{"collection":"Hinduism","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/browse/hin/sbe29/sbe29063.htm","path":"hin/sbe29/sbe29063.htm","source_url":"https://sacred-texts.com/hin/sbe29/sbe29063.htm","text":"The Grihya Sutras, Part 1 (SBE29), by Hermann Oldenberg, [1886]\n1 1. Let him offer (Sr\u00e2ddha oblations) every month to the fathers.\n2 2. Having invited an uneven number of Br\u00e2hmanas, versed in the Veda, at least three, to sit down as (representing) the fathers,\n3. And having strewn sesamum into an uneven number of water-pots,\n4. He shall pour them out over the hands of the Br\u00e2hmanas, assigning (this gift) to them with the words, 'N.N.! This to thee!'\n5 5-7. After this they should be adorned;\n6. And after he has (respectfully) spoken to them, and has put food into the fire,\n7. Assigning (the food) to them with the words, 'N.N.! This to thee!' he shall cause them to eat.\n8. While they are eating, he shall murmur the Mah\u00e2vy\u00e2hritis, the S\u00e2vitr\u00ee, the Madhuv\u00e2t\u00eeya-verses (Rig-veda I, 90, 6 seq.), and verses addressed to the Manes and to (Soma) Pavam\u00e2na.\n9 9. When they have finished with eating, he shall offer the lumps (of flour).\n10 10-11. Before (their dinner he shall offer) the lumps, according to some (teachers).\n11. Behind (these he places the lumps) for their wives, putting something between (these and the preceding ones).\n12. To the Br\u00e2hmanas he shall announce the remnants.\n13 13. The rites of the putting (of food) into the fire (see S\u00fbtra 6), &c. have been declared (in the Srauta-s\u00fbtra) by the Pindapitriyag\u00f1a.\n106:1 1, 1. Khandas 1-4 contain the rules regarding the Sr\u00e2ddha oblations directed to the Manes. The dinners offered in connection with these Sr\u00e2ddha sacrifices to Br\u00e2hmanas and also\u2014though of this of course no notice is taken in Vedic texts\u2014to Sramanas stood in the first line among the exhibitions of liberality of lay people towards priests and monks. Thus we find among the stock phrases that constantly reoccur in the P\u00e2li Pitakas, the mention of Samanas and Br\u00e2hmanas 'who have eaten the food given to them out of faith' (saddh\u00e2deyy\u00e2ni bhogan\u00e2ni bhu\u00f1gitv\u00e2)\u2014wherein the 'food given out of faith' (saddh\u00e2deyya) either chiefly or exclusively means the Sr\u00e2ddha dinners, which are so called because the sacrificer gives them 'full of faith' (sraddh\u00e2samanvita, Manu III, 275) to the Br\u00e2hmanas and through them to the Manes.\nThe principal form of Sr\u00e2ddha is that treated of in chap. 1, which is designated in other texts (see, for instance, \u00c2sval\u00e2yana-Grihya IV, 7, 1) as p\u00e2rvana sr\u00e2ddha. There are, however, besides the parvan of the new moon, other times also considered as admissible for the performing of this monthly Sr\u00e2ddha; see Gautama XV, 2 seq.; \u00c2pastamba II, 16, &c.; and comp. on the Sr\u00e2ddhas in general the passages quoted by Professor Jolly, Das Dharma-s\u00fbtra des Vishnu (Sitzung der Bair. Akademie, phil. Classe, 7 Juni, 1879), pp. 46 seq.; Max M\u00fcller, 'India, what can it teach us?' pp. 234 Seq., 374 seq.\n106:2 '\"As the fathers\" means: he invites the youngest, middle-aged, and eldest Br\u00e2hmanas to sit down in the place of the father, the grandfather, and the great-grandfather' (N\u00e2r\u00e2yana). A similar explanation of pitrivat is mentioned by N\u00e2r\u00e2yana on \u00c2sval\u00e2yana-Grihya p. 107 IV, 7, 2. My German translation of this S\u00fbtra ought to be altered accordingly.\nBesides the Br\u00e2hmanas mentioned in this S\u00fbtra, who represent the fathers, according to all the commentaries, other Br\u00e2hmanas had to be invited as representing the Visve dev\u00e2s. N\u00e2r\u00e2yana gives detailed statements as to the number of the paitrika and of the daivika Br\u00e2hmanas to be invited, and though at first sight a European reader would rather be inclined to doubt whether at the Sr\u00e2ddha ceremony, as the author of the text intended to describe it, any Br\u00e2hmanas at all had to be present except the paitrikas, the S\u00fbtra 2, 5 shows that the commentators are quite right in their statements regarding both categories of Br\u00e2hmanas.\n107:5-7 It would be more natural to alter the division of the S\u00fbtras, so as to bring \u00e2mantrya in the fifth, anna\u00f1 ka in the seventh S\u00fbtra. In this case we should have to translate: 5. After this, having (respectfully) spoken to them who have been adorned (by him with flowers, ornaments, &c.); 6. And having put (food) into the fire, 7. And having assigned the food to them, &c., he shall cause them to eat.\u2014The respectful address mentioned in the fifth S\u00fbtra consists, according to N\u00e2r\u00e2yana, in the announcement, 'Ye Br\u00e2hmanas, I will put (food) into the fire!' (comp. \u00c2sv.-Grihya IV, 7, 18), which he subsequently does with the formulas, 'To Agni Kavyav\u00e2hana sv\u00e2h\u00e2! To Soma Pitrimat sv\u00e2h\u00e2! To Yama A\u1e45girasvat Pitrimat sv\u00e2h\u00e2!' Comp. Baudh\u00e2yana II, 1 4, 8.\n108:9 As to the way in which the Pindas should he offered, N\u00e2r\u00e2yana refers to the Srauta-s\u00fbtra (IV, 4).\n108:10-11 10, 11. Pind\u00e2n evidently belongs to the tenth S\u00fbtra, not, as the Indian tradition takes it, to the eleventh. Between the Pindas of the fathers and those belonging to the mothers he puts, according to N\u00e2r\u00e2yana, for instance, Darbha grass.\n108:13 Srauta-s\u00fbtra IV, 3 seq.","title":"Grihya Sutras, Part 1 (SBE29): S\u00e2\u1e45kh\u00e2yana-Grihya-S\u00fbtra: IV, 1","type":"page"}