{"collection":"Jainism","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/browse/jai/sbe45/sbe4541.htm","path":"jai/sbe45/sbe4541.htm","source_url":"https://sacred-texts.com/jai/sbe45/sbe4541.htm","text":"Jaina Sutras, Part II (SBE45), tr. by Hermann Jacobi, [1895]\nIf a monk should eat forbidden food which a pious (layman) has prepared for some guest, and which food has been mixed up with even thousand (times more\npure food) 1, he would be neither monk nor layman. (1)\nSramanas who do not comprehend this and do not know what is dangerous, who care for the pleasures of the moment only, will suffer death an endless number of times, like big 2 fishes who when the water rises are by the water (deposited) on dry land and are killed (there), poor things, by hungry dha\u1e45kas and herons. (2-4)\nWe hear also of another error of some (philosophers): some say that the world has been created (or is governed) 3 by the gods, others, by Brahman. (5) Some 4 say that it has been created by the \u00cesvara, others that it was produced from chaos, &c., this world with living beings and lifeless things, with its variety of pleasure and pain. (6)\nThe great Rishi 5 said, that the world has been created by Svayambh\u00fb; M\u00e2ra originated M\u00e2y\u00e2, therefore the world (appears to be) uneternal. (7)\nSome Br\u00e2hmanas and Sramanas say that the\nuniverse was produced from the (primeval) egg, and He (Brahman) created the things. These ignorant men speak untruth. (8)\nThose who on arguments of their own maintain that the world has been created, do not know the truth. Nor will (the world) ever perish. (9)\nKnow that misery arises from wicked deeds 1. How can those who do not know the origin (of misery) know its prevention? (10)\nSome say that the soul (of him who is) pure will become free from bad Karman (on reaching beatitude), but that in that state it will again become defiled through pleasant excitement or hate. (11)\n(According to them 2) he who has lived on earth as a restrained monk, will afterwards become free from Karman. As clear water which was free from defilement becomes again defiled, so (will be the soul). (12)\nA wise man should consider that these (heretics) do not lead a life of chastity, and that all these disputants proclaim their own creed in opposition (to the others). (13)\n(Others 3 maintain that) perfection can only be reached by their method of religious life, not otherwise; and that even before (that time) they have\ntheir senses under control and possess everything to be wished for 1. (14)\nSome say that they will be perfected and sound.\nOn the head of Perfection some men are infatuated with their own doctrines. (15)\nBut these uncontrolled (men) will whirl round in the beginningless (Circle of Births); after a Kalpa they will rise from their sphere to become the lowest of Asuras 2. (16)\nThus I say.\n244:1 This might also be translated: 'though the food passes through the hands of a thousand men before he accepts it.'\n244:2 V\u00eas\u00e2liya = vais\u00e2lika. The commentators offer three explanations of this word, (1) marine, vis\u00e2lah samudras tatrabhav\u00e2h; (2) belonging to the genus called vis\u00e2la; (3) big, vis\u00e2la.\n244:3 D\u00eavautt\u00ea. This is either d\u00eavair uptah, sown, i.e. produced by the gods, or d\u00eavair guptah, governed by the gods.\n244:4 The adherents of the Y\u00f4ga and S\u00e2\u1e45khya philosophy, or the theistical and atheistical followers of the latter, are apparently meant by 'some' and 'others.'\n244:5 The commentators unfortunately have not preserved the name of the great Rishi; they identify Svayambh\u00fb with Vishnu 'or some one else.' This Svayambh\u00fb, afraid that the earth should become overcrowded, called to help Yama, alias M\u00e2ra, who with the help of M\u00e2y\u00e2 makes the creatures appear to die.\n245:1 It is not given us by any of the above-mentioned agents whom the opponents believe to have created the world.\n245:2 According to S\u00eel\u00e2\u1e45ka the followers of G\u00f4s\u00e2la and the Trair\u00e2sikas are meant. The latter are the Gaina followers of the Vais\u00eashika philosophy. The Trair\u00e2sika S\u00e2kh\u00e2 was founded by Khaluka R\u00f4hagupta, see part i, p. 290. The name Trair\u00e2sika is said to have been given to these philosophers because they admit a third state besides those of the bound and of the liberated.\n245:3 According to S\u00eel\u00e2\u1e45ka the Saivas and Ekadandins are meant.\n246:1 They acquire the eight siddhis or magical powers.\n246:2 I translate the words th\u00e2n\u00e2 \u00e2surakivvisiy\u00e2 according to the explanation of the commentary. But they may also mean: from the sphere of Asuras and sinners.","title":"Jaina Sutras, Part II (SBE45): S\u00fbtrakrit\u00e2\u1e45ga: Book 1, Lecture 1, Chapter 3","type":"page"}