{"collection":"cfu","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/browse/cfu/mlc/mlc10.htm","path":"cfu/mlc/mlc10.htm","source_url":"https://sacred-texts.com/cfu/mlc/mlc10.htm","text":"Myths and Legends of China, by Edward T.C. Werner, [1922]\nThe celestial organization of Fire is the fifth Ministry, and is presided over by a President, Lo Hs\u00fcan, whose titular designation is Huo-t\u00ea Hsing-ch\u00fcn, \u2018Stellar Sovereign of the Fire-virtue,\u2019 with five subordinate ministers, four of whom are star-gods, and the fifth a \u201ccelestial prince who receives fire\u201d: Chieh-huo T\u2019ien-ch\u00fcn. Like so many other Chinese deities, the five were all ministers of the tyrant emperor Chou.\nIt is related that Lo Hs\u00fcan was originally a Taoist priest known as Yen-chung Hsien, of the island Huo-lung, \u2018Fire-dragon.\u2019 His face was the colour of ripe fruit of the jujube-tree, his hair and beard red, the former done up in the shape of a fish-tail, and he had three eyes. He wore a red cloak ornamented with the pa kua; his horse snorted flames from its nostrils and fire darted from its hoofs.\nWhile fighting in the service of the son of the tyrant emperor, Lo Hs\u00fcan suddenly changed himself into a giant with three heads and six arms. In each of his hands he held a magic weapon. These were a seal which reflected the heavens and the earth, a wheel of the five fire-dragons, a gourd containing ten thousand fire-crows, and, in the other hands, two swords which floated like smoke, and a column of smoke several thousands of li long enclosing swords of fire.\nHaving arrived at the city of Hsi Ch\u2019i, Lo Hs\u00fcan sent forth his smoke-column, the air was filled with swords of fire, the ten thousand fire-crows, emerging from the p. 237 gourd, spread themselves over the town, and a terrible conflagration broke out, the whole place being ablaze in a few minutes.\nAt this juncture there appeared in the sky the Princess Lung Chi, daughter of Wang-mu Niang-niang; forthwith she spread over the city her shroud of mist and dew, and the fire was extinguished by a heavy downpour of rain. All the mysterious mechanisms of Lo Hs\u00fcan lost their efficacy, and the magician took to his heels down the side of the mountain. There he was met by Li, the Pagoda-bearer, 1 who threw his golden pagoda into the air. The pagoda fell on Lo Hs\u00fcan\u2019s head and broke his skull.\nOf the various fire-gods, Ch\u2019ih Ching-tz\u016d, the principle of spiritual fire, is one of the five spirits representing the Five Elements. He is Fire personified, which has its birth in the south, on Mount Shih-t\u2019ang. He himself and everything connected with him\u2014his skin, hair, beard, trousers, cloak of leaves, etc.\u2014are all of the colour of fire, though he is sometimes represented with a blue cap resembling the blue tip of a flame. He appeared in the presence of Huang Lao in a fire-cloud. He it was who obtained fire from the wood of the mulberry-tree, and the heat of this fire, joined with the moisture of water, developed the germs of terrestrial beings.\nChu Jung, though also otherwise personified, is generally regarded as having been a legendary emperor who made his first appearance in the time of Hsien p. 238 Yuan (2698\u20132598 B.C.). In his youth he asked Kuang-shou Lao-j\u00ean, \u2018Old Longevity,\u2019 to grant him immortality. \u201cThe time has not yet come,\u201d replied Old Longevity; \u201cbefore it does you have to become an emperor. I will give you the means of reaching the end you desire. Give orders that after you are dead you are to be buried on the southern slope of the sacred mountain H\u00eang Shan; there you will learn the doctrine of Ch\u2019ih Ching-tz\u016d and will become immortal.\u201d\nThe Emperor Hsien Y\u00fcan, having abdicated the throne, sent for Chu Jung, and bestowed upon him the crown. Chu Jung, having become emperor, taught the people the use of fire and the advantages to be derived therefrom. In those early times the forests were filled with venomous reptiles and savage animals; he ordered the peasants to set fire to the brushwood to drive away these dangerous neighbours and keep them at a distance. He also taught his subjects the art of purifying, forging, and welding metals by the action of fire. He was nicknamed Ch\u2019ih Ti, \u2018the Red Emperor.\u2019 He reigned for more than two hundred years, and became an Immortal, His capital was the ancient city of Kuei, thirty li north-east of Hsin-ch\u00eang Hsien, in the Prefecture of K\u2019ai-f\u00eang Fu, Honan. His tomb is on the southern slope of Heng Shan. The peak is known as Chu Jung Peak. His descendants, who went to live in the south, were the ancestors of the Directors of Fire.\nThe most popular God of Fire, however, is Hui Lu, a celebrated magician who, according to the Sh\u00ean hsien t\u2019ung chien, lived some time before the reign of Ti K\u2019u (2436\u20132366 B.C.), the father of Yao the Great, and had a p. 239 mysterious bird named Pi Fang and a hundred other fire-birds shut up in a gourd. He had only to let them out to set up a conflagration which would extend over the whole country.\nHuang Ti ordered Chu Jung to fight Hui Lu and also to subdue the rebel Chih Yu. Chu Jung had a large bracelet of pure gold\u2014a most wonderful and effective weapon. He hurled it into the air, and it fell on Hui Lu\u2019s neck, throwing him to the ground and rendering him incapable of moving. Finding resistance impossible, he asked mercy from his victor and promised to be his follower in the spiritual contests. Subsequently he always called himself Huo-shih Chih T\u2019u, \u2018the Disciple of the Master of Fire.\u2019\nShen Nung, the God of Agriculture, also adds to his other functions those appertaining to the God of Fire, the reason being that when he succeeded the Emperor Fu Hsi on the throne he adopted fire as the emblem of his government, just as Huang Ti adopted the symbol of Earth. Thus he came to be called Huo Ti, the \u2018Fire-emperor.\u2019 He taught his subjects the use of fire for smelting metals and making implements and weapons, and the use of oil in lamps, etc. All the divisions of his official hierarchy were connected in some way with this element; thus, there were the Ministers of Fire generally, the officers of Fire of the North, South, etc. Becoming thus doubly the patron of fire, a second fire symbol (huo) was added to his name, changing it from Huo Ti, \u2018Fire-emperor,\u2019 to Yen Ti, \u2018Blazing Emperor,\u2019 p. 240\n240:1 See Chapter XII.","title":"Myths and Legends of China: Chapter VIII. Myths of Fire","type":"page"}