{"collection":"chr","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/browse/chr/ecf/111/1110044.htm","path":"chr/ecf/111/1110044.htm","source_url":"https://sacred-texts.com/chr/ecf/111/1110044.htm","text":"\u201cAnd when they heard of the resurrection of the dead, some mocked: and others said, We will hear thee again of this matter. So Paul departed from among them. Howbeit certain men clave unto him, and believed: among the which was Dionysius the Areopagite and a woman named Damaris, and others with them. After these things Paul departed from Athens, and came to Corinth.\u201d\nWhat can be the reason that, having persuaded (some so far as to say) that they would hear him again, and there being no dangers, Paul is so in haste to leave Athens? Probably he knew that he should do them no great good; moreover he was led by the Spirit to Corinth. 904 (b) For the Athenians, although fond of hearing strange things, nevertheless did not attend (to him); for this was not their study, but only to be always having something to say; which was the cause that made them hold off from him. But if this was their custom, how is it that they accuse him, \u201che seemeth to be a setter forth of strange gods?\u201d (Acts 17.18.) Yes, but these were matters they did not at all know what to make of. Howbeit, he did convert both Dionysius the Areopagite, and some others. For those who were careful of (right) living, quickly received the word; but the others not so. It seemed to Paul sufficient to have cast the seeds of the doctrines. (a) To Corinth then, as I said, he was led by the Spirit, in which city he was to abide. (c) \u201cAnd having found a certain Jew named Aquila, of Pontus by birth, lately come from Italy\u201d\u2014for the greater part of his life had been passed there\u2014\u201cand Priscilla his wife, because that Claudius had commanded all the Jews to depart from Rome.\u201d (Acts 18.2.) For though it was in the reign of Nero that the war against the Jews was consummated, yet from the time of Claudius and thenceforward it was fanning up, at a distance indeed, 905 so that, were it but so, they might come to their senses, and from Rome they were now driven as common pests. This is why it is so ordered by Providence that Paul was led thither as a prisoner, that he might not as a Jew be driven away, but as acting under military custody might even be guarded there. (Having found these,) \u201che came to them, and because he was of the same craft, he abode with them and wrought: for by occupation they were tent-makers.\u201d (Acts 18.3.) Lo, what a justification he found for dwelling in the same house with them! For because here, of all places, it was necessary that he should not receive, as he himself says, \u201cThat wherein they glory, they may be found, even as we\u201d (2 Cor. xi. 12), it is providentially ordered that he there abides. \u201cAnd he reasoned in the synagogue every sabbath, and persuaded the Jews and the Greeks. And when Silas and Timotheus were come from Macedonia, Paul was straitened in the word, 906 testifying to the Jews that Jesus is the Christ.\u201d (Acts 18:4, 5.) \u201cAnd when the Jews opposed and blasphemed,\u201d i.e. they tried to bear him down (\u1f10\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd), they set upon him\u2014What then does Paul? He separates from them, and in a very awful manner: and though he does not now say, \u201cIt was need that the word should be spoken unto you,\u201d yet he darkly intimates it to them:\u2014\u201cand when they opposed themselves, and blasphemed, he shook his raiment, and said unto them, Your blood be upon your own heads; I am clean: from henceforth I will go unto the Gentiles.\u201d (Acts 18.6.) \u201cAnd he departed thence, and entered into a certain man\u2019s house, named Justus, one that worshipped God, whose house joined hard to the synagogue.\u201d See how having again said, \u201cHenceforth\u2014\u201d for all that, he does not neglect them; so that it was to rouse them that he said this, and thereupon came to Justus, whose house was contiguous to the synagogue, so that 907 even from this they might have jealousy, from the very proximity. \u201cAnd Crispus, the chief ruler of the synagogue, believed on the Lord with all his house.\u201d This also was, of all things, enough to bring them over. \u201cAnd many of the Corinthians hearing believed, and were baptized. Then spake the Lord to Paul in the night by a vision, Be not afraid, but speak, and hold not thy peace: for I am with thee, and no man shall set on thee to hurt thee: for I have much people in this city.\u201d (Acts 18.8-10.) See by how many reasons He persuades him, and how He puts last the reason which of all others most prevailed with him, \u201cI have much people in this city.\u201d Then how was it, you may ask, that they set upon him? And 908 yet, the writer tells us, they prevailed nothing, but brought him to the proconsul. \u201cAnd he continued there a year and six months, teaching the word of God among them. And when Gallio was proconsul of Achaia, the Jews made insurrection with one accord against Paul, and brought him to the judgment-seat.\u201d (Acts 18:11, 12.) Do you mark why those men were ever contriving to give a public turn to the misdemeanors (they accused them of)? Thus see here: (b) \u201cSaying, This fellow seduceth men contrary to the law to worship God. And when Paul was about to open his mouth, Gallio said: If indeed it were any wrong-doing or wicked lewdness, O ye Jews, reason would that I should bear with you. But if it be a question of words and names, and of your law, look ye to it; for I will be no judge of such matters. And he drave them from the judgment-seat.\u201d (Acts 18.13-16.) This Gallio seems to me to have been a sensible man. (a) Thus observe, when these had said, \u201cAgainst the law he seduceth men to worship God,\u201d he \u201ccared for none of these things:\u201d and observe how he answers them: \u201cIf indeed it were\u201d any matter affecting the city, \u201cany wrong-doing or wicked lewdness,\u201d etc. (c) \u201cThen all the Jews 909 took Sosthenes the ruler of the synagogue, and beat him before the judgment-seat: and Gallio cared for none of these things\u201d (Acts 18.17): but their beating him he did not take as an insult to himself. So petulant were the Jews. But let us look over again what has been said.\n(Recapitulation.) \u201cAnd when they heard,\u201d (Acts 17.32) what great and lofty doctrines, they did not even attend, but jeered at the Resurrection! \u201cFor the natural man,\u201d it saith, \u201creceiveth not the things of the Spirit.\u201d (1 Cor. ii. 14.) \u201cAnd so,\u201d it says, \u201cPaul went forth.\u201d (Acts 17.33.) How? Having persuaded some; derided by others. \u201cBut certain men,\u201d it says, \u201cclave unto him, and believed, among whom was also Dionysius the Areopagite and some others.\u201d 910 (Acts 17.34.) \u201cAnd after these things,\u201d etc. \u201cAnd having found a certain Jew by name Aquila, of Pontus by birth, lately come from Italy, because that Claudius had ordered all Jews to depart from Rome, he came to them, and because he was of the same craft, he abode with them, and wrought: for by their occupation they were tent-makers.\u201d (Acts 18.1-3.) Being of Pontus, this Aquila * * * . 911 Observe how, not in Jerusalem, nor near it (the crisis), was hasting to come, but at a greater distance. And with him he abides, and is not ashamed to abide, nay, for this very reason he does abide, as having a suitable lodging-place, for to him it was much more suitable than any king\u2019s palace. And smile not thou, beloved, to hear (of his occupation). For (it was good for him) even as to the athlete the pal\u00e6stra is more useful than delicate carpets; so to the warrior the iron sword (is useful), not that of gold. \u201cAnd wrought,\u201d though he preached. Let us be ashamed, who though we have no preaching to occupy us, live in idleness. \u201cAnd he disputed in the synagogue every sabbath day, and persuaded both Jews and Greeks\u201d (Acts 18.4): but \u201cwhen they opposed and blasphemed\u201d he withdrew, by this expecting to draw them more. For wherefore having left that house did he come to live hard by the synagogue? was it not for this? For it was not that he saw any danger here. But therefore it is that Paul having testified to them\u2014not teaches now, but testifies\u2014\u201chaving shaken his garments,\u201d to terrify them not by word only but by action, \u201csaid unto them, Your blood be upon your own heads\u201d (Acts 18.6): he speaks the more vehemently as having already persuaded many. \u201cI,\u201d says he, \u201cam clean.\u201d Then we also are accountable for the blood of those entrusted to us, if we neglect them. \u201cFrom this time forth I will go to the Gentiles.\u201d So that also when he says, \u201cHenceforth let no man trouble me\u201d (Gal. vi. 17), he says it to terrify. For not so much did the punishment terrify, as this stung them. \u201cAnd having removed thence he came into the house of one named Justus, that worshipped God, whose house was contiguous to the synagogue\u201d (Acts 18.7), and there abode, by this wishing to persuade them that he was in earnest (\u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f10\u03b8\u03bd\u03b7 \u1f20\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf) to go to the Gentiles. Accordingly, mark immediately the ruler of the synagogue converted, and many others, when he had done this. \u201cCrispus the ruler of the synagogue believed in the Lord, with his whole house: and many of the Corinthians hearing believed, and were baptized.\u201d\u2014(Acts 18.8.) \u201cWith his whole house:\u201d 912 observe the converts in those times doing this with their entire household. This Crispus he means where he writes, \u201cI baptized none save Crispus and Gaius.\u201d (1 Cor. i. 14.) This (same) I take to be called Sosthenes\u2014(evidently) a believer, insomuch that he is beaten, and is always present with Paul. 913 \u201cAnd the Lord said in the night,\u201d etc. Now even the number (of the \u201cmuch people\u201d) persuaded him, but Christ\u2019s claiming them for His own (moved him) more. 914 Yet He says also, \u201cFear not:\u201d for the danger was become greater now, both because more believed, and also the ruler of the synagogue. This was enough to rouse him. Not that he was reproved 915 as fearing; but that he should not suffer aught; \u201cI am with thee, and none shall set upon thee to hurt thee.\u201d (Acts 18:9, 10.) For He did not always permit them to suffer evil, that they might not become too weak. For nothing so grieved Paul, as men\u2019s unbelief and setting themselves (against the Truth): this was worse than the dangers. Therefore it is that (Christ) appears to him now. \u201cAnd he continued a year and six months,\u201d etc. (Acts 18.11.) After the year and six months, they set upon him. \u201cAnd when Gallio was proconsul of Achaia,\u201d etc. (Acts 18:12, 13), because they had no longer the use of their own laws. 916 (c) And observe how prudent he is: for he does not say straightway, I care not, but, \u201cIf,\u201d says he, \u201cit were a matter of wrong-doing or wicked lewdness, O ye Jews, reason would that I should bear with you; but if it be a question of doctrine and words and of your law, see ye to it, for I do not choose to be a judge of such matters.\u201d (Acts 18:14, 15.) (g) He taught 917 them that not such are the matters which crave a judicial sentence, but they do all things out of order. And he does not say, It is not my duty, but, \u201cI do not choose,\u201d that they may not trouble him again. Thus Pilate said in the case of Christ, \u201cTake ye Him, and judge him according to your law.\u201d (John xviii. 31.) But they were just like men drunken and mad. (d) \u201cAnd he drave them from the judgment-seat\u201d (Acts 18.16)\u2014he effectually closed the tribunal against them. \u201cThen all\u201d (the Jews) \u201chaving seized Sosthenes the ruler of the synagogue, beat him before the judgment-seat. And Gallio cared for none of these things.\u201d (Acts 18.17). (a) This thing, of all others, set them on (to this violence)\u2014their persuasion that the governor would not even let himself down (to notice it). (e) It was a splendid victory. O the shame they were put to! (b) For it is one thing to have come off victorious from a controversy, and another for those to learn that he cared nothing for the affair. (f) \u201cAnd Gallio cared for none of these things:\u201d and yet the whole was meant as an insult to him! But, forsooth, as if they had received authority (they did this). Why did he (Sosthenes), though he also had authority, not beat (them)? But they were (otherwise) trained: so that the judge should learn which party was more reasonable. This was no small benefit to those present\u2014both the reasonableness of these, and the audacity of those. (h) 918 He was beaten, and said nothing.\nThis man let us also imitate: to them that beat us, let us return blow for blow, by meekness, by silence, by long-suffering. More grievous these wounds, greater this blow, and more heavy. For to show that it is not the receiving a blow in the body that is grievous, but the receiving it in the mind, we often smite people, but since it is in the way of friendship, they are even pleased: but if you smite any indifferent person in an insolent manner, you have pained him exceedingly, because you have touched his heart. So let us smite their heart. But that meekness inflicts a greater blow than fierceness, come, let us prove, so far as that is possible, by words. For the sure proof indeed is by acts and by experience: but if you will, let us also make the enquiry by word, though indeed we have often made it already. Now in insults, nothing pains us so much, as the opinion passed by the spectators; for it is not the same thing to be insulted in public and in private, but those same insults we endure even with ease, when we suffer them in a solitary place, and with none by to witness them, or know of them. So true is it that it is not the insult, as it is in itself, that mortifies us, but the having to suffer it in the sight of all men: since if one should do us honor in the sight of all men, and insult us in private, we shall notwithstanding even feel obliged to him. The pain then is not in the nature of the insult, but in the opinion of the beholders; that one may not seem to be contemptible. What then, if this opinion should be in our favor? Is not the man attempting to disgrace us himself more disgraced, when men give their opinion in our favor? Say, whom do the bystanders despise? Him who insults, or him who being insulted keeps silence? Passion indeed suggests, that they despise him who is insulted: but let us look into it now while we are free from that excitement, in order that we may not be carried away when the time comes. Say, whom do we all condemn? Plainly the man who insults: and if he be an inferior, we shall say that he is even mad; if an equal, that he is foolish; if a superior, still we shall not approve of it. For which man, I ask, is worthy of approval, the man who is excited, who is tossed with a tempest of passion, who is infuriated like a wild beast, who demeans himself in this sort against our common nature, or he who lives in a state of calm, in a haven of repose, and in virtuous equanimity? Is not the one like an angel, the other not even like a man? For the one cannot even bear his own evils, while the other bears even those of others also: here, the man cannot even endure himself; there, he endures another too: the one is in danger of shipwreck, the other sails in safety, his ship wafted along the favoring gales: for he has not suffered the squall of passion to catch his sails and overturn the bark of his understanding: but the breath of a soft and sweet air fanning upon it, the breath of forbearance, wafts it with much tranquillity into the haven of wise equanimity. And like as when a ship is in danger of found\u00e8ring, the sailors know not what they cast away, whether what they lay hands upon be their own or other men\u2019s property, but they throw overboard all the contents without discrimination, alike the precious and what is not such: but when the storm has ceased, then reckoning up all that they have thrown out, they shed tears, and are not sensible of the calm for the loss of what they have thrown overboard: so here, when passion blows hard, and the storm is raised, people in flinging out their words know not how to use order or fitness; but when the passion has ceased, then recalling to mind what kind of words they have given utterance to, they consider the loss and feel not the quiet, when they remember the words by which they have disgraced themselves, and sustained most grievous loss, not as to money, but as to character for moderation and gentleness. Anger is a darkness. \u201cThe fool,\u201d saith Scripture, \u201chath said in his heart, There is no God.\u201d (Ps. xiii. 1.) Perhaps also of the angry man it is suitable to say the same, that the angry man hath said, There is no God. For, saith Scripture, \u201cThrough the multitude of his anger he will not seek\u201d (after God). 919 (Ps. x. 4.) For let what pious thought will enter in, (passion) thrusts and drives all out, flings all athwart. (b) When you are told, that he whom you abused uttered not one bitter word, do you not for this feel more pain than you have inflicted? (a) If you in your own mind do not feel more pain than he whom you have abused, abuse still; (but) though there be none to call you to account, the judgment of your conscience, having taken you privately, shall give you a thousand lashes, (when you think) how you poured out a flood of railings on one so meek, and humble, and forbearing. We are forever saying these things, but we do not see them exhibited in works. You, a human being, insult your fellow-man? You, a servant, your fellow-servant? But why do I wonder at this, when many even insult God? Let this be a consolation to you when suffering insult. Are you insulted? God also is insulted. Are you reviled? God also was reviled. Are you treated with scorn? Why, so was our Master also. In these things He shares with us, but not so in the contrary things. For He never insulted another unjustly: God forbid! He never reviled, never did a wrong. So that we are those who share with Him, not ye. For to endure when insulted is God\u2019s part: to be merely abusive, is the part of the devil. See the two sides. \u201cThou hast a devil\u201d (John 7:20, John 18:22John vii. 20; ib. xviii. 22), Christ was told: He received a blow on the face from the servant of the high-priest. They who wrongfully insult, are in the same class with these. For if Peter was even called \u201cSatan\u201d (Matt. xvi. 23) for one word; much 920 more shall these men, when they do the works of the Jews, be called, as those were called, \u201cchildren of the devil\u201d (John viii. 44), because they wrought the works of the devil. You insult; who are you, I ask (that you do so)? Nay, rather the reason why you insult, is this, that you are nothing: no one that is human insults. So that what is said in quarrels, \u201cWho are you?\u201d ought to be put in the contrary way: \u201cInsult: for you are nothing.\u201d Instead of that the phrase is, \u201cWho are you, that you insult?\u201d \u201cA better man than you,\u201d is the answer. And yet it is just the contrary: but because we put the question amiss, therefore they answer amiss: so that the fault is ours. For as if we thought it was for great men to insult, therefore we ask, \u201cWho are you, that you insult?\u201d And therefore they make this answer.\nBut, on the contrary, we ought to say: \u201cDo you insult? insult still: for you are nobody:\u201d whereas to those who do not insult this should be said: \u201cWho are you that you insult not?\u2014you have surpassed human nature.\u201d This is nobility, this is generosity, to speak nothing ungenerous, though a man may deserve to have it spoken to him. Tell me now, how many are there who are not worthy to be put to death? Nevertheless, the judge does not this in his own person, but interrogates them; and not this either, in his own person. But if it is not to be suffered, that the judge, sitting in judgment, should (in his own person) speak with a criminal, but he does all by the intervention of a third person, much more is it our duty not to insult our equals in rank; for 921 all the advantage we shall get of them will be, not so much to have disgraced them, as to be made to learn that we have disgraced ourselves. Well then, in the case of the wicked, this is why we must not insult (even them); in the case of the good there is another reason also because they do not deserve it: and for a third, 922 because it is not right to be abusive. But as things are, see what comes of it; the person abused is a man, and the person abusing is a man, and the spectators men. What then? must the beasts come between them and settle matters? for only this is left. For when both the wrong-doers and those who delight in the wrong-doing are men, the part of reconciler is left for the beasts: for just as when the masters quarrel in a house, there is nothing left but for the servants to reconcile them,\u2014even if this be not the result, for the nature of the thing demands this,\u2014just so is it here.\u2014Are you abusive? Well may you be so, for you are not even human. Insolence seemed to be a high-born thing; it seemed to belong to the great; whereas it belongs rather to slaves; but to give good words belongs to free men. For as to do ill is the part of those, so to suffer ill is the part of these.\u2014Just as if some slave should steal the master\u2019s property, some old hag,\u2014such a thing as that is the abusive man. And like as some detestable thief and runaway, 923 with studied purpose stealing in, looks all around him, wishing to filch something: so does this man, even as he, look narrowly at all on every side, studying how to throw out some (reproach). Or perhaps we may set him forth by a different sort of example. Just as if 924 one should steal filthy vessels out of a house, and bring them out in the presence of all men, the things purloined do not so disgrace the persons robbed, as they disgrace the thief himself: just so this man, by bringing out his words in the presence of all men, casts disgrace not on others but on himself by the words, in giving vent to this language, and be-fouling both his tongue and his mind. For it is all one, when we quarrel with bad men, as if one for the sake of striking a man who is immersed in putrefying filth should defile himself by plunging his hands into the nastiness. Therefore, reflecting on these things, let us flee the mischief thence accruing, and keep a clean tongue, that being clear from all abusiveness, we may be enabled with strictness to pass through the life present, and to attain unto the good things promised to those that love Him, through the grace and mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ, with Whom to the Father and the Holy Ghost together be glory, might, honor, now and ever, world without end. Amen.\nHere in mss. and Edd. the order is confused by the insertion of the text Acts 17:34, Acts 18:1, and the transposition of the sentence marked (a), in consequence of which the first sentence of (c) has been misunderstood, as if it meant that St. Paul thought it enough merely to sow the seeds at Athens (\u03c4\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 mod. text Cat. \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd), \u201cbecause the greater part of his life was now passed.\u201d So Cat. is further betrayed into a misconception of the following words \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u039d\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7, adding \u1f41 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2, as if it referred to St. Paul\u2019s martyrdom: and so Ben. mistakes the matter, major\u2019 enim pars vit\u00e6 illius jam (\u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b1) transacta erat. Nam sub Nerone consummatus est, as Erasm. occisus est:\u2019 though the opposition to the \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd N. in the following clause \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03b4\u1f72 \u039a\u03bb., might have obviated this misapprehension.\ni:905\nSee Recapitulation, p. 239, note 1.\ni:906\nA. B. C. \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3: so the best mss. of the Acts, Gr. and Lat. instabat verbo.\ni:907\nA. B. C. \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 (B. om.) \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b6\u03ae\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 (\u03b6\u1fc6\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd C.) \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bd\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2. Cat. has preserved the true reading, \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b6\u1fc6\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd.\ni:908\nThis would be better transposed thus: \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u1f74\u03bd, \u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u1f76\u03bd, \u1f24\u03b3\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8., \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u1fbd \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u1f72\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd. Mod. text, \u201cbut they only brought him,\u201d etc. What follows is confused by the transposition after \u1f45\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b1 of the part (a) beginning with the same words.\ni:909\nThe mss. have \u1f31\u03bf\u1fde\u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 as in some copies of the Acts and Elz., but the best authorities Gr. and Lat. simply \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2. We adopt \u03bf\u1f31 \u1fbd\u0399\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03b9 from the Catena, and Chrys. evidently understood it of the Jews.\ni:910\nHere A. B. C. insert the sentence \u1f45\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba. \u03c4. \u03bb. which mod. text rightly removes to the comment on v. 8, and after it, \u1f45\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u1ff6\u03c2 \u1f41 \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u03cc\u03bd: which unless it means, \u201cSee here the beginning of the judgment on the Jews, the dissolution of their Law, and overthrow of their nation,\u201d of which Chrys. speaks in this sentence, is out of place here, and belongs to the comment on v. 18, i.e. to the beginning of Hom. 40, which in fact opens with these words. So mod. text understands them. \u201cMark how the Law begins to be dissolved from henceforth. For this man, being a Jew, having after these things shorn his head in Cenchrea, goes with Paul into Syria. Being a man of Pontus, not in Jerusalem nor near it did he haste to come, but at a greater distance.\u201d The innovator\u2019s meaning seems to have been, that he shore his head in fulfilment of his vow, not in Jerusalem, nor near Jerusalem, but at a greater distance, viz. in Cenchrea.\u201d But St. Chrys. is here commenting on Claudius\u2019 edict (see above, p. 240, on v. 2): \u201cSee here the beginning of the judgment on the Jews: it was hasting to come, but it began not in Jerusalem, nor in Palestine, but at a greater distance\u2014at Rome, in this edict of the Emperor: \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f10\u03bd \u1ffe\u0399\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2, \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u1f72 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03bd \u1f14\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u1f10\u03bb\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u1f70 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9.\u201d\ni:911\nThe sentence may be completed with: \u201chad spent the greater part of his life at Rome,\u201d etc.; see above, p. 236, but the copyist make \u03bf\u1f57\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 nom. to \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f14\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u1f10\u03bb\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd.\ni:912\nTo this clause, mod. text rightly refers the comment, \u1f45\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f41\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5, which the original text has after \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f15\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 of xvii. 34.\ni:913\nThere is no sufficient ground for the supposition of Chrys. that the Sosthenes here mentioned was a Christian and the same who is saluted in 1 Cor. i. 1. On the contrary, he was the leader of the Jewish party who persecuted the ruler of the synagogue, perhaps the successor of Crispus who had become a Christian. The reading \u03bf\u1f31 \u1fbd\u0399\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03b9 of some inferior mss. in Acts 18.17 which is followed by Chrys. would easily give rise to this misconception. The true text is most probably \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, meaning the officers of the governor. The representatives of the Roman government, then, attacked Sosthenes, the leader of the party which was persecuting Paul. Thus their effort ended in failure. And so indifferent was Gallio that he in no way interfered. Paul\u2019s accusers were thus themselves beaten and the whole effort at prosecution miserably failed.\u2014G.B.S.\ni:914\n\u1f21 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03a7. \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd. Sed familiaritas Christi magis. Ben. Chrys. said above, that the most powerful consideration was this which is put last, \u201cFor I have much people in this city.\u201d The meaning here is, That there was \u201cmuch people\u201d to be converted, was a cheering consideration: that Christ should say, \u03bb\u03b1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd, speaking of them as \u201cHis own,\u201d was the strongest inducement.\ni:915\nB. C. \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f20\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7 \u03c6\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f22 \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f20\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7 \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u1f74 (C. \u03bc\u03b7\u03b4\u1f72) \u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd. A., \u1f45\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bb\u03ad\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7 \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, (which is meant for emendation: \u201cThis was enough to rouse him when it was spoken: but, that he should not suffer,\u201d etc.) Mod. text, \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f20\u03bb. \u03c6\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2, \u1f22 \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f20\u03bb. \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd, \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u1fbd \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b7\u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd. We read \u039f\u1f50\u03ba \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f20\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7 \u1f61\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2. & 244\u00b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u1fbd\u0395\u03b3\u03ce \u03b5\u1f30\u03bc\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6. The accidental omission of \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba may have been corrected in the margin by the gloss \u1f22 \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f20\u03bb. But the sense seems to be otherwise confused by transpositions. \u201cIt is true, even the number, and still more Christ\u2019s \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 of them, prevailed with him. This was enough to rouse him. But Christ begins by saying, \u201cFear not,\u201d etc. And in fact the danger was increased, etc. Not that Paul was reproved as being afraid, etc.\ni:916\nFrom this point to the end of the Exposition all is confused. To make something like connection, it has been necessary to rearrange the parts, but the restoration is still unsatisfactory.\ni:917\n\u039a\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03bd \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c8\u03ae\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5 [\u03bf\u1f50, this we supply,] \u03b4\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u00b7 \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u1f70 \u1f00\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd. Mod. text \u1f10\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b1\u03be\u03b5 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 (\u1f25 \u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1ffe\u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, from f) \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u03b9. \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba. \u03c8\u03ae\u03c6. \u03b4\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.\ni:918\nHere, between the parts g and h, the mss. have two sentences retained by Edd. but clearly out of place, unless they form part of a second recapitulation: \u201cTherefore he departed from Athens.\u201d \u201cBecause there was much people here.\u201d\ni:919\nPs. x. 4. \u201cThe wicked, through the pride of his countenance, will not,\u201d etc. E.V.\ni:920\nmss. \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u1ff7 \u03bc\u1fb6\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u1f57\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9 \u1fbd\u0399\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f00\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f45\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u1f70 \u1fbd\u0399\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u1ff6\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u1f65\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u03ba\u1f00\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03bd\u03b1, \u1f14\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b7 \u03ba. \u03c4. \u03bb. We omit \u1fbd\u0399\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03b9.\ni:921\n\u03bf\u1f50 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u03bf\u1f55\u03c4\u03c9 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f51\u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd, \u1f61\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03c7\u03b8\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f51\u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u1f11\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2. B. and mod. text \u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f51\u03b2\u03c1., \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4. The \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 om. by A. B. C. Sav. is supplied by mod. text. A has \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c7\u03b8\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, Sav. \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03c7\u03b8\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9. The construction is \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c4\u03af \u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2. \u201cWe may think we have got something, viz. the pleasure of having disgraced them; whereas all that we get, in advance of them, is the being taught that we have disgraced ourselves.\u201d\ni:922\n\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd (om. C.), \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f51\u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f50 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae. This cannot be, \u201cfor a third reason,\u201d or \u201cin the third place,\u201d but seems rather to mean \u201cthe third party\u201d spoken of in the preceding sentence. Perhaps it may mean, As the judge does not himself arraign nor even interrogate the criminal, but by a third person, because the judge must not seem to be an \u1f51\u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u1f74\u03c2, so there is need of a third person, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u1f10\u03bb\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9.\u2026But the whole scope of the argument is very obscure.\ni:923\nOld text: \u1f51\u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u1f74\u03c2, \u03ba\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2\u00b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f61\u03c2 \u1f02\u03bd \u03b5\u1f34\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u1fc7 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03b9\u1f7c\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f51\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03ac\u03b6\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bf\u1f55\u03c4\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bf\u1f57\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u1fd6 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd. We read \u1f51\u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2. \u039a\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f61\u03c2 \u1f02\u03bd \u03b5\u1f34 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1. \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0. \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u1fc7 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03b9\u1f7c\u03bd, \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4. \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb. \u1f51\u03c6. \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bf\u1f55\u03c4\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bf\u1f57\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba. \u1f10\u03ba\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03ac\u03b6\u03c9\u03bd. But it can hardly be supposed that Chrys. thus expressed himself. The purport seems to be this: To be abusive is to behave like a slave, like a foul-mouthed hag. (see p. 200.) And the abusive man, when he is eager to catch at something in your life or manners, the exposure of which may disgrace you, is like a thief who should slink into a house, and pry about for something that he can lay hold of\u2014nay, like one who should purposely look about for the filthiest things he can bring out, and who in so doing disgraces himself more than the owner.\ni:924\nHere again \u1f65\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u1f02\u03bd \u03b5\u1f34\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2, B. for \u1f65\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u1f02\u03bd \u03b5\u1f34 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2, C.\u2014The sentence \u03bf\u1f50\u03c7\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f51\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f94\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd is incomplete; viz. \u201cthe owner, by the exposure of the noisomeness, as the stealer himself who produces it.\u201d","title":"Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Vol. XI: A Commentary on the Acts of the Apostles: Homily XXXIX on Acts xvii. 32-34. xviii. 1.","type":"page"}