{"collection":"Hinduism","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/browse/hin/sbe29/sbe29193.htm","path":"hin/sbe29/sbe29193.htm","source_url":"https://sacred-texts.com/hin/sbe29/sbe29193.htm","text":"The Grihya Sutras, Part 1 (SBE29), by Hermann Oldenberg, [1886]\n1 1. After the \u00c2grah\u00e2yan\u00ee (full moon follow) the three Ashtak\u00e2s.\n2 2. (The Ashtak\u00e2 is) sacred to Indra, to the Visve dev\u00e2s, to Prag\u00e2pati, and to the Fathers.\n3 3. (The oblations are made) with cakes, flesh, and vegetables, according to the order (of the three Ashtak\u00e2s).\n4. The first Ashtak\u00e2 (is celebrated) on the eighth day of the fortnight.\n5 5. Having cooked a mess of sacrificial food and having sacrificed the two \u00c2gya portions, he sacrifices \u00c2gya oblations with (the texts):\n(a a) 'Thirty sisters go to the appointed place,\nputting on the same badge. They spread out the seasons, the knowing sages; having the metres in their midst they walk around, the brilliant ones. Sv\u00e2h\u00e2!\n(b) 'The shining one clothes herself with clouds, with the ways of the sun, the divine night: manifold animals which are born, look about in this mother's lap. Sv\u00e2h\u00e2!\n(c) 'The Ek\u00e2shtak\u00e2, devoting herself to austerities, has given birth to a child, to the majesty of Indra. Through him the gods have conquered the hostile tribes; he became the killer of the Asuras through his (divine) powers. Sv\u00e2h\u00e2!\n(d d) 'You have made me who am not the younger (sister), the younger; speaking the truth I desire this: may I be in his (i.e. the sacrificer's?) favour, as you are; may none of you supplant the other in her work.\n(e) 'In my favour dwelt the omniscient one; he has found a firm standing; he has got a footing. May I be in his (i.e. the sacrificer's?) favour, as you are; may none of you supplant the other in her work.\n(f f) 'On the five dawns follows the fivefold milking; on the cow with the five names, the rive seasons. The five regions (of the sky) are established\nthrough the fifteenfold (Stoma); with one common face (they look over) the one world. Sv\u00e2h\u00e2!\n(g) 'She who shone forth as the first, is the child of truth. One (of them) bears the majesty of the waters; one wanders in the courses of the sun; one (in those) of the heat; Savitri shall govern one. Sv\u00e2h\u00e2!\n(h) 'She who shone forth as the first has become a cow in Yama's realm. Give us milk, thou who art rich in milk, year by year. Sv\u00e2h\u00e2!\n(i i) 'She, the owner of bright bulls, has come to us with clouds and with light, she who has all shapes, the motley one, whose banner is fire. Carrying on the common work, leading us to old age, come to us thou who art exempt from old age, Ushas! Sv\u00e2h\u00e2!\n(k) 'The consort of the seasons, the first one has come to us, the leader of days, the producer of offspring. Being one, thou shinest manifold, Ushas. Being free from old age, thou leadest to old age everything else. Sv\u00e2h\u00e2!'\n6 6. He makes offerings of the mess of cooked food with (the verses):\n'May the earth be peaceful, the air friendly to us;\nmay the heavens give us bliss and safety. May the points (of the horizon), the intermediate points, the upper points give us bliss, and may day and night create long life for us. Sv\u00e2h\u00e2!\n'May the waters, the rays protect us from all sides; may the creator, may the ocean turn away evil. The present and the future, may all be safe for me. Protected by Brahman, may I be well guarded. Sv\u00e2h\u00e2!\n'May all \u00c2dityas and the divine Vasus, may the Rudras and Maruts be our protectors. May Prag\u00e2pati, the highest lord, bestow on us vigour, offspring, immortality, long life. Sv\u00e2h\u00e2!'\n7. And with (the formula), 'To the Ashtak\u00e2 Sv\u00e2h\u00e2!'\n8. The middle Ashtak\u00e2 (is celebrated) with (the sacrifice of) a cow.\n9. He sacrifices the omentum of that (cow) with (the verse), 'Carry the omentum, O G\u00e2tavedas, to the fathers' (V\u00e2g. Samh. XXXV, 20).\n10. On the day following each (Ashtak\u00e2), the Anvashtak\u00e2 day, (he brings a sacrifice) with the left ribs and the left thigh, in an enclosure, according to (the ritual of) the Pindapitriyag\u00f1a.\n11. Also to the female (ancestors he makes Pinda offerings) and pours (for them) strong liquor and water oblations into pits, and (offers) collyrium, salves, and garlands.\n12. (He may also make oblations), if he likes, to the teacher and to the pupils who have no children.\n13 13. And in the middle of the rainy season (there is) a fourth Ashtak\u00e2 on which vegetables are offered.\n341:14 The verse occurs, with a few differences, in the K\u00e2nva S\u00e2kh\u00e2 of the V\u00e2g. Samhit\u00e2, II, 7, 5.\n341:1 3, 1. On the Ashtak\u00e2s, celebrated on the eighth days of the three dark fortnights following after the \u00c2grah\u00e2yan\u00ee full moon, see S\u00e2\u1e45kh\u00e2yana III, 12 seqq.; \u00c2sval\u00e2yana II, 4; Gobhila III, 10.\n341:2 As there are four deities named, I think it probable that they are referred to all Ashtak\u00e2s indiscriminately; comp. \u00c2sval\u00e2yana II, 4, 12. Thus in the Mantras prescribed for the first Ashtak\u00e2 (S\u00fbtras 5 and 6), Indra, the Visve dev\u00e2s, and Prag\u00e2pati are named; to the Fathers belongs the Anvashtakya ceremony.\n341:3 With regard to the order of these substances the Grihya texts differ.\n341:5 Comp. Taitt. Samhit\u00e2 IV, 3, 11; Atharva-veda III, 10.\n341:a (a) The thirty sisters seem to be the days of the month. As to p. 342 madhyekhandas, comp. Taitt. Samh. loc. cit. \u00a7 1: khandasvat\u00ee ushas\u00e2 pepis\u00e2ne; \u00a7 2: katushtomo abhavad y\u00e2 tur\u00eey\u00e2 yag\u00f1asya paksh\u00e2v rishayo bhavant\u00ee, g\u00e2yatr\u00eem trishtubham gagat\u00eem anushtubham brihad arkam yu\u00f1g\u00e2n\u00e2h suvar \u00e2\u093dbharann idam.\n342:d (d) Probably one Ashtak\u00e2 addresses the others, her sisters, as Gayar\u00e2ma explains this verse.\n342:f (f) The explanation by which the 'fivefold milking' is referred to what is called in Taitt. Br\u00e2hmana II, 2, 9, 'the milkings of Prag\u00e2pati,' seems to me more than doubtful, for 'the milkings p. 342 of Prag\u00e2pati' are only four: viz. the dark night, the moonlight, the twilight, and the day.\n343:i (i) Sukra-rishabh\u00e2 cannot be translated, as Professor Stenzler does, 'die sch\u00f6nste unter den Lichtern' (M\u00e2dhava: sukreshu nakshatr\u00e2dishu sreshth\u00e2), for this meaning of rishabh\u00e2 occurs only in later texts. The word is a Bahuvr\u00eehi compound, as the Petersburg Dictionary explains it.\n343:6 In the first verse I have omitted vyasnavai, which impedes the construction and violates the metre. The word has found its way into the text, no doubt, in consequence of the phrase d\u00eergham \u00e2yur vyasnavai occurring in chap. 2, 2. In the second verse p. 344 akritad is corrupt. I have translated abhayam; comp. \u00c2sval\u00e2yana II, 4, 14. In the third verse I have left out mayi, as Professor Stenzler has done in his translation.\n345:13 I have stated in the note on S\u00e2\u1e45kh\u00e2yana III, 13, 1 my reasons for believing that the true reading of this S\u00fbtra is not madhy\u00e2varshe (in the middle of the rainy season), but m\u00e2ghyavarshe (the festival celebrated during the rainy season under the Nakshatra Magh\u00e2s). There are no express rules given with regard to the third Ashtak\u00e2, but I think we should understand this S\u00fbtra as involving a statement on that Ashtak\u00e2: (The third Ashtak\u00e2) and the fourth, on the M\u00e2ghyavarsha day, are S\u00e2k\u00e2shtak\u00e2s (Ashtak\u00e2s on which vegetables are offered). S\u00e2\u1e45kh\u00e2yana (Grihya III, 13, 1) declares that the ritual of the fourth Ashtak\u00e2 is identical with that of the second.","title":"Grihya Sutras, Part 1 (SBE29): P\u00e2raskara-G...","type":"page"}