{"collection":"pac","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/browse/pac/om/om36.htm","path":"pac/om/om36.htm","source_url":"https://sacred-texts.com/pac/om/om36.htm","text":"1 Brandes, 1894a, p. 35; Bezemer, p. 87.\n2 For other versions in which the tortoise so tricks the ape see Sunda, Kern, 1900, p. 367; Kangean Islands, van Ronkel, p. 71; Cham, Landes, 1900, pp. 235 ff.; Annam, id. 1886b, p. 115; Cambodia, Aymonier, pp. 30 ff.\n3 Brandes, 1894a, p. 35. For other versions see Sunda, Kern, 1900, p. 367; Sumatra (Achin), Hurgronje, ii. 163; (Lampong) van Ophuijsen, pp. 129, 140; Kangean Islands, van Ronkel, p. 72; Borneo, Westenek, 1899, p. 198; (Milanau) Low, i. 347; (Bajau) Evans, p. 474; Celebes (Toradja), Adriani, 1902a, p. 392; Sangir Islands, Adriani, 1893, pp. 359, 367, 386; Halmahera (Galela), van Dijken, p. 205; Cham, Landes, 1900, pp. 235 ff.\n4 Brandes, 1894a, p. 36; Sangir Islands, Adriani, 1893, pp. 368, 385; Chain, Landes, 1900, pp. 235 ff.; Cambodia, loc. cit.; Annam, id. 1886b, p. 215.\n5 This is the Sundanese version, Kern, 1900, p. 366; Brandes, 1894b, p. 382. For other versions see Sumatra (Achin), Hurgronje, ii. 163; (Lampong) van Ophuijsen, p. 128; Malay, Brandes, loc. cit.; Borneo, Westenek, 1899, p. 199; (Milanau) Low, i. 347; (Bajau) Evans, p. 474; Celebes (Toradja), Adriani, 1902a, p. 392; (Tontemboan) Juynboll, p. 317; Sangir Islands, Adriani, 1893, p. 359; Halmahera (Galela), van Dijken, p. 206; Cham, Landes, 1900, pp. 235 ff.; Cambodia, Aymonier, pp. 30 ff.; Annam, Landes, 1886b, p. 116.\n6 Westenek, 1899, p. 19S. For other versions see Crossland, i. 343; (Bajau) Evans, p. 471; Java, Brandes, 1894a, p. 37; Sunda, Kern, 1900, p. 374; Sumatra (Lampong), van Ophuijsen, p. 129; Malay, Brandes, 1894b, p. 62; Celebes (Minahassa), Louwerier, 1876, p. 58; (Toradja) Adriani, 1898, p. 365; Sangir Islands, Adriani, 1893, p. 393; Halmahera (Galela), van Dijken, p. 210.\n8 Admiralty Islands, Parkinson, p. 713; New Guinea (Kuni), Egidi, 1913, p. 997.\n9 Java, Brandes, 1894a, pp. 40, 133. For other versions see Borneo (Milanau), Low, i. 347; (Dusun) Evans, p. 477; Philippines (Visayan), Maxfield and Millington, 1907, p. 313; Cham, Landes, 1900, pp. 235 ff.; Cambodia, Aymonier, pp. 30 ff.\n10 Java, Brandes, 1894a, p. 39. For other versions see ib. pp. 47, 134, 140; Sunda, Kern, 1900, p. 359; Sumatra (Achin), Hurgronje, ii. 163; (Lampong) van Ophuijsen, p. 126; Borneo, Westenek, 1899, p. 201; (Bajau) Evans, p. 475; Celebes (Minahassa), Louwerier, 1876, p. 66; (Toradja) Adriani, 1902a, p. 390; Halmahera (Galela), van Dijken, p. 199; Japan, Serrurier, in Adriani, 1898, p. 344, note.\n11 Java, Brandes, 1894a, p. 39; Winsedt, p. 63; Sunda, Kern, 1900, p. 359; Sumatra (Achin), Hurgronje, ii. 63; (Lampong) van Ophuijsen, p. 127; (Batak) van der Tuuk, p. 215; Pleyte, 1894, p. 267; Borneo, Westenek, 1899, p. 200; (Bajau) Evans, p. 475; Celebes (Minahassa), Louwerier, 1876, p. 65; (Toradja) Adriani, 1898, p. 359; id. 1903, p. 391; Sangir Islands, id. 1893, pp. 406, 409; Halmahera (Galela), van Dijken, p. 199; Cambodia, Landes, 1900, pp. 235 ff.; id. 1886b, p. 117; Malay Peninsula (Perak), Laidlaw, p. 81; India, Frere, p. 211. In some of the versions the captive either makes the crocodile laugh or open his mouth to give the conqueror's cry, and so escapes.\n12 Java, Brandes, 1894a, p. 48; Sumatra (Lampong), van Ophuijsen, p. 127; Borneo, Westenek, 1899, p. 200; Celebes (Minahassa), Louwerier, 1876, p. 65; Sangir Islands, Adriani, 1893, p. 406; Halmahera (Galela), van Dijken, p. 200; Cambodia, Aymonier, pp. 30 ff.; India, Frere, p. 211. In some of these versions the crocodile, instead of floating in the stream, hides in the trickster's house. When the latter comes, he says, \"If it is my house, it will answer when I call,\" and the crocodile, answering, betrays himself.\n13 Java, Brandes, 1894a, p. 45; Winsedt, p. 68; Sumatra (Lampong), van Ophuijsen, p. 135; Halmahera (Loda), van Baarda, p. 489; India, Hitopadesa, I. iv. 9; J\u00e2taka, No. 16.\n14 Java, Brandes, 1894a, pp. 37, 132; for other versions see id. 1903, p. 84; Winsedt, p. 68; Sunda, Kern, 1900, p. 366; Sumatra (Lampong), van Ophuijsen, p. 126; (Batak) Pleyte, 1894, p. 209; Borneo, Low, i. 347; Celebes (Minahassa), Schwarz, p. 312; (Toradja) Adriani, 1903, pp. 123, 125; Halmahera (Loda), van Baarda, p. 492; Philippines, Maxfield and Millington, 1906, p. 108; Cambodia, Aymonier, pp. 30 ff.; Annam, Landes, 1886b, p. 116. The details vary slightly, but the idea is the same in all.\n15 Celebes (Toradja), Adriani, 1910) p. 3 11; Java, Brandes, 1894a, pp. 43, 135; Malay, id. 1894b, p. 54.\n16 See previous note and Java, Brandes, 1903, p. 81; for other versions see Sunda, Kern, 1908, p. 62; Malay Peninsula (Kedah), Skeat, 1901, p. 28; India, Keith-Falconer, p. 27.\n17 Java, Brandes, 1894a, p. 43; Malay Peninsula (Kelantan), Skeat, 1901. p. 45; India, Sukasaptati, No. 44.\n18 Sumatra (Lampong), van Ophuijsen, p. 133; (Achin) Hurgronje, ii. 161; Java, Brandes, 1903, p. 83; Sunda, Kern, 1900, p. 370; Borneo, Westenek, 1899, p. 209; (Bajau) Evans, p. 475; Celebes (Toradja), Adriani, 1898, p. 362; id. 1910, p. 209; Halmahera (Galela), van Dijken, p. 222; Philippines (Visayan), Maxfield and Millington, 1907, p. 315; (Tinguian) Cole, 1915, p. 198; Malay Peninsula (Pahang), Skeat, 1901, p. 331; Cambodia, Aymonier, pp. 30 ff.\n19 Celebes (Toradja), Adriani, 1902a, p. 389; (Minahassa) Riedel, 1869c, p. 311; P. N. Wilken, p. 382; (Parigi) Adriani, 1898, p. 344; Sangir Islands, Adriani, 1893, pp. 366, 382; Halmahera (Galela), van Dijken, p. 198; Borneo (Dusun), Evans, p. 429.\n20 Celebes (Toradja), Adriani, 1898, pp. 344,346; id. 1902a, p. 390; Sangir Islands, Adriani, 1893, pp. 351, 356, 366, 373, 383; Halmahera (Tobelo), van Dijken, p. 240; Borneo (Dusun), Evans, p. 430; Malay Peninsula (Kelantan), Skeat, 1901, p. 6.\n21 Landes, 1886b, p. 114.\n22 Keith-Falconer, p. 164.\n23 Nauru, Hambruch, p. 450.\n24 New Guinea (Astrolabe Bay and Finschhafen), Hagen, p. 284; (Goodenough Bay) Seligmann, p. 410; Banks Islands, Codrington, p. 36 (cf. Fiji, Fison, p. 22).\n25 Funafuti, David, p. 100.\n26 Celebes (Minahassa), Louwerier, 1876, p. 55; Riedel, 1869b, p. 313; Sangir Islands, Adriani, 1893, p. 44; Halmahera (Galela), van Dijken, p. 205; Java, Kern, 1892, p. 17; Philippines (Bagobo), Benedict, p. 58; (Visayan) Maxfield and Millington, 1907, p. 316; (Tagalog) Rizal, p: 245; (Tinguian) Cole, 1915, p. 195.\n27 Rizal, p. 245.\n28 Banks Islands, Codrington, p. 360.\n29 Celebes (Toradja), Adriani, 1898, p. 357; id. 1910, p. 196; (Minahassa) Riedel, 1869b, p. 311; P. N. Wilken, p. 383; Louwerier, 1876, p. 58; (Parigi) Adriani, 1898, p. 358; Sangir Islands, id. 1893, pp. 406, 420; Rotti, Jonker, 1905, p. 411.\n30 Meier, 1909, pp. 49, 187. Cf. Solomon Islands, Fox and Drew, p. 204.\n31 Halmahera (Galela), van Dijken, p. 207; Celebes (Toradja), Adriani, 1902a, p. 407; (Minahassa) Riedel, 1869b, p. 313; Philippines (Bagobo), Benedict, p. 59; (Visayan) Maxfield and Millington, 1907, p. 317; (Tinguian) Cole, 1915, p. 195; Borneo, Hose and Macdougall, ii. 148.\n32 Halmahera (Galela), van Dijken, p. 208; Riedel, 1869b, p. 313; Celebes (Toradja), Adriani, 1902a, p. 407; (Minahassa) P. N. Wilken, p. 382; Sangir Islands, Louwerier, 1876, p. 55; Philippines (Bagobo), Benedict, p. 60; (Visayan) Maxfield and Millington, 1907, p. 317; (Tinguian) Cole, 1915, p. 195; cf. New Zealand, Grey, p. 125.\n33 Halmahera (Galela), van Dijken, p. 208; Celebes (Minahassa), Riedel, 1869b, p. 314; Philippines (Bagobo), Benedict, p. 60; (Visayan) Maxfield and Millington, 1907, p. 318; cf. New Guinea (Nufoor), van Hasselt, p. 543; New Caledonia, Lambert, p. 317.\n34 Celebes (Toradja), Adriani, 1910, p. 309; cf. Melanesia, supra, p. 125.\n35 Celebes (Toradja), Adriani, 1910, p. 321.\n36 Java, Brandes, 1894a, p. 45; Winsedt, p. 62; Celebes (Minahassa), Louwerier, 1872, p. 36; Malay Peninsula (Kedah), Skeat, 1901, p. 20.\n37 Celebes (Tontemboan), Juynboll, p. 316; Malay Peninsula (Perak), Laidlaw, p. 87.\n38 Halmahera (Loda), van Baarda, p. 478; Celebes (Minahassa), Schwarz, p. 313; P. N. Wilken, p. 380; (Toradja) Adriani, 1903, p. 124; Sumbawa, Jonker, 1903, p. 280; Savoe, ib. p. 288; Borneo (Dusun), Evans, p. 428; Philippines (Visayan), Maxfield and Millington, 1906, p. 109; cf. New Hebrides, Suas, 1912, p. 38.\n39 Halmahera (Loda), van Baarda, p. 491; cf. New Guinea (Nufoor), van Hasselt, p. 559; (Kai) Keysser, p. 192.\n40 Celebes (Toradja), Adriani, 1902a, p. 426; id. 1910, p. 280; Borneo, Westenek, p. 205; Java, Brandes, 1894a, p. 40; Sumatra (Battak), van der Tuuk, p. 85; Pleyte, 1894, pp. 256, 310; (Achin) Hurgronje, ii. 162; Malay, Adriani, 1902a, p. 429; Malay Peninsula (Kelantan), Skeat, 1901, pp. 9, 12.\n41 Celebes (Toradja), Adriani, 1898, p. 356; id. 1902a, p. 432; (Minahassa) Riedel, 1869b, p. 311; Sangir Islands, Adriani, 1893, p. 424; Halmahera (Loda), van Baarda, p. 470; Mentawei Islands, Morris, p. 95. Cf. Japan, Serrurier, in Adriani, 1898, p. 357, note.","title":"Oceanic Mythology: Notes: Part III, Chapter II","type":"page"}