{"collection":"Zoroastrianism","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/browse/zor/sbe47/sbe4716.htm","path":"zor/sbe47/sbe4716.htm","source_url":"https://sacred-texts.com/zor/sbe47/sbe4716.htm","text":"Pahlavi Texts, Part V: Marvels of Zoroastrianism (SBE47), E.W. West, tr. [1897]\n1. The triumph of the creator A\u00fbharmazd, and glory of complete wisdom, is the divine (ah\u00fb\u00eeg) religion of Mazda-worship.\n2. The fifth book is about the sayings of the saintly \u00c2t\u00fbr-farnbag 1, son of Farukhz\u00e2d, who was the leader of the orthodox, even as to the manuscript which is called Gy\u00eamar\u00e2 2. 3. The collected replies of \u00c2t\u00fbr-farnbag,\nson of Farukhz\u00e2d, the leader of the orthodox, about several significant questions that are the wonder of the moderns, which are like the friendly words, spoken by him as to those of the ancient tribe 1 (k\u00e2mon-ram\u00e2n) who call it really their Gy\u00eamar\u00e2, which are obtaining 2 a like wonder for them openly accessible to him 3.\n4. About the unswerving and co-operating chieftainship of those forefathers who went in mutually-friendly command of troops, and the complete enclosure of that tribe within the military control of B\u00fbkht-Nars\u00eeh 4. 5. About the disabling of vicious habits and evil deeds, which are entirely connected, and of the heinous demon-worship and mischief which\nare owing to them, through the ruler Ka\u00ee-Lohar\u00e2sp 1t being sent, with B\u00fbkht-Nars\u00eeh, from the country of Ir\u00e2n to B\u00eat\u00e2-Makdis 2 of Ar\u00fbm, and their remaining in that quarter. 6. And the orthodox belief in the rude particulars of religious custom in the mutual deliberation of those of the tribe, the acquaintance with religion of a boor (dur\u00fbstak\u014f-1), the difficult arrangements, and the enquirer doubtful of the religion after the many controversial, deliberative, and cause-investigating questions and answers adapted to the importunities of that wordy disciple 3.\n7. About how the accepting of this religion by the prophets before Zarat\u00fbst occurred 4, how the pure and saintly Zarat\u00fbst of the Sp\u00eet\u00e2mas came 5, and who will afterwards come as bringers of the same pure and good religion hereafter 6. 8. That is, of the prophets, apostles, and accepters of the religion, there were they who accepted it concisely and completely such as G\u00e2y\u00f4mard was, from whom came irregularly (dur\u00fbstak\u014f) such as Masy\u00ea and S\u00eey\u00e2mak, H\u00e2\u00f4sh\u00e2ng, T\u00e2khm\u00f4rup, Yim, Fr\u00ead\u00fbn, M\u00e2n\u00fbsk\u00eehar, the S\u00e2m\u00e2n, the Kay\u00e2n, and also many other leaders in those times 7. 9. And their acceptance expressly at various times is produced for action, and thereby the adversity of the creatures is removed, benefit\nand prosperity are sought, the world is controlled, and the creator and good creations are propitiated.\n119:1 He was the leader of the orthodox about AD. 815-835, and held a religious disputation with the heretic Ab\u00e2lis in the presence of the Khal\u00eefah Al-M\u00e2m\u00fbn (A. n. 813-833), as detailed in the M\u00e2d\u00eeg\u00e2n-\u00ee Gugastak Ab\u00e2lis. He was also the first compiler of the D\u00eenkard, probably of its first two Books, which are not yet discovered, as well as of some of the materials for the other Books. (See S.B.E., vol. xxxvii, p. 411, n. 1.)\n119:2 The name of this MS. can be only guessed. It occurs three times in each of the two MS. authorities, B and K43, and the simplest reading of five of these six occurrences would be S\u00eemr\u00e2, so that the remaining one (Sarm\u00e2) may be neglected as a corruption. A final \u00e2 in Pahlavi is a very certain indication of a Semitic word, for if a final of similar form occurs in an Ir\u00e2nian word, it represents either h or kh; so if the name were Ir\u00e2nian, its most probable reading would be S\u00eemurkh. But, in \u00a7 3, it is intimated that the MS. belonged to an ancient tribe, or congregation (ram); it also seems, from Chap. IV, 8, 9, that the religion of this tribe was not so inconsistent with Zoroastrianism, as to prevent its members being taught that orthodox faith; and \u00a7\u00a7 4, 5 of the present chapter appear to quote from that MS. some p. 120 particulars regarding the siege of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar. From these circumstances we may suspect that \u00c2t\u00fbr-farnbag, while collecting materials for his D\u00eenkard, had asked some Jewish friends what information their MSS. contained regarding the old Persians, as the two peoples had been in contact, more or less, ever since the time of the Achaemenian dynasty. If he did so enquire, the Jews would naturally search in the Talmud, in which references to the Persians still survive, though the text is no longer complete. The question is, therefore, whether the MS., whose name has been provisionally read S\u00eemr\u00e2, can have had any connection with the Talmud. It will be at once evident to any Pahlavi student that Pahl. s\u00ee may be read gy\u00ea equally well, and that we have no better reason for reading S\u00eemr\u00e2 than for the Gy\u00eamar\u00e2, which has been put into the text, as a suggestion that \u00c2t\u00fbr-farnbag was really referring to the Gemar\u00e2 of the Jews, the supplement to their commentary upon Scripture. Whether this can be clearly proved remains to be seen, and positive evidence seems scanty.\n120:1 Or 'congregation.'\n120:2 Or 'including (van dig).'\n120:3 Pahl. 'm\u00fbns\u00e2n\u014f ham-shk\u00fbp-vind\u00eeg fr\u00e2z a\u00fbbas yehamt\u00fbnisn\u00eeg.' From which it appears as if there had been a mutual interchange of information between him and his Jewish friends.\n120:4 The Pahlavi form of Bu\u2018ht-i-na\u0293ar, or Nebuchadnezzar.\n121:1 The father of Ka\u00ee-Vist\u00e2sp (see Bd. XXXI, 8, 29; XXXIV, 7). His expedition to Jerusalem is mentioned in Pahl. Mkh. XXVIII, 67, and by some Arab writers.\n121:2 'The holy place,' a title of Jerusalem.\n121:3 Not identified. From this point to Chap. IV, 7, \u00c2t\u00fbr-farnbag must have used the same authorities as the writer of Dk. VII; but he returns to the Gy\u00eamar\u00e2 in Chap. IV, 8.\n121:4 Dk. VII, i, 7-40.\n121:5 Ibid. 41.\n121:6 Ibid. 42.\n121:7 See the details in Dk. VII, i, 7-40. \u00a7\u00a7 1-8 have been already translated in Grundriss der iranischen Philologie, ii. 93-94.","title":"Pahlavi Texts, Part V: Marvels of Zoroastrianism: D\u00eenkard.\u2014Book V: Chapter I","type":"page"}