{"collection":"Jainism","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/browse/jai/sbe22/sbe2290.htm","path":"jai/sbe22/sbe2290.htm","source_url":"https://sacred-texts.com/jai/sbe22/sbe2290.htm","text":"Jaina Sutras, Part II (SBE22), tr. by Hermann Jacobi, [1884]\nAt that period, at that age the Venerable Ascetic Mah\u00e2v\u00eera had nine Ganas and eleven Ganadharas.\n'Why, now, has it been said, that the Venerable Ascetic Mah\u00e2v\u00eera had nine Ganas, but eleven Ganadharas?'\n'The oldest monk of the Venerable Ascetic Mah\u00e2v\u00eera was Indrabh\u00fbti of the Gautama gotra, who instructed five hundred Sramanas; the middle-aged monk was Agnibh\u00fbti of the Gautama gotra, who instructed five hundred Sramanas; the youngest was V\u00e2yubh\u00fbti of the Gautama gotra, who instructed five hundred Sramanas. The Sthavira \u00c2rya-Vyakta of the Bh\u00e2radv\u00e2ga gotra instructed five hundred Sramanas; the Sthavira \u00c2rya-Sudharman of the Agnivesy\u00e2yana gotra instructed five hundred Sramanas; the Sthavira Mandikaputra 1 of the V\u00e2sishtha gotra instructed two hundred and fifty Sramanas; the Sthavira Mauryaputra of the K\u00e2syapa gotra instructed two hundred and fifty Sramanas; the Sthavira Akampita of the Gautama gotra and Sthavira Akalabhr\u00e2tri of the H\u00e2rit\u00e2yana gotra, both Sthaviras instructed together three hundred Sramanas each; the Sthaviras Met\u00e2rya and Prabh\u00e2sa, both of the Kaundinya gotra, instructed together\nthree hundred Sramanas each 1. Therefore, Sir, has it been said that the Venerable Ascetic Mah\u00e2v\u00eera had nine Ganas, but eleven Ganadharas: (1)\nAll these eleven Ganadharas of the Venerable Ascetic Mah\u00e2v\u00eera, who knew the twelve A\u1e45gas, the fourteen P\u00fbrvas, and the whole Siddh\u00e2nta of the Ganins, died, &c. (all down to) freed from all pains in R\u00e2gagriha after fasting a month without drinking water. The Sthaviras Indrabh\u00fbti and \u00c2rya Sudharman both died after the Nirv\u00e2na of Mah\u00e2vira. The Nirgrantha Sramanas of the present time are all (spiritual) descendants of the monk \u00c2rya Sudharman, the rest of the Ganadharas left no descendants. (2)\nThe Venerable Ascetic Mah\u00e2v\u00eera was of the K\u00e2syapa gotra. His disciple was 2:\n1. \u00c2rya Sudharman of the Agnivesy\u00e2yana gotra;\n2. \u00c2rya Gamb\u00fbn\u00e2man of the K\u00e2syapa gotra;\n3. \u00c2rya Prabhava of the K\u00e2ty\u00e2yana gotra;\n4. \u00c2rya Sayyambha, father of Manaka, was of the Vatsa gotra;\n5. \u00c2rya Yasobhadra of the Tu\u1e45gik\u00e2yana gotra. (3)\nIn the short redaction the list of Sthaviras after .\u00c2rya Yasobhadra is the following:\n6. \u00c2rya Sambh\u00fbtavigaya of the M\u00e2thara gotra and \u00c2rya Bhadrab\u00e2hu of the Pr\u00e2k\u00eena gotra;\n7. \u00c2rya Sth\u00fblabhadra of the Gautama gotra;\n8. i. \u00c2rya Mah\u00e2giri of the Ail\u00e2patya gotra and\nii. \u00c2rya Suhastin of the V\u00e2sishtha gotra;\n9. Susthita and Supratibuddha, surnamed Kotika and K\u00e2kandaka, of the Vy\u00e2ghr\u00e2patya gotra;\n10. \u00c2rya Indradatta (Indadinna) of the Kausika gotra;\n11. \u00c2rya Datta (Dinna) of the Gautama gotra;\n12. \u00c2rya Simhagiri G\u00e2tismara of the Kausika gotra;\n13. \u00c2rya Vagra of the Gautama gotra;\n14. \u00c2rya Vagrasena of the Utkrishta gotra 1.\nHe had four disciples: \u00c2rya N\u00e2gila, \u00c2rya Padmila, \u00c2rya Gayanta, and \u00c2rya T\u00e2pasa, each of whom founded a S\u00e2kh\u00e2 called after his name, viz. the Aryan\u00e2gil\u00e2 S\u00e2kh\u00e2, the \u00c2ryapadmil\u00e2 S\u00e2kh\u00e2, the \u00c2ryagayant\u00ee S\u00e2kh\u00e2, and the \u00c2ryat\u00e2pas\u00ee S\u00e2kh\u00e2. (4)\nIn the detailed redaction the list of Sthaviras after \u00c2rya Yasobhadra is the following:\n6. i. \u00c2rya Bhadrab\u00e2hu of the Pr\u00e2k\u00eena gotra, who had four disciples of the K\u00e2syapa gotra:\na. God\u00e2sa, founder of the God\u00e2sa Gana 2, which was divided into four S\u00e2kh\u00e2s:\n\u03b1. The T\u00e2mraliptik\u00e2 S\u00e2kh\u00e2,\n\u03b2. The Kotivarsh\u00eey\u00e2 S\u00e2kh\u00e2,\n\u03b3. The Pundravardhan\u00eey\u00e2 S\u00e2kh\u00e2, and\n\u03b4. The D\u00e2s\u00eekharbatik\u00e2 S\u00e2kh\u00e2.\nb. Agnidatta,\nc. Ganadatta,\nd. Somadatta.\nii. \u00c2rya Sambhutavigaya of the M\u00e2thara gotra, who had twelve disciples:\n7. a. Nandanabhadra,\nb. Upananda,\nc. Tishyabhadra 1,\nd. Yasobhadra,\ne. Sumanobhadra 2,\nf. Manibhadra,\ng. Punyabhadra 3,\nh. Sth\u00fblabhadra of the Gautama gotra,\ni. Rigumati,\nk. Gamb\u00fb,\nl. D\u00eerghabhadra, and\nm. P\u00e2ndubhadra;\nand seven female disciples:\na. Yaksh\u00e2,\nb. Yakshadatt\u00e2 (Yakshadinn\u00e2),\nc. Bh\u00fbt\u00e2,\nd. Bh\u00fbtadatt\u00e2 (Bh\u00fbtadinn\u00e2),\ne. Sen\u00e2 (also En\u00e2),\nf. Ven\u00e2,\ng Ren\u00e2.\n8. i. \u00c2rya Mah\u00e2giri of the Ail\u00e2patya gotra, who had eight disciples:\na. Uttara,\nb. Balissaha, who both together founded the Uttarabalissaha Gana, which was divided into four S\u00e2kh\u00e2s\n\u03b1. Kausambik\u00e2,\n\u03b2. Sautaptik\u00e2 (Pr. Soittiy\u00e2),\n\u03b3. Kautumbin\u00ee (or Kundadhar\u00ee),\n\u03b4. Kandan\u00e2gar\u00ee.\nc. Dhanarddhi (Pr. Dhanaddha),\nd. Sirarddhi (Pr. Siriddha),\ne. Kodinya,\nf. N\u00e2ga,\ng. N\u00e2gaputra,\nh. Khaluka Rohagupta of the Kausika gotra, founder of the Trair\u00e2sika S\u00e2kh\u00e2.\nii. \u00c2rya Suhastin 1 of the V\u00e2sishtha gotra, who had twelve disciples:\n9. a. \u00c2rya Rohana of the K\u00e2syapa gotra, founder of the Uddeha Gana, which was divided into four S\u00e2kh\u00e2s:\n\u03b1. Udumbarik\u00e2 (Pr. Udumbariggiy\u00e2),\n\u03b2. M\u00e2sap\u00fbrik\u00e2,\n\u03b3. Matipatrik\u00e2,\n\u03b4. P\u00fbrnapatrik\u00e2 (Pr. Punnapattiy\u00e2, Panna\u00b0, Sunna\u00b0, or Suvanna\u00b0);\nand into six Kulas:\n\u03b1\u00b4. N\u00e2gabh\u00fbta,\n\u03b2\u00b4. Somabh\u00fbta,\n\u03b3\u00b4. Ullagakkha (or \u00c2rdrakakkha?),\n\u03b4\u00b4. Hastilipta (Pr. Hatthiligga),\n\u03b5\u00b4. N\u00e2ndika (Pr. Nandigga),\n\u03b6\u00b4. Parih\u00e2saka.\nb. Bhadrayasas of the Bh\u00e2radv\u00e2ga gotra, who founded the Uduv\u00e2tika Gana, which was divided into four S\u00e2kh\u00e2s:\n\u03b1. Kamp\u00eeyik\u00e2 (Pr. Kampiggiy\u00e2),\n\u03b2. Bhadr\u00eeyik\u00e2 (Pr. Bhaddiggiy\u00e2),\n\u03b3. K\u00e2kandik\u00e2,\n\u03b4. Mekhal\u00eeyik\u00e2 (Pr. Mehaliggiy\u00e2);\nand into three Kulas:\n\u03b1\u00b4. Bhadrayaska (Pr. Bhaddagasiya),\n\u03b2\u00b4. Bhadraguptika,\n\u03b3\u00b4. Yasobhadra (Pr. Gasabhadda).\nc. Megha.\nd. K\u00e2marddhi (Pr. K\u00e2middhi) of the Kundala gotra, who founded the Vesav\u00e2tika Gana, which was divided into four S\u00e2kh\u00e2s:\n\u03b1. Sr\u00e2vastik\u00e2,\n\u03b2. R\u00e2gyap\u00e2lik\u00e2 (Pr. Raggap\u00e2liy\u00e2),\n\u03b3. Antara\u00f1gik\u00e2 (Pr. Antariggiy\u00e2),\n\u03b4. Kshemaliptik\u00e2 (Pr. Khemaliggiy\u00e2);\nand into four Kulas:\n\u03b1\u00b4. Ganika,\n\u03b2\u00b4. Maighika,\n\u03b3\u00b4. K\u00e2marddhika,\n\u03b4\u00b4. Indrapuraka.\ne. Sr\u00eegupta of the H\u00e2rita gotra, founder of the K\u00e2rana Gana, which was divided into four S\u00e2kh\u00e2s:\n\u03b1. H\u00e2ritam\u00e2l\u00e2k\u00e2r\u00ee,\n\u03b2. Samk\u00e2sik\u00e2,\n\u03b3. Gavedhuk\u00e2,\n\u03b4. Vagran\u00e2gar\u00ee;\nand into seven Kulas:\n\u03b1\u00b4. V\u00e2tsal\u00eeya (Pr. Vakkhaligga),\n\u03b2\u00b4. Pr\u00eetidharmika,\n\u03b3\u00b4. H\u00e2ridraka (Pr. H\u00e2ligga),\n\u03b4\u00b4. Pushyamitrika (Pr. P\u00fbsamittigga),\n\u03b5\u00b4. M\u00e2lyaka (Pr. M\u00e2ligga),\n\u03b6\u00b4. \u00c2ryaketaka,\n\u03b7\u00b4. Krishnasakha (Pr. Kanhasaha).\nf. Rishigupta K\u00e2kandaka of the V\u00e2sishtha gotra, founder of the M\u00e2nava Gana, which was divided into four S\u00e2kh\u00e2s:\n\u03b1. K\u00e2syap\u00eey\u00e2 (Pr. K\u00e2saviggiy\u00e2),\n\u03b2. Gautam\u00eey\u00e2 (Pr. Goyameggiy\u00e2),\n\u03b3. V\u00e2sishth\u00eey\u00e2 (Pr. V\u00e2sitthiy\u00e2),\n\u03b4. Saur\u00e2shtrik\u00e2;\n\u03b1\u00b4. Rishiguptika,\n\u03b2\u00b4. Rishidattika,\n\u03b3\u00b4. Abhiyasasa.\ng. and h. Susthita and Supratibuddha, surnamed Kautika and K\u00e2kandaka, of the Vy\u00e2ghr\u00e2patya gotra, founders of the Kautika Gana, which was divided into four S\u00e2kh\u00e2s:\n\u03b1. Ukkan\u00e2gar\u00ee,\n\u03b2. Vidy\u00e2dhar\u00ee,\n\u03b3. Vagr\u00ee,\n\u03b4. Madhyamik\u00e2 (Pr. Magghimilla);\n\u03b1\u00b4. Brahmaliptaka (Pr. Bambhaligga),\n\u03b2\u00b4. V\u00e2tsal\u00eeya (Pr. Vakkhaligga, cf. e. \u03b1\u00b4.),\n\u03b3\u00b4. V\u00e2n\u00eeya (Pr. V\u00e2nigga),\n\u03b4\u00b4. Prasnav\u00e2hanaka.\nBoth Sthaviras had together five disciples:\n10. a. \u00c2rya Indradatta (Pr. Indadinna) of the K\u00e2syapa gotra,\nb. Priyagantha, founder of the Madhyam\u00e2 S\u00e2kh\u00e2,\nc. Vidy\u00e2dharagop\u00e2la of the K\u00e2syapa gotra, founder of the Vidy\u00e2dhar\u00ee S\u00e2kh\u00e2,\nd. Rishidatta,\ne. Arhaddatta (Pr. Arihadatta).\n11. \u00c2rya Datta (Pr. Dinna) of the Gautama gotra, who had two disciples:\n12. i. \u00c2rya S\u00e2ntisenika of the M\u00e2thara gotra, founder of the Ukkan\u00e2gar\u00ee S\u00e2kh\u00e2, who had four disciples:\na. \u00c2rya Senika, founder of the \u00c2ryasenik\u00e2 S\u00e2kh\u00e2,\nb. \u00c2rya T\u00e2pasa, founder of the \u00c2ryat\u00e2pas\u00ee S\u00e2kh\u00e2,\nc. \u00c2rya Kubera, founder of the \u00c2ryakuber\u00e2 S\u00e2kh\u00e2, and\nd. \u00c2rya Riship\u00e2lita, founder of the \u00c2ryariship\u00e2lit\u00e2 S\u00e2kh\u00e2.\nii. \u00c2rya Simhagiri G\u00e2tismara of the Gautama gotra, who had four disciples:\n13. a. Dhanagiri,\nb. \u00c2rya Samita of the Gautama gotra, founder of the Brahmadv\u00eepik\u00e2 S\u00e2kh\u00e2,\nc. \u00c2rya Vagra of the Gautama gotra, founder of the \u00c2ryavagr\u00e2 S\u00e2kh\u00e2,\nd. Arhaddatta (Pr. Arihadinna).\n14. i. \u00c2rya Vagrasena, founder of the Aryan\u00e2gil\u00e2 S\u00e2kh\u00e2,\nii. \u00c2rya Padma, founder of the \u00c2ryapadm\u00e2 S\u00e2kh\u00e2,\niii. \u00c2rya Ratha of the Vatsa gotra, founder of the \u00c2ryagayant\u00ee S\u00e2kh\u00e2.\n15. \u00c2rya Pushyagiri of the Kausika gotra.\n16. \u00c2rya Phalgumitra of the Gautama gotra.\n17. \u00c2rya Dhanagiri of the V\u00e2sishtha gotra.\n18. \u00c2rya Sivabh\u00fbti of the Kautsa gotra.\n19. \u00c2rya Bhadra of the K\u00e2syapa gotra.\n20. \u00c2rya Nakshatra of the K\u00e2syapa gotra.\n21. \u00c2rya Raksha of the K\u00e2syapa gotra.\n22. \u00c2rya N\u00e2ga of the Gautama gotra.\n23. \u00c2rya Gehila 1 of the V\u00e2sishtha gotra.\n24. \u00c2rya Vishnu of the M\u00e2thara gotra.\n25. \u00c2rya K\u00e2laka of the Gautama gotra.\n26. \u00c2rya Sampalita and Bhadra, both of the Gautama gotra.\n27. \u00c2rya Vriddha of the Gautama gotra.\n28. \u00c2rya Sa\u1e45ghap\u00e2lita of the Gautama gotra.\n29. \u00c2rya Hastin of the K\u00e2syapa gotra.\n30. \u00c2rya Dharma of the Suvrata gotra.\n31. \u00c2rya Simha of the K\u00e2syapa gotra.\n32. \u00c2rya Dharma of the K\u00e2syapa gotra.\n33. \u00c2rya S\u00e2ndilya 2.\nBowing down my head, I pay my reverence to the Sthavira Gamb\u00fb of the Gautama gotra, who possessed steady virtue, good conduct, and knowledge. ix.\nI prostrate myself before the Sthavira Nandita of K\u00e2syapa gotra, who is possessed of great clemency and of knowledge, intuition, and good conduct. x.\nThen I adore the Ksham\u00e2sramana Desiganin of the K\u00e2syapa gotra, who, steady in his conduct, possesses the highest righteousness and virtue. xi.\nThen I prostrate myself before the Ksham\u00e2sramana Sthiragupta of the V\u00e2tsya gotra, the preserver of the sacred lore, the wise one, the ocean of wisdom, him of great virtue. xii.\nThen I adore the Sthavira prince, Dharma, the virtuous Ganin, who stands well in knowledge, intuition, good conduct, and penance, and is rich in virtues 1. xiii.\nI revere the Ksham\u00e2sramana Devarddhi of the K\u00e2syapa gotra, who wears, as it were, the jewel of the right understanding of the S\u00fbtras, and possesses the virtues of patience, self-restraint, and clemency. xiv.\n_______________________\nEnd of the List of the Sthaviras.\n286:1 Some spell this name Manditaputra; he and Mauryaputra were sons of the same mother, Vigayadev\u00ee, but different fathers; the former of Dhanadeva, the other of Maurya. I do not know any legend which connects this Maurya with a king of the Maurya dynasty, which besides would be impossible from a chronological point of view.\n287:1 The sum total of Sramanas is therefore 4711, while in \u00a7 134 it is stated to have been 14,000.\n287:2 I only give the facts. The names of those Sthaviras who continue the line are spaced. The names are given in their Sanskrit form which in many cases is well known, in others can easily be made out. In doubtful cases I have put the Pr\u00e2krit form in brackets.\n288:1 He is left out in some MSS.\n288:2 It is not quite clear what is meant by Gana, Kula, and S\u00e2kh\u00e2. Gana designates the school which is derived from one teacher; Kula the succession of teachers in one line; S\u00e2kh\u00e2 the lines which branch off from each teacher. These terms seem to be disused in modern times, for the four principal divisions called after N\u00e2gendra, Kandra, Nivritti, and Vidy\u00e2dhara are generally called Kulas, but also occasionally S\u00e2kh\u00e2s. They go back to Vagra according to some, to Vagrasena according to others. The modern Gakkha appears equivalent with the ancient Gana.\n289:1 T\u00eesabhadda, translated Tridasabhadra.\n289:2 Or Sumanabhadra.\n289:3 Or P\u00fbrnibhadra.\n290:1 Suhastin is said to have converted Samprati, grandson and successor of Asoka. The correctness of this statement is open to doubt; but at any rate Suhastin must have been one of the most important patriarchs, for under and immediately after him the spread of Gainism must have been uncommonly vigorous, as is proved by the great number of Kulas and S\u00e2kh\u00e2s at that time.\n294:1 A various reading has Getthila = Gyeshtha.\n294:2 This list in prose from 17 down to 33 is wanting in some MSS. I think that S\u00e2ndilya is the same as Skandila, who was president of the council of Mathur\u00e2, which seems to have been the rival of that in Valabh\u00ee; see notes to my edition of the Kalpa S\u00fbtra, p. 117.\nIt deserves to be noticed that the gotra of S\u00e2ndilya is not given, while that of the remaining Sthaviras is specialised. This seems to prove that his name is a later addition to the list.\nAfter the prose list all MSS. have eight g\u00e2th\u00e2s, in which the names 16-32, given above, are repeated. Instead of translating these verses, which contain little more than a string of names, I only note down the differences from the above list. After 18 is added Durgaya Krishna, a Kautika; Nakshatra is shortened, metri causa, to Nakkha; the gotra of Sa\u1e45ghap\u00e2lita is K\u00e2syapa instead of Gautama; after 30 are inserted Hasta of the K\u00e2syapa gotra and Dharma.\nAfter these g\u00e2th\u00e2s follow five more, which are wanting in some MSS., and are not commented upon. The last (14th) g\u00e2th\u00e2 is p. 295 found in all MSS. It brings the list down to the president of the council of Valabh\u00ee. (The translation of the g\u00e2th\u00e2s ix-xiv is given in full in the text.)\n295:1 The Sthaviras named in verses ix-xiii are probably not to be regarded as following each other in a continuous line, but rather as famous Sthaviras praised here for some reason or other (p\u00fbg\u00e2rtham). At least the first, Gamb\u00fb, seems to be the same with Gamb\u00fb, the second of the list, who was also a K\u00e2syapa.","title":"Jaina Sutras, Part I (SBE22): Lives of the G<...","type":"page"}