{"collection":"Hinduism","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/browse/hin/sbe38/sbe38182.htm","path":"hin/sbe38/sbe38182.htm","source_url":"https://sacred-texts.com/hin/sbe38/sbe38182.htm","text":"The Vedanta Sutras of Badarayana, Commentary by Sankara (SBE38), tr. by George Thibaut [1896]\n39. (Having true) wishes and other (qualities) (have to be combined) there and here, on account of the abode and so on.\nIn the chapter of the Kh\u00e2ndogya which begins with the passage, 'There is this city of Brahman and in it the palace, the small lotus, and in it that small ether' (VIII, 1, 1), we read, 'That is the Self free from sin, free from old age, from death and grief, from hunger and thirst, whose desires are true, whose imaginations are true.' A similar passage is found in the text of the V\u00e2gasaneyins, 'He is that great unborn Self who consists of knowledge, is surrounded by the Pr\u00e2nas, the ether within the heart. In it there reposes the ruler of all' (Bri. Up. IV, 4, 22).\nA doubt here arises whether these two passages constitute one vidy\u00e2, and whether the particulars stated in one text are to be comprehended within the other text also.\nThere is oneness of vidy\u00e2 1.--Here (the S\u00fbtrak\u00e2ra) says, 'Wishes and so on' i.e. 'The quality of having true wishes and so on' (the word k\u00e2ma standing for satyak\u00e2ma, just\nas people occasionally say Datta for Devadatta and Bh\u00e2m\u00e2 for Satyabh\u00e2m\u00e2). This quality and the other qualities, which the Kh\u00e2ndogya attributes to the ether within the heart, have to be combined with the V\u00e2gasaneyaka-passage, and vice vers\u00e2 the qualities stated in the V\u00e2gasaneyaka, such as being the ruler of all, have also to be ascribed to the Self free from sin, proclaimed in the Kh\u00e2ndogya. The reason for this is that the two passages display a number of common features. Common to both is the heart viewed as abode, common again is the Lord as object of knowledge, common also is the Lord being viewed as a bank preventing these worlds from being confounded; and several other points.--But, an objection is raised, there are also differences. In the Kh\u00e2ndogya the qualities are attributed to the ether within the heart, while in the V\u00e2gasaneyaka they are ascribed to Brahman abiding in that ether.--This objection, we reply, is unfounded, for we have shown under I, 3, 14 that the term 'ether' in the Kh\u00e2ndogya designates Brahman.\nThere is, however, the following difference between the two passages. The Kh\u00e2ndogya-vidy\u00e2 has for its object the qualified Brahman, as we see from the passage VIII, 1, 6, 'But those who depart from hence after having discovered the Self and those true desires,' in which certain desires are represented as objects of knowledge equally as the Self. In the V\u00e2gasaneyaka, on the other hand, the highest Brahman devoid of all qualities forms the object of instruction, as we conclude from the consideration of the request made by Ganaka, 'Speak on for the sake of emancipation,' and the reply given by Y\u00e2g\u00f1avalkya, 'For that person is not attached to anything' (Bri. Up. IV, 3, 14; 15). That the text ascribes to the Self such qualities as being the Lord of all and the like is (not for the purpose of teaching that the Self really possesses those qualities, but is) merely meant to glorify the Self. Later on also (IV, 5, 15) the chapter winds up with a passage clearly referring to the Self devoid of all qualities, 'That Self is to be described by No, no!' But as the qualified Brahman is (fundamentally) one (with the unqualified Brahman), we\nmust conclude that the S\u00fbtra teaches the combination of the qualities to the end of setting forth the glory of Brahman, not for the purpose of devout meditation.\n247:1 This clause must apparently be taken as stating the siddh\u00e2nta-view, although later on it is said that the two vidy\u00e2s are distinct (that, however, in spite of their distinctness, their details have to be combined).","title":"The Vedanta Sutras of Badarayana: Third Adhy\u00e2ya. Th...","type":"page"}