{"collection":"etc","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/browse/etc/ml/ml02.htm","path":"etc/ml/ml02.htm","source_url":"https://sacred-texts.com/etc/ml/ml02.htm","text":"Mazes and Labyriths, by W. H. Matthews, [1922]\n| | PAGES | \n| PREFACE | vii-viii | \n| CONTENTS | ix-xiv | \n| LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS | xv-xviii | \n| CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION The Lure of the Labyrinth\u2014Difficulties of Definition\u2014The Subject and Object of this Book\u2014The Lore of the Labyrinth\u2014Some Neglected British Monuments\u2014Destructive Dogmatism: a Plea for Caution | 1-5 | \n| CHAPTER II THE EGYPTIAN LABYRINTH (i) Accounts of the Ancient Writers Enormous Edifices of Egypt\u2014Herodotus: his Account of the Labyrinth, its Vastness and Complexity, and its Lake\u2014Strabo's Description\u2014The Sacred Crocodiles\u2014Accounts of Diodorus, Pomponius Mela, and Pliny | 6-10 | \n| CHAPTER III THE EGYPTIAN LABYRINTH (continued) (ii) Accounts of Later Explorers Decay of the Labyrinth\u2014Travels of Lucas and Pococke\u2014French and Prussian Expeditions\u2014Researches of Flinders Petrie\u2014Speculations regarding Original Plan\u2014Purpose and Date of Construction | 11\u201416 | \n| p. x CHAPTER IV THE CRETAN LABYRINTH (i) The Story of Theseus and the Minotaur Plutarch's Life of Theseus; the Cretan Exploit\u2014The Athenian Tribute\u2014The Labyrinth of Daedalus\u2014The Clue of Ariadne\u2014The Fight with the Minotaur\u2014The Crane Dance\u2014Tragedies of the Hero's Return\u2014Other Accounts of the Legend\u2014Speculations concerning Minos and Daedalus | 17-22 | \n| CHAPTER V THE CRETAN LABYRINTH (continued) (ii) The Caverns of Gortyna\u2014Statements by Later Classic Writers\u2014Tournefort's Voyage\u2014Visits of Pococke and Savary\u2014Cockerell's Diary\u2014Travels of Capt. Spratt\u2014Connection of Gortyna Caverns with Traditional Labyrinth very improbable. | 23-28 | \n| CHAPTER VI THE CRETAN LABYRINTH (continued) (iii) Knossos Explorations of Sir Arthur Evans\u2014Momentous Discoveries\u2014Unearthing of the Palaces\u2014Their Antiquity\u2014Description of the Great Palace\u2014The Maze on the Wall\u2014The Hall of the Double Axes\u2014The Cult of the Bull\u2014Schliemann's Researches\u2014The Sport of Bull-Leaping\u2014Possible Identity of the Palace with the Labyrinth | 29-36 | \n| CHAPTER VII THE ETRUSCAN OR ITALIAN LABYRINTH Other Labyrinths mentioned by Pliny\u2014Varro's Description of the Etruscan Labyrinth; the tomb of Lars Porsena\u2014Speculations regarding it\u2014Travels of Dennis\u2014Labyrinthine Caverns in Etruria; Volterra and Toscanella\u2014Extended use of the term \"Labyrinth\" by Strabo and Pliny\u2014Reference to Mazes formed in Fields for Amusement | 37-41 | \n| p. xi CHAPTER VIII THE LABYRINTH IN ANCIENT ART The Meander and other Rudimentary Forms\u2014Seal-impressions\u2014Coins of Knossos\u2014\"Unicursal\" Nature of the Knossian Design\u2014Graffito of Pompeii\u2014The Casa del Labirinto\u2014Roman Mosaic Pavements\u2014The Tholos of Epidaurus\u2014Labyrinthine Structure at Tiryns\u2014Greek Pottery\u2014Etruscan Vase\u2014The Labyrinth on Gems and Robes | 42-53 | \n| CHAPTER IX CHURCH LABYRINTHS Algeria, Orl\u00e9ansville\u2014Italy: Lucca, Pavia, Piacenza, Cremona, Rome and Ravenna\u2014France: Chartres, St. Quentin, Amiens, Rheims, Bayeux, Sens, Auxerre, Arras, St. Omer, Poitiers, Chalons, Pont l\u2019Abb\u00e9, Caen and Aix\u2014Modern examples: Lille, Ely, Bourn and Alkborough\u2014Meaning of Church Labyrinths\u2014Lack of Support for Accepted Theory | 54-70 | \n| CHAPTER X TURF LABYRINTHS Local Names\u2014The Alkborough \"Julian's Bower\"\u2014Juxtaposition to Ancient Ecclesiastical Site\u2014A Fragment of Folk-lore\u2014De la Pryme's Diary\u2014The Breamore Mizmaze\u2014Romantic Situation\u2014The Wing Maze\u2014The Boughton Green Shepherd's Race\u2014Its Literary References\u2014A Victim of the Great War\u2014Mazes of Ripon and Asenby\u2014The Song of the Fairies\u2014Other Lincolnshire and Yorkshire Mazes\u2014Stukeley on Julian's Bowers\u2014Wide Distribution of British Turf Mazes | 71-78 | \n| CHAPTER XI TURF LABYRINTHS (continued) The Winchester Mizmaze\u2014The Vanished Mazes of Dorset: Leigh, Pimperne, Dorchester and Bere Regis\u2014Aubrey's Notes on Wiltshire and Cotswold Mazes\u2014The Saffron Walden Maze\u2014The Comberton \"Mazles\"\u2014The p. xii Hilton Maze and its Obelisk\u2014The Cumberland \"Walls of Troy\": Burgh and Rockcliffe\u2014The Nottingham Mazes: Sneinton and Clifton\u2014The Somerton \"Troy-town\"\u2014Records of Old Mazes at Guildford, the Malverns, and in Kent\u2014\"Julaber's Barrow\" | 79-91 | \n| CHAPTER XII THE ORIGIN OF TURF MAZES An old Welsh Custom\u2014\"Troy\" or \"Turnings\"?\u2014Dr. Trollope on the Ecclesiastical Origin of Turf Mazes\u2014The Welsh Figure\u2014Criticism of the Ecclesiastical View\u2014\"Treading the Maze\" in Tudor Times\u2014Shakespearean References\u2014Alchemy and the Labyrinth of Solomon\u2014Figure in a Greek Monastery\u2014Heraldic Labyrinths\u2014The Question of the Roman Origin of Turf Mazes | 92-99 | \n| CHAPTER XIII THE FLORAL LABYRINTH AND THE DWARF-SHRUB MAZE The Dwarf Box\u2014Its use by Tudor and Roman Gardeners\u2014Floral Labyrinths by De Vries\u2014Some Quaint Horticultural Books: Parkinson, Estienne, Hill, and Lawson\u2014Designs of Islip and Commelyn\u2014\"Queen Mary's Bower\" | 100-109 | \n| CHAPTER XIV THE TOPIARY LABYRINTH, OR HEDGE MAZE Topiary work of the Romans\u2014Pliny's \"Hippodromus\"\u2014Dubious Mediaeval References\u2014Rosamond's Bower\u2014Early French \"Daedales\"\u2014Mazes painted by Holbein and Tintoretto\u2014Du Cerceau's Sketches\u2014Elizabethan Mazes: Theobalds and Hatfield\u2014Versailles and other Famous Labyrinths of France\u2014Some German Designs\u2014Belgian, Spanish, Italian and Dutch Mazes\u2014William III and his Gardeners | 110-127 | \n| CHAPTER XV THE TOPIARY LABYRINTH, OR HEDGE MAZE (continued) Hampton Court: the Maze and the Little Maze\u2014Other English Mazes of the Period\u2014Batty Langley and Stephen Switzer\u2014Allegorical Labyrinth of Anhalt\u2014A Wimbledon Maze\u2014The Mazes of Westminster and Southwark | 128-136 | \n| p. xiii CHAPTER XVI THE TOPIARY LABYRINTH, OR HEDGE MAZE (continued) Latter-day Developments Decline of the Hedge-Maze Vogue\u2014Mazes in \"Pleasure Gardens\": North London, Smith London\u2014Modern Mazes in Essex, Suffolk, Cheshire, Lincolnshire, and Gloucestershire\u2014Some Modern Continental Mazes\u2014The Case For and Against the Hedge Maze | 137-146 | \n| CHAPTER XVII STONE LABYRINTHS AND ROCK ENGRAVINGS The Stone Labyrinths of Finland\u2014Their Local Traditions and Nomenclature\u2014Their Antiquity\u2014Aubrey's Acute Observation\u2014Some Maze-like Rock Engravings in England, Ireland, and Brittany\u2014A Curious Discovery in Arizona and a Spanish Manuscript\u2014American Indians and the Cretan Labyrinth\u2014Another Indian Pictograph\u2014Zulu Mazes\u2014Distribution of Labyrinth Cult | 147-155 | \n| CHAPTER XVIII THE DANCE OR GAME OF TROY \"Troy\" in Labyrinth Names\u2014An old French Reference\u2014The Vase of Tragliatella\u2014Virgil's Account of the Troy Game\u2014The Delian Crane-Dance\u2014Knossos and Troy\u2014Ariadne's Dance\u2014Spring-Rites\u2014\"Sympathetic Magic\"\u2014Sword and Morris Dances\u2014Troy-dances in Mediaeval Germany and in Modern Serbia\u2014Preservation of the English Traditions | 156-163 | \n| CHAPTER XIX THE BOWER OF \"FAIR ROSAMOND\" \"Fair Rosamond,\" Henry, and Eleanor\u2014The Dagger or the Bowl\u2014History of the Legend\u2014Accounts of Brompton and Higden\u2014Delone's Ballad\u2014Rosamond in Verse and Prose\u2014Her Epitaph\u2014A Question of Taste\u2014Late Remains of the Bower\u2014A Modern Play\u2014Rosamond's Alleged Portrait | 164-169 | \n| p. xiv CHAPTER XX MAZE ETYMOLOGY The Question of Definition again\u2014Bowers and Julian-Bowers\u2014What was a Bower and who was Julian?\u2014The Labyrinth and the Double Axe\u2014Chaucer and the Maze\u2014Metaphorical Labyrinths\u2014The Labyrinth in Scientific Nomenclature\u2014The Meanings of \"Maze\"\u2014Troy-towns and the New Troy | 170-181 | \n| CHAPTER XXI LABYRINTH DESIGN AND THE SOLUTION OF MAZES The Need of a Definition\u2014Practical Limitations\u2014Classification of Mazes and Labyrinths\u2014Unicursal and Multicursal, Compact and Diffuse Types\u2014Modes of Branching\u2014Straight-line Diagrams\u2014Speculations on the Knossian Figure\u2014Hints on Maze Design\u2014Principles of Maze Solution\u2014A Word on Mnemonics\u2014Harris at Hampton Court | 182-192 | \n| CHAPTER XXII THE LABYRINTH IN LITERATURE Romance, Mystery, and Allegory\u2014Labyrinthine Book Titles\u2014Some Literary Monstrosities\u2014Spiritual and Theological Labyrinths\u2014Love, Labyrinths, and Anonymity\u2014The Labyrinth in Modern Book Titles\u2014Emblems\u2014Melancholy Meditations in the Maze | 193-200 | \n| CHAPTER XXIII MISCELLANEA AND CONCLUSION A Maze Collector\u2014The Labyrinth in Queer Places\u2014The Maze on Paper and on the Sands\u2014Mirror Mazes\u2014A Temporary Hedge Maze\u2014Maze Toys\u2014A Verbal Labyrinth\u2014The Maze in Place-names\u2014A Plea for the Preservation of some Ancient Monuments | 201-213 | \n| BIBLIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX | 215-235 | \n| INDEX | 237-254 |","title":"Mazes and Labyriths: Contents","type":"page"}