{"collection":"Islam","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/browse/isl/hadith/had14.htm","path":"isl/hadith/had14.htm","source_url":"https://sacred-texts.com/isl/hadith/had14.htm","text":"Jumu'ah (from jama'a, he gathered together) is literally congregation; it is the name by which the sixth day of the week is known. The verse quoted above contains an express commandment to all Muslims to leave off business of every kind to join it. The prevalent idea that Friday service can be held only in big towns or under Muslim rule has no sanction in the Holy Qur'\u0101n, which requires all Muslims wherever they may be to join it. Had\u012bth makes it further clear. In the Holy Prophet's time, Friday service was held at Juw\u0101th\u0101, a village in Bahrain (h. 1). It was held even in a place where some Muslims had settled temporarily for management of a tract of land (h. 2). Omitting the Friday service without good reason is considered as one of the gravest sins (h. 3). Even women should try to attend the Friday service (h. 4), and also those who are journeying (h. 5), But when the inconvenience is too great, attendance is not compulsory (B. 11:13). Time for the Friday service is the same as that for the Zuhr prayer (h. 6) though on account of the larger numbers attending the service an additional adh\u0101n has become the practice (h. 7), Every Muslim must try to take bath before attending the congregation and cleanse his mouth and use scent if possible (h. 8). Two sunnahs must be said before the service is held (h. 9). The service must be preceded by a sermon which constitutes an integral part of it (hh. 10-13). The service itself consists of two rak'ahs (h. 14), in which the Holy Qur'\u0101n is recited in a loud voice (h. 15).\n1 Ibn 'Abb\u0101s said,\nThe first Friday service, after the Friday service in the mosque of the Messenger of All\u0101h, peace and blessings of All\u0101h be on him,\nwas that held in the mosque of 'Abd al-Qais at Juw\u0101th\u0101 in Bahrain.1\n(B. 11:11.)\n2 Y\u016bnus said, Ruzaiq ibn Hukaim wrote to Ibn Shih\u0101b,\nWhat is thy opinion--should I hold the Friday service? And Ruzaiq was manager of a certain land on which be worked and there was a party of Negroes and others besides them there, and Ruzaiq was then the governor of Ailah. So Ibn Shih\u0101b wrote, while I heard, commanding him to hold the Friday service.2\n(B. 11:11)\n3 Abu-l-Ja'd said, The Messenger of All\u0101h,\n1. Juw\u0101th\u0101 was a village in Bahrain, and Bukh\u0101r\u012b's heading of the chapter in which this had\u012bth is mentioned is \"Friday service in towns and villages.\"\n2. In this case, it was not even a village where Friday service was held. There were only some workers on the field, and the manager of the land was required to look after their spiritual needs and hold a Friday service for them. Ruzaiq was governor of Ailah under Umar ibn 'Abd al-'Az\u012bz.\npeace and blessings of All\u0101h be on him, said:\n\"Whoever omits three Friday services making light of it, All\u0101h sets a seal on his heart.\"\n(AD-Msh. 4:41)\n4 Ibn 'Umar said,\nA wife of 'Umar used to attend the morning and 'Ish\u0101' prayers in congregation in the mosque. It was said to her, Why dost thou go forth and thou knowest that 'Umar does not like this and is averse (to it). She said, What prevents him from prohibiting me? He said, What prevents him is the saying of the Messenger of All\u0101h:\n\"Do not prohibit the handmaids of All\u0101h from attending the mosques of All\u0101h.\"\n(B. 11:12.)\n3. Women were required to attend the '\u012ad gatherings, and their presence at the Friday service is of the utmost importance for the welfare of the Muslim community; and, therefore, even if it may not be obligatory for them, they should generally attend the Friday service so far as is consistent with their duties. The words of the Holy Prophet quoted here include the Friday service along with other prayers.\n5 It is reported on the authority of Zuhr\u012b,\nWhen the Mu'adhdhin gives a call for prayer on Friday, and there is one who is journeying, it is incumbent on him that he should attend.\n(B. 11:17.)\n6 Anas reported that\nThe Messenger of All\u0101h, peace and blessings of All\u0101h be on him, used to hold the Friday service when the sun declined.\n(B. 11:15)\n7 S\u0101'ib said,\nThe first call on Friday, in the time of the Prophet, peace and blessings of All\u0101h be on him, and Abu Bakr and 'Umar, was sounded when the im\u0101m ascended the pulpit; but when (the time of) 'Uthm\u0101n came and the number of people became very great, he added a third call at the Zaur\u0101.4\n(B. 11:21.)\n4. The additional adh\u0101n is called the third adh\u0101n--actually it is the first--, the ordinary adh\u0101n and the iq\u0101mah being the other two. As the had\u012bth shows, this adh\u0101n, delivered some time before the im\u0101m ascended the pulpit. was meant to inform the people that they should get ready for the prayer, and it was, therefore, delivered at Zaur\u0101', a place in the market of Mad\u012bnah.\n8 Ab\u016b Sa'\u012bd said,\nI bear witness to the Messenger of All\u0101h, peace and blessings of All\u0101h be on him, saying,\n\"It is incumbent on every one who has attained to puberty that he should take a bath on Friday, and that he should use the tooth-brush, and that he should use scent if he can get it.\"\n(B. 11:3.)\n9 J\u0101bir said, A man came while the Prophet, peace and blessings of All\u0101h be on him, was delivering the sermon to the people on Friday. So he said, \"Hast thou said the prayer, O such a one?\" He said, No. He said, \"Get up and say two rak'ahs of prayer.\"5\n(B. 11:32.)\n10 Ab\u016b Sa'\u012bd al-Khudr\u012b reported that\nThe Prophet, peace and blessings of All\u0101h be on him, one day ascended the pulpit\n5. Two rak'ahs of prayer must be said before the service is held. Two rak'ahs are also said after the service is over, as in the Zuhr prayer.\nand we sat around him.6\n(B. 11:27.)\n11 Ibn 'Umar said,\nThe Prophet, peace and blessings of All\u0101h be on him, used to deliver the sermon standing, then he sat down, then he stood up again, as you do now.7\n(B. 11:26.)\n12 Salm\u0101n said on the authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings of All\u0101h be on him, \"One should remain silent when the im\u0101m speaks.\"\n(B. 11:35)\n13 Anas said,\nWhile the Prophet, peace and blessings of All\u0101h be on him, was delivering the Friday sermon, a man stood up and said, O Messenger of All\u0101h! Horses have perished, goats have perished; pray to All\u0101h that He may send us\n6. The im\u0101m sits on the pulpit and a call for prayer is then sounded. He then stands up and delivers the sermon, as the next had\u012bth shows.\n7. The Friday sermon is thus divided into two parts, the im\u0101m sitting down to take a little rest in the middle. The Holy Prophet used to take some verse of the Holy Qur'\u0101n as his text, which he explained to the audience. The object of the sermon is to give true guidance to the congregation on the various questions of life; and it is, therefore, quite meaningless to deliver the sermon in Arabic to people who do not understand that language.\nrain. So he raised his hands and prayed.\n(B. 11:34.)\n14 Abu Hurairah said,\nThe Messenger of All\u0101h, peace and blessings of All\u0101h be on him, said:\n\"Whoever joins in one rak'ah of the Friday service, he should add to it another, and whoever misses both rak'ahs, he should say four (rak'ahs),\" or he said, \"the Zuhr.\"\n(DQ-Msh. 4:45.)\n15 Ibn 'Abb\u0101s reported on the authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings of All\u0101h be on him,\nHe used to recite (on Friday) al-Sajdah (ch. 32) and Hal at\u0101 'ala-l-ins\u0101ni (ch. 76) in the morning prayer, and al-Jumu'ah (ch. 62) and al-Mun\u0101fiq\u016bn (ch. 63) in the Friday service.9\n(Ah. I, 340.)\n8. The Friday service thus consists of two rak'ahs of prayer, and whoever misses both should say the Zuhr prayer.\n9. This shows that the Holy Qur'\u0101n was recited in a loud voice in the Friday service.","title":"A Manual of Hadith: Chapter XI: Friday Service","type":"page"}