{"collection":"pac","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/browse/pac/om/om37.htm","path":"pac/om/om37.htm","source_url":"https://sacred-texts.com/pac/om/om37.htm","text":"1 Adriani, 18981 p. 368.\n2 Adriani, 1910, p. 297.\n3 (Loda) van Baarda, p. 465.\n4 Bezemer, pp. 46 ff.\n6 Sumatra (Battak), Pleyte, 1894, pp. 117, 222; (Achin) Hurgronje, ii. 125; Mentawei Islands, Morris, p. 56; Borneo (Kayan), Nieuwenhuis, i. 67; Celebes (Minahassa), Hickson, p. 264; (Toradja) Adriani, 1898, p. 367; id. 1910, p. 297; (Tontemboan) Schwarz and Adriani, pp. 91 ff.; (Toumboeloe) P. N. Wilken, p. 326; Sangir Islands, Adriani, 1894, p. 98; Ternate, Riedel, in TNI III. v, part 2, 439 ff. (1871); Philippines (Visayan), Maxfield and Millington, 1907, p. 95; (Igorot) Seidenadel, p. 548; (Tinguian) Cole, 1915, p. 108.\n7 New Guinea (Nufoor), van Hasselt, p. 534; New Hebrides, Codrington, pp. 172, 397; Suas, 1912, p. 54; Macdonald, 1892, p. 731.\n9 Celebes (Toradja), Adriani, 1910, pp. 226 ff.\n10 This special form of charm is wide-spread, often in the form, \"If I am the son of a diwata (Sanskrit devat\u00e2, 'divinity'),\" etc., etc. See for other examples Celebes (Toradja), Adriani, 1910, pp. 254, 300; Halmahera (Galela), van Dijken, pp. 395, 431; (Loda) van Baarda, pp. 410, 451, 472; (Tobelo) Hueting, pp. 244, 246, 248, 259, 278; Sangir Islands, Adriani, 1894, p. 135; Philippines (Subanun), Christie, p. 97.\n11 For other versions see Halmahera (Galela), van Dijken, p. 271; (Loda) van Baarda, pp. 398. 407, 453, 461; Sangir Islands, Adriani, 1894, p. 135; New Guinea (Nufoor), van Hasselt, p. 548; Annam, Landes, 1886b, p. 302.\n12 Halmahera (Galela), van Dijken, p. 398.\n13 (Toradja) Adriani, 1898, p. 365.\n16 For other versions see Celebes (Minahassa), P. N. Wilken, p. 323; (Bugi) Matthes, p. 441; Sumatra (Battak), Pleyte, 1894, pp. 1432 158, 297; Soemba, Wielenga, p. 176; Kei Islands, Pleyte, 1893, p. 563; Riedel, 1886, p. 217.\n17 Chamberlain, pp. 119 ff.\n18 F. Boas, Indianische Sagen von der Nord-Pacifischen K\u00fcste Amerikas, Berlin, 1895, pp. 94, 99, 149, 190, 238, 254, 289, 352; Cf. Pelew Islands, Kubary, quoted by Boas, p. 352.\n19 Halmahera (Loda), van Baarda, p. 444.\n20 For other versions (usually without this ending) see van Baarda, p. 458; (Tobelo) Hueting, p. 274; Sangir Islands, Adriani, 1894, p. 160; Borneo (Dusun), Evans, p. 456; (Sea Dyak) Perham, in H. L. Roth, 1896, i. 301; Nias, Sundermann, 1886, p. 317; New Guinea (Nufoor), van Hasselt, p. 556.\n21 Evans, p. 466.\n22 This incident is known in other tales also: Celebes (Minahassa), P. N. Wilken, p. 329; Hickson, p. 266; Borneo (Milanau), Low, i. 334; (Sea Dyak) Gomes, p. 294.\n23 For other versions see (Iban) Hose and Macdougall, ii. 146; Sangir Islands, Adriani, 1894, p. 77; Philippines (Visayan), Maxfield and Millington, 1907, p. 98; (Tinguian) Cole, 1915, pp. 101, 200; New Guinea (Nufoor), van Hasselt, p. 541; Cham, Landes, 1900, pp. 235 ff.; Cambodia, Lecl\u00e8re, p. 83; Annam, Landes, 1886b, p. 22.\n24 (Dusun) Evans, p. 457.\n25 (Tinguian) Cole, 1915, p. 33.\n26 The appearance of fire or a bright light marking the presence of a beautiful woman is an idea generally current in Malay and Indonesian tales.\n27 For other versions see Halmahera (Tobelo), Hueting, p. 257; (Galela) van Dijken, pp. 391, 394; Soemba, Wielenga, p. 167; Biliton, Riedel, 1868, p. 270; Sumatra (Battak), Pleyte, 1894, p. 94; Cham, Landes, 1900, pp. 235 ff.; Malay Peninsula, Skeat and Blagden, ii. 343.\n28 New Britain, von Pfeil, p. 151; Kleintitschen, p. 332; Meier, 1909, p. 35; New Guinea (Kai), Keysser, p. 168; (Goodenough Bay) Ker, p. 131.\n29 Halmahera (Loda), van Baarda, p. 433.\n30 The appearance of this distinctly Indian element is, of course, evidence that the tale is not wholly of native origin. The garuda seems often to take the place of the cannibal ogre who figures in less sophisticated stories from the tribes which were not so subject to extra-Indonesian influences.\n31 Cf. Sangir Islands, Adriani, 1893, pp. 367, 384; Tahiti, Leverd, 1912, p. 2; Federated Malay States (Perak), Laidlaw, 1906a, p. 66.\n32 For other examples of this incident see Halmahera (Galela), van Dijken, p. 264; (Loda) van Baarda, p. 455; (Tobelo) Hueting, p. 120; Celebes (Toradja), Adriani, 1898, p. 373; Sangir Islands, Adriani, 1894, p. 55; Philippines (Bagobo), Benedict, p. 46; for Melanesian examples see New Guinea (Nufoor), van Hasselt, p. 526; (Jabim) Zahn, p. 337; New Ireland, Peekel, p. 29. A variant type is that where the impersonator is an inanimate object: Philippines (Bagobo), Benedict, p. 43; Funafuti, David, p. 102; New Guinea (Cape King William), Stolz, p. 274; (Goodenough Bay) Ker, p. 232.\n33 This incident of a hidden person, revealed by reflection in the water, is wide-spread, not only in Indonesia, but farther east in Melanesia. For other examples see Halmahera (Tobelo), Hueting, p. 236; Celebes (Toradja), Adriani, 1902a, p. 461; Rotti, Jonker, 1905, p. 422; Philippines (Tinguian), Cole, 1915, p. 189; New Guinea (Nufoor), van Hasselt, p. 571; (Kai) Keysser, p. 164; New Britain, Meier, 1909, p. 85; Parkinson, p. 688; von Pfeil, p. 149; Torres Straits, Haddon, 1904, p. 89; Gray, p. 657.\n34 This incident of the deceitful reflection, for which a person dives in vain, is also wide-spread. For other examples see Halmahera (Tobelo), Hueting, p. 237; (Loda) van Baarda, p. 410; Rotti, Jonker, 1905, p. 422; Philippines (Bagobo), Benedict, p. 41; (Tinguian) Cole, 1915, p. 189; New Guinea (Nufoor), van Hasselt, p. 571; (Cape King William) Stolz, p. 264; Torres Straits, Haddon, 1904) p. 34; New Hebrides, Suas, 1911, p. 908.\n35 For other instances of the \"Ariadne\" theme see Halmahera (Loda), van Baarda, pp. 425, 468; New Guinea (Cape King William), Stolz, p. 275; (Kai) Keysser, p. 169.\n36 For other versions of this incident see Sangir Islands, Adriani, 1893, p. 368; id. 1894, p. 45; Halmahera (Tobelo), Hueting, p. 272; (Loda) van Baarda, p. 439.\n37 Sangir Islands, Adriani, 1894, pp. 52 ff.\n38 (Loda) van Baarda, p. 438.\n39 For other comparable versions see (Tobelo) Hueting, pp. 75, 272; Sangir Islands, Adriani, 1894, pp. 45, 60; Annam, Landes, 1886b, pp. 52 ff.; Chain, id. 1900, pp. 235 ff.; New Guinea (Nufoor), van Hasselt, p. 526.\n40 van Dijken, p. 430.\n41 (Tinguian) Cole, 1915, p. 94.\n42 The incident of the husband being sent to a distant place to get food or other objects of a special sort for his wife, who is about to give birth to a child, is not uncommon. See for other examples (Subanun) Christie, p. 96; Sumatra (Dairi Battak), see supra, Part III, Chapter I, Note 26; New Zealand, White, i. 68; Hawaii, Fornander, ii. 16.\n43 For other examples of a child born to a woman abandoned in a tree or pit, cf. New Guinea (Tami), Bamler, p. 537; (Goodenough Bay) Ker, p. 22; Funafuti, David, p. 107; and supra, p. 128.\n44 In Tinguian tales this is the usual method in which a child is born. For other examples see Cole, 1915, pp. 38, 81, 87, 93, 151, etc. Birth from a blister or boil, or from an unusual part of the body, is a common incident in Oceanic tales. For other instances see Micronesia, Nauru, Hambruch, pp. 387, 451; Caroline Islands, von Kotzebue, iii. 198; Melanesia, New Guinea (Wagawaga), Seligmann, p. 378; Fiji, Williams and Calvert, p. 171; Polynesia, Cook Group, Gill, 1876, p. 10; Society Group, Moerenhout, i. 426; Annam, Landes, 1886b, p. 174; India, D'Penha, p. 142.\n45 This incident strongly resembles that of Maui's return to his brothers; see supra, p. 42.\n46 Cf. for other examples of the life-token Halmahera (Loda), van Baarda, p. 484; Soemba, Wielenga, p. 61; New Guinea (Goodenough Bay), Ker, p. 61; Torres Straits, Haddon, 1904, p. 34; New Hebrides, Codrington, p. 401.\n47 See Cole, 1915, p. 18, note 1.\n48 (Loda) van Baarda, p. 394.\n49 For other examples of this incident see van Baarda, p. 459; Philippines (Tinguian), Cole, 1915, p. 75; Annam, Landes, 1886b, p. 184.\n50 Cf. (Tobelo) Hueting, p. 293.\n51 Celebes (Minahassa), p. N. Wilken, p. 304. For other versions see (Toradja) Adriani, 1898, p. 367; (Bugi) Matthes, p. 471; Halmahera (Tobelo), Hueting, pp. 249, 284; (Loda) van Baarda, p. 449; Sangir Islands, Adriani, 1894, p. 10; Philippines (Tagalog), Gardner, pp. 266, 270.\n52 For other versions of this incident see Celebes (Toradja), Adriani, 1898, p. 370; Halmahera (Tobelo), Hueting, p. 251; (Loda) van Baarda, p. 416; Bali, van Eerde, pp. 43, 47; Lombok, ib. p. 36; Soemba, Wielenga, p. 255; Philippines (Bagobo), Benedict, p. 53; Annam, Landes, 1886b, pp. 150, 174.","title":"Oceanic Mythology: Notes: Part III, Chapter III","type":"page"}