{"collection":"chr","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/browse/chr/ecf/106/1060295.htm","path":"chr/ecf/106/1060295.htm","source_url":"https://sacred-texts.com/chr/ecf/106/1060295.htm","text":"On the words of the Gospel, John v. 19, \u201cThe Son can do nothing of Himself, but what He seeth the Father doing.\u201d\n1. The mysteries and secrets of the kingdom of God first seek for believing men, that they may make them understanding. For faith is understanding\u2019s step; and understanding faith\u2019s attainment. 3739 This the Prophet expressly says to all who prematurely and in undue order look for understanding, and neglect faith. For he says, \u201cUnless ye believe, ye shall not understand.\u201d 3740 Faith itself then also hath a certain light of its own in the Scriptures, in Prophecy, in the Gospel, in the Lessons of the Apostles. For all these things which are read to us in this present time, are lights in a dark place, that we may be nourished up unto the day. The Apostle Peter says, \u201cWe have a more sure word of prophecy, whereunto ye do well that ye take heed, as unto a light in a dark place, until the day dawn, and the day-star arise in your hearts.\u201d 3741\n2. Ye see then, Brethren, how exceedingly unregulated and disordered in their haste are they who like immature conceptions seek an untimely birth before the birth; who say to us, \u201cWhy dost thou bid me believe what I do not see? Let me see something that I may believe. Thou biddest me believe whilst yet I see not; I wish to see, and by seeing to believe, not by hearing.\u201d Let the Prophet speak. \u201cUnless ye believe, ye shall not understand.\u201d Thou wishest to ascend, and dost forget the steps. Surely, out of all order. O man, if I could show thee already what thou mightest see, I should not exhort thee to believe.\n3. Faith 3742 then, as it has been elsewhere dep. 482 fined, is \u201cthe firm support of those who hope, 3743 the evidence of things which are not seen.\u201d 3744 If they are not seen, how are they evidenced to be? What! Whence are these things which thou seest, but from That which thou seest not? To be sure thou dost see somewhat that thou mayest believe somewhat, and from that thou seest, mayest believe what thou seest not. Be not ungrateful to Him who hath made thee see, whereby thou mayest be able to believe what as yet thou canst not see. God hath given thee eyes in the body, reason in the heart; arouse the reason of the heart, wake up the interior inhabitant of thine interior eyes, let it take to its windows, examine the creature of God. For there is one within who sees by the eyes. For when thy thoughts within thee are on any other subject, and the inhabitant within is turned away, the things which are before thine eyes thou seest not. For to no purpose are the windows open, when he who looks through them is away. It is not then the eyes that see, but some one sees by the eyes; awake him, arouse him. For this hath not been denied thee; God hath made thee a rational animal, set thee over the cattle, formed thee after His Own image. Oughtest thou to use them as the cattle do; only to see what to add to thy belly, not to thy soul? Stir up, I say, the eye of reason, use thine eyes as a man should, consider the heaven and earth, the ornaments of the heaven, the fruitfulness of the earth, the flight of the birds, the swimming of the fish, the virtue 3745 of the seeds, the order of the seasons; consider the works, and seek for the Author; take a view of what thou seest, and seek Him whom thou seest not. Believe on Him whom thou seest not, because of these things which thou seest. And lest thou think that it is with mine own words that I have exhorted thee; hear the Apostle saying, \u201cFor the invisible things of God from the creation of the world are clearly seen by those things which are made.\u201d 3746\n4. These things thou disregardedst, nor didst look upon them as a man, but as an irrational animal. The Prophet cried out to thee, and cried in vain. \u201cBe ye not like to horse and mule, which have no understanding.\u201d 3747 These things I say thou didst see, and disregard. God\u2019s daily miracles were disesteemed, not for their easiness, but their constant repetition. For what is more difficult to understand than a man\u2019s birth, that one who was in existence should by dying depart into darkness, 3748 and that one who was not, by being born should come forth to light? 3749 What so marvellous, what so difficult to comprehend? But with God easy to be done. Marvel at these things, awake; at His unusual works, thou canst wonder, are they greater than those which thou art accustomed to see? Men wondered that our Lord God Jesus Christ filled so many thousands with five loaves; 3750 and they do not wonder that through a few grains the whole earth is filled with crops. When the water was made wine, 3751 men saw it, and were amazed; what else takes place with the rain along the root of the vine? He did the one, He does the other; the one that thou mayest be fed, the other that thou mayest wonder. But both are wonderful, for both are the works of God. Man sees unusual things, and wonders; whence is the man himself who wonders? where was he? whence came he forth? whence the fashion of his body? whence the distinction of his limbs? whence that beautiful form? from what beginnings? what contemptible beginnings? And he wonders at other things, when he the wonderer is himself a great wonder. Whence then are these things which thou seest but from Him whom thou seest not? But as I had begun to say, because these things were disesteemed by thee, He came Himself to do unusual things, that in these usual ones too thou mightest acknowledge thy Creator. 3752 He came to Whom it is said, \u201cRenew signs.\u201d 3753 To Whom it is said, \u201cShow forth Thy marvellous mercies.\u201d 3754 For dispensing them He ever was; He dispensed them, and no one marvelled. Therefore came He a Little one to the little, He came a Physician to the sick, who was able to come when He would, to return when He would, to do whatsoever He would, to judge as He would. And this, His will, is very righteousness; yea what He willeth, I say, is very righteousness. For that is not unrighteous which He willeth, nor can that be right which He willeth not. He came to raise the dead, men marvelling that He restored a man to the light who was in light already, He who day by day bringeth forth to the light those who were not.\n5. These things He did, yet was He despised by the many, who considered not so much what great things He did, as how small He was; as though they said within themselves, \u201cThese are divine things, but He is a man.\u201d Two things then thou seest, divine works, and a man. If divine works cannot be wrought but by God, take heed lest in This Man God lie concealed. Attend, I say, to what thou seest, believe what thou seest not. He hath not abandoned thee, who hath called thee to believe; though He enjoin thee to believe that which thou canst not see: yet hath He not given thee up to see nothing whereby thou mayest be able to believe what thou dost not see. Is the creation itself a small p. 483 sign, a small indication of the Creator? He also came, He did miracles. Thou couldest not see God, a man thou couldest; so God was made Man, that in One thou mightest have both what to see, and what to believe. \u201cIn the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.\u201d 3755 Thus thou hearest, and as yet seest not. Lo, He comes, lo, He is born, lo, He comes forth of a woman, who made man and woman. He who made man and woman was not made by man and woman. For thou wouldest peradventure have been likely to despise Him for being born, the manner of His birth canst thou not despise; for He ever was before that He was born. Lo, I say, He took a Body, He was clothed in Flesh, He came forth from the womb. 3756 Dost thou now see? seest thou now, I say? I ask as to the Flesh, but I point out as to That Flesh; something thou seest, and something thou seest not. Lo, in this very Birth, there are at once two things, one which thou mayest see, and another thou mayest not see; but so that by this which thou seest, thou mayest believe that which thou seest not. Thou hadst begun to despise, because thou seest Him who was born; believe what thou dost not see, that He was born of a virgin. \u201cHow trifling a person,\u201d says one, \u201cis he who was born!\u201d But how great is He who was of a virgin born! And He who was born of a virgin brought thee a temporal miracle; He was not born of a father, of any man, I mean, His father, yet was He born of the flesh. But let it not seem impossible to thee, that He was born by His mother only, Who made man before father and mother.\n6. He brought thee then a temporal miracle, that thou mayest seek and admire Him who is Eternal. For He \u201cwho came forth as a Bridegroom out of His chamber,\u201d 3757 that is, out of the virgin\u2019s womb, where the holy nuptials were celebrated of the Word and the Flesh: He brought, I say, a temporal miracle; but He is Himself eternal, He is coeternal with the Father, He it is, who \u201cIn the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.\u201d 3758 He did for thee whereby thou mightest be cured, that thou mightest be able to see what thou didst not see. What thou despisest in Christ, is not yet the contemplation of him that is made whole, but the medicine of the sick. Do not hasten to the vision of the whole. The Angels see, the Angels rejoice, the Angels feed Thereon and live; Whereon they feed faileth not, nor is their food minished. In the thrones of glory, in the regions of the heavens, in the parts which are above the heavens, the Word is seen by the Angels, and is their Joy; is their Food, and endureth. But in order that man might eat Angel\u2019s Bread, the Lord of Angels became Man. This is our Salvation, the Medicine of the infirm, the Food of the whole.\n7. And He spake to men, and said what ye have now heard, \u201cThe Son can do nothing of Himself, but what He seeth the Father do.\u201d 3759 Is there now any one, think we, that understandeth this? Is there any one, think we, in whom the eye-salve of the flesh hath now its effect to the discerning in any fashion the brightness of the Divinity? He hath spoken, let us speak too; He, because the Word; we, because of the Word. And why speak we, howsoever we do it, of the Word? Because we were made by the Word after the likeness of the Word. As far then as we are capable of, as far as we can be partakers of that ineffableness, let us also speak, and let us not be contradicted. For our faith hath gone before, so that we may say, \u201cI believed, therefore have I spoken.\u201d 3760 I speak then that which I believe; whether or no I also see, or howsoever I see; He seeth rather; ye cannot see it. But when I shall have spoken, whether he who sees what I speak of, believe that I see too what I have spoken of, or whether he believe it not, what is that to me? Let him only really 3761 see, and let him believe what he will of me.\n8. \u201cThe Son can do nothing of Himself, but what He seeth the Father do.\u201d Here rises up an error of the Arians; but it rises up that it may fall; because it is not humbled, that it may rise. What is it which hath set thee 3762 off? Thou wouldest say that the Son is less than the Father. For thou hast heard, \u201cThe Son can do nothing of Himself, but what He seeth the Father do.\u201d From this thou wouldest have the Son called less; it is this I know, I know it is this hath set thee off; believe that He is not less, thou canst not as yet see it, believe, this is what I was saying a little while ago. \u201cBut how,\u201d you will say, \u201cam I to believe against His own words\u201d? He saith Himself, \u201cThe Son can do nothing of Himself, but what He seeth the Father do.\u201d Attend too to that which follows; \u201cFor what things soever the Father doeth, the same also doeth the Son likewise;\u201d He did not say, \u201csuch things,\u201d Beloved, consider a while, that ye cause not confusion 3763 to yourselves. There is need of a tranquil heart, a godly and devout faith, a religious earnest attention; attend, not to me the poor vessel, but to Him who putteth the bread in the vessel. Attend then a while. For in all that I have said above in exhorting p. 484 you to faith, that the mind imbued with faith may be capable of understanding, all that has been said has had a pleasing, glad, and easy sound, has cheered your minds, ye have followed it, ye have understood what I said. But what I am now about to say I hope there are some who will understand; yet I fear that all will not understand. And seeing that God hath by the lesson of the Gospel proposed to us a subject to speak upon, and we cannot avoid that which the Master hath proposed; I fear lest haply they who will not understand, who perhaps will be the greater number, should think that I have spoken to them in vain; but yet because of those who will understand, I do not speak in vain. Let him who understandeth rejoice, let him who doth not understand bear it patiently; what he doth not understand, let him bear, and that he may understand, let him bear delay.\n9. He doth not say then, \u201cWhat things soever the Father doeth, such doeth the Son:\u201d as if the Father doeth some things, and the Son others. For it did seem as though He had meant this when He said above, \u201cThe Son doeth nothing of Himself, but what He seeth the Father do.\u201d Mark; He did not there either say, \u201cBut what He heareth the Father enjoin;\u201d but, \u201cwhat He seeth the Father do.\u201d If then we consult the carnal understanding, or sense rather, He hath set before Him as it were two workmen, 3764 the Father and the Son, the Father working without seeing any, the Son working from seeing the Father. This is still a carnal view. Nevertheless, in order to understand those things which are higher, let us not decline these lower and mean things. First, let us set something before our eyes in this way; let us suppose there are two workmen, father and son. The father has made a chest, which the son could not make, unless he saw the father making it: he keeps his mind on the chest which the father has made, and makes another chest like it, not the same. I put off for a while the words which follow, and now I ask the Arian; \u201cDost thou understand it in the sense of this supposition? Hath the Father done something, which when the Son saw Him do, He too hath done something like it? For do the words by which thou art perplexed seem to have this meaning?\u201d Now He doth not say, \u201cThe Son can do nothing of Himself, but what He heareth the Father enjoin.\u201d But He saith, \u201cThe Son can do nothing of Himself, but what He seeth the Father do.\u201d See, if thou understand it thus; the Father hath done something, and the Son attendeth that He may see what He Himself too hath to do; and that, some other thing like that which the Father had done. This which the Father hath done, by whom hath He done it? If not by the Son, if not by the Word, thou hast incurred the charge of blasphemy against the Gospel. \u201cFor all things were made by Him.\u201d 3765 So then what the Father had done, He had done by the Word; if by the Word He had done it, He had done it by the Son. Who then is that other who attends, that He may do some other thing which he seeth the Father do? Ye have not been wont to say that the Father hath two sons: there is One, One Only-Begotten of Him. But through His mercy, Alone as regards His Divinity and not Alone as regards the inheritance. The Father hath made coheirs with His Only Son; not begotten them like Him of His Own Substance, but adopted them by Him out of His Own family. For \u201cwe have been called,\u201d as Holy Scripture testifieth, \u201cinto the adoption of sons.\u201d 3766\n10. What then sayest thou? It is the Only Son Himself That speaketh; the Only-Begotten Son speaketh in the Gospel: the Word Himself hath given us the words, we have heard Himself saying, \u201cThe Son can do nothing of Himself, but what He seeth the Father do.\u201d Now then the Father doeth that the Son may see what to do; and nevertheless the Father doeth nothing but by the Son. Assuredly thou art confused, thou heretic, assuredly thou art confused; but thy confusion is as from taking hellebore, that thou mayest be cured. Even now thou canst not find thine own self, thou dost even thyself condemn thine own judgment and thy carnal view, I think. Put behind thee the eyes of the flesh, raise up what eyes thou hast in thine heart, behold things divine. They are men\u2019s words it is true thou hearest, and by a man, by the Evangelist, by the Gospel thou hearest men\u2019s words, as a man; but it is of the Word of God thou hearest, that thou mayest hear what is human, come to know what is Divine. The Master hath given trouble, that He might instruct; hath sown a difficulty, 3767 that He might excite an earnest attention. \u201cThe Son can do nothing of Himself, but what He seeth the Father do.\u201d It might follow 3768 that He should say, \u201cFor what things soever the Father doeth, the like doeth the Son.\u201d This He doth not say; but, \u201cWhat things soever the Father doeth, the same doeth the Son likewise.\u201d The Father doeth not some things, the Son other things; because all things that the Father doeth, He doeth by the Son. The Son raised Lazarus; did not the Father raise him? 3769 The Son gave sight to the blind man; did not the Father give him sight? 3770 The Father by the Son in the Holy Ghost. It is the Trinity; but the Operation of p. 485 the Trinity is One, the Majesty One, the Eternity One, the Coeternity One, and the Works the Same. The Father doth not create some men, the Son others, the Holy Ghost others; the Father and the Son and the Holy Ghost create one and the same man; and the Father and the Son and the Holy Ghost, One God, createth him.\n11. You observe a Plurality of Persons, but acknowledge the Unity of the Divinity. For because of the Plurality of Persons it was said, \u201cLet Us make man after Our image and likeness.\u201d He did not say, \u201cI will make man, and do Thou attend when I am making him, that Thou too mayest be able to make another.\u201d \u201cLet Us make,\u201d He saith; I hear the Plurality; \u201cafter Our image;\u201d 3771 again I hear the Plurality. Where then is the Singularity of the Divinity? Read what follows, \u201cAnd God made man.\u201d 3772 It is said, \u201cLet Us make man;\u201d and it is not said, \u201cThe Gods made man.\u201d The Unity is understood in that it was said, \u201cGod made man.\u201d\n12. Where then is that carnal view? 3773 Be it confounded, hidden, brought to nought; let the Word of God speak to us. Even now as godly men, as believing already, as already imbued with faith, and having gotten some attainment 3774 of understanding, turn we to the Word Himself, to the Fountain of light, and let us say together, \u201cO Lord, the Father doeth ever the same things as Thou; for that whatsoever the Father doeth, by Thee He doeth it. We have heard that Thou art the Word in the beginning; 3775 we have not seen, but believed. There too have we heard what follows, that \u2018all things were made by Thee.\u2019 3776 All things then that the Father doeth, He doeth by Thee. Therefore Thou doest the same things as the Father. Why then didst Thou wish to say, \u2018The Son can do nothing of Himself\u2019? For I see a certain equality in Thee with the Father, in that I hear, \u2018What things soever the Father doeth, the same doeth the Son;\u2019 I recognise an equality, hereby I understand, and comprehend as far as I am able, \u2018I and My Father are One.\u2019 3777 What meaneth it, that Thou canst do nothing, but what Thou seest the Father do? What meaneth this?\u201d\n13. Peradventure He would say to me, yea say to us all: \u201cNow as to this that I have said, \u2018The Son can do nothing, but what He seeth the Father do;\u2019 My \u2018Seeing\u2019 how dost thou understand? My \u2018Seeing,\u2019 what is it? Put aside for a while the form of the servant which He took for thy sake. For in that servant\u2019s form our Lord had eyes and ears in the Flesh, and that human form was the same figure of a Body, such as we bear, the same outlines of members. That Flesh had come from Adam: but He was not as Adam. So then the Lord walking whether on the earth or in the sea, as it pleased Him, as He would, for whatever He would, He could; looked at what He would; He fixed His eyes, He saw; He turned away His eyes, and did not see; who followed was behind Him, whoso could be seen, before Him; with the eyes of His Body, He saw only what was before Him. But from His Divinity nothing was hid. Put aside, put aside, I say, for a while the form of the servant, look at the Form of God in which He was before the world was made; in which He was equal to the Father; hereby receive and understand what He saith to thee, \u2018Who being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God.\u2019 3778 There see Him if thou canst, that thou mayest be able to see what His \u2018Seeing\u2019 is.\u201d \u201cIn the beginning was the Word.\u201d How doth the Word see? Hath the Word eyes, or are our eyes found in Him, the eyes not of the flesh, but the eyes of godly hearts? For, \u201cBlessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God.\u201d 3779\n14. Christ thou seest Man and God; He doth manifest to thee the Man, God He reserveth for thee. Now see how He reserveth God for thee, who doth manifest Himself to thee as Man. \u201cWhoso loveth Me,\u201d saith He, \u201ckeepeth My commandments; whoso loveth Me shall be loved of My Father, and I will love him.\u201d 3780 And as if it were asked, \u201cWhat wilt Thou give to him whom Thou lovest?\u201d \u201cAnd I will manifest Myself,\u201d saith He, \u201cto him.\u201d What meaneth this, Brethren? He whom they saw already, promised that He would manifest Himself to them. To whom? Those by whom He was seen, or those also by whom He was not seen? Thus speaking to a certain Apostle, who asked to see the Father, that it might suffice him, and said, \u201cShow us the Father, and it sufficeth us\u201d 3781 \u2014Then He standing before this servant\u2019s eyes, in the form of a servant, reserving for his eyes when 3782 deified 3783 the Form of God, saith to him, \u201cHave I been so long time with you, and have ye not known Me? He that seeth Me, seeth the Father also.\u201d Thou askest to see the Father; see Me, thou seest Me, and dost not see Me. Thou seest what for thee I have assumed, thou dost not see What I have reserved for thee. Give ear to My commandments, purify thine eyes. \u201cFor whoso loveth p. 486 Me, keepeth My commandments, and I will love him.\u201d To him as keeping My commandments, and by My commandments made whole will I manifest Myself.\n15. If then, Brethren, we are not able to see what the \u201cSeeing\u201d of the Word is, whither are we going? what Vision it may be with too great haste are we requiring? why are we wishing to have shown us what we are not able to see? These things accordingly are spoken of which we desire to see, not as what we are able already to comprehend. For if thou seest the \u201cSeeing\u201d of the Word, peradventure in that thou seest the \u201cSeeing\u201d of the Word, thou wilt see the Word Himself; that the Word may not be one thing, the \u201cSeeing\u201d of the Word another, lest there be Therein anything joined, and coupled, and double, and compacted. For It is something Simple, of a Simplicity ineffable. Not as with a man, the man is one thing, the man\u2019s seeing another. For sometimes a man\u2019s seeing is extinguished, and the man remains. This it is of which I said that I was about to say something which all would not be able to understand; the Lord even grant that some may have understood. My Brethren, to this end doth He exhort us, that we may see, that the \u201cSeeing\u201d of the Word is beyond our powers; for they are small; be they nourished, perfected. Whereby? By the commandments. What commandments? \u201cHe that loveth Me, keepeth My commandments.\u201d 3784 What commandments? For already do we wish to increase, to be strengthened, perfected, that we may see the \u201cSeeing\u201d of the Word. Tell us, Lord, now what commandments? \u201cA new commandment I give unto you, that ye love one another.\u201d 3785 This charity then, Brethren, let us draw from the plentifulness of the Fountain, let us receive it; be nourished by it. Receive thou 3786 that whereby thou mayest be able to receive. Let charity give thee birth, let charity nourish thee; charity bring thee to perfection, charity strengthen thee; that thou mayest see this \u201cSeeing\u201d of the Word, that the Word is not one thing and His \u201cSeeing\u201d another, but that the \u201cSeeing\u201d of the Word is the Very Word Himself; and so perhaps thou wilt soon understand that that which is said, \u201cThe Son can do nothing of Himself, but what He seeth the Father do,\u201d is as if He had said, \u201cThe Son would not be, if He had not been born of the Father.\u201d Let this suffice, Brethren; I know that I have said that which perhaps, if meditated upon, may develop itself to many, which oftentimes when expressed in words may chance to be obscured. 3787\nIsa. vii. 9, Sept.\n481:3741 481:3742 482:3743\nSperantium, as St Augustin uniformly reads, Tract. 79 and 95, in Joh. de pecc. mer. ii. 31. St, Ambrose and St. Jerome have the pass.\n482:3744 482:3745 482:3746 482:3747 482:3748 482:3749 482:3750 482:3751 482:3752 482:3753 482:3754\nPs. 17.7, Sept. (xvii. 7, English version).\n483:3755 483:3756\nThe punctuation of the reprint of the Ben. has been followed, \u201cJamne vides jam, inquam, vides? carnem interrogo, sed carnem ostendo.\u201d The Ben. pointed, \u201cvides carnem,\u201d but noted Locus mendosus. The meaning may be, \u201cIt is of His Birth in the Flesh that I enquire, but I point out the mode of that Birth, i.e. of a Virgin.\u201d\n483:3757 483:3758 483:3759 483:3760 483:3761 483:3762 483:3763 484:3764 484:3765 484:3766 484:3767 484:3768 484:3769 484:3770 485:3771 485:3772 485:3773 485:3774 485:3775 485:3776 485:3777 485:3778 485:3779 485:3780 485:3781 485:3782 485:3783\nVid. St. Athanasius, Treatise against Arians, Oxford edit. Nicene Def. ch. iii. 12, \u00a7 14 and Disc. 1, ch. xi. \u00a7 39, p. 336, and note c. Vide St. Augustin, Ps. 49, \u00a7 2.\n486:3784 486:3785 486:3786 486:3787","title":"Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Vol. VI: Sermons on Selec...","type":"page"}