if he had not\nyet succeeded in carrying it into practice, he was only afraid\nlest he should hear something else.\nCHAP. XIV. Tsze-kung asked, saying, 'On what ground did\nKung-wan get that title of Wan?' The Master said, 'He was of an\nactive nature and yet fond of learning, and he was not ashamed\nto ask and learn of his inferiors!-- On these grounds he has\nbeen styled Wan.'\nCHAP. XV. The Master said of Tsze-ch'an that he had four\nof the characteristics of a superior man:-- in his conduct of\nhimself, he was humble; in serving his superiors, he was\nrespectful; in nourishing the people, he was kind; in ordering\nthe people, he was just.'\n\u4e5f\u7fa9\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u664f\u5e73\u4ef2\u5584\u8207\u4eba\u4ea4\u3001\u4e45\u800c\u656c\u4e4b\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u85cf\u6587\u4ef2\u3001\u5c45\u8521\u3001\u5c71\u7bc0\u85fb\u68b2\u3001\u4f55\u5982\u5176\u77e5\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u5f35\u554f\u66f0\u3001\u4ee4\u5c39\u5b50\u6587\u4e09\u4ed5\u70ba\u4ee4\u5c39\u3001\u7121\u559c\u8272\u3001\u4e09\u5df2\u4e4b\u3001\u7121\n\u614d\u8272\u3002\u820a\u4ee4\u5c39\u4e4b\u653f\u3001\u5fc5\u4ee5\u544a\u65b0\u4ee4\u5c39\u3001\u4f55\u5982\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5fe0\u77e3\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u4ec1\u77e3\u4e4e\u3002\u66f0\u3001\nCHAP. XVI. The Master said, 'Yen P'ing knew well how to\nmaintain friendly intercourse. The acquaintance might be long,\nbut he showed the same respect as at first.'\nCHAP. XVII. The Master said, 'Tsang Wan kept a large\ntortoise in a house, on the capitals of the pillars of which he\nhad hills made, and with representations of duckweed on the\nsmall pillars above the beams supporting the rafters.-- Of what\nsort was his wisdom?'\nCHAP. XVIII. 1. Tsze-chang asked, saying, 'The minister\nTsze-wan thrice took office, and manifested no joy in his\ncountenance. Thrice he retired from office, and manifested no\ndispleasure. He made it a point to inform the new minister of\nthe way in which he had conducted the government;-- what do\nyou say of him?' The Master replied. 'He was loyal.' 'Was he\nperfectly virtuous?' 'I do not know. How can he be pronounced\nperfectly virtuous?'\n\u672a\u77e5\u3001\u7109\u5f97\u4ec1\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5d14\u5b50\u5f12\u9f4a\u541b\u3001\u9673\u6587\u5b50\u6709\u99ac\u5341\u4e58\u3001\u68c4\u800c\u9055\u4e4b\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u4ed6\n\u90a6\u3001\u5247\u66f0\u3001\u7336\u543e\u5927\u592b\u5d14\u5b50\u4e5f\u3001\u9055\u4e4b\u3001\u4e4b\u4e00\u90a6\u3001\u5247\u53c8\u66f0\u3001\u7336\u543e\u5927\u592b\u5d14\u5b50\u4e5f\u3001\u9055\n\u4e4b\u3001\u4f55\u5982\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6e05\u77e3\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u4ec1\u77e3\u4e4e\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u3001\u7109\u5f97\u4ec1\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b63\u6587\u5b50\u4e09\u601d\u800c\u5f8c\u884c\u3002\u5b50\u805e\u4e4b\u66f0\u3001\u518d\u3001\u65af\u53ef\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u4e8c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u752f\u6b66\u5b50\u3001\u90a6\u6709\u9053\u3001\u5247\n2. Tsze-chang proceeded, 'When the officer Ch'ui killed\nthe prince of Ch'i, Ch'an Wan, though he was the owner of forty\nhorses, abandoned them and left the country. Coming to\nanother State, he said, \"They are here like our great officer,\nCh'ui,\" and left it. He came to a second State, and with the same\nobservation left it also;-- what do you say of him?' The Master\nreplied, 'He was pure.' 'Was he perfectly virtuous?' 'I do not\nknow. How can he be pronounced perfectly virtuous?'\nCHAP. XIX. Chi Wan thought thrice, and then acted. When\nthe Master was informed of it, he said, 'Twice may do.'\nCHAP. XX. The Master said, 'When good order prevailed in\nhis country, Ning Wu acted the part of a wise man. When his\ncountry was in disorder, he acted the part of a stupid man.\nOthers may equal his wisdom, but they cannot equal his\nstupidity.'\n\u77e5\u3001\u90a6\u7121\u9053\u3001\u5247\u611a\u3001\u5176\u77e5\u53ef\u53ca\u4e5f\u3001\u5176\u611a\u4e0d\u53ef\u53ca\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u5728\u9673\u66f0\u3001\u6b78\u8207\u6b78\u8207\u3001\u543e\u9ee8\u4e4b\u5c0f\u5b50\u72c2\u7c21\u3001\u6590\u7136\u6210\u7ae0\u3001\u4e0d\u77e5\u6240\u4ee5\u88c1\n\u4e4b\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4f2f\u5937\u53d4\u9f4a\u3001\u4e0d\u5ff5\u820a\u60e1\u3001\u6028\u662f\u7528\u5e0c\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5b70\u8b02\u5fae\u751f\u9ad8\nCHAP. XXI. When the Master was in Ch'an, he said, 'Let\nme return! Let me return! The little children of my school are\nambitious and too hasty. They are accomplished and complete\nso far, but they do not know how to restrict and shape\nthemselves.'\nCHAP. XXII. The Master said, 'Po-i and Shu-ch'i did not\nkeep the former wickednesses of men in mind, and hence the\nresentments directed towards them were few.'\nCHAP. XXIII. The Master said, 'Who says of Wei-shang\nKao\n\u76f4\u3001\u6216\u4e5e\u9183\u7109\u3001\u4e5e\u8af8\u9130\u800c\u8207\u4e4b\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5de7\u8a00\u4ee4\u8272\u3001\u8db3\u606d\u3001\u5de6\u4e18\u660e\u6065\u4e4b\u3001\u4e18\u4ea6\u6065\u4e4b\u3001\u533f\u6028\u800c\u53cb\u5176\u4eba\u3001\n\u5de6\u4e18\u660e\u6065\u4e4b\u3001\u4e18\u4ea6\u6065\u4e4b\u3002\n\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u984f\u6df5\u5b63\u8def\u4f8d\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u76cd\u5404\u8a00\u723e\u5fd7\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u66f0\u3001\u9858\u8eca\u99ac\u3001\u8863\u8f15\n\u88d8\u3001\u8207\u670b\u53cb\u5171\u3001\u853d\u4e4b\u800c\u7121\u61be\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u984f\u6df5\u66f0\u3001\u9858\u7121\nthat he is upright? One begged some vinegar of him, and he\nbegged it of a neighbor and gave it to the man.'\nCHAP. XXIV. The Master said, 'Fine words, an insinuating\nappearance, and excessive respect;-- Tso Ch'iu-ming was\nashamed of them. I also am ashamed of them. To conceal\nresentment against a person, and appear friendly with him;--\nTso Ch'iu-ming was ashamed of such conduct. I also am\nashamed of it.'\nCHAP. XXV. 1. Yen Yuan and Chi Lu being by his side, the\nMaster said to them, 'Come, let each of you tell his wishes.'\n2. Tsze-lu said, 'I should like, having chariots and horses,\nand light fur dresses, to share them with my friends, and\nthough they should spoil them, I would not be displeased.'\n3. Yen Yuan said, 'I should like not to boast of my\nexcellence, nor to make a display of my meritorious deeds.'\n\u4f10\u5584\u3001\u7121\u65bd\u52de\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u66f0\u3001\u9858\u805e\u5b50\u4e4b\u5fd7\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8001\u8005\u5b89\u4e4b\u3001\u670b\u53cb\u4fe1\u4e4b\u3001\n\u5c11\u8005\u61f7\u4e4b\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5df2\u77e3\u4e4e\u3001\u543e\u672a\u898b\u80fd\u898b\u5176\u904e\u3001\u800c\u5167\u81ea\u8a1f\u8005\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5341\u5ba4\u4e4b\u9091\u3001\u5fc5\u6709\u5fe0\u4fe1\u3001\u5982\u4e18\u8005\u7109\u3001\u4e0d\u5982\u4e18\u4e4b\u597d\u5b78\u4e5f\u3002\n4. Tsze-lu then said, 'I should like, sir, to hear your\nwishes.' The Master said, 'They are, in regard to the aged, to\ngive them rest; in regard to friends, to show them sincerity; in\nregard to the young, to treat them tenderly.'\nCHAP. XXVI. The Master said, 'It is all over! I have not\nyet seen one who could perceive his faults, and inwardly\naccuse himself.'\nCHAP. XXVII. The Master said, 'In a hamlet of ten\nfamilies, there may be found one honourable and sincere as I\nam, but not so fond of learning.'\n\u96cd\u4e5f\u7b2c\u516d\nBOOK VI. YUNG YEY.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u96cd\u4e5f\u53ef\u4f7f\u5357\u9762\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u4ef2\u5f13\u554f\u5b50\u6851\u4f2f\u5b50\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\n\u53ef\u4e5f\u3001\u7c21\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u4ef2\u5f13\u66f0\u3001\u5c45\u656c\u800c\u884c\u7c21\u3001\u4ee5\u81e8\u5176\u6c11\u3001\u4e0d\u4ea6\u53ef\u4e4e\u3001\u5c45\u7c21\u800c\u884c\n\u7c21\u3001\u7121\u4e43\u5927\u7c21\u4e4e\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u96cd\u4e4b\u8a00\u7136\u3002\nCHAP. I. 1. The Master said, 'There is Yung!-- He might\noccupy the place of a prince.'\n2. Chung-kung asked about Tsze-sang Po-tsze. The Master\nsaid, 'He may pass. He does not mind small matters.'\n3. Chung-kung said, 'If a man cherish in himself a\nreverential feeling of the necessity of attention to business,\nthough he may be easy in small matters in his government of\nthe people, that may be allowed. But if he cherish in himself\nthat easy feeling, and also carry it out in his practice, is not\nsuch an easy mode of procedure excessive?'\n4. The Master said, 'Yung's words are right.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u54c0\u516c\u554f\u5f1f\u5b50\u5b70\u70ba\u597d\u5b78\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u6709\u984f\u56de\u8005\u597d\n\u5b78\u3001\u4e0d\u9077\u6012\u3001\u4e0d\u8cb3\u904e\u3001\u4e0d\u5e78\u77ed\u547d\u6b7b\u77e3\u3001\u4eca\u4e5f\u5247\u4ea1\u3001\u672a\u805e\u597d\u5b78\u8005\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u83ef\u4f7f\u65bc\u9f4a\u3001\u5189\u5b50\u70ba\u5176\u6bcd\u8acb\u7c9f\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8207\u4e4b\u91dc\u3002\u8acb\u76ca\u3002\n\u66f0\u3001\u8207\u4e4b\u5ebe\u3002\u5189\u5b50\u8207\u4e4b\u7c9f\u4e94\u79c9\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8d64\u4e4b\u9069\u9f4a\u4e5f\u3001\u4e58\u80a5\u99ac\u3001\u8863\u8f15\n\u88d8\u3001\u543e\nCHAP. II. The Duke Ai asked which of the disciples loved\nto learn. Confucius replied to him, 'There was Yen Hui; HE loved\nto learn. He did not transfer his anger; he did not repeat a fault.\nUnfortunately, his appointed time was short and he died; and\nnow there is not such another. I have not yet heard of any one\nwho loves to learn as he did.'\nCHAP. III. 1. Tsze-hwa being employed on a mission to\nCh'i, the disciple Zan requested grain for his mother. The\nMaster said, 'Give her a fu.' Yen requested more. 'Give her an\nyu,' said the Master. Yen gave her five ping.\n2. The Master said, 'When Ch'ih was proceeding to Ch'i, he\nhad fat horses to his carriage, and wore light furs. I have heard\nthat\n\u805e\u4e4b\u4e5f\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u5468\u6025\u3001\u4e0d\u7e7c\u5bcc\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u539f\u601d\u70ba\u4e4b\u5bb0\u3001\u8207\u4e4b\u7c9f\u4e5d\u767e\u3001\u8fad\u3002\u3010\u56db\n\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6bcb\u3001\u4ee5\u8207\u723e\u9130\u91cc\u9109\u9ee8\u4e4e\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8b02\u4ef2\u5f13\u66f0\u3001\u7281\u725b\u4e4b\u5b50\u9a02\u4e14\u89d2\u3001\u96d6\u6b32\u52ff\u7528\u3001\u5c71\u5ddd\u5176\u820d\u8af8\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u56de\u4e5f\u3001\u5176\u5fc3\u4e09\u6708\u4e0d\u9055\u4ec1\u3001\u5176\u9918\u3001\u5247\u65e5\u6708\u81f3\u7109\u800c\u5df2\u77e3\u3002\na superior man helps the distressed, but does not add to the\nwealth of the rich.'\n3. Yuan Sze being made governor of his town by the\nMaster, he gave him nine hundred measures of grain, but Sze\ndeclined them.\n4. The Master said, 'Do not decline them. May you not\ngive them away in the neighborhoods, hamlets, towns, and\nvillages?'\nCHAP. IV. The Master, speaking of Chung-kung, said, 'If\nthe calf of a brindled cow be red and horned, although men\nmay not wish to use it, would the spirits of the mountains and\nrivers put it aside?'\nCHAP. V. The Master said, 'Such was Hui that for three\nmonths there would be nothing in his mind contrary to perfect\nvirtue. The others may attain to this on some days or in some\nmonths, but nothing more.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b63\u5eb7\u5b50\u554f\u4ef2\u7531\u3001\u53ef\u4f7f\u5f9e\u653f\u4e5f\u8207\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7531\u4e5f\u679c\u3001\u65bc\u5f9e\u653f\u4e4e\u4f55\u6709\u3002\n\u66f0\u3001\u8cdc\u4e5f\u3001\u53ef\u4f7f\u5f9e\u653f\u4e5f\u8207\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u8cdc\u4e5f\u9054\u3001\u65bc\u5f9e\u653f\u4e4e\u4f55\u6709\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u6c42\u4e5f\u3001\u53ef\u4f7f\u5f9e\n\u653f\u4e5f\u8207\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u6c42\u4e5f\u85dd\u3001\u65bc\u5f9e\u653f\u4e4e\u4f55\u6709\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b63\u6c0f\u4f7f\u9594\u5b50\u9a2b\u70ba\u8cbb\u5bb0\u3001\u9594\u5b50\u9a2b\u66f0\u3001\u5584\u70ba\u6211\u8fad\u7109\u3001\u5982\u6709\u5fa9\u6211\u8005\u3001\u5247\n\u543e\u5fc5\u5728\u6c76\u4e0a\u77e3\u3002\nCHAP. VI. Chi K'ang asked about Chung-yu, whether he\nwas fit to be employed as an officer of government. The Master\nsaid, 'Yu is a man of decision; what difficulty would he find in\nbeing an officer of government?' K'ang asked, 'Is Ts'ze fit to be\nemployed as an officer of government?' and was answered,\n'Ts'ze is a man of intelligence; what difficulty would he find in\nbeing an officer of government?' And to the same question\nabout Ch'iu the Master gave the same reply, saying, 'Ch'iu is a\nman of various ability.'\nCHAP. VII. The chief of the Chi family sent to ask Min\nTsze-ch'ien to be governor of Pi. Min Tsze-ch'ien said, 'Decline\nthe offer for me politely. If any one come again to me with a\nsecond invitation, I shall be obliged to go and live on the banks\nof the Wan.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u4f2f\u725b\u6709\u75be\u3001\u5b50\u554f\u4e4b\u3001\u81ea\u7256\u57f7\u5176\u624b\u3001\u66f0\u3001\u4ea1\u4e4b\u3001\u547d\u77e3\u592b\u3001\u65af\u4eba\u4e5f\u3001\n\u800c\u6709\u65af\u75be\u4e5f\u3001\u65af\u4eba\u4e5f\u3001\u800c\u6709\u65af\u75be\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8ce2\u54c9\u56de\u4e5f\u3001\u4e00\u7c1e\u98df\u3001\u4e00\u74e2\u98f2\u3001\u5728\u964b\u5df7\u3001\u4eba\u4e0d\u582a\u5176\u6182\u3001\u56de\u4e5f\n\u4e0d\u6539\u5176\u6a02\u3001\u8ce2\u54c9\u56de\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5189\u6c42\u66f0\u3001\u975e\u4e0d\u8aaa\u5b50\u4e4b\u9053\u3001\u529b\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e5f\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u529b\u4e0d\nCHAP. VIII. Po-niu being ill, the Master went to ask for\nhim. He took hold of his hand through the window, and said, 'It\nis killing him. It is the appointment of Heaven, alas! That such a\nman should have such a sickness! That such a man should have\nsuch a sickness!'\nCHAP. IX. The Master said, 'Admirable indeed was\nthe virtue of Hui! With a single bamboo dish of rice, a single\ngourd dish of drink, and living in his mean narrow lane, while\nothers could not have endured the distress, he did not allow his\njoy to be affected by it. Admirable indeed was the virtue of\nHui!'\nCHAP. X. Yen Ch'iu said, 'It is not that I do not delight in\nyour doctrines, but my strength is insufficient.' The Master\nsaid, 'Those whose strength is insufficient give over in the\nmiddle of the way but now you limit yourself.'\n\u8db3\u8005\u3001\u4e2d\u9053\u800c\u5ee2\u3001\u4eca\u5973\u756b\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8b02\u5b50\u590f\u66f0\u3001\u5973\u70ba\u541b\u5b50\u5112\u3001\u7121\u70ba\u5c0f\u4eba\u5112\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u6e38\u70ba\u6b66\u57ce\u5bb0\u3001\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5973\u5f97\u4eba\u7109\u8033\u4e4e\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u6709\u6fb9\u81fa\u6ec5\u660e\u8005\u3001\u884c\u4e0d\n\u7531\u5f91\u3001\u975e\u516c\u4e8b\u3001\u672a\u5617\u81f3\u65bc\u5043\u4e4b\u5ba4\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5b5f\u4e4b\u53cd\u4e0d\u4f10\u3001\u5954\u800c\u6bbf\u3001\u5c07\u5165\u9580\u3001\u7b56\u5176\u99ac\u3001\u66f0\u3001\u975e\u6562\u5f8c\u4e5f\u3001\n\u99ac\u4e0d\u9032\u4e5f\u3002\nCHAP. XI. The Master said to Tsze-hsia, 'Do you be a\nscholar after the style of the superior man, and not after that of\nthe mean man.'\nCHAP. XII. Tsze-yu being governor of Wu-ch'ang, the\nMaster said to him, 'Have you got good men there?' He\nanswered, 'There is Tan-t'ai Mieh-ming, who never in walking\ntakes a short cut, and never comes to my office, excepting on\npublic business.'\nCHAP. XIII. The Master said, 'Mang Chih-fan does not\nboast of his merit. Being in the rear on an occasion of flight,\nwhen they were about to enter the gate, he whipped up his\nhorse, saying, \"It is not that I dare to be last. My horse would\nnot advance.\"'\n\u3010\u5341\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u6709\u795d\u9b80\u4e4b\u4f5e\u3001\u800c\u6709\u5b8b\u671d\u4e4b\u7f8e\u3001\u96e3\u4e4e\u514d\u65bc\u4eca\u4e4b\u4e16\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8ab0\u80fd\u51fa\u4e0d\u7531\u6236\uff1f\u4f55\u83ab\u7531\u65af\u9053\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8cea\u52dd\u6587\u5247\u91ce\u3001\u6587\u52dd\u8cea\u5247\u53f2\u3001\u6587\u8cea\u5f6c\u5f6c\u3001\u7136\u5f8c\u541b\u5b50\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4eba\u4e4b\u751f\u4e5f\u76f4\u3001\u7f54\u4e4b\u751f\u4e5f\u3001\u5e78\u800c\u514d\u3002\nCHAP. XIV. The Master said, 'Without the specious speech\nof the litanist T'o and the beauty of the prince Chao of Sung, it\nis difficult to escape in the present age.'\nCHAP. XV. The Master said, 'Who can go out but by the\ndoor? How is it that men will not walk according to these\nways?'\nCHAP. XVI. The Master said, 'Where the solid qualities are\nin excess of accomplishments, we have rusticity; where the\naccomplishments are in excess of the solid qualities, we have\nthe manners of a clerk. When the accomplishments and solid\nqualities are equally blended, we then have the man of virtue.'\nCHAP. XVII. The Master said, 'Man is born for\nuprightness. If a man lose his uprightness, and yet live, his\nescape from death is the effect of mere good fortune.'\n\u3010\u5341\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u77e5\u4e4b\u8005\u3001\u4e0d\u5982\u597d\u4e4b\u8005\u3001\u597d\u4e4b\u8005\u3001\u4e0d\u5982\u6a02\u4e4b\u8005\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e2d\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a9e\u4e0a\u4e5f\u3001\u4e2d\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a9e\u4e0a\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u4e8c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u6a0a\u9072\u554f\u77e5\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u52d9\u6c11\u4e4b\u7fa9\u3001\u656c\u9b3c\u795e\u800c\u9060\u4e4b\u3001\u53ef\u8b02\u77e5\u77e3\u3002\u554f\u4ec1\u3002\n\u66f0\u3001\u4ec1\u8005\u5148\u96e3\u800c\u5f8c\u7372\u3001\u53ef\nCHAP. XVIII. The Master said, 'They who know the truth\nare not equal to those who love it, and they who love it are not\nequal to those who delight in it.'\nCHAP. XIX. The Master said, 'To those whose talents are\nabove mediocrity, the highest subjects may be announced. To\nthose who are below mediocrity, the highest subjects may not\nbe announced.'\nCHAP. XX. Fan Ch'ih asked what constituted wisdom. The\nMaster said, 'To give one's self earnestly to the duties due to\nmen, and, while respecting spiritual beings, to keep aloof from\nthem, may be called wisdom.' He asked about perfect virtue.\nThe Master said, 'The man of virtue makes the difficulty to be\novercome his first business, and success only a subsequent\nconsideration;-- this may be called perfect virtue.'\n\u8b02\u4ec1\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u77e5\u8005\u6a02\u6c34\u3001\u4ec1\u8005\u6a02\u5c71\u3001\u77e5\u8005\u52d5\u3001\u4ec1\u8005\u975c\u3002\u77e5\u8005\u6a02\u3001\u4ec1\u8005\u58fd\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u9f4a\u4e00\u8b8a\u3001\u81f3\u65bc\u9b6f\u3001\u9b6f\u4e00\u8b8a\u3001\u81f3\u65bc\u9053\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u89da\u4e0d\u89da\u3001\u89da\u54c9\u89da\u54c9\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5bb0\u6211\u554f\u66f0\u3001\u4ec1\u8005\u96d6\u544a\u4e4b\u66f0\u3001\u4e95\u6709\u4ec1\u7109\u3001\u5176\u5f9e\u4e4b\nCHAP. XXI. The Master said, 'The wise find pleasure in\nwater; the virtuous find pleasure in hills. The wise are active;\nthe virtuous are tranquil. The wise are joyful; the virtuous are\nlong-lived.'\nCHAP. XXII. The Master said, 'Ch'i, by one change, would\ncome to the State of Lu. Lu, by one change, would come to a\nState where true principles predominated.'\nCHAP. XXIII. The Master said, 'A cornered vessel without\ncorners.-- A strange cornered vessel! A strange cornered\nvessel!'\nCHAP. XXIV. Tsai Wo asked, saying, 'A benevolent man,\nthough it be told him,-- 'There is a man in the well' will go in\nafter him, I suppose.' Confucius said, 'Why should he do so?' A\nsuperior\n\u4e5f\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4f55\u70ba\u5176\u7136\u4e5f\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u53ef\u901d\u4e5f\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u9677\u4e5f\u3001\u53ef\u6b3a\u4e5f\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u7f54\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u535a\u5b78\u65bc\u6587\u3001\u7d04\u4e4b\u4ee5\u79ae\u3001\u4ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f17\u7554\u77e3\u592b\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u898b\u5357\u5b50\u3001\u5b50\u8def\u4e0d\u8aaa\u3001\u592b\u5b50\u77e2\u4e4b\u3001\u66f0\u3001\u4e88\u6240\u5426\u8005\u3001\u5929\u53ad\u4e4b\u3001\u5929\u53ad\n\u4e4b\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e2d\u5eb8\u4e4b\u70ba\u5fb7\u4e5f\u3001\u5176\u81f3\u77e3\u4e4e\u3001\u6c11\u9bae\u4e45\u77e3\u3002\nman may be made to go to the well, but he cannot be made to\ngo down into it. He may be imposed upon, but he cannot be\nfooled.'\nCHAP. XXV. The Master said, 'The superior man,\nextensively studying all learning, and keeping himself under\nthe restraint of the rules of propriety, may thus likewise not\noverstep what is right.'\nCHAP. XXVI. The Master having visited Nan-tsze, Tsze-lu\nwas displeased, on which the Master swore, saying, 'Wherein I\nhave done improperly, may Heaven reject me, may Heaven\nreject me!'\nCHAP. XXVII. The Master said, 'Perfect is the virtue which\nis\n\u3010\u5eff\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u5982\u6709\u535a\u65bd\u65bc\u6c11\u3001\u800c\u80fd\u6fdf\u773e\u3001\u4f55\u5982\u3001\u53ef\u8b02\u4ec1\u4e4e\u3002\n\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4f55\u4e8b\u65bc\u4ec1\u3001\u5fc5\u4e5f\u8056\u4e4e\u3001\u582f\u821c\u5176\u7336\u75c5\u8af8\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u592b\u4ec1\u8005\u3001\u5df1\u6b32\u7acb\u800c\u7acb\n\u4eba\u3001\u5df1\u6b32\u9054\u800c\u9054\u4eba\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u80fd\u8fd1\u53d6\u8b6c\u3001\u53ef\u8b02\u4ec1\u4e4b\u65b9\u4e5f\u5df2\u3002\naccording to the Constant Mean! Rare for a long time has been\nits practise among the people.'\nCHAP. XXVIII. 1. Tsze-kung said, 'Suppose the case of a\nman extensively conferring benefits on the people, and able to\nassist all, what would you say of him? Might he be called\nperfectly virtuous?' The Master said, 'Why speak only of virtue\nin connexion with him? Must he not have the qualities of a\nsage? Even Yao and Shun were still solicitous about this.\n2. 'Now the man of perfect virtue, wishing to be\nestablished himself, seeks also to establish others; wishing to\nbe enlarged himself, he seeks also to enlarge others.\n3. 'To be able to judge of others by what is nigh in\nourselves;-- this may be called the art of virtue.'\n\u8ff0\u800c\u7b2c\u4e03\nBOOK VII. SHU R.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8ff0\u800c\u4e0d\u4f5c\u3001\u4fe1\u800c\u597d\u53e4\u3001\u7aca\u6bd4\u65bc\u6211\u8001\u5f6d\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u9ed8\u800c\u8b58\u4e4b\u3001\u5b78\u800c\u4e0d\u53ad\u3001\u8aa8\u4eba\u4e0d\u5026\u3001\u4f55\u6709\u65bc\u6211\u54c9\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5fb7\u4e4b\u4e0d\u8129\u3001\u5b78\u4e4b\u4e0d\u8b1b\u3001\u805e\u7fa9\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f92\u3001\u4e0d\u5584\u4e0d\u80fd\u6539\u3001\nCHAP. I. The Master said, 'A transmitter and not a maker,\nbelieving in and loving the ancients, I venture to compare\nmyself with our old P'ang.'\nCHAP. II. The Master said, 'The silent treasuring up of\nknowledge; learning without satiety; and instructing others\nwithout being wearied:-- which one of these things belongs to\nme?'\nCHAP. III. The Master said, 'The leaving virtue without\nproper cultivation; the not thoroughly discussing what is\nlearned; not being able to move towards righteousness of which\na knowledge is gained; and not being able to change what is not\ngood:-- these are the things which occasion me solicitude.'\n\u662f\u543e\u6182\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u4e4b\u71d5\u5c45\u3001\u7533\u7533\u5982\u4e5f\u3001\u592d\u592d\u5982\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u751a\u77e3\u543e\u8870\u4e5f\u3001\u4e45\u77e3\u3001\u543e\u4e0d\u5fa9\u5922\u898b\u5468\u516c\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5fd7\u65bc\u9053\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u64da\u65bc\u5fb7\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u4f9d\u65bc\u4ec1\u3002\u3010\u56db\n\u7bc0\u3011\u6e38\u65bc\u85dd\u3002\nCHAP. IV. When the Master was unoccupied with\nbusiness, his manner was easy, and he looked pleased.\nCHAP. V. The Master said, 'Extreme is my decay. For a\nlong time, I have not dreamed, as I was wont to do, that I saw\nthe duke of Chau.'\nCHAP. VI. 1. The Master said, 'Let the will be set on the\npath of duty.\n2. 'Let every attainment in what is good be firmly\ngrasped.\n3. 'Let perfect virtue be accorded with.\n4. 'Let relaxation and enjoyment be found in the polite\narts.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u81ea\u884c\u675f\u8129\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u543e\u672a\u5617\u7121\u8aa8\u7109\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u61a4\u4e0d\u555f\u3001\u4e0d\u60b1\u4e0d\u767c\u3001\u8209\u4e00\u9685\u3001\u4e0d\u4ee5\u4e09\u9685\u53cd\u3001\u5247\u4e0d\u5fa9\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u98df\u65bc\u6709\u55aa\u8005\u4e4b\u5074\u3001\u672a\u5617\u98fd\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u65bc\u662f\u65e5\u54ed\u3001\n\u5247\u4e0d\u6b4c\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8b02\u984f\u6df5\u66f0\u3001\u7528\u4e4b\u5247\u884c\u3001\u820d\u4e4b\u5247\u85cf\u3001\u60df\u6211\nCHAP. VII. The Master said, 'From the man bringing his\nbundle of dried flesh for my teaching upwards, I have never\nrefused instruction to any one.'\nCHAP. VIII. The Master said, 'I do not open up the truth\nto one who is not eager to get knowledge, nor help out any one\nwho is not anxious to explain himself. When I have presented\none corner of a subject to any one, and he cannot from it learn\nthe other three, I do not repeat my lesson.'\nCHAP. IX. 1. When the Master was eating by the side of a\nmourner, he never ate to the full.\n2. He did not sing on the same day in which he had been\nweeping.\nCHAP. X. 1. The Master said to Yen Yuan, 'When called to\noffice, to undertake its duties; when not so called, to lie\nretired;-- it is only I and you who have attained to this.'\n\u8207\u723e\u6709\u662f\u592b\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u66f0\u3001\u5b50\u884c\u4e09\u8ecd\u5247\u8ab0\u8207\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u66b4\u864e\u99ae\u6cb3\u3001\n\u6b7b\u800c\u7121\u6094\u8005\u3001\u543e\u4e0d\u8207\u4e5f\u3001\u5fc5\u4e5f\u81e8\u4e8b\u800c\u61fc\u3001\u597d\u8b00\u800c\u6210\u8005\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5bcc\u800c\u53ef\u6c42\u4e5f\u3001\u96d6\u57f7\u97ad\u4e4b\u58eb\u3001\u543e\u4ea6\u70ba\u4e4b\u3001\u5982\u4e0d\u53ef\u6c42\u3001\u5f9e\u543e\u6240\n\u597d\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u4e4b\u6240\u614e\u3001\u9f4a\u3001\u6230\u3001\u75be\u3002\n2. Tsze-lu said, 'If you had the conduct of the armies of a\ngreat State, whom would you have to act with you?'\n3. The Master said, 'I would not have him to act with me,\nwho will unarmed attack a tiger, or cross a river without a\nboat, dying without any regret. My associate must be the man\nwho proceeds to action full of solicitude, who is fond of\nadjusting his plans, and then carries them into execution.'\nCHAP. XI. The Master said, 'If the search for riches is sure\nto be successful, though I should become a groom with whip in\nhand to get them, I will do so. As the search may not be\nsuccessful, I will follow after that which I love.'\nCHAP. XII. The things in reference to which the Master\nexercised the greatest caution were -- fasting, war, and\nsickness.\n\u3010\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u5728\u9f4a\u805e\u97f6\u3001\u4e09\u6708\u4e0d\u77e5\u8089\u5473\u3001\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u5716\u70ba\u6a02\u4e4b\u81f3\u65bc\u65af\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5189\u6709\u66f0\u3001\u592b\u5b50\u70ba\u885b\u541b\u4e4e\u3002\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u8afe\u3001\u543e\u5c07\u554f\u4e4b\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\n\u7bc0\u3011\u5165\u66f0\u3001\u4f2f\u5937\u53d4\u9f4a\u3001\u4f55\u4eba\u4e5f\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u53e4\u4e4b\u8ce2\u4eba\u4e5f\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u6028\u4e4e\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u6c42\u4ec1\u800c\u5f97\n\u4ec1\u3001\u53c8\u4f55\u6028\u3002\u51fa\u66f0\u3001\u592b\u5b50\u4e0d\u70ba\u4e5f\u3002\nCHAP. XIII. When the Master was in Ch'i, he heard the\nShao, and for three months did not know the taste of flesh. 'I\ndid not think'' he said, 'that music could have been made so\nexcellent as this.'\nCHAP. XIV. 1. Yen Yu said, 'Is our Master for the ruler of\nWei?' Tsze-kung said, 'Oh! I will ask him.'\n2. He went in accordingly, and said, 'What sort of men\nwere Po-i and Shu-ch'i?' 'They were ancient worthies,' said the\nMaster. 'Did they have any repinings because of their course?'\nThe Master again replied, 'They sought to act virtuously, and\nthey did so; what was there for them to repine about?' On this,\nTsze-kung went out and said, 'Our Master is not for him.'\n\u3010\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u98ef\u758f\u98df\u98f2\u6c34\u3001\u66f2\u80b1\u800c\u6795\u4e4b\u3001\u6a02\u4ea6\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u77e3\u3001\u4e0d\u7fa9\u800c\u5bcc\u4e14\u8cb4\u3001\n\u65bc\u6211\u5982\u6d6e\u96f2\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u52a0\u6211\u6578\u5e74\u3001\u4e94\u5341\u4ee5\u5b78\u6613\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u7121\u5927\u904e\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u6240\u96c5\u8a00\u3001\u8a69\uff64\u66f8\uff64\u57f7\u79ae\u3001\u7686\u96c5\u8a00\u4e5f\u3002\nCHAP. XV. The Master said, 'With coarse rice to eat, with\nwater to drink, and my bended arm for a pillow;-- I have still\njoy in the midst of these things. Riches and honours acquired\nby unrighteousness, are to me as a floating cloud.'\nCHAP. XVI. The Master said, 'If some years were added to\nmy life, I would give fifty to the study of the Yi, and then I\nmight come to be without great faults.'\nCHAP. XVII The Master's frequent themes of discourse\nwere-- the Odes, the History, and the maintenance of the Rules\nof Propriety. On all these he frequently discoursed.\n\u3010\u5341\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u8449\u516c\u554f\u5b54\u5b50\u65bc\u5b50\u8def\u3001\u5b50\u8def\u4e0d\u5c0d\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5973\u595a\u4e0d\n\u66f0\u3001\u5176\u70ba\u4eba\u4e5f\u3001\u767c\u61a4\u5fd8\u98df\u3001\u6a02\u4ee5\u5fd8\u6182\u3001\u4e0d\u77e5\u8001\u4e4b\u5c07\u81f3\u4e91\u723e\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6211\u975e\u751f\u800c\u77e5\u4e4b\u8005\u3001\u597d\u53e4\u3001\u654f\u4ee5\u6c42\u4e4b\u8005\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u4e8c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u4e0d\u8a9e\u3001\u602a\u3001\u529b\u3001\u4e82\u3001\u795e\u3002\nCHAP. XVIII. 1. The Duke of Sheh asked Tsze-lu about\nConfucius, and Tsze-lu did not answer him.\n2. The Master said, 'Why did you not say to him,-- He is\nsimply a man, who in his eager pursuit (of knowledge) forgets\nhis food, who in the joy of its attainment forgets his sorrows,\nand who does not perceive that old age is coming on?'\nCHAP. XIX. The Master said, 'I am not one who was born\nin the possession of knowledge; I am one who is fond of\nantiquity, and earnest in seeking it there.'\nCHAP. XX. The subjects on which the Master did not talk,\nwere-- extraordinary things, feats of strength, disorder, and\nspiritual beings.\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e09\u4eba\u884c\u3001\u5fc5\u6709\u6211\u5e2b\u7109\u3001\u64c7\u5176\u5584\u8005\u800c\u5f9e\u4e4b\u3001\u5176\u4e0d\u5584\u8005\u800c\u6539\u4e4b\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5929\u751f\u5fb7\u65bc\u4e88\u3001\u6853\u9b4b\u5176\u5982\u4e88\u4f55\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e8c\u4e09\u5b50\u3001\u4ee5\u6211\u70ba\u96b1\u4e4e\u3001\u543e\u7121\u96b1\u4e4e\u723e\u3001\u543e\u7121\u884c\u800c\u4e0d\u8207\u4e8c\u4e09\u5b50\n\u8005\u3001\u662f\u4e18\u4e5f\u3001\n\u3010\u5eff\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u4ee5\u56db\u6559\u3001\u6587\u3001\u884c\u3001\u5fe0\u3001\u4fe1\u3002\nCHAP. XXI. The Master said, 'When I walk along with two\nothers, they may serve me as my teachers. I will select their\ngood qualities and follow them, their bad qualities and avoid\nthem.'\nCHAP. XXII. The Master said, 'Heaven produced the virtue\nthat is in me. Hwan T'ui-- what can he do to me?'\nCHAP. XXIII. The Master said, 'Do you think, my disciples,\nthat I have any concealments? I conceal nothing from you.\nThere is nothing which I do that is not shown to you, my\ndisciples;-- that is my way.'\nCHAP. XXIV. There were four things which the Master\ntaught,-- letters, ethics, devotion of soul, and truthfulness.\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8056\u4eba\u543e\u4e0d\u5f97\u800c\u898b\u4e4b\u77e3\u3001\u5f97\u898b\u541b\u5b50\u8005\u3001\u65af\u53ef\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\n\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5584\u4eba\u543e\u4e0d\u5f97\u800c\u898b\u4e4b\u77e3\u3001\u5f97\u898b\u6709\u6046\u8005\u3001\u65af\u53ef\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u4ea1\u800c\u70ba\u6709\u3001\n\u865b\u800c\u70ba\u76c8\u3001\u7d04\u800c\u70ba\u6cf0\u3001\u96e3\u4e4e\u6709\u6046\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u91e3\u800c\u4e0d\u7db1\u3001\u5f0b\u4e0d\u5c04\u5bbf\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u84cb\u6709\u4e0d\u77e5\u800c\u4f5c\nCHAP. XXV. 1. The Master said, 'A sage it is not mine to\nsee; could I see a man of real talent and virtue, that would\nsatisfy me.'\n2. The Master said, 'A good man it is not mine to see;\ncould I see a man possessed of constancy, that would satisfy\nme.\n3. 'Having not and yet affecting to have, empty and yet\naffecting to be full, straitened and yet affecting to be at ease:--\nit is difficult with such characteristics to have constancy.'\nCHAP. XXVI. The Master angled,-- but did not use a net.\nHe shot,-- but not at birds perching.\nCHAP. XXVII. The Master said, 'There may be those who\nact without knowing why. I do not do so. Hearing much and\nselecting what is good and following it; seeing much and\nkeeping it in memory:-- this is the second style of knowledge.'\n\u4e4b\u8005\u3001\u6211\u7121\u662f\u4e5f\u3002\u591a\u805e\u3001\u64c7\u5176\u5584\u8005\u800c\u5f9e\u4e4b\u3001\u591a\u898b\u800c\u8b58\u4e4b\u3001\u77e5\u4e4b\u6b21\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u4e92\u9109\u96e3\u8207\u8a00\u3001\u7ae5\u5b50\u898b\u3001\u9580\u4eba\u60d1\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8207\u5176\u9032\n\u4e5f\u3001\u4e0d\u8207\u5176\u9000\u4e5f\u3001\u552f\u4f55\u751a\u3001\u4eba\u6f54\u5df1\u4ee5\u9032\u3001\u8207\u5176\u6f54\u4e5f\u3001\u4e0d\u4fdd\u5176\u5f80\u4e5f\u3002\n\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4ec1\u9060\u4e4e\u54c9\u3001\u6211\u6b32\u4ec1\u3001\u65af\u4ec1\u81f3\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u4e09\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u9673\u53f8\u6557\u554f\u662d\u516c\u77e5\u79ae\u4e4e\u3002\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u77e5\u79ae\u3002\u5b54\u5b50\u9000\u3001\u63d6\u5deb\u99ac\n\u671f\u800c\u9032\nCHAP. XXVIII. 1. It was difficult to talk (profitably and\nreputably) with the people of Hu-hsiang, and a lad of that place\nhaving had an interview with the Master, the disciples\ndoubted.\n2. The Master said, 'I admit people's approach to me\nwithout committing myself as to what they may do when they\nhave retired. Why must one be so severe? If a man purify\nhimself to wait upon me, I receive him so purified, without\nguaranteeing his past conduct.'\nCHAP. XXIX. The Master said, 'Is virtue a thing remote? I\nwish to be virtuous, and lo! virtue is at hand.'\nCHAP. XXX. 1. The minister of crime of Ch'an asked\nwhether the duke Chao knew propriety, and Confucius said, 'He\nknew propriety.'\n2. Confucius having retired, the minister bowed to Wu-\nma Ch'i\n\u4e4b\u3001\u66f0\u3001\u543e\u805e\u541b\u5b50\u4e0d\u9ee8\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4ea6\u9ee8\u4e4e\u3001\u541b\u53d6\u65bc\u5433\u70ba\u540c\u59d3\u3001\u8b02\u4e4b\u5433\u5b5f\u5b50\u3001\u541b\u800c\n\u77e5\u79ae\u3001\u5b70\u4e0d\u77e5\u79ae\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011 \u5deb\u99ac\u671f\u4ee5\u544a\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e18\u4e5f\u5e78\u3001\u82df\u6709\u904e\u3001\u4eba\u5fc5\u77e5\n\u4e4b\u3002\n\u3010\u5345\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8207\u4eba\u6b4c\u3001\u800c\u5584\u3001\u5fc5\u4f7f\u53cd\u4e4b\u3001\u800c\u5f8c\u548c\u4e4b\u3002\n\u3010\u5345\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6587\u3001\u83ab\u543e\u7336\u4eba\nto come forward, and said, 'I have heard that the superior man\nis not a partisan. May the superior man be a partisan also? The\nprince married a daughter of the house of Wu, of the same\nsurname with himself, and called her,-- \"The elder Tsze of Wu.\"\nIf the prince knew propriety, who does not know it?'\n3. Wu-ma Ch'i reported these remarks, and the Master\nsaid, 'I am fortunate! If I have any errors, people are sure to\nknow them.'\nCHAP. XXXI. When the Master was in company with a\nperson who was singing, if he sang well, he would make him\nrepeat the song, while he accompanied it with his own voice.\nCHAP. XXXII. The Master said, 'In letters I am perhaps\nequal to other men, but the character of the superior man,\ncarrying out in his conduct what he professes, is what I have\nnot yet attained to.'\n\u4e5f\u3001\u8eac\u884c\u541b\u5b50\u3001\u5247\u543e\u672a\u4e4b\u6709\u5f97\u3002\n\u3010\u5345\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u82e5\u8056\u8207\u4ec1\u3001\u5247\u543e\u8c48\u6562\u3001\u6291\u70ba\u4e4b\u4e0d\u53ad\u3001\u8aa8\u4eba\u4e0d\u5026\u3001\u5247\u53ef\u8b02\u4e91\n\u723e\u5df2\u77e3\u3002\u516c\u897f\u83ef\u66f0\u3001\u6b63\u552f\u5f1f\u5b50\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b78\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5345\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u75be\u75c5\u3002\u5b50\u8def\u8acb\u79b1\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6709\u8af8\u3002\u5b50\u8def\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u6709\u4e4b\u3001\u8a84\u66f0\u3001\u79b1\u723e\n\u65bc\u4e0a\u4e0b\u795e\n\u7957 \u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e18\u4e4b\u79b1\u4e45\u77e3\u3002\nCHAP. XXXIII. The Master said, 'The sage and the man of\nperfect virtue;-- how dare I rank myself with them? It may\nsimply be said of me, that I strive to become such without\nsatiety, and teach others without weariness.' Kung-hsi Hwa\nsaid, 'This is just what we, the disciples, cannot imitate you in.'\nCHAP. XXXIV. The Master being very sick, Tsze-lu asked\nleave to pray for him. He said, 'May such a thing be done?'\nTsze-lu replied, 'It may. In the Eulogies it is said, \"Prayer has\nbeen made for thee to the spirits of the upper and lower\nworlds.\"' The Master said, 'My praying has been for a long\ntime.'\n\u3010\u5345\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5962\u5247\u4e0d\u5b6b\u3001\u5109\u5247\u56fa\u3001\u8207\u5176\u4e0d\u5b6b\u4e5f\u3001\u5be7\u56fa\u3002\n\u3010\u5345\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u5766\u8569\u8569\u3001\u5c0f\u4eba\u9577\u621a\u621a\u3002\n\u3010\u5345\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u6eab\u800c\u53b2\u3001\u5a01\u800c\u4e0d\u731b\u3001\u606d\u800c\u5b89\u3002\nCHAP. XXXV. The Master said, 'Extravagance leads to\ninsubordination, and parsimony to meanness. It is better to be\nmean than to be insubordinate.'\nCHAP. XXXVI. The Master said, 'The superior man is\nsatisfied and composed; the mean man is always full of\ndistress.'\nCHAP. XXXVII. The Master was mild, and yet dignified;\nmajestic, and yet not fierce; respectful, and yet easy.\n\u6cf0\u4f2f\u7b2c\u516b\nBOOK VIII. T'AI-PO.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u592a\u4f2f\u5176\u53ef\u8b02\u81f3\u5fb7\u4e5f\u5df2\u77e3\u3001\u4e09\u4ee5\u5929\u4e0b\u8b93\u3001\u6c11\u7121\u5f97\u800c\u7a31\u7109\u3002\nCHAP. I. The Master said, 'T'ai-po may be said to have\nreached the highest point of virtuous action. Thrice he declined\nthe kingdom, and the people in ignorance of his motives could\nnot express their approbation of his conduct.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u606d\u800c\u7121\u79ae\u5247\u52de\u3001\u614e\u800c\u7121\u79ae\u5247\u8478\u3001\u52c7\u800c\u7121\u79ae\u5247\u4e82\u3001\n\u76f4\u800c\u7121\u79ae\u5247\u7d5e\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u541b\u5b50\u7be4\u65bc\u89aa\u3001\u5247\u6c11\u8208\u65bc\u4ec1\u3001\u6545\u820a\u4e0d\u907a\u3001\u5247\u6c11\u4e0d\u5077\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u66fe\u5b50\u6709\u75be\u3001\u53ec\u9580\u5f1f\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u555f\u4e88\nCHAP. II. 1. The Master said, 'Respectfulness, without the\nrules of propriety, becomes laborious bustle; carefulness,\nwithout the rules of propriety, becomes timidity; boldness,\nwithout the rules of propriety, becomes insubordination;\nstraightforwardness, without the rules of propriety, becomes\nrudeness.\n2. 'When those who are in high stations perform well all\ntheir duties to their relations, the people are aroused to virtue.\nWhen old friends are not neglected by them, the people are\npreserved from meanness.'\nCHAP. III. The philosopher Tsang being ill, he called to\nhim the disciples of his school, and said, 'Uncover my feet,\nuncover my hands. It is said in the Book of Poetry, \"We should\nbe apprehensive and cautious, as if on the brink of a deep gulf,\nas if treading on thin ice,\" and so have I been. Now and\nhereafter, I know my escape from all injury to my person, O ye,\nmy little children.'\n\u8db3\u3001\u555f\u4e88\u624b\u3001\u8a69\u4e91\u3001\u6230\u6230\u5162\u5162\u3001\u5982\u81e8\u6df1\u6df5\u3001\u5982\u5c65\u8584\u51b0\u3001\u800c\u4eca\u800c\u5f8c\u3001\u543e\u77e5\u514d\u592b\u3001\n\u5c0f\u5b50\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u66fe\u5b50\u6709\u75be\u3001\u5b5f\u656c\u5b50\u554f\u4e4b\u3002\u66fe\u5b50\u8a00\u66f0\u3001\u9ce5\u4e4b\u5c07\u6b7b\u3001\u5176\u9cf4\u4e5f\n\u54c0\u3001\u4eba\u4e4b\u5c07\u6b7b\u3001\u5176\u8a00\u4e5f\u5584\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u541b\u5b50\u6240\u8cb4\u4e4e\u9053\u8005\u4e09\u3001\u52d5\u5bb9\u8c8c\u3001\u65af\u9060\u66b4\u6162\n\u77e3\u3001\u6b63\u984f\u8272\u3001\u65af\u8fd1\u4fe1\u7b11\u3001\u51fa\u8fad\u6c23\u3001\u65af\u9060\u9119\u500d\u77e3\u3001\u7c69\u8c46\u4e4b\u4e8b\u3001\u5247\u6709\u53f8\u5b58\u3002\nCHAP. IV. 1. The philosopher Tsang being ill, Meng Chang\nwent to ask how he was.\n2. Tsang said to him, 'When a bird is about to die, its\nnotes are mournful; when a man is about to die, his words are\ngood.\n3. 'There are three principles of conduct which the man of\nhigh rank should consider specially important:-- that in his\ndeportment and manner he keep from violence and\nheedlessness; that in regulating his countenance he keep near\nto sincerity; and that in his words and tones he keep far from\nlowness and impropriety. As to such matters as attending to\nthe sacrificial vessels, there are the proper officers for them.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u66fe\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4ee5\u80fd\u554f\u65bc\u4e0d\u80fd\u3001\u4ee5\u591a\u554f\u65bc\u5be1\u3001\u6709\u82e5\u7121\u3001\u5be6\u82e5\u8655\u3001\u72af\u800c\u4e0d\n\u6821\u3001\u6614\u8005\u543e\u53cb\u3001\u5617\u5f9e\u4e8b\u65bc\u65af\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u66fe\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a17\u516d\u5c3a\u4e4b\u5b64\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bc4\u767e\u91cc\u4e4b\u547d\u3001\u81e8\u5927\u7bc0\u3001\u800c\u4e0d\u53ef\u596a\n\u4e5f\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4eba\u8207\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4eba\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u66fe\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u58eb\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5f18\u6bc5\u3001\u4efb\u91cd\u800c\u9053\u9060\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u4ec1\n\u4ee5\u70ba\u5df1\nCHAP. V. The philosopher Tsang said, 'Gifted with ability,\nand yet putting questions to those who were not so; possessed\nof much, and yet putting questions to those possessed of little;\nhaving, as though he had not; full, and yet counting himself as\nempty; offended against, and yet entering into no altercation;\nformerly I had a friend who pursued this style of conduct.'\nCHAP. VI. The philosopher Tsang said, 'Suppose that there\nis an individual who can be entrusted with the charge of a\nyoung orphan prince, and can be commissioned with authority\nover a state of a hundred li, and whom no emergency however\ngreat can drive from his principles:-- is such a man a superior\nman? He is a superior man indeed.'\nCHAP. VII. 1. The philosopher Tsang said, 'The officer\nmay not be without breadth of mind and vigorous endurance.\nHis burden is heavy and his course is long.\n\u4efb\u3001\u4e0d\u4ea6\u91cd\u4e4e\u3001\u6b7b\u800c\u5f8c\u5df2\u3001\u4e0d\u4ea6\u9060\u4e4e\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8208\u65bc\u8a69\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u7acb\u65bc\u79ae\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u6210\u65bc\u6a02\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6c11\u53ef\u4f7f\u7531\u4e4b\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u4f7f\u77e5\u4e4b\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u597d\u52c7\u75be\u8ca7\u3001\u4e82\u4e5f\u3001\u4eba\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec1\u3001\u75be\u4e4b\u5df2\u751a\u3001\u4e82\u4e5f\u3002\n2. 'Perfect virtue is the burden which he considers it is\nhis to sustain;-- is it not heavy? Only with death does his\ncourse stop;-- is it not long?\nCHAP. VIII. 1. The Master said, 'It is by the Odes that the\nmind is aroused.\n2. 'It is by the Rules of Propriety that the character is\nestablished.\n3. 'It is from Music that the finish is received.'\nCHAP. IX. The Master said, 'The people may be made to\nfollow a path of action, but they may not be made to\nunderstand it.'\nCHAP. X. The Master said, 'The man who is fond of daring\nand is dissatisfied with poverty, will proceed to\ninsubordination. So will the man who is not virtuous, when you\ncarry your dislike of him to an extreme.'\n\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5982\u6709\u5468\u516c\u4e4b\u624d\u4e4b\u7f8e\u3001\u4f7f\u9a55\u4e14\u541d\u3001\u5176\u9918\u4e0d\u8db3\u89c0\u4e5f\u5df2\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e09\u5e74\u5b78\u3001\u4e0d\u81f3\u65bc\u7a40\u3001\u4e0d\u6613\u5f97\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7be4\u4fe1\u597d\u5b78\u3001\u5b88\u6b7b\u5584\u9053\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5371\u90a6\u4e0d\u5165\u3001\u4e82\u90a6\n\u4e0d\u5c45\u3001\u5929\u4e0b\u6709\u9053\u5247\u898b\u3001\u7121\u9053\u5247\u96b1\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u90a6\u6709\u9053\u3001\u8ca7\u4e14\u8ce4\u7109\u3001\u6065\u4e5f\u3001\u90a6\u7121\n\u9053\u3001\u5bcc\u4e14\u8cb4\u7109\u3001\u6065\u4e5f\u3002\nCHAP. XI. The Master said, 'Though a man have abilities\nas admirable as those of the Duke of Chau, yet if he be proud\nand niggardly, those other things are really not worth being\nlooked at.'\nCHAP. XII. The Master said, 'It is not easy to find a man\nwho has learned for three years without coming to be good.'\nCHAP. XIII. 1. The Master said, 'With sincere faith he\nunites the love of learning; holding firm to death, he is\nperfecting the excellence of his course.\n2. 'Such an one will not enter a tottering State, nor dwell\nin a disorganized one. When right principles of government\nprevail in the kingdom, he will show himself; when they are\nprostrated, he will keep concealed.\n3. 'When a country is well-governed, poverty and a mean\ncondition are things to be ashamed of. When a country is ill-\ngoverned, riches and honour are things to be ashamed of.'\n\u3010\u5341\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u5728\u5176\u4f4d\u3001\u4e0d\u8b00\u5176\u653f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5e2b\u646f\u4e4b\u59cb\u3001\u95dc\u7762\u4e4b\u4e82\u3001\u6d0b\u6d0b\u4e4e\u76c8\u8033\u54c9\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u72c2\u800c\u4e0d\u76f4\u3001\u4f97\u800c\u4e0d\u613f\u3001\u60be\u60be\u800c\u4e0d\u4fe1\u3001\u543e\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e4b\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5b78\u5982\u4e0d\u53ca\u3001\u7336\u6050\u5931\u4e4b\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5dcd\u5dcd\u4e4e\u3001\u821c\u79b9\u4e4b\nCHAP. XIV. The Master said, 'He who is not in any\nparticular office, has nothing to do with plans for the\nadministration of its duties.'\nCHAP. XV. The Master said, 'When the music master Chih\nfirst entered on his office, the finish of the Kwan Tsu was\nmagnificent;-- how it filled the ears!'\nCHAP. XVI. The Master said, 'Ardent and yet not upright;\nstupid and yet not attentive; simple and yet not sincere:-- such\npersons I do not understand.'\nCHAP. XVII. The Master said, 'Learn as if you could not\nreach your object, and were always fearing also lest you should\nlose it.'\nCHAP. XVIII. The Master said, 'How majestic was the\nmanner in which Shun and Yu held possession of the empire, as\nif it were nothing to them!'\n\u6709\u5929\u4e0b\u4e5f\u3001\u800c\u4e0d\u8207\u7109\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5927\u54c9\u3001\u582f\u4e4b\u70ba\u541b\u4e5f\u3001\u5dcd\u5dcd\u4e4e\u3001\u552f\u5929\u70ba\u5927\u3001\u552f\u582f\u5247\n\u4e4b\u3001\u8569\u8569\u4e4e\u3001\u6c11\u7121\u80fd\u540d\u7109\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5dcd\u5dcd\u4e4e\u3001\u5176\u6709\u6210\u529f\u4e5f\u3001\u7165\u4e4e\u3001\u5176\u6709\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\n\u3010\u4e8c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u821c\u6709\u81e3\u4e94\u4eba\u3001\u800c\u5929\u4e0b\u6cbb\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u6b66\u738b\u66f0\u3001\u4e88\u6709\u4e82\u81e3\u5341\n\u4eba\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u624d\u96e3\u3001\u4e0d\u5176\u7136\u4e4e\u3001\u5510\u865e\u4e4b\u969b\u3001\u65bc\u65af\u70ba\u76db\u3001\nCHAP. XIX. 1. The Master said, 'Great indeed was Yao as a\nsovereign! How majestic was he! It is only Heaven that is\ngrand, and only Yao corresponded to it. How vast was his\nvirtue! The people could find no name for it.\n2. 'How majestic was he in the works which he\naccomplished! How glorious in the elegant regulations which he\ninstituted!'\nCHAP. XX. 1. Shun had five ministers, and the empire was\nwell-governed.\n2. King Wu said, 'I have ten able ministers.'\n3. Confucius said, 'Is not the saying that talents are\ndifficult to find, true? Only when the dynasties of T'ang and Yu\nmet, were they more abundant than in this of Chau, yet there\nwas a woman among them. The able ministers were no more\nthan nine men.\n\u6709\u5a66\u4eba\u7109\u3001\u4e5d\u4eba\u800c\u5df2\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u4e09\u5206\u5929\u4e0b\u6709\u5176\u4e8c\u3001\u4ee5\u670d\u4e8b\u6bb7\u3001\u5468\u4e4b\u5fb7\u3001\u5176\u53ef\u8b02\n\u81f3\u5fb7\u4e5f\u5df2\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u79b9\u543e\u7121\u9593\u7136\u77e3\u3001\u83f2\u98f2\u98df\u3001\u800c\u81f4\u5b5d\u4e4e\u9b3c\u795e\u3001\u60e1\u8863\u670d\u3001\u800c\u81f4\u7f8e\n\u4e4e\u9efb\u5195\u3001\u5351\u5bae\u5ba4\u3001\u800c\u76e1\u529b\u4e4e\u6e9d\u6064\u3001\u79b9\u543e\u7121\u9593\u7136\u77e3\u3002\n4. 'King Wan possessed two of the three parts of the\nempire, and with those he served the dynasty of Yin. The\nvirtue of the house of Chau may be said to have reached the\nhighest point indeed.'\nCHAP. XXI. The Master said, 'I can find no flaw in the\ncharacter of Yu. He used himself coarse food and drink, but\ndisplayed the utmost filial piety towards the spirits. His\nordinary garments were poor, but he displayed the utmost\nelegance in his sacrificial cap and apron. He lived in a low mean\nhouse, but expended all his strength on the ditches and water-\nchannels. I can find nothing like a flaw in Yu.'\n\u5b50\u7f55\u7b2c\u4e5d\nBOOK IX. TSZE HAN.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u7f55\u8a00\u3001\u5229\u3001\u8207\u547d\u3001\u8207\u4ec1\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u9054\u5df7\u9ee8\u4eba\u66f0\u3001\u5927\u54c9\u5b54\u5b50\u3001\u640f\u5b78\u800c\u7121\u6240\u6210\u540d\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\n\u805e\u4e4b\u3001\u8b02\u9580\u5f1f\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u543e\u4f55\u57f7\u3001\u57f7\u5fa1\u4e4e\u3001\u57f7\u5c04\u4e4e\u3001\u543e\u57f7\u5fa1\u77e3\u3002\nCHAP. I. The subjects of which the Master seldom spoke\nwere-- profitableness, and also the appointments of Heaven,\nand perfect virtue.\nCHAP. II. 1. A man of the village of Ta-hsiang said, 'Great\nindeed is the philosopher K'ung! His learning is extensive, and\nyet he does not render his name famous by any particular\nthing.'\n2. The Master heard the observation, and said to his\ndisciples, 'What shall I practise? Shall I practise charioteering,\nor shall I practise archery? I will practise charioteering.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u9ebb\u5195\u3001\u79ae\u4e5f\u3001\u4eca\u4e5f\u7d14\u3001\u5109\u3001\u543e\u5f9e\u773e\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u62dc\n\u4e0b\u3001\u79ae\u4e5f\u3002\u4eca\u62dc\u4e4e\u4e0a\u3001\u6cf0\u4e5f\u3001\u96d6\u9060\u773e\u3001\u543e\u5f9e\u4e0b\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u7d55\u56db\u3001\u6bcb\u610f\u3001\u6bcb\u5fc5\u3001\u6bcb\u56fa\u3001\u6bcb\u6211\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u754f\u65bc\u5321\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u66f0\u3001\u6587\u738b\u65e2\u6c92\u3001\u6587\u4e0d\u5728\u8332\u4e4e\u3002\u3010\u4e09\n\u7bc0\u3011\u5929\u4e4b\u5c07\u55aa\u65af\u6587\u4e5f\u3001\u5f8c\u6b7b\u8005\u4e0d\u5f97\u8207\u65bc\u65af\u6587\u4e5f\u3001\nCHAP. III. 1. The Master said, 'The linen cap is that\nprescribed by the rules of ceremony, but now a silk one is\nworn. It is economical, and I follow the common practice.\n2. 'The rules of ceremony prescribe the bowing below the\nhall, but now the practice is to bow only after ascending it. That\nis arrogant. I continue to bow below the hall, though I oppose\nthe common practice.'\nCHAP. IV. There were four things from which the Master\nwas entirely free. He had no foregone conclusions, no arbitrary\npredeterminations, no obstinacy, and no egoism.\nCHAP. V. 1. The Master was put in fear in K'wang.\n2. He said, 'After the death of King Wan, was not the\ncause of truth lodged here in me?\n\u5929\u4e4b\u672a\u55aa\u65af\u6587\u4e5f\u3001\u5321\u4eba\u5176\u5982\u4e88\u4f55\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5927\u5bb0\u554f\u65bc\u5b50\u8ca2\u3001\u66f0\u3001\u592b\u5b50\u8056\u8005\u8207\u3001\u4f55\u5176\u591a\u80fd\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\n\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u56fa\u5929\u7e31\u4e4b\u5c07\u8056\u3001\u53c8\u591a\u80fd\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u805e\u4e4b\u66f0\u3001\u5927\u5bb0\u77e5\u6211\u4e4e\u3001\u543e\u5c11\n\u4e5f\u8ce4\u3001\u6545\u591a\u80fd\u3001\u9119\u4e8b\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u591a\u4e4e\u54c9\u3001\u4e0d\u591a\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u7262\u66f0\u3001\u5b50\u4e91\u3001\u543e\u4e0d\u8a66\u3001\n\u6545\u85dd\u3002\n3. 'If Heaven had wished to let this cause of truth perish,\nthen I, a future mortal, should not have got such a relation to\nthat cause. While Heaven does not let the cause of truth perish,\nwhat can the people of K'wang do to me?'\nCHAP. VI. 1. A high officer asked Tsze-kung, saying, 'May\nwe not say that your Master is a sage? How various is his\nability!'\n2. Tsze-kung said, 'Certainly Heaven has endowed him\nunlimitedly. He is about a sage. And, moreover, his ability is\nvarious.'\n3. The Master heard of the conversation and said, 'Does\nthe high officer know me? When I was young, my condition\nwas low, and therefore I acquired my ability in many things,\nbut they were mean matters. Must the superior man have such\nvariety of ability? He does not need variety of ability.'\n4. Lao said, 'The Master said, \"Having no official\nemployment, I acquired many arts.\"'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u543e\u6709\u77e5\u4e4e\u54c9\u3001\u7121\u77e5\u4e5f\u3001\u6709\u9119\u592b\u554f\u65bc\u6211\u3001\u7a7a\u7a7a\u5982\u4e5f\u3001\u6211\u53e9\u5176\n\u5169\u7aef\u800c\u7aed\u7109\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u9cf3\u9ce5\u4e0d\u81f3\u3001\u6cb3\u4e0d\u51fa\u5716\u3001\u543e\u5df2\u77e3\u4e4e\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u898b\u9f4a\u8870\u8005\u3001\u5195\u8863\u88f3\u8005\u3001\u8207\u77bd\u8005\u3001\u898b\u4e4b\u3001\u96d6\u5c11\u5fc5\u4f5c\u3001\u904e\u4e4b\u5fc5\u8da8\u3002\nCHAP. VII. The Master said, 'Am I indeed possessed of\nknowledge? I am not knowing. But if a mean person, who\nappears quite empty-like, ask anything of me, I set it forth\nfrom one end to the other, and exhaust it.'\nCHAP. VIII. The Master said, 'The FANG bird does not\ncome; the river sends forth no map:-- it is all over with me!'\nCHAP. IX. When the Master saw a person in a mourning\ndress, or any one with the cap and upper and lower garments\nof full dress, or a blind person, on observing them approaching,\nthough they were younger than himself, he would rise up, and\nif he had to pass by them, he would do so hastily.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u984f\u6df5\u559f\u7136\u6b4e\u66f0\u3001\u4ef0\u4e4b\u5f4c\u9ad8\u3001\u947d\u4e4b\u5f4c\u5805\u3001\u77bb\u4e4b\u5728\u524d\u3001\u5ffd\u7109\n\u5728\u5f8c\u592b\u5b50\u5faa\u5faa\u7136\u5584\u8a98\u4eba\u3001\u535a\u6211\u4ee5\u6587\u3001\u7d04\u6211\u4ee5\u79ae\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u6b32\u7f77\u4e0d\u80fd\u3001\u65e2\u7aed\u543e\n\u624d\u3001\u5982\u6709\u6240\u7acb\u5353\u723e\u3001\u96d6\u6b32\u5f9e\u4e4b\u3001\u672b\u7531\u4e5f\u5df2\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u5b50\u8def\u4f7f\u9580\u4eba\u70ba\u81e3\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u75c5\u9593\u66f0\u3001\u4e45\u77e3\u54c9\u3001\n\u7531\u4e4b\u884c\u8a50\u4e5f\u3001\u7121\u81e3\u800c\u70ba\u6709\nCHAP. X. 1. Yen Yuan, in admiration of the Master's\ndoctrines, sighed and said, 'I looked up to them, and they\nseemed to become more high; I tried to penetrate them, and\nthey seemed to become more firm; I looked at them before me,\nand suddenly they seemed to be behind.\n2. 'The Master, by orderly method, skilfully leads men on.\nHe enlarged my mind with learning, and taught me the\nrestraints of propriety.\n3. 'When I wish to give over the study of his doctrines, I\ncannot do so, and having exerted all my ability, there seems\nsomething to stand right up before me; but though I wish to\nfollow and lay hold of it, I really find no way to do so.'\nCHAP. XI. 1. The Master being very ill, Tsze-lu wished the\ndisciples to act as ministers to him.\n2. During a remission of his illness, he said, 'Long has the\nconduct of Yu been deceitful! By pretending to have ministers\nwhen I have them not, whom should I impose upon? Should I\nimpose upon Heaven?\n\u81e3\u3001\u543e\u8ab0\u6b3a\u3001\u6b3a\u5929\u4e4e\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u4e14\u4e88\u8207\u5176\u6b7b\u65bc\u81e3\u4e4b\u624b\u4e5f\u3001\u7121\u5be7\u6b7b\u65bc\u4e8c\u4e09\u5b50\u4e4b\n\u624b\u4e4e\u3001\u4e14\u4e88\u7e31\u4e0d\u5f97\u5927\u846c\u3001\u4e88\u6b7b\u65bc\u9053\u8def\u4e4e\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u6709\u7f8e\u7389\u65bc\u65af\u3001\u97de(du2 \u531a\uff0b\u8ce3\u3001\u8207\u300c\u6add\u300d\u540c)\u800c\u85cf\u8af8\u3001\u6c42\n\u5584\u8cc8\u800c\u6cbd\u8af8\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6cbd\u4e4b\u54c9\u3001\u6cbd\u4e4b\u54c9\u3001\u6211\u5f85\u8cc8\u8005\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u6b32\u5c45\u4e5d\u5937\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u6216\u66f0\u3001\u964b\u3001\u5982\u4e4b\u4f55\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\n\u5c45\u4e4b\u3001\u4f55\u964b\u4e4b\u6709\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u543e\u81ea\u885b\u53cd\u9b6f\u3001\u7136\u5f8c\u6a02\n3. 'Moreover, than that I should die in the hands of\nministers, is it not better that I should die in the hands of you,\nmy disciples? And though I may not get a great burial, shall I\ndie upon the road?'\nCHAP. XII. Tsze-kung said, 'There is a beautiful gem here.\nShould I lay it up in a case and keep it? or should I seek for a\ngood price and sell it?' The Master said, 'Sell it! Sell it! But I\nwould wait for one to offer the price.'\nCHAP. XIII. 1. The Master was wishing to go and live\namong the nine wild tribes of the east.\n2. Some one said, 'They are rude. How can you do such a\nthing?' The Master said, 'If a superior man dwelt among them,\nwhat rudeness would there be?'\nCHAP. XIV. The Master said, 'I returned from Wei to Lu,\nand then the music was reformed, and the pieces in the Royal\nsongs and Praise songs all found their proper places.'\n\u6b63\u3001\u96c5\u980c\u5404\u5f97\u5176\u6240\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u51fa\u5247\u4e8b\u516c\u537f\u3001\u5165\u5247\u4e8b\u7236\u5144\u3001\u55aa\u4e8b\u4e0d\u6562\u4e0d\u52c9\u3001\u4e0d\u70ba\u9152\u56f0\u3001\u4f55\n\u6709\u65bc\u6211\u54c9\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u5728\u5ddd\u4e0a\u66f0\u3001\u901d\u8005\u5982\u65af\u592b\u3001\u4e0d\u820d\u665d\u591c\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u543e\u672a\u898b\u597d\u5fb7\u3001\u5982\u597d\u8272\u8005\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8b6c\u5982\u70ba\u5c71\u3001\u672a\u6210\u4e00\u7c23\u3001\u6b62\u3001\u543e\u6b62\u4e5f\u3001\u8b6c\u5982\u5e73\u5730\u3001\u96d6\nCHAP. XV. The Master said, 'Abroad, to serve the high\nministers and nobles; at home, to serve one's father and elder\nbrothers; in all duties to the dead, not to dare not to exert one's\nself; and not to be overcome of wine:-- which one of these\nthings do I attain to?'\nCHAP. XVI. The Master standing by a stream, said, 'It\npasses on just like this, not ceasing day or night!'\nCHAP. XVII. The Master said, 'I have not seen one who\nloves virtue as he loves beauty.'\nCHAP. XVIII. The Master said, 'The prosecution of\nlearning may be compared to what may happen in raising a\nmound. If there want but one basket of earth to complete the\nwork, and I stop, the\n\u8986\u4e00\u7c23\u3001\u9032\u3001\u543e\u5f80\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8a9e\u4e4b\u800c\u4e0d\u60f0\u8005\u3001\u5176\u56de\u4e5f\u8207\u3002\n\u3010\u4e8c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8b02\u984f\u6df5\u66f0\u3001\u60dc\u4e4e\u3001\u543e\u898b\u5176\u9032\u4e5f\u3001\u672a\u898b\u5176\u6b62\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u82d7\u800c\u4e0d\u79c0\u8005\u3001\u6709\u77e3\u592b\u3001\u79c0\u800c\u4e0d\u5be6\u8005\u3001\u6709\u77e3\u592b\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5f8c\u751f\u53ef\u754f\u3001\u7109\u77e5\u4f86\u8005\u4e4b\u4e0d\u5982\u4eca\u4e5f\u3001\u56db\u5341\u4e94\u5341\u800c\u7121\u805e\u7109\u3001\u65af\n\u4ea6\u4e0d\u8db3\u754f\u4e5f\u5df2\u3002\nstopping is my own work. It may be compared to throwing\ndown the earth on the level ground. Though but one basketful\nis thrown at a time, the advancing with it is my own going\nforward.'\nCHAP. XIX. The Master said, 'Never flagging when I set\nforth anything to him;-- ah! that is Hui.'\nCHAP. XX. The Master said of Yen Yuan, 'Alas! I saw his\nconstant advance. I never saw him stop in his progress.'\nCHAP. XXI. The Master said, 'There are cases in which the\nblade springs, but the plant does not go on to flower! There are\ncases where it flowers, but no fruit is subsequently produced!'\nCHAP. XXII. The Master said, 'A youth is to be regarded\nwith respect. How do we know that his future will not be equal\nto our present? If he reach the age of forty or fifty, and has not\nmade himself heard of, then indeed he will not be worth being\nregarded with respect.'\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6cd5\u8a9e\u4e4b\u8a00\u3001\u80fd\u7121\u5f9e\u4e4e\u3001\u6539\u4e4b\u70ba\u8cb4\u3001\u5dfd\u8207\u4e4b\u8a00\u3001\u80fd\u7121\u8aaa\u4e4e\u3001\n\u7e79\u4e4b\u70ba\u8cb4\u3001\u8aaa\u800c\u4e0d\u7e79\u3001\u5f9e\u800c\u4e0d\u6539\u3001\u543e\u672b\u5982\u4e4b\u4f55\u4e5f\u5df2\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e3b\u5fe0\u4fe1\u3001\u6bcb\u53cb\u4e0d\u5982\u5df1\u8005\u3001\u904e\u5247\u52ff\u619a\u6539\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e09\u8ecd\u53ef\u596a\u5e2b\u4e5f\u3001\u5339\u592b\u4e0d\u53ef\u596a\u5fd7\u4e5f\u3002\nCHAP. XXV. The Master said, 'Can men refuse to assent to\nthe words of strict admonition? But it is reforming the conduct\nbecause of them which is valuable. Can men refuse to be\npleased with words of gentle advice? But it is unfolding their\naim which is valuable. If a man be pleased with these words,\nbut does not unfold their aim, and assents to those, but does\nnot reform his conduct, I can really do nothing with him.'\nCHAP. XXIV. The Master said, 'Hold faithfulness and\nsincerity as first principles. Have no friends not equal to\nyourself. When you have faults, do not fear to abandon them.'\nCHAP. XXV. The Master said, 'The commander of the\nforces of a large state may be carried off, but the will of even a\ncommon man cannot be taken from him.'\n\u3010\u5eff\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8863\u655d\u7e15\u888d\u3001\u8207\u8863\u5b64\u8c89\u8005\u7acb\u3001\u800c\u4e0d\u6065\u8005\u3001\u5176\u7531\u4e5f\u8207\u3002\n\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u4e0d\u5fee\u4e0d\u6c42\u3001\u4f55\u7528\u4e0d\u81e7\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u7d42\u8eab\u8aa6\u4e4b\u3001\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u662f\u9053\u4e5f\u3001\u4f55\n\u8db3\u4ee5\u81e7\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6b72\u5bd2\u3001\u7136\u5f8c\u77e5\u677e\u67cf\u4e4b\u5f8c\u5f6b\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u77e5\u8005\u4e0d\u60d1\u3001\u4ec1\u8005\u4e0d\u6182\u3001\u52c7\u8005\u4e0d\u61fc\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u53ef\u8207\u5171\u5b78\u3001\u672a\u53ef\u8207\nCHAP. XXVI. 1. The Master said, 'Dressed himself in a\ntattered robe quilted with hemp, yet standing by the side of\nmen dressed in furs, and not ashamed;-- ah! it is Yu who is\nequal to this!\n2. '\"He dislikes none, he covets nothing;-- what can he do\nbut what is good!\"'\n3. Tsze-lu kept continually repeating these words of the\node, when the Master said, 'Those things are by no means\nsufficient to constitute (perfect) excellence.'\nCHAP. XXVII. The Master said, 'When the year becomes\ncold, then we know how the pine and the cypress are the last\nto lose their leaves.'\nCHAP. XXVIII. The Master said, 'The wise are free from\nperplexities; the virtuous from anxiety; and the bold from fear.'\nCHAP. XXIX. The Master said, 'There are some with whom\nwe may study in common, but we shall find them unable to go\nalong\n\u9069\u9053\u3001\u53ef\u8207\u9069\u9053\u3001\u672a\u53ef\u8207\u7acb\u3001\u53ef\u8207\u7acb\u3001\u672a\u53ef\u8207\u6b0a\u3002\n\u3010\u4e09\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5510\u68e3\u4e4b\u83ef\u3001\u504f\u5176\u53cd\u800c\u3001\u8c48\u4e0d\u723e\u601d\u3001\u5ba4\u662f\u9060\u800c\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\n\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u672a\u4e4b\u601d\u4e5f\u3001\u672a\u4f55\u9060\u4e4b\u6709\u3002\nwith us to principles. Perhaps we may go on with them to\nprinciples, but we shall find them unable to get established in\nthose along with us. Or if we may get so established along with\nthem, we shall find them unable to weigh occurring events\nalong with us.'\nCHAP. XXX. 1. How the flowers of the aspen-plum flutter\nand turn! Do I not think of you? But your house is distant.\n2. The Master said, 'It is the want of thought about it.\nHow is it distant?'\n\u9109\u9ee8\u7b2c\u5341\nBOOK X. HEANG TANG.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u65bc\u9109\u9ee8\u3001\u6042\u6042\u5982\u4e5f\u3001\u4f3c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8a00\u8005\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5176\u5728\u5b97\n\u5edf\u671d\u5ef7\u3001\u4fbf\u4fbf\u7136\u3001\u552f\u8b39\u723e\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u671d\u3001\u8207\u4e0b\u5927\u592b\u8a00\u3001\u4f83\u4f83\u5982\u4e5f\u3001\u8207\u4e0a\u5927\u592b\u8a00\u3001\u8abe\u8abe\u5982\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u541b\u5728\u3001\u8e27\u8e16\u5982\u4e5f\u3001\u8207\u8207\u5982\u4e5f\u3002\nCHAP. I. 1. Confucius, in his village, looked simple and\nsincere, and as if he were not able to speak.\n2. When he was in the prince's ancestorial temple, or in\nthe court, he spoke minutely on every point, but cautiously.\nCHAP II. 1. When he was waiting at court, in speaking\nwith the great officers of the lower grade, he spake freely, but\nin a straightforward manner; in speaking with those of the\nhigher grade, he did so blandly, but precisely.\n2. When the ruler was present, his manner displayed\nrespectful uneasiness; it was grave, but self-possessed.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011 \u541b\u53ec\u4f7f\u64ef\u3001\u8272\u52c3\u5982\u4e5f\u3001\u8db3\u8ea9\u5982\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u63d6\u6240\u8207\u7acb\u3001\n\u5de6\u53f3\u624b\u3001\u8863\u524d\u5f8c\u3001\u6a90\u5982\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u8da8\u9032\u3001\u7ffc\u5982\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u8cd3\u9000\u3001\u5fc5\u5fa9\u547d\n\u66f0\u3001\u8cd3\u4e0d\u9867\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5165\u516c\u9580\u3001\u97a0\nCHAP. III. 1. When the prince called him to employ him\nin the reception of a visitor, his countenance appeared to\nchange, and his legs to move forward with difficulty.\n2. He inclined himself to the other officers among whom\nhe stood, moving his left or right arm, as their position\nrequired, but keeping the skirts of his robe before and behind\nevenly adjusted.\n3. He hastened forward, with his arms like the wings of a\nbird.\n4. When the guest had retired, he would report to the\nprince, 'The visitor is not turning round any more.'\nCHAP. IV. 1. When he entered the palace gate, he seemed\nto bend his body, as if it were not sufficient to admit him.\n\u8eac\u5982\u4e5f\u3001\u5982\u4e0d\u5bb9\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u7acb\u4e0d\u4e2d\u9580\u3001\u884c\u4e0d\u5c65\u95be\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u904e\u4f4d\u3001\u8272\u52c3\u5982\u4e5f\u3001\n\u8db3\u8ea9\u5982\u4e5f\u3001\u5176\u8a00\u4f3c\u4e0d\u8db3\u8005\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u651d\u9f4a\u5347\u5802\u3001\u97a0\u8eac\u5982\u4e5f\u3001\u5c4f\u6c23\u4f3c\u4e0d\u606f\u8005\u3002\n\u3010\u4e94\u7bc0\u3011\u51fa\u3001\u964d\u4e00\u7b49\u3001\u901e\u984f\u8272\u3001\u6021\u6021\u5982\u4e5f\u3001\u6c92\u968e\u3001\u8da8\u9032\u3001\u7ffc\u5982\u4e5f\u3001\u5fa9\u5176\u4f4d\u3001\n\u8e27\u8e16\u5982\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u57f7\u572d\u3001\u97a0\u8eac\u5982\u4e5f\u3001\u5982\n2. When he was standing, he did not occupy the middle of\nthe gate-way; when he passed in or out, he did not tread upon\nthe threshold.\n3. When he was passing the vacant place of the prince,\nhis countenance appeared to change, and his legs to bend under\nhim, and his words came as if he hardly had breath to utter\nthem.\n4. He ascended the reception hall, holding up his robe\nwith both his hands, and his body bent; holding in his breath\nalso, as if he dared not breathe.\n5. When he came out from the audience, as soon as he\nhad descended one step, he began to relax his countenance, and\nhad a satisfied look. When he had got to the bottom of the\nsteps, he advanced rapidly to his place, with his arms like\nwings, and on occupying it, his manner still showed respectful\nuneasiness.\nCHAP. V. 1. When he was carrying the scepter of his\nruler, he seemed to bend his body, as if he were not able to\nbear its weight. He did not hold it higher than the position of\nthe hands in making\n\u4e0d\u52dd\u3001\u4e0a\u5982\u63d6\u3001\u4e0b\u5982\u6388\u3001\u52c3\u5982\u6230\u8272\u3001\u8db3\u8e5c\u8e5c\u5982\u6709\u5faa\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u4eab\u79ae\u3001\u6709\u5bb9\u8272\u3002\n\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u79c1\u89bf\u3001\u6109\u6109\u5982\u4e5f\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u541b\u5b50\u4e0d\u4ee5\u7d3a\u7dc5\u98fe\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u7d05\u7d2b\u4e0d\u4ee5\u70ba\u893b\u670d\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\n\u7576\u6691\u8897\u7d7a\u7d8c\u3001\u5fc5\u8868\u800c\u51fa\u4e4b\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u7dc7\u8863\u7f94\u88d8\u3001\u7d20\u8863\u9e91\u88d8\u3001\u9ec3\u8863\na bow, nor lower than their position in giving anything to\nanother. His countenance seemed to change, and look\napprehensive, and he dragged his feet along as if they were\nheld by something to the ground.\n2. In presenting the presents with which he was charged,\nhe wore a placid appearance.\n3. At his private audience, he looked highly pleased.\nCHAP. VI. 1. The superior man did not use a deep purple,\nor a puce colour, in the ornaments of his dress.\n2. Even in his undress, he did not wear anything of a red\nor reddish colour.\n3. In warm weather, he had a single garment either of\ncoarse or fine texture, but he wore it displayed over an inner\ngarment.\n4. Over lamb's fur he wore a garment of black; over\nfawn's fur one of white; and over fox's fur one of yellow.\n\u72d0\u88d8\u3002\u3010\u4e94\u7bc0\u3011\u893b\u88d8\u9577\u3001\u77ed\u53f3\u8882\u3002\u3010\u516d\u7bc0\u3011\u5fc5\u6709\u5be2\u8863\u3001\u9577\u4e00\u8eab\u6709\u534a\u3002\u3010\u4e03\u7bc0\u3011\n\u72d0\u8c89\u4e4b\u539a\u4ee5\u5c45\u3002\u3010\u516b\u7bc0\u3011\u53bb\u55aa\u3001\u7121\u6240\u4e0d\u4f69\u3002\u3010\u4e5d\u7bc0\u3011\u975e\u5e37\u88f3\u3001\u5fc5\u6bba\u4e4b\u3002\u3010\u5341\n\u7bc0\u3011\u7f94\u88d8\u7384\u51a0\u4e0d\u4ee5\u5f14\u3002\u3010\u5341\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5409\u6708\u3001\u5fc5\u671d\u670d\u800c\u671d\u3002\n5. The fur robe of his undress was long, with the right\nsleeve short.\n6. He required his sleeping dress to be half as long again\nas his body.\n7. When staying at home, he used thick furs of the fox or\nthe badger.\n8. When he put off mourning, he wore all the appendages\nof the girdle.\n9. His under-garment, except when it was required to be\nof the curtain shape, was made of silk cut narrow above and\nwide below.\n10. He did not wear lamb's fur or a black cap, on a visit of\ncondolence.\n11. On the first day of the month he put on his court\nrobes, and presented himself at court.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u9f4a\u3001\u5fc5\u6709\u660e\u8863\u3001\u5e03\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u9f4a\u5fc5\u8b8a\u98df\u3001\u5c45\u5fc5\u9077\u5750\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u98df\u4e0d\u53ad\u7cbe\u3001\u81be\u4e0d\u53ad\u7d30\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u98df\u9950\u800c\u9932\u3001\u9b5a\u9912\u800c\u8089\u6557\u3001\n\u4e0d\u98df\u3001\u8272\u60e1\u4e0d\u98df\u3001\u81ed\u60e1\u4e0d\u98df\u3001\u5931\u98ea\u4e0d\u98df\u3001\u4e0d\u6642\u4e0d\u98df\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5272\u4e0d\u6b63\u4e0d\u98df\u3001\n\u4e0d\u5f97\u5176\u91ac\u4e0d\u98df\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u8089\u96d6\u591a\u3001\u4e0d\u4f7f\u52dd\u98df\u6c23\u3001\u60df\u9152\u7121\u91cf\u3001\u4e0d\u53ca\u4e82\u3002\u3010\u4e94\u7bc0\u3011\n\u6cbd\u9152\nCHAP. VII. 1. When fasting, he thought it necessary to\nhave his clothes brightly clean and made of linen cloth.\n2. When fasting, he thought it necessary to change his\nfood, and also to change the place where he commonly sat in\nthe apartment.\nCHAP. VIII. 1. He did not dislike to have his rice finely\ncleaned, nor to have his minced meat cut quite small.\n2. He did not eat rice which had been injured by heat or\ndamp and turned sour, nor fish or flesh which was gone. He did\nnot eat what was discoloured, or what was of a bad flavour, nor\nanything which was ill-cooked, or was not in season.\n3. He did not eat meat which was not cut properly, nor\nwhat was served without its proper sauce.\n4. Though there might be a large quantity of meat, he\nwould not allow what he took to exceed the due proportion for\nthe rice. It was only in wine that he laid down no limit for\nhimself, but he did not allow himself to be confused by it.\n5. He did not partake of wine and dried meat bought in\nthe market.\n\u5e02\u812f\u4e0d\u98df\u3002\u3010\u516d\u7bc0\u3011\u4e0d\u64a4\u8591\u98df\u3002\u3010\u4e03\u7bc0\u3011\u4e0d\u591a\u98df\u3002\u3010\u516b\u7bc0\u3011\u796d\u65bc\u516c\u3001\u4e0d\u5bbf\u8089\u3002\n\u796d\u8089\u4e0d\u51fa\u4e09\u65e5\u3001\u51fa\u4e09\u65e5\u3001\u4e0d\u98df\u4e4b\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u4e5d\u7bc0\u3011\u98df\u4e0d\u8a9e\u3001\u5be2\u4e0d\u8a00\u3002\u3010\u5341\u7bc0\u3011\u96d6\n\u758f\u98df\u83dc\u7fb9\u3001\u74dc\u796d\u3001\u5fc5\u9f4a\u5982\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5e2d\u4e0d\u6b63\u4e0d\u5750\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u9109\u4eba\u98f2\u9152\u3001\u6756\u8005\u51fa\u3001\u65af\u51fa\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u9109\u4eba\u513a\u3001\u671d\u670d\u800c\n\u7acb\u65bc\u963c\u968e\u3002\n6. He was never without ginger when he ate.\n7. He did not eat much.\n8. When he had been assisting at the prince's sacrifice, he\ndid not keep the flesh which he received overnight. The flesh\nof his family sacrifice he did not keep over three days. If kept\nover three days, people could not eat it.\n9. When eating, he did not converse. When in bed, he did\nnot speak.\n10. Although his food might be coarse rice and vegetable\nsoup, he would offer a little of it in sacrifice with a grave,\nrespectful air.\nCHAP. IX. If his mat was not straight, he did not sit on it.\nCHAP. X. 1. When the villagers were drinking together, on\nthose who carried staffs going out, he went out immediately\nafter.\n2. When the villagers were going through their\nceremonies to drive away pestilential influences, he put on his\ncourt robes and stood on the eastern steps.\n\u3010\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u554f\u4eba\u65bc\u4ed6\u90a6\u3001\u518d\u62dc\u800c\u9001\u4e4b\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5eb7\u5b50\u994b\u85e5\u3001\u62dc\u800c\u53d7\n\u4e4b\u3001\u66f0\u3001\u4e18\u672a\u9054\u3001\u4e0d\u6562\u5617\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5ec4\u711a\u3001\u5b50\u9000\u671d\u3001\u66f0\u3001\u50b7\u4eba\u4e4e\u3001\u4e0d\u554f\u99ac\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u541b\u8cdc\u98df\u3001\u5fc5\u6b63\u5e2d\u3001\u5148\u5617\u4e4b\u3001\u541b\u8cdc\u8165\u3001\u5fc5\u719f\u800c\u85a6\u4e4b\u3001\u541b\u8cdc\n\u751f\u3001\u5fc5\u755c\u4e4b\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u4f8d\u98df\u65bc\u541b\u3001\nCHAP. XI. 1. When he was sending complimentary\ninquiries to any one in another State, he bowed twice as he\nescorted the messenger away.\n2. Chi K'ang having sent him a present of physic, he\nbowed and received it, saying, 'I do not know it. I dare not\ntaste it.'\nCHAP. XII. The stable being burned down, when he was\nat court, on his return he said, 'Has any man been hurt?' He did\nnot ask about the horses.\nCHAP. XIII. 1. When the prince sent him a gift of cooked\nmeat, he would adjust his mat, first taste it, and then give it\naway to others. When the prince sent him a gift of undressed\nmeat, he would have it cooked, and offer it to the spirits of his\nancestors. When the prince sent him a gift of a living animal, he\nwould keep it alive.\n2. When he was in attendance on the prince and joining\nin the entertainment, the prince only sacrificed. He first tasted\neverything.\n\u541b\u796d\u3001\u5148\u98ef\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u75be\u3001\u541b\u8996\u4e4b\u3001\u6771\u9996\u3001\u52a0\u671d\u670d\u62d6\u7d33\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u541b\u547d\u53ec\u3001\n\u4e0d\u4fdf\u99d5\u884c\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5165\u5927\u5edf\u6bcf\u4e8b\u554f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u670b\u53cb\u6b7b\u3001\u7121\u6240\u6b78\u3001\u66f0\u3001\u65bc\u6211\u6baf\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u670b\u53cb\u4e4b\u994b\u3001\u96d6\n\u8eca\u99ac\u3001\u975e\u796d\u8089\u4e0d\u62dc\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5be2\u4e0d\u5c38\u3001\u5c45\u4e0d\u5bb9\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u898b\u9f4a\u8870\u8005\u3001\u96d6\u72ce\u5fc5\u8b8a\u3001\u898b\u5195\n\u8005\u3001\u8207\u77bd\u8005\u3001\u96d6\u893b\u5fc5\u4ee5\u8c8c\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u51f6\n3. When he was ill and the prince came to visit him, he\nhad his head to the east, made his court robes be spread over\nhim, and drew his girdle across them.\n4. When the prince's order called him, without waiting for\nhis carriage to be yoked, he went at once.\nCHAP. XIV. When he entered the ancestral temple of the\nState, he asked about everything.\nCHAP. XV. 1. When any of his friends died, if he had no\nrelations who could be depended on for the necessary offices,\nhe would say, 'I will bury him.'\n2. When a friend sent him a present, though it might be a\ncarriage and horses, he did not bow.\n3. The only present for which he bowed was that of the\nflesh of sacrifice.\nCHAP. XVI. 1. In bed, he did not lie like a corpse. At\nhome, he did not put on any formal deportment.\n2. When he saw any one in a mourning dress, though it\nmight be an acquaintance, he would change countenance; when\nhe saw any one wearing the cap of full dress, or a blind person,\nthough he might be in his undress, he would salute them in a\nceremonious manner.\n\u670d\u8005\u5f0f\u4e4b\u3001\u5f0f\u8ca0\u7248\u8005\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u6709\u76db\u994c\u3001\u5fc5\u8b8a\u8272\u800c\u4f5c\u3002\u3010\u4e94\u7bc0\u3011\u8fc5\u96f7\u3001\u98a8\u70c8\u3001\n\u5fc5\u8b8a\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5347\u8eca\u3001\u5fc5\u6b63\u7acb\u3001\u57f7\u7d8f\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u8eca\u4e2d\u3001\u4e0d\u5167\u9867\u3001\u4e0d\u75be\u8a00\u3001\n\u4e0d\u89aa\u6307\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u8272\u65af\u8209\u77e3\u3001\u7fd4\u800c\u5f8c\u96c6\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u66f0\u3001\u5c71\u6881\u96cc\u96c9\u3001\u6642\u54c9\u6642\n\u54c9\u3002\u5b50\u8def\u5171\u4e4b\u3001\u4e09\u55c5\u800c\u4f5c\u3002\n3. To any person in mourning he bowed forward to the\ncrossbar of his carriage; he bowed in the same way to any one\nbearing the tables of population.\n4. When he was at an entertainment where there was an\nabundance of provisions set before him, he would change\ncountenance and rise up.\n5. On a sudden clap of thunder, or a violent wind, he\nwould change countenance.\nCHAP. XVII. 1. When he was about to mount his carriage,\nhe would stand straight, holding the cord.\n2. When he was in the carriage, he did not turn his head\nquite round, he did not talk hastily, he did not point with his\nhands.\nCHAP. XVIII. 1. Seeing the countenance, it instantly rises.\nIt flies round, and by and by settles.\n2. The Master said, 'There is the hen-pheasant on the hill\nbridge. At its season! At its season!' Tsze-lu made a motion to\nit. Thrice it smelt him and then rose.\n\u5148\u9032\u7b2c\u5341\u4e00\nBOOK XI. HSIEN TSIN.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5148\u9032\u65bc\u79ae\u6a02\u3001\u91ce\u4eba\u4e5f\u3001\u5f8c\u9032\u65bc\u79ae\u6a02\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4e5f\u3001\u3010\u4e8c\n\u7bc0\u3011\u5982\u7528\u4e4b\u3001\u5247\u543e\u5f9e\u5148\u9032\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5f9e\u6211\u65bc\u9673\u8521\u8005\u3001\u7686\u4e0d\u53ca\u9580\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5fb7\u884c\u3001\u984f\n\u6df5\u3001\u9594\u5b50\u9a2b\u3001\u5189\u4f2f\u725b\u3001\u4ef2\u5f13\u3002\u8a00\u8a9e\u3001\u5bb0\u6211\u3001\u5b50\u8ca2\u3002\u653f\u4e8b\u3001\u5189\nCHAP. I. 1. The Master said, 'The men of former times, in\nthe matters of ceremonies and music were rustics, it is said,\nwhile the men of these latter times, in ceremonies and music,\nare accomplished gentlemen.\n2. 'If I have occasion to use those things, I follow the men\nof former times.'\nCHAP. II. 1. The Master said, 'Of those who were with me\nin Ch'an and Ts'ai, there are none to be found to enter my door.'\n2. Distinguished for their virtuous principles and practice,\nthere were Yen Yuan, Min Tsze-ch'ien, Zan Po-niu, and Chung-\nkung; for their ability in speech, Tsai Wo and Tsze-kung; for\ntheir adminis-\n\u6709\u3001\u674e\u8def\u3002\u6587\u5b78\u3001\u5b50\u6e38\u3001\u5b50\u590f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u56de\u4e5f\u3001\u975e\u52a9\u6211\u8005\u4e5f\u3001\u65bc\u543e\u8a00\u3001\u7121\u6240\u4e0d\u8aaa\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5b5d\u54c9\u9594\u5b50\u9a2b\u3001\u4eba\u4e0d\u9593\u65bc\u5176\u7236\u6bcd\u6606\u5f1f\u4e4b\u8a00\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5357\u5bb9\u4e09\u5fa9\u767d\u572d\u3001\u5b54\u5b50\u4ee5\u5176\u5144\u4e4b\u5b50\u59bb\u4e4b\u3002\ntrative talents, Zan Yu and Chi Lu; for their literary\nacquirements, Tsze-yu and Tsze-hsia.\nCHAP. III. The Master said, 'Hui gives me no assistance.\nThere is nothing that I say in which he does not delight.'\nCHAP. IV. The Master said, 'Filial indeed is Min Tsze-\nch'ien! Other people say nothing of him different from the\nreport of his parents and brothers.'\nCHAP. V. Nan Yung was frequently repeating the lines\nabout a white scepter stone. Confucius gave him the daughter\nof his elder brother to wife.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u674e\u5eb7\u5b50\u554f\u5f1f\u5b50\u5b70\u70ba\u597d\u5b78\u3002\u5b54\u5b50\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u6709\u984f\u56de\u8005\u597d\u5b78\u3001\u4e0d\u5e78\u77ed\u547d\u6b7b\n\u77e3\u3001\u4eca\u4e5f\u5247\u4ea1\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u984f\u6df5\u6b7b\u3001\u984f\u8def\u8acb\u5b50\u4e4b\u8eca\u3001\u4ee5\u70ba\u4e4b(guo3 \u6728+\u4eab\u3001\u8207\u69e8\n\u540c)\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u624d\u4e0d\u624d\u3001\u4ea6\u5404\u8a00\u5176\u5b50\u4e5f\u3001\u9bc9\u4e5f\u6b7b\u3001\u6709\u68fa\u800c\u7121(guo3 \u6728\n+\u4eab\u3001\u8207\u69e8\u540c)\u3001\u543e\u4e0d\u5f92\u884c\u4ee5\u70ba\u4e4b(guo3 \u6728+\u4eab\u3001\u8207\u69e8\u540c)\u3001\u4ee5\u543e\u5f9e\u5927\u592b\u4e4b\u5f8c\u3001\n\u4e0d\u53ef\u5f92\u884c\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u984f\u6df5\u6b7b\u3001\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u566b\u3001\u5929\u55aa\u4e88\u3001\u5929\u55aa\u4e88\u3002\nCHAP. VI. Chi K'ang asked which of the disciples loved to\nlearn. Confucius replied to him, 'There was Yen Hui; he loved to\nlearn. Unfortunately his appointed time was short, and he died.\nNow there is no one who loves to learn, as he did.'\nCHAP. VII. 1. When Yen Yuan died, Yen Lu begged the\ncarriage of the Master to sell and get an outer shell for his son's\ncoffin.\n2. The Master said, 'Every one calls his son his son,\nwhether he has talents or has not talents. There was Li; when\nhe died, he had a coffin but no outer shell. I would not walk on\nfoot to get a shell for him, because, having followed in the rear\nof the great officers, it was not proper that I should walk on\nfoot.'\nCHAP. VIII. When Yen Yuan died, the Master said, 'Alas!\nHeaven is destroying me! Heaven is destroying me!'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u984f\u6df5\u6b7b\u3001\u5b50\u54ed\u4e4b\u615f\u3001\u5f9e\u8005\u66f0\u3001\u5b50\u615f\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u66f0\u3001\u6709\n\u615f\u4e4e\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u975e\u592b\u4eba\u4e4b\u70ba\u615f\u800c\u8ab0\u70ba\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u984f\u6df5\u6b7b\u3001\u9580\u4eba\u6b32\u539a\u846c\u4e4b\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u9580\u4eba\u539a\n\u846c\u4e4b\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u56de\u4e5f\u3001\u8996\u4e88\u7336\u7236\u4e5f\u3001\u4e88\u4e0d\u5f97\u8996\u7336\u5b50\u4e5f\u3001\u975e\u6211\u4e5f\u3001\u592b\u4e8c\n\u4e09\u5b50\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u674e\u8def\u554f\u4e8b\u9b3c\u795e\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u672a\u80fd\u4e8b\u4eba\u3001\u7109\u80fd\u4e8b\u9b3c\u3002\u6562\nCHAP. IX. 1. When Yen Yuan died, the Master bewailed\nhim exceedingly, and the disciples who were with him said,\n'Master, your grief is excessive?'\n2. 'Is it excessive?' said he.\n3. 'If I am not to mourn bitterly for this man, for whom\nshould I mourn?'\nCHAP. X. 1. When Yen Yuan died, the disciples wished to\ngive him a great funeral, and the Master said, 'You may not do\nso.'\n2. The disciples did bury him in great style.\n3. The Master said, 'Hui behaved towards me as his\nfather. I have not been able to treat him as my son. The fault is\nnot mine; it belongs to you, O disciples.'\nCHAP. XI. Chi Lu asked about serving the spirits of the\ndead. The Master said, 'While you are not able to serve men,\nhow can you serve their spirits?' Chi Lu added, 'I venture to\nask about\n\u554f\u6b7b\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u751f\u3001\u7109\u77e5\u6b7b\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u9594\u5b50\u4f8d\u5074\u3001\u8abe\u8abe\u5982\u4e5f\u3001\u5b50\u8def\u884c\u884c\u5982\u4e5f\u3001\u5189\u6709\u3001\u5b50\u8ca2\u3001\u4f83\n\u4f83\u5982\u4e5f\u3002\u5b50\u6a02\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u82e5\u7531\u4e5f\u3001\u4e0d\u5f97\u5176\u6b7b\u7136\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u9b6f\u4eba\u70ba\u9577\u5e9c\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u9594\u5b50\u9a2b\u66f0\u3001\u4ecd\u820a\u8cab\u3001\u5982\u4e4b\u4f55\u3001\u4f55\n\u5fc5\u6539\u4f5c\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u592b\u4eba\u4e0d\u8a00\u3001\u8a00\u5fc5\u6709\u4e2d\u3002\ndeath?' He was answered, 'While you do not know life, how can\nyou know about death?'\nCHAP. XII. 1. The disciple Min was standing by his side,\nlooking bland and precise; Tsze-lu, looking bold and soldierly;\nZan Yu and Tsze-kung, with a free and straightforward manner.\nThe Master was pleased.\n2. He said, 'Yu, there!-- he will not die a natural death.'\nCHAP. XIII. 1. Some parties in Lu were going to take\ndown and rebuild the Long Treasury.\n2. Min Tsze-ch'ien said, 'Suppose it were to be repaired\nafter its old style;-- why must it be altered and made anew?'\n3. The Master said, 'This man seldom speaks; when he\ndoes, he is sure to hit the point.'\n\u3010\u5341\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7531\u4e4b\u745f\u3001\u595a\u70ba\u65bc\u4e18\u4e4b\u9580\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u9580\u4eba\u4e0d\u656c\u5b50\u8def\u3002\n\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7531\u4e5f\u3001\u5347\u5802\u77e3\u3001\u672a\u5165\u65bc\u5ba4\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u554f\u5e2b\u8207\u5546\u4e5f\u5b70\u8ce2\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5e2b\u4e5f\u904e\u3001\u5546\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ca\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\n\u7bc0\u3011\u66f0\u3001\u7136\u5247\u5e2b\u6108\u8207\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u904e\u7336\u4e0d\u53ca\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u674e\u6c0f\u5bcc\u65bc\u5468\u516c\u3001\u800c\u6c42\u4e5f\u70ba\u4e4b\u805a\u6582\u800c\u9644\nCHAP. XIV. 1. The Master said, 'What has the lute of Yu to\ndo in my door?'\n2. The other disciples began not to respect Tsze-lu. The\nMaster said, 'Yu has ascended to the hall, though he has not yet\npassed into the inner apartments.'\nCHAP. XV. 1. Tsze-kung asked which of the two, Shih or\nShang, was the superior. The Master said, 'Shih goes beyond the\ndue mean, and Shang does not come up to it.'\n2. 'Then,' said Tsze-kung, 'the superiority is with Shih, I\nsuppose.'\n3. The Master said, 'To go beyond is as wrong as to fall\nshort.'\nCHAP. XVI. 1. The head of the Chi family was richer than\nthe duke of Chau had been, and yet Ch'iu collected his imposts\nfor him, and increased his wealth.\n\u76ca\u4e4b\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u975e\u543e\u5f92\u4e5f\u3001\u5c0f\u5b50\u3001\u9cf4\u9f13\u800c\u653b\u4e4b\u53ef\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u67f4\u4e5f\u611a\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u53c3\u4e5f\u9b6f\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5e2b\u4e5f\u8f9f\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\n\u7531\u4e5f\u55ad\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u56de\u4e5f\u5947\u5eb6\u4e4e\u5c62\u7a7a\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u8cdc\u4e0d\u53d7\u547d\u3001\u800c\u8ca8\u6b96\u7109\u3001\n\u5104\u5247\u5c62\u4e2d\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u5f35\u554f\u5584\u4eba\u4e4b\n2. The Master said, 'He is no disciple of mine. My little\nchildren, beat the drum and assail him.'\nCHAP. XVII. 1. Ch'ai is simple.\n2. Shan is dull.\n3. Shih is specious.\n4. Yu is coarse.\nCHAP. XVIII. 1. The Master said, 'There is Hui! He has\nnearly attained to perfect virtue. He is often in want.\n2. 'Ts'ze does not acquiesce in the appointments of\nHeaven, and his goods are increased by him. Yet his judgments\nare often correct.'\nCHAP. XIX. Tsze-chang asked what were the\ncharacteristics of\n\u9053\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u8e10(ji1\u3001\u8fc2+\u4ea6\u3001\u8207\u8de1\u540c)\u3001\u4ea6\u4e0d\u5165\u65bc\u5ba4\u3002\n\u3010\u4e8c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8ad6\u7be4\u662f\u8207\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u8005\u4e4e\u3001\u8272\u838a\u8005\u4e4e\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u554f\u805e\u65af\u884c\u8af8\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6709\u7236\u5144\u5728\u3001\u5982\u4e4b\u4f55\u5176\u805e\u65af\u884c\u4e4b\u3002\u5189\u6709\u554f\n\u805e\u65af\u884c\u8af8\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u805e\u65af\u884c\u4e4b\u3002\u516c\u897f\u83ef\u66f0\u3001\u7531\u4e5f\u554f\u805e\u65af\u884c\u8af8\u3001\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6709\u7236\u5144\u5728\u3001\n\u6c42\u4e5f\nthe GOOD man. The Master said, 'He does not tread in the\nfootsteps of others, but moreover, he does not enter the\nchamber of the sage.'\nCHAP. XX. The Master said, 'If, because a man's discourse\nappears solid and sincere, we allow him to be a good man, is he\nreally a superior man? or is his gravity only in appearance?'\nCHAP. XXI. Tsze-lu asked whether he should immediately\ncarry into practice what he heard. The Master said, 'There are\nyour father and elder brothers to be consulted;-- why should\nyou act on that principle of immediately carrying into practice\nwhat you hear?' Zan Yu asked the same, whether he should\nimmediately carry into practice what he heard, and the Master\nanswered, 'Immediately carry into practice what you hear.'\nKung-hsi Hwa said, 'Yu asked whether he should carry\nimmediately into practice what he heard, and you said, \"There\nare your father and elder brothers to be consulted.\" Ch'iu asked\nwhether he should immediately carry into practice what he\nheard, and you said, \"Carry it immediately into practice.\" I,\nCh'ih, am perplexed, and venture to ask you for an explanation.'\nThe Master said, 'Ch'iu is retiring and slow; therefore,\n\u554f\u805e\u65af\u884c\u8af8\u3001\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u805e\u65af\u884c\u4e4b\u3001\u8d64\u4e5f\u611f\u3001\u6562\u554f\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6c42\u4e5f\u9000\u3001\u6545\u9032\u4e4b\u3001\u7531\n\u4e5f\u517c\u4eba\u3001\u6545\u9000\u4e4b\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u754f\u65bc\u5321\u3001\u984f\u6df5\u5f8c\u3001\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u543e\u4ee5\u5973\u70ba\u6b7b\u77e3\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u5b50\u5728\u3001\u56de\u4f55\u6562\u6b7b\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u674e\u5b50\u7136\u554f\u4ef2\u7531\u5189\u6c42\u3001\u53ef\u8b02\u5927\u81e3\u8207\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u543e\u4ee5\n\u5b50\u70ba\u7570\u4e4b\u554f\u3001\u66fe\u7531\u8207\u6c42\u4e4b\u554f\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u6240\u8b02\u5927\u81e3\u8005\u3001\u4ee5\u9053\u4e8b\u541b\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u5247\u6b62\u3002\n\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u4eca\u7531\nI urged him forward. Yu has more than his own share of\nenergy; therefore I kept him back.'\nCHAP. XXII. The Master was put in fear in K'wang and\nYen Yuan fell behind. The Master, on his rejoining him, said, 'I\nthought you had died.' Hui replied, 'While you were alive, how\nshould I presume to die?'\nCHAP. XXIII. 1. Chi Tsze-zan asked whether Chung Yu and\nZan Ch'iu could be called great ministers.\n2. The Master said, 'I thought you would ask about some\nextraordinary individuals, and you only ask about Yu and Ch'iu!\n3. 'What is called a great minister, is one who serves his\nprince according to what is right, and when he finds he cannot\ndo so, retires.\n\u8207\u6c42\u4e5f\u3001\u53ef\u8b02\u5177\u81e3\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u4e94\u7bc0\u3011\u66f0\u3001\u7136\u5247\u5f9e\u4e4b\u8005\u8207\u3002\u3010\u516d\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5f12\u7236\u8207\n\u541b\u3001\u4ea6\u4e0d\u5f9e\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u4f7f\u5b50\u7f94\u70ba\u8cbb\u5bb0\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8cca\u592b\u4eba\u4e4b\u5b50\u3002\u3010\u4e09\n\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u66f0\u3001\u6709\u6c11\u4eba\u7109\u3001\u6709\u793e\u7a37\u7109\u3001\u4f55\u5fc5\u8b80\u66f8\u3001\u7136\u5f8c\u70ba\u5b78\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\n\u662f\u6545\u60e1\u592b\u4f5e\u8005\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u3001\u66fe(\u4e0a\u6790\u3001\u4e0b\u65e5\u3001\u8207\u6670\u540c)\u3001\u5189\u6709\u3001\u516c\u897f\u83ef\u3001\u4f8d\u5750\u3002\n\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4ee5\u543e\u4e00\u65e5\n4. 'Now, as to Yu and Ch'iu, they may be called ordinary\nministers.'\n5. Tsze-zan said, 'Then they will always follow their\nchief;-- will they?'\n6. The Master said, 'In an act of parricide or regicide, they\nwould not follow him.'\nCHAP. XXIV. 1. Tsze-lu got Tsze-kao appointed governor\nof Pi.\n2. The Master said, 'You are injuring a man's son.'\n3. Tsze-lu said, 'There are (there) common people and\nofficers; there are the altars of the spirits of the land and grain.\nWhy must one read books before he can be considered to have\nlearned?'\n4. The Master said, 'It is on this account that I hate your\nglib-tongued people.'\nCHAP. XXV. 1. Tsze-lu, Tsang Hsi, Zan Yu, and Kung-hsi\nHwa were sitting by the Master.\n2. He said to them, 'Though I am a day or so older than\nyou, do not think of that.\n\u9577\u4e4e\u723e\u3001\u6bcb\u543e\u4ee5\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5c45\u5247\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u543e\u77e5\u4e5f\u3001\u5982\u6216\u77e5\u723e\u3001\u5247\u4f55\u4ee5\u54c9\u3002\u3010\u56db\n\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u7387\u723e\u800c\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u5343\u4e58\u4e4b\u570b\u3001\u651d\u4e4e\u5927\u570b\u4e4b\u9592\u3001\u52a0\u4e4b\u4ee5\u5e2b\u65c5\u3001\u56e0\u4e4b\u4ee5\u9951\u9949\u3001\n\u7531\u4e5f\u70ba\u4e4b\u3001\u6bd4\u53ca\u4e09\u5e74\u3001\u53ef\u4f7f\u6709\u52c7\u3001\u4e14\u77e5\u65b9\u4e5f\u3002\u592b\u5b50\u54c2\u4e4b\u3002\u3010\u4e94\u7bc0\u3011\u6c42\u3001\u723e\u4f55\n\u5982\u3002\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u65b9\u516d\u4e03\u5341\u3001\u5982\u4e94\u516d\u5341\u3001\u6c42\u4e5f\u70ba\u4e4b\u3001\u6bd4\u53ca\u4e09\u5e74\u3001\u53ef\u4f7f\u8db3\u6c11\u3001\u5982\u5176\u79ae\n\u6a02\u3001\u4ee5\n3. 'From day to day you are saying, \"We are not known.\"\nIf some ruler were to know you, what would you like to do?'\n4. Tsze-lu hastily and lightly replied, 'Suppose the case of\na State of ten thousand chariots; let it be straitened between\nother large States; let it be suffering from invading armies; and\nto this let there be added a famine in corn and in all\nvegetables:-- if I were intrusted with the government of it, in\nthree years' time I could make the people to be bold, and to\nrecognise the rules of righteous conduct.' The Master smiled at\nhim.\n5. Turning to Yen Yu, he said, 'Ch'iu, what are your\nwishes?' Ch'iu replied, 'Suppose a state of sixty or seventy li\nsquare, or one of fifty or sixty, and let me have the government\nof it;-- in three years' time, I could make plenty to abound\namong the people. As to teaching them the principles of\npropriety, and music, I must wait for the rise of a superior man\nto do that.'\n\u4fdf\u541b\u5b50\u3002\u3010\u516d\u7bc0\u3011\u8d64\u3001\u723e\u4f55\u5982\u3002\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u975e\u66f0\u80fd\u4e4b\u3001\u9858\u5b78\u7109\u3001\u5b97\u5edf\u4e4b\u4e8b\u3001\u5982\u6703\n\u540c\u3001\u7aef\u7ae0\u752b\u3001\u9858\u70ba\u5c0f\u76f8\u7109\u3002\u3010\u4e03\u7bc0\u3011\u9ede\u3001\u723e\u4f55\u5982\u3002\u9f13\u745f\u5e0c\u93d7\u723e\u3001\u820d\u745f\u800c\u4f5c\u3001\n\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u7570\u4e4e\u4e09\u5b50\u8005\u4e4b\u64b0\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4f55\u50b7\u4e4e\u3001\u8d64\u5404\u8a00\u5176\u5fd7\u4e5f\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u83ab\u6625\u8005\u3001\u6625\u670d\n\u65e2\u6210\u3001\u51a0\u8005\u4e94\u516d\u4eba\u3001\u7ae5\u5b50\u516d\u4e03\u4eba\u3001\u6d74\u4e4e\u6c82\u3001\u98a8\u4e4e\u821e\u96e9\u3001\u8a60\u800c\u6b78\u3002\u592b\u5b50\u559f\u7136\u6b4e\n\u66f0\u3001\u543e\u8207\n6. 'What are your wishes, Ch'ih,' said the Master next to\nKung-hsi Hwa. Ch'ih replied, 'I do not say that my ability\nextends to these things, but I should wish to learn them. At the\nservices of the ancestral temple, and at the audiences of the\nprinces with the sovereign, I should like, dressed in the dark\nsquare-made robe and the black linen cap, to act as a small\nassistant.'\n7. Last of all, the Master asked Tsang Hsi, 'Tien, what are\nyour wishes?' Tien, pausing as he was playing on his lute, while\nit was yet twanging, laid the instrument aside, and rose. 'My\nwishes,' he said, 'are different from the cherished purposes of\nthese three gentlemen.' 'What harm is there in that?' said the\nMaster; 'do you also, as well as they, speak out your wishes.'\nTien then said, 'In this, the last month of spring, with the dress\nof the season all complete, along with five or six young men\nwho have assumed the cap, and six or seven boys, I would\nwash in the I, enjoy the breeze among the rain altars, and\nreturn home singing.' The Master heaved a sigh and said, 'I\ngive my approval to Tien.'\n\u9ede\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u516b\u7bc0\u3011\u4e09\u5b50\u8005\u51fa\u3001\u66fe(\u4e0a\u6790\u3001\u4e0b\u65e5\u3001\u8207\u6670\u540c)\u5f8c\u3001\u66fe(\u4e0a\u6790\u3001\u4e0b\u65e5\u3001\n\u8207\u6670\u540c)\u66f0\u3001\u592b\u4e09\u5b50\u8005\u4e4b\u8a00\u4f55\u5982\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4ea6\u5404\u8a00\u5176\u5fd7\u4e5f\u5df2\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u4e5d\u7bc0\u3011\u66f0\u3001\n\u592b\u5b50\u4f55\u54c2\u7531\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u5341\u7bc0\u3011\u66f0\u3001\u70ba\u570b\u4ee5\u79ae\u3001\u5176\u8a00\u4e0d\u8b93\u3001\u662f\u6545\u54c2\u4e4b\u3002\u3010\u5341\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\n\u552f\u6c42\u5247\u975e\u90a6\u4e5f\u8207\u3002\u5b89\u898b\u65b9\u516d\u4e03\u5341\u3001\u5982\u4e94\u516d\u5341\u3001\u800c\u975e\u90a6\u4e5f\u8005\u3002\u3010\u5341\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u552f\u8d64\n\u5247\u975e\u90a6\u4e5f\u8207\u3002\u5b97\u5edf\u6703\u540c\u3001\u975e\u8af8\u4faf\u800c\u4f55\u3001\u8d64\u4e5f\u70ba\u4e4b\u5c0f\u3001\u5b70\u80fd\u70ba\u4e4b\u5927\u3002\n8. The three others having gone out, Tsang Hsi remained\nbehind, and said, 'What do you think of the words of these\nthree friends?' The Master replied, 'They simply told each one\nhis wishes.'\n9. Hsi pursued, 'Master, why did you smile at Yu?'\n10. He was answered, 'The management of a State\ndemands the rules of propriety. His words were not humble;\ntherefore I smiled at him.'\n11. Hsi again said, 'But was it not a State which Ch'iu\nproposed for himself?' The reply was, 'Yes; did you ever see a\nterritory of sixty or seventy li or one of fifty or sixty, which\nwas not a State?'\n12. Once more, Hsi inquired, 'And was it not a State which\nCh'ih proposed for himself?' The Master again replied, 'Yes; who\nbut princes have to do with ancestral temples, and with\naudiences but the sovereign? If Ch'ih were to be a small\nassistant in these services, who could be a great one?\n\u984f\u6df5\u7b2c\u5341\u4e8c\nBOOK XII. YEN YUAN.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u984f\u6df5\u554f\u4ec1\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u514b\u5df1\u5fa9\u79ae\u70ba\u4ec1\u3001\u4e00\u65e5\u514b\u5df1\u5fa9\u79ae\u3001\u5929\u4e0b\n\u6b78\u4ec1\u7109\u3001\u70ba\u4ec1\u7531\u5df1\u3001\u800c\u7531\u4eba\u4e4e\u54c9\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u984f\u6df5\u66f0\u3001\u8acb\u554f\u5176\u76ee\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u975e\u79ae\n\u52ff\u8996\u3001\u975e\u79ae\u52ff\u807d\u3001\u975e\u79ae\u52ff\u8a00\u3001\u975e\u79ae\u52ff\u52d5\u3002\u984f\u6df5\u66f0\u3001\u56de\u96d6\u4e0d\u654f\u3001\u8acb\u4e8b\u65af\u8a9e\u77e3\u3002\nCHAP. I. 1. Yen Yuan asked about perfect virtue. The\nMaster said, 'To subdue one's self and return to propriety, is\nperfect virtue. If a man can for one day subdue himself and\nreturn to propriety, all under heaven will ascribe perfect virtue\nto him. Is the practice of perfect virtue from a man himself, or\nis it from others?'\n2. Yen Yuan said, 'I beg to ask the steps of that process.'\nThe Master replied, 'Look not at what is contrary to propriety;\nlisten not to what is contrary to propriety; speak not what is\ncontrary to propriety; make no movement which is contrary to\npropriety.' Yen Yuan then said, 'Though I am deficient in\nintelligence and vigour, I will make it my business to practise\nthis lesson.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u4ef2\u5f13\u554f\u4ec1\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u51fa\u9580\u5982\u898b\u5927\u8cd3\u3001\u4f7f\u6c11\u5982\u627f\u5927\u796d\u3001\u5df1\u6240\u4e0d\u6b32\u3001\u52ff\n\u65bd\u65bc\u4eba\u3001\u5728\u90a6\u7121\u6028\u3001\u5728\u5bb6\u7121\u6028\u3002\u4ef2\u5f13\u66f0\u3001\u96cd\u96d6\u4e0d\u654f\u3001\u8acb\u4e8b\u65af\u8a9e\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u53f8\u99ac\u725b\u554f\u4ec1\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4ec1\u8005\u5176\u8a00\nCHAP. II. Chung-kung asked about perfect virtue. The\nMaster said, 'It is, when you go abroad, to behave to every one\nas if you were receiving a great guest; to employ the people as\nif you were assisting at a great sacrifice; not to do to others as\nyou would not wish done to yourself; to have no murmuring\nagainst you in the country, and none in the family.' Chung-kung\nsaid, 'Though I am deficient in intelligence and vigour, I will\nmake it my business to practise this lesson.'\nCHAP. III. 1. Sze-ma Niu asked about perfect virtue.\n2. The Master said, 'The man of perfect virtue is cautious\nand slow in his speech.'\n\u4e5f\u8a12\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u66f0\u3001\u5176\u8a00\u4e5f\u8a12\u3001\u65af\u8b02\u4e4b\u4ec1\u77e3\u4e4e\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u70ba\u4e4b\u96e3\u3001\u8a00\u4e4b\u5f97\u7121\u8a12\n\u4e4e\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u53f8\u99ac\u725b\u554f\u541b\u5b50\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4e0d\u6182\u4e0d\u61fc\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\n\u6182\u4e0d\u61fc\u3001\u65af\u8b02\u4e4b\u541b\u5b50\u77e3\u4e4e\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5167\u7701\u4e0d\u759a\u3001\u592b\u4f55\u6182\u4f55\u61fc\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u53f8\u99ac\u725b\u6182\u66f0\u3001\u4eba\u7686\u6709\u5144\u5f1f\u3001\u6211\u7368\u4ea1\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u590f\n3. 'Cautious and slow in his speech!' said Niu;-- 'is this\nwhat is meant by perfect virtue?' The Master said, 'When a\nman feels the difficulty of doing, can he be other than cautious\nand slow in speaking?'\nCHAP. IV. 1. Sze-ma Niu asked about the superior man.\nThe Master said, 'The superior man has neither anxiety nor\nfear.'\n2. 'Being without anxiety or fear!' said Nui;-- 'does this\nconstitute what we call the superior man?'\n3. The Master said, 'When internal examination discovers\nnothing wrong, what is there to be anxious about, what is there\nto fear?'\nCHAP. V. 1. Sze-ma Niu, full of anxiety, said, 'Other men\nall have their brothers, I only have not.'\n2. Tsze-hsia said to him, 'There is the following saying\nwhich I have heard:--\n\u66f0\u3001\u5546\u805e\u4e4b\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u6b7b\u751f\u6709\u547d\u3001\u5bcc\u8cb4\u5728\u5929\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u541b\u5b50\u656c\u800c\u7121\u5931\u3001\u8207\n\u4eba\u606d\u800c\u6709\u79ae\u3001\u56db\u6d77\u4e4b\u5167\u3001\u7686\u5144\u5f1f\u4e5f\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4f55\u60a3\u4e4e\u7121\u5144\u5f1f\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u5f35\u554f\u660e\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6d78\u6f64\u4e4b\u8b56\u3001\u819a\u53d7\u4e4b\u612c\u3001\u4e0d\u884c\u7109\u3001\u53ef\u8b02\u660e\u4e5f\u5df2\u77e3\u3001\n\u6d78\u6f64\u4e4b\u8b56\u3001\u819a\u53d7\u4e4b\u612c\u3001\u4e0d\u884c\u7109\u3001\u53ef\u8b02\u9060\u4e5f\u5df2\u77e3\u3002\n3. '\"Death and life have their determined appointment;\nriches and honours depend upon Heaven.\"\n4. 'Let the superior man never fail reverentially to order\nhis own conduct, and let him be respectful to others and\nobservant of propriety:-- then all within the four seas will be\nhis brothers. What has the superior man to do with being\ndistressed because he has no brothers?'\nCHAP. VI. Tsze-chang asked what constituted intelligence.\nThe Master said, 'He with whom neither slander that gradually\nsoaks into the mind, nor statements that startle like a wound in\nthe flesh, are successful, may be called intelligent indeed. Yea,\nhe with whom neither soaking slander, nor startling\nstatements, are successful, may be called farseeing.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u554f\u653f\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u8db3\u98df\u3001\u8db3\u5175\u3001\u6c11\u4fe1\u4e4b\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\n\u66f0\u3001\u5fc5\u4e0d\u5f97\u5df2\u800c\u53bb\u3001\u65bc\u65af\u4e09\u8005\u4f55\u5148\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u53bb\u5175\u3002\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u5fc5\u4e0d\u5f97\u5df2\u800c\u53bb\u3001\u65bc\n\u65af\u4e8c\u8005\u4f55\u5148\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u53bb\u98df\u3001\u81ea\u53e4\u7686\u6709\u6b7b\u3001\u6c11\u7121\u4fe1\u4e0d\u7acb\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u68d8\u5b50\u6210\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u8cea\u800c\u5df2\u77e3\u3001\u4f55\u4ee5\u6587\u70ba\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\nCHAP. VII. 1. Tsze-kung asked about government. The\nMaster said, 'The requisites of government are that there be\nsufficiency of food, sufficiency of military equipment, and the\nconfidence of the people in their ruler.'\n2. Tsze-kung said, 'If it cannot be helped, and one of\nthese must be dispensed with, which of the three should be\nforegone first?' 'The military equipment,' said the Master.\n3. Tsze-kung again asked, 'If it cannot be helped, and one\nof the remaining two must be dispensed with, which of them\nshould be foregone?' The Master answered, 'Part with the food.\nFrom of old, death has been the lot of all men; but if the people\nhave no faith in their rulers, there is no standing for the state.'\nCHAP. VIII. 1. Chi Tsze-ch'ang said, 'In a superior man it\nis only the substantial qualities which are wanted;-- why\nshould we seek for ornamental accomplishments?'\n\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u60dc\u4e4e\u592b\u5b50\u4e4b\u8aaa\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4e5f\u3001\u99df\u4e0d\u53ca\u820c\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u6587\u7336\u8cea\u4e5f\u3001\u8cea\u7336\u6587\u4e5f\u3001\n\u864e\u8c79\u4e4b(kuo4, \u9769+\u4eab\u3001\u8207\u97b9\u540c)\u3001\u7336\u72ac\u7f8a\u4e4b(kuo4, \u9769+\u4eab\u3001\u8207\u97b9\u540c)\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u54c0\u516c\u554f\u65bc\u6709\u82e5\u66f0\u5e74\u9951\u3001\u7528\u4e0d\u8db3\u3001\u5982\u4e4b\u4f55\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u6709\u82e5\n\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u76cd\u5fb9\u4e4e\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u66f0\u3001\u4e8c\u3001\u543e\u7336\u4e0d\u8db3\u3001\u5982\u4e4b\u4f55\u5176\u5fb9\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\n\u767e\u59d3\u8db3\u3001\u541b\u5b70\u8207\u4e0d\u8db3\u3001\u767e\u59d3\u4e0d\u8db3\u3001\u541b\u5b70\u8207\u8db3\u3002\n2. Tsze-kung said, 'Alas! Your words, sir, show you to be a\nsuperior man, but four horses cannot overtake the tongue.\n3. Ornament is as substance; substance is as ornament.\nThe hide of a tiger or a leopard stripped of its hair, is like the\nhide of a dog or a goat stripped of its hair.'\nCHAP. IX. 1. The Duke Ai inquired of Yu Zo, saying, 'The\nyear is one of scarcity, and the returns for expenditure are not\nsufficient;-- what is to be done?'\n2. Yu Zo replied to him, 'Why not simply tithe the\npeople?'\n3. 'With two tenths, said the duke, 'I find it not enough;--\nhow could I do with that system of one tenth?'\n4. Yu Zo answered, 'If the people have plenty, their prince\nwill not be left to want alone. If the people are in want, their\nprince cannot enjoy plenty alone.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u5f35\u554f\u5d07\u5fb7\u3001\u8fa8\u60d1\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e3b\u5fe0\u4fe1\u3001\u5f92\u7fa9\u3001\u5d07\u5fb7\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\n\u7bc0\u3011\u611b\u4e4b\u6b32\u5176\u751f\u3001\u60e1\u4e4b\u6b32\u5176\u6b7b\u3001\u65e2\u6b32\u5176\u751f\u3001\u53c8\u6b32\u5176\u6b7b\u3001\u662f\u60d1\u4e5f\u3002\u8aa0\u4e0d\u4ee5\u5bcc\u4ea6\n\u7947\u4ee5\u7570\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u9f4a\u666f\u516c\u554f\u653f\u65bc\u5b54\u5b50\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u541b\u3001\u81e3\u81e3\u3001\n\u7236\u7236\u3001\u5b50\u5b50\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u516c\u66f0\u3001\u5584\u54c9\u3001\u4fe1\u5982\u541b\u4e0d\u541b\u3001\u81e3\u4e0d\u81e3\u3001\u7236\u4e0d\u7236\u3001\u5b50\u4e0d\u5b50\u3001\n\u96d6\u6709\u7c9f\u3001\u543e\u5f97\u800c\u98df\u8af8\u3002\nCHAP. X. 1. Tsze-chang having asked how virtue was to\nbe exalted, and delusions to be discovered, the Master said,\n'Hold faithfulness and sincerity as first principles, and be\nmoving continually to what is right;-- this is the way to exalt\none's virtue.\n2. 'You love a man and wish him to live; you hate him and\nwish him to die. Having wished him to live, you also wish him\nto die. This is a case of delusion.\n3. '\"It may not be on account of her being rich, yet you\ncome to make a difference.\"'\nCHAP. XI. 1. The Duke Ching, of Ch'i, asked Confucius\nabout government.\n2. Confucius replied, 'There is government, when the\nprince is prince, and the minister is minister; when the father\nis father, and the son is son.'\n3. 'Good!' said the duke; 'if, indeed; the prince be not\nprince, the minister not minister, the father not father, and the\nson not son, although I have my revenue, can I enjoy it?'\n\u3010\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7247\u8a00\u53ef\u4ee5\u6298\u7344\u8005\u3001\u5176\u7531\u4e5f\u8207\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u7121\u5bbf\n\u8afe\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u807d\u8a1f\u3001\u543e\u7336\u4eba\u4e5f\u3001\u5fc5\u4e5f\u3001\u4f7f\u7121\u8a1f\u4e4e\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u5f35\u554f\u653f\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5c45\u4e4b\u7121\u5026\u3001\u884c\u4e4b\u4ee5\u5fe0\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u535a\u5b78\u65bc\u6587\u3001\u7d04\u4e4b\u4ee5\u79ae\u3001\u4ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f17\u7554\u77e3\u592b\u3002\nCHAP. XII. 1. The Master said, 'Ah! it is Yu, who could\nwith half a word settle litigations!'\n2. Tsze-lu never slept over a promise.\nCHAP. XIII. The Master said, 'In hearing litigations, I am\nlike any other body. What is necessary, however, is to cause\nthe people to have no litigations.'\nCHAP. XIV. Tsze-chang asked about government. The\nMaster said, 'The art of governing is to keep its affairs before\nthe mind without weariness, and to practise them with\nundeviating consistency.'\nCHAP. XV. The Master said, 'By extensively studying all\nlearning, and keeping himself under the restraint of the rules\nof propriety, one may thus likewise not err from what is right.'\n\u3010\u5341\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u6210\u4eba\u4e4b\u7f8e\u3001\u4e0d\u6210\u4eba\u4e4b\u60e1\u3001\u5c0f\u4eba\u53cd\u662f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u674e\u5eb7\u5b50\u554f\u653f\u65bc\u5b54\u5b50\u3002\u5b54\u5b50\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u653f\u8005\u6b63\u4e5f\u3001\u5b50\u5e25\u4ee5\u6b63\u3001\u5b70\u6562\u4e0d\u6b63\u3002\n\u674e\u5eb7\u5b50\u60a3\u76dc\u3001\u554f\u65bc\u5b54\u5b50\u3002\u5b54\u5b50\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u82df\u5b50\u4e4b\u4e0d\u6b32\u3001\u96d6\u8cde\u4e4b\u4e0d\u7aca\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u674e\u5eb7\u5b50\u554f\u653f\u65bc\u5b54\u5b50\u3001\u66f0\u3001\u5982\u6bba\u7121\u9053\u3001\u4ee5\u5c31\u6709\u9053\u3001\u4f55\u5982\u3002\nCHAP. XVI. The Master said, 'The superior man seeks to\nperfect the admirable qualities of men, and does not seek to\nperfect their bad qualities. The mean man does the opposite of\nthis.'\nCHAP. XVII. Chi K'ang asked Confucius about government.\nConfucius replied, 'To govern means to rectify. If you lead on\nthe people with correctness, who will dare not to be correct?'\nCHAP. XVIII. Chi K'ang, distressed about the number of\nthieves in the state, inquired of Confucius how to do away with\nthem. Confucius said, 'If you, sir, were not covetous, although\nyou should reward them to do it, they would not steal.'\nCHAP. XIX. Chi K'ang asked Confucius about government,\nsaying, 'What do you say to killing the unprincipled for the\ngood of the principled?' Confucius replied, 'Sir, in carrying on\nyour government, why should you use killing at all? Let your\nevinced desires be for what is good, and the people will be\ngood. The relation\n\u5b54\u5b50\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u5b50\u70ba\u653f\u3001\u7109\u7528\u6bba\u3001\u5b50\u6b32\u5584\u3001\u800c\u6c11\u5584\u77e3\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4e4b\u5fb7\u98a8\u3001\u5c0f\u4eba\u4e4b\u5fb7\u8349\u3001\n\u8349\u4e0a\u4e4b\u98a8\u5fc5\u5043\u3002\n\u3010\u4e8c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u5f35\u554f\u58eb\u4f55\u5982\u3001\u65af\u53ef\u8b02\u4e4b\u9054\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4f55\u54c9\u3001\n\u723e\u6240\u8b02\u9054\u8005\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u5f35\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u5728\u90a6\u5fc5\u805e\u3001\u5728\u5bb6\u5fc5\u805e\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u662f\n\u805e\u4e5f\u3001\u975e\u9054\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e94\u7bc0\u3011\u592b\u9054\u4e5f\u8005\u3001\u8cea\u76f4\u800c\u597d\u7fa9\u3001\u5bdf\u8a00\u800c\u89c0\u8272\u3001\u616e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4eba\u3001\n\u5728\u90a6\u5fc5\u9054\u3001\u5728\u5bb6\u5fc5\u9054\u3002\u3010\u516d\u7bc0\u3011\u592b\u805e\u4e5f\u8005\u3001\u8272\u53d6\u4ec1\u800c\u884c\nbetween superiors and inferiors, is like that between the wind\nand the grass. The grass must bend, when the wind blows\nacross it.'\nCHAP. XX. 1. Tsze-chang asked, 'What must the officer be,\nwho may be said to be distinguished?'\n2. The Master said, 'What is it you call being\ndistinguished?'\n3. Tsze-chang replied, 'It is to be heard of through the\nState, to be heard of throughout his clan.'\n4. The Master said, 'That is notoriety, not distinction.\n5. 'Now the man of distinction is solid and\nstraightforward, and loves righteousness. He examines people's\nwords, and looks at their countenances. He is anxious to humble\nhimself to others. Such a man will be distinguished in the\ncountry; he will be distinguished in his clan.\n6. 'As to the man of notoriety, he assumes the appearance\nof\n\u9055\u3001\u5c45\u4e4b\u4e0d\u7591\u3001\u5728\u90a6\u5fc5\u805e\u3001\u5728\u5bb6\u5fc5\u805e\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u6a0a\u9072\u5f9e\u904a\u65bc\u821e\u96e9\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u6562\u554f\u5d07\u5fb7\u3001\u4fee\u615d\u3001\u8fa8\u60d1\u3002\u5b50\n\u66f0\u3001\u5584\u54c9\u554f\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5148\u4e8b\u5f8c\u5f97\u3001\u975e\u5d07\u5fb7\u8207\u3001\u653b\u5176\u60e1\u3001\u7121\u653b\u4eba\u4e4b\u60e1\u3001\u975e\u4fee\u615d\n\u8207\u3001\u4e00\u671d\u4e4b\u5fff\u3001\u5fd8\u5176\u8eab\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u89aa\u3001\u975e\u60d1\u8207\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u6a0a\u9072\u554f\u4ec1\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u611b\u4eba\u3002\u554f\nvirtue, but his actions are opposed to it, and he rests in this\ncharacter without any doubts about himself. Such a man will be\nheard of in the country; he will be heard of in the clan.'\nCHAP. XXI. 1. Fan Ch'ih rambling with the Master under\nthe trees about the rain altars, said, 'I venture to ask how to\nexalt virtue, to correct cherished evil, and to discover\ndelusions.'\n2. The Master said, 'Truly a good question!\n3. 'If doing what is to be done be made the first business,\nand success a secondary consideration;-- is not this the way to\nexalt virtue? To assail one's own wickedness and not assail that\nof others;-- is not this the way to correct cherished evil? For a\nmorning's anger to disregard one's own life, and involve that of\nhis parents;-- is not this a case of delusion?'\nCHAP. XXII. 1. Fan Ch'ih asked about benevolence. The\nMaster said, 'It is to love all men.' He asked about knowledge.\nThe Master said, 'It is to know all men.'\n\u77e5\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u77e5\u4eba\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u6a0a\u9072\u672a\u9054\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8209\u76f4\u932f\u8af8\u6789\u3001\u80fd\u4f7f\u6789\n\u8005\u76f4\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u6a0a\u9072\u9000\u3001\u898b\u5b50\u590f\u66f0\u3001\u9109\u4e5f\u3001\u543e\u898b\u65bc\u592b\u5b50\u800c\u554f\u77e5\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8209\u76f4\n\u932f\u8af8\u6789\u3001\u80fd\u4f7f\u6789\u8005\u76f4\u3001\u4f55\u8b02\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e94\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u590f\u66f0\u3001\u5bcc\u54c9\u8a00\u4e4e\u3002\u3010\u516d\u7bc0\u3011\u821c\u6709\n\u5929\u4e0b\u3001\u9078\u65bc\u773e\u3001\u8209\u768b\u9676\u3001\u4e0d\u4ec1\u8005\u9060\u77e3\u3001\u6e6f\u6709\u5929\u4e0b\u3001\u9078\u65bc\u773e\u3001\u8209\u4f0a\u5c39\u3001\u4e0d\u4ec1\u8005\n\u9060\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u554f\u53cb\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5fe0\u544a\u800c\u5584\u9053\n2. Fan Ch'ih did not immediately understand these\nanswers.\n3. The Master said, 'Employ the upright and put aside all\nthe crooked;-- in this way the crooked can be made to be\nupright.'\n4. Fan Ch'ih retired, and, seeing Tsze-hsia, he said to him,\n'A Little while ago, I had an interview with our Master, and\nasked him about knowledge. He said, 'Employ the upright, and\nput aside all the crooked;-- in this way, the crooked will be\nmade to be upright.' What did he mean?'\n5. Tsze-hsia said, 'Truly rich is his saying!\n6. 'Shun, being in possession of the kingdom, selected\nfrom among all the people, and employed Kao-yao, on which all\nwho were devoid of virtue disappeared. T'ang, being in\npossession of the kingdom, selected from among all the people,\nand employed I Yin, and all who were devoid of virtue\ndisappeared.'\nCHAP. XXIII. Tsze-kung asked about friendship. The\nMaster said, 'Faithfully admonish your friend, and skillfully\nlead him on. If you find him impracticable, stop. Do not\ndisgrace yourself.'\n\u4e4b\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u5247\u6b62\u3001\u6bcb\u81ea\u8fb1\u7109\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u66fe\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4ee5\u6587\u6703\u53cb\u3001\u4ee5\u53cb\u8f14\u4ec1\u3002\nCHAP. XXIV. The philosopher Tsang said, 'The superior\nman on grounds of culture meets with his friends, and by their\nfriendship helps his virtue.'\n\u5b50\u8def\u7b2c\u5341\u4e09\nBOOK XIII. TSZE-LU.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u554f\u653f\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5148\u4e4b\u3001\u52de\u4e4b\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u8acb\u76ca\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u7121\n\u5026\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u4ef2\u5f13\u70ba\u674e\u6c0f\nCHAP. I. 1. Tsze-lu asked about government. The Master\nsaid, 'Go before the people with your example, and be laborious\nin their affairs.'\n2. He requested further instruction, and was answered,\n'Be not weary (in these things).'\nCHAP. II. 1. Chung-kung, being chief minister to the Head\nof the Chi family, asked about government. The Master said,\n'Employ\n\u5bb0\u3001\u554f\u653f\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5148\u6709\u53f8\u3001\u8d66\u5c0f\u904e\u3001\u8209\u8ce2\u624d\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u66f0\u3001\u7109\u77e5\u8ce2\u624d\u800c\u8209\u4e4b\u3002\n\u66f0\u3001\u8209\u723e\u6240\u77e5\u3001\u723e\u6240\u4e0d\u77e5\u3001\u4eba\u5176\u820d\u8af8\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u66f0\u3001\u885b\u541b\u5f85\u5b50\u800c\u70ba\u653f\u3001\u5b50\u5c07\u595a\u5148\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\n\u5fc5\u4e5f\u3001\u6b63\u540d\u4e4e\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u66f0\u3001\u6709\u662f\u54c9\u3001\u5b50\u4e4b\u8fc2\u4e5f\u3001\u595a\u5176\u6b63\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\n\u66f0\u3001\u91ce\u54c9\u3001\u7531\u4e5f\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u65bc\u5176\u6240\u4e0d\u77e5\u3001\u84cb\u95d5\u5982\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e94\u7bc0\u3011\u540d\u4e0d\nfirst the services of your various officers, pardon small faults,\nand raise to office men of virtue and talents.'\n2. Chung-kung said, 'How shall I know the men of virtue\nand talent, so that I may raise them to office?' He was\nanswered, 'Raise to office those whom you know. As to those\nwhom you do not know, will others neglect them?'\nCHAP. III. 1. Tsze-lu said, 'The ruler of Wei has been\nwaiting for you, in order with you to administer the\ngovernment. What will you consider the first thing to be done?'\n2. The Master replied, 'What is necessary is to rectify\nnames.'\n3. 'So, indeed!' said Tsze-lu. 'You are wide of the mark!\nWhy must there be such rectification?'\n4. The Master said, 'How uncultivated you are, Yu! A\nsuperior man, in regard to what he does not know, shows a\ncautious reserve.\n5. 'If names be not correct, language is not in accordance\nwith\n\u6b63\u3001\u5247\u8a00\u4e0d\u9806\u3001\u8a00\u4e0d\u9806\u3001\u5247\u4e8b\u4e0d\u6210\u3002\u3010\u516d\u7bc0\u3011\u4e8b\u4e0d\u6210\u3001\u5247\u79ae\u6a02\u4e0d\u8208\u3001\u79ae\u6a02\u4e0d\n\u8208\u3001\u5247\u5211\u7f70\u4e0d\u4e2d\u3001\u5211\u7f70\u4e0d\u4e2d\u3001\u5247\u6c11\u7121\u6240\u63aa\u624b\u8db3\u3002\u3010\u4e03\u7bc0\u3011\u6545\u541b\u5b50\u540d\u4e4b\u5fc5\u53ef\u8a00\n\u4e5f\u3001\u8a00\u4e4b\u5fc5\u53ef\u884c\u4e5f\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u65bc\u5176\u8a00\u3001\u7121\u6240\u830d\u800c\u5df2\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u6a0a\u9072\u8acb\u5b78\u7a3c\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u543e\u4e0d\u5982\u8001\u8fb2\u3002\u8acb\u5b78\u70ba\u5703\u3002\u66f0\u3001\nthe truth of things. If language be not in accordance with the\ntruth of things, affairs cannot be carried on to success.\n6. 'When affairs cannot be carried on to success,\nproprieties and music will not flourish. When proprieties and\nmusic do not flourish, punishments will not be properly\nawarded. When punishments are not properly awarded, the\npeople do not know how to move hand or foot.\n7. 'Therefore a superior man considers it necessary that\nthe names he uses may be spoken appropriately, and also that\nwhat he speaks may be carried out appropriately. What the\nsuperior man requires, is just that in his words there may be\nnothing incorrect.'\nCHAP. IV. 1. Fan Ch'ih requested to be taught husbandry.\nThe Master said, 'I am not so good for that as an old\nhusbandman.' He\n\u543e\u4e0d\u5982\u8001\u5703\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u6a0a\u9072\u51fa\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5c0f\u4eba\u54c9\u3001\u6a0a\u9808\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u4e0a\u597d\u79ae\u3001\n\u5247\u6c11\u83ab\u6562\u4e0d\u656c\u3001\u4e0a\u597d\u7fa9\u3001\u5247\u6c11\u83ab\u6562\u4e0d\u670d\u3001\u4e0a\u597d\u4fe1\u3001\u5247\u6c11\u83ab\u6562\u4e0d\u7528\u60c5\u3001\u592b\u5982\u662f\u3001\n\u5247\u56db\u65b9\u4e4b\u6c11\u3001\u8941\u8ca0\u5176\u5b50\u800c\u81f3\u77e3\u3001\u7109\u7528\u7a3c\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8aa6\u8a69\u4e09\u767e\u3001\u6388\u4e4b\u4ee5\u653f\u3001\u4e0d\u9054\u3001\u4f7f\u65bc\u56db\u65b9\u3001\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c08\u5c0d\u3001\u96d6\u591a\u3001\n\u4ea6\u595a\u4ee5\u70ba\u3002\nrequested also to be taught gardening, and was answered, 'I am\nnot so good for that as an old gardener.'\n2. Fan Ch'ih having gone out, the Master said, 'A small\nman, indeed, is Fan Hsu!\n3. If a superior love propriety, the people will not dare\nnot to be reverent. If he love righteousness, the people will not\ndare not to submit to his example. If he love good faith, the\npeople will not dare not to be sincere. Now, when these things\nobtain, the people from all quarters will come to him, bearing\ntheir children on their backs;-- what need has he of a\nknowledge of husbandry?'\nCHAP. V. The Master said, 'Though a man may be able to\nrecite the three hundred odes, yet if, when intrusted with a\ngovernmental charge, he knows not how to act, or if, when sent\nto any quarter on a mission, he cannot give his replies\nunassisted, notwithstanding the extent of his learning, of what\npractical use is it?'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5176\u8eab\u6b63\u3001\u4e0d\u4ee4\u800c\u884c\u3001\u5176\u8eab\u4e0d\u6b63\u3001\u96d6\u4ee4\u4e0d\u5f9e\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u9b6f\u885b\u4e4b\u653f\u3001\u5144\u5f1f\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8b02\u885b\u516c\u5b50\u834a\u5584\u5c45\u5ba4\u3001\u59cb\u6709\u3001\u66f0\u3001\u82df\u5408\u77e3\u3001\u5c11\u6709\u3001\u66f0\u3001\u82df\u5b8c\u77e3\u3001\n\u5bcc\u6709\u3001\u66f0\u3001\u82df\u7f8e\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u9069\u885b\u3001\u5189\u6709\u50d5\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5eb6\u77e3\u54c9\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5189\n\u6709\u66f0\u3001\u65e2\u5eb6\u77e3\u3001\nCHAP. VI. The Master said, 'When a prince's personal\nconduct is correct, his government is effective without the\nissuing of orders. If his personal conduct is not correct, he may\nissue orders, but they will not be followed.'\nCHAP. VII. The Master said, 'The governments of Lu and\nWei are brothers.'\nCHAP. VIII. The Master said of Ching, a scion of the ducal\nfamily of Wei, that he knew the economy of a family well.\nWhen he began to have means, he said, 'Ha! here is a\ncollection!' When they were a little increased, he said, 'Ha! this\nis complete!' When he had become rich, he said, 'Ha! this is\nadmirable!'\nCHAP. IX. 1. When the Master went to Wei, Zan Yu acted\nas driver of his carriage.\n2. The Master observed, 'How numerous are the people!'\n3. Yu said, 'Since they are thus numerous, what more\nshall be done for them?' 'Enrich them,' was the reply.\n\u53c8\u4f55\u52a0\u7109\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u5bcc\u4e4b\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u66f0\u3001\u65e2\u5bcc\u77e3\u3001\u53c8\u4f55\u52a0\u7109\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u6559\u4e4b\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u82df\u6709\u7528\u6211\u8005\u3001\uff08\u4e0a\u5176\u4e0b\u6708, ji1\uff09\u6708\u800c\u5df2\u53ef\u4e5f\u3001\u4e09\u5e74\u6709\u6210\u3002\n\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5584\u4eba\u70ba\u90a6\u767e\u5e74\u3001\u4ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ab5\u6b98\u53bb\u6bba\u77e3\u3001\u8aa0\u54c9\u662f\u8a00\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5982\u6709\u738b\u8005\u3001\u5fc5\u4e16\u800c\u5f8c\u4ec1\u3002\n4. 'And when they have been enriched, what more shall\nbe done?' The Master said, 'Teach them.'\nCHAP. X. The Master said, 'If there were (any of the\nprinces) who would employ me, in the course of twelve\nmonths, I should have done something considerable. In three\nyears, the government would be perfected.'\nCHAP. XI. The Master said, '\"If good men were to govern a\ncountry in succession for a hundred years, they would be able\nto transform the violently bad, and dispense with capital\npunishments.\" True indeed is this saying!'\nCHAP. XII. The Master said, 'If a truly royal ruler were to\narise, it would still require a generation, and then virtue would\nprevail.'\n\u3010\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u82df\u6b63\u5176\u8eab\u77e3\u3001\u65bc\u5f9e\u653f\u4e4e\u4f55\u6709\u3001\u4e0d\u80fd\u6b63\u5176\u8eab\u3001\u5982\u6b63\u4eba\u4f55\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5189\u5b50\u9000\u671d\u3001\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4f55\u664f\u4e5f\u3002\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u6709\u653f\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5176\u4e8b\u4e5f\u3001\u5982\u6709\u653f\u3001\n\u96d6\u4e0d\u543e\n\u4ee5\u3001\u543e\u5176\u8207\u805e\u4e4b\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b9a\u516c\u554f\u4e00\u8a00\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8208\u90a6\u3001\u6709\u8af8\u3002\u5b54\u5b50\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u8a00\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u82e5\n\u662f\u5176\nCHAP. XIII. The Master said, 'If a minister make his own\nconduct correct, what difficulty will he have in assisting in\ngovernment? If he cannot rectify himself, what has he to do\nwith rectifying others?'\nCHAP. XIV. The disciple Zan returning from the court, the\nMaster said to him, 'How are you so late?' He replied, 'We had\ngovernment business.' The Master said, 'It must have been\nfamily affairs. If there had been government business, though I\nam not now in office, I should have been consulted about it.'\nCHAP. XV. 1. The Duke Ting asked whether there was a\nsingle sentence which could make a country prosperous.\nConfucius replied, 'Such an effect cannot be expected from one\nsentence.\n\u5e7e\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u4eba\u4e4b\u8a00\u66f0\u3001\u70ba\u541b\u96e3\u3001\u70ba\u81e3\u4e0d\u6613\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5982\u77e5\u70ba\u541b\u4e4b\u96e3\u4e5f\u3001\n\u4e0d\u5e7e\u4e4e\u4e00\u8a00\u800c\u8208\u90a6\u4e4e\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u66f0\u3001\u4e00\u8a00\u800c\u55aa\u90a6\u6709\u8af8\u3002\u5b54\u5b50\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u8a00\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\n\u82e5\u662f\u5176\u5e7e\u4e5f\u3001\u4eba\u4e4b\u8a00\u66f0\u3001\u4e88\u7121\u6a02\u4e4e\u70ba\u541b\u3001\u552f\u5176\u8a00\u800c\u83ab\u4e88\u9055\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e94\u7bc0\u3011\u5982\u5176\n\u5584\u3001\u800c\u83ab\u4e4b\u9055\u4e5f\u3001\u4e0d\u4ea6\u5584\u4e4e\u3002\u5982\u4e0d\u5584\u800c\u83ab\u4e4b\u9055\u4e5f\u3001\u4e0d\u5e7e\u4e4e\u4e00\u8a00\u800c\u55aa\u90a6\u4e4e\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u8449\u516c\u554f\u653f\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8fd1\u8005\u8aaa\u3001\u9060\n2. 'There is a saying, however, which people have-- \"To\nbe a prince is difficult; to be a minister is not easy.\"\n3. 'If a ruler knows this,-- the difficulty of being a\nprince,-- may there not be expected from this one sentence the\nprosperity of his country?'\n4. The duke then said, 'Is there a single sentence which\ncan ruin a country?' Confucius replied, 'Such an effect as that\ncannot be expected from one sentence. There is, however, the\nsaying which people have-- \"I have no pleasure in being a\nprince, but only in that no one can offer any opposition to what\nI say!\"\n5. 'If a ruler's words be good, is it not also good that no\none oppose them? But if they are not good, and no one opposes\nthem, may there not be expected from this one sentence the\nruin of his country?'\nCHAP. XVI. 1. The Duke of Sheh asked about government.\n2. The Master said, 'Good government obtains, when those\nwho are near are made happy, and those who are far off are\nattracted.'\n\u8005\u4f86\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u590f\u70ba\u8392\u7236\u5bb0\u3001\u554f\u653f\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7121\u6b32\u901f\u3001\u7121\u898b\u5c0f\u5229\u3002\u6b32\u901f\u5247\u4e0d\u9054\u3001\n\u898b\u5c0f\u5229\u5247\u5927\u4e8b\u4e0d\u6210\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u8449\u516c\u8a9e\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u543e\u9ee8\u6709\u76f4\u8eac\u8005\u3001\u5176\u7236\u6518\u7f8a\u3001\u800c\u5b50\u8b49\u4e4b\u3002\n\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u543e\u9ee8\u4e4b\u76f4\u8005\u7570\u65bc\u662f\u3001\u7236\u70ba\u5b50\u96b1\u3001\u5b50\u70ba\u7236\u96b1\u3001\u76f4\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u77e3\u3002\nCHAP. XVII. Tsze-hsia, being governor of Chu-fu, asked\nabout government. The Master said, 'Do not be desirous to have\nthings done quickly; do not look at small advantages. Desire to\nhave things done quickly prevents their being done thoroughly.\nLooking at small advantages prevents great affairs from being\naccomplished.'\nCHAP. XVIII. 1. The Duke of Sheh informed Confucius,\nsaying, 'Among us here there are those who may be styled\nupright in their conduct. If their father have stolen a sheep,\nthey will bear witness to the fact.'\n2. Confucius said, 'Among us, in our part of the country,\nthose who are upright are different from this. The father\nconceals the misconduct of the son, and the son conceals the\nmisconduct of the father. Uprightness is to be found in this.'\n\u3010\u5341\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u6a0a\u9072\u554f\u4ec1\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5c45\u8655\u606d\u3001\u57f7\u4e8b\u656c\u3001\u8207\u4eba\u5fe0\u3001\u96d6\u4e4b\u5937\u72c4\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u68c4\n\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u4e8c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u554f\u66f0\u3001\u4f55\u5982\u65af\u53ef\u8b02\u4e4b\u58eb\u77e3\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u884c\u5df1\u6709\u6065\u3001\u4f7f\u65bc\n\u56db\u65b9\u3001\u4e0d\u8fb1\u541b\u547d\u3001\u53ef\u8b02\u58eb\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u66f0\u3001\u6562\u554f\u5176\u6b21\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u5b97\u65cf\u7a31\u5b5d\u7109\u3001\u9109\n\u9ee8\u7a31\u5f1f\u7109\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u66f0\u3001\u6562\u554f\u5176\u6b21\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u8a00\u5fc5\u4fe1\u3001\u884c\u5fc5\u679c\u3001\u785c\u785c\u7136\u3001\u5c0f\nCHAP. XIX. Fan Ch'ih asked about perfect virtue. The\nMaster said, 'It is, in retirement, to be sedately grave; in the\nmanagement of business, to be reverently attentive; in\nintercourse with others, to be strictly sincere. Though a man go\namong rude, uncultivated tribes, these qualities may not be\nneglected.'\nCHAP. XX. 1. Tsze-kung asked, saying, 'What qualities\nmust a man possess to entitle him to be called an officer? The\nMaster said, 'He who in his conduct of himself maintains a\nsense of shame, and when sent to any quarter will not disgrace\nhis prince's commission, deserves to be called an officer.'\n3. Tsze-kung pursued, 'I venture to ask who may be\nplaced in the next lower rank?' And he was told, 'He whom the\ncircle of his relatives pronounce to be filial, whom his fellow-\nvillagers and neighbours pronounce to be fraternal.'\n3. Again the disciple asked, 'I venture to ask about the\nclass still next in order.' The Master said, 'They are determined\nto be sincere in what they say, and to carry out what they do.\nThey are obstinate little men. Yet perhaps they may make the\nnext class.'\n\u4eba\u54c9\u3001\u6291\u4ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u70ba\u6b21\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u66f0\u3001\u4eca\u4e4b\u5f9e\u653f\u8005\u4f55\u5982\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u566b\u3001\u6597\u7b72\u4e4b\n\u4eba\u3001\u4f55\u8db3\u7b97\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e2d\u884c\u800c\u8207\u4e4b\u3001\u5fc5\u4e5f\u72c2\u72f7\u4e4e\u3001\u72c2\u8005\u9032\u53d6\u3001\u72f7\u8005\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u70ba\n\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5357\u4eba\u6709\u8a00\u66f0\u3001\u4eba\u800c\u7121\u6046\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u5deb\u91ab\u3001\u5584\u592b\u3002\n\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u4e0d\u6046\u5176\u5fb7\u3001\u6216\u627f\u4e4b\n4. Tsze-kung finally inquired, 'Of what sort are those of\nthe present day, who engage in government?' The Master said\n'Pooh! they are so many pecks and hampers, not worth being\ntaken into account.'\nCHAP. XXI. The Master said, 'Since I cannot get men\npursuing the due medium, to whom I might communicate my\ninstructions, I must find the ardent and the cautiously-decided.\nThe ardent will advance and lay hold of truth; the cautiously-\ndecided will keep themselves from what is wrong.'\nCHAP. XXII. 1. The Master said, 'The people of the south\nhave a saying-- \"A man without constancy cannot be either a\nwizard or a doctor.\" Good!\n2. 'Inconstant in his virtue, he will be visited with\ndisgrace.'\n\u7f9e\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u5360\u800c\u5df2\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u548c\u800c\u4e0d\u540c\u3001\u5c0f\u4eba\u540c\u800c\u4e0d\u548c\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u554f\u66f0\u3001\u9109\u4eba\u7686\u597d\u4e4b\u3001\u4f55\u5982\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u672a\u53ef\u4e5f\u3002\u9109\u4eba\u7686\u60e1\u4e4b\u3001\u4f55\n\u5982\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u672a\u53ef\u4e5f\u3002\u4e0d\u5982\u9109\u4eba\u4e4b\u5584\u8005\u597d\u4e4b\u3001\u5176\u4e0d\u5584\u8005\u60e1\u4e4b\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u6613\u4e8b\u800c\u96e3\u8aaa\u4e5f\u3001\u8aaa\u4e4b\u4e0d\u4ee5\u9053\u3001\u4e0d\u8aaa\u4e5f\u3001\u53ca\n3. The Master said, 'This arises simply from not attending\nto the prognostication.'\nCHAP. XXIII. The Master said, 'The superior man is\naffable, but not adulatory; the mean man is adulatory, but not\naffable.'\nCHAP. XXIV. Tsze-kung asked, saying, 'What do you say\nof a man who is loved by all the people of his neighborhood?'\nThe Master replied, 'We may not for that accord our approval\nof him.' 'And what do you say of him who is hated by all the\npeople of his neighborhood?' The Master said, 'We may not for\nthat conclude that he is bad. It is better than either of these\ncases that the good in the neighborhood love him, and the bad\nhate him.'\nCHAP. XXV. The Master said, 'The superior man is easy to\nserve and difficult to please. If you try to please him in any\nway which is not accordant with right, he will not be pleased.\nBut in his\n\u5176\u4f7f\u4eba\u4e5f\u3001\u5668\u4e4b\u3002\u5c0f\u4eba\u96e3\u4e8b\u800c\u6613\u8aaa\u4e5f\u3001\u8aaa\u4e4b\u96d6\u4e0d\u4ee5\u9053\u3001\u8aaa\u4e5f\u3001\u53ca\u5176\u4f7f\u4eba\u4e5f\u3001\n\u6c42\u5099\u7109\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u6cf0\u800c\u4e0d\u9a55\u3001\u5c0f\u4eba\u9a55\u800c\u4e0d\u6cf0\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u525b\u3001\u6bc5\u3001\u6728\u3001\u8a25\u3001\u8fd1\u4ec1\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u554f\u66f0\u3001\u4f55\u5982\u65af\u53ef\u8b02\u4e4b\u58eb\u77e3\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5207\u5207\u3001\u5072\u5072\u3001\u6021\u6021\u5982\u4e5f\u3001\n\u53ef\u8b02\u58eb\u77e3\u3001\u670b\u53cb\u5207\u5207\u5072\u5072\u3001\u5144\u5f1f\u6021\u6021\u3002\nemployment of men, he uses them according to their capacity.\nThe mean man is difficult to serve, and easy to please. If you\ntry to please him, though it be in a way which is not accordant\nwith right, he may be pleased. But in his employment of men,\nhe wishes them to be equal to everything.'\nCHAP. XXVI. The Master said, 'The superior man has a\ndignified ease without pride. The mean man has pride without\na dignified ease.'\nCHAP. XXVII. The Master said, 'The firm, the enduring,\nthe simple, and the modest are near to virtue.'\nCHAP. XXVIII. Tsze-lu asked, saying, 'What qualities must\na man possess to entitle him to be called a scholar?' The Master\nsaid, 'He must be thus,-- earnest, urgent, and bland:-- among\nhis friends, earnest and urgent; among his brethren, bland.'\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5584\u4eba\u6559\u6c11\u4e03\u5e74\u3001\u4ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5373\u620e\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u4e09\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0d\u6559\u6c11\u6230\u3001\u662f\u8b02\u68c4\u4e4b\u3002\nCHAP. XXIX. The Master said, 'Let a good man teach the\npeople seven years, and they may then likewise be employed\nin war.'\nCHAP. XXX. The Master said, 'To lead an uninstructed\npeople to war, is to throw them away.'\n\u61b2\u554f\u7b2c\u5341\u56db\nBOOK XIV. HSIEN WAN.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u61b2\u554f\u6065\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u90a6\u6709\u9053\u7a40\u3001\u90a6\u7121\u9053\u7a40\u3001\u6065\u4e5f\u3002\nCHAP. I. Hsien asked what was shameful. The Master\nsaid, 'When good government prevails in a state, to be thinking\nonly of salary; and, when bad government prevails, to be\nthinking, in the same way, only of salary;-- this is shameful.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u514b\u3001\u4f10\u3001\u6028\u3001\u6b32\u3001\u4e0d\u884c\u7109\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u70ba\u4ec1\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\n\u53ef\u4ee5\u70ba\u96e3\u77e3\u3001\u4ec1\u5247\u543e\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u58eb\u800c\u61f7\u5c45\u3001\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u70ba\u58eb\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u90a6\u6709\u9053\u3001\u5371\u8a00\u5371\u884c\u3001\u90a6\u7121\u9053\u3001\u5371\u884c\u8a00\u5b6b\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6709\u5fb7\u8005\u3001\u5fc5\u6709\u8a00\u3001\u6709\u8a00\u8005\u3001\u4e0d\u5fc5\u6709\u5fb7\u3001\u4ec1\u8005\u3001\u5fc5\u6709\u52c7\u3001\u52c7\n\u8005\u3001\u4e0d\u5fc5\u6709\u4ec1\u3002\nCHAP. II. 1. 'When the love of superiority, boasting,\nresentments, and covetousness are repressed, this may be\ndeemed perfect virtue.'\n2. The Master said, 'This may be regarded as the\nachievement of what is difficult. But I do not know that it is to\nbe deemed perfect virtue.'\nCHAP. III. The Master said, 'The scholar who cherishes\nthe love of comfort is not fit to be deemed a scholar.'\nCHAP. IV. The Master said, 'When good government\nprevails in a state, language may be lofty and bold, and actions\nthe same. When bad government prevails, the actions may be\nlofty and bold, but the language may be with some reserve.'\nCHAP. V. The Master said, 'The virtuous will be sure to\nspeak correctly, but those whose speech is good may not\nalways be virtuous. Men of principle are sure to be bold, but\nthose who are bold may not always be men of principle.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5357\u5bae\u9002\u554f\u65bc\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7fbf\u5584\u5c04\u3001\u5961\u76ea\u821f\u3001\u4ff1\u4e0d\u5f97\u5176\u6b7b\u7136\u3001\u79b9\u7a37\u8eac\u7a3c\u3001\n\u800c\u6709\u5929\u4e0b\u592b\u5b50\u4e0d\u7b54\u3002\u5357\u5bae\u9002\u51fa\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u54c9\u82e5\u4eba\u3001\u5c1a\u5fb7\u54c9\u82e5\u4eba\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec1\u8005\u6709\u77e3\u592b\u3001\u672a\u6709\u5c0f\u4eba\u800c\u4ec1\u8005\u4e5f\u3002\nCHAP. VI. Nan-kung Kwo, submitting an inquiry to\nConfucius, said, 'I was skillful at archery, and Ao could move a\nboat along upon the land, but neither of them died a natural\ndeath. Yu and Chi personally wrought at the toils of husbandry,\nand they became possessors of the kingdom.' The Master made\nno reply; but when Nan-kung Kwo went out, he said, 'A\nsuperior man indeed is this! An esteemer of virtue indeed is\nthis!'\nCHAP. VII. The Master said, 'Superior men, and yet not\nalways virtuous, there have been, alas! But there never has\nbeen a mean man, and, at the same time, virtuous.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u611b\u4e4b\u3001\u80fd\u52ff\u52de\u4e4e\u3001\u5fe0\u7109\u3001\u80fd\u52ff\u8aa8\u4e4e\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u70ba\u547d\u3001\u88e8\u8af6\u8349\u5275\u4e4b\u3001\u4e16\u53d4\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e4b\u3001\u884c\u4eba\u5b50\u7fbd\u4fee\u98fe\u4e4b\u3001\u6771\u91cc\n\u5b50\u7522\u6f64\u8272\u4e4b\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u6216\u554f\u5b50\u7522\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u60e0\u4eba\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u554f\u5b50\u897f\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u5f7c\u54c9\n\u5f7c\u54c9\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u554f\u7ba1\u4ef2\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u4eba\u4e5f\u3001\u596a\u4f2f\u6c0f\u99e2\u9091\u4e09\u767e\u3001\u98ef\u758f\u98df\u3001\u6c92\u9f52\u3001\nCHAP. VIII. The Master said, 'Can there be love which\ndoes not lead to strictness with its object? Can there be loyalty\nwhich does not lead to the instruction of its object?'\nCHAP. IX. The Master said, 'In preparing the\ngovernmental notifications, P'i Shan first made the rough\ndraught; Shi-shu examined and discussed its contents; Tsze-yu,\nthe manager of Foreign intercourse, then polished the style;\nand, finally, Tsze-ch'an of Tung-li gave it the proper elegance\nand finish.'\nCHAP. X. 1. Some one asked about Tsze-ch'an. The Master\nsaid, 'He was a kind man.'\n2. He asked about Tsze-hsi. The Master said, 'That man!\nThat man!'\n3. He asked about Kwan Chung. 'For him,' said the Master,\n'the city of Pien, with three hundred families, was taken from\nthe chief of the Po family, who did not utter a murmuring\nword, though, to the end of his life, he had only coarse rice to\neat.'\n\u7121\u6028\u8a00\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8ca7\u800c\u7121\u6028\u3001\u96e3\u3001\u5bcc\u800c\u7121\u9a55\u3001\u6613\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5b5f\u516c\u7dbd\u3001\u70ba\u8d99\u9b4f\u8001\u5247\u512a\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u70ba\u6ed5\u859b\u5927\u592b\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u554f\u6210\u4eba\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u82e5\u81e7\u6b66\u4ef2\u4e4b\u77e5\u3001\u516c\u7dbd\u4e4b\u4e0d\u6b32\u3001\u535e\u838a\n\u5b50\u4e4b\u52c7\u3001\u5189\u6c42\u4e4b\u85dd\u3001\u6587\u4e4b\u4ee5\u79ae\u6a02\u3001\u4ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u70ba\u6210\u4eba\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u66f0\u3001\u4eca\u4e4b\u6210\u4eba\n\u8005\u3001\u4f55\u5fc5\u7136\u3001\u898b\nCHAP. XI. The Master said, 'To be poor without\nmurmuring is difficult. To be rich without being proud is easy.'\nCHAP. XII. The Master said, 'Mang Kung-ch'o is more than\nfit to be chief officer in the families of Chao and Wei, but he is\nnot fit to be great officer to either of the States Tang or Hsieh.'\nCHAP. XIII. 1. Tsze-lu asked what constituted a\nCOMPLETE man. The Master said, 'Suppose a man with the\nknowledge of Tsang Wu-chung, the freedom from covetousness\nof Kung-ch'o, the bravery of Chwang of Pien, and the varied\ntalents of Zan Ch'iu; add to these the accomplishments of the\nrules of propriety and music:-- such a one might be reckoned a\nCOMPLETE man.'\n2. He then added, 'But what is the necessity for a\ncomplete man of the present day to have all these things? The\nman, who in the\n\u5229\u601d\u7fa9\u3001\u898b\u5371\u6388\u547d\u3001\u4e45\u8981\u4e0d\u5fd8\u5e73\u751f\u4e4b\u8a00\u3001\u4ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u70ba\u6210\u4eba\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u554f\u516c\u53d4\u6587\u5b50\u65bc\u516c\u660e\u8cc8\u66f0\u3001\u4fe1\u4e4e\u3001\u592b\u5b50\u4e0d\u8a00\u4e0d\u7b11\u3001\u4e0d\u53d6\n\u4e4e\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u516c\u660e\u8cc8\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u4ee5\u544a\u8005\u904e\u4e5f\u3002\u592b\u5b50\u6642\u7136\u5f8c\u8a00\u3001\u4eba\u4e0d\u53ad\u5176\u8a00\u3001\u6a02\u7136\n\u5f8c\u7b11\u3001\u4eba\u4e0d\u53ad\u5176\u7b11\u3001\u7fa9\u7136\u5f8c\u53d6\u3001\u4eba\u4e0d\u53ad\u5176\u53d6\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5176\u7136\u3001\u8c48\u5176\u7136\u4e4e\u3002\nview of gain, thinks of righteousness; who in the view of\ndanger is prepared to give up his life; and who does not forget\nan old agreement however far back it extends:-- such a man\nmay be reckoned a COMPLETE man.'\nCHAP. XIV. 1. The Master asked Kung-ming Chia about\nKung-shu Wan, saying, 'Is it true that your master speaks not,\nlaughs not, and takes not?'\n2. Kung-ming Chia replied, 'This has arisen from the\nreporters going beyond the truth.-- My master speaks when it\nis the time to speak, and so men do not get tired of his\nspeaking. He laughs when there is occasion to be joyful, and so\nmen do not get tired of his laughing. He takes when it is\nconsistent with righteousness to do so, and so men do not get\ntired of his taking.' The Master said, 'So! But is it so with him?'\n\u3010\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u81e7\u6b66\u4ef2\u3001\u4ee5\u9632\u6c42\u70ba\u5f8c\u65bc\u9b6f\u3001\u96d6\u66f0\u4e0d\u8981\u541b\u3001\u543e\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6649\u6587\u516c\u8b4e\u800c\u4e0d\u6b63\u3001\u9f4a\u6853\u516c\u6b63\u800c\u4e0d\u8b4e\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u66f0\u3001\u6853\u516c\u6bba\u516c\u5b50\u7cfe\u3001\u53ec\u5ffd\u6b7b\u4e4b\u3001\u7ba1\u4ef2\u4e0d\u6b7b\u3001\nCHAP. XV. The Master said, 'Tsang Wu-chung, keeping\npossession of Fang, asked of the duke of Lu to appoint a\nsuccessor to him in his family. Although it may be said that he\nwas not using force with his sovereign, I believe he was.'\nCHAP. XVI. The Master said, 'The duke Wan of Tsin was\ncrafty and not upright. The duke Hwan of Ch'i was upright and\nnot crafty.'\nCHAP. XVII. 1. Tsze-lu said, 'The Duke Hwan caused his\nbrother Chiu to be killed, when Shao Hu died with his master,\nbut Kwan Chung did not die. May not I say that he was wanting\nin virtue?'\n\u66f0\u3001\u672a\u4ec1\u4e4e\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6853\u516c\u4e5d\u5408\u8af8\u4faf\u3001\u4e0d\u4ee5\u5175\u8eca\u3001\u7ba1\u4ef2\u4e4b\u529b\u4e5f\u3001\u5982\u5176\n\u4ec1\u3001\u5982\u5176\u4ec1\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u7ba1\u4ef2\u975e\u4ec1\u8005\u8207\u3001\u6853\u516c\u6bba\u516c\u5b50\u7cfe\u3001\u4e0d\u80fd\u6b7b\u3001\u53c8\u76f8\n\u4e4b\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7ba1\u4ef2\u76f8\u6853\u516c\u3001\u9738\u8af8\u4faf\u3001\u4e00\u5321\u5929\u4e0b\u3001\u6c11\u5230\u4e8e\u4eca\u3001\u53d7\u5176\u8cdc\u3001\n\u5fae\u7ba1\u4ef2\u3001\u543e\u5176\u88ab\u9aee\u5de6\u887d\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u8c48\u82e5\u5339\u592b\u5339\u5a66\u4e4b\u70ba\u8ad2\u4e5f\u3001\n2. The Master said, 'The Duke Hwan assembled all the\nprinces together, and that not with weapons of war and\nchariots:-- it was all through the influence of Kwan Chung.\nWhose beneficence was like his? Whose beneficence was like\nhis?'\nCHAP. XVIII. 1. Tsze-kung said, 'Kwan Chung, I\napprehend, was wanting in virtue. When the Duke Hwan\ncaused his brother Chiu to be killed, Kwan Chung was not able\nto die with him. Moreover, he became prime minister to Hwan.'\n2. The Master said, 'Kwan Chung acted as prime minister\nto the Duke Hwan, made him leader of all the princes, and\nunited and rectified the whole kingdom. Down to the present\nday, the people enjoy the gifts which he conferred. But for\nKwan Chung, we should now be wearing our hair unbound, and\nthe lappets of our coats buttoning on the left side.\n3. 'Will you require from him the small fidelity of\ncommon\n\u81ea\u7d93\u65bc\u6e9d\u7006\u3001\u800c\u83ab\u4e4b\u77e5\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u516c\u53d4\u6587\u5b50\u4e4b\u81e3\u3001\u5927\u592b\u50ce\u3001\u8207\u6587\u5b50\u540c\u5347\u8af8\u516c\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\n\u805e\u4e4b\u66f0\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u70ba\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u4e8c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8a00\u885b\u9748\u516c\u4e4b\u7121\u9053\u4e5f\u3001\u5eb7\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u592b\u5982\u662f\u3001\u595a\u800c\u4e0d\u55aa\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\n\u7bc0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4ef2\u53d4\u5709\u6cbb\u8cd3\u5ba2\u3001\u795d\u9b80\u6cbb\nmen and common women, who would commit suicide in a\nstream or ditch, no one knowing anything about them?'\nCHAP. XIX. 1. The great officer, Hsien, who had been\nfamily-minister to Kung-shu Wan, ascended to the prince's\ncourt in company with Wan.\n2. The Master, having heard of it, said, 'He deserved to be\nconsidered WAN (the accomplished).'\nCHAP. XX. 1. The Master was speaking about the\nunprincipled course of the duke Ling of Wei, when Ch'i K'ang\nsaid, 'Since he is of such a character, how is it he does not lose\nhis State?'\n2. Confucius said, 'The Chung-shu Yu has the\nsuperintendence of his guests and of strangers; the litanist, T'o,\nhas the management\n\u5b97\u5edf\u3001\u738b\u5b6b\u8cc8\u6cbb\u8ecd\u65c5\u3001\u592b\u5982\u662f\u3001\u595a\u5176\u55aa\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5176\u8a00\u4e4b\u4e0d\u600d\u3001\u5247\u70ba\u4e4b\u4e5f\u96e3\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u9673\u6210\u5b50\u5f12\u7c21\u516c\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u6c90\u6d74\u800c\u671d\u3001\u544a\u65bc\u54c0\u516c\u66f0\u3001\n\u9673\u6046\u5f12\u5176\u541b\u3001\u8acb\u8a0e\u4e4b\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u516c\u66f0\u3001\u544a\u592b\u4e09\u5b50\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4ee5\u543e\u5f9e\n\u5927\u592b\u4e4b\u5f8c\u3001\u4e0d\u6562\u4e0d\u544a\u4e5f\u3001\u541b\nof his ancestral temple; and Wang-sun Chia has the direction of\nthe army and forces:-- with such officers as these, how should\nhe lose his State?'\nCHAP. XXI. The Master said, 'He who speaks without\nmodesty will find it difficult to make his words good.'\nCHAP. XXII. 1. Chan Ch'ang murdered the Duke Chien of\nCh'i.\n2. Confucius bathed, went to court, and informed the\nduke Ai, saying, 'Chan Hang has slain his sovereign. I beg that\nyou will undertake to punish him.'\n3. The duke said, 'Inform the chiefs of the three families\nof it.'\n4. Confucius retired, and said, 'Following in the rear of the\ngreat officers, I did not dare not to represent such a matter,\nand my prince says, \"Inform the chiefs of the three families of\nit.\"'\n\u66f0\u3001\u544a\u592b\u4e09\u5b50\u8005\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u4e4b\u4e09\u5b50\u544a\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u3001\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4ee5\u543e\u5f9e\u5927\u592b\u4e4b\u5f8c\u3001\u4e0d\n\u6562\u4e0d\u544a\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u554f\u4e8b\u541b\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u52ff\u6b3a\u4e5f\u3001\u800c\u72af\u4e4b\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4e0a\u9054\u3001\u5c0f\u4eba\u4e0b\u9054\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u53e4\u4e4b\u5b78\u8005\u70ba\u5df1\u3001\u4eca\u4e4b\u5b78\u8005\u70ba\u4eba\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u8627\u4f2f\u7389\u4f7f\u4eba\u65bc\u5b54\u5b50\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u8207\u4e4b\u5750\u3001\u800c\u554f\u7109\u3001\u66f0\u3001\n\u592b\u5b50\u4f55\u70ba\u3002\n5. He went to the chiefs, and informed them, but they\nwould not act. Confucius then said, 'Following in the rear of the\ngreat officers, I did not dare not to represent such a matter.'\nCHAP. XXIII. Tsze-lu asked how a ruler should be served.\nThe Master said, 'Do not impose on him, and, moreover,\nwithstand him to his face.'\nCHAP. XXIV. The Master said, 'The progress of the\nsuperior man is upwards; the progress of the mean man is\ndownwards.'\nCHAP. XXV. The Master said, 'In ancient times, men\nlearned with a view to their own improvement. Now-a-days,\nmen learn with a view to the approbation of others.'\nCHAP. XXVI. 1. Chu Po-yu sent a messenger with friendly\ninquiries to Confucius.\n2. Confucius sat with him, and questioned him. 'What,'\nsaid he, 'is your master engaged in?' The messenger replied,\n'My master is\n\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u592b\u5b50\u6b32\u5be1\u5176\u904e\u3001\u800c\u672a\u80fd\u4e5f\u3001\u4f7f\u8005\u51fa\u3001\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4f7f\u4e4e\u3001\u4f7f\u4e4e\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u5728\u5176\u4f4d\u3001\u4e0d\u8b00\u5176\u653f\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u66fe\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u601d\u4e0d\u51fa\u5176\u4f4d\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u6065\u5176\u8a00\u800c\u904e\u5176\u884c\u3002\n\u3010\u4e09\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u9053\u8005\u4e09\u3001\u6211\u7121\u80fd\u7109\u3001\u4ec1\u8005\u4e0d\u6182\u3001\u77e5\u8005\u4e0d\u60d1\u3001\n\u52c7\u8005\u4e0d\u61fc\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u592b\u5b50\u81ea\u9053\u4e5f\u3002\nanxious to make his faults few, but he has not yet succeeded.'\nHe then went out, and the Master said, 'A messenger indeed! A\nmessenger indeed!'\nCHAP. XXVII. The Master said, 'He who is not in any\nparticular office, has nothing to do with plans for the\nadministration of its duties.'\nCHAP. XXVIII. The philosopher Tsang said, 'The superior\nman, in his thoughts, does not go out of his place.'\nCHAP. XXIX. The Master said, 'The superior man is modest\nin his speech, but exceeds in his actions.'\nCHAP. XXX. 1. The Master said, 'The way of the superior\nman is threefold, but I am not equal to it. Virtuous, he is free\nfrom anxieties; wise, he is free from perplexities; bold, he is\nfree from fear.\n2. Tsze-kung said, 'Master, that is what you yourself say.'\n\u3010\u5345\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u65b9\u4eba\u3001\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8cdc\u4e5f\u8ce2\u4e4e\u54c9\u3001\u592b\u6211\u5247\u4e0d\u6687\u3002\n\u3010\u5345\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u60a3\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e0d\u5df1\u77e5\u3001\u60a3\u5176\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5345\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u9006\u8a50\u3001\u4e0d\u5104\u4e0d\u4fe1\u3001\u6291\u4ea6\u5148\u89ba\u8005\u3001\u662f\u8ce2\u4e4e\u3002\n\u3010\u5345\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5fae\u751f\u755d\u8b02\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e18\u4f55\u70ba\u662f\u6816\u6816\u8005\u8207\u3001\u7121\u4e43\u70ba\u4f5e\u4e4e\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\n\u7bc0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u975e\u6562\u70ba\u4f5e\u4e5f\u3001\u75be\u56fa\u4e5f\u3002\nCHAP. XXXI. Tsze-kung was in the habit of comparing\nmen together. The Master said, 'Tsze must have reached a high\npitch of excellence! Now, I have not leisure for this.'\nCHAP. XXXII. The Master said, 'I will not be concerned at\nmen's not knowing me; I will be concerned at my own want of\nability.'\nCHAP. XXXIII. The Master said, 'He who does not\nanticipate attempts to deceive him, nor think beforehand of his\nnot being believed, and yet apprehends these things readily\n(when they occur);-- is he not a man of superior worth?'\nCHAP. XXXIV. 1. Wei-shang Mau said to Confucius, 'Ch'iu,\nhow is it that you keep roosting about? Is it not that you are an\ninsinuating talker?'\n2. Confucius said, 'I do not dare to play the part of such a\ntalker, but I hate obstinacy.'\n\u3010\u5345\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u9a65\u3001\u4e0d\u7a31\u5176\u529b\u3001\u7a31\u5176\u5fb7\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5345\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u6216\u66f0\u3001\u4ee5\u5fb7\u5831\u6028\u3001\u4f55\u5982\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4f55\u4ee5\u5831\u5fb7\u3002\u3010\u4e09\n\u7bc0\u3011\u4ee5\u76f4\u5831\u6028\u3001\u4ee5\u5fb7\u5831\u5fb7\u3002\n\u3010\u5345\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u83ab\u6211\u77e5\u4e5f\u592b\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u4f55\u70ba\u5176\u83ab\u77e5\u5b50\u4e5f\u3002\n\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u6028\u5929\u3001\u4e0d\u5c24\u4eba\u3001\u4e0b\u5b78\nCHAP. XXXV. The Master said, 'A horse is called a ch'i, not\nbecause of its strength, but because of its other good qualities.'\nCHAP. XXXVI. 1. Some one said, 'What do you say\nconcerning the principle that injury should be recompensed\nwith kindness?'\n2. The Master said, 'With what then will you recompense\nkindness?\n3. 'Recompense injury with justice, and recompense\nkindness with kindness.'\nCHAP. XXXVII. 1. The Master said, 'Alas! there is no one\nthat knows me.'\n2. Tsze-kung said, 'What do you mean by thus saying--\nthat no one knows you?' The Master replied, 'I do not murmur\nagainst\n\u800c\u4e0a\u9054\u3001\u77e5\u6211\u8005\u5176\u5929\u4e4e\u3002\n\u3010\u5345\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u516c\u4f2f\u5bee\u612c\u5b50\u8def\u65bc\u674e\u5b6b\u3001\u5b50\u670d\u666f\u4f2f\u4ee5\u544a\u3001\u66f0\u3001\u592b\u5b50\u56fa\u6709\u60d1\n\u5fd7\u65bc\u516c\u4f2f\u5bee\u3001\u543e\u529b\u7336\u80fd\u8086\u8af8\u5e02\u671d\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u9053\u4e4b\u5c07\u884c\u4e5f\u8207\u3001\u547d\u4e5f\u3001\u9053\n\u4e4b\u5c07\u5ee2\u4e5f\u8207\u3001\u547d\u4e5f\u3001\u516c\u4f2f\u5bee\u5176\u5982\u547d\u4f55\u3002\nHeaven. I do not grumble against men. My studies lie low, and\nmy penetration rises high. But there is Heaven;-- that knows\nme!'\nCHAP. XXXVIII. 1. The Kung-po Liao, having slandered\nTsze-lu to Chi-sun, Tsze-fu Ching-po informed Confucius of it,\nsaying, 'Our master is certainly being led astray by the Kung-po\nLiao, but I have still power enough left to cut Liao off, and\nexpose his corpse in the market and in the court.'\n2. The Master said, 'If my principles are to advance, it is\nso ordered. If they are to fall to the ground, it is so ordered.\nWhat can the Kung-po Liao do where such ordering is\nconcerned?'\n\u3010\u5345\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8ce2\u8005\u8f9f\u4e16\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5176\u6b21\u8f9f\u5730\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5176\u6b21\u8f9f\n\u8272\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u5176\u6b21\u8f9f\u8a00\u3002\n\u3010\u56db\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4f5c\u8005\u4e03\u4eba\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u56db\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u5bbf\u65bc\u77f3\u9580\u3001\u6668\u9580\u66f0\u3001\u595a\u81ea\u3002\u5b50\u8def\u66f0\u3001\u81ea\u5b54\u6c0f\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u662f\u77e5\u5176\u4e0d\n\u53ef\u800c\u70ba\u4e4b\u8005\u8207\u3002\n\u3010\u56db\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u64ca\u78ec\u65bc\u885b\u3001\u6709\u8377\u8562\u3001\u800c\u904e\u5b54\u6c0f\u4e4b\u9580\u8005\u3001\nCHAP. XXXIX. 1. The Master said, 'Some men of worth\nretire from the world.\n2. Some retire from particular states.\n3. Some retire because of disrespectful looks.\n4. Some retire because of contradictory language.'\nCHAP. XL. The Master said, 'Those who have done this\nare seven men.'\nCHAP. XLI. Tsze-lu happening to pass the night in Shih-\nman, the gatekeeper said to him, 'Whom do you come from?'\nTsze-lu said, 'From Mr. K'ung.' 'It is he,-- is it not?'-- said the\nother, 'who knows the impracticable nature of the times and\nyet will be doing in them.'\nCHAP. XLII. 1. The Master was playing, one day, on a\nmusical stone in Wei, when a man, carrying a straw basket,\npassed the door\n\u66f0\u3001\u6709\u5fc3\u54c9\u3001\u64ca\u78ec\u4e4e\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u65e2\u3001\u800c\u66f0\u3001\u9119\u54c9\u3001\u785c\u785c\u4e4e\u3001\u83ab\u5df1\u77e5\u4e5f\u3001\u65af\u5df2\n\u800c\u5df2\u77e3\u3001\u6df1\u5247\u53b2\u3001\u6dfa\u5247\u63ed\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u679c\u54c9\u3001\u672b\u4e4b\u96e3\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u56db\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u5f35\u66f0\u3001\u66f8\u4e91\u3001\u9ad8\u5b97\u8ad2\u9670\u4e09\u5e74\u4e0d\u8a00\u3001\u4f55\u8b02\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\n\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4f55\u5fc5\u9ad8\u5b97\u3001\u53e4\u4e4b\u4eba\u7686\u7136\u3001\u541b\u85a8\u3001\u767e\u5b98\u7e3d\u5df1\u3001\u4ee5\u807d\u65bc\u51a2\u5bb0\u3001\u4e09\u5e74\u3002\nof the house where Confucius was, and said, 'His heart is full\nwho so beats the musical stone.'\n2. A little while after, he added, 'How contemptible is the\none-ideaed obstinacy those sounds display! When one is taken\nno notice of, he has simply at once to give over his wish for\npublic employment. \"Deep water must be crossed with the\nclothes on; shallow water may be crossed with the clothes held\nup.\"'\n3. The Master said, 'How determined is he in his purpose!\nBut this is not difficult!'\nCHAP. XLIII. 1. Tsze-chang said, 'What is meant when the\nShu says that Kao-tsung, while observing the usual imperial\nmourning, was for three years without speaking?'\n2. The Master said, 'Why must Kao-tsung be referred to\nas an example of this? The ancients all did so. When the\nsovereign died, the officers all attended to their several duties,\ntaking instructions from the prime minister for three years.'\n\u3010\u56db\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e0a\u597d\u79ae\u3001\u5247\u6c11\u6613\u4f7f\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u56db\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u554f\u541b\u5b50\u3001\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4fee\u5df1\u4ee5\u656c\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u5982\u65af\u800c\u5df2\u4e4e\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u4fee\u5df1\u4ee5\u5b89\n\u4eba\u3001\u66f0\u3001\u5982\u65af\u800c\u5df2\u4e4e\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u4fee\u5df1\u4ee5\u5b89\u767e\u59d3\u3002\u4fee\u5df1\u4ee5\u5b89\u767e\u59d3\u3001\u582f\u821c\u5176\u7336\u75c5\u8af8\u3002\n\u3010\u56db\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u539f\u58e4\u5937\u4fdf\u3001\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5e7c\nCHAP. XLIV. The Master said, 'When rulers love to\nobserve the rules of propriety, the people respond readily to\nthe calls on them for service.'\nCHAP. XLV. Tsze-lu asked what constituted the superior\nman. The Master said, 'The cultivation of himself in reverential\ncarefulness.' 'And is this all?' said Tsze-lu. 'He cultivates\nhimself so as to give rest to others,' was the reply. 'And is this\nall?' again asked Tsze-lu. The Master said, 'He cultivates\nhimself so as to give rest to all the people. He cultivates himself\nso as to give rest to all the people:-- even Yao and Shun were\nstill solicitous about this.'\nCHAP. XLVI. Yuan Zang was squatting on his heels, and\n\u800c\u4e0d\u5b6b\u5f1f\u3001\u9577\u800c\u7121\u8ff0\u7109\u3001\u8001\u800c\u4e0d\u6b7b\u3001\u662f\u70ba\u8cca\u3002\u4ee5\u6756\u53e9\u5176\u811b\u3002\n\u3010\u56db\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u95d5\u9ee8\u7ae5\u5b50\u5c07\u547d\u3001\u6216\u554f\u4e4b\u66f0\u3001\u76ca\u8005\u8207\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u543e\n\u898b\u5176\u5c45\u65bc\u4f4d\u4e5f\u3001\u898b\u5176\u8207\u5148\u751f\u4e26\u884c\u4e5f\u3001\u975e\u6c42\u76ca\u8005\u4e5f\u3001\u6b32\u901f\u6210\u8005\u4e5f\u3002\nso waited the approach of the Master, who said to him, 'In\nyouth not humble as befits a junior; in manhood, doing nothing\nworthy of being handed down; and living on to old age:-- this is\nto be a pest.' With this he hit him on the shank with his staff.\nCHAP. XLVI. 1. A youth of the village of Ch'ueh was\nemployed by Confucius to carry the messages between him and\nhis visitors. Some one asked about him, saying, 'I suppose he\nhas made great progress.'\n2. The Master said, 'I observe that he is fond of occupying\nthe seat of a full-grown man; I observe that he walks shoulder\nto shoulder with his elders. He is not one who is seeking to\nmake progress in learning. He wishes quickly to become a man.'\n\u885b\u9748\u516c\u7b2c\u5341\u4e94\nBOOK XV. WEI LING KUNG.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u885b\u9748\u516c\u554f\u9673\u65bc\u5b54\u5b50\u3002\u5b54\u5b50\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u4fce\u8c46\u4e4b\u4e8b\u3001\u5247\u5617\u805e\u4e4b\u77e3\u3001\n\u8ecd\u65c5\u4e4b\u4e8b\u3001\u672a\u4e4b\u5b78\u4e5f\u3002\u660e\u65e5\u9042\u884c\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5728\u9673\u7d55\u7ce7\u3001\u5f9e\u8005\u75c5\u3001\u83ab\u80fd\u8208\u3002\u3010\u4e09\n\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u614d\u898b\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4ea6\u6709\u7aae\u4e4e\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u56fa\u7aae\u3001\u5c0f\u4eba\u7aae\u65af\u6feb\u77e3\u3002\nCHAP. I. 1. The Duke Ling of Wei asked Confucius about\ntactics. Confucius replied, 'I have heard all about sacrificial\nvessels, but I have not learned military matters.' On this, he\ntook his departure the next day.\n2. When he was in Chan, their provisions were exhausted,\nand his followers became so ill that they were unable to rise.\n3. Tsze-lu, with evident dissatisfaction, said, 'Has the\nsuperior man likewise to endure in this way?' The Master said,\n'The superior man may indeed have to endure want, but the\nmean man, when he is in want, gives way to unbridled license.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8cdc\u4e5f\u3001\u5973\u4ee5\u4e88\u70ba\u591a\u5b78\u800c\u8b58\u4e4b\u8005\u8207\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\n\u7136\u3001\u975e\u8207\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u66f0\u3001\u975e\u4e5f\u3001\u4e88\u4e00\u4ee5\u8cab\u4e4b\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7531\u3001\u77e5\u5fb7\u8005\u9bae\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7121\u70ba\u800c\u6cbb\u8005\u3001\u5176\u821c\u4e5f\u8207\u3001\u592b\u4f55\u70ba\u54c9\u3001\u606d\u5df1\u6b63\u5357\u9762\u800c\u5df2\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u5f35\u554f\u884c\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8a00\u5fe0\u4fe1\u3001\u884c\u7be4\u656c\u3001\u96d6\u883b\u8c8a\u4e4b\n\u90a6\u3001\nCHAP. II. 1. The Master said, 'Ts'ze, you think, I suppose,\nthat I am one who learns many things and keeps them in\nmemory?'\n2. Tsze-kung replied, 'Yes,-- but perhaps it is not so?'\n3. 'No,' was the answer; 'I seek a unity all-pervading.'\nCHAP. III. The Master said, 'Yu, those who know virtue\nare few.'\nCHAP. IV. The Master said, 'May not Shun be instanced as\nhaving governed efficiently without exertion? What did he do?\nHe did nothing but gravely and reverently occupy his royal\nseat.'\nCHAP. V. 1. Tsze-chang asked how a man should conduct\nhimself, so as to be everywhere appreciated.\n2. The Master said, 'Let his words be sincere and truthful,\nand his actions honourable and careful;-- such conduct may be\npractised among the rude tribes of the South or the North. If\nhis words be\n\u884c\u77e3\u3001\u8a00\u4e0d\u5fe0\u4fe1\u3001\u884c\u4e0d\u7be4\u656c\u3001\u96d6\u5dde\u91cc\u3001\u884c\u4e4e\u54c9\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u7acb\u3001\u5247\u898b\u5176\u53c3\u65bc\u524d\n\u4e5f\u3001\u5728\u8f3f\u3001\u5247\u898b\u671f\u501a\u65bc\u8861\u4e5f\u3001\u592b\u7136\u5f8c\u884c\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u5f35\u66f8\u8af8\u7d33\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u76f4\u54c9\u53f2\u9b5a\u3001\u90a6\u6709\u9053\u5982\u77e2\u3001\u90a6\u6709\u9053\u5982\u77e2\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\n\u541b\u5b50\u54c9\u3001\u8627\u4f2f\u7389\u3001\u90a6\u6709\u9053\u3001\u5247\u4ed5\u3001\u90a6\u7121\u9053\u3001\u5247\u53ef\u5377\u800c\u61f7\u4e4b\u3002\nnot sincere and truthful and his actions not honourable and\ncareful, will he, with such conduct, be appreciated, even in his\nneighborhood?\n3. 'When he is standing, let him see those two things, as it\nwere, fronting him. When he is in a carriage, let him see them\nattached to the yoke. Then may he subsequently carry them\ninto practice.'\n4. Tsze-chang wrote these counsels on the end of his sash.\nCHAP. VI. 1. The Master said, 'Truly straightforward was\nthe historiographer Yu. When good government prevailed in his\nState, he was like an arrow. When bad government prevailed,\nhe was like an arrow.\n2. A superior man indeed is Chu Po-yu! When good\ngovernment prevails in his state, he is to be found in office.\nWhen bad government prevails, he can roll his principles up,\nand keep them in his breast.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u53ef\u8207\u8a00\u3001\u800c\u4e0d\u8207\u4e4b\u8a00\u3001\u5931\u4eba\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u8207\u8a00\u3001\u800c\u8207\u4e4b\u8a00\u3001\u5931\u8a00\u3001\n\u77e5\u8005\u4e0d\u5931\u4eba\u3001\u4ea6\u4e0d\u5931\u8a00\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5fd7\u58eb\u3001\u4ec1\u4eba\u3001\u7121\u6c42\u751f\u4ee5\u5bb3\u4ec1\u3001\u6709\u6bba\u8eab\u4ee5\u6210\u4ec1\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u554f\u70ba\u4ec1\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5de5\u6b32\u5584\u5176\u4e8b\u3001\u5fc5\u5148\u5229\u5176\u5668\u3001\u5c45\u662f\u90a6\u4e5f\u3001\u4e8b\u5176\n\u5927\u592b\u4e4b\u8ce2\u8005\u3001\u53cb\u5176\u58eb\u4e4b\u4ec1\u8005\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u984f\u6df5\u554f\u70ba\u90a6\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u884c\u590f\u4e4b\nCHAP. VII. The Master said, 'When a man may be spoken\nwith, not to speak to him is to err in reference to the man.\nWhen a man may not be spoken with, to speak to him is to err\nin reference to our words. The wise err neither in regard to\ntheir man nor to their words.'\nCHAP. VIII. The Master said, 'The determined scholar and\nthe man of virtue will not seek to live at the expense of\ninjuring their virtue. They will even sacrifice their lives to\npreserve their virtue complete.'\nCHAP. IX. Tsze-kung asked about the practice of virtue.\nThe Master said, 'The mechanic, who wishes to do his work\nwell, must first sharpen his tools. When you are living in any\nstate, take service with the most worthy among its great\nofficers, and make friends of the most virtuous among its\nscholars.'\nCHAP. X. 1. Yen Yuan asked how the government of a\ncountry should be administered.\n2. The Master said, 'Follow the seasons of Hsia.\n\u6642\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u4e58\u6bb7\u4e4b\u8f05\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u670d\u5468\u4e4b\u5195\u3002\u3010\u4e94\u7bc0\u3011\u6a02\u5247\u97f6\u821e\u3002\u3010\u516d\u7bc0\u3011\n\u653e\u912d\u8072\u3001\u9060\u4f5e\u4eba\u3001\u912d\u8072\u6deb\u3001\u4f5e\u4eba\u6b86\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4eba\u7121\u9060\u616e\u3001\u5fc5\u6709\u8fd1\u6182\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5df2\u77e3\u4e4e\u3001\u543e\u672a\u898b\u597d\u5fb7\u5982\u597d\u8272\u8005\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u81e7\u6587\u4ef2\u3001\u5176\u7aca\u4f4d\u8005\u8207\u3001\u77e5\u67f3\u4e0b\u60e0\u4e4b\n3. 'Ride in the state carriage of Yin.\n4. 'Wear the ceremonial cap of Chau.\n5. 'Let the music be the Shao with its pantomimes.\n6. Banish the songs of Chang, and keep far from specious\ntalkers. The songs of Chang are licentious; specious talkers are\ndangerous.'\nCHAP. XI. The Master said, 'If a man take no thought\nabout what is distant, he will find sorrow near at hand.'\nCHAP. XII. The Master said, 'It is all over! I have not seen\none who loves virtue as he loves beauty.'\nCHAP. XIII. The Master said, 'Was not Tsang Wan like one\nwho had stolen his situation? He knew the virtue and the\ntalents\n\u8ce2\u3001\u800c\u4e0d\u8207\u7acb\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8eac\u81ea\u539a\u3001\u800c\u8584\u8cac\u65bc\u4eba\u3001\u5247\u9060\u6028\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u66f0\u5982\u4e4b\u4f55\u3001\u5982\u4e4b\u4f55\u8005\u3001\u543e\u672b\u5982\u4e4b\u4f55\u4e5f\u5df2\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7fa4\u5c45\u7d42\u65e5\u3001\u8a00\u4e0d\u53ca\u7fa9\u3001\u597d\u884c\u5c0f\u6167\u3001\u96e3\u77e3\u54c9\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u7fa9\u4ee5\u70ba\u8cea\u3001\u79ae\u4ee5\u884c\u4e4b\u3001\u5b6b\u4ee5\u51fa\u4e4b\u3001\u4fe1\nof Hui of Liu-hsia, and yet did not procure that he should stand\nwith him in court.'\nCHAP. XIV. The Master said, 'He who requires much from\nhimself and little from others, will keep himself from being the\nobject of resentment.'\nCHAP. XV. The Master said, 'When a man is not in the\nhabit of saying-- \"What shall I think of this? What shall I think\nof this?\" I can indeed do nothing with him!'\nCHAP. XVI. The Master said, 'When a number of people\nare together, for a whole day, without their conversation\nturning on righteousness, and when they are fond of carrying\nout the suggestions of a small shrewdness;-- theirs is indeed a\nhard case.'\nCHAP. XVII. The Master said, 'The superior man in\neverything considers righteousness to be essential. He performs\nit according to the rules of propriety. He brings it forth in\nhumility. He completes it with sincerity. This is indeed a\nsuperior man.'\n\u4ee5\u6210\u4e4b\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u54c9\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u75c5\u7121\u80fd\u7109\u3001\u4e0d\u75c5\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e0d\u5df1\u77e5\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u75be\u6c92\u4e16\u3001\u800c\u540d\u4e0d\u7a31\u7109\u3002\n\u3010\u4e8c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u6c42\u8af8\u5df1\u3001\u5c0f\u4eba\u6c42\u8af8\u4eba\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u77dc\u800c\u4e0d\u722d\u3001\u7fa4\u800c\u4e0d\u9ee8\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4e0d\u4ee5\u8a00\u8209\u4eba\u3001\u4e0d\u4ee5\nCHAP. XVIII. The Master said, 'The superior man is\ndistressed by his want of ability. He is not distressed by men's\nnot knowing him.'\nCHAP. XIX. The Master said, 'The superior man dislikes\nthe thought of his name not being mentioned after his death.'\nCHAP. XX. The Master said, 'What the superior man seeks,\nis in himself. What the mean man seeks, is in others.'\nCHAP. XXI. The Master said, 'The superior man is\ndignified, but does not wrangle. He is sociable, but not a\npartizan.'\nCHAP. XXII. The Master said, 'The superior man does not\npromote a man simply on account of his words, nor does he put\naside good words because of the man.'\n\u4eba\u5ee2\u8a00\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u554f\u66f0\u3001\u6709\u4e00\u8a00\u3001\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7d42\u8eab\u884c\u4e4b\u8005\u4e4e\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5176\u6055\u4e4e\u3001\u5df1\u6240\n\u4e0d\u6b32\u3001\u52ff\u65bd\u65bc\n\u4eba\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u543e\u4e4b\u65bc\u4eba\u4e5f\u8ab0\u6bc0\u3001\u8ab0\u8b7d\u3001\u5982\u6709\u6240\u8b7d\u8005\u3001\u5176\u6709\u6240\u8a66\n\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u65af\u6c11\u4e5f\u3001\u4e09\u4ee3\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u76f4\u9053\u800c\u884c\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u543e\u7336\u53ca\u53f2\u4e4b\u95d5\u6587\u4e5f\u3001\u6709\u99ac\u8005\u3001\u501f\u4eba\u4e58\u4e4b\u3001\u4eca\u4ea1\u77e3\u592b\u3002\nCHAP. XXIII. Tsze-kung asked, saying, 'Is there one word\nwhich may serve as a rule of practice for all one's life?' The\nMaster said, 'Is not RECIPROCITY such a word? What you do not\nwant done to yourself, do not do to others.'\nCHAP. XXIV. 1. The Master said, 'In my dealings with\nmen, whose evil do I blame, whose goodness do I praise,\nbeyond what is proper? If I do sometimes exceed in praise,\nthere must be ground for it in my examination of the\nindividual.\n2. 'This people supplied the ground why the three\ndynasties pursued the path of straightforwardness.'\nCHAP. XXV. The Master said, 'Even in my early days, a\nhistoriographer would leave a blank in his text, and he who\nhad a horse would lend him to another to ride. Now, alas! there\nare no such things.'\n\u3010\u5eff\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5de7\u8a00\u4e82\u5fb7\u3001\u5c0f\u4e0d\u5fcd\u3001\u5247\u4e82\u5927\u8b00\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u773e\u60e1\u4e4b\u3001\u5fc5\u5bdf\u7109\u3001\u773e\u597d\u4e4b\u3001\u5fc5\u5bdf\u7109\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4eba\u80fd\u5f18\u9053\u3001\u975e\u9053\u5f18\u4eba\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u904e\u800c\u4e0d\u6539\u3001\u662f\u8b02\u904e\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u4e09\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u543e\u5617\u7d42\u65e5\nCHAP. XXVI. The Master said, 'Specious words confound\nvirtue. Want of forbearance in small matters confounds great\nplans.'\nCHAP. XXVII. The Master said, 'When the multitude hate\na man, it is necessary to examine into the case. When the\nmultitude like a man, it is necessary to examine into the case.'\nCHAP. XXVIII. The Master said, 'A man can enlarge the\nprinciples which he follows; those principles do not enlarge the\nman.'\nCHAP. XXIX. The Master said, 'To have faults and not to\nreform them,-- this, indeed, should be pronounced having\nfaults.'\nCHAP. XXX. The Master said, 'I have been the whole day\n\u4e0d\u98df\u3001\u7d42\u591c\u4e0d\u5be2\u3001\u4ee5\u601d\u3001\u7121\u76ca\u3001\u4e0d\u5982\u5b78\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5345\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u8b00\u9053\u4e0d\u8b00\u98df\u3001\u8015\u4e5f\u3001\u9912\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u77e3\u3001\u5b78\u4e5f\u3001\u797f\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u77e3\u3001\n\u541b\u5b50\u6182\u9053\u3001\u4e0d\u6182\u8ca7\u3002\n\u3010\u5345\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u77e5\u53ca\u4e4b\u3001\u4ec1\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b88\u4e4b\u3001\u96d6\u5f97\u4e4b\u3001\u5fc5\u5931\u4e4b\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\n\u77e5\u53ca\u4e4b\u3001\u4ec1\u80fd\u5b88\u4e4b\u3001\u4e0d\u838a\u4ee5\u849e\u4e4b\u3001\u5247\u6c11\u4e0d\u656c\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u77e5\u53ca\u4e4b\u3001\u4ec1\u80fd\u5b88\u4e4b\u3001\n\u838a\u4ee5\u849e\u4e4b\u3001\u52d5\u4e4b\u4e0d\u4ee5\u79ae\u3001\u672a\u5584\u4e5f\u3002\nwithout eating, and the whole night without sleeping:--\noccupied with thinking. It was of no use. The better plan is to\nlearn.'\nCHAP. XXXI. The Master said, 'The object of the superior\nman is truth. Food is not his object. There is plowing;-- even in\nthat there is sometimes want. So with learning;-- emolument\nmay be found in it. The superior man is anxious lest he should\nnot get truth; he is not anxious lest poverty should come upon\nhim.'\nCHAP. XXXII. 1. The Master said, 'When a man's\nknowledge is sufficient to attain, and his virtue is not sufficient\nto enable him to hold, whatever he may have gained, he will\nlose again.\n2. 'When his knowledge is sufficient to attain, and he has\nvirtue enough to hold fast, if he cannot govern with dignity, the\npeople will not respect him.\n3. 'When his knowledge is sufficient to attain, and he has\nvirtue enough to hold fast; when he governs also with dignity,\nyet if he try to move the people contrary to the rules of\npropriety:-- full excellence is not reached.'\n\u3010\u5345\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c0f\u77e5\u3001\u800c\u53ef\u5927\u53d7\u4e5f\u3001\u5c0f\u4eba\u4e0d\u53ef\u5927\u53d7\u3001\u800c\u53ef\u5c0f\u77e5\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5345\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6c11\u4e4b\u65bc\u4ec1\u4e5f\u3001\u751a\u65bc\u6c34\u706b\u3001\u6c34\u706b\u543e\u898b\u8e48\u800c\u6b7b\u8005\u77e3\u3001\u672a\u898b\u8e48\u4ec1\n\u800c\u6b7b\u8005\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5345\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7576\u4ec1\u3001\u4e0d\u8b93\u65bc\u5e2b\u3002\nCHAP. XXXIII. The Master said, 'The superior man cannot\nbe known in little matters; but he may be intrusted with great\nconcerns. The small man may not be intrusted with great\nconcerns, but he may be known in little matters.'\nCHAP. XXXIV. The Master said, 'Virtue is more to man\nthan either water or fire. I have seen men die from treading on\nwater and fire, but I have never seen a man die from treading\nthe course of virtue.'\nCHAP. XXXV. The Master said, 'Let every man consider\nvirtue as what devolves on himself. He may not yield the\nperformance of it even to his teacher.'\n\u3010\u5345\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u8c9e\u3001\u800c\u4e0d\u8ad2\u3002\n\u3010\u5345\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e8b\u541b\u656c\u5176\u4e8b\u3001\u800c\u5f8c\u5176\u98df\u3002\n\u3010\u5345\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6709\u6559\u3001\u7121\u985e\u3002\n\u3010\u5345\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u9053\u4e0d\u540c\u3001\u4e0d\u76f8\u70ba\u8b00\u3002\n\u3010\u56db\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8fad\u3001\u9054\u800c\u5df2\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u56db\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5e2b\u5195\u898b\u3001\u53ca\u968e\u3001\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u968e\u4e5f\u3002\u53ca\u5e2d\u3001\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5e2d\u4e5f\u3002\nCHAP. XXXVI. The Master said, 'The superior man is\ncorrectly firm, and not firm merely.'\nCHAP. XXXVII. The Master said, 'A minister, in serving his\nprince, reverently discharges his duties, and makes his\nemolument a secondary consideration.'\nCHAP. XXXVIII. The Master said, 'In teaching there\nshould be no distinction of classes.'\nCHAP. XXXIX. The Master said, 'Those whose courses are\ndifferent cannot lay plans for one another.'\nCHAP. XL. The Master said, 'In language it is simply\nrequired that it convey the meaning.'\nCHAP. XLI. 1. The Music-master, Mien, having called upon\nhim, when they came to the steps, the Master said, 'Here are\nthe steps.' When they came to the mat for the guest to sit upon,\nhe\n\u7686\u5750\u3001\u5b50\u544a\u4e4b\u66f0\u3001\u67d0\u5728\u65af\u3001\u67d0\u5728\u65af\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5e2b\u5195\u51fa\u3001\u5b50\u5f35\u554f\u66f0\u3001\u8207\u5e2b\u8a00\u4e4b\n\u9053\u8207\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7136\u3001\u56fa\u76f8\u5e2b\u4e4b\u9053\u4e5f\u3002\nsaid, 'Here is the mat.' When all were seated, the Master\ninformed him, saying, 'So and so is here; so and so is here.'\n2. The Music-master, Mien, having gone out, Tsze-chang\nasked, saying. 'Is it the rule to tell those things to the Music-\nmaster?'\n3. The Master said, 'Yes. This is certainly the rule for\nthose who lead the blind.'\n\u674e\u6c0f\u7b2c\u5341\u516d\nBOOK XVI. KE SHE.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u674e\u6c0f\u5c07\u4f10\u9853\u81fe\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5189\u6709\u674e\u8def\u898b\u65bc\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u674e\u6c0f\u5c07\n\u6709\u4e8b\u65bc\u9853\u81fe\u3002\nCHAP. I. 1. The head of the Chi family was going to attack\nChwan-yu.\n2. Zan Yu and Chi-lu had an interview with Confucius, and\nsaid, 'Our chief, Chi, is going to commence operations against\nChwan-yu.'\n\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6c42\u3001\u7121\u4e43\u723e\u662f\u904e\u8207\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u592b\u9853\u81fe\u3001\u6614\u8005\u3001\u5148\u738b\u4ee5\u70ba\u6771\n\u8499\u4e3b\u3001\u4e14\u5728\u90a6\u57df\u4e4b\u4e2d\u77e3\u3001\u662f\u793e\u7a37\u4e4b\u81e3\u4e5f\u3001\u4f55\u4ee5\u4f10\u70ba\u3002\u3010\u4e94\u7bc0\u3011\u5189\u6709\u66f0\u3001\u592b\u5b50\n\u6b32\u4e4b\u3001\u543e\u4e8c\u81e3\u8005\u3001\u7686\u4e0d\u6b32\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u516d\u7bc0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6c42\u3001\u5468\u4efb\u6709\u8a00\u66f0\u3001\u9673\u529b\u5c31\u5217\u3001\n\u4e0d\u80fd\u8005\u6b62\u3001\u5371\u800c\u4e0d\u6301\u3001\u985b\u800c\u4e0d\u6276\u3001\u5247\u5c07\u7109\u7528\u5f7c\u76f8\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u4e03\u7bc0\u3011\u4e14\u723e\u8a00\u904e\u77e3\u3001\n\u864e\u5155\u51fa\u65bc\u67d9\u3001\u9f9c\u7389\u6bc0\u65bc\n3. Confucius said, 'Ch'iu, is it not you who are in fault\nhere?\n4. 'Now, in regard to Chwan-yu, long ago, a former king\nappointed its ruler to preside over the sacrifices to the eastern\nMang; moreover, it is in the midst of the territory of our State;\nand its ruler is a minister in direct connexion with the\nsovereign:-- What has your chief to do with attacking it?'\n5. Zan Yu said, 'Our master wishes the thing; neither of us\ntwo ministers wishes it.'\n6. Confucius said, 'Ch'iu, there are the words of Chau\nZan,-- \"When he can put forth his ability, he takes his place in\nthe ranks of office; when he finds himself unable to do so, he\nretires from it. How can he be used as a guide to a blind man,\nwho does not support him when tottering, nor raise him up\nwhen fallen?\"\n7. 'And further, you speak wrongly. When a tiger or\nrhinoceros escapes from his cage; when a tortoise or piece of\njade is injured in its repository:-- whose is the fault?'\n\u6add\u4e2d\u3001\u662f\u8ab0\u4e4b\u904e\u8207\u3002\u3010\u516b\u7bc0\u3011\u5189\u6709\u66f0\u3001\u4eca\u592b\u9853\u81fe\u3001\u56fa\u800c\u8fd1\u65bc\u8cbb\u3001\u4eca\u4e0d\u53d6\u3001\u5f8c\n\u4e16\u5fc5\u70ba\u5b50\u5b6b\u6182\u3002\u3010\u4e5d\u7bc0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6c42\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u75be\u592b\u820d\u66f0\u6b32\u4e4b\u3001\u800c\u5fc5\u70ba\u4e4b\u8fad\u3002\u3010\u5341\n\u7bc0\u3011\u4e18\u4e5f\u3001\u805e\u6709\u570b\u6709\u5bb6\u8005\u3001\u4e0d\u60a3\u5be1\u3001\u800c\u60a3\u4e0d\u5747\u3001\u4e0d\u60a3\u8ca7\u3001\u800c\u60a3\u4e0d\u5b89\u3001\u84cb\u5747\u7121\n\u8ca7\u3001\u548c\u7121\u5be1\u3001\u5b89\u7121\u50be\u3002\u3010\u5341\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u592b\u5982\n8. Zan Yu said, 'But at present, Chwan-yu is strong and\nnear to Pi; if our chief do not now take it, it will hereafter be a\nsorrow to his descendants.'\n9. Confucius said. 'Ch'iu, the superior man hates that\ndeclining to say-- \"I want such and such a thing,\" and framing\nexplanations for the conduct.\n10. 'I have heard that rulers of States and chiefs of\nfamilies are not troubled lest their people should be few, but\nare troubled lest they should not keep their several places; that\nthey are not troubled with fears of poverty, but are troubled\nwith fears of a want of contented repose among the people in\ntheir several places. For when the people keep their several\nplaces, there will be no poverty; when harmony prevails, there\nwill be no scarcity of people; and when there is such a\ncontented repose, there will be no rebellious upsettings.\n11. 'So it is.-- Therefore, if remoter people are not\nsubmissive, all\n\u662f\u3001\u6545\u9060\u4eba\u4e0d\u670d\u3001\u5247\u4fee\u6587\u5fb7\u4ee5\u4f86\u4e4b\u3001\u65e2\u4f86\u4e4b\u3001\u5247\u5b89\u4e4b\u3002\u3010\u5341\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u4eca\u7531\u8207\u6c42\n\u4e5f\u3001\u76f8\u592b\u5b50\u3001\u9060\u4eba\u4e0d\u670d\u3001\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f86\u4e5f\u3001\u90a6\u5206\u5d29\u96e2\u6790\u3001\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b88\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u5341\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\n\u800c\u8b00\u52d5\u5e72\u6208\u65bc\u90a6\u5167\u3001\u543e\u6050\u674e\u5b6b\u4e4b\u6182\u3001\u4e0d\u5728\u9853\u81fe\u3001\u800c\u5728\u856d\u7246\u4e4b\u5167\u4e5f\u3002\nthe influences of civil culture and virtue are to be cultivated to\nattract them to be so; and when they have been so attracted,\nthey must be made contented and tranquil.\n12. 'Now, here are you, Yu and Ch'iu, assisting your chief.\nRemoter people are not submissive, and, with your help, he\ncannot attract them to him. In his own territory there are\ndivisions and downfalls, leavings and separations, and, with\nyour help, he cannot preserve it.\n13. 'And yet he is planning these hostile movements\nwithin the State.-- I am afraid that the sorrow of the Chi-sun\nfamily will not be on account of Chwan-yu, but will be found\nwithin the screen of their own court.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5929\u4e0b\u6709\u9053\u3001\u5247\u79ae\u6a02\u5f81\u4f10\u3001\u81ea\u5929\u5b50\u51fa\u3001\u5929\u4e0b\u7121\u9053\u3001\n\u5247\u79ae\u6a02\u5f81\u4f10\u3001\u81ea\u8af8\u4faf\u51fa\u3001\u81ea\u8af8\u4faf\u51fa\u3001\u84cb\u5341\u4e16\u5e0c\u4e0d\u5931\u77e3\u3001\u81ea\u5927\u592b\u51fa\u3001\u4e94\u4e16\u5e0c\u4e0d\n\u5931\u77e3\u3001\u966a\u81e3\u57f7\u570b\u547d\u3001\u4e09\u4e16\u5e0c\u4e0d\u5931\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5929\u4e0b\u6709\u9053\u3001\u5247\u653f\u4e0d\u5728\u5927\u592b\u3002\u3010\u4e09\n\u7bc0\u3011\u5929\u4e0b\u6709\u9053\u3001\u5247\u5eb6\u4eba\u4e0d\u8b70\u3002\nCHAP. II. 1. Confucius said, 'When good government\nprevails in the empire, ceremonies, music, and punitive\nmilitary expeditions proceed from the son of Heaven. When\nbad government prevails in the empire, ceremonies, music, and\npunitive military expeditions proceed from the princes. When\nthese things proceed from the princes, as a rule, the cases will\nbe few in which they do not lose their power in ten\ngenerations. When they proceed from the Great officers of the\nprinces, as a rule, the cases will be few in which they do not\nlose their power in five generations. When the subsidiary\nministers of the great officers hold in their grasp the orders of\nthe state, as a rule, the cases will be few in which they do not\nlose their power in three generations.\n2. 'When right principles prevail in the kingdom,\ngovernment will not be in the hands of the Great officers.\n3. 'When right principles prevail in the kingdom, there\nwill be no discussions among the common people.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u797f\u4e4b\u53bb\u516c\u5ba4\u3001\u4e94\u4e16\u77e3\u3001\u653f\u902e\u65bc\u5927\u592b\u3001\u56db\u4e16\u77e3\u3001\u6545\u592b\u4e09\u6853\n\u4e4b\u5b50\u5b6b\u5fae\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u76ca\u8005\u4e09\u53cb\u3001\u640d\u8005\u4e09\u53cb\u3001\u53cb\u76f4\u3001\u53cb\u8ad2\u3001\u53cb\u591a\u805e\u3001\u76ca\u77e3\u3001\u53cb\n\u4fbf\u8f9f\u3001\u53cb\u5584\u67d4\u3001\u53cb\u4fbf\u4f5e\u3001\u640d\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u76ca\u8005\u4e09\u6a02\u3001\u640d\u8005\u4e09\u6a02\u3001\u6a02\u7bc0\u79ae\u6a02\u3001\nCHAP. III. Confucius said, 'The revenue of the state has\nleft the ducal House now for five generations. The government\nhas been in the hands of the Great officers for four generations.\nOn this account, the descendants of the three Hwan are much\nreduced.'\nCHAP. IV. Confucius said, 'There are three friendships\nwhich are advantageous, and three which are injurious.\nFriendship with the upright; friendship with the sincere; and\nfriendship with the man of much observation:-- these are\nadvantageous. Friendship with the man of specious airs;\nfriendship with the insinuatingly soft; and friendship with the\nglib-tongued:-- these are injurious.'\nCHAP. V. Confucius said, 'There are three things men find\nenjoyment in which are advantageous, and three things they\nfind enjoyment in which are injurious. To find enjoyment in the\ndiscriminating study of ceremonies and music; to find\nenjoyment in\n\u6a02\u9053\u4eba\u4e4b\u5584\u3001\u6a02\u591a\u8ce2\u53cb\u3001\u76ca\u77e3\u3002\u6a02\u9a55\u6a02\u3001\u6a02\u4f5a\u904a\u3001\u6a02\u5bb4\u6a02\u3001\u640d\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4f8d\u65bc\u541b\u5b50\u6709\u4e09\u6106\u3001\u8a00\u672a\u53ca\u4e4b\u800c\u8a00\u3001\u8b02\u4e4b\u8e81\u3001\u8a00\u53ca\u4e4b\u800c\u4e0d\n\u8a00\u3001\u8b02\u4e4b\u96b1\u3001\u672a\u898b\u984f\u8272\u800c\u8a00\u3001\u8b02\u4e4b\u77bd\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u6709\u4e09\u6212\u3001\u5c11\u4e4b\u6642\u3001\u8840\u6c23\u672a\u5b9a\u3001\u6212\u4e4b\nspeaking of the goodness of others; to find enjoyment in having\nmany worthy friends:-- these are advantageous. To find\nenjoyment in extravagant pleasures; to find enjoyment in\nidleness and sauntering; to find enjoyment in the pleasures of\nfeasting:-- these are injurious.'\nCHAP. VI. Confucius said, 'There are three errors to which\nthey who stand in the presence of a man of virtue and station\nare liable. They may speak when it does not come to them to\nspeak;-- this is called rashness. They may not speak when it\ncomes to them to speak;-- this is called concealment. They may\nspeak without looking at the countenance of their superior;--\nthis is called blindness.'\nCHAP. VII. Confucius said, 'There are three things which\nthe superior man guards against. In youth, when the physical\npowers\n\u5728\u8272\u3001\u53ca\u5176\u58ef\u4e5f\u3001\u8840\u6c23\u65b9\u525b\u3001\u6212\u4e4b\u5728\u9b25\u3001\u53ca\u5176\u8001\u4e5f\u3001\u8840\u6c23\u65e2\u8870\u3001\u6212\u4e4b\u5728\u5f97\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u6709\u4e09\u754f\u3001\u754f\u5929\u547d\u3001\u754f\u5927\u4eba\u3001\u754f\u8056\u4eba\u4e4b\u8a00\u3002\n\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5c0f\u4eba\u4e0d\u77e5\u5929\u547d\u3001\u800c\u4e0d\u754f\u4e5f\u3001\u72ce\u5927\u4eba\u3001\u4fae\u8056\u4eba\u4e4b\u8a00\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u751f\u800c\u77e5\u4e4b\u8005\u3001\u4e0a\u4e5f\u3001\u5b78\u800c\u77e5\u4e4b\u8005\u3001\u6b21\u4e5f\u3001\nare not yet settled, he guards against lust. When he is strong\nand the physical powers are full of vigor, he guards against\nquarrelsomeness. When he is old, and the animal powers are\ndecayed, he guards against covetousness.'\nCHAP. VIII. 1. Confucius said, 'There are three things of\nwhich the superior man stands in awe. He stands in awe of the\nordinances of Heaven. He stands in awe of great men. He stands\nin awe of the words of sages.\n2. 'The mean man does not know the ordinances of\nHeaven, and consequently does not stand in awe of them. He is\ndisrespectful to great men. He makes sport of the words of\nsages.'\nCHAP. IX. Confucius said, 'Those who are born with the\npossession of knowledge are the highest class of men. Those\nwho learn, and so, readily, get possession of knowledge, are the\nnext.\n\u56f0\u800c\u5b78\u4e4b\u3001\u53c8\u5176\u6b21\u4e5f\u3001\u56f0\u800c\u4e0d\u5b78\u3001\u6c11\u65af\u70ba\u4e0b\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u6709\u4e5d\u601d\u3001\u8996\u601d\u660e\u3001\u807d\u601d\u8070\u3001\u8272\u601d\u6eab\u3001\u8c8c\u601d\u606d\u3001\u8a00\u601d\n\u5fe0\u3001\u4e8b\u601d\u656c\u3001\u7591\u601d\u554f\u3001\u5fff\u601d\u96e3\u3001\u898b\u5f97\u601d\u7fa9\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u898b\u5584\u5982\u4e0d\u53ca\u3001\u898b\u4e0d\u5584\u800c\u63a2\u6e6f\u3001\u543e\u898b\u5176\u4eba\u77e3\u3001\u543e\n\u805e\u5176\u8a9e\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u96b1\u5c45\nThose who are dull and stupid, and yet compass the learning,\nare another class next to these. As to those who are dull and\nstupid and yet do not learn;-- they are the lowest of the\npeople.'\nCHAP. X. Confucius said, 'The superior man has nine\nthings which are subjects with him of thoughtful consideration.\nIn regard to the use of his eyes, he is anxious to see clearly. In\nregard to the use of his ears, he is anxious to hear distinctly. In\nregard to his countenance, he is anxious that it should be\nbenign. In regard to his demeanor, he is anxious that it should\nbe respectful. In regard to his speech, he is anxious that it\nshould be sincere. In regard to his doing of business, he is\nanxious that it should be reverently careful. In regard to what\nhe doubts about, he is anxious to question others. When he is\nangry, he thinks of the difficulties (his anger may involve him\nin). When he sees gain to be got, he thinks of righteousness.'\nCHAP. XI. 1. Confucius said, 'Contemplating good, and\npursuing it, as if they could not reach it; contemplating evil,\nand shrinking from it, as they would from thrusting the hand\ninto boiling water:-- I have seen such men, as I have heard\nsuch words.\n2. 'Living in retirement to study their aims, and\npractising\n\u4ee5\u6c42\u5176\u5fd7\u3001\u884c\u7fa9\u4ee5\u9054\u5176\u9053\u3001\u543e\u805e\u5176\u8a9e\u77e3\u3001\u672a\u898b\u5176\u4eba\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u9f4a\u666f\u516c\u6709\u99ac\u5343\u99df\u3001\u6b7b\u4e4b\u65e5\u3001\u6c11\u7121\u5fb7\u800c\u7a31\u7109\u3001\u4f2f\u5937\u53d4\u9f4a\u3001\n\u9913\u4e8e\u9996\u967d\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3001\u6c11\u5230\u4e8e\u4eca\u7a31\u4e4b\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5176\u65af\u4e4b\u8b02\u8207\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u9673\u4ea2\u554f\u65bc\u4f2f\u9b5a\u66f0\u3001\u5b50\u4ea6\u6709\u7570\u805e\u4e4e\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u672a\u4e5f\u3001\n\u5617\u7368\u7acb\u3001\u9bc9\u8da8\u800c\u904e\u5ead\u3001\u66f0\u3001\u5b78\u8a69\u4e4e\u3002\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u672a\u4e5f\u3002\u4e0d\u5b78\u8a69\u3001\u7121\u4ee5\u8a00\u3002\nrighteousness to carry out their principles:-- I have heard\nthese words, but I have not seen such men.'\nCHAP. XII. 1. The duke Ching of Ch'i had a thousand\nteams, each of four horses, but on the day of his death, the\npeople did not praise him for a single virtue. Po-i and Shu-ch'i\ndied of hunger at the foot of the Shau-yang mountain, and the\npeople, down to the present time, praise them.\n2. 'Is not that saying illustrated by this?'\nCHAP. XIII. 1. Ch'an K'ang asked Po-yu, saying, 'Have you\nheard any lessons from your father different from what we\nhave all heard?'\n2. Po-yu replied, 'No. He was standing alone once, when I\npassed below the hall with hasty steps, and said to me, \"Have\nyou learned the Odes?\" On my replying \"Not yet,\" he added, \"If\nyou do not learn the Odes, you will not be fit to converse with.\"\nI retired and studied the Odes.\n\u9bc9\u9000\u800c\u5b78\u8a69\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u4ed6\u65e5\u3001\u53c8\u7368\u7acb\u3001\u9bc9\u8da8\u800c\u904e\u5ead\u3001\u66f0\u3001\u5b78\u79ae\u4e4e\u3002\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u672a\n\u4e5f\u3002\u4e0d\u5b78\u79ae\u3001\u7121\u4ee5\u7acb\u3002\u9bc9\u9000\u800c\u5b78\u79ae\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u805e\u65af\u4e8c\u8005\u3002\u3010\u4e94\u7bc0\u3011\u9673\u4ea2\u9000\u800c\n\u559c\u66f0\u3001\u554f\u4e00\u5f97\u4e09\u3001\u805e\u8a69\u3001\u805e\u79ae\u3001\u53c8\u805e\u541b\u5b50\u9060\u5176\u5b50\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u90a6\u541b\u5b50\u4e4b\u59bb\u3001\u541b\u7a31\u4e4b\u66f0\u592b\u4eba\u3001\u592b\u4eba\u81ea\u7a31\u5c0f\u7ae5\u3001\u90a6\u4eba\u7a31\u4e4b\u3001\u66f0\u541b\u592b\n\u4eba\u3001\u7a31\n3. 'Another day, he was in the same way standing alone,\nwhen I passed by below the hall with hasty steps, and said to\nme, 'Have you learned the rules of Propriety?' On my replying\n'Not yet,' he added, 'If you do not learn the rules of Propriety,\nyour character cannot be established.' I then retired, and\nlearned the rules of Propriety.\n4. 'I have heard only these two things from him.'\n5. Ch'ang K'ang retired, and, quite delighted, said, 'I asked\none thing, and I have got three things. I have heard about the\nOdes. I have heard about the rules of Propriety. I have also\nheard that the superior man maintains a distant reserve\ntowards his son.'\nCHAP. XIV. The wife of the prince of a state is called by\nhim FU ZAN. She calls herself HSIAO T'UNG. The people of the\nState call\n\u8af8\u7570\u90a6\u3001\u66f0\u5be1\u5c0f\u541b\u3001\u7570\u90a6\u4eba\u7a31\u4e4b\u3001\u4ea6\u66f0\u541b\u592b\u4eba\u3002\nher CHUN FU ZAN, and, to the people of other States, they call\nher K'WA HSIAO CHUN. The people of other states also call her\nCHUN FU ZAN.\n\u967d\u8ca8\u7b2c\u5341\u4e03\nBOOK XVII. YANG HO.\n[17.1]\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u967d\u8ca8\u6b32\u898b\u5b54\u5b50\u3001\u5b54\u5b50\u4e0d\u898b\u3001\u6b78\u5b54\u5b50\u8c5a\u3001\u5b54\u5b50\u6642\u5176\u4ea1\u4e5f\u3001\n\u800c\u5f80\u62dc\u4e4b\u3002\u9047\u8af8\u5857\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u8b02\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4f86\u3001\u4e88\u8207\u723e\u8a00\u3001\u66f0\u3001\u61f7\u5176\u5bf6\u800c\u8ff7\u5176\n\u90a6\u3001\u53ef\u8b02\u4ec1\u4e4e\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u3002\u597d\u5f9e\nCHAP. I. 1. Yang Ho wished to see Confucius, but\nConfucius would not go to see him. On this, he sent a present of\na pig to Confucius, who, having chosen a time when Ho was not\nat home, went to pay his respects for the gift. He met him,\nhowever, on the way.\n2. Ho said to Confucius, 'Come, let me speak with you.' He\nthen asked, 'Can he be called benevolent who keeps his jewel in\nhis\n\u4e8b\u800c\u4e9f\u5931\u6642\u3001\u53ef\u8b02\u77e5\u4e4e\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u3002\u65e5\u6708\u901d\u77e3\u3001\u6b72\u4e0d\u6211\u8207\u3002\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8afe\u3001\u543e\n\u5c07\u4ed5\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6027\u76f8\u8fd1\u4e5f\u3001\u7fd2\u76f8\u9060\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u552f\u4e0a\u77e5\u8207\u4e0b\u611a\u4e0d\u79fb\u3002\nbosom, and leaves his country to confusion?' Confucius replied,\n'No.' 'Can he be called wise, who is anxious to be engaged in\npublic employment, and yet is constantly losing the\nopportunity of being so?' Confucius again said, 'No.' 'The days\nand months are passing away; the years do not wait for us.'\nConfucius said, 'Right; I will go into office.'\nCHAP. II. The Master said, 'By nature, men are nearly\nalike; by practice, they get to be wide apart.'\nCHAP. III. The Master said, 'There are only the wise of\nthe highest class, and the stupid of the lowest class, who cannot\nbe changed.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u4e4b\u6b66\u57ce\u3001\u805e\u5f26\u6b4c\u4e4b\u8072\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u592b\u5b50\u839e\u723e\u800c\u7b11\u66f0\u3001\u5272\n\u96de\u7109\u7528\u725b\u5200\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u6e38\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u6614\u8005\u5043\u4e5f\u3001\u805e\u8af8\u592b\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u5b78\u9053\u5247\u611b\u4eba\u3001\n\u5c0f\u4eba\u5b78\u9053\u5247\u6613\u4f7f\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e8c\u4e09\u5b50\u3001\u5043\u4e4b\u8a00\u662f\u4e5f\u3001\u524d\u8a00\u6232\u4e4b\u8033\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u516c\u5c71\u5f17\u64fe\u4ee5\u8cbb\u7554\u3001\u53ec\u3001\u5b50\u6b32\u5f80\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u4e0d\u8aaa\u3001\u66f0\u3001\n\u672b\nCHAP. IV. 1. The Master, having come to Wu-ch'ang,\nheard there the sound of stringed instruments and singing.\n2. Well pleased and smiling, he said, 'Why use an ox knife\nto kill a fowl?'\n3. Tsze-yu replied, 'Formerly, Master, I heard you say,--\n\"When the man of high station is well instructed, he loves men;\nwhen the man of low station is well instructed, he is easily\nruled.\"'\n4. The Master said, 'My disciples, Yen's words are right.\nWhat I said was only in sport.'\nCHAP. V. Kung-shan Fu-zao, when he was holding Pi, and\nin an attitude of rebellion, invited the Master to visit him, who\nwas rather inclined to go.\n2. Tsze-lu was displeased, and said, 'Indeed, you cannot\ngo! Why must you think of going to see Kung-shan?'\n\u4e4b\u4e5f\u5df2\u3001\u4f55\u5fc5\u516c\u5c71\u6c0f\u4e4b\u4e4b\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u672a\u53ec\u6211\u8005\u3001\u800c\u8c48\u5f92\u54c9\u3001\u5982\u6709\u7528\n\u6211\u8005\u3001\u543e\u5176\u70ba\u6771\u5468\u4e4e\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u5f35\u554f\u4ec1\u65bc\u5b54\u5b50\u3001\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u80fd\u884c\u4e94\u8005\u65bc\u5929\u4e0b\u70ba\u4ec1\u77e3\u3002\u8acb\u554f\u4e4b\u3001\u66f0\u3001\n\u606d\u3001\u5bec\u3001\u4fe1\u3001\u654f\u3001\u60e0\u3001\u606d\u3001\u5247\u4e0d\u4fae\u3001\u5bec\u3001\u5247\u5f97\u773e\u3001\u4fe1\u3001\u5247\u4eba\u4efb\u7109\u3001\u654f\u3001\u5247\u6709\n\u529f\u3001\u60e0\u3001\u5247\u8db3\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4eba\u3002\n3. The Master said, 'Can it be without some reason that he\nhas invited ME? If any one employ me, may I not make an\neastern Chau?'\nCHAP. VI. Tsze-chang asked Confucius about perfect\nvirtue. Confucius said, 'To be able to practise five things\neverywhere under heaven constitutes perfect virtue.' He\nbegged to ask what they were, and was told, 'Gravity,\ngenerosity of soul, sincerity, earnestness, and kindness. If you\nare grave, you will not be treated with disrespect. If you are\ngenerous, you will win all. If you are sincere, people will repose\ntrust in you. If you are earnest, you will accomplish much. If\nyou are kind, this will enable you to employ the services of\nothers.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u4f5b\u80b8\u53ec\u3002\u5b50\u6b32\u5f80\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u66f0\u3001\u6614\u8005\u7531\u4e5f\u3001\u805e\u8af8\u592b\n\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u89aa\u65bc\u5176\u8eab\u3001\u70ba\u4e0d\u5584\u8005\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4e0d\u5165\u4e5f\u3001\u4f5b\u80b8\u4ee5\u4e2d\u725f\u7554\u3001\u5b50\u4e4b\u5f80\u4e5f\u3001\u5982\u4e4b\n\u4f55\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7136\u3001\u6709\u662f\u8a00\u4e5f\u3001\u4e0d\u66f0\u5805\u4e4e\u3001\u78e8\u800c\u4e0d\u78f7\u3001\u4e0d\u66f0\u767d\u4e4e\u3001\u6d85\u800c\n\u4e0d\u7dc7\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u543e\u8c48\u530f\u74dc\u4e5f\u54c9\u3001\u7109\u80fd\u7e6b\u800c\u4e0d\u98df\u3002\nCHAP. VII. 1. Pi Hsi inviting him to visit him, the Master\nwas inclined to go.\n2. Tsze-lu said, 'Master, formerly I have heard you say,\n\"When a man in his own person is guilty of doing evil, a\nsuperior man will not associate with him.\" Pi Hsi is in rebellion,\nholding possession of Chung-mau; if you go to him, what shall\nbe said?'\n3. The Master said, 'Yes, I did use these words. But is it\nnot said, that, if a thing be really hard, it may be ground\nwithout being made thin? Is it not said, that, if a thing be really\nwhite, it may be steeped in a dark fluid without being made\nblack?\n4. 'Am I a bitter gourd! How can I be hung up out of the\nway of being eaten?'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u7531\u4e5f\u3001\u5973\u805e\u516d\u8a00\u516d\u853d\u77e3\u4e4e\u3002\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u672a\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\n\u5c45\u3001\u543e\u8a9e\u5973\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u597d\u4ec1\u4e0d\u597d\u5b78\u3001\u5176\u853d\u4e5f\u611a\u3001\u597d\u667a\u4e0d\u597d\u5b78\u3001\u5176\u853d\u4e5f\u8569\u3001\u597d\n\u4fe1\u4e0d\u597d\u5b78\u3001\u5176\u853d\u4e5f\u8cca\u3001\u597d\u76f4\u4e0d\u597d\u5b78\u3001\u5176\u853d\u4e5f\u7d5e\u3001\u597d\u52c7\u4e0d\u597d\u5b78\u3001\u5176\u853d\u4e5f\u4e82\u3001\u597d\n\u525b\u4e0d\u597d\u5b78\u3001\u5176\u853d\u4e5f\u72c2\u3002\nCHAP. VIII. 1. The Master said, 'Yu, have you heard the\nsix words to which are attached six becloudings?' Yu replied, 'I\nhave not.'\n2. 'Sit down, and I will tell them to you.\n3. 'There is the love of being benevolent without the love\nof learning;-- the beclouding here leads to a foolish simplicity.\nThere is the love of knowing without the love of learning;-- the\nbeclouding here leads to dissipation of mind. There is the love\nof being sincere without the love of learning;-- the beclouding\nhere leads to an injurious disregard of consequences. There is\nthe love of straightforwardness without the love of learning;--\nthe beclouding here leads to rudeness. There is the love of\nboldness without the love of learning;-- the beclouding here\nleads to insubordination. There is the love of firmness without\nthe love of learning;-- the beclouding here leads to extravagant\nconduct.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5c0f\u5b50\u3001\u4f55\u83ab\u5b78\u592b\u8a69\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u8a69\u53ef\u4ee5\u8208\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\n\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c0\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u53ef\u4ee5\u7fa4\u3002\u3010\u4e94\u7bc0\u3011\u53ef\u4ee5\u6028\u3002\u3010\u516d\u7bc0\u3011\u9087\u4e4b\u4e8b\u7236\u3001\u9060\u4e4b\u4e8b\u541b\u3002\n\u3010\u4e03\u7bc0\u3011\u591a\u8b58\u65bc\u9ce5\u7378\u8349\u6728\u4e4b\u540d\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8b02\u4f2f\u9b5a\u66f0\u3001\u5973\u70ba\u5468\u5357\u53ec\u5357\u77e3\u4e4e\u3001\u4eba\u800c\u4e0d\u70ba\u5468\u5357\u53ec\u5357\u3001\u5176\u7336\u6b63\u7246\n\u9762\u800c\u7acb\u4e5f\u8207\u3002\nCHAP. IX. 1. The Master said, 'My children, why do you\nnot study the Book of Poetry?\n2. 'The Odes serve to stimulate the mind.\n3. 'They may be used for purposes of self-contemplation.\n4. 'They teach the art of sociability.\n5. 'They show how to regulate feelings of resentment.\n6. 'From them you learn the more immediate duty of\nserving one's father, and the remoter one of serving one's\nprince.\n7. 'From them we become largely acquainted with the\nnames of birds, beasts, and plants.'\nCHAP. X. The Master said to Po-yu, 'Do you give yourself\nto the Chau-nan and the Shao-nan. The man who has not\nstudied the Chau-nan and the Shao-nan, is like one who stands\nwith his face right against a wall. Is he not so?'\n\u3010\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u79ae\u4e91\u79ae\u4e91\u3001\u7389\u5e1b\u4e91\u4e4e\u54c9\u3001\u6a02\u4e91\u6a02\u4e91\u3001\u937e\u9f13\u4e91\u4e4e\u54c9\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u8272\u53b2\u800c\u5167\u834f\u3001\u8b6c\u8af8\u5c0f\u4eba\u3001\u5176\u7336\u7a7f\u7aac\u4e4b\u76dc\u4e5f\u8207\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u9109\u539f\u3001\u5fb7\u4e4b\u8cca\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u9053\u807d\u800c\u5857\u8aaa\u3001\u5fb7\u4e4b\u68c4\u4e5f\u3002\nCHAP. XI. The Master said, '\"It is according to the rules of\npropriety,\" they say.-- \"It is according to the rules of\npropriety,\" they say. Are gems and silk all that is meant by\npropriety? \"It is music,\" they say.-- \"It is music,\" they say. Are\nbells and drums all that is meant by music?'\nCHAP. XII. The Master said, 'He who puts on an\nappearance of stern firmness, while inwardly he is weak, is like\none of the small, mean people;-- yea, is he not like the thief\nwho breaks through, or climbs over, a wall?'\nCHAP. XIII. The Master said, 'Your good, careful people of\nthe villages are the thieves of virtue.'\nCHAP. XIV. The Master said, 'To tell, as we go along, what\nwe have heard on the way, is to cast away our virtue.'\n\u3010\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u9119\u592b\u3001\u53ef\u8207\u4e8b\u541b\u4e5f\u8207\u54c9\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5176\u672a\u5f97\u4e4b\u4e5f\u3001\n\u60a3\u5f97\u4e4b\u3001\u65e2\u5f97\u4e4b\u3001\u60a3\u5931\u4e4b\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u82df\u60a3\u5931\u4e4b\u3001\u7121\u6240\u4e0d\u81f3\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u53e4\u8005\u3001\u6c11\u6709\u4e09\u75be\u3001\u4eca\u4e5f\u6216\u662f\u4e4b\u4ea1\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u53e4\n\u4e4b\u72c2\u4e5f\u8086\u3001\u4eca\u4e4b\u72c2\u4e5f\u8569\u3001\u53e4\u4e4b\u77dc\u4e5f\u5ec9\u3001\u4eca\u4e4b\u77dc\u4e5f\u5fff\u623e\u3001\u53e4\u4e4b\u611a\u4e5f\u76f4\u3001\u4eca\u4e4b\u611a\n\u4e5f\u8a50\u800c\u5df2\u77e3\u3002\nCHAP. XV. 1. The Master said, 'There are those mean\ncreatures! How impossible it is along with them to serve one's\nprince!\n2. 'While they have not got their aims, their anxiety is\nhow to get them. When they have got them, their anxiety is lest\nthey should lose them.\n3. 'When they are anxious lest such things should be lost,\nthere is nothing to which they will not proceed.'\nCHAP. XVI. 1. The Master said, 'Anciently, men had three\nfailings, which now perhaps are not to be found.\n2. 'The high-mindedness of antiquity showed itself in a\ndisregard of small things; the high-mindedness of the present\nday shows itself in wild license. The stern dignity of antiquity\nshowed itself in grave reserve; the stern dignity of the present\nday shows itself in quarrelsome perverseness. The stupidity of\nantiquity showed itself in straightforwardness; the stupidity of\nthe present day shows itself in sheer deceit.'\n\u3010\u5341\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6537\u8a00\u4ee4\u8272\u9bae\u77e3\u4ec1\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u60e1\u7d2b\u4e4b\u596a\u6731\u4e5f\u3001\u60e1\u912d\u8072\u4e4b\u4e82\u96c5\u6a02\u4e5f\u3001\u60e1\u5229\u53e3\u4e4b\u8986\u90a6\u5bb6\u8005\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e88\u6b32\u7121\u8a00\u3002\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u5b50\u5982\u4e0d\u8a00\u3001\u5247\u5c0f\u5b50\u4f55\u8ff0\u7109\u3002\n\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5929\u4f55\u8a00\u54c9\u3001\u56db\u6642\u884c\u7109\u3001\u767e\u7269\u751f\u7109\u3001\u5929\u4f55\u8a00\u54c9\u3002\nCHAP. XVII. The Master said, 'Fine words and an\ninsinuating appearance are seldom associated with virtue.'\nCHAP. XVIII. The Master said, 'I hate the manner in\nwhich purple takes away the luster of vermilion. I hate the\nway in which the songs of Chang confound the music of the Ya.\nI hate those who with their sharp mouths overthrow kingdoms\nand families.'\nCHAP. XIX. 1. The Master said, 'I would prefer not\nspeaking.'\n2. Tsze-kung said, 'If you, Master, do not speak, what\nshall we, your disciples, have to record?'\n3. The Master said, 'Does Heaven speak? The four seasons\npursue their courses, and all things are continually being\nproduced, but does Heaven say anything?'\n\u3010\u4e8c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5b7a\u60b2\u6b32\u898b\u5b54\u5b50\u3001\u5b54\u5b50\u8fad\u4ee5\u75be\u3001\u5c07\u547d\u8005\u51fa\u6236\u3001\u53d6\u745f\u800c\u6b4c\u3001\u4f7f\u4e4b\u805e\u4e4b\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5bb0\u6211\u554f\u3001\u4e09\u5e74\u4e4b\u55aa\u671f\u5df2\u4e45\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u541b\u5b50\u4e09\u5e74\u4e0d\u70ba\u79ae\u3001\n\u79ae\u5fc5\u58de\u3001\u4e09\u5e74\u4e0d\u70ba\u6a02\u3001\u6a02\u5fc5\u5d29\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u820a\u7a40\u65e2\u6c92\u3001\u65b0\u7a40\u65e2\u5347\u3001\u947d\u71e7\u6539\u706b\u3001\n\u671f\u53ef\u5df2\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u98df\u592b\u7a3b\u3001\u8863\u592b\u9326\u3001\nCHAP. XX. Zu Pei wished to see Confucius, but Confucius\ndeclined, on the ground of being sick, to see him. When the\nbearer of this message went out at the door, (the Master) took\nhis lute and sang to it, in order that Pei might hear him.\nCHAP. XXI. 1. Tsai Wo asked about the three years'\nmourning for parents, saying that one year was long enough.\n2. 'If the superior man,' said he, 'abstains for three years\nfrom the observances of propriety, those observances will be\nquite lost. If for three years he abstains from music, music will\nbe ruined.\n3. 'Within a year the old grain is exhausted, and the new\ngrain has sprung up, and, in procuring fire by friction, we go\nthrough all the changes of wood for that purpose. After a\ncomplete year, the mourning may stop.'\n4. The Master said, 'If you were, after a year, to eat good\nrice, and wear embroidered clothes, would you feel at ease?' 'I\nshould,' replied Wo.\n\u65bc\u5973\u5b89\u4e4e\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u5b89\u3002\u3010\u4e94\u7bc0\u3011\u5973\u5b89\u3001\u5247\u70ba\u4e4b\u3001\u592b\u541b\u5b50\u4e4b\u5c45\u55aa\u3001\u98df\u65e8\u4e0d\u7518\u3001\u805e\n\u6a02\u4e0d\u6a02\u3001\u5c45\u8655\u4e0d\u5b89\u3001\u6545\u4e0d\u70ba\u4e5f\u3001\u4eca\u5973\u5b89\u3001\u5247\u70ba\u4e4b\u3002\u3010\u516d\u7bc0\u3011\u5bb0\u6211\u51fa\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\n\u4e88\u4e4b\u4e0d\u4ec1\u4e5f\u3001\u5b50\u751f\u4e09\u5e74\u3001\u7136\u5f8c\u514d\u65bc\u7236\u6bcd\u4e4b\u61f7\u3001\u592b\u4e09\u5e74\u4e4b\u55aa\u3001\u5929\u4e0b\u4e4b\u901a\u55aa\u4e5f\u3001\n\u4e88\u4e5f\u3001\u6709\u4e09\u5e74\u4e4b\u611b\u65bc\u5176\u7236\u6bcd\u4e4e\u3002\n5. The Master said, 'If you can feel at ease, do it. But a\nsuperior man, during the whole period of mourning, does not\nenjoy pleasant food which he may eat, nor derive pleasure\nfrom music which he may hear. He also does not feel at ease, if\nhe is comfortably lodged. Therefore he does not do what you\npropose. But now you feel at ease and may do it.'\n6. Tsai Wo then went out, and the Master said, 'This\nshows Yu's want of virtue. It is not till a child is three years old\nthat it is allowed to leave the arms of its parents. And the three\nyears' mourning is universally observed throughout the\nempire. Did Yu enjoy the three years' love of his parents?'\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u98fd\u98df\u7d42\u65e5\u3001\u7121\u6240\u7528\u5fc3\u3001\u96e3\u77e3\u54c9\u3001\u4e0d\u6709\u535a\u5f08\u8005\u4e4e\u3001\u70ba\u4e4b\u7336\u8ce2\n\u4e4e\u5df2\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u5c1a\u52c7\u4e4e\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u7fa9\u4ee5\u70ba\u4e0a\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u6709\u52c7\u800c\u7121\u7fa9\u3001\n\u70ba\u4e82\u3001\u5c0f\u4eba\u6709\u52c7\u800c\u7121\u7fa9\u3001\u70ba\u76dc\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4ea6\u6709\u60e1\u4e4e\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u6709\u60e1\u3001\u60e1\u7a31\u4eba\u4e4b\u60e1\u8005\u3001\n\u60e1\u5c45\u4e0b\u6d41\u800c\u8a15\u4e0a\nCHAP. XXII. The Master said, 'Hard is it to deal with him,\nwho will stuff himself with food the whole day, without\napplying his mind to anything good! Are there not gamesters\nand chess players? To be one of these would still be better than\ndoing nothing at all.'\nCHAP. XXIII. Tsze-lu said, 'Does the superior man esteem\nvalour?' The Master said, 'The superior man holds\nrighteousness to be of highest importance. A man in a superior\nsituation, having valour without righteousness, will be guilty of\ninsubordination; one of the lower people having valour without\nrighteousness, will commit robbery.'\nCHAP. XXIV. 1. Tsze-kung said, 'Has the superior man his\nhatreds also?' The Master said, 'He has his hatreds. He hates\nthose who proclaim the evil of others. He hates the man who,\n\u8005\u3001\u60e1\u52c7\u800c\u7121\u79ae\u8005\u3001\u60e1\u679c\u6562\u800c\u7a92\u8005\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u66f0\u3001\u8cdc\u4e5f\u4ea6\u6709\u60e1\u4e4e\u3002\u60e1\u5fbc\u4ee5\u70ba\n\u77e5\u8005\u3001\u60e1\u4e0d\u5b6b\u4ee5\u70ba\u52c7\u8005\u3001\u60e1\u8a10\u4ee5\u70ba\u76f4\u8005\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u552f\u5973\u5b50\u8207\u5c0f\u4eba\u3001\u70ba\u96e3\u990a\u4e5f\u3001\u8fd1\u4e4b\u5247\u4e0d\u5b6b\u3001\u9060\u4e4b\u5247\u6028\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5e74\u56db\u5341\u800c\u898b\u60e1\u7109\u3001\u5176\u7d42\u4e5f\u5df2\u3002\nbeing in a low station, slanders his superiors. He hates those\nwho have valour merely, and are unobservant of propriety. He\nhates those who are forward and determined, and, at the same\ntime, of contracted understanding.'\n2. The Master then inquired, 'Ts'ze, have you also your\nhatreds?' Tsze-kung replied, 'I hate those who pry out matters,\nand ascribe the knowledge to their wisdom. I hate those who\nare only not modest, and think that they are valourous. I hate\nthose who make known secrets, and think that they are\nstraightforward.'\nCHAP. XXV. The Master said, 'Of all people, girls and\nservants are the most difficult to behave to. If you are familiar\nwith them, they lose their humility. If you maintain a reserve\ntowards them, they are discontented.'\nCHAP. XXVI. The Master said, 'When a man at forty is the\nobject of dislike, he will always continue what he is.'\n\u5fae\u5b50\u7b2c\u5341\u516b\nBOOK XVIII. WEI TSZE.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5fae\u5b50\u53bb\u4e4b\u3001\u7b95\u5b50\u70ba\u4e4b\u5974\u3001\u6bd4\u5e72\u8aeb\u800c\u6b7b\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\n\u6bb7\u6709\u4e09\u4ec1\u7109\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u67f3\u4e0b\u60e0\u70ba\u58eb\u5e2b\u3001\u4e09\u9edc\u3001\u4eba\u66f0\u3001\u5b50\u672a\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u4e4e\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u76f4\u9053\u800c\u4e8b\u4eba\u3001\n\u7109\u5f80\u800c\u4e0d\u4e09\u9edc\u3001\u6789\u9053\u800c\u4e8b\u4eba\u3001\u4f55\nCHAP. I. 1. The Viscount of Wei withdrew from the court.\nThe Viscount of Chi became a slave to Chau. Pi-kan\nremonstrated with him and died.\n2. Confucius said, 'The Yin dynasty possessed these three\nmen of virtue.'\nCHAP. II. Hui of Liu-hsia being chief criminal judge, was\nthrice dismissed from his office. Some one said to him, 'Is it not\nyet time for you, sir, to leave this?' He replied, 'Serving men in\nan upright way, where shall I go to, and not experience such a\nthrice-repeated\n\u5fc5\u53bb\u7236\u6bcd\u4e4b\u90a6\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u9f4a\u666f\u516c\u5f85\u5b54\u5b50\u3001\u66f0\u3001\u82e5\u674e\u6c0f\u3001\u5247\u543e\u4e0d\u80fd\u3001\u4ee5\u674e\u5b5f\u4e4b\u9592\u5f85\u4e4b\u3002\u66f0\u3001\n\u543e\u8001\u77e3\u3001\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4e5f\u3002\u5b54\u5b50\u884c\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u9f4a\u4eba\u6b78\u5973\u6a02\u3002\u674e\u6853\u5b50\u53d7\u4e4b\u3001\u4e09\u65e5\u4e0d\u671d\u3001\u5b54\u5b50\u884c\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u695a\u72c2\u63a5\u8f3f\u6b4c\u800c\u904e\ndismissal? If I choose to serve men in a crooked way, what\nnecessity is there for me to leave the country of my parents?'\nCHAP. III. The duke Ching of Ch'i, with reference to the\nmanner in which he should treat Confucius, said, 'I cannot treat\nhim as I would the chief of the Chi family. I will treat him in a\nmanner between that accorded to the chief of the Chi, and that\ngiven to the chief of the Mang family.' He also said, 'I am old; I\ncannot use his doctrines.' Confucius took his departure.\nCHAP. IV. The people of Ch'i sent to Lu a present of\nfemale musicians, which Chi Hwan received, and for three days\nno court was held. Confucius took his departure.\nCHAP. V. 1. The madman of Ch'u, Chieh-yu, passed by\nConfucius, singing and saying, 'O FANG! O FANG! How is your\n\u5b54\u5b50\u3001\u66f0\u3001\u9cf3\u516e\u9cf3\u516e\u3001\u4f55\u5fb7\u4e4b\u8870\u3001\u5f80\u8005\u4e0d\u53ef\u8aeb\u3001\u4f86\u8005\u7336\u53ef\u8ffd\u3002\u5df2\u800c\u5df2\u800c\u3001\u4eca\n\u4e4b\u5f9e\u653f\u8005\u6b86\u800c\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b54\u5b50\u4e0b\u3001\u6b32\u8207\u4e4b\u8a00\u3002\u8da8\u800c\u8f9f\u4e4b\u3001\u4e0d\u5f97\u8207\u4e4b\u8a00\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u9577\u6cae\u6840\u6eba\u8026\u800c\u8015\u3002\u5b54\u5b50\u904e\u4e4b\u3001\u4f7f\u5b50\u8def\u554f\u6d25\u7109\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\n\u9577\u6cae\u66f0\u3001\u592b\u57f7\u8f3f\u8005\u70ba\u8ab0\u3002\u5b50\u8def\u66f0\u3001\u70ba\u5b54\u4e18\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u662f\u9b6f\u5b54\u4e18\u8207\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u662f\u4e5f\u3002\u66f0\u3001\n\u662f\u77e5\u6d25\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u554f\u65bc\u6840\nvirtue degenerated! As to the past, reproof is useless; but the\nfuture may still be provided against. Give up your vain pursuit.\nGive up your vain pursuit. Peril awaits those who now engage\nin affairs of government.'\n2. Confucius alighted and wished to converse with him,\nbut Chieh-yu hastened away, so that he could not talk with\nhim.\nCHAP. VI. 1. Ch'ang-tsu and Chieh-ni were at work in the\nfield together, when Confucius passed by them, and sent Tsze-\nlu to inquire for the ford.\n2. Ch'ang-tsu said, 'Who is he that holds the reins in the\ncarriage there?' Tsze-lu told him, 'It is K'ung Ch'iu.' 'Is it not\nK'ung Ch'iu of Lu?' asked he. 'Yes,' was the reply, to which the\nother rejoined, 'He knows the ford.'\n3. Tsze-lu then inquired of Chieh-ni, who said to him,\n'Who\n\u6eba\u3002\u6840\u6eba\u66f0\u3002\u5b50\u70ba\u8ab0\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u70ba\u4ef2\u7531\u3002\u66f0\u3001\u662f\u9b6f\u5b54\u4e18\u4e4b\u5f92\u8207\u3002\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u7136\u3002\u66f0\u3001\n\u6ed4\u6ed4\u8005\u3001\u5929\u4e0b\u7686\u662f\u4e5f\u3001\u800c\u8ab0\u4ee5\u6613\u4e4b\u3001\u4e14\u800c\u8207\u5176\u5f9e\u8f9f\u4eba\u4e4b\u58eb\u4e5f\u3001\u8c48\u82e5\u5f9e\u8f9f\u4e16\u4e4b\n\u58eb\u54c9\u3002\u8030\u800c\u4e0d\u8f1f\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u884c\u4ee5\u544a\u3001\u592b\u5b50\u61ae\u7136\u66f0\u3001\u9ce5\u7378\u4e0d\u53ef\u8207\u540c\u7fa4\u3001\u543e\n\u975e\u65af\u4eba\u4e4b\u5f92\u8207\u800c\u8ab0\u8207\u3001\u5929\u4e0b\u6709\u9053\u3001\u4e18\u4e0d\u8207\u6613\u4e5f\u3002\nare you, sir?' He answered, 'I am Chung Yu.' 'Are you not the\ndisciple of K'ung Ch'iu of Lu?' asked the other. 'I am,' replied\nhe, and then Chieh-ni said to him, 'Disorder, like a swelling\nflood, spreads over the whole empire, and who is he that will\nchange its state for you? Than follow one who merely\nwithdraws from this one and that one, had you not better\nfollow those who have withdrawn from the world altogether?'\nWith this he fell to covering up the seed, and proceeded with\nhis work, without stopping.\n4. Tsze-lu went and reported their remarks, when the\nMaster observed with a sigh, 'It is impossible to associate with\nbirds and beasts, as if they were the same with us. If I\nassociate not with these people,-- with mankind,-- with whom\nshall I associate? If right principles prevailed through the\nempire, there would be no use for me to change its state.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u5f9e\u800c\u5f8c\u3001\u9047\u4e08\u4eba\u3001\u4ee5\u6756\u8377\u84e7\u3002\u5b50\u8def\u554f\u66f0\u3001\u5b50\u898b\u592b\u5b50\n\u4e4e\u3002\u4e08\u4eba\u66f0\u3001\u56db\u79ae\u4e0d\u52e4\u3001\u4e94\u7a40\u4e0d\u5206\u3001\u5b70\u70ba\u592b\u5b50\u3002\u690d\u5176\u6756\u800c\u82b8\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\n\u62f1\u800c\u7acb\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u6b62\u5b50\u8def\u5bbf\u3001\u6bba\u96de\u70ba\u9ecd\u800c\u98df\u4e4b\u3001\u898b\u5176\u4e8c\u5b50\u7109\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u660e\u65e5\u3001\n\u5b50\u8def\u884c\u4ee5\u544a\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u96b1\u8005\u4e5f\u3001\u4f7f\u5b50\u8def\u53cd\u898b\u4e4b\u3001\u81f3\u3001\u5247\u884c\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u4e94\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8def\u66f0\u3001\n\u4e0d\u4ed5\nCHAP. VII. 1. Tsze-lu, following the Master, happened to\nfall behind, when he met an old man, carrying across his\nshoulder on a staff a basket for weeds. Tsze-lu said to him,\n'Have you seen my master, sir!' The old man replied, 'Your four\nlimbs are unaccustomed to toil; you cannot distinguish the five\nkinds of grain:-- who is your master?' With this, he planted his\nstaff in the ground, and proceeded to weed.\n2. Tsze-lu joined his hands across his breast, and stood\nbefore him.\n3. The old man kept Tsze-lu to pass the night in his\nhouse, killed a fowl, prepared millet, and feasted him. He also\nintroduced to him his two sons.\n4. Next day, Tsze-lu went on his way, and reported his\nadventure. The Master said, 'He is a recluse,' and sent Tsze-lu\nback to see him again, but when he got to the place, the old\nman was gone.\n5. Tsze-lu then said to the family, 'Not to take office is not\n\u7121\u7fa9\u3002\u9577\u5e7c\u4e4b\u7bc0\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ee2\u4e5f\u3001\u541b\u81e3\u4e4b\u7fa9\u3001\u5982\u4e4b\u4f55\u5176\u5ee2\u4e4b\u3001\u6b32\u6f54\u5176\u8eab\u3001\u800c\u4e82\u5927\n\u502b\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4e4b\u4ed5\u4e5f\u3001\u884c\u5176\u7fa9\u4e5f\u3001\u9053\u4e4b\u4e0d\u884c\u3001\u5df2\u77e5\u4e4b\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u9038\u6c11\u3001\u4f2f\u5937\u3001\u53d4\u9f4a\u3001\u865e\u4ef2\u3001\u5937\u9038\u3001\u6731\u5f35\u3001\u67f3\u4e0b\u60e0\u3001\u5c11\u9023\u3002\n\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u964d\u5176\u5fd7\u3001\u4e0d\u8fb1\u5176\u8eab\u3001\u4f2f\u5937\u53d4\u9f4a\u8207\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u8b02\u67f3\u4e0b\u60e0\u5c11\u9023\u3001\n\u964d\u5fd7\u8fb1\u8eab\u77e3\u3001\u8a00\nrighteous. If the relations between old and young may not be\nneglected, how is it that he sets aside the duties that should be\nobserved between sovereign and minister? Wishing to\nmaintain his personal purity, he allows that great relation to\ncome to confusion. A superior man takes office, and performs\nthe righteous duties belonging to it. As to the failure of right\nprinciples to make progress, he is aware of that.'\nCHAP. VIII. 1. The men who have retired to privacy from\nthe world have been Po-i, Shu-ch'i, Yu-chung, I-yi, Chu-chang,\nHui of Liu-hsia, and Shao-lien.\n2. The Master said, 'Refusing to surrender their wills, or\nto submit to any taint in their persons;-- such, I think, were\nPo-i and Shu-ch'i.\n3. 'It may be said of Hui of Liu-hsia, and of Shao-lien, that\nthey surrendered their wills, and submitted to taint in their\npersons,\n\u4e2d\u502b\u3001\u884c\u4e2d\u616e\u3001\u5176\u65af\u800c\u5df2\u77e3\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u8b02\u865e\u4ef2\u5937\u9038\u3001\u96b1\u5c45\u653e\u8a00\u3001\u8eab\u4e2d\u6e05\u3001\u5ee2\n\u4e2d\u6b0a\u3002\u3010\u4e94\u7bc0\u3011\u6211\u5247\u7570\u65bc\u662f\u3001\u7121\u53ef\u7121\u4e0d\u53ef\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5927\u5e2b\u646f\u9069\u9f4a\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u4e9e\u98ef\u5e72\u9069\u695a\u3002\u4e09\u98ef\u7e5a\u9069\u8521\u3002\u56db\u98ef\n\u7f3a\u9069\u79e6\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u9f13\u65b9\u53d4\u3001\nbut their words corresponded with reason, and their actions\nwere such as men are anxious to see. This is all that is to be\nremarked in them.\n4. 'It may be said of Yu-chung and I-yi, that, while they\nhid themselves in their seclusion, they gave a license to their\nwords; but, in their persons, they succeeded in preserving their\npurity, and, in their retirement, they acted according to the\nexigency of the times.\n5. 'I am different from all these. I have no course for\nwhich I am predetermined, and no course against which I am\npredetermined.'\nCHAP. IX. 1. The grand music master, Chih, went to Ch'i.\n2. Kan, the master of the band at the second meal, went\nto Ch'u. Liao, the band master at the third meal, went to Ts'ai.\nChueh, the band master at the fourth meal, went to Ch'in.\n3. Fang-shu, the drum master, withdrew to the north of\nthe river.\n\u5165\u65bc\u6cb3\u3002\u64ad(tao2, \u4e0a\u5146\u4e0b\u9f13)\u6b66\u3001\u5165\u65bc\u6f22\u3002\u3010\u4e94\u7bc0\u3011\u5c11\u5e2b\u967d\u3001\u64ca\u78ec\u8944\u3001\u5165\u65bc\n\u6d77\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5468\u516c\u8b02\u9b6f\u516c\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4e0d\u65bd\u5176\u89aa\u3001\u4e0d\u4f7f\u5927\u81e3\u6028\u4e4e\u4e0d\u4ee5\u3001\u6545\u820a\u7121\u5927\u6545\u3001\n\u5247\u4e0d\u68c4\u4e5f\u3001\u7121\u6c42\u5099\u65bc\u4e00\u4eba\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5468\u6709\u516b\u58eb\u3001\u4f2f\u9054\u3001\u4f2f\u9002\u3001\u4ef2\u7a81\u3001\u4ef2\u5ffd\u3001\u53d4\u591c\u3001\u53d4\u590f\u3001\u674e\u96a8\u3001\u674e\u9a27\u3002\n4. Wu, the master of the hand drum, withdrew to the\nHan.\n5. Yang, the assistant music master, and Hsiang, master of\nthe musical stone, withdrew to an island in the sea.\nCHAP. X. The duke of Chau addressed his son, the duke of\nLu, saying, 'The virtuous prince does not neglect his relations.\nHe does not cause the great ministers to repine at his not\nemploying them. Without some great cause, he does not dismiss\nfrom their offices the members of old families. He does not\nseek in one man talents for every employment.'\nCHAP. XI. To Chau belonged the eight officers, Po-ta,\nPo-kwo, Chung-tu, Chung-hwu, Shu-ya, Shu-hsia, Chi-sui, and\nChi-kwa.\n\u5b50\u5f35\u7b2c\u5341\u4e5d\nBOOK XIX. TSZE-CHANG.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u5f35\u66f0\u3001\u58eb\u3001\u898b\u5371\u81f4\u547d\u3001\u898b\u5f97\u601d\u7fa9\u3001\u796d\u601d\u656c\u3001\u55aa\u601d\u54c0\u3001\u5176\u53ef\u5df2\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u5f35\u66f0\u3001\u57f7\u5fb7\u4e0d\u5f18\u3001\u4fe1\u9053\u4e0d\u7be4\u3001\u7109\u80fd\u70ba\u6709\u3001\u7109\u80fd\u70ba\u4ea1\u3002\nCHAP. I. Tsze-chang said, 'The scholar, trained for public\nduty, seeing threatening danger, is prepared to sacrifice his life.\nWhen the opportunity of gain is presented to him, he thinks of\nrighteousness. In sacrificing, his thoughts are reverential. In\nmourning, his thoughts are about the grief which he should\nfeel. Such a man commands our approbation indeed.'\nCHAP. II. Tsze-chang said, 'When a man holds fast to\nvirtue, but without seeking to enlarge it, and believes right\nprinciples, but without firm sincerity, what account can be\nmade of his existence or non-existence?'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u590f\u4e4b\u9580\u4eba\u554f\u4ea4\u65bc\u5b50\u5f35\u3002\u5b50\u5f35\u66f0\u3001\u5b50\u590f\u4e91\u4f55\u3002\u5c0d\u66f0\u3001\u5b50\u590f\u66f0\u3001\u53ef\n\u8005\u8207\u4e4b\u3001\u5176\u4e0d\u53ef\u8005\u62d2\u4e4b\u3002\u5b50\u5f35\u66f0\u3001\u7570\u4e4e\u543e\u6240\u805e\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u5c0a\u8ce2\u800c\u5bb9\u773e\u3001\u5609\u5584\u800c\u77dc\n\u4e0d\u80fd\u3001\u6211\u4e4b\u5927\u8ce2\u8207\u3001\u65bc\u4eba\u4f55\u6240\u4e0d\u5bb9\u3001\u6211\u4e4b\u4e0d\u8ce2\u8207\u3001\u4eba\u5c07\u62d2\u6211\u3001\u5982\u4e4b\u4f55\u5176\u62d2\u4eba\n\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u590f\u66f0\u3001\u96d6\u5c0f\u9053\u3001\u5fc5\u6709\nCHAP. III. The disciples of Tsze-hsia asked Tsze-chang\nabout the principles that should characterize mutual\nintercourse. Tsze-chang asked, 'What does Tsze-hsia say on the\nsubject?' They replied, 'Tsze-hsia says:-- \"Associate with those\nwho can advantage you. Put away from you those who cannot\ndo so.\"' Tsze-chang observed, 'This is different from what I\nhave learned. The superior man honours the talented and\nvirtuous, and bears with all. He praises the good, and pities the\nincompetent. Am I possessed of great talents and virtue?--\nwho is there among men whom I will not bear with? Am I\ndevoid of talents and virtue?-- men will put me away from\nthem. What have we to do with the putting away of others?'\nCHAP. IV. Tsze-hsia said, 'Even in inferior studies and\nemployments there is something worth being looked at; but if\nit be\n\u53ef\u89c0\u8005\u7109\u3001\u81f4\u9060\u6050\u6ce5\u3001\u662f\u4ee5\u541b\u5b50\u4e0d\u70ba\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u590f\u66f0\u3001\u65e5\u77e5\u5176\u6240\u4ea1\u3001\u6708\u7121\u5fd8\u5176\u6240\u80fd\u3001\u53ef\u8b02\u597d\u5b78\u4e5f\u5df2\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u590f\u66f0\u3001\u535a\u5b78\u800c\u7be4\u5fd7\u3001\u5207\u554f\u800c\u8fd1\u601d\u3001\u4ec1\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u590f\u66f0\u3001\u767e\u5de5\u5c45\u8086\u3001\u4ee5\u6210\u5176\u4e8b\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u5b78\u4ee5\u81f4\u5176\u9053\u3002\nattempted to carry them out to what is remote, there is a\ndanger of their proving inapplicable. Therefore, the superior\nman does not practise them.'\nCHAP. V. Tsze-hsia said, 'He, who from day to day\nrecognises what he has not yet, and from month to month does\nnot forget what he has attained to, may be said indeed to love\nto learn.'\nCHAP. VI. Tsze-hsia said, 'There are learning extensively,\nand having a firm and sincere aim; inquiring with earnestness,\nand reflecting with self-application:-- virtue is in such a\ncourse.'\nCHAP. VII. Tsze-hsia said, 'Mechanics have their shops to\ndwell in, in order to accomplish their works. The superior man\nlearns, in order to reach to the utmost of his principles.'\n\u3010\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u590f\u66f0\u3001\u5c0f\u4eba\u4e4b\u904e\u4e5f\u3001\u5fc5\u6587\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u590f\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u6709\u4e09\u8b8a\u3001\u671b\u4e4b\u513c\u7136\u3001\u5373\u4e4b\u4e5f\u6eab\u3001\u807d\u5176\u8a00\u4e5f\u53b2\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u590f\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4fe1\u800c\u5f8c\u52de\u5176\u6c11\u3001\u672a\u4fe1\u3001\u5247\u4ee5\u70ba\u53b2\u5df1\u4e5f\u3001\u4fe1\u800c\u5f8c\u8aeb\u3001\n\u672a\u4fe1\u3001\u5247\u4ee5\u70ba\u8b17\u5df1\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u590f\u66f0\u3001\u5927\u5fb7\u4e0d\u8e30\u9591\u3001\nCHAP. VIII. Tsze-hsia said, 'The mean man is sure to gloss\nhis faults.'\nCHAP. IX. Tsze-hsia said, 'The superior man undergoes\nthree changes. Looked at from a distance, he appears stern;\nwhen approached, he is mild; when he is heard to speak, his\nlanguage is firm and decided.'\nCHAP. X. Tsze-hsia said, 'The superior man, having\nobtained their confidence, may then impose labours on his\npeople. If he have not gained their confidence, they will think\nthat he is oppressing them. Having obtained the confidence of\nhis prince, one may then remonstrate with him. If he have not\ngained his confidence, the prince will think that he is vilifying\nhim.'\nCHAP. XI. Tsze-hsia said, 'When a person does not\ntransgress the boundary line in the great virtues, he may pass\nand repass it in the small virtues.'\n\u5c0f\u5fb7\u51fa\u5165\u53ef\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u6e38\u66f0\u3001\u5b50\u590f\u4e4b\u9580\u4eba\u5c0f\u5b50\u3001\u7576\u6d12\u6383\u3001\u61c9\u5c0d\u3001\u9032\u9000\u3001\u5247\u53ef\n\u77e3\u3001\u6291\u672b\u4e5f\u3001\u672c\u4e4b\u5247\u7121\u3001\u5982\u4e4b\u4f55\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u590f\u805e\u4e4b\u66f0\u3001\u566b\u3001\u8a00\u6e38\u904e\u77e3\u3001\u541b\n\u5b50\u4e4b\u9053\u3001\u5b70\u5148\u50b3\u7109\u3001\u5b70\u5f8c\u5026\u7109\u3001\u8b6c\u8af8\u8349\u6728\u3001\u5340\u4ee5\u5225\u77e3\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4e4b\u9053\u3001\u7109\u53ef\u8aa3\u4e5f\u3001\n\u6709\u59cb\u6709\u5352\u8005\u3001\u5176\u60df\u8056\u4eba\u4e4e\u3002\nCHAP. XII. 1. Tsze-yu said, 'The disciples and followers of\nTsze-hsia, in sprinkling and sweeping the ground, in answering\nand replying, in advancing and receding, are sufficiently\naccomplished. But these are only the branches of learning, and\nthey are left ignorant of what is essential.-- How can they be\nacknowledged as sufficiently taught?'\n2. Tsze-hsia heard of the remark and said, 'Alas! Yen Yu\nis wrong. According to the way of the superior man in teaching,\nwhat departments are there which he considers of prime\nimportance, and delivers? what are there which he considers of\nsecondary importance, and allows himself to be idle about? But\nas in the case of plants, which are assorted according to their\nclasses, so he deals with his disciples. How can the way of a\nsuperior man be such as to make fools of any of them? Is it not\nthe sage alone, who can unite in one the beginning and the\nconsummation of learning?'\n\u3010\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u590f\u66f0\u3001\u4ed5\u800c\u512a\u5247\u5b78\u3001\u5b78\u800c\u512a\u5247\u4ed5\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u6e38\u66f0\u3001\u55aa\u81f4\u4e4e\u54c0\u800c\u6b62\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u6e38\u66f0\u3001\u543e\u53cb\u5f35\u4e5f\u3001\u70ba\u96e3\u80fd\u4e5f\u3001\u7136\u800c\u672a\u4ec1\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u516d\u7ae0\u3011\u66fe\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5802\u5802\u4e4e\u5f35\u4e5f\u3001\u96e3\u8207\u4e26\u70ba\u4ec1\u77e3\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e03\u7ae0\u3011\u66fe\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u543e\u805e\u8af8\u592b\u5b50\u3001\u4eba\u672a\u6709\u81ea\u81f4\u8005\u4e5f\u3001\u5fc5\u4e5f\u89aa\u55aa\u4e4e\u3002\nCHAP. XIII. Tsze-hsia said, 'The officer, having discharged\nall his duties, should devote his leisure to learning. The student,\nhaving completed his learning, should apply himself to be an\nofficer.'\nCHAP. XIV. Tsze-hsia said, 'Mourning, having been carried\nto the utmost degree of grief, should stop with that.'\nCHAP. XV. Tsze-hsia said, 'My friend Chang can do things\nwhich are hard to be done, but yet he is not perfectly virtuous.'\nCHAP. XVI. The philosopher Tsang said, 'How imposing is\nthe manner of Chang! It is difficult along with him to practise\nvirtue.'\nCHAP. XVII. The philosopher Tsang said, 'I heard this\nfrom our Master:-- \"Men may not have shown what is in them\nto the full extent, and yet they will be found to do so, on\noccasion of mourning for their parents.\"'\n\u3010\u5341\u516b\u7ae0\u3011\u66fe\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u543e\u805e\u8af8\u592b\u5b50\u3001\u5b5f\u838a\u5b50\u4e4b\u5b5d\u4e5f\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u3001\u5176\u4e0d\u6539\u7236\u4e4b\n\u81e3\u3001\u8207\u7236\u4e4b\u653f\u3001\u662f\u96e3\u80fd\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5341\u4e5d\u7ae0\u3011\u5b5f\u6c0f\u4f7f\u967d\u819a\u70ba\u58eb\u5e2b\u3001\u554f\u65bc\u66fe\u5b50\u3002\u66fe\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e0a\u5931\u5176\u9053\u3001\u6c11\u6563\u3001\u4e45\u77e3\u3001\n\u5982\u5f97\u5176\u60c5\u3001\u5247\u54c0\u77dc\u800c\u52ff\u559c\u3002\n\u3010\u4e8c\u5341\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u7d02\u4e4b\u4e0d\u5584\u3001\u4e0d\u5982\u662f\u4e4b\u751a\u4e5f\u3001\u662f\u4ee5\u541b\u5b50\nCHAP. XVIII. The philosopher Tsang said, 'I have heard\nthis from our Master:-- \"The filial piety of Mang Chwang, in\nother matters, was what other men are competent to, but, as\nseen in his not changing the ministers of his father, nor his\nfather's mode of government, it is difficult to be attained to.\"'\nCHAP. XIX. The chief of the Mang family having\nappointed Yang Fu to be chief criminal judge, the latter\nconsulted the philosopher Tsang. Tsang said, 'The rulers have\nfailed in their duties, and the people consequently have been\ndisorganised, for a long time. When you have found out the\ntruth of any accusation, be grieved for and pity them, and do\nnot feel joy at your own ability.'\nCHAP. XX. Tsze-kung said, 'Chau's wickedness was not so\ngreat as that name implies. Therefore, the superior man hates\nto dwell\n\u60e1\u5c45\u4e0b\u6d41\u3001\u5929\u4e0b\u4e4b\u60e1\u7686\u6b78\u7109\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4e4b\u904e\u4e5f\u3001\u5982\u65e5\u6708\u4e4b\u98df\u7109\u3001\u904e\u4e5f\u3001\u4eba\u7686\u898b\u4e4b\u3001\u66f4\u4e5f\u3001\n\u4eba\u7686\u4ef0\u4e4b\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u885b\u516c\u5b6b\u671d\u554f\u65bc\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u4ef2\u5c3c\u7109\u5b78\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u6587\n\u6b66\u4e4b\u9053\u3001\u672a\u589c\u65bc\u5730\u3001\u5728\u4eba\u3001\u8ce2\u8005\u8b58\u5176\u5927\u8005\u3001\u4e0d\u8ce2\u8005\u8b58\u5176\u5c0f\u8005\u3001\u83ab\u4e0d\u6709\u6587\u6b66\u4e4b\n\u9053\u7109\u3001\u592b\u5b50\u7109\u4e0d\u5b78\u3001\u800c\u4ea6\u4f55\u5e38\u5e2b\u4e4b\u6709\u3001\nin a low-lying situation, where all the evil of the world will\nflow in upon him.'\nCHAP. XXI. Tsze-kung said, 'The faults of the superior\nman are like the eclipses of the sun and moon. He has his\nfaults, and all men see them; he changes again, and all men\nlook up to him.'\nCHAP. XXII. 1. Kung-sun Ch'ao of Wei asked Tsze-kung,\nsaying, 'From whom did Chung-ni get his learning?'\n2. Tsze-kung replied, 'The doctrines of Wan and Wu have\nnot yet fallen to the ground. They are to be found among men.\nMen of talents and virtue remember the greater principles of\nthem, and others, not possessing such talents and virtue,\nremember the smaller. Thus, all possess the doctrines of Wan\nand Wu. Where could our Master go that he should not have an\nopportunity of learning them? And yet what necessity was\nthere for his having a regular master?'\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u53d4\u5b6b\u6b66\u53d4\u8a9e\u5927\u592b\u65bc\u671d\u66f0\u3001\u5b50\u8ca2\u8ce2\u65bc\u4ef2\u5c3c\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u670d\n\u666f\u4f2f\u4ee5\u544a\u5b50\u8ca2\u3002\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u8b6c\u4e4b\u5bae\u7246\u3001\u8cdc\u4e4b\u7246\u4e5f\u3001\u53ca\u80a9\u3001\u7aba\u898b\u5ba4\u5bb6\u4e4b\u597d\u3002\u3010\u4e09\n\u7bc0\u3011\u592b\u5b50\u4e4b\u7246\u3001\u6578\u4ede\u3001\u4e0d\u5f97\u5176\u9580\u800c\u5165\u3001\u4e0d\u898b\u5b97\u5edf\u4e4b\u7f8e\u3001\u767e\u5b98\u4e4b\u5bcc\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\n\u5f97\u5176\u9580\u8005\u6216\u5be1\u77e3\u3001\u592b\u5b50\u4e4b\u4e91\u3001\u4e0d\u4ea6\u5b9c\u4e4e\u3002\nCHAP. XXIII. 1. Shu-sun Wu-shu observed to the great\nofficers in the court, saying, 'Tsze-kung is superior to Chung-ni.'\n2. Tsze-fu Ching-po reported the observation to Tsze-\nkung, who said, 'Let me use the comparison of a house and its\nencompassing wall. My wall only reaches to the shoulders. One\nmay peep over it, and see whatever is valuable in the\napartments.\n3. 'The wall of my Master is several fathoms high. If one\ndo not find the door and enter by it, he cannot see the ancestral\ntemple with its beauties, nor all the officers in their rich array.\n4. 'But I may assume that they are few who find the door.\nWas not the observation of the chief only what might have\nbeen expected?'\n\u3010\u5eff\u56db\u7ae0\u3011\u53d4\u5b6b\u6b66\u53d4\u6bc0\u4ef2\u5c3c\u3002\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u7121\u4ee5\u70ba\u4e5f\u3001\u4ef2\u5c3c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6bc0\u4e5f\u3001\u4ed6\u4eba\u4e4b\u8ce2\n\u8005\u3001\u4e18\u9675\u4e5f\u3001\u7336\u53ef\u8e30\u4e5f\u3001\u4ef2\u5c3c\u3001\u65e5\u6708\u4e5f\u3001\u7121\u5f97\u800c\u8e30\u7109\u3001\u4eba\u96d6\u6b32\u81ea\u7d55\u3001\u5176\u4f55\u50b7\n\u65bc\u65e5\u6708\u4e4e\u3001\u591a\u898b\u5176\u4e0d\u77e5\u91cf\u4e5f\u3002\n\u3010\u5eff\u4e94\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u9673\u5b50\u79bd\u8b02\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u5b50\u70ba\u606d\u4e5f\u3001\u4ef2\u5c3c\u8c48\u8ce2\u65bc\u5b50\u4e4e\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\n\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u4e00\u8a00\u4ee5\u70ba\u77e5\u3001\u4e00\u8a00\u4ee5\u70ba\u4e0d\u77e5\u3001\u8a00\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e0d\u614e\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u592b\u5b50\u4e4b\nCHAP. XXIV. Shu-sun Wu-shu having spoken revilingly of\nChung-ni, Tsze-kung said, 'It is of no use doing so. Chung-ni\ncannot be reviled. The talents and virtue of other men are\nhillocks and mounds which may be stepped over. Chung-ni is\nthe sun or moon, which it is not possible to step over. Although\na man may wish to cut himself off from the sage, what harm\ncan he do to the sun or moon? He only shows that he does not\nknow his own capacity.\nCHAP. XXV. 1. Ch'an Tsze-ch'in, addressing Tsze-kung,\nsaid, 'You are too modest. How can Chung-ni be said to be\nsuperior to you?'\n2. Tsze-kung said to him, 'For one word a man is often\ndeemed to be wise, and for one word he is often deemed to be\nfoolish. We ought to be careful indeed in what we say.\n3. 'Our Master cannot be attained to, just in the same way\nas the heavens cannot be gone up to by the steps of a stair.\n\u4e0d\u53ef\u53ca\u4e5f\u3001\u7336\u5929\u4e4b\u4e0d\u53ef\u968e\u800c\u5347\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u592b\u5b50\u4e4b\u5f97\u90a6\u5bb6\u8005\u3001\u6240\u8b02\u7acb\u4e4b\u65af\u7acb\u3001\n\u9053\u4e4b\u671f\u884c\u3001\u7d8f\u4e4b\u671f\u4f86\u3001\u52d5\u4e4b\u65af\u548c\u3001\u5176\u751f\u4e5f\u69ae\u3001\u5176\u6b7b\u4e5f\u54c0\u3001\u5982\u4e4b\u4f55\u5176\u53ef\u53ca\u4e5f\u3002\n4. 'Were our Master in the position of the ruler of a State\nor the chief of a Family, we should find verified the description\nwhich has been given of a sage's rule:-- he would plant the\npeople, and forthwith they would be established; he would lead\nthem on, and forthwith they would follow him; he would make\nthem happy, and forthwith multitudes would resort to his\ndominions; he would stimulate them, and forthwith they would\nbe harmonious. While he lived, he would be glorious. When he\ndied, he would be bitterly lamented. How is it possible for him\nto be attained to?'\n\u582f\u66f0\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5341\nBOOK XX. YAO YUEH.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u582f\u66f0\u3001\u54a8\u3001\u723e\u821c\u3001\u5929\u4e4b\u66c6\u6578\u5728\u723e\u8eac\u3001\u5141\u57f7\u5176\u4e2d\u3001\u56db\u6d77\u56f0\n\u7aae\u3001\u5929\u797f\u6c38\u7d42\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u821c\u4ea6\u4ee5\u547d\u79b9\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u66f0\u3001\u4e88\u5c0f\u5b50\u5c65\u3001\u6562\u7528\u7384\u7261\u3001\n\u6562\u662d\u544a\u4e8e\u7687\u7687\u540e\u5e1d\u3001\u6709\u7f6a\u4e0d\u6562\u8d66\u3001\u5e1d\u81e3\u4e0d\u853d\u3001\u7c21\u5728\u5e1d\u5fc3\u3001\u6715\u8eac\u6709\u7f6a\u3001\u7121\u4ee5\u842c\n\u65b9\u3001\u842c\u65b9\u6709\u7f6a\u3001\nCHAP. I. 1. Yao said, 'Oh! you, Shun, the Heaven-\ndetermined order of succession now rests in your person.\nSincerely hold fast the due Mean. If there shall be distress and\nwant within the four seas, the Heavenly revenue will come to a\nperpetual end.'\n2. Shun also used the same language in giving charge to\nYu.\n3. T'ang said, 'I the child Li, presume to use a dark-\ncoloured victim, and presume to announce to Thee, O most\ngreat and sovereign God, that the sinner I dare not pardon, and\nthy ministers, O God, I do not keep in obscurity. The\nexamination of them is by thy mind, O God. If, in my person, I\ncommit offences, they are not to be attributed to you, the\npeople of the myriad regions. If you in the myriad regions\ncommit offences, these offences must rest on my person.'\n\u7f6a\u5728\u6715\u8eac\u3002\u3010\u56db\u7bc0\u3011\u5468\u6709\u5927\u8cda\u3001\u5584\u4eba\u662f\u5bcc\u3002\u3010\u4e94\u7bc0\u3011\u96d6\u6709\u5468\u89aa\u3001\u4e0d\u5982\u4ec1\u4eba\u3001\n\u767e\u59d3\u6709\u904e\u3001\u5728\u4e88\u4e00\u4eba\u3002\u3010\u516d\u7bc0\u3011\u8b39\u6b0a\u91cf\u3001\u5be9\u6cd5\u5ea6\u3001\u4fee\u5ee2\u5b98\u3001\u56db\u65b9\u4e4b\u653f\u884c\u7109\u3002\n\u3010\u4e03\u7bc0\u3011\u8208\u6ec5\u570b\u3001\u7e7c\u7d55\u4e16\u3001\u8209\u9038\u6c11\u3001\u5929\u4e0b\u4e4b\u6c11\u6b78\u5fc3\u7109\u3002\u3010\u516b\u7bc0\u3011\u6240\u91cd\u6c11\u3001\u98df\u3001\n\u55aa\u3001\u796d\u3002\u3010\u4e5d\u7bc0\u3011\u5bec\u5247\u5f97\u773e\u3001\u4fe1\u3001\u5247\u6c11\u4efb\u7109\u3001\u654f\u3001\u5247\u6709\u529f\u3001\u516c\u5247\u8aaa\u3002\n4. Chau conferred great gifts, and the good were enriched.\n5. 'Although he has his near relatives, they are not equal\nto my virtuous men. The people are throwing blame upon me,\nthe One man.'\n6. He carefully attended to the weights and measures,\nexamined the body of the laws, restored the discarded officers,\nand the good government of the kingdom took its course.\n7. He revived States that had been extinguished, restored\nfamilies whose line of succession had been broken, and called\nto office those who had retired into obscurity, so that\nthroughout the kingdom the hearts of the people turned\ntowards him.\n8. What he attached chief importance to, were the food of\nthe people, the duties of mourning, and sacrifices.\n9. By his generosity, he won all. By his sincerity, he made\nthe people repose trust in him. By his earnest activity, his\nachievements were great. By his justice, all were delighted.\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u5f35\u554f\u65bc\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4f55\u5982\u3001\u65af\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u653f\u77e3\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u5c0a\u4e94\u7f8e\u3001\n\u5c4f\u56db\u60e1\u3001\u65af\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u653f\u77e3\u3002\u5b50\u5f35\u66f0\u3001\u4f55\u8b02\u4e94\u7f8e\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u60e0\u3001\u800c\u4e0d\u8cbb\u3001\u52de\u3001\n\u800c\u4e0d\u6028\u3001\u6b32\u3001\u800c\u4e0d\u8caa\u3001\u6cf0\u3001\u800c\u4e0d\u9a55\u3001\u5a01\u3001\u800c\u4e0d\u731b\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u5f35\u66f0\u3001\u4f55\u8b02\u60e0\n\u800c\u4e0d\u8cbb\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u56e0\u6c11\u4e4b\u6240\u5229\u800c\u5229\u4e4b\u3001\nCHAP. II. 1. Tsze-chang asked Confucius, saying, 'In what\nway should a person in authority act in order that he may\nconduct government properly?' The Master replied, 'Let him\nhonour the five excellent, and banish away the four bad,\nthings;-- then may he conduct government properly.' Tsze-\nchang said, 'What are meant by the five excellent things?' The\nMaster said, 'When the person in authority is beneficent\nwithout great expenditure; when he lays tasks on the people\nwithout their repining; when he pursues what he desires\nwithout being covetous; when he maintains a dignified ease\nwithout being proud; when he is majestic without being fierce.'\n2. Tsze-chang said, 'What is meant by being beneficent\nwithout great expenditure?' The Master replied, 'When the\nperson in authority makes more beneficial to the people the\nthings from which\n\u65af\u4e0d\u4ea6\u60e0\u800c\u4e0d\u8cbb\u4e4e\u3001\u64c7\u53ef\u52de\u800c\u52de\u4e4b\u3001\u53c8\u8ab0\u6028\u3001\u6b32\u4ec1\u800c\u5f97\u4ec1\u3001\u53c8\u7109\u8caa\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u7121\n\u773e\u5be1\u3001\u7121\u5c0f\u5927\u3001\u7121\u6562\u6162\u3001\u65af\u4e0d\u4ea6\u6cf0\u800c\u4e0d\u9a55\u4e4e\u3001\u541b\u5b50\u6b63\u5176\u8863\u51a0\u3001\u5c0a\u5176\u77bb\u8996\u3001\u513c\n\u7136\u4eba\u671b\u800c\u754f\u4e4b\u3001\u65af\u4e0d\u4ea6\u5a01\u800c\u4e0d\u731b\u4e4e\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u5f35\u66f0\u3001\u4f55\u8b02\u56db\u60e1\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\n\u6559\u800c\u6bba\u3001\u8b02\u4e4b\u8650\u3001\u4e0d\u6212\u8996\u6210\u3001\u8b02\u4e4b\u66b4\u3001\u6162\u4ee4\u81f4\u671f\u3001\u8b02\u4e4b\u8cca\u3001\u7336\nthey naturally derive benefit;-- is not this being beneficent\nwithout great expenditure? When he chooses the labours which\nare proper, and makes them labour on them, who will repine?\nWhen his desires are set on benevolent government, and he\nsecures it, who will accuse him of covetousness? Whether he\nhas to do with many people or few, or with things great or\nsmall, he does not dare to indicate any disrespect;-- is not this\nto maintain a dignified ease without any pride? He adjusts his\nclothes and cap, and throws a dignity into his looks, so that,\nthus dignified, he is looked at with awe;-- is not this to be\nmajestic without being fierce?'\n3. Tsze-chang then asked, 'What are meant by the four\nbad things?' The Master said, 'To put the people to death\nwithout having instructed them;-- this is called cruelty. To\nrequire from them, suddenly, the full tale of work, without\nhaving given them warning;-- this is called oppression. To issue\norders as if without urgency, at first, and, when the time\ncomes, to insist on them with severity;-- this is called injury.\nAnd, generally, in the giving pay\n\u4e4b\u8207\u4eba\u4e5f\u3001\u51fa\u7d0d\u4e4b\u541d\u3001\u8b02\u4e4b\u6709\u53f8\u3002\n\u3010\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u3011\u3010\u4e00\u7bc0\u3011\u5b50\u66f0\u3001\u4e0d\u77e5\u547d\u3001\u7121\u4ee5\u70ba\u541b\u5b50\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e8c\u7bc0\u3011\u4e0d\u77e5\u79ae\u3001\u7121\u4ee5\n\u7acb\u4e5f\u3002\u3010\u4e09\u7bc0\u3011\u4e0d\u77e5\u8a00\u3001\u7121\u4ee5\u77e5\u4eba\u4e5f\u3002\nor rewards to men, to do it in a stingy way;-- this is called\nacting the part of a mere official.'\nCHAP III. 1. The Master said, 'Without recognising the\nordinances of Heaven, it is impossible to be a superior man.\n2. 'Without an acquaintance with the rules of Propriety, it\nis impossible for the character to be established.\n3. 'Without knowing the force of words, it is impossible to\nknow men.'","title":"Cfu","type":"page"}