{"collection":"scripture-revelation","full_text_available":true,"graph_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/v2/api/page/gutenberg_16044/graph","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/v2/page/gutenberg_16044","id":"gutenberg_16044","license":"Public Domain (US)","rights_basis":"gutenberg_metadata_copyright_false","source":"gutenberg","source_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/16044","summary":null,"tags":["Category: Religion/Spirituality","Category: Science-Fiction & Fantasy","Cosmology -- Early works to 1800"],"text":"Produced by Juliet Sutherland, William Flis, and the Online\nDistributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net\n\n\n\n\n\n\nEARTHS IN OUR SOLAR SYSTEM\n\nWHICH ARE CALLED PLANETS\n\nAND\n\nEARTHS IN THE STARRY HEAVEN\n\nTHEIR INHABITANTS, AND THE SPIRITS AND ANGELS THERE\n\nFROM THINGS HEARD AND SEEN\n\n\n\n_FROM THE LATIN_\n\nOF\n\nEMANUEL SWEDENBORG\n\n\nSWEDENBORG SOCIETY (Incorporated) 20-21 BLOOMSBURY WAY, LONDON, W.C.1\n1962\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\n_The issues of this volume in a demy 8vo edition by the Swedenborg\nSociety have been:--_\n\n  _First Edition_   1860\n  _Second Edition_  1875\n  _Third Edition_   1894\n  _Reprinted_       1909\n        \"                1931\n        \"                1940\n        \"                1962\n\n_For other editions, see \"A Bibliography of the Works of Emanuel\nSwedenborg\"_ (JAMES HYDE).\n\n\n\n_Printed in Great Britain by Morrison & Gibb Ltd., London and\nEdinburgh_\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nTABLE OF CONTENTS.\n\n                               NOS.\n\n  EARTHS IN THE UNIVERSE,      1-8\n\n  THE PLANET MERCURY,      9-45\n\n  THE PLANET JUPITER,      46-84\n\n  THE PLANET MARS,      85-96\n\n  THE PLANET SATURN,      97-104\n\n  THE PLANET VENUS,      105-110\n\n  THE MOON,      111, 112\n\n  REASONS WHY THE LORD WILLED TO BE BORN ON OUR EARTH, AND NOT ON\n          ANY OTHER,      113-122\n\n  EARTHS IN THE STARRY HEAVEN,      123-126\n\n  THE FIRST EARTH IN THE STARRY HEAVEN,      127-137\n\n  THE SECOND EARTH IN THE STARRY HEAVEN,      138-147\n\n  THE THIRD EARTH IN THE STARRY HEAVEN,      148-156\n\n  THE FOURTH EARTH IN THE STARRY HEAVEN,      157-167\n\n  THE FIFTH EARTH IN THE STARRY HEAVEN,      168-178\n\n\n                                     PAGE\n\n  INDEX OF SUBJECTS,                  101\n\n  INDEX OF SCRIPTURE REFERENCES,      106\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nEARTHS IN THE UNIVERSE.\n\n\n1. Inasmuch as, by the Divine mercy of the Lord, the interiors which\nare of my spirit have been opened in me, and it has thereby been given\nme to speak with spirits and angels, not only with those who are near\nour Earth, but also with those who are near other earths; and since I\nhad an ardent desire to know whether there were other earths, and to\nknow their character and the character of their inhabitants; it has\nbeen granted me by the Lord to speak and have intercourse with spirits\nand angels who are from other earths, with some for a day, with\nsome for a week, with some for months; and to be instructed by them\nrespecting the earths from and near which they were, and concerning\nthe life, customs, and worship of their inhabitants, besides various\nother things there that are worthy of note. And since it has been\ngiven me to become acquainted with these matters in this way, it is\npermitted me to describe them from the things which I have heard and\nseen. It is necessary that it be known that all spirits and angels are\nfrom the human race[a], and that they are near their own earths[b],\nand are acquainted with what is upon them; and that a man may be\ninstructed by them, if his interiors are so far opened as to enable\nhim to speak and be in company with them: for man in his essence is\na spirit[c], and is in company with spirits as to his interiors[d];\nwherefore he whose interiors are opened by the Lord, is able to speak\nwith them, as man with man[e]. It has now been granted me to enjoy\nthis privilege daily for twelve years.\n\n[Footnote: _From the_ ARCANA COELESTIA: _in which work these and\nsubsequent articles, which are inserted below the line, are explained\nand shown._]\n\n[Footnote a: There are no spirits and angels who are not from the\nhuman race, no. 1880.]\n\n[Footnote b: The spirits of every earth are near their own earth,\nbecause they are of its inhabitants, and of a similar genius; and they\nare meant to be of service to them, no. 9968.]\n\n[Footnote c: The soul, which lives after death, is the spirit of man,\nwhich in a man is the man himself, and also appears in the other life\nin a perfect human form, nos. 322, 1880, 1881, 3633, 4622, 4735, 6054,\n6605, 6626, 7021, 10594.]\n\n[Footnote d: Man, even during his abode in the world, is, as to his\ninteriors, consequently as to his spirit or soul, in the midst of\nspirits and angels who are of such a character as he himself is, nos.\n2379, 3645, 4067, 4073, 4077.]\n\n[Footnote e: Man is capable of speaking with spirits and angels, and\nthe ancients on our Earth frequently spoke with them, nos. 67, 68, 69,\n784, 1634, 1636, 7802. But at the present day it is dangerous for man\nto speak with them, unless he be in a true faith, and be led by the\nLord, nos. 784, 9438, 10751.]\n\n2. That there are many earths, and men upon them, and spirits and\nangels from them, is very well known in the other life; for in that\nlife, every one who from a love of the truth and consequent use\ndesires it, is allowed to speak with the spirits of other earths, so\nas to be convinced that there is a plurality of worlds, and informed\nthat the human race is not from one earth only, but from numberless\nearths; and so as to be informed, besides, of what genius and life\nthey are, and of what character their Divine worship is.\n\n3. I have sometimes spoken on this subject with the spirits of our\nEarth, and it was said that a man of sound understanding may conclude,\nfrom many things which he knows, that there are more earths than one,\nand that there are human beings upon them. For it is an inference of\nreason, that such huge bodies as the planets are, some of which exceed\nthis Earth in magnitude, are not empty bodies, created only to be\ncarried and to rotate around the sun, and to shine with their scanty\nlight (_lumen_) for the benefit of one earth only; but that they must\nneeds have a nobler use than this. He who believes, as every one ought\nto believe, that the Divine created the universe for no other end\nthan the existence of the human race, and of a heaven from it (for\nthe human race is the seminary of heaven), cannot but believe that\nwherever there is an earth, there are human beings. That the planets,\nwhich are visible to our eyes, being within the boundaries of this\nsolar system, are earths, may be clearly seen from the following\nconsiderations. They are bodies of earthy matter, because they reflect\nthe sun's light (_lumen_), and, when seen through the telescope,\nappear, not as stars shining from their flame, but as earths\n(_terrae_) variegated with dark spots. Like our Earth, they are\ncarried round the sun and advance progressively through the path of\nthe zodiac, which motion causes years, and seasons of the year, which\nare spring, summer, autumn, and winter. They likewise rotate upon\ntheir own axis, just as our Earth does, and this rotation causes days,\nand times of the day, that is, morning, mid-day, evening, and\nnight. And moreover, some of them also have moons, which are called\nsatellites, which perform their revolutions around their globes in\nstated times, as the moon does around ours. The planet Saturn, because\nit is so very far distant from the sun, has also a great luminous\nring, which supplies that earth with much, although reflected, light.\nHow is it possible for any one who is acquainted with these facts, and\nthinks from reason, to assert that such bodies are uninhabited?\n\n4. I have, moreover, spoken with spirits [to the effect] that men may\nbe led to believe that there are more earths in the universe than one,\nby considering the immensity of the starry heaven with its innumerable\nstars, each of which, in its own place, that is, in its own system, is\na sun, and like our sun, but differs in magnitude. Any one who rightly\nweighs these facts must conclude that so immense a whole cannot but be\nthe means to an end which is the final end of creation, and that this\nend is a heavenly kingdom, in which the Divine may dwell with angels\nand men. For the visible universe, that is, the heaven resplendent\nwith such an innumerable multitude of stars, which are so many suns,\nis merely a means for the existence of earths, and of human beings\nupon them, from whom a heavenly kingdom [may be formed]. From these\nconsiderations a rational man cannot but think that a means so immense\nto an end so great was not provided for a human race, and a heaven\nfrom them, from one earth only. What would this be to the Divine,\nwho is infinite, and to whom thousands, yea, myriads, of earths,\nall filled with inhabitants, would be but a little thing and almost\nnothing!\n\n5. Besides, the angelic heaven is so immense that it corresponds to\neach single part in man, myriads [of angels corresponding] to each\nmember, and organ, and viscus, and to each affection of them; and\nit has been given me to know that this heaven, as to all its\ncorrespondences, cannot possibly exist except from the inhabitants of\nvery many earths[f].\n\n[Footnote f: Heaven corresponds to the Lord, and man, as to all things\nin general and particular, corresponds to heaven; and hence heaven,\nbefore the Lord, is a Man in a large effigy, and may be called the\nGrand or Greatest Man, nos. 2996, 2998, 3624-3649, 3741-3746, 4625.\nConcerning the correspondence of man, and of all things pertaining to\nhim, with the Grand Man, which is heaven, in general, from experience,\nnos. 3021, 3624-3649, 3741-3751, 3883-3896, 4039-4055, 4218-4218-4228,\n4318-4331, 4403-4421, 4523-4533, 4622-4633, 4652-4660, 4791-4805,\n4931-4953, 5050-5061, 5171-5189, 5377-5396, 5552-5573, 5711-5727,\n10030.]\n\n6. There are spirits whose sole study is the acquisition of knowledges\nfinding in them their only delight. These spirits are therefore\npermitted to wander about, and even to pass beyond this solar system\ninto others, and procure knowledges. They have stated that there are\nearths in immense numbers, inhabited by human beings, not only in this\nsolar system, but in the starry heaven beyond it. These spirits are\nfrom the planet Mercury.\n\n7. With regard, in general, to the Divine worship of the inhabitants\nof other earths: all there, who are not idolaters, acknowledge the\nLord to be the One only God; for they adore the Divine, not as an\ninvisible Divine, but as visible, for this reason, besides others,\nthat when the Divine appears to them it is in the Human Form, as He\nformerly did to Abraham and others on this Earth [g]; and all who\nadore the Divine under the Human Form are accepted by the Lord [h].\nThey also say that no one can worship God rightly, and still less be\nconjoined with Him, unless he comprehends Him by some idea, and that\nGod cannot be comprehended except in the Human Form; and that if He\nbe not thus comprehended, the interior sight, which is that of the\nthought, concerning God, is dissipated, as is the sight of the eye,\nwhen looking into the universe with nothing to limit the view; and\nthat then the thought cannot but fall into nature, and worship it\ninstead of God.\n\n[Footnote g: The inhabitants of all the earths adore the Divine Being\nunder the Human Form, consequently the Lord, nos. 8541-8547, 10159,\n10736, 10737, 10738. And they rejoice when they hear that God actually\nbecame Man, no. 9361. It is impossible to think of God except in the\nHuman Form, nos. 8705, 9359, 9972. Man is able to worship and love\nthat of which he has some idea, but not that of which he has no idea,\nnos. 4733, 5110, 5663, 7211, 9167, 10067.]\n\n[Footnote h: The Lord receives all who are in good, and who adore the\nDivine under the Human Form, nos. 9359, 7178.]\n\n8. When they were told that the Lord assumed the Human on our Earth,\nthey pondered for awhile, and then said that it was done for the\nsalvation of the human race.\n\n\n\n\nTHE EARTH OR PLANET MERCURY, AND ITS SPIRIT AND INHABITANTS\n\n\n9. That the entire heaven resembles one man, who is therefore called\nthe Grand or Greatest Man (_Maximus Homo_), and that all things in\ngeneral and particular in man, both his exteriors and interiors,\ncorrespond to that man or to heaven, is an arcanum as yet unknown in\nthe world; but that it is so has been shown in many passages[i].\nBut to constitute that Grand Man, those who come from our Earth into\nheaven are insufficient, being comparatively few; they must come from\nmany other earths: and it is provided by the Lord that as soon as\nthere is in any part a deficiency in the quality or quantity of the\ncorrespondence, those who may supply it shall be immediately summoned\nfrom another earth, in order that the proportion may be preserved, and\nheaven by this means maintain its consistence.\n\n[Footnote i: See note f.]\n\n10. It has also been disclosed to me from heaven, what the spirits\nfrom the planet Mercury have relation to in the Grand Man, namely,\nthat they have relation to the memory, but to the memory of things\nabstracted from earthly and merely material things. As, however, it\nhas been given me to speak with them, and this for many weeks, and to\nlearn of what character they are, and to examine how the inhabitants\nof that earth are circumstanced, I wish to adduce the experiences\nthemselves.\n\n11. Some spirits came to me, and it was stated from heaven that they\nwere from the earth nearest to the sun, which on our Earth is called\nthe planet Mercury. Immediately on their coming they sifted out of my\nmemory the things that I knew. This, spirits can do most skilfully,\nfor when they come to a man they see in his memory all the particulars\nit contains[j]. While passing in review the various things, and, among\nothers, the cities and places where I had been, I observed that they\nhad no wish to know the temples, palaces, houses, and streets, but\nonly the things I knew to have been done in them, also the things that\nrelated to the government there, and to the genius and manners of the\ninhabitants, and other similar things; for such matters are closely\nassociated with the places in a man's memory, so that when the places\nare called to mind, these matters also suggest themselves. I was\nsurprised to find them of such a character, and therefore inquired\nwhy they disregarded the magnificent objects of the places, and only\ninquired into the facts and transactions connected with them. They\nsaid that they had no delight in regarding material, corporeal, and\nterrestrial things, but only things that are real. Hence it was proved\nthat the spirits of that earth, in the Grand Man, have relation to the\nmemory of things abstracted from material and terrestrial things.\n\n[Footnote j: Spirits enter into all things of man's memory, and do\nnot [insinuate anything] from their own [memory] into the man's, nos.\n2488, 5863, 6192, 6193, 6198, 6199, 6214. The angels enter into\nthe affections and ends, from which and for the sake of which a man\nthinks, wills, and acts in such or such a manner in preference to\nevery other, nos. 1317, 1645, 5844.]\n\n12. I was told that the life of the inhabitants of that earth is such,\nnamely, that they do not concern themselves about terrestrial and\ncorporeal things, but only about the statutes, laws, and governments\nof the nations there; and also about the things of heaven, which are\ninnumerable. I was further informed, that many of the men (_homines_)\nof that earth converse with spirits, and that thence they have\nknowledges respecting spiritual things and the states of life after\ndeath, and that thence also they have a contempt for corporeal and\nterrestrial things; for those who know for a certainty, and believe,\nthat there is a life after death, are concerned about heavenly things,\nas being eternal and blessed, but not about worldly things, except so\nfar as the necessities of life require. Such being the character of\nits inhabitants, such also is that of the spirits who are from it[k].\n\n[Footnote k: The spirits who are with man are in possession of all\nthings of his memory, nos. 5853, 5857, 5859, 5860.]\n\n13. How eagerly they search for and imbibe the knowledges of such\nthings as pertain to the memory raised above the sensual things of\nthe body, was made manifest to me from the circumstance that when they\nlooked into the things which I knew respecting heavenly subjects, they\nran over them all, and kept on stating the nature of each. For when\nspirits come to a man, they enter into the whole of his memory, and\ncall forth from it what suits themselves; nay, what I have often\nobserved, they read its contents as from a book[k]. These spirits did\nthis more skilfully and quickly, because they did not linger over such\nmatters as are heavy and sluggish, and confine and consequently impede\nthe internal sight, as is the nature of all terrestrial and corporeal\nthings, when regarded as ends, that is, when alone loved; but they\ndevoted their attention to things themselves; for those matters to\nwhich terrestrial things do not cling, carry the mind (_animus_)\nupwards, and so introduce it into a wide field [of view], whereas\nmerely material things drag the mind (_animus_) downwards, and thus\nlimit and imprison it. Their eagerness to acquire knowledges\nand enrich the memory was further evident from the following\ncircumstances: Once, when I was writing something concerning things\nto come, and they were at a distance, so that they could not look into\nthose things from my memory; because I was unwilling to read them in\ntheir presence, they were very indignant, and, contrary to their usual\ndemeanour, they were disposed to inveigh against me, saying that I\nwas the worst of men, and other like things; and, to show their\nresentment, they caused a kind of contraction, attended with pain, on\nthe right side of my head as far as the ear; but such treatment did me\nno harm. As, however, they had done evil, they removed themselves to\na still greater distance, yet kept stopping, being desirous of knowing\nwhat I had written. Such is their eager desire for knowledges.\n\n14. The spirits of Mercury, more than other spirits, possess the\nknowledges of things, both of those which are within this solar\nsystem, and those which are beyond it in the starry heaven; and\nwhatever things they have once acquired they retain, and recollect\nthem as often as similar ones occur. From this also it may manifestly\nappear that spirits have memory, and that it is much more perfect than\nthat of men; and further, that spirits retain what they hear, see, and\napperceive, and especially such matters as they are delighted with, as\nthese spirits are with the knowledges of things; for things that are\nmatters of delight and love flow in as it were spontaneously, and\nremain; other things do not enter, but only touch the surface and pass\nby.\n\n15. When the spirits of Mercury come to other societies, they try\nto discover from them what they know, and when they have ascertained\nthis, they depart. There is also such a communication among spirits,\nand especially among angels, that when they are in a society, if they\nare accepted and loved, they communicate or share all they know.[l]\n\n[Footnote l: In the heavens there is a communication of all goods,\ninasmuch as heavenly love communicates all its possessions to others;\nand hence the angels derive wisdom and happiness, nos. 549, 550, 1390,\n1391, 1399, 10130, 10723.]\n\n16. The spirits of Mercury, on account of their knowledges, are more\nconceited than others; wherefore they were told that, although they\nknow innumerable things, there is yet an infinity of things which they\ndo not know; and that even were the knowledges with them to increase\nto eternity, they would still be unable to attain to so much as an\nacquaintance with the generals of all things. They were told that they\nwere conceited and elated of disposition, and that this character\nis unbecoming; but they replied, that it is not conceit, but only a\nglorying on account of the capacity of their memory. Thus they have\nthe art of excusing their faults.\n\n17. They are averse to verbal speech, because it is material;\nwherefore, when I conversed with them without intermediate spirits, I\ncould only do so by a kind of active thought. Their memory, because it\nis a memory of things, not of purely material images, brings nearer\nto the thought its proper objects; for the thought, which is above the\nimagination, requires for its objects things abstracted from those\nof matter. But notwithstanding that this is the case, the spirits\nof Mercury excel but little in the faculty of judgment. They take no\ndelight in the things which pertain to judgment and to conclusions\nfrom knowledges; for their delight is in the bare knowledges.\n\n18. It was suggested to them, whether they did not wish to make any\nuse of their knowledges; for it is not enough to be delighted with\nknowledges, because knowledges have respect to uses, and uses ought\nto be their ends; that from knowledges alone no use results to\nthemselves, but to others with whom they are willing to share or\ncommunicate them; and that it is not at all meet for a man who wants\nto become wise to stand still in knowledges alone, inasmuch as\nthese are only instrumental causes, meant to be serviceable for the\ninvestigation of matters which ought to belong to the life. But they\nreplied that they were delighted with knowledges, and that to them\nknowledges were uses.\n\n19. Some of them, also, wish to appear, not as men, like the spirits\nof other earths, but as crystalline globes. Their wanting to appear\nso, although they do not, arises from the circumstance that the\nknowledges of immaterial things are in the other life represented by\ncrystals.\n\n20. The spirits of Mercury differ entirely from those of our Earth,\nfor the spirits of our Earth concern themselves not so much about\n[immaterial] things as about worldly, corporeal, and terrestrial\nthings, which are material. For this reason the spirits of Mercury\ncannot be together with the spirits of our Earth, and therefore\nwherever they meet them they flee away, for the spiritual spheres that\nare exhaled from both are almost contrary. The spirits of Mercury have\na common saying, that they do not want to look at the sheath, but at\nthings stripped of their sheath, thus at interior things.\n\n21. There appeared a flame of considerable brightness, which blazed\ncheerfully, and this for about an hour. That flame signified the\nadvent of some spirits of Mercury who, for penetration, thought, and\nspeech, were prompter than those who preceded them. When they were\ncome, they instantly ran over the things that were in my memory,\nbut, owing to their promptness, I was unable to apperceive what they\nobserved. Immediately afterwards, I heard them say that the matter\nwas thus and thus. With regard to the things which I had seen in the\nheavens and in the world of spirits, they said that they knew them\nbefore. I perceived that a multitude of spirits who were consociated\nwith them, was behind, a little to the left, in the plane of the\nocciput.\n\n22. At another time I saw a multitude of such spirits, but at some\nlittle distance from me, in front a little to the right, and they\nspoke with me from thence, but through intermediate spirits; for their\nspeech is as quick as thought, which does not fall into human speech,\nexcept by means of other spirits; and what surprised me, they spoke\nin a body, and yet as promptly and rapidly as possible. Their speech,\nbeing of many together, was apperceived as undulatory, and, what was\nremarkable, it glided towards my left eye, although they were to the\nright. The reason was, that the left eye corresponds to the knowledges\nof things abstracted from material things, thus to such as belong to\nintelligence, while the right eye corresponds to such as belong\nto wisdom[m]. With the same promptness with which they spoke, they\nperceived the things that they heard, and formed their judgment upon\nthem, saying of one thing that it was so, and of another that it was\nnot so, their judgment being as it were instantaneous.\n\n[Footnote m: The eye corresponds to the understanding, because\nthe understanding is the internal sight, and the sight of things\nimmaterial, nos. 2701, 4410, 4526, 9051, 10569. The sight of the left\neye corresponds to truths, consequently to intelligence; and the sight\nof the right eye corresponds to the goods of truth, consequently to\nwisdom, no. 4410.]\n\n23. There was a spirit from another earth, who was well qualified to\nconverse with them, being a prompt and rapid speaker, but who affected\nelegance in his discourse. They instantly formed their judgment\nconcerning whatever he spoke, saying of one thing that it was too\nelegantly, of another that it was too learnedly expressed; so that the\nonly thing they attended to was, whether they heard from him anything\nwhich was not known to them before, rejecting thereby such things as\nobscured the subject, which are chiefly affectations of elegance in\nexpression and of erudition; for these hide the things themselves and\nin their place substitute expressions, which are the material forms\nof things; on these the speaker keeps his mind (_animus_) fixed, and\nwants to draw attention to his expressions rather than their meaning,\nby which the ears of his auditors are more affected than their minds\n(_mens_).\n\n24. The spirits of the earth Mercury do not tarry in one place, or\namong assemblies of the spirits of one system, but wander through\nthe universe. The reason is that they have reference to the memory\nof things, which requires to be continually enriched; therefore it is\ngranted them to wander about, and everywhere acquire knowledges.\nIf, while travelling in this manner, they meet with spirits who love\nmaterial, that is, corporeal and terrestrial things, they shun them,\nand betake themselves to where they do not hear such things. From this\nit may appear that their mind (_animus_) is elevated above sensual\nthings, and thus that they are in interior light (_lumen_). This it\nwas also given me actually to perceive when they were near me and were\nspeaking with me. I observed then that I was withdrawn from sensual\nthings to such a degree, that the light (_lumen_) of my eyes began to\ngrow dull and dim.\n\n25. The spirits of that earth go about by companies and phalanxes, and\nwhen assembled together they form as it were a globe. They are joined\ntogether in this manner by the Lord in order that they may act as a\none, and that the knowledges of each may be communicated to all, and\nthe knowledges of all to each, as is the case in heaven[l]. That they\nwander through the universe in quest of the knowledges of things, was\nmade manifest to me also from this fact, that once, when they appeared\nvery remote from me, they spoke with me from thence, and said that\nthey were then gathered together, and were going beyond the sphere of\nthis system into the starry heaven, where they knew there were such\nas had no concern about terrestrial and corporeal things, but about\nthings elevated above them, with whom they desired to be. It was\nstated that they themselves do not know whither they are going, but\nthat under the Divine auspices they are conveyed to where they may\nbe instructed concerning such things as they had previously been\nunacquainted with, and which are in agreement with the knowledges they\nalready possess. It was also stated that they do not know how they\nmeet with the companions with whom they are conjoined, and that this\nalso is effected under the Divine auspices.\n\n26. As they journey through the universe in this manner, and are thus\nenabled to know more than others about the systems and earths beyond\nthe sphere of our solar system, I have spoken with them on this\nsubject also. They said that in the universe there are very many\nearths, with human beings upon them; and that they wonder at its being\nsupposed by some, whom they called men of little judgment, that the\nheaven of the Omnipotent God consists only of the spirits and angels\nwho come from one earth, when these are so few that, relatively to the\nOmnipotence of God, they are scarcely anything, and this would be the\ncase even if there were myriads of systems with myriads of earths.\nThey said, moreover, that they knew of the existence of earths in the\nuniverse exceeding in number some hundreds of thousands; and yet what\nis this to the Divine, who is Infinite!\n\n27. The spirits of Mercury, when they were with me while I was writing\nand explaining the Word as to its internal sense, and who perceived\nwhat I was writing, said that the things which I wrote were very\ngross, and that almost all the expressions appeared as material. But\nit was given to reply, that the men of our Earth nevertheless look\nupon the things that have been written, as subtle and elevated, and\nthat many things they do not understand. I added, that very many on\nthis Earth do not know that it is the internal man that acts on the\nexternal, and causes it to live, and that from the fallacies of the\nsenses they persuade themselves that the body has a life of its own,\nand that in consequence the evil and unbelieving are in doubt as to a\nlife after death. Also, that that in man which is to live after death\nthey do not call the spirit but the soul; and that they dispute about\nwhat the soul is and where its abode is, and believe that the material\nbody, although dispersed to all the winds, must be again conjoined to\nit, in order that man may live as a man; besides many other things of\nthe same kind. When the spirits of Mercury heard these things, they\nasked whether such men could become angels. To this it was given to\nanswer that those who have lived in the good of faith and charity\nbecome angels, and that then they are no longer in external and\nmaterial things, but in internal and spiritual things; and that when\nthey come into this state, they are in a light superior to that in\nwhich the spirits from Mercury are. In order that they might know that\nthis was so, an angel who had come into heaven from our Earth, and who\nhad been such while he lived in the world, was allowed to speak with\nthem; which circumstance will be detailed below [at no. 37].\n\n28. Afterwards there was sent me by the spirits of Mercury a long\npaper of an irregular shape, consisting of several papers stuck\ntogether, which appeared as if printed with types such as are used on\nthis Earth. I asked whether they had such among them; but they said\nthey had not, but that they knew that there were such printed papers\non our Earth. They were not willing to say more; but I perceived that\nthey thought that the knowledges on our Earth were on papers, and not\nso much within the man himself, thus derisively insinuating that the\npapers, so to speak, knew more than the man. But they were instructed\nas to the real state of the case. After some time they returned, and\nsent me another paper, which also appeared printed with types like\nunto the former one; not, however, like it, stuck together and untidy,\nbut symmetrically shaped and neat: they said they had been further\ninformed that on this Earth there were such papers, and books made of\nthem.\n\n29. From the facts that have now been stated, it clearly appears, that\nspirits retain in the memory the things that they see and hear in the\nother life, and that they are equally capable of being instructed as\nwhen they were men in the world, consequently, of being instructed in\nthose things that are of faith, and thereby of being perfected. The\nmore interior spirits and angels are, the more promptly and fully do\nthey imbibe, and the more perfectly do they retain [what they hear],\nand as this [capacity remains] for ever, it is evident that wisdom\nis continually growing with them. With the spirits of Mercury, the\nscience of things is continually growing, yet not therefore wisdom,\nbecause they love knowledges, which are means, but not uses, which are\nends.\n\n30. Furthermore, the character of the genius of the spirits who are\nfrom the planet Mercury may still further appear from the following\nfacts. It must be known that all spirits and angels without exception\nwere once men, for the human race is the seminary of heaven; and that\nspirits are altogether such as to their affections and inclinations\nas they had been when they lived as men in the world, for every one's\nlife follows him[n]. This being the case, the genius of the men of\nevery earth may be known from the genius of the spirits who are from\nit.\n\n[Footnote n: Every one's life remains with him and follows him after\ndeath, nos. 4227, 7440. The externals of life are kept closed after\ndeath, and the internals of life are opened, nos. 4314, 5128,\n6495. All things in general and particular of thought are then made\nmanifest, nos. 4633, 5128.]\n\n31. Since the spirits of Mercury in the Grand Man have relation to the\nmemory of things abstracted from material things, therefore when\nany one speaks to them of terrestrial, corporeal, and merely worldly\nthings, they are absolutely unwilling to hear; and if they are forced\nto hear of those things, they transmute them into others, and for the\nmost part into contrary things, so as to avoid them.\n\n32. In order that I might know for certain that such was their genius,\nit was allowed to represent to them meadows, fallow-lands, gardens,\nwoods, and streams. To represent such things is to exhibit before\nanother in imagination those things which, in the other life, appear\nto the life. But they instantly transmuted them; they darkened the\nmeadows and fallow-lands, and by representations filled them with\nsnakes; the streams they turned black, so that the water no longer\nappeared limpid. When I asked why they did so, they said they did\nnot want to think of such things, but of realities, which are the\nknowledges of things abstracted from terrestrial things, especially of\nsuch as exist in the heavens.\n\n33. I afterwards represented to them birds both large and small,\nsuch as exist on our Earth; for in the other life such things can be\nrepresented to the life. On seeing those birds represented, they at\nfirst wanted to change them, but they afterwards were delighted\nwith them, and became quiet; the reason was, that birds signify the\nknowledges of things, and the perception of this fact then flowed\nin[o]; they therefore abstained from transmuting them, and so from\nturning away the ideas of their memory. Afterwards it was permitted\nme to represent before them a very pleasant garden full of lamps and\nlights; they then paused and their attention was fixed, because lamps\nwith lights signify truths (_veritates_) which shine from good[p].\nFrom this it was evident that they could be detained in the\nconsideration of material things, provided only that the signification\nof those things in the spiritual sense were insinuated at the same\ntime; for the things which belong to the spiritual sense are not\nabstracted from material things to the same extent, inasmuch as they\nare representative of these.\n\n[Footnote o: Birds signify rational things, intellectual things,\nthoughts, ideas, and knowledges, nos. 40, 745, 776, 778, 866, 988,\n993, 5149, 7441. And this with variety according to the genera and\nspecies of the birds, no. 3219.]\n\n[Footnote p: Lamps with lights signify truths (_veritates_) which\nshine from good, nos. 4638, 9548, 9783.]\n\n34. Moreover, I spoke with them about sheep and lambs, but they were\nnot willing to hear of such things, because they were perceived\nby them as terrestrial things; the reason was, that they did\nnot understand what innocence is, which lambs signify; this was\napperceived from the circumstance that, on my saying that lambs, when\nrepresented in heaven, signify innocence[q], they said that they did\nnot know what innocence was, but only knew it by name: the reason is,\nthat they are affected with knowledges only, but not with uses, which\nare the ends of knowledges, consequently they are unable to know, from\ninternal perception, what innocence is.\n\n[Footnote q: Lambs in heaven, and in the Word, signify innocence, nos.\n3994, 7840, 10132.]\n\n35. Some of the spirits of the earth Mercury came to me, being sent by\nothers, in order that they might hear what was going on near me. These\nwere told by one of the spirits of our Earth, to tell their [friends]\nnot to speak anything but what was true, and not, as they were wont,\nto present opposite things to their questioners; for that if any of\nthe spirits of our Earth were to do so, he would be punished. But\nimmediately the company from which those spirits had been sent\nforth, and which was at a distance, made answer, that if they must be\npunished on that account, they must all be punished, inasmuch as, from\ncontinual practice, they could not do otherwise. They said that when\nthey speak with the men of their own earth, they also do likewise,\nnot, however, with any intention to deceive, but to inspire the desire\nof knowing; for when they present opposite things, and conceal things\nin a certain manner, the desire of knowing is excited, and thus from\nthe zeal of exploring those things, the memory is perfected. I also,\non another occasion, spoke with them on the same subject, and, as\nI knew that they spoke with the men of their earth, I asked in what\nmanner they instructed their inhabitants. They said that they do not\ninstruct them fully as to how a matter is, but keep insinuating some\napperception of it, in order that from this the desire of exploring\nand of acquiring knowledge may be nourished and grow; for if they were\nto answer all their questions, the desire would perish. They added,\nthat they suggest opposites for this reason also, that the truth\n(_veritas_) may afterwards appear the better; for all truth appears\nfrom relation to its opposites.\n\n36. It is their custom not to tell another what they know, but still\nthey want to learn from all others what is known to them. With their\nown society, however, they communicate everything, insomuch that\nwhat one knows all know, and what all know each one in the society\nknows[l].\n\n37. Inasmuch as the spirits of Mercury abound in knowledges, they are\nin a certain kind of conceit; hence they imagine that they know so\nmuch that it is almost impossible to know more. But it was told them\nby the spirits of our Earth, that they do not know much but little,\nand that the things which they do not know are comparatively infinite;\nand that the things which they do not know, are, relatively to those\nthey do know, as the waters of the largest ocean to those of a very\nsmall fountain; and further, that the first step towards wisdom\nconsists in knowing, acknowledging, and perceiving that what one\nknows, is, compared with what one does not know, so little as hardly\nto be anything. In order that they might know that it is so, it was\ngranted that a certain angelic spirit should speak with them, and tell\nthem generally what they knew and what they did not know, and that\nthere were infinite things which they did not know, and that eternity\nwould not suffice for their acquiring even a general knowledge of\nthings. He spoke by means of angelic ideas much more readily than they\ndid, and as he disclosed to them what they knew and what they did not\nknow, they were struck with amazement. Afterwards I saw another angel\nspeaking with them, who appeared at some height towards the right; he\nwas from our Earth. He recounted very many things which they did not\nknow; and afterwards he spoke with them by means of changes of state,\nwhich they said they did not understand. He then told them that every\nchange of state, and also every smallest part of such change, contains\ninfinite things. When they heard this, as they had been conceited on\naccount of their knowledges, they began to humble themselves. Their\nhumiliation was represented by the sinking downwards of the compact\nbody (_volumen_) which they formed (for that company appeared at the\ntime as a compact body, in front towards the left, at a distance,\nin the plane of the region below the navel); but the compact body\nappeared as it were hollowed in the middle, and raised at the sides;\nan alternating motion was also observed therein. They were also told\nwhat that signified, that is, what they thought in their humiliation,\nand that those who appeared elevated at the sides were not as yet in\nany humiliation; and I saw that the compact body was separated, and\nthat those who were not in humiliation were sent back towards their\nearth, the rest remaining.\n\n38. There once came some spirits of Mercury to a certain spirit from\nour Earth, who, during his life in the world, had been most celebrated\nfor his learning,--he was Christian Wolf--desiring to receive\ninformation from him on various subjects. But when they perceived that\nwhat he said was not elevated above the sensual things of the natural\nman, because in speaking he thought of honour, and wanted, as in the\nworld (for in the other life every one is like his former self),\nto connect various things into series, and from these again and\ncontinually to deduce others, and so form several chains of such,\nwhich they did not see or acknowledge to be true, and which therefore\nthey declared to be chains which neither cohered in themselves nor\nwith the conclusions, and called them the obscurity of authority, they\nceased to question him, inquiring only _what this was called and what\nthat_. And because he answered these questions also by material ideas,\nand not by any that were spiritual, they departed from him. For in the\nother life every one speaks spiritually, or by spiritual ideas, so far\nas in the world he had believed in God; and materially, so far as he\nhad not believed. As an opportunity here offers, I may relate how the\ncase is, in the other life, with the learned who acquire intelligence\nby their own meditation kindled by the love of knowing truths for\nthe sake of truths, thus for the sake of uses apart from worldly\nconsiderations; and how the case is with those who acquire\nintelligence from others without any meditation of their own, as is\nthe practice of those who desire to know truths merely for the purpose\nof acquiring a reputation for learning, and of thereby attaining\nhonour or gain in the world, and consequently not for the sake of\nuses apart from worldly considerations. I may here relate a certain\nexperience concerning men of this character. There was apperceived a\ncertain sound penetrating from beneath near the left side as far as\nthe left ear: I observed that there were spirits who were attempting\nto force their way there, but I could not ascertain of what character\nthey were. When they had forced their way, however, they spoke with\nme, saying that they were logicians and metaphysicians, and that they\nhad immersed their thoughts in such [sciences] without any other\nend than that of acquiring a reputation for learning, and thus of\nattaining to honours and wealth: they lamented that they now led a\nmiserable life, because they had studied these sciences for no other\nend, and thus had not cultivated their Rational by means of them.\nTheir speech was slow and muffled. In the meantime there were two\nconversing above my head, and when I asked who they were, I was told\nthat one of them was of the highest distinction in the learned world,\nand it was given me to believe that he was Aristotle. Who the other\nwas, was not stated. He was then let into the state in which he had\nbeen when he lived in the world, for every one can easily be let into\nthe state of life which he had had in the world, since every state\nof his life remains with him. I was surprised to find that he applied\nhimself to the right ear, and he spoke there, hoarsely, indeed, but\nstill sensibly. From the purport of what he said I apperceived that he\nwas of quite a different genius from those Schoolmen who first arose,\nnamely, that he hatched what he wrote from his own thought, and from\nthe same source produced his philosophical system, so that the terms\nwhich he invented, and applied to subjects of thought, were forms of\nexpression by which he described interior things; also that he was\nexcited to such pursuits by a delight of the affection, and by a\ndesire of knowing the things that belonged to the thought and the\nunderstanding; and that he followed obediently whatever his spirit\nhad dictated. This was the reason he applied himself to the right ear,\ndifferently from his followers, who are called Schoolmen, and who do\nnot proceed from thought to terms, but from terms to thoughts, thus by\na contrary way; and many of them do not even proceed to thoughts, but\nstick fast entirely in terms, their application of which, when they\nmake any, being to confirm whatever they want to, and to invest\nfalsities with an appearance of truth, according to their eagerness\nto persuade. Consequently for them philosophy is rather a means of\nbecoming foolish than a means of becoming wise; and therefore they\nhave darkness instead of light. Afterwards, I conversed with him\non analytical science, saying that a little child, in half an hour,\nspeaks more philosophically, analytically, and logically, than he\ncould describe in a volume, because all things of human thought and\nconsequently of human speech are analytical, and the laws thereof are\nfrom the spiritual world; and that he who wants to think artificially\nfrom terms is not unlike a dancer who wants to learn to dance from\na knowledge of the motory fibres and muscles; if he were to keep\nhis mind (_animus_) fixed on that knowledge whilst dancing, he would\nhardly be able to move a foot, and yet, without that knowledge, he\nsets in action all the motory fibres that are scattered throughout the\nwhole of his body, and, in due measure, the lungs, diaphragm, sides,\narms, neck, and all the other parts, to describe all which volumes\nwould not suffice; and that the case is just like this with those who\nwant to think from terms. He approved of these observations, and\nsaid, that if one learns to think in that way one proceeds in inverted\norder: adding, that if any one wants to be foolish, he has only to\nproceed in that way; and that one should constantly think of use, and\nfrom what is interior. He next showed me what idea he had had of the\nSupreme Deity. He had represented Him to himself as having a human\nface, and encompassed about the head with a radiant circle; but he now\nknew that the Lord is Himself that Man, and that the radiant circle is\nthe Divine [proceeding] from Him, which inflows not only into heaven\nbut also into the universe, disposing and ruling both. He added, that\nHe who disposes and rules heaven, disposes and rules the universe\nalso, because the one cannot be separated from the other. He also\nsaid, that he believed in only one God, whose attributes and qualities\nmen distinguished by names as numerous as the gods they worshipped.\nA woman appeared to me who stretched out her hand, desiring to stroke\nhis cheek. When I expressed my surprise at this, he said, that while\nhe was in the world such a woman had often appeared to him, and as it\nwere stroked his cheek, and that her hand was beautiful. The angelic\nspirits said that such women sometimes appeared to the ancients, and\nthat they called them Pallases; and that the one who appeared to him\nwas from spirits who, when they lived as men in the ancient times,\nwere delighted with ideas and indulged in thoughts, but without\nphilosophy; and as such spirits were with him, and were delighted with\nhim because he thought from what is interior, they representatively\nexhibited such a woman to his view. Lastly, he told me what idea he\nhad had concerning the soul or spirit of man, which he called Pneuma,\nnamely, that it was an invisible vital [principle], like something\nof the ether. He said that he knew his spirit would live after death,\nsince it was his interior essence, which cannot die, because it can\nthink; and moreover that he could not think clearly concerning it,\nbut only obscurely, because he had not possessed any knowledge on the\nsubject except from himself, with a little also from the Ancients.\nAristotle, it may be remarked, is among sane spirits in the other\nlife, but many of his followers are among the foolish.\n\n39. I once saw that some spirits of our Earth were with some spirits\nof Mercury, and I heard them conversing with one another; and on this\noccasion the spirits of our Earth asked them, among other things, in\nwhom they believed. They replied that they believed in God. But when\nthey inquired further concerning the God in whom they believed, they\nwould not say, since it is their custom not to give direct answers\nto questions. Then the spirits from the earth Mercury, in their turn,\nasked the spirits from our Earth in whom they believed. They said that\nthey believed in the Lord God. The spirits of Mercury then said they\nperceived that they believed in no God, and that they had contracted\na habit of professing belief with the mouth when yet they do not\nbelieve. (The spirits of Mercury have an exquisite perception, in\nconsequence of their continually exploring, by means of perception,\nwhat others know.) The spirits of our Earth were of the number of\nthose who in the world had made profession of faith according to the\ndoctrine of the church, but still had not lived the life of faith;\nand those who do not live the life of faith, in the other life have\nno faith, because it is not in the man[r]. On hearing this they were\nsilent, because, by an apperception then given them, they acknowledged\nthat the case was so.\n\n[Footnote r: They who make profession of faith from doctrine, and\ndo not live the life of faith, have no faith, nos. 3865, 7766, 7778,\n7790, 7950, 8094. And their interiors are contrary to the truths of\nfaith, although in the world they do not know this, nos. 7790, 7950.]\n\n40. Certain spirits knew from heaven that a promise had once been made\nto the spirits of the earth Mercury, that they should see the Lord;\nthey were, therefore, asked by the spirits about me whether they\nrecollected that promise. They said that they did recollect it; but\nthat they did not know whether the promise had been made in such a\nmanner as to preclude all doubt respecting it. While they were thus\ntalking together, the Sun of heaven appeared to them. (The Sun of\nheaven, which is the Lord, is seen only by those who are in the inmost\nor third heaven; others see the light which proceeds from it.) On\nseeing the Sun, they said that this was not the Lord God, because they\nsaw no face. Meanwhile the spirits were conversing with each other,\nbut I did not hear what they said. Suddenly, however, the Sun again\nappeared, and in the midst of it the Lord, encompassed with a solar\ncircle: at this sight the spirits of Mercury humbled themselves\nprofoundly, and bowed down. At that time also, the Lord appeared out\nof that Sun to certain spirits of our Earth, who, when they were men,\nhad seen Him in the world; and they, one after another, and thus many\nin succession, confessed that it was the Lord Himself; and they made\nthis confession before the whole assembly. At the same time also the\nLord appeared out of the Sun to the spirits of the planet Jupiter, who\ndeclared with a clear voice, that it was He Himself whom they had seen\non their earth when the God of the universe appeared to them[s].\n\n[Footnote s: The Lord is the Sun of heaven, from which proceeds all\nthe light there, nos. 1053, 3636, 4060. And the Lord thus appears to\nthose who are in His celestial kingdom, where love to Him reigns, nos.\n1521, 1529-1531, 1837, 4696. He appears at a middle height above the\nplane of the right eye, nos. 4321, 7078. Therefore in the Word the sun\nsignifies the Lord as to the Divine Love, nos. 2495, 4060, 7083. The\nsun of the world does not appear to spirits and angels, but in its\nplace as it were a dark something behind, opposite to the Sun of\nheaven or to the Lord, no. 9755.]\n\n41. After the Lord had appeared, some were led towards the front parts\nto the right, and as they advanced, they said that they saw a light\nmuch clearer and purer than they had ever seen before, and that a\ngreater light could not possibly be seen: and it was then the time of\nevening here. Those who said this were many[t].\n\n[Footnote t: In the heavens there is great light, which exceeds, by\nmany degrees, the noon-day light on earth, nos. 1117, 1521, 1533,\n1619-1632, 4527, 5400, 8644. All light in the heavens is from the Lord\nas the Sun there, nos. 1053, 1521, 3195, 3341, 3636, 3643, 4415, 9548,\n9684, 10809. The Divine Truth proceeding from the Divine Good of the\nLord's Divine Love appears in the heavens as light and constitutes all\nthe light there, nos. 3195, 3222, 5400, 8644, 9399, 9548, 9684. The\nlight of heaven illuminates both the sight and the understanding of\nthe angels, nos. 2776, 3138. Heaven being said to be in light and\nheat, signifies in wisdom and in love, nos. 3643, 9399, 9401.]\n\n42. It should be known that the sun of the world does not appear at\nall to any spirit, nor does anything of the light from it. The light\nof this sun is, to spirits and angels, like thick darkness. This sun\nremains in the perception with spirits only from their having seen it\nwhen they were in the world, and it is exhibited to them in idea as\nan exceedingly dark something, and situated behind at a considerable\ndistance, at a little height above the plane of the head. The planets\nwhich are within the system of this sun appear according to a fixed\nsituation in respect to the sun: Mercury appears behind, a little\ntowards the right; the planet Venus to the left, a little backwards;\nthe planet Mars to the left in front; the planet Jupiter likewise\nto the left in front, but at a greater distance; the planet Saturn\ndirectly in front, at a considerable distance; the Moon to the\nleft, at a moderate height: the satellites also appear to the left\nrelatively to their own planets. Such is the situation of these\nplanets in the ideas of spirits and angels. Spirits also appear near\ntheir own planet, but apart from it. With regard to the spirits of\nMercury in particular, they do not appear in any particular quarter,\nor at any particular distance, but they appear sometimes in front,\nsometimes to the left, sometimes a little to the back; the reason is,\nthat they are allowed to wander through the universe for the purpose\nof procuring knowledges.\n\n43. Some spirits of Mercury once appeared to the left in a globe, and\nafterwards in a compact body (_volumen_) extending itself lengthwise.\nI wondered whither they were bent, whether to this or to some other\nearth, and I soon observed that they turned towards the right, and,\nrolling along, approached the earth or planet Venus towards the\nquarter in front. But when they reached it, they said that they would\nnot remain there, because the inhabitants were evil; wherefore they\nturned round to the back part of that earth, and then said they would\nremain there, because the inhabitants of that part were good. While\nthis was taking place I was sensible of a remarkable change in the\nbrain, and of a powerful operation from it. From this it was given me\nto conclude that the spirits of Venus who are from that part of the\nplanet, were in concord with the spirits of Mercury, and that they had\nrelation to the memory of material things which is in concord with\nthe memory of immaterial things, to which the spirits of Mercury have\nrelation; hence a more powerful operation was felt from them when they\nwere there.\n\n44. I was desirous of knowing what kind of face and body the men\n(_homines_) on the earth Mercury have, and whether they are like the\nmen (_homines_) on our Earth. There was then exhibited before my eyes\na woman exactly resembling those who are on that earth. Her face was\nbeautiful, but smaller than that of the women of our Earth; she was\nalso more slender in body, but of equal height: her head was covered\nwith some linen stuff, arranged without art but still in a becoming\nmanner. A man (_vir_) also was exhibited. He, too, was more slender in\nbody than the men (_viri_) of our Earth; he was clothed in a\ngarment of dark blue fitting closely to his body, without folds or\nprotuberances anywhere. Such, I was told, were the personal form and\nclothing of the men (_homines_) of that earth. Afterwards there were\nexhibited some kinds of their oxen and cows, which did not, indeed,\ndiffer much from those on our Earth, except that they were smaller,\nand approximated in some measure to the stag and hind species.\n\n45. They were also questioned about the sun of the system, how it\nappears from their earth. They said that it appeared large, and larger\nthere than from other earths; they said that they knew this from the\nideas of other spirits respecting the sun. They said further that they\nenjoyed a middle temperature, neither too hot nor too cold. It was\nthen given me to tell them, that it has been so provided for them by\nthe Lord, in order that they might not be exposed to excessive heat\nfrom the circumstance of their earth being in greater proximity to the\nsun than the other earths, since heat does not arise from nearness to\nthe sun, but from the height and density of the aerial atmosphere, as\nis evident from the cold on high mountains even in hot climates; also,\nthat heat is varied according to the direct or oblique incidence of\nthe sun's rays, as is evident from the seasons of winter and summer in\nevery region. These are the particulars which it has been given me to\nknow respecting the spirits and inhabitants of the earth Mercury.\n\n\n\n\nTHE EARTH OR PLANET JUPITER, AND ITS SPIRITS AND INHABITANTS.\n\n\n46. It has been given me to have longer intercourse with the spirits\nand angels of the planet Jupiter than with the spirits and angels\nfrom the other planets; and I can therefore relate more particulars\nrespecting their state of life and respecting that of the inhabitants\nof that planet. That those spirits were from that planet, was evident\nfrom many circumstances, and was also declared from heaven.\n\n47. The earth or planet Jupiter itself does not indeed appear to\nspirits and angels: for in the spiritual world no earth is ever\nvisible to any one, but only the spirits and angels who are from it.\nThose who are from the planet Jupiter appear in front to the left, at\nsome little distance, and this constantly (see above, no. 42): there\nalso the planet is. The spirits of every earth are near their own\nearth, because they are from its inhabitants (for every man after\ndeath becomes a spirit), and because they are thus of a similar\ngenius, and can be with the inhabitants and be of service to them.\n\n48. They related that in the region of their earth where they had\nlived when in the world, the multitude of human beings was as great\nas the earth could support; that it was fertile, and abounded in all\nthings; that the inhabitants desired no more than sufficed for the\nnecessities of life, and that what was not necessary they did not\nregard as useful; and that therefore the multitude of human beings\nwas so great. They said that their principal care was the education of\ntheir children, and that they loved them most tenderly.\n\n49. They further related that on their earth they are distinguished\ninto clans, families, and households, and that all live together with\ntheir own, separate from the others, and that therefore their habitual\nintercourse is confined to their kindred: also that no one ever\ndesires another's goods; nor does it ever enter the mind (_animus_) of\nany one to covet any of the goods of another, much less to obtain them\nby any artifice, and still less to attack and plunder them; this they\nconsider a crime contrary to human nature, and horrible. When I wanted\nto tell them that on this Earth there were wars, depredations, and\nmurders, they turned away, and refused to hear. It has been told me by\nthe angels that the Most Ancient inhabitants of our Earth dwelt in the\nsame manner, that is to say, distinguished into clans, families, and\nhouseholds, and that all in those times were content with their own\ngoods; and that it was an entirely unknown thing for one to enrich\nhimself with the goods of others, or to assume dominion from the love\nof self; and that on this account the Ancient, and especially the Most\nAncient times, were more acceptable to the Lord than those which have\nsucceeded them; and that, as their state was such, innocence then\nreigned, and, together with innocence, wisdom; that every one then did\nwhat was good for the sake of good, and what was just for the sake of\njustice; that they did not know what it was to do what was good and\njust with a view to their own honour, or for the sake of gain; and\nthat in those times they spoke nothing but what was true, and this not\nso much from truth as from good, that is, not from the Intellectual\nseparate [from the Voluntary], but from the Voluntary conjoined with\nthe Intellectual. Such were the Ancient times. Angels then could\ntherefore have habitual intercourse with men, and carry their minds,\nalmost separated from corporeal things, into heaven, and could even\nlead them about there, and show them the magnificent and goodly\nthings there, and also communicate to them their own happinesses and\ndelights. These times were also known to ancient writers, who called\nthem the Golden, and likewise the Saturnian times. The reason why\nthese times were such was, as has been stated, that men then lived\ndistinguished into clans, clans into families, and families into\nhouseholds, and every household dwelt by itself; and that it then\nnever entered into any one's mind (_mens_) to seize upon another's\ninheritance, and thus acquire for himself opulence and dominion: the\nlove of self and the love of the world were then far away; every one\nrejoiced in his own, and not less in another's good. But in the course\nof time this scene was changed and totally reversed, when the lust\nof exercising dominion and of possessing many things invaded the\nmind (_animus_). Then the human race, for the sake of self-defence,\ngathered themselves into kingdoms and empires; and because the laws\nof charity and conscience, which had been inscribed upon the heart,\nceased to operate, it became necessary, in order to restrain deeds of\nviolence, to enact [external] laws, of which the rewards were honours\nand gain, and the punishments were the deprivation thereof. When the\nstate was thus changed, heaven itself became removed from man, and\nthis more and more even to the present ages, when the very existence\nof heaven and hell is unknown, yea, is even denied by some. These\nstatements have been made in order to show clearly by the parallel,\nwhat is the state of those who are on the earth Jupiter, and whence\nthey have their goodness of disposition and also their wisdom, of\nwhich more will be said in the following pages.\n\n50. By long-continued intercourse with the spirits of the earth\nJupiter, it became manifest to me that they were better disposed than\nthe spirits of many other earths. Their approach when they came to me,\ntheir stay with me, and their influx at the time, were so gentle and\nsweet as to be inexpressible. In the other life the quality of every\nspirit manifests itself by an influx, which is the communication of\nhis affection. Goodness of disposition manifests itself by gentleness\nand sweetness; by gentleness, because it is afraid to hurt, and by\nsweetness, because it loves to do good. I could distinguish very\nclearly between the gentleness and sweetness of the influx proceeding\nfrom the good spirits of our Earth, and the gentleness and sweetness\nof the influx from the spirits of Jupiter. They said that when any\nslight disagreement arises among them, there appears as it were a thin\ndazzling white ray of light, like that of ordinary lightning or like\nthe little swath which encompasses glittering and wandering stars; but\nthe disagreement among them is soon adjusted. Glittering stars, which\nare at the same time wandering signify what is false; but glittering\nand fixed stars signify what is true; thus the former signify\ndisagreement.[u]\n\n[Footnote u: Stars in the Word signify the knowledges of good and\ntruth, consequently truths, nos. 2495, 2849, 4697. And in the other\nlife truths are represented by fixed stars, but falsities by wandering\nstars, no. 1128.]\n\n51. I could distinguish the presence of the spirits of Jupiter, not\nonly by the gentleness and sweetness of their approach and influx,\nbut also by this circumstance, that their influx was for the most\npart into the face, which they rendered cheerful and smiling, and this\ncontinually as long as they were present. They said that they in the\nsame way dispose the faces of the inhabitants of their earth,\nwhen they come to them, being desirous thus to inspire them with\ntranquillity and delightsomeness of heart. The tranquillity and\ndelightsomeness with which they inspired me, sensibly filled my breast\nand heart: at the same time the longings and anxieties about the\nfuture, which cause disquiet and wretchedness, and agitate the mind\nwith various passions, were removed. From this it could be made\napparent to me what was the character of the life of the inhabitants\nof the earth Jupiter; for the inborn disposition of the inhabitants is\nknown from the spirits, since every one carries his own life with him\nfrom the world, and lives it when he becomes a spirit. It was observed\nthat they had a state of still more interior blessedness or happiness.\nThis was observed by its being perceived that their interiors were not\nclosed, but open to heaven; for the more open to heaven the interiors\nare, the more capable are they of receiving Divine good, and with it\nblessedness and interior happiness. It is quite otherwise with those\nwho do not live in the order of heaven; with them the interiors are\nclosed, and the exteriors are open to the world.\n\n52. It was also shown me what kind of faces the inhabitants of the\nearth Jupiter have; not that I saw the inhabitants themselves but\nspirits with faces similar to those they had when they dwelt on their\nearth. But before this was shown me, one of their angels appeared\nbehind a bright white cloud, and gave permission. Two faces were then\nshown. They were like the faces of the men of our Earth, fair and\nbeautiful; sincerity and modesty shone forth from them. When the\nspirits of Jupiter were with me, the faces of the men of our Earth\nappeared smaller than usual: this was owing to the circumstance that\nthere inflowed from those spirits the idea they had that their own\nfaces were larger. For when they live as men on their earth they\nbelieve that after their decease their faces will be larger, and round\nin form; and this idea, being impressed upon them, remains; and when\nthey become spirits, they appear to themselves to have larger faces.\nThe reason why they believe that their faces will be larger is that\nthey say the face is not the body, because they see, hear, speak,\nand manifest their thoughts by means of it, and because the mind thus\nshines through it; hence they have an idea of the face as the mind in\nform. And as they know that they will become wiser after their life in\nthe world, they believe that the form of the mind, that is, the face,\nwill become larger. They also believe that after their decease they\nshall perceive a fire which will communicate warmth to their faces.\nThis belief arises from a knowledge possessed by the wiser amongst\nthem that fire, in the spiritual sense, signifies love, that love is\nthe fire of life, and that from that fire the angels have life[x].\nSuch of them as have lived in heavenly love also have their wish\ngratified, and feel their face grow warm, and then the interiors of\ntheir minds are kindled with love. For this reason the inhabitants of\nthat earth frequently wash and clean their face, and also carefully\nprotect it from the sun's heat. They have a covering made of the inner\nor outer bark of a tree, which is of a bluish colour, and with this\nthey encircle the head, and thus protect the face. With respect to the\nfaces of the men of our Earth, which they saw through my eyes[y], they\nsaid that they were not beautiful, and that such beauty as they had\nconsisted in the outward skin, but not in the fibres from within. They\nwere surprised to see that the faces of some were covered with warts\nand pustules, or otherwise disfigured, and said that no such faces\nare ever to be seen among them. Yet there were some faces that pleased\nthem, such, namely, as were cheerful and smiling, and such as were\nslightly prominent about the lips.\n\n[Footnote x: Fire in the Word signifies love in both senses, nos.\n934, 4906, 5215. Sacred and heavenly fire is Divine love and every\naffection which is of that love, nos. 934, 6314, 6832. Infernal\nfire is the love of self and of the world, and every concupiscence\nbelonging to those loves, nos. 934, 1861, 5071, 6314, 6832, 7575,\n10747. Love is the fire of life, and life itself is actually derived\nfrom that fire, nos. 4906, 5071, 6832.]\n\n[Footnote y: Spirits and angels do not see the things that are in this\nsolar world but they saw through my eyes, no. 1881.]\n\n53. The reason they were pleased with the faces that were prominent\nabout the lips was, that their speech is effected mostly by means of\nthe face, especially by the part about the lips, and also because they\nnever counterfeit, that is, never speak otherwise than they think, so\nthat they do not constrain their face, but give it free play. It is\notherwise with those who from childhood have learned to counterfeit:\nwith these the face is, in consequence, constrained from within, lest\nanything of the thought should shine forth from it; nor has it free\nplay from without, but is kept in readiness to relax or constrain\nitself, as cunning may dictate. The truth (_veritas_) of this may\nappear from an examination of the fibres of the lips and surrounding\nparts, for the series of the fibres there are manifold, complicated,\nand interwoven, having been created, not only for mastication\nand verbal speech, but also for expressing the ideas of the mind\n(_animus_).\n\n54. It was also shown me how the thoughts are expressed by means of\nthe face. The affections which belong to the love are manifested by\nmeans of the countenance and its changes, and the thoughts therein by\nvariations as to the forms of the interiors there: it is impossible to\ndescribe them further. The inhabitants of the earth Jupiter have also\nverbal speech, but not so loud as with us. The one speech aids the\nother, and life is insinuated into the verbal speech by the speech\nof the face. I have been informed by the angels that the very first\nspeech in every earth was speech by the face, and from two origins\nthere, the lips and the eyes. The reason this kind of speech was the\nfirst is, that the face was formed to effigy forth whatever a man\nthinks and wills; in consequence of which the face is also called the\neffigy and index of the mind (_animus_). Another reason is, that in\nthe Most Ancient or primeval times sincerity prevailed, and no one\ncherished or wanted to cherish a thought which he was not willing\nshould shine forth out of his face. In this way, also, the affections\nof the mind (_animus_), and the thoughts from them, could be exhibited\nto the life and in fulness; thus also they even appeared to the eye\nas very many things together in a form. This speech was therefore as\nsuperior to the speech of words as sight is to hearing, that is, as\nthe sight of a landscape surpasses hearing about it and forming an\nidea of it from the verbal description. They added, that such speech\nwas in agreement with the speech of the angels, with whom men in those\ntimes also had communication; also, that when the face speaks, that\nis, the mind through the face, angelic speech is with the man in its\nultimate natural form, which is not the case when the mouth speaks by\nwords. Every one can also comprehend that verbal speech could not have\nbeen used by the Most Ancient people, since the words of a language\nare not imparted immediately, but have to be invented and applied to\nobjects; which it requires a course of time to effect[z]. So long as\nsincerity and rectitude prevailed among men, such speech continued;\nbut as soon as the mind began to think one thing and speak another,\nwhich was the case when man began to love himself and not the\nneighbour, verbal speech began to increase, the face being either\nsilent or deceitful. Hence the internal form of the face was changed,\nbecame contracted, and hardened, and began to become almost devoid\nof life; while the external form, inflamed by the fire of the love of\nself, appeared before the eyes of men as if alive; for this absence of\nlife, which is underneath, does not appear before the eyes of men,\nbut it appears before the eyes of the angels, since the angels see\ninterior things. Such are the faces of those who think one thing and\nspeak another; for simulation, hypocrisy, cunning, and deceit, which\nconstitute modern prudence, produce such effects. But the case is\ndifferent in the other life: there, no one is allowed to speak one way\nand think another. There, also, the variance is clearly perceived in\neach single expression, and when it is perceived, the spirit in whom\nthere is such variance is expelled from society, and punished. He is\nafterwards by various methods brought to speak as he thinks, and to\nthink as he wills, until his mind is one, and not divided. If he is\ngood, he is brought to will good, and to think and speak the truth\nfrom good; and if he is evil, he is brought to will evil, and to think\nand speak falsity from evil. Until this is effected, a good spirit is\nnot raised into heaven, nor an evil one cast into hell: and the object\nof this is, that in hell there may be nothing but evil and the falsity\nof evil, and in heaven nothing but good and the truth of good.\n\n[Footnote z: The Most Ancient people on this Earth spoke by the face\nand lips by means of internal respiration, nos. 607, 1118, 7361. The\ninhabitants of some other earths have a similar speech, nos. 4799,\n7359, 8248, 10587. Concerning the perfection and excellence of that\nspeech, nos. 7360, 10587, 10708.]\n\n55. The spirits who were from that earth informed me about various\nother particulars relating to its inhabitants, as, about their gait,\ntheir food, and their dwellings. With respect to their gait, they do\nnot walk erect like the inhabitants of this and of many other earths,\nnor do they creep like animals, but as they advance they assist\nthemselves with their hands, and alternately half raise themselves\non their feet, and at every third step they face about sideways and\nbehind them, and at the same time also bend the body a little, which\nis done quickly; for among them it is [considered] unbecoming to be\nlooked at by others except in the face. While walking in this manner\nthey always keep the face raised as we do, so that they may look at\nthe heaven as well as at the earth. They do not hold it down so as to\nlook at the earth; this they call accursed. The basest among them\ndo so; but if they do not get accustomed to raise the face, they are\nexpelled from their society. When, however, they sit, they appear,\nlike the men of our Earth, erect as to the upper part of the body, but\nthey sit with the feet crossed. They are extremely cautious, not only\nwhen they walk, but also when they sit, not to be seen behind, but\nin the face. They also gladly desire that their face should be seen,\nbecause their mind appears from it, for they never show a face at\nvariance with the mind, nor have they the power to do so. Those who\nare present, therefore, see clearly what is their disposition towards\nthem--which indeed they do not conceal--especially whether their\napparent friendliness is sincere or forced. These facts were made\nknown to me by their spirits, and confirmed by their angels. For the\nabove reason also, their spirits are seen, not like others, to walk\nerect; but almost like swimmers, to assist their progress with their\nhands, and by turns to look around.\n\n56. Those who live in their hot climates go naked, except for a\ncovering about the loins; nor are they ashamed of their nakedness for\ntheir minds are chaste, and they love their own consorts only, and\nabhor adulteries. They were greatly surprised that the spirits of our\nEarth, on hearing of their manner of walking and of their being naked,\nshould deride and think lasciviously, without in the least attending\nto their heavenly life, but only to such details. They said that this\nwas a sign that they cared more for bodily and earthly things than for\nheavenly things, and that indecent thoughts occupied their minds. They\nwere told that nakedness is no occasion either of shame or scandal to\nthose who live in chastity, and in a state of innocence, but that it\nis to those who live in lasciviousness and immodesty.\n\n57. When the inhabitants of that earth lie in bed, they turn their\nfaces forwards or into the chamber, but not backwards or towards the\nwall. This was told me by their spirits, who said that the cause was\nthat they believe that they thus turn their face to the Lord, but that\nif they turn it backwards they turn it away from Him. The like has\nsometimes happened to myself when in bed, but I had not previously\nbeen aware of its origin.\n\n58. They take pleasure in prolonging their repasts, not so much from\ndelight in feeding as from delight in conversing then. When they sit\nat table, they do not sit on chairs or benches, nor on raised seats of\nturf, nor on the grass, but on the leaves of a particular tree. They\nwere not willing to say of what tree the leaves were; but when I\nguessed at several, they at last assented when I named the fig tree.\nThey informed me besides, that they do not prepare their food to\nplease the palate, but chiefly for the sake of use; they added that to\nthem the food which is wholesome is savoury. A conversation took place\non this subject among the spirits, and it was urged that it would be\nwell for man to observe this rule, for thus he would ensure having a\nsound mind in a sound body. It is otherwise with those with whom the\ntaste rules: the body hence becomes diseased, at least it becomes\ninwardly feeble, consequently so does the mind; for the mind comports\nitself according to the interior state of the recipient parts of the\nbody, as sight and hearing do according to the state of the eye and\near; hence the folly of placing all the delight of life in luxury\nand pleasure; from this too comes dulness in such things as belong to\nthought and judgment, and acuteness in such as belong to the body and\nthe world. By this man acquires the likeness of a brute animal, with\nwhich indeed such persons not inappropriately compare themselves.\n\n59. Their dwellings were also shown me. They are lowly dwellings\nconstructed of wood; but within they are lined with bark or cork of a\npale blue colour, and the walls and ceiling are spotted as with stars,\nto represent the heaven; for they are fond of picturing the visible\nheaven with its constellations in the interiors of their houses, the\nreason being that they believe the constellations to be the abodes\nof the angels. They have tents also, which are rounded off above\nand extended in length, spotted likewise within with stars on a blue\nground. They retire into these in the day-time, to prevent their\nfaces suffering from the heat of the sun. They bestow much care on\nthe fashioning of these tents of theirs, and on keeping them clean. In\nthem they also take their repasts.\n\n60. The horses of our Earth, when seen by the spirits of Jupiter,\nappeared to me smaller than usual, although they were pretty robust\nand tall; which appearance arose from the idea those spirits had\nconcerning the horses on that earth. They informed me that among them\nthere are also horses like ours, though much larger, but that they\nare wild or in the woods, and that when they come in sight they strike\nterror into them, although they are quite harmless; they added that\ntheir fear of them is innate or natural. This gave me occasion to\nthink of the cause of that fear. For in the spiritual sense, a horse\nsignifies the Intellectual formed from scientifics[aa]; and as they\nare afraid of cultivating the Intellectual by worldly sciences, from\nthis comes an influx of fear. That they do not care for scientifics,\nwhich are of human erudition, will be seen in the following pages.\n\n[Footnote aa: The horse signifies the Intellectual, nos. 2760-2762,\n3217, 5321, 6125, 6400, 6534, 7024, 8146, 8148. And the \"White Horse\"\nin the Apocalypse denotes the understanding of the Word, no. 2760.]\n\n61. The spirits of that earth are not inclined to associate with the\nspirits of our Earth, because they differ in disposition and manners.\nThey say that the spirits of our Earth are cunning, and are quick\nand clever in the contrivance of evils, and that they know and think\nlittle about what is good. Moreover, the spirits of the earth Jupiter\nare much wiser than the spirits of our Earth; they also say of ours\nthat they talk much and think little, and that therefore they cannot\ninteriorly perceive many things, and that they cannot even perceive\nwhat good is. They conclude from this that the men of our Earth are\nexternal men. It was also once permitted the evil spirits of our Earth\nto act by their wicked arts, and to infest the spirits of Jupiter who\nwere with me. The latter endured them for a very long time, but\nat length confessed that they could do so no longer, and that\nthey believed that there could not be worse spirits, since they so\nperverted their imagination, and also their thought, that they seemed\nto themselves as it were bound, and incapable of being extricated from\nthis bondage, and set at liberty, except by Divine aid. While I read\nfrom the Word some passages on the subject of our Saviour's Passion,\nsome European spirits uttered dreadful scandals, with the intention\nof seducing the spirits of Jupiter. Inquiry being made as to who\nthey were, and what their profession in the world had been, it was\nascertained that some of them had been preachers, and many of them\nwere of those who call themselves Members of the Society of the Lord,\nor Jesuits. I remarked that these, during their life in the world, by\ntheir preachings on the subject of the Lord's Passion, had been able\nto move the common people to tears. I also added the cause, that in\nthe world they had thought one way and spoken another, thus that they\nhad entertained one sentiment in their hearts and professed another\nwith their lips; but that now they are not allowed to speak thus\ndeceitfully, for, on becoming spirits, they are compelled to speak\nexactly as they think. The spirits of Jupiter were exceedingly\nastonished that there could be such a variance between the interiors\nand exteriors belonging to a man, that is to say, that it should be\npossible to speak one way and think quite another way, which would\nbe impossible for them. They were surprised to hear that many who\nare from our Earth even become angels, and that they are of quite a\ndifferent heart. They had supposed that all on our Earth were like\nthose [evil ones who were then present], but they were told that many\nare not of this character, and that there are also some who think from\ngood, and not, like these, from evil, and that those who think from\ngood become angels. In order that they might know that this was the\ncase, there came from the heaven of angels from our Earth choirs, one\nafter another, who glorified the Lord together with one voice, and\nwith harmony[bb]. These choirs affected the spirits of Jupiter\nwho were with me, with such intense delight, that they seemed to\nthemselves as it were caught up into heaven. This glorification by the\nchoirs lasted about one hour. The delights which they experienced from\nthis were communicated to me, and I was enabled to feel them sensibly.\nThey said they would relate this occurrence to those of them who were\nelsewhere.\n\n[Footnote bb: It is called a choir when many spirits speak at once\nand unanimously, concerning which see nos. 2595, 2596, 3350. In their\nspeech there is harmony, concerning which see nos. 1648, 1649. By\nmeans of choirs in the other life an inauguration into unanimity is\neffected, no. 5182.]\n\n62. The inhabitants of the earth Jupiter place wisdom in thinking well\nand justly on all things that occur in life. This wisdom they imbibe\nfrom their parents from childhood, and it is successively transmitted\nto posterity, and goes on increasing from the love they have for it\nas existing with their parents. Of the sciences, such as exist on our\nEarth, they know nothing whatever, nor have they any desire to know.\nThey call them shades, and compare them to clouds which come between\n[the earth and] the sun. They were led into this idea concerning\nthe sciences by the conduct of some who had come from our Earth,\nwho boasted in their presence that they were wise by reason of the\nsciences. The spirits from our Earth, who thus boasted, were such as\nplaced wisdom in such things as are matters of the memory only, as in\nlanguages, especially the Hebrew, Greek, and Latin, in the noteworthy\npublications of the learned world, in criticism, in bare experimental\nfacts, and in terms, especially philosophical ones, and other similar\nthings, not using them as means for becoming wise, but making wisdom\nto consist in those very things. Such persons, in consequence of not\nhaving cultivated their rational faculty by the sciences as means, in\nthe other life have little perception, for they see only in terms and\nfrom terms, and, for those who see in this way, those things are as\nlittle formless masses, and as clouds before the intellectual sight\n(see above, no. 38); and those who have been conceited of their\nlearning from this source perceive still less. But those who have used\nthe sciences as means of invalidating and annihilating the things\nthat belong to the church and to faith, have entirely destroyed their\nIntellectual, and see in the dark like owls, seeing falsity for truth\nand evil for good. The spirits of Jupiter, from intercourse with such\npersons, concluded that the sciences occasion shade and blindness; it\nwas told them, however, that on this Earth the sciences are means of\nopening the intellectual sight, which is in the light of heaven; but\nbecause of the dominion of such things as belong to merely natural\nand sensual life, the sciences, to those [who are such], are means of\nbecoming insane, that is to say, of confirming themselves in favour of\nNature against the Divine, and in favour of the world against heaven.\nThe sciences, they were further informed, are in themselves spiritual\nriches, and those who possess them are like those who possess worldly\nriches, which likewise are means of performing uses to oneself, one's\nneighbour, and one's country, and are also means of doing evil\nto them. They are, moreover, like dress, which serves for use and\nadornment and also for gratifying pride, as with those who would\nbe held in honour for that alone. The spirits of the earth Jupiter\nunderstood this perfectly; but they were surprised that, being men,\nthey should stand still in the means, and prefer to wisdom itself such\nthings as only lead to it; and that they did not see, that to immerse\nthe mind in these, and not raise it above them, is to becloud and\nblind it.\n\n63. A certain spirit ascending from the lower earth came to me, and\nsaid that he had heard the things that I had spoken to the other\nspirits, but did not understand anything of what had been said about\nspiritual life and its light. Being asked whether he desired to be\ninstructed on the subject, he answered that he had not come with that\nintention, from which I could conclude that such subjects did not come\nwithin his comprehension. He was exceedingly stupid. It was stated by\nthe angels that, when he lived a man in the world, he had been among\nthe most celebrated for his learning. He was cold, as was sensibly\nfelt from his breath; which was a sign that he had no spiritual, but\nmerely natural light (_lumen_); consequently that by means of the\nsciences he had not opened but closed up for himself the way to the\nlight (_lux_) of heaven.\n\n64. As the inhabitants of the earth Jupiter acquire intelligence\nfor themselves by a different way from that followed by those of our\nEarth, and as, besides, they are of a different natural disposition\nin consequence of their life, they cannot be together long, but either\nshun them or remove them. There are spheres, which are to be called\nspiritual spheres, which continually emanate, nay, pour forth, from\nevery spirit; they flow from the activity of the affections and\nthe consequent thoughts, consequently from the very life[cc]. All\nconsociations in the other life take place according to the spheres;\nthings that are in agreement are conjoined according to the agreement,\nand things that disagree are removed according to the disagreement.\nThe spirits and angels who are from the earth Jupiter have relation,\nin the Grand Man, to the IMAGINATIVE [PART] OF THOUGHT, and thus to\nan active state of the interior parts; while the spirits of our Earth\nhave relation to the various functions of the exterior parts of\nthe body, and when these desire to have the dominion, the active or\nimaginative [part] of thought from the interior cannot flow in. Hence\nthe oppositions between the spheres of the life of the two.\n\n[Footnote cc: A spiritual sphere, which is the sphere of the life,\nflows forth and pours forth from every man, spirit, and angel, and\nencompasses them about, nos. 4464, 5179, 7454. It flows forth from the\nlife of their affection and consequent thought, nos. 2489, 4464, 6206.\nIn the other life consociations are effected according to the spheres,\nand so also are dissociations, nos. 6206, 9606, 9607, 10312.]\n\n65. With respect to their Divine worship, its principal feature is\nthat they acknowledge our Lord as the Supreme Being who governs\nheaven and earth. Him they call the One only Lord; and because they\nacknowledge and worship Him during their life in the body, they seek\nHim after death, and find Him: He is the same with our Lord. Being\nquestioned whether they knew that the One only Lord is Man, they\nreplied that they all know that He is Man, because in their earth He\nhas been seen by many as a Man; and that He instructs them concerning\nthe truth (_veritas_), preserves them, and gives eternal life to those\nwho worship Him from good. They said further, that it is revealed to\nthem by Him how they ought to live, and how they ought to believe; and\nthat what is revealed is handed on by the parents to the children, and\nthus the doctrine spreads to all the families, and thus to the whole\nclan that is descended from one father. They added, that it seems to\nthem as if they had the doctrine written on their minds; which they\nconclude from the circumstance, that they instantly perceive and\nacknowledge as of themselves, whether what others say concerning the\nlife of heaven with man is true or not. They do not know that their\nOne only Lord was born a man on our Earth; they said that it does not\nconcern them to know this, but only to know that He is Very Man, and\ngoverns the universe. When I said that on our Earth He is named the\nChrist Jesus, and that the Christ signifies the anointed or the king,\nand Jesus, the Saviour, they said that they do not worship Him as\na king, because kingship savours of what is worldly, but that they\nworship Him as the Saviour. The spirits of our Earth having injected\na doubt whether their One only Lord was the same with our Lord, they\nremoved it by recollecting that they had seen Him in the sun, and had\nacknowledged that it was He Himself whom they had seen on their earth\n(see above, no. 40). Once also there inflowed with the spirits of\nJupiter who were with me, a momentary doubt whether their One only\nLord was the same as our Lord; but this doubt, which inflowed in a\nmoment, was also dispelled in a moment; (it had inflowed from some\nspirits from our Earth;) and then, what surprised me, they so blushed\nwith shame for having doubted on this point, though but for a moment,\nthat they told me not to make it public, lest on account of it they\nshould be charged with any incredulity, when yet they now knew it more\nthan others. These spirits were greatly affected and rejoiced when\nthey heard it declared that the One only Lord is the only Man, and\nthat all derive from Him what entitles them to be called men, and,\nindeed, that they are only so far men as they are images of Him, that\nis, so far as they love Him and the neighbour, consequently so far\nas they are in good; for the good of love and of faith is the Lord's\nimage.\n\n66. There were some spirits of the earth Jupiter with me while I was\nreading the seventeenth chapter of John, relating to the Lord's love\nand His glorification. On hearing the things that are written there,\na holy influence filled them, and they acknowledged that all things\ntherein were Divine. But then some spirits of our Earth, who were\ninfidels, kept insinuating scandals, saying that the Lord was born an\ninfant, lived a man, appeared like another man, and was crucified\nand other like things: but the spirits of the earth Jupiter paid no\nattention to those things. They said that such are their devils,\nwhom they abhor; adding, that in their minds there abides absolutely\nnothing that is heavenly, but only what is earthly, which they called\ndross. They said that they had also ascertained this to be the case\nfrom the fact, that when they heard that on that earth they go naked,\nobscenity instantly occupied their thoughts, and that they gave no\nthought at all to their heavenly life, of which they also heard at the\nsame time.\n\n67. In how clear a perception on spiritual subjects the spirits of\nJupiter are, was made evident to me from their representation of how\nthe Lord converts depraved affections into good ones. They represented\nthe intellectual mind as a beautiful form, and imparted to it the\nactivity of a form fit for the life of affection. This they did in a\nmanner which cannot be described in words, and so skilfully that they\nwere highly commended by the angels. There were present at the time\nsome of the learned from our Earth, who had immersed the Intellectual\nin terms belonging to scientifics, and had written and thought much\nabout form, substance, the material and the immaterial, and the like,\nwithout applying them to any use; these could not even comprehend that\nrepresentation.\n\n68. On their earth the greatest care is taken to prevent any one\nfalling into wrong opinions respecting the One only Lord; and if they\nobserve that any begin to think wrongly respecting Him, they\nfirst admonish them, then deter them by threats, and at length by\npunishments. They said they had observed, that any family, into which\nany such thing had crept, is removed from amongst them, not by the\npunishment of death inflicted by their fellow-men, but by spirits\ndepriving them of respiration and consequently of life, after first\nthreatening them with death. For in that earth spirits speak with the\ninhabitants and chastise them if they have done evil, and also if they\nhave intended to do evil; of which more will be said in subsequent\npages. Therefore, if they think ill concerning the One only Lord, and\ndo not repent, they are threatened with death. In this way the worship\nof the Lord, who to them is the Supreme Divine, is preserved on that\nearth.\n\n69. They stated that they have no holy days, but that every morning at\nsunrise, and every evening at sunset, they perform holy worship to the\nOne only Lord in their tents; and that they also, after their manner,\nsing sacred songs.\n\n70. I was further informed that in that earth there are some who call\nthemselves Saints, and who, under penalty of punishment in case of\ndisobedience, command their servants, of whom they have great numbers,\nto address them as lords. They also forbid them to adore the Lord of\nthe universe, saying that they themselves are mediatory lords, and\nthat they will convey their supplications to the Lord of the universe.\nThe Lord of the universe, who is our Lord, they do not call the One\nonly Lord, as all the others do, but the Supreme Lord, for the reason\nthat they call themselves lords. They call the sun of the world the\nface of the Supreme Lord, and believe that He has His abode there;\nwherefore they also adore the sun. The other inhabitants hold them\nin aversion, and are unwilling to have intercourse with them, both\nbecause they adore the sun, and because they call themselves lords,\nand are worshipped by their servants as mediatory gods. Their\nhead-dress was shown me by spirits: it was a high crowned hat of a\ndark colour. In the other life such appear to the left at some height,\nwhere they sit like idols, and at first are worshipped by the servants\nwho had formerly been with them; but these, too, afterwards hold them\nin derision. What surprised me, their faces there shine as from fire:\nthis arises from their having believed themselves to be saints; yet,\nnotwithstanding this fiery appearance of their faces, they are cold,\nand intensely desire to become warm. From this it is evident that the\nfire from which they shine is the fire of the love of self, and an\n_ignis fatuus_. In order to acquire warmth they seem to themselves\nto cut wood, and while cutting, under the wood appears something of a\nman, whom at the same time they try to strike. This arises from their\nattributing merit and holiness to themselves: those who do this in\nthe world, in the other life seem to themselves to cut wood, as was\nlikewise the case with some from our Earth, who have been spoken of\nelsewhere. To illustrate this subject, I may here adduce my experience\nconcerning these:[A] \"In the lower earth, under the soles of the feet,\nare also those who have placed merit in good acts and works. Many of\nthem appear to themselves to cut wood. The place where they are is\nvery cold, and they seem to themselves to acquire warmth by their\nlabour. With these also I have spoken, and it was given me to ask them\nwhether they had any desire to get out of that place: to this they\nreplied, that they had not as yet merited it by their labour. But when\nthis state has been accomplished they are taken out from thence.\nThese [spirits] are natural, because wishing to merit salvation is not\nspiritual, for it comes from the proprium and not from the Lord; and\nbesides, they prefer themselves to others, and some of them despise\nothers; and if they do not receive more joy than others in the other\nlife, they are indignant against the Lord; wherefore when they are\ncutting wood, it appears as if something of the Lord were under the\nwood. This arises from their indignation.\"[dd]\n\n[Footnote A: _Arcana_, no. 4943. See also nos. 1110, 8740.--TR.]\n\n[Footnote dd: Merit and righteousness belong to the Lord alone, nos.\n9715, 9975, 9979, 9981, 9982. Those who place merit in works, or want\nto merit heaven by the good deeds which they do, in the other life\nwant to be served, and are never contented, no. 6393. They despise\ntheir neighbour, and are angry with the Lord Himself if they do not\nreceive reward, no. 9976. What their lot in the other life is, nos.\n942, 1774, 1877, 2027. They are of those who in the lower earth appear\nto cut wood, nos. 1110, 4943.]\n\n71. It is common on that earth for spirits to speak with the\ninhabitants, and to instruct them, and also to chastise them if they\nhave done evil. As many particulars on this subject have been related\nto me by their angels, I will recount them in their order. The reason\nthat spirits there speak with men is, that they think much about\nheaven and the life after death, and are comparatively little\nsolicitous about the life of the world; for they know that they shall\nlive after their decease, and in a happy state according to the state\nof their internal man that has been formed in the world. Speaking with\nspirits and angels was common on our Earth also in ancient times, and\nfor the same reason, namely, that they thought [much] of heaven and\nlittle of the world. But in course of time that living communication\nwith heaven was closed, in proportion as man, from being internal,\nbecame external, or, what is the same, as he began to think much about\nthe world and little about heaven, and especially when he ceased to\nbelieve in the existence of heaven and hell, or in the existence in\nhimself of a spirit-man that lives after death. For at this day it\nis believed that the body lives from itself and not from its spirit;\nwherefore unless man now cherished the belief that he is to rise again\nwith his body, he would have no belief in the resurrection.\n\n72. With reference specially to the presence of spirits with the\ninhabitants of the earth Jupiter, there are spirits who chastise,\nspirits who instruct, and spirits who govern them. The spirits who\nchastise apply themselves to the left side, and incline themselves\ntowards the back; and when there, they draw out of the man's memory\nall the things that he has done or thought: this is easy for spirits\nto do, for when they come to a man they enter into all his memory[j].\nIf they find he has done evil, or has thought evil, they reprove him,\nand also chastise him with pain in the joints of his feet or hands,\nor with pain about the region of the belly; this, too, spirits can do\nskilfully when it is permitted. When such spirits come to a man, they\ninspire him with a horror accompanied by fear, by which the man is\nmade aware of their coming. Fear may be excited in any person by evil\nspirits on their approach, especially by those who, during their life\nin the world, had been robbers. In order that I might know how\nthese spirits act when they come to a man of their own earth, it was\npermitted that such a spirit should approach me. When he was near,\nhorror accompanied by fear manifestly seized hold of me; yet it was\nnot inwardly that I shuddered, but outwardly, because I knew it was a\nspirit of such a character. He also came in sight, and he appeared as\na dark cloud, in which were wandering stars; wandering stars signify\nfalsities, but fixed stars signify truths. He applied himself to my\nleft side towards the back; and he also began to reprove me for deeds\nand thoughts which he drew out of my memory, and on which he put\na wrong construction; but he was checked by the angels. When he\napperceived that he was with one who was not a man of his own earth,\nhe began to speak to me, saying, that when he comes to a man, he\nknows all things in general and particular that the man has done and\nthought, and that he severely reproves him, and also chastises him\nwith various pains. At yet another time such a chastising spirit came\nto me, and applied himself to my left side below the middle of the\nbody, as the former spirit had done; he also wanted to punish me;\nbut he, too, was restrained by the angels. He showed me, however, the\nkinds of punishments which they are permitted to inflict on the men\nof their earth, if they do evil, or harbour the intention of doing\nit. These were, besides the pain of the joints, a painful contraction\nabout the middle of the belly, which is felt like compression by a\ntight belt; a deprivation of respiration at times even to suffocation;\nalso a prohibition to eat anything but bread for a time; and, lastly,\nthe threat of death, if they do not discontinue doing such things,\nwith the deprivation, at the same time, of conjugial, parental, and\nsocial joy; grief on this account is then also insinuated.\n\n73. The spirits who instruct also apply themselves to their left side,\nbut more in front. They, too, reprove, but mildly, and then teach\nthem how they ought to live. They also appear dark, yet not, like the\nformer, as clouds, but as if clothed with sackcloth. These are\ncalled Instructors, but the former, Chastisers When these spirits are\npresent, angelic spirits are also present, sitting at the head, which\nthey fill in a peculiar manner: their presence there is also perceived\nas a gentle breathing, for they fear lest their approach and influx\nshould cause man to perceive the least pain or anxiety. They govern\nboth the chastising and the instructing spirits; the chastisers, lest\nthey treat the man more hardly than is permitted by the Lord, and\nthe instructors, that they may teach the truth. While the chastising\nspirit was with me, angelic spirits were also present, and kept my\nface continually cheerful and smiling, the region about the lips\nprominent, and my mouth slightly open. This the angels easily effect\nby means of influx, when the Lord permits. They said that they induce\nsuch a countenance on the inhabitants of their earth, when they are\npresent with them.\n\n74. If a man, after chastisement and instruction, again does evil, or\nthinks to do evil, and does not restrain himself in accordance\nwith the precepts of truth, he is more severely punished when the\nchastising spirit returns; but the angelic spirits moderate the\npunishment according to the intention in the deeds, and the will in\nthe thoughts. From these facts it may appear, that their angels who\nsit at the head have a kind of judicial power over man, since they\npermit, moderate, restrain, and influence. It was said, however, that\nit is not they who judge, but that the Lord alone is Judge, and that\nall things which they enjoin on the chastising and instructing spirits\ninflow into them from Him, and that it appears as if it were from\nthem.\n\n75. Spirits there speak with man, but man in his turn does not speak\nwith the spirits, except the words, when instructed, _that he will\ndo so no more_. Nor is he allowed to tell any one that a spirit has\nspoken to him; if he does so, he is punished afterwards. Those spirits\nof Jupiter, when they were with me, at first supposed that they were\nwith a man of their own earth; but when I in my turn spoke with them,\nand also when I thought of publishing what passed between us, and so\nrelating it to others, then, because they were not allowed to chastise\nor instruct me, they discovered that they were with a stranger.\n\n76. There are two signs which appear to those spirits when they are\nwith man (_homo_). They see an old man (_vir_) with a white face; this\nis a sign to speak only what is true, and to do only what is just.\nThey also see a face in a window; this is a sign to them to depart.\nThis old man has also appeared to me; and a face has also appeared in\na window, on seeing which those spirits immediately departed from me.\n\n77. Besides the spirits who have already been mentioned, there are\nspirits who urge contrary things. They consist of those who, during\ntheir life in the world, had been banished from the society of others\nbecause they were evil. When they approach there appears as it were\na flying fire, which descends near the face. They place themselves\nbeneath at the posterior parts of the man, and from thence they speak\ntowards the higher parts. They say things that are contrary to what\nthe instructor-spirit teaches from the angels, namely, that men\nshould not live according to instruction, but according to their own\ninclination, and in licentiousness, with other similar things. They\ngenerally come after the other spirits have departed; but the people\nthere know who and what those spirits are, and therefore pay no\nattention to them. Still, they learn in this way what evil is, and\nthereby what good is; for by means of evil one learns what good is,\ninasmuch as the quality of good is known from its opposite. Every\nperception of a thing is according to reflection relative to its\ndifferences from things that are contrary in various ways and degrees.\n\n78. The chastising and instructing spirits do not come to those who\ncall themselves saints and mediatory lords, and who have been treated\nof above (at no. 70), as they do to others on that earth, because\nthey do not suffer themselves to be instructed and are not amended\nby discipline; they are inflexible, because they act from the love of\nself. Spirits say they know such by their coldness, and that when they\napperceive the cold they depart from them.\n\n79. Among the spirits of Jupiter there are also some whom they call\nchimney-sweepers, because they appear in garments like those of\nchimney-sweepers, and with the face smeared with soot; who and of what\ncharacter they are I am also permitted to describe. One such spirit\ncame to me, and anxiously entreated me to intercede for him, that he\nmight come into heaven. He said he did not know that he had done evil,\nonly that he had rebuked the inhabitants of the earth: he added that,\nafter rebuking, he had instructed them. He applied himself to my left\nside under the elbow, and spoke as if with a double voice; he could\nalso excite pity. But I could only say in reply that I could not\nrender him any assistance, and that this was possible for the Lord\nalone; nor could I intercede for him, because I did not know whether\nit would be of any use; but that if he were worthy he might have hope.\nHe was then sent amongst some well-disposed spirits who were from\nhis own earth; but they said that he could not be in their company,\nbecause he was not of the same character. But as he still importuned\nwith intense desire to be let into heaven, he was sent into a society\nof well-disposed spirits of this Earth; but they, too, said that he\ncould not be with them. In the light of heaven he was also of a black\ncolour, but he said that he was not of a black, but of a murrhine\ncolour. I was told that of such a character at first are the spirits\nwho afterwards are received amongst those who constitute the province\nof the SEMINAL VESICLES in the Grand Man or Heaven; for in those\nvesicles the semen is collected, and is enclosed in a covering of\nsuitable matter fit to preserve the prolific quality of the seed from\nbeing dissipated but which may be put off in the neck of the uterus,\nso that what is reserved within may be serviceable for conception, or\nthe impregnation of the ovulum. Hence, also, that seminal matter has\nan endeavour, and as it were a burning desire, to put itself off, and\nleave the semen to perform its use. Something similar to this appeared\nwith that spirit. He again came to me in mean raiment, and again\nsaid that he had an ardent desire to enter heaven, and that he now\napperceived that he was such that he could go there. It was then given\nme to tell him that perhaps this was a sign that he would soon be\nreceived. The angels then told him to cast off his raiment, which,\nfrom the ardency of his desire, he did with a quickness that could\nscarcely be surpassed. By this was represented the character of the\ndesires of those who are in the province to which the seminal vesicles\ncorrespond. It was said that such spirits, when prepared for heaven,\nare stripped of their own garments, and clothed with new shining\ngarments, and become angels. They were likened to caterpillars, which,\nhaving passed through their vile state, are changed into chrysalides\nand then into butterflies, when they are given other clothing, and\nalso wings of a blue or yellow, a silver or golden colour. Then, too,\nthey are given the freedom to fly in the open air as in their heaven,\nto celebrate their marriages, and lay their eggs, and so provide for\nthe propagation of their kind; then also there are given to them sweet\nand pleasant food which they suck from the juices and odours of the\nvarious flowers.\n\n80. In what precedes nothing has been said as to the character of the\nangels who are from that earth; for those already mentioned (no.\n73), who come to the men of their earth, and sit at the head, are not\nangels in their interior heaven, but are angelic spirits or angels\nin their exterior heaven. And as it has been disclosed to me what the\ncharacter of those [interior] angels is, it is permitted me to relate\nwhat it has been given me to know concerning them. A certain one of\nthose spirits of Jupiter, who inspire fear, approached my left side\nbeneath the elbow, and spoke to me from thence. His speech was harsh,\nand his expressions were not very distinct and separate from each\nother, so that I had to consider a long time before I could gather\nthe sense; and while he was speaking he inspired some degree of fear,\nadmonishing me in this way to receive the angels well when they came.\nBut it was given me to reply that this did not depend on me, but that\nwith me all were received according to what they themselves were.\nSoon after this the angels of that earth came, and it was given me to\nperceive from their speech with me that they differed entirely from\nthe angels of our Earth; for their speech was not effected by means\nof words, but by means of ideas which diffused themselves through my\ninteriors from all sides: and for this reason also they had an\ninflux into the face, so that the face accorded with each particular,\nbeginning at the lips, and proceeding towards the circumference in\nevery direction. The ideas, which were in place of verbal expressions\nwere discrete from each other, but in a very small degree. Afterwards\nthey spoke with me by means of ideas still less discrete, so that\nhardly any interval was perceived: in my perception it was like the\nmeaning of words with those who attend only to the sense abstractedly\nfrom the expressions. This speech was more intelligible to me than the\nformer, and it was also fuller. Like the other, it inflowed into the\nface, but the influx was more continuous according to the character of\nthe speech; it did not, however, like the former, begin at the\nlips, but at the eyes. Afterwards they spoke in a manner still more\ncontinuous and full; and now the face could not accord by a suitable\nmotion; but it was felt that the influx was into the brain, and that\nthis was acted upon in like manner. Lastly, they spoke in such a\nmanner that the speech fell only into the interior understanding; its\nfluency was like that of rarefied air. I was sensible of the influx\nitself, but not distinctly of the particulars. These several kinds of\nspeech were circumstanced like different fluids--the first kind was\nlike flowing water; the second like water of less density; the third\nlike the atmosphere respectively; and the fourth like rarefied air.\nThe spirit already mentioned, who was on the left side, sometimes\ninterposed, chiefly admonishing me to behave modestly towards his\nangels; for there were spirits present from our Earth who suggested\nsuch things as gave displeasure. He said that he did not [at first]\nunderstand what the angels were speaking about, but that he afterwards\ndid, when he had moved to my left ear. Then also his speech was not\nharsh as before, but like that of other spirits.\n\n81. I afterwards spoke with the angels respecting some of the\nremarkable things on our Earth, especially the art of printing, the\nWord, and the various doctrinals of the church from the Word; and\nI stated that the Word and the doctrinals [of the church] were\npublished, and were thus learnt. They wondered exceedingly that such\nthings could be made public by writing and printing.\n\n82. It was given me to see how the spirits of that earth, after having\nbeen prepared, are taken up into heaven, and become angels. On such\noccasions there appear chariots and shining horses as of fire, by\nwhich they are carried away like Elijah. The reason why chariots\nand shining horses as of fire appear, is that in this way there is\nrepresented that they are instructed and prepared to enter heaven; for\nchariots signify the doctrinals of the church, and shining horses, an\nenlightened understanding[ee].\n\n[Footnote ee: Chariots signify the doctrinals of the Church, nos.\n2760, 5321, 8215. Horses signify the Intellectual, nos. 2760, 2761,\n2762, 3217, 5321, 6125, 6400, 6534, 7024, 8146, 8148, 8381. The White\nHorse in the Apocalypse signifies the understanding of the Word, no.\n2760. By Elijah in the representative sense is meant the Word,\nnos. 2762, 5247. And since all the doctrine of the church and the\nunderstanding thereof are from the Word, Elijah is called \"the\nchariots of Israel and the horsemen thereof,\" no. 2762. On this\naccount he was taken up by a chariot of fire, and horses of fire, nos.\n2762, 8029.]\n\n83. The heaven into which they are carried away appears on the right\ntowards their earth, consequently separated from the heaven of the\nangels of our Earth. The angels who are in that heaven appear clothed\nin resplendent blue, spotted with little stars of gold, and this\nbecause they were fond of that colour in the world, and also believed\nit to be the most heavenly colour, especially because they are in that\nvariety of good of love to which this colour corresponds[ff].\n\n[Footnote ff: Blue originating in red or flame corresponds to the good\nof celestial love; and blue originating in white or light (_lucidum_)\ncorresponds to the good of spiritual love, no. 9868.]\n\n84. There appeared to me a bald head, but only the topmost part of it,\nwhich was bony. I was told that such a bald head is seen by those who\nare to die within a year, and that they then prepare themselves. They\ndo not fear death there, except on account of leaving their conjugial\nconsorts, their children, or their parents, for they know that they\nshall live after death, and that they do not quit life because they\ngo to heaven; wherefore, they do not call death dying, but being\nheaven-made. Those on that earth who have lived in truly conjugial\nlove, and have taken such care of their children as becomes parents,\ndo not die of disease, but tranquilly as in sleep, and so pass from\nthe world into heaven. The age of man there is generally thirty years,\naccording to the years of our Earth. It is of the Lord's Providence\nthat they die within such a short space of time, lest the number of\nmen should increase beyond what that earth can support. And as, when\nthey have completed those years, they do not suffer themselves to be\nled by spirits and angels, like those who have not yet completed them,\nspirits and angels seldom attend those who have passed that age. They\nalso come to maturity sooner than on our Earth. They also contract\nmarriages in the first flower of early manhood, and then their\ndelights consist in loving their conjugial partners and taking care\nof their children. Other delights they indeed call delights, but\nrelatively external ones.\n\n\n\n\nTHE EARTH OR PLANET MARS, AND ITS SPIRITS AND INHABITANTS.\n\n\n85. Of all the spirits who come from the earths of this solar system,\nthose of Mars are the best, being for the most part celestial men, not\nunlike those who were of the Most Ancient Church on this Earth[gg].\nWhen they are represented as to their quality, they are represented\nwith the face in heaven and the body in the world of spirits; and\nthose of them who are angels are represented with the face towards the\nLord and the body in heaven.\n\n[Footnote gg: The first and Most Ancient Church on this earth was a\ncelestial church, which was the chief of all, concerning which, see\nnos. 607, 895, 920, 1121, 1122, 1123, 1124, 2896, 4493, 8891, 9942,\n10545. A church is called celestial wherein love to the Lord is the\nprincipal thing, but spiritual wherein the principal thing is charity\ntowards the neighbour, and faith, nos. 3691, 6435, 9468, 9680, 9683,\n9780.]\n\n86. In the idea of spirits and angels, the planet Mars, like the\nplanets elsewhere, appears constantly in its own place, which is to\nthe left in front, at some distance, in the plane of the breast, and\nthus outside of the sphere where the spirits of our Earth are. The\nspirits of one earth are separated from those of another, because the\nspirits of each earth have relation to some particular province in the\nGrand Man[f]; and are, therefore, in other and different states;\nand this diversity of state causes them to appear separate from each\nother, either to the right or to the left, at a greater or lesser\ndistance[hh].\n\n[Footnote hh: Distances in the other life are real appearances, which\nare exhibited to the sight by the Lord, according to the states of the\ninteriors of angels and spirits, nos. 5604, 9104, 9440, 10146.]\n\n87. Spirits from thence came to me, and applied themselves to my\nleft temple, where they breathed their speech upon me, but I did not\nunderstand it. As to its flow it was very soft: I had never before\nperceived any softer; it was like a very gentle breeze. It breathed\nfirst upon the left temple, and upon the upper part of the left ear;\nthe breathing proceeded thence to the left eye, and by degrees to the\nright, and flowed down afterwards, especially from the left eye,\nto the lips; and when at the lips it entered through the mouth, and\nthrough a way within the mouth, and, indeed, through the Eustachian\ntube, into the brain. When the breathing arrived there, I understood\ntheir speech, and was enabled to speak with them. When they spoke with\nme, I observed that my lips were moved, and my tongue also slightly,\nwhich was owing to the correspondence of interior with exterior\nspeech. Exterior speech is that of articulate sound which impinges\nupon the external membrane of the ear, and it is conveyed from thence,\nby means of the small organs, membranes, and fibres, which are within\nthe ear, to the brain. From these facts it was given me to know that\nthe speech of the inhabitants of Mars was different from that of\nthe inhabitants of our Earth, in that it is not sonorous, but almost\ntacit, insinuating itself into the interior hearing and sight by a\nshorter way; and that, being such, it was more perfect, and fuller of\nthe ideas of thought, thus approaching nearer to the speech of spirits\nand angels. Among them the very affection of the speech is also\nrepresented in the face, and its thought in the eyes; for with them\nthought and speech, and affection and the face, act in unity. They\naccount it infamous to think one thing and speak another, and to will\none thing and show another in the face. They know not what hypocrisy\nis, nor fraudulent simulation and deceit. The same kind of speech\nprevailed amongst the Most Ancient inhabitants of our Earth, as it has\nbeen given me to learn by conversation with some of them in the other\nlife; and to elucidate this subject I may relate what I have heard\nrespecting it, as follows: \"It was shown me by an influx which I\ncannot describe, what was the character of the speech which prevailed\namongst those who were of the Most Ancient Church[gg]. It was not\narticulate, like the vocal speech of our time, but tacit, being\neffected, not by external, but by internal respiration, consequently\nit was a cogitative speech. It was given me also to apperceive the\ncharacter of their internal respiration. It proceeded from the navel\ntowards the heart, and so through the lips without sound when they\nspoke. It did not enter the ear of another by an external way, and\nstrike upon what is called the drum of the ear, but by a certain\ninternal way, and indeed by what at this day is called the Eustachian\ntube. It was shown me, that by such speech they could express the\nfeelings of the mind (_animus_), and the ideas of thought, much\nmore fully than can possibly be done by articulate sounds or audible\nexpressions, which speech is likewise directed by respiration, but\nexternal; for there is not a vocal sound, yea, there is nothing in a\nvocal sound, which is not directed by applications of the respiration.\nBut with them this was done much more perfectly, because by the\ninternal respiration, which, because more interior, is also more\nperfect, and more applicable and conformable to the very ideas of\nthought; besides, [it is done] also by slight motions of the lips, and\ncorresponding changes of the face; for, as they were celestial men,\nwhatever they thought shone forth from their face and eyes, which were\nconformably varied, the face as to form according to the life of the\naffection, and the eyes as to light. It was quite impossible for\nthem to present a countenance which was not in agreement with their\nthoughts. As their speech was effected by internal respiration, which\nis that of the human spirit itself, they could have communion with\nangels, and speak with them.\" The respiration of the spirits of\nMars was also communicated to me[ii], and it was perceived that it\nproceeded from the region of the chest towards the navel, and thence\nflowed upwards through the breast, with an imperceptible breathing\n(_halitus_) towards the mouth. From these facts, and also from other\nexperiential proofs, it was made evident to me that they were of a\ncelestial genius, consequently, that they were not unlike those who\nbelonged to the Most Ancient Church on this earth.\n\n[Footnote ii: Spirits and angels have respiration, nos. 3884, 3885,\n3891, 3893.]\n\n88. I was informed that the spirits of Mars in the Grand Man have\nrelation to the medium between the Intellectual and the Voluntary,\nconsequently to THOUGHT FROM AFFECTION, and the best of them to THE\nAFFECTION OF THOUGHT; hence it is that their face acts in unity\nwith their thought, and that they cannot simulate in the presence of\nanyone. And as this is their relation in the Grand Man, the\nmiddle province, which is between the cerebrum and the cerebellum,\ncorresponds to them; for with those in whom the cerebrum and the\ncerebellum are conjoined as to spiritual operations, the face acts\nin unity with the thought, so that the very affection of the thought\nshines forth from the face, and the general [character] of the thought\nfrom the affection, and also from certain signs that show themselves\nin the eyes. Wherefore, while they were with me, I sensibly\napperceived a drawing back of the anterior part of the head towards\nthe hinder part, thus of the cerebrum towards the cerebellum[kk].\n\n[Footnote kk: Human faces on our Earth in ancient times received\ninflux from the cerebellum, and then the face acted in unity with the\ninterior affections of the man; but afterwards they received influx\nfrom the cerebrum when man began to simulate and counterfeit by the\nface affections not his own. Concerning the changes thereby occasioned\nto the face in course of time, see nos. 4325-4328.]\n\n89. On one occasion when spirits of Mars were with me, and occupied\nthe sphere of my mind, spirits from our Earth came and desired to\nintrude themselves also into that sphere; but the spirits of our\nEarth became as if insane: this was caused by their being quite out of\nharmony; for the spirits of our Earth in the Grand Man have relation\nto the external sense, and consequently these spirits were in idea\nturned towards the world and towards self, while the spirits of Mars\nwere in idea turned from self to heaven and the neighbour; hence the\ncontrariety. But some angelic spirits of Mars then approached, and on\ntheir coming the communication was taken away, and so the spirits of\nour Earth departed.\n\n90. The angelic spirits spoke with me concerning the life of the\ninhabitants on their earth; [saying] that they are not under forms of\ngovernment, but are distinguished into greater and lesser societies,\nin which they associate themselves with such as agree in disposition,\nwhich they know at once by the face and speech, and in this they are\nseldom mistaken; they are then instantly friends. They also said their\nconsociations are delightful, and that they converse with each other\non what passes in their societies, and especially in heaven, for many\nof them have open communication with the angels of heaven. Those in\ntheir societies who begin to think wrongly, and consequently to\nwill what is evil, are dissociated and left to themselves alone,\nin consequence of which they drag on a most wretched life, out of\nsociety, among rocks or other places, for the rest no longer trouble\nabout them. Some societies try by various methods to compel such\npersons to repent; but when this is to no purpose they dissociate\nthemselves from them. Thus they take precautions lest the lust of\ndominion and the lust of gain should creep in, that is, lest from the\nlust of dominion any should subject some society to themselves, and\nafterwards many others; and lest from the lust of gain any should\ndeprive others of their goods. Every one there lives content with his\nown goods, and every one with his own honour, that of being reputed\njust and a lover of the neighbour. This delightful and tranquil state\nof mind (_animus_) would perish, unless those who think and will\nevil were cast out, and a prudent but severe check given to the first\nbeginnings of the love of self and the love of the world. For these\nare the loves which first led to the establishment of empires and\nkingdoms, within which there are few who do not desire to acquire\ndominion, and to possess the goods of others, for there are few who do\nwhat is just and fair from a love of justice and fairness, still less\nwho do good from charity itself, but most from fear of the law, the\nloss of life, of gain, of honour, and of reputation for the sake of\nthese.\n\n91. Concerning the Divine worship of those who dwell on that earth,\nthey said that they acknowledge and adore our Lord, saying that He is\nthe only God, and that He governs both heaven and the universe; that\nall good is from Him, and that He leads them; also that He very often\nappears on their earth amongst them. It was then given me to tell them\nthat on our Earth Christians also know that the Lord governs heaven\nand earth, according to His own words in Matthew, \"_All power is given\nunto Me in heaven and on earth_\" (xxviii. 18), but that they do not\nbelieve it as those who belong to the earth Mars do. They said also\nthat there they believe that with themselves there is nothing but what\nis filthy and infernal, and that all good is of the Lord; nay, they\nadded that of themselves they are devils, and that the Lord draws them\nout of hell, and continually withholds them from it. On one occasion,\nwhen the Lord was named, I saw that those spirits humbled themselves\nmore inwardly and profoundly than can be described: for in their\nhumiliation there was the thought that of themselves they were in\nhell, and that thus they were utterly unworthy to look to the Lord,\nwho is the Holy itself. So profoundly were they in this thought from\nfaith, that they were, as it were, outside of themselves, and in that\nthought they remained on their knees till the Lord raised them, and\nthen drew them as it were out of hell. When they thus emerge from\nhumiliation, they are filled with good and love, and consequently with\njoy of heart. When they humble themselves in this manner, they do not\nturn their face to the Lord, for this they dare not do then, but avert\nit. The spirits who were about me said that never had they seen such\nhumiliation.\n\n92. Some spirits who were from that earth were surprised that so many\nspirits from hell were about me, and that they also spoke to me; but\nit was given me to reply that this was permitted them for the purpose\nof enabling me to know their characters, and why they are in hell, and\nthat this is according to their life. It was also given me to state\nthat there were several among them whom I had known when they lived in\nthe world, and that some of them had then occupied stations of great\ndignity, and that then they had nothing at heart but the world; but\nthat no evil spirit, even the most infernal, could possibly do me any\ninjury, because I was continually protected by the Lord.\n\n93. An inhabitant of that earth was exhibited before me. He was not\nindeed an inhabitant, but was like one. His face resembled the faces\nof the inhabitants of our Earth, but the lower part of the face was\nblack, not owing to a beard, which he had not, but to blackness in its\nplace. This blackness extended to underneath the ears on both\nsides. The upper part of the face was ruddy, like the faces of the\ninhabitants of our Earth who are not quite fair. They said further\nthat on their earth they subsist on the fruits of trees, especially\non a certain kind of round fruit which grows out of their earth; and\nlikewise on pulse. They are clothed with garments which they make of\nthe fibres of the inner bark of certain trees, which fibres have such\na consistence that they can be woven, and also cemented together by a\nkind of gum they have among them. They related further that they know\nhow to make fluid fires, from which they have light during evening and\nnight.\n\n94. I saw a certain flaming object, exceedingly beautiful; it was of\nvarious colours, crimson, and also a glowing ruby hue, and from the\nflame the colours also glowed beautifully. I also saw a hand, to which\nthis flaming object adhered, at first on the back of it, afterwards\non the palm or hollow, and from thence it played round about the hand.\nThis continued for some time. Afterwards this hand with the flaming\nobject was removed to a distance and where it rested there was a\nbright light (_lucidum_). In that bright light the hand disappeared;\nand the flaming object was then changed into a bird, whose colours\nwere at first similar to those of the flaming object, and gleamed in\nthe same manner; but these colours gradually changed, and with them\nthe vigour of life in the bird. It flew about, at first about my head,\nthen forwards into a kind of narrow chamber, which appeared like a\nsanctuary, and as it flew onwards its life departed, and at length it\nbecame stony; it was then at first of a pearly, afterwards of a dusky\ncolour; but although without life, it kept on flying. While this bird\nwas flying about my head, and still in the vigour of life, a spirit\nwas seen rising up from below, through the region of the loins to that\nof the breast, and from there he wished to take that bird; but because\nit was so beautiful, the spirits who were about me prevented his doing\nso, for the eyes of all were fixed upon it. But this spirit who had\nrisen up from below used all his power to persuade them that the\nLord was with him, and consequently that he was acting from the Lord.\nAlthough the most of them did not believe this, they nevertheless no\nlonger hindered him from taking the bird; but as at that moment heaven\ninflowed he was unable to retain it, but immediately, opening his\nhand, set it free. When this had taken place, the spirits who were\naround me, and who had intently watched the bird and its successive\nchanges, began talking with each other about it, and they continued\ntalking for a considerable time. They perceived that such a sight\ncould not but signify something heavenly; they knew that what is\nflaming signifies celestial love and its affections; that a hand, to\nwhich the flaming object adhered, signifies life and its power; that\nchanges of the colours signify the varieties of life as to wisdom\nand intelligence; that a bird has the same signification with this\ndifference, however, that what is flaming signifies celestial love\nand the things that belong to celestial love, while a bird signifies\nspiritual love and the things that belong to that love; (celestial\nlove is love to the Lord, and spiritual love is charity towards the\nneighbour,[note gg]); and that the changes of the colours and at the\nsame time of the life in the bird, till it became stony, signify the\nsuccessive changes of spiritual life as to intelligence. They also\nknew that the spirits who ascend from below, through the region of the\nloins to that of the breast, are in a strong persuasion that they\nare in the Lord, and consequently believe that whatever they do, even\nthough it be evil, they do of the Lord's will. But nevertheless this\ndid not enable them to know who were meant by that sight. At length\nthey were instructed from heaven, that the inhabitants of Mars were\nmeant; that their celestial love, in which many of them still are, was\nsignified by the flaming object that adhered to the hand; and that the\nbird in the beginning, while it was in the beauty of its colours and\nthe vigour of its life, signified their spiritual love: but that the\nbird when it had become as it were stony and devoid of life, and at\nlength of a dusky colour, signified those inhabitants who have removed\nthemselves from the good of love, and are in evil, and still believe,\nnevertheless, that they are in the Lord. The same thing was signified\nby the spirit who rose up and wished to take away the bird.\n\n95. The bird of stone also represented inhabitants of that earth,\nwho by a strange method transmute the life of their thoughts and\naffections into almost no life, on which subject I have learned the\nfollowing particulars. There was a certain spirit above my head who\nspoke with me, and from the tone of his voice he was apperceived to\nbe as it were in a state of sleep. In this state he spoke many things,\nand with a sagacity (_prudentia_) that he could not have surpassed\nwhen awake. It was given me to perceive that he was a subject through\nwhom angels spoke, and that in that state he apperceived [their\nspeech] and produced it[ll]; for he spoke nothing but what was true;\nif anything inflowed from any other source, he indeed admitted it,\nbut did not produce it. I questioned him respecting his state. He\nsaid that to him that state was a peaceful one, and was free from all\nsolicitude respecting the future; and that at the same time he was\nperforming uses by which he had communication with heaven. I was\ntold that such, in the Grand Man, have relation to the _longitudinal\nsinus_, which lies in the brain between its two hemispheres, and is\nthere in a tranquil state, no matter how disturbed the brain may be\non either side. While I was in conversation with this spirit, some\nspirits introduced themselves towards the anterior part of the head\nwhere he was, and pressed upon him; wherefore he retired to one side,\nand gave place to them. The spirit strangers spoke with each other;\nbut neither the spirits about me, nor I myself, understood what they\nsaid. I was informed by the angels that they were spirits from the\nearth Mars, who have the skill to speak with each other in such a way\nthat the spirits present could not understand or perceive anything. I\nwondered that there could possibly be speech of this kind, since\nfor all spirits there is one speech, which flows from thought,\nand consists of ideas which are heard as vocal expressions in the\nspiritual world. I was told that those spirits have a certain method\nof forming ideas, expressed by the lips and face, unintelligible to\nothers, and that they at the same instant skilfully withdraw their\nthoughts, guarding particularly lest anything of the affection should\nmanifest itself, because if anything of the affection were perceived,\nthe thought would appear, for the thought flows from the affection,\nand as it were in it. I was further informed that such speech was\ncontrived by those inhabitants of Mars,--though not by all,--who make\nheavenly life to consist in knowledges alone, and not in the life of\nlove; and that when they become spirits they retain it. These are they\nwho were specially signified by the bird of stone; for to produce\na speech by alterations of the face and motions of the lips, with\na removal of the affections and a withdrawal of the thoughts from\nothers, is to deprive speech of life and make it like an image, and\nby degrees to produce the same effect on themselves. But although they\nimagine that what they speak among themselves is not understood by\nothers, angelic spirits nevertheless perceive each and all of the\nthings they say, the reason being that no thought can be withdrawn\nfrom them. This was also shown them by actual experience. I was\nthinking of the fact that the evil spirits of our Earth are not\naffected with shame when they infest others. This [thought] inflowed\nwith me from some angelic spirits who perceived their speech. Those\nspirits of Mars then acknowledged that this was the subject they were\nspeaking of among themselves, and they were astonished. Besides this,\nmore things, both of their conversation and thought, were disclosed by\nan angelic spirit, notwithstanding all their endeavours to hide away\ntheir thoughts from him. Afterwards those spirits inflowed from above\ninto my face. The influx was felt like fine striated rain, which was\na sign that they were not in the affection of truth and of good, for\nthis is represented by what is striated. They then spoke plainly with\nme, saying, that the inhabitants of their earth speak in the same\nway among themselves. They were then told that this is evil, as by\nso doing they block up the internals, and recede from them to the\nexternals, which also they deprive of their life; and especially\nbecause it is not sincere to speak in this manner. For they who\nare sincere do not wish to speak or even to think anything but what\nothers, yea, what all, even the whole heaven, might know. But those\nwho are unwilling that others should know what they say, pass judgment\non others, and think ill of others and well of themselves, and at\nlength are led by habit so far as to think and speak ill of the\nchurch, and of heaven, yea, of the Lord Himself. I have been told that\nthose who love knowledges, and not so much a life according to them,\nhave relation, in the Grand Man, to the inner membrane of the skull;\nbut that those who accustom themselves to speak without affection, and\nto draw the thought to themselves and withdraw it from others, have\nrelation to that membrane, when it has become ossified, because, from\nhaving some spiritual life, they come at length to have none.\n\n[Footnote ll: Communications are effected by means of spirits sent\nforth from societies of spirits and angels to other societies, and\nthese emissary spirits are called Subjects, nos. 4403, 5856, 5983,\n5985-5989.]\n\n96. As the bird of stone represented those also who are in knowledges\nalone, and in no life of love, and as these consequently have no\nspiritual life, therefore, by way of appendix, I may here show that\nthose only have spiritual life who are in heavenly love, and thence\nin knowledges; and that a love contains in itself all the power of\nknowing (_cognitinum_) which belongs to that love. Take for example\nthe animals of the earth, and also the living creatures of the heaven,\nthat is, the birds. These have the knowledge (_scientia_) of all\nthings that belong to their love. Their loves are, to nourish\nthemselves, to dwell safely, to propagate their kind, to take care\nof their young, and, with some, to provide for the winter. They have,\ntherefore, all the requisite knowledge, for this is inherent in those\nloves, and inflows into them as into its own receptacles; and this\nknowledge in some animals is such that man cannot but be amazed at it.\nTheir knowledge is connate and is called instinct; but it belongs to\nthe natural love in which they are. If man were in his own love, which\nis love to God and towards the neighbour, (this love is man's peculiar\nlove, by which he is distinguished from beasts, and it is heavenly\nlove,) he would not only be in all requisite knowledge, but likewise\nin all intelligence and wisdom; for these [qualities] would inflow\ninto those loves from heaven, that is, from the Divine through\nheaven. As, however, man is not born into those loves, but into their\ncontraries, that is to say, into the loves of self and of the world,\ntherefore he cannot but be born in complete ignorance and want\nof knowledge But by Divine means he is brought to something of\nintelligence and wisdom, yet not actually into any, unless the loves\nof self and of the world are removed, and a way is thus opened for\nlove to God and towards the neighbour. That love to God and love\ntowards the neighbour have in them all intelligence and wisdom, may\nappear from those who have been in those loves in the world. These,\nwhen, after death, they come into heaven, know and are wise in things\nof which they previously knew nothing; yea, they there think and\nspeak, like the rest of the angels, such things as the ear has not\nheard, nor the mind known, which are ineffable. The reason is, that\nthose loves have the faculty of receiving such things into themselves.\n\n\n\n\nTHE EARTH OR PLANET SATURN, AND ITS SPIRITS AND INHABITANTS.\n\n\n97. The spirits from that earth appear in front at a considerable\ndistance, below, in the plane of the knees, where that earth itself\nis; and when the eye is opened thither, a multitude of spirits come\ninto view, who are all from that earth. They are seen on this side of\nthat earth, and to the right of it. It has been given me to speak with\nthem also, and thereby to know of what character they are relatively\nto others. They are well-disposed, and they are modest; and as they\nesteem themselves little, therefore also in the other life they appear\nsmall.\n\n98. They are extremely humble in worship, for in worship they esteem\nthemselves as nothing. They worship our Lord, and acknowledge Him as\nthe only God. The Lord also appears to them at times under an angelic\nform, and thus as a Man, and at such times the Divine shines forth\nfrom His face, and affects the mind (_animus_). The inhabitants also,\nwhen they come of age, speak with spirits, by whom they are instructed\nconcerning the Lord, and how He ought to be worshipped, and also how\nthey ought to live. When any desire to lead astray the spirits who are\nfrom that earth, and to draw them away from faith in the Lord, or from\nhumiliation towards Him, and from uprightness of life, they say they\nwish to die. On these occasions there appear in their hands small\nknives, with which they seem to desire to strike their breasts. On\nbeing questioned why they do so, they say that they would rather die\nthan be drawn away from the Lord. The spirits of our Earth sometimes\nmock at them on this account, and assail them with reproaches for\nacting so; but their reply is, that they are well aware that they do\nnot kill themselves, but that this is only an appearance flowing forth\nfrom the will of their mind (_animus_) rather to die than be drawn\naway from the worship of the Lord.\n\n99. They said that sometimes spirits from our Earth come to them and\nask them what God they worship, their answer to whom is, that they are\ninsane, and that there can be no greater insanity than to ask what\nGod any one worships, when yet there is but one God for all in the\nuniverse; and that still more insane are they in not saying that the\nLord is that One only God, and that He governs the whole heaven, and\nconsequently the whole world, since He who governs heaven must also\ngovern the world, because the world is governed by means of heaven.\n\n100. They said that on their earth there are some who call the\nnocturnal light (_lumen_), which is great, the Lord, but that these\nare separated from the rest, and are not tolerated by them. That\nnocturnal light (_lumen_) comes from the great ring which encircles\nthat earth at a distance, and from the moons which are called the\nsatellites of Saturn.\n\n101. They related that another kind of spirits, who go in troops,\nfrequently come to them, desiring to learn how things are with them,\nand that by various methods they elicit from them whatever they know.\nThey said of these spirits, that they are not insane, except in this\nparticular, that they desire to know so much for no other use than\nthat simply of knowing. They were afterwards instructed that these\nspirits are from the planet Mercury, that is, from the earth nearest\nthe sun, and that they are delighted with knowledges alone, and not so\nmuch with the uses from them.\n\n102. The inhabitants and spirits of the planet Saturn have relation,\nin the Grand Man, to the MIDDLE SENSE BETWEEN THE SPIRITUAL AND THE\nNATURAL MAN, but to that which recedes from the natural and accedes\nto the spiritual. Hence it is that those spirits appear to be carried\naway or caught up into heaven, and soon afterwards let down again; for\nwhatever belongs to spiritual sense is in heaven, but whatever belongs\nto natural sense is beneath heaven. Inasmuch as the spirits of our\nEarth, in the Grand Man, have relation to natural and corporeal\nsense, it has been given me to know from manifest experience how the\nspiritual and the natural man, when the latter is not in faith and\ncharity, fight and contend with each other. Some spirits of the earth\nSaturn came into view from afar, and then a living communication\nwas opened between them and spirits of our Earth who were of this\ncharacter. These latter, on thus perceiving the spirits of Saturn,\nbecame as if insane, and began to infest them, infusing unworthy\nideas concerning faith, and also concerning the Lord. While uttering\ninvective and abuse, they also cast themselves into the midst of them,\nand, from the insanity in which they were, endeavoured to do them\ninjury. The spirits of Saturn, however, were not at all afraid,\nbecause they were secure and in tranquillity; but those spirits of our\nEarth, when in the midst of them, began to be tortured, and to breathe\nwith difficulty, and so rushed out, one in this direction, another in\nthat, and disappeared. Those who were present apperceived from this\nwhat is the character of the natural man, separate from the spiritual,\nwhen he comes into a spiritual sphere, namely, that he is insane;\nfor the natural man separate from the spiritual is wise only from the\nworld, and not at all from heaven; and he who is wise only from the\nworld, believes nothing but what the senses apprehend, and what he\nbelieves he believes from the fallacies of the senses, which, unless\nthey are removed by the influx from the spiritual world, produce\nfalsities. Hence it is that spiritual things are nothing to him,\ninsomuch that he can hardly bear to hear the word spiritual mentioned;\nwherefore such become insane when they are kept in a spiritual sphere.\nIt is different while they live in the world; then they either think\nnaturally about spiritual things, or avert their ears, that is, hear\nand do not attend. It was also manifest from this experience, that\nthe natural man cannot introduce himself into the spiritual, that is,\nascend; but that, when man is in faith, and thus in spiritual life,\nthe spiritual man inflows into the natural, and thinks therein; for\nthere is spiritual influx, that is, influx from the spiritual world\ninto the natural, but not contrariwise[mm].\n\n[Footnote mm: There is spiritual influx, and not physical or natural\ninflux, consequently influx is from the spiritual world into the\nnatural, and not from the natural into the spiritual, nos. 3219,\n5119, 5259, 5427, 5428, 5477, 6322. It appears as if influx were from\nexternals into man's internals, but this is a fallacy, no. 3721.]\n\n103. Furthermore, the spirits of that earth gave me information\nconcerning the inhabitants, the nature of their consociations and\nother particulars. They said that they live divided into families,\nevery family apart from the others; thus, a man (_vir_) and wife\nwith their children; and that these, when they unite in marriage,\nare separated from the house of the parents, and have no further care\nabout it; wherefore the spirits from that earth appear in pairs. That\nthey are little solicitous about food and raiment; that they live on\nthe fruits and pulse which their earth produces; and that they are\nlightly clothed, being girt with a coarse skin or coat, which keeps\nout the cold. Further, that all on that earth know that they shall\nlive after death; and that on this account they have no care for their\nbody, except so far as is necessary for the sake of the life which\nthey say is to endure and to serve the Lord; that for this reason also\nthey do not bury the bodies of the dead, but cast them away, and cover\nthem with branches of trees from the forest.\n\n104. Being questioned concerning that great belt which appears from\nour Earth to rise above the horizon of that planet, and to vary its\npositions, they said, that it does not appear to them as a belt, but\nonly as a snowy something in the sky in various directions.\n\n\n\n\nTHE EARTH OR PLANET VENUS, AND ITS SPIRITS AND INHABITANTS.\n\n\n105. The planet Venus, in the idea of spirits and angels, appears to\nthe left a little behind, at some distance from our Earth. It is said,\nin the idea of spirits, because to no spirit does the sun of this\nsystem, or any planet, appear; but spirits have only an idea that they\nexist. In consequence of this bare idea, the sun of this system is\nexhibited behind as a very dark something, and the planets not moving\nas in the system, but remaining constantly in their places (see above,\nno. 42).\n\n106. In the planet Venus there are two kinds of men, of contrary\ndispositions; the first mild and humane, the second savage and almost\nbrutal. Those who are mild and humane appear on the other side of the\nearth, those who are savage and almost brutal appear on the side of\nit looking this way. But it should be known that they appear\nthus according to the states of their life, for the state of life\ndetermines every appearance of space and of distance there.\n\n107. Some of those who appear on the other side of the planet, and\nwho are mild and humane, came to me, and were presented to my sight\noverhead, and I spoke with them on various subjects. Amongst other\nthings, they said that while they were in the world they acknowledged,\nand now still more acknowledge, our Lord as their One only God. They\nadded that on their earth they had seen Him, and they also represented\nhow they had seen Him. These spirits, in the Grand Man, have relation\nto _the memory of material things, agreeing with the memory of\nimmaterial things_, to which the spirits of Mercury have relation:\nwherefore the spirits of Mercury have the fullest agreement with these\nspirits of Venus; therefore, when they were together, I was sensible\nfrom their influx of a remarkable change, and a powerful operation in\nmy brain (see above, no. 43).\n\n108. I did not, however, speak with those spirits who are on the side\nthat looks this way, and who are savage and almost brutal; but the\nangels informed me of their character, and the origin of their so\nbrutal nature: it is this; they are greatly delighted with robbery,\nand more especially with eating the prey. The delight they have\nin thinking about eating the prey was communicated to me, and was\napperceived to be exceedingly great. That there have also been\ninhabitants of a like brutal nature, on our Earth, appears from the\nhistories of various nations; also from the inhabitants of the land of\nCanaan (1 Sam. xxx. 16); and likewise from the Jewish and Israelitish\nnation even in the time of David, in that they made yearly excursions,\nand plundered the nations, and rejoiced in feasting on the booty. I\nwas informed, further, that the greater part of those inhabitants are\ngiants, and that the men of our Earth reach only to their navel; also,\nthat they are stupid, not seeking to know anything about heaven or\neternal life, their only care being about their land and their cattle.\n\n109. As they are of this character, even when they come into the other\nlife, they are greatly infested there by evils and falsities. Their\nhells appear near the earth, and do not communicate with the hells\nof the evil of our Earth, because they are of an entirely different\ngenius and disposition; hence also their evils and falsities are of an\nentirely different kind.\n\n110. But those of them who are such that they can be saved, are in\nplaces of vastation, and are there reduced to the last degree of\ndespair; for evils and falsities of this kind cannot otherwise be\nsubdued and removed. When they are in the state of despair, they cry\nout that they are beasts, that they are abominations, that they are\nhatreds, and thus that they are damned. Some of them, when in such a\nstate, even cry out against heaven; but for this they are forgiven,\nbecause it proceeds from despair. The Lord restrains them from\nindulging in vituperation beyond fixed limits. When they have passed\nthrough extreme suffering, the corporeal [principles] with them being\nthen as it were dead, they are finally saved. It was also said of them\nthat, during their life on their earth, they had believed in a certain\nsupreme Creator without a Mediator; but when they are saved, they are\nalso instructed that the Lord is the only God, Saviour, and Mediator.\nI have seen some of them, after they had passed through extreme\nsuffering, taken up into heaven; and when they were received there, I\nhave apperceived such a tenderness of joy from them as drew tears from\nmy eyes.\n\n\n\n\nTHE SPIRITS AND INHABITANTS OF THE MOON.\n\n\n111. Some spirits appeared overhead, and voices like thunders were\nheard thence; for their voices thundered forth just as thunders do\nfrom the clouds after lightnings. I supposed that there was an immense\nmultitude of spirits, who had acquired the art of uttering their\nvoices with such a sound. The more simple spirits who were with me\nlaughed at them, at which I greatly marvelled. The cause of their\nlaughter was soon disclosed, and it was, that the spirits who\nthundered were not many, but few, and were also small as children, and\nthat on former occasions they had terrified them by such sounds, and\nyet were quite unable to do them the least harm. In order that I might\nknow their character, some of them let themselves down from on high,\nwhere they were thundering; and, strange to say, one carried another\non his back, and the two thus approached me. Their faces appeared not\nunhandsome, but longer than those of other spirits. In stature they\nwere like boys of seven years old, but of more robust frame; so that\nthey were dwarfs. I was told by the angels that they were from the\nMoon. The one who had been carried by the other came to me, applying\nhimself to my left side under the elbow, and from thence he spoke,\nsaying, that when they utter their voice they thunder in this manner;\nand that by so doing they strike with terror the spirits who would\ndo them harm, and put some to flight, so that they go safely wherever\nthey please. In order that I might know for certain that the sound\nthey make was of this kind, he retired from me to some others, but not\nquite out of sight, and thundered in like manner. They showed to me,\nmoreover, that their voice, being sent forth from the abdomen after\nthe manner of an eructation, thus resounded like thunder. It was\nperceived that this arose from the circumstance, that the inhabitants\nof the Moon do not, like the inhabitants of other earths, speak from\nthe lungs, but from the abdomen, and thus from some collection of air\ntherein; the reason of which is, that the Moon is not surrounded with\nan atmosphere of the same kind as that of other earths. I was informed\nthat the spirits of the Moon, in the Grand Man, have relation to the\nensiform or xiphoid cartilage to which the ribs are attached in\nfront, and from which descends the _linea alba_, which is the point of\nattachment of the abdominal muscle.\n\n112. It is known to spirits and angels, that there are inhabitants\neven in the Moon, and likewise in the moons or satellites which are\nabout the earth Jupiter and the earth Saturn. Even those who have not\nseen spirits who are from them, and spoken with them, entertain\nno doubt that there are human beings upon them, for they, too, are\nearths, and where there is an earth, there is man; for man is the end\nfor the sake of which an earth exists, and nothing has been made by\nthe Supreme Creator without an end. It may be evident to anyone who\nthinks from reason in any degree enlightened that the end of creation\nis the human race, in order that there may exist a heaven from it.\n\n\n\n\nTHE REASONS WHY THE LORD WILLED TO BE BORN ON OUR EARTH, AND NOT ON\nANY OTHER\n\n\n113. There are several reasons, about which I have received\ninformation from heaven, why it pleased the Lord to be born, and to\nassume the Human, on our Earth, and not on any other. THE PRINCIPAL\nREASON _was for the sake of the Word, that it might be written on our\nEarth; and when written might afterwards be published throughout the\nwhole Earth; and that, once published, it might be preserved for all\nposterity; and that thus it might be made manifest, even to all in the\nother life, that God did become Man_.\n\n114. _That the principal reason was for the sake of the Word_, is\nbecause the Word is the Divine Truth itself, which teaches man that\nthere is a God, that there is a heaven and a hell, that there is a\nlife after death; and which teaches, besides, how man ought to live\nand believe in order that he may come into heaven, and thus may\nbe happy to eternity. Without revelation, and thus, on this Earth,\nwithout the Word, all these things would have been entirely unknown;\nand yet man has been so created, that as to his interiors he cannot\ndie[nn].\n\n[Footnote nn: By natural light (_lumen_) alone, nothing can be known\nconcerning the Lord, heaven and hell, the life of man after death,\nand the Divine truths, by means of which man has spiritual and eternal\nlife, nos. 8944, 10318-10320. This may appear from the consideration\nthat many, and amongst them the learned, do not believe these\nthings, although they are born where the Word is, and where there is\ninstruction by means of the Word concerning them, no. 10319. Therefore\nit was necessary that there should be a revelation from heaven,\nbecause man was born for heaven, no. 1775.]\n\n115. _That the Word might be written on our Earth_, is because the\nart of writing has existed here from the most ancient time, first\non tablets, next on parchment, afterwards on paper, and lastly\npublication by printing. This was provided by the Lord for the sake of\nthe Word.\n\n116. _That the Word might afterwards be published throughout the\nwhole of this Earth_, is because here there is an intercourse of all\nnations, not only by journeys on land, but also by navigation to all\nparts of the entire globe; hence the Word, after it had once been\nwritten, could be conveyed from one nation to another, and be taught\neverywhere.\n\n117. _That the Word, after it had once been written, might be\npreserved for all posterity_, consequently for thousands and thousands\nof years, and that it has also been so preserved, is known.\n\n118. _That thus it might he made manifest that God has become man_;\nfor this is the first and most essential purpose for which the Word\nwas given; since no one can believe in a God, and love a God, whom he\ncannot comprehend under some form; wherefore, they who acknowledge an\ninvisible and thus incomprehensible [principle], sink in thought into\nnature, and consequently believe in no God. Wherefore, it pleased the\nLord to be born on this Earth, and to make this manifest through\nthe Word, so that it might not only be made known on this globe, but\n_might also by this means be made manifest to spirits and angels from\nother earths, and likewise to the gentiles from our own[oo]_.\n\n[Footnote oo: The gentiles in the other life are instructed by angels,\nand they who have lived well according to their religionism receive\nthe truths of faith and acknowledge the Lord, nos. 2049, 2595, 2598,\n2600-2603, 2861, 2863, 3263.]\n\n119. It should be known that the Word on our Earth, which was given\nby the Lord through heaven, effects the union of heaven and the world,\nfor which end there is a correspondence of all things in the letter\nof the Word with the Divine things in heaven; and that the Word in\nits supreme and inmost sense treats of the Lord, of His kingdom in the\nheavens and on earth, and of love and faith from Him and towards Him,\nconsequently of life from Him and in Him. Such things are exhibited\nto the angels in heaven when the Word of our Earth is read and\npreached[pp].\n\n[Footnote pp: The Word is understood by the angels in the heavens in\na different manner from what it is understood by men on Earth, and\nthe internal or spiritual sense is for the angels, but the external or\nnatural sense for men, nos. 1769-1772, 1887, 2143, 2333, 2395, 2540,\n2541, 2545, 2551. The Word is what unites heaven and earth, nos. 2310,\n2495, 9212, 9216, 9357, 10375. The Word, therefore, was written by\nstrict correspondences, nos. 1404, 1408, 1409, 1540, 1619, 1659, 1709,\n1783, 8615, 10687. In the inmost sense of the Word the Lord alone and\nHis kingdom are treated of, nos. 1873, 2249, 2523, 7014, 9357.]\n\n120. In every other earth, Divine Truth is manifested by word of mouth\nthrough spirits and angels, as was stated in the foregoing pages, in\ntreating of the inhabitants of the earths in this solar system. But\nthis takes place within families; for in most earths the human race\ndwell distinct according to families; wherefore, Divine Truth thus\nrevealed through spirits and angels is not conveyed far beyond the\nfamilies, and unless a new revelation constantly succeeds, it is\neither perverted, or perishes. It is otherwise on our Earth, where the\nDivine Truth, which is the Word, remains in its integrity for ever.\n\n121. It should be known that the Lord acknowledges and receives all,\nfrom whatever earth they may be, who acknowledge and worship God under\nthe Human Form, since God under the Human Form is the Lord: and as\nthe Lord appears to the inhabitants in the earths in an angelic form,\nwhich is the Human Form, therefore, when the spirits and angels from\nthese earths hear from the spirits and angels of our Earth that God is\nactually Man, they receive that Word, acknowledge it, and rejoice that\nit is so.\n\n122. To the reasons that have been adduced above, may be added, that\nthe inhabitants and spirits of our Earth, in the Grand Man, have\nrelation to natural and external sense; and natural and external sense\nis the ultimate in which the interiors of life close, and on which\nthey rest, as on their common [basis]. The case is the same with the\nDivine Truth in the letter, which is called the Word, and which for\nthis reason also was given on this Earth, and not on any other[qq].\nAnd as the Lord is the Word, and the First and Last of it, therefore,\nin order that all things might exist according to order. He also\nwilled to be born on this Earth, and to become the Word, according to\nthese words in John, \"In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was\nwith God, and God was the Word. The same was in the beginning with\nGod. All things were made through It, and without It was not anything\nmade that was made.... _And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among\nus, and we saw Its glory the glory as of the Only-begotten of the\nFather_.... No one hath seen God at any time; the Only-begotten Son,\nWho is in the bosom of the Father, Himself hath manifested Him\"\n(i. 1-3, 14, 18). The Word denotes the Lord as to the Divine Truth,\nconsequently the Divine Truth from the Lord[rr]. But this is an\narcanum which enters into the understanding of only a few.\n\n[Footnote qq: The Word in the sense of the letter is natural, no.\n8783; by reason that what is natural is the ultimate, in which\nspiritual and celestial things close, and on which they subsist as on\ntheir foundation, and that otherwise the internal or spiritual sense\nof the Word without an external or natural sense would be as a house\nwithout a foundation, nos. 9430, 9433, 9824, 10044, 10436.]\n\n[Footnote rr: The Word is the Lord as to the Divine Truth,\nconsequently the Divine Truth from the Lord, nos. 2859, 4692, 5075,\n9987. Through the Divine Truth all things were created and made, nos.\n2803, 2894, 5272, 7835.]\n\n\n\n\nEARTHS IN THE STARRY HEAVEN.\n\n\n123. Those who are in heaven are able to speak and converse not only\nwith those angels and spirits who are from the earths in our solar\nsystem, but also with those who are from other earths in the universe\nbeyond this system; and not only with the spirits and angels there,\nbut also with the inhabitants themselves, only, however, with those\nwhose interiors have been opened, so that they are able to hear those\nwho speak from heaven. The same thing is possible for a man to whom\nit has been given by the Lord to speak with spirits and angels, during\nhis life in the world; for a man as to his interiors is a spirit, the\nbody which he carries about in the world being serviceable to him only\nfor performing functions in this natural or terrestrial sphere, which\nis the ultimate or last sphere. But to no one is it given to speak\nas a spirit with angels and spirits, unless he be of such a character\nthat he can be consociated with angels as to faith and love. Neither\ncan he be consociated with them, unless his faith and love are\ndirected to the Lord; for man is conjoined to the Lord by means of\nfaith in Him and love to Him, that is, by means of truths of doctrine\nand goods of life from Him; and when he has been conjoined [with the\nLord], he is secure from the assaults of evil spirits from hell. With\nothers the interiors cannot be opened to such an extent, since they\nare not in the Lord. This is the reason why there are few at this\nday to whom it is given to speak and converse with angels; a manifest\nproof of which is, that at the present day it is scarcely believed\nthat spirits and angels exist, and still less that they are present\nwith every man, and that through them man has connection with heaven,\nand, through heaven, with the Lord; and that it is still less believed\nthat a man, when he dies as to the body, lives a spirit, and in the\nhuman form as before.\n\n124. Since, with many in the church at the present day, there is no\nfaith in a life after death, and scarcely any faith concerning\nheaven, nor concerning the Lord as being the God of heaven and earth,\ntherefore the interiors that are of my spirit have been opened by the\nLord, so that, while I am in the body, I might at the same time be\nwith angels in heaven, and not only speak with them, but see the\nstupendous things there, and describe the same, lest possibly it might\nhereafter be said, Who has come to us from heaven, and told us of its\nexistence, and of the things that are there? But I know that those\nwho hitherto have at heart denied heaven and hell, and the life after\ndeath, will still persist in confirming themselves against them, and\nin denying them; for it is easier to make a raven white than to make\nthose believe who have once at heart rejected faith; the reason is,\nthat they always think about such matters from a negative, and not\nfrom an affirmative, standpoint. Nevertheless, let those facts that\nhave already been stated, and that yet remain to be stated, concerning\nangels and spirits, be for those few who are in faith. In order that\nothers also may be led to some degree of acknowledgment, it has been\ngranted me to relate such things as delight and allure the man who is\ndesirous of acquiring knowledge: of this character are the things that\nshall now be related concerning the earths in the starry heaven.\n\n125. He who is not acquainted with the arcana of heaven, cannot\nbelieve that a man can see earths that are so far distant, and give\nany account of them from sensuous experience. But let him know that\nthe spaces and distances, and therefore the progressions, which exist\nin the natural world, in their origin and first cause are changes\nof the state of the interiors, and that with angels and spirits they\nappear according to these changes[ss]; and that through changes of\nstate they may be apparently translated from one place to another, and\nfrom one earth to another, even to earths which are at the end of\nthe universe: so likewise may man as to his spirit, his body still\nremaining in its own place. This has been the case with me, since, by\nthe Lord's Divine mercy, it has been given to me to speak with spirits\nas a spirit, and at the same time with men as a man. That a man, as to\nhis spirit, can be translated in this manner, is inconceivable to\nthe sensual man, since he is in space and in time, and measures his\nprogressions according to them.\n\n[Footnote ss: Motions, progressions, and changes of place, in the\nother life, are changes of the state of the interiors of life, and\nnevertheless it really appears to spirits and angels as if they\nactually existed, nos. 1273-1277, 1377, 3356, 5606, 10734.]\n\n126. That there are many systems, may appear to every one from the\nfact that so many stars appear in the universe; and it is known in the\nlearned world that every star is like a sun in its own place, for it\nremains fixed as the sun of our Earth does in its place; and that it\nis the distance that makes it appear in so small a form as a star;\nconsequently, that, like the sun of our system, each star has planets\naround it, which are earths; and that the reason why these do not\nappear before our eyes is on account of their immense distance, and\nbecause only the light from their own star reaches us, which light\ncannot be again reflected from the planets so far as to reach us. To\nwhat other purpose could so great a heaven with so many constellations\nbe intended? For the end of the creation of the universe is man, that\nfrom man there may be an angelic heaven; but what would a human\nrace, and from it an angelic heaven, from one single earth, be for\nan Infinite Creator, for whom a thousand, yea tens of thousands of\nearths, would not suffice? It has been calculated that, supposing\nthere were in the universe a million earths, and on every earth three\nhundred million men, and two hundred generations within six thousand\nyears, and that to every man or spirit there were to be allotted a\nspace of three cubic ells, the sum of that great number of men or\nspirits would not occupy a space equal to a thousandth part of this\nEarth, consequently hardly the space occupied by one of the satellites\nof the planet Jupiter or Saturn: which would be a space in the\nuniverse so small as to be scarcely discernible; for a satellite [of\nJupiter or Saturn] is scarcely visible to the naked eye. What would\nthis be for the Creator of the universe, for whom the whole universe,\neven if it were completely filled, would not be enough, for He is\nInfinite. In conversing with the angels on this subject, they have\ntold me that they have a similar idea of the fewness of the human race\nrelatively to the infinity of the Creator; but that, nevertheless,\nthey do not think from spaces, but from states, and that according\nto their idea, earths numbering as many myriads as could ever be\nconceived in thought would still be as absolutely nothing to the Lord.\nThe earths in the starry heaven, however, shall now be treated of in\nwhat follows from real experience; from which it will likewise be made\nmanifest how the translations to these earths were effected as to my\nspirit, whilst my body remained in its own place.\n\n\n\n\nTHE FIRST EARTH IN THE STARRY HEAVEN, AND ITS SPIRITS AND INHABITANTS:\nFROM THINGS HEARD AND SEEN.\n\n\n127. I was led by the Lord by means of angels to a certain earth\nin the starry heaven, where it was given me to gaze upon the earth\nitself, yet not to speak with the inhabitants of it, but with spirits\nwho had come from it. All the inhabitants or men of every earth, on\nthe termination of their life in the world, become spirits, and remain\nnear their own earth. From them, however, information is obtained\nconcerning their earth and the state of its inhabitants; for men,\nwhen they quit the body, carry with them all their former life and all\ntheir memory[tt]. Being led to earths in the universe does not mean\nbeing led and translated thither as to the body, but as to the spirit;\nand the spirit is led through variations of the state of the\ninner life, which appear to it as progressions through spaces[ss].\nApproaches, also, are effected according to the agreements or\nlikenesses of the states of life; for agreement or likeness of life\nconjoins, and disagreement and unlikeness disjoin. From this it may\nappear how translation as to the spirit is effected, and how it is\nmade to approach distant regions, while the man, nevertheless, remains\nin his own place. But to lead a spirit outside of his own globe\nthrough variations of the state of his interiors, and to cause the\nvariations to proceed successively until a state is reached which\nagrees or coincides with the state of those to whom he is being led,\nis in the power of the Lord alone; for there is needed a continual\ndirection and foresight from first to last, both on the journey\nthither, and on the return journey, especially when this is to be\neffected with a man who is still as to the body in the world of\nnature, and thereby in space. That this has actually been effected,\nthose who are in corporeal sensual things, and who think from them,\ncannot be induced to believe. The reason is that the corporeal sensual\n[faculties] cannot conceive of progressions apart from spaces. But,\nnevertheless, those who think from the Sensual of their spirit, that\nhas in some degree been removed or withdrawn from the Sensual of the\nbody, thus, who think interiorly in themselves, may be induced to\nbelieve and comprehend it, since in the idea of interior thought there\nis neither space nor time, but instead of them there are those things\nfrom which spaces and times proceed. Those things, therefore, that\nfollow, concerning the earths in the starry heaven, are for the use\nof the latter, and not for the former, unless they are of such a\ncharacter as to suffer themselves to be instructed.\n\n[Footnote tt: Man after death has with him the memory of all his\nconcerns in the world, nos. 2476-2486.]\n\n128. In a state of wakefulness, I was led as to the spirit by the Lord\nthrough angels to a certain earth in the universe, accompanied by some\nspirits from this globe. The progression took place towards the right,\nand lasted for two hours. Near the boundary of our solar system, there\nappeared first a whitish but dense cloud, and after it a fiery smoke\nascending from a great gulf: this was an immense chasm, separating our\nsolar system on that side from certain systems of the starry heaven.\nThe fiery smoke appeared over a considerable distance. I was conveyed\nacross the midst of it, and then there appeared beneath in that gulf\nor chasm very many men, who were spirits (for all spirits appear in\nthe human form, and are actually men). I also heard them talking with\neach other; but whence they were, or of what character, it was not\ngiven me to know. One of them, however, told me that they were guards\nto prevent spirits passing without permission from this into any other\nsystem in the universe. That this was the case, was also confirmed;\nfor when some spirits who were in the company, and who had not\nreceived permission to pass, came to that great interstice, they began\nto cry out wildly that they were perishing, for they were like persons\nstruggling in the agony of death; wherefore they stopped on this side\nof the chasm, and could not be conveyed any further; for the fiery\nsmoke which exhaled from the chasm attacked them, and tortured them in\nthis manner.\n\n129. After I had been translated across that great chasm, I at length\nreached a place where I stopped; and then some spirits appeared to me\nabove, and it was given me to speak with them. From their speech, and\nfrom their peculiar manner of apperceiving things and explaining\nthem, I discerned clearly that they were from another earth; for they\ndiffered altogether from the spirits of our solar system. They also\napperceived from my speech that I had come from a great distance.\n\n130. After we had conversed for awhile on various subjects, I asked\nthem what God they worshipped. They said they worshipped some angel,\nwho appears to them as a Divine man, for he is resplendent with light;\nand that he instructs them and enables them to apperceive what they\nought to do. They said further that they knew that the Most High God\nis in the sun of the angelic heaven, and that He appears to their\nangel and not to themselves; and that He is too great for them to dare\nto adore Him. The angel whom they worshipped was an angelic society,\nto which it has been given by the Lord to preside over them, and to\nteach them the way of what is just and right; therefore they have\nlight from a certain flame, which appears like a little torch,\nsomewhat fiery and yellow. The reason of this originates in their not\nadoring the Lord; therefore they do not receive light from the sun\nof the angelic heaven, but from the angelic society; for an angelic\nsociety, when permitted by the Lord, can exhibit such a light to\nspirits who are in a lower region. I also saw that angelic society,\nwhich was high above them; and I also saw the flame there whence they\nhad light.\n\n131. In other respects they were modest, rather simple, but still\nthey thought well enough. The quality of their Intellectual could be\ninferred from the light which prevailed among them; for the intellect\nis according to the reception of the light which is in the heavens;\nsince it is the Divine Truth proceeding from the Lord as a sun, that\nshines there, and enables the angels not only to see but also to\nunderstand[uu].\n\n[Footnote uu: There is much light in the heavens, nos. 1117, 1521,\n1522, 1533, 1619-1632, 4527, 5400, 8644. All light in the heavens is\nfrom the Lord as the Sun there, nos. 1053, 1521, 3195, 3341, 3636,\n4415, 9548, 9684, 10809. The Divine Truth proceeding from the Lord\nappears in the heavens as light, nos. 3195, 3222, 5400, 8644,\n9399, 9548, 9684. That light illuminates both the sight and the\nunderstanding of angels and spirits, nos. 2776, 3138. The light of\nheaven also illuminates the understanding of man, nos. 1524, 3138,\n3167, 4408, 6608, 8707, 9128, 9399, 10569.]\n\n132. I was informed that the inhabitants and spirits of that earth, in\nthe Grand Man, have relation to something in the SPLEEN: and in this\nI was confirmed by an influx into the spleen while they were speaking\nwith me.\n\n133. When asked about the sun of their system, which illuminates their\nearth, they said that it appeared flaming. When I represented the size\nof the sun of our Earth, they said that their sun was smaller; for\nbefore our eyes their sun appears as a star; and I was told by the\nangels that it was one of the lesser stars. They also said that the\nstarry heaven is also seen from their earth; and that a star larger\nthan the rest appears to them towards the west; it was said from\nheaven that this is our sun.\n\n134. My sight was afterwards opened, so that I could in some measure\ngaze upon that earth itself; and there appeared many meadows and\nforests with trees covered with leaves; likewise fleecy sheep.\nAfterwards I saw some of the inhabitants, who belonged to the lower\nclass, clothed nearly like the country folk in Europe. I also saw a\nman (_vir_) with his wife (_mulier_). She appeared of handsome stature\nand of graceful mien; so did the man; but, what surprised me, he\nwalked about pompously, with as it were a haughty gait, while the\nwoman's gait, on the contrary, was humble. The angels told me that\nsuch is the custom on that earth, and that notwithstanding this\npeculiarity, the men are loved, because they are good. I was further\ntold that they are not allowed to have more than one wife, because it\nis contrary to the laws. The woman I saw had an ample garment before\nher breast, behind which she could conceal herself, and which was so\nmade that she could put her arms in it, and wrap herself in it, and in\nthis wise go away: the lower portion of it could be gathered up,\nand, when gathered up and folded about the body, it looked like\na stomacher, such as is worn by the women of our Earth. The same\ngarment, however, also served the man for an article of clothing. He\nwas seen to take it from the woman and throw it over his own back, and\nloosening the lower part, which thus flowed down to his feet like a\nrobe, he walked about clad in this manner. What I saw on that earth\nwas not seen with the eyes of my body, but with the eyes of my spirit,\nand a spirit can see the objects that are on an earth, when it is\npermitted by the Lord.\n\n135. As I know that many will doubt the possibility of a man's being\nable, with the eyes of his spirit, to see anything on an earth so\ndistant, I may state how the matter is. Distances in the other life\nare not as distances on the Earth. In the other life distances are\naltogether according to the states of the interiors of each one. They\nwho are in a similar state are together in one society and in one\nplace. All presence there results from likeness of state, and all\ndistance results from unlikeness of state. Hence it was that I was\nnear to that earth when I was brought by the Lord into a state similar\nto that of its spirits and inhabitants, and that being then present I\nconversed with them. Hence it is evident that earths in the spiritual\nworld are not distant as in the natural world, but only apparently so\naccording to the states of life of their inhabitants and spirits. The\nstate of life is the state of the affections as to love and faith.\nIn regard to a spirit, or, what is the same, a man as to his spirit,\nbeing able to see the things that are on an earth, I may also explain\nhow the case therein is. Neither spirits nor angels are able, by their\nown sight, to see anything that is in the world; for to them the light\nof the world, that is, solar light, is as thick darkness: just as man\nby his bodily sight cannot see anything that is in the other life;\nfor to him the light of heaven is as thick darkness. But nevertheless\nspirits and angels, when it pleases the Lord, can see the things in\nthe natural world through the eyes of a man; but this is not granted\nby the Lord with any except those whom He permits to speak with\nspirits and angels, and to be together with them. It has been\npermitted them to see through my eyes the things in this world, and as\nplainly as I myself did; and even to hear men speaking with me. It has\nsometimes happened that through me some have seen their friends,\nwith whom they had been intimate in the life of the body, altogether\npresent as before, and they have been amazed thereat. Wives also have\nseen in this manner their husbands and children, and have wanted me to\ntell them that they were present and saw them, and to inform them\nof their state in the other life. But it was forbidden me to say and\nreveal to them that they had been seen in this way, for the further\nreason that they would have called me insane, or have thought my\ninformation ravings of the mind (_animus_), for I was well aware that,\nalthough they affirmed with their mouth, they yet did not at heart\nbelieve in the existence of spirits, the resurrection of the dead and\ntheir living among spirits, and these being able to see and hear by\nmeans of a man. When my interior sight was first opened, and when\nthose who are in the other life saw through my eyes the world and the\nthings therein, they were so amazed that they called it the miracle of\nmiracles, and were affected with new joy that there was thus granted a\ncommunication of the Earth with heaven, and of heaven with the Earth.\nThis joy continued for months; but afterwards it became familiar, and\nnow the wonder has ceased. I have been informed that the spirits and\nangels with other men do not in the least see the things in the world,\nbut only perceive the thoughts and affections of those with whom they\nare. From all this it may appear, that man was so created that, while\nliving amongst men in the world, he might at the same time live in\nheaven amongst angels, and contrariwise, so that heaven and the world\nmight be together with man, and act as a one, and that men might know\nwhat passes in heaven, and angels what passes in the world; and\nthat when men depart this life, they might pass thus from the Lord's\nkingdom on earth into His kingdom in the heavens, not as into another,\nbut as into the same kingdom, in which they had been during their life\nin the body. But as man has become so corporeal, he has closed heaven\nagainst himself.\n\n136. Lastly, I conversed with spirits who were from that earth\nconcerning various things on our Earth, especially concerning the fact\nthat sciences are cultivated here, which are not cultivated elsewhere,\nsuch as astronomy, geometry, mechanics, physics, chemistry, medicine,\noptics, and natural philosophy; and likewise arts, which are unknown\nelsewhere, as the arts of ship-building, of smelting metals, of\nwriting on paper, and likewise of publishing by printing, and thus of\ncommunicating with others on the Earth, and thus also of preserving\nwhat is communicated for the use of posterity for thousands of years;\nand that this has been done also with the Word which is from the\nLord, and that on this account revelation is for ever permanent on our\nEarth.\n\n137. At last I was shown the hell of those who are from that earth.\nThose who appeared from there inspired great terror. I dare not\ndescribe their monstrous faces. Sorceresses also appeared there, who\npractise nefarious arts. They appeared clad in green, and struck me\nwith horror.\n\n\n\n\nTHE SECOND EARTH IN THE STARRY HEAVEN, AND ITS SPIRITS AND\nINHABITANTS.\n\n\n138. I was afterwards led by the Lord to an earth in the universe\nwhich was at a much greater distance from our Earth than the first one\nthat has just been treated of. That it was at a much greater distance,\nwas plain from this circumstance, that I was two days in being led\nthither as to my spirit. This earth was to the left, whereas the\nformer was to the right. As remoteness in the spiritual world does\nnot, as already observed, arise from distance of place, but from\ndifference of state, the long-continuance of my progression thither,\nwhich lasted two days, enabled me to conclude that the state of\nthe interiors which prevailed with them, which is the state of the\naffections and of the consequent thoughts, differed proportionately\nfrom the state of the interiors which prevails with the spirits from\nour Earth. As I was conveyed thither as to the spirit by means of\nchanges of the state of the interiors, I was enabled to observe the\nsuccessive changes themselves before I arrived there. This took place\nwhile I was awake.\n\n139. When I arrived there, I did not see the earth, but only the\nspirits who were from that earth; for, as has already been stated, the\nspirits of every earth appear about their own earth, because they are\nof a similar genius with the inhabitants, for they are of them, and\nare serviceable to them. Those spirits appeared at a considerable\nheight over my head, and from thence they saw me coming. It must be\nborne in mind that they who stand on high in the other life can behold\nthose who are below them, and the higher they stand the wider is the\nextent of their vision; and that not only can they behold them, but\nalso speak with them. They observed from there that I was not from\ntheir earth, but from some other at a distance; wherefore, addressing\nme from thence, they questioned me on various subjects, and to these\nquestions it was also permitted me to reply. Among other things, I\ntold them from what earth I came, and what kind of earth it was; and\nafterwards I told them about the earths in our solar system; and\nthen also about the spirits of the earth or planet Mercury, that\nthey wander about to many earths for the purpose of procuring for\nthemselves knowledges about various things. On hearing this, they said\nthat they had also seen those spirits among themselves.\n\n140. I was told by the angels from our Earth that the inhabitants and\nspirits of that earth, in the Grand Man, have relation to KEENNESS OF\nVISION, and that therefore they appear on high; and that they have\na most penetrating keenness of sight. In consequence of their having\nthis relation, and of their seeing clearly the things that were below,\nin the course of our conversation I compared them to eagles, which fly\naloft, and enjoy a piercing and extensive view of surrounding things.\nAt this they became indignant, supposing that I considered them like\neagles as to their rapacity, and consequently that I thought them\nevil; but I replied, that I did not liken them to eagles as to\nrapacity, but as to keenness of vision.\n\n141. Being questioned concerning the God whom they worshipped, they\nreplied that they worshipped a God visible and invisible; a God\nvisible under the Human Form, and an invisible God, under no form at\nall; and I learned from their discourse, and likewise from the ideas\nof their thoughts which were communicated to me, that the visible God\nwas our Lord Himself, and they also called Him Lord. To this it was\ngiven me to reply, that on our Earth also, an invisible and a visible\nGod is worshipped; and that the invisible God is called the Father,\nand the visible, the Lord; but that both are One, as He Himself\ntaught, saying, that no one had ever seen the form of the Father, that\nthe Father and He are One, that whoso seeth Him seeth the Father, and\nthat the Father is in Him and He in the Father; consequently, that\nboth Divine [Essences] are in One Person. That these are the words of\nthe Lord Himself, see John v. 37; x. 30; xiv. 7, 9-11.\n\n142. Afterwards I saw other spirits from the same earth, who appeared\nin a place beneath the former: with these also I conversed; but they\nwere idolaters, for they worshipped an idol of stone, like a man, but\nan unhandsome one. It is to be observed, that all who come into\nthe other life, in the beginning have a worship which is like their\nworship in the world, but that by degrees they are removed from it.\nThe reason why this takes place is, that all worship remains implanted\nin man's interior life, from which it cannot be removed and eradicated\nexcept by degrees. On seeing this, it was given me to tell them that\nthey ought not to worship what is dead, but what is living; to which\nthey replied, that they knew that God lives, and that a stone does\nnot, but that they thought of the living God while looking on a stone\nresembling a man, and that otherwise the ideas of their thought could\nnot be fixed upon and determined to the invisible God. It was then\ngiven me to tell them that the ideas of thought can be fixed upon\nand determined to the invisible God, when they are fixed upon and\ndetermined to the Lord, who is God visible in thought under the Human\nForm; and thus that man can be conjoined with the invisible God in\nthought and affection, consequently in faith and love, when he is\nconjoined with the Lord, but not otherwise.\n\n143. The spirits who were seen on high were questioned whether on\ntheir earth they live under the rule of princes or kings. To this they\nreplied, that they do not know what governments are, and that they\nlive under themselves, distinguished into clans, families, and\nhouseholds. They were questioned whether they were thus in security.\nThey said they were secure, since one family never envies another, nor\ndesires to deprive another of anything. They were indignant at being\nasked such questions, as if they had been charged with being at\nenmity, or with needing protection against robbers. What, said they,\ndoes anyone need but food and raiment, and thus to live content and\nquiet under one's own management?\n\n144. Being further questioned concerning their earth, they said that\nthey have meadows, flower-gardens, orchards full of fruit-trees, and\nalso lakes containing fish; and that they have birds of a blue\ncolour, with golden feathers; and large and small animals. Amongst the\nsmaller, they mentioned one sort which had the back raised like the\ncamels on our Earth; nevertheless, they do not feed on their flesh,\nbut only on the flesh of fishes, and besides on the fruits of trees,\nand on the leguminous plants of the earth. They said, moreover, that\nthey do not live in artificial houses, but in groves, amongst the\nleafy boughs of which they make roofs to shelter them from rain and\nthe heat of the sun.\n\n145. Being questioned respecting their sun, which appears as a star\nfrom our Earth, they said that it has a fiery appearance, and that it\nis not larger to the sight than a man's head. I was told by the angels\nthat the star which is their sun is one of the smaller stars, not far\ndistant from the equator.\n\n146. There were seen some spirits who were like what they had been\nduring their abode as men on their earth. They had faces not unlike\nthe faces of the men of our Earth, except that their eyes and nose\nwere small. As this appeared to me something of a deformity, they said\nthat with them small eyes and a small nose are considered a beauty.\nA female was seen, clothed in a gown ornamented with roses of various\ncolours. I asked whence they procured for themselves materials for\nclothing on that earth. They answered that they gather from certain\nplants substances which they spin into thread; and that they then at\nonce lay the threads in double and triple rows, moistening them with\na glutinous water to give them consistence. Afterwards they colour\nthe cloth, thus prepared, with the juices of herbaceous plants. It\nwas also shown me how they prepare the thread. The women sit down on\na seat, with their backs bent, and twist the threads with their toes;\nand when twisted they draw the threads towards them, and work them\nwith their hands.\n\n147. They said also, that on that earth a husband has only one wife,\nand no more; and that they beget from ten to fifteen children. They\nadded, that there are likewise found harlots on that earth; but that\nthese, after the life of the body, when they become spirits, are\nsorceresses, and are cast into hell.\n\n\n\n\nTHE THIRD EARTH IN THE STARRY HEAVEN, AND ITS SPIRITS AND INHABITANTS.\n\n\n148. There appeared some spirits at a distance, who were unwilling\nto approach. The reason was, that they could not be together with the\nspirits of our Earth who were then about me. From this I apperceived\nthat they were from another earth; and I was told afterwards that they\nwere from a certain earth in the universe; but where that earth is,\nwas not made known to me. These spirits, unlike the spirits from our\nEarth, were absolutely unwilling to think about their body, or even\nabout anything corporeal and material; hence it was that they were\nunwilling to approach; yet, after the removal of some of the spirits\nof our Earth, they drew nearer, and spoke with me. But then there\nwas a sense of anxiety arising from the collision of the spheres; for\nspiritual spheres surround all spirits and societies of spirits[cc];\nand since they emanate from the life of the affections and the\nconsequent thoughts, therefore where the affections are contrary\ncollision takes place, and hence arises anxiety. The spirits of our\nEarth related, that they dare not even approach them; since, on their\napproach, they are not only seized with anxiety, but also appear to\nthemselves as if they were bound hand and foot with serpents, from\nwhich they cannot be freed till they have departed. This appearance\ntakes its origin from correspondence; for the spirits of our Earth,\nin the Grand Man, have relation to external sense, consequently to the\ncorporeal Sensual, and this Sensual is represented in the other life\nby serpents[xx].\n\n[Footnote xx: The external Sensual of man in the spiritual world is\nrepresented by serpents, because it is in the lowest [parts], and\nrelatively to the more interior things in man, lies on the ground, and\nas it were creeps; and on this ground they were called serpents who\nreasoned from that Sensual, nos. 195-197, 6398, 6949.]\n\n149. As the spirits of that earth are such, they appear in the eyes\nof other spirits, not in a distinct human form, as others do, but as\nclouds, in most cases like a dusky cloud, with the fair human colour\ninterspersed; but they said, that within they are fair, and that when\nthey become angels, this duskiness is changed into a beautiful blue;\nwhich was also shown me. I asked whether, during their life as men in\nthe world, they had entertained such an idea respecting their bodies.\nThey replied that the men of their earth make no account of their\nbodies, but only of the spirit in the body, because they know that the\nspirit will live for ever, but that the body must perish. They said\nalso, that many on their earth believe that the spirit of the body has\nexisted from eternity, and that it was infused into the body when they\nwere conceived; but they added, that now they know that it is not so,\nand that they repent of having ever been in so false an opinion.\n\n150. When I asked them whether they would like to see any objects on\nour Earth, informing them that it was possible to do so through my\neyes (see above, no. 135), they answered first, that they could not,\nand afterwards, that they would not, because the things that they\nwould see would be only earthly and material things, from which they\nremove their thoughts as much as possible. But nevertheless, there\nwere represented before them magnificent palaces, resembling those\non our Earth possessed by kings and princes; for such things can\nbe represented before spirits, and, when they are represented, they\nappear exactly as if they existed. But the spirits from that earth\nesteemed them as nothing, calling them marble images; and then they\nrelated that they have more magnificent things belonging to them,\nwhich are their sacred temples, built not of stone but of wood. When\nit was objected that these were still earthly objects, they replied\nthat they were not earthly, but heavenly, because when they gaze upon\nthem they have not an earthly but a heavenly idea; believing that\nafter death they should also see like objects in heaven.\n\n151. They then represented their sacred temples before the spirits\nof our Earth, who declared that they had not seen anything more\nmagnificent; and as they were also seen by me, I can therefore\ndescribe them. They are constructed of trees not cut down, but growing\nin the place where they first took root. They said that on that earth\nthere are trees of a wonderful size and height; these they set in rows\nfrom the first, so that they may form porticos and colonnades; and by\ncutting and pruning, they fit and prepare the tender shoots, so that\nas they grow they may interlace and join together so as to form the\ngroundwork and floor of the temple to be constructed, and to rise at\nthe sides to form the walls, and above to bend into arches to form\nthe roof. In this manner they construct the temple with admirable art,\nraised high above the ground. They also prepare an ascent into it by\nsuccessive branches of the trees, extended from the trunk and firmly\nconnected together. Moreover, they adorn the temple without and within\nin various ways, by disposing the foliage into forms: thus they build\nentire groves. But it was not permitted me to see the character of\nthese temples within: I was only told that the light of their sun is\nlet in by apertures amongst the branches, and is transmitted here\nand there through crystals, by which means the light falling upon the\nwalls is varied in colours like those of the rainbow, especially blue\nand orange, of which they are fondest. Such are their architectural\nworks, which they prefer to the most magnificent palaces of our Earth.\n\n152. They said further, that the inhabitants do not dwell in high\nplaces, but on the earth in lowly cottages, for the reason that high\nplaces are for the Lord who is in heaven, and lowly places for men\nwho are on earth. Their cottages were also shown me. They were oblong,\nhaving within along the walls a continuous couch, on which they lie\none behind another. On the side opposite to the door is a rounded\nalcove, before which is a table, and behind the table a fire-place, by\nwhich the whole chamber is lighted. In this fire-place, there is not\na burning fire, but a luminous wood, which gives out as much light as\nthe flame of a common fire does. They said that in the evening these\nlogs of wood appeared as if they had in them the fire of live coals.\n\n153. They said that they do not live as societies, but as households\nby themselves; and that they are societies when they meet for worship;\nthat on these occasions those who teach walk within the temple, and\nthe rest in the porches at the sides; and that at their meetings they\nexperience interior joys, arising from the sight of the temple, and\nfrom the worship celebrated therein.\n\n154. In respect to Divine worship, they said that they acknowledge\na God under the Human Form, consequently our Lord; for all who\nacknowledge the God of the universe under the Human Form are accepted\nand led by our Lord: the rest cannot be led, because they think apart\nfrom a form. They added, that the inhabitants of their earth\nare instructed about the things of heaven by a certain immediate\nintercourse with angels and spirits, into which they may be brought by\nthe Lord more easily than others, because they reject corporeal\nthings from their thought and affection. I asked what becomes of those\namongst them who are evil. They told me that on their earth no wicked\nperson is allowed to exist; but if any one thinks and does evil, he\nis reprimanded by a certain spirit, who threatens him with death if he\npersists in doing so; and if he persists, he dies by a swoon; and that\nby this means the men of that earth are preserved from the contagion\nof evils. A certain spirit of this character was also sent to me:\nhe spoke with me as if with those [evil ones]: he moreover inflicted\nsomething of pain in the region of my abdomen, saying that this is\nwhat he does to those who think and do evil, and that he threatens\nthem with death if they persist. I was also told that they who profane\nholy things are grievously punished; and that before the punishing\nspirit comes, there appears to them in vision the gaping mouth of\na lion, of a livid colour, which seems as if it would swallow their\nhead, and tear it asunder from the body, whence they are seized with\nhorror. They call the punishing spirit the devil.\n\n155. As they were desirous to know how the case is on our Earth in\nregard to revelation, I told them that it is effected by means of\nwriting and preaching from the Word, and not by immediate intercourse\nwith spirits and angels; and that what is written can be published by\nprinting, and thus be read and comprehended by whole societies, and\nthat thus the life can be amended. They were exceedingly surprised\nthat such an art, utterly unknown elsewhere, could exist on our\nEarth; but they comprehended that on this Earth, where corporeal\nand terrestrial things are so much loved, Divine things could not\notherwise inflow from heaven and be received; and that it would be\ndangerous for such beings to converse with angels.\n\n156. The spirits of that earth appear above, in the plane of the head,\ntowards the right. All spirits are distinguished by their situation\nrelatively to the human body; and this is a consequence of the\nuniversal heaven corresponding with all things of man[f]. These\nspirits keep themselves in that plane, and at that distance,\nbecause their correspondence is not with the externals, but with the\ninteriors, belonging to man. Their action is upon the left knee, above\nand a little below, with a certain vibration very sensibly felt. This\nis a sign that they correspond with _the conjunction of natural things\nand heavenly things_.\n\n\n\n\nTHE FOURTH EARTH IN THE STARRY HEAVEN, AND ITS SPIRITS AND\nINHABITANTS.\n\n\n157. I was conducted to yet another earth which is in the universe\nbeyond our solar system, which was effected by changes of the state\nof my mind, consequently as to the spirit; for, as has already been\nrepeatedly observed, a spirit is conducted from place to place no\notherwise than by changes of the state of his interiors, which changes\nappear to him in all respects as advancements from place to place, or\nas journeyings. These changes lasted continuously for about ten hours\nbefore I came from the state of my life to the state of their life,\nthus before I arrived there as to my spirit. I was conveyed towards\nthe east, to the left, and seemed to be gradually elevated from\na horizontal plane. I was also permitted to observe clearly the\nprogression and advance from my former place, till at length those\nfrom whom I had departed no longer appeared; and in the meantime I\nspoke on various subjects with the spirits who were with me. A certain\nspirit was also with us who, during his life in the world, had been\na prelate and a preacher, as well as a very pathetic writer. From\nmy idea concerning him, my spirit-companions supposed he was more\na Christian at heart than the rest; for in the world an idea is\nconceived and a judgment formed from the preaching and writing,\nand not from the life, if this is not manifest; and if anything\ninconsistent appears in the life, it is nevertheless excused; for the\nidea or thought and perception concerning any one draws everything to\nits side.\n\n158. After this I observed that I was, as to my spirit, in the starry\nheaven, far beyond our solar system; for this can be observed from the\nchanges of state and the consequent apparent continued progression,\nwhich had lasted nearly ten hours. At length I heard spirits\nconversing near some earth, which also I afterwards saw. When I had\ncome near them, after some conversation they said that strangers\nsometimes come to them from other places, who converse with them\nconcerning God, and confuse the ideas of their thought. They also\npointed out the way by which they came, from which it was perceived\nthat they were of the spirits of our Earth. On being questioned then\nas to the confusion caused in their ideas, they said it arose from\nthose spirits saying that they ought to believe in a Divine Being\ndistinguished into three persons, whom they nevertheless call one\nGod; and on examining the idea of their thoughts, it is exhibited as\na trine, not continuous hut discrete, with some as three persons\nconversing with each other, and with some as two seated together, one\nnear the other, and a third listening to them and going from them;\nand although they call each person God, and have a different idea\nconcerning each, they still say there is but one God. They complained\nexceedingly, that they had thrown them into a confusion of ideas, by\nthinking of three and speaking of one, when nevertheless one ought to\nthink as one speaks, and speak as one thinks. The spirit who in the\nworld had been a prelate and a preacher, and who was also with me,\nwas then examined as to the character of the idea he entertained\nrespecting one God and three persons: [and it was found that] he\nrepresented to himself three gods, which, however, made one by\ncontinuity. He, however, exhibited this Three in One as invisible\nbecause it was Divine; and while he was exhibiting this, it was\nperceived that he was then thinking only of the Father, and not of the\nLord, and that his idea concerning the invisible God was no other but\nas of nature in its first principles, from which idea it resulted that\nthe inmost of nature was his Divine, so that he might easily be led\nfrom this to acknowledge nature as God. It is to be borne in mind,\nthat the idea which any person entertains on any subject is, in\nthe other life, exhibited to the life, and through it every one is\nexamined as to the character of his thought and perception on matters\nof faith; and that the idea of the thought concerning God is the chief\nof all, for through it, if genuine, conjunction is effected with the\nDivine, and consequently with heaven. They were afterwards questioned\nconcerning the nature of their idea respecting God. They replied that\nthey did not conceive of an invisible God, but of a God visible under\nthe Human Form; and that they knew this not only from an interior\nperception, but also from the fact, that He has appeared to them as a\nMan. They added that if, according to the idea of some strangers, they\nwere to conceive of God as invisible, consequently without form and\nquality, they would not be able to think about God at all, inasmuch as\nsuch an invisible [being] does not fall into any idea of thought. On\nhearing this, it was given me to tell them that they do well to think\nof God under the Human Form, and that many on our Earth think in like\nmanner, especially when they think of the Lord; and that the ancients\nthought in no other way. I then told them about Abraham, Lot, Gideon,\nManoah and his wife, and what is related of them in our Word, namely,\nthat they saw God under the Human Form, and acknowledged Him, thus\nseen, to be the Creator of the universe, and called Him Jehovah, and\nthis also from an interior perception; but that at the present day\nthat interior perception is lost in the Christian world, and only\nremains with the simple who are in faith.\n\n159. Previous to this conversation, they had believed that our company\nalso consisted of those who want to confuse them by the idea of three\nin relation to God; wherefore, on hearing what was said, they were\naffected with joy, and said that God, whom they then called the Lord,\nhad also sent some to teach them concerning Him; and that they are\nunwilling to admit strangers who disturb them, especially with the\nidea of three persons in the Divinity, knowing as they do that God\nis One, consequently that the Divine is One, and does not consist of\nthree in unanimity, unless they are disposed to think of God as of an\nangel, in whom there is an Inmost of life which is invisible, and from\nwhich he thinks and is wise; an External of life, which is visible\nunder a human form, from which he sees and acts; and a Proceeding\nof life, which is the sphere of love and of faith from him; for from\nevery spirit and angel there proceeds a sphere of life by which he is\nknown at a distance[cc]; and as to the Lord, that that Proceeding of\nlife from Him is the Divine itself which fills and constitutes the\nheavens, because it proceeds from the very Esse of the life of love\nand of faith. They said that in this and in no other manner can they\nperceive a trinity and unity together. On hearing this, it was given\nme to say that such an idea of a trinity and unity together agrees\nwith the angelic idea concerning the Lord, and that it is from the\nLord's own doctrine concerning Himself. For He teaches that the Father\nand Himself are One; that the Father is in Him and He in the Father;\nthat he who seeth Him seeth the Father; and he who believeth in\nHim believeth in the Father and knoweth the Father; also that the\nComforter, whom He calls the Spirit of Truth, and likewise the Holy\nSpirit, proceeds from Him, and does not speak from Himself but from\nHim, by which Comforter is meant the Divine proceeding. I was further\npermitted to tell them that their idea concerning a trinity and unity\ntogether agrees with the Esse and Existere of the Lord's life when He\nwas in the world. The Esse of His life was the Divine Itself, for He\nwas conceived of Jehovah, and the Esse of every one's life is that\nof which he is conceived; the Existere of life from that Esse is the\nHuman in a form. The esse of the life of every man, which he has\nfrom his father, is called the soul, and the existere of life thence\nderived is called the body. Soul and body constitute one man. The\nlikeness between them resembles the likeness between that which is\nin endeavour and that which is in the resulting act, for an act is\nendeavour acting, and thus the two are one. Endeavour in man is called\nthe will, and endeavour acting is called action; the body is the\ninstrumental, by means of which the will, which is the principal,\nacts, and in acting the instrumental and principal are a one. Such is\nthe case with soul and body. And such is the idea which the angels in\nheaven have concerning soul and body: hence they know that the Lord\nmade His Human Divine from the Divine in Himself, which to Him was\nthe Soul from the Father. Neither is the faith which is received\nthroughout the Christian world in opposition to this idea, for it\nteaches, that \"_Although Christ is God and Man, yet He is not two, but\none Christ;... yea, He is altogether One by unity of Person; for as\nbody and soul are one man, so also God and man are one Christ_\"[yy].\nAs there was such a union or such a oneness in the Lord, therefore He\nrose again, not only as to the Soul, but also as to the Body, which He\nglorified in the world, which is not the case with any man; on which\nsubject He also instructed His disciples, saying, \"_Feel Me and see,\nfor a spirit hath not flesh and bones, as ye see Me have_\" [(Luke\nxxiv. 39)][zz]. This was clearly understood by those spirits, for\nsuch truths fall into the understanding of angelic spirits. They then\nadded, that the Lord alone has power in the heavens, and that the\nheavens are His; to which it was given me to answer, that this also\nis known to the Church on our Earth from the mouth of the Lord Himself\nbefore He ascended into heaven; for He then said, \"_All power is given\nunto Me in heaven and on earth_\" [(Matt, xxviii. 18)].\n\n[Footnote yy: From the Creed of Athanasius.]\n\n[Footnote zz: Immediately after death, man rises again as to his\nspirit; and he is in the human form, and he is a man as to all things\nin general and particular, nos. 4527, 5006, 5078, 8939, 8991, 10594,\n10597, 10758. Man rises again only as to the spirit, and not as to\nthe body, nos. 10593, 10594. The Lord alone rose again as to the body\nalso, nos. 1729, 2083, 5078, 10825.]\n\n160. I afterwards conversed with those spirits concerning their earth;\nfor all spirits can do this when their natural or external memory is\nopened by the Lord; for this they carry with them from the world, but\nit is not opened except at the Lord's good pleasure. Respecting their\nearth, from which they had come, the spirits then said that when leave\nis given them, they appear to the inhabitants, and converse with\nthem, as men; and that this is effected by their being let into their\nnatural or external memory, and consequently into such a thought\nas they had been in when they lived in the world; and that on such\noccasions the inhabitants have their interior sight or the sight of\ntheir spirit opened, by which they see the spirits. They added, that\nthe inhabitants know no otherwise than that they are men of their\nearth, and only apperceive they are not when they are suddenly removed\nfrom their sight, I told them that the same thing also happened on our\nEarth in ancient times, as, for instance, to Abraham, Sarah, Lot, the\ninhabitants of Sodom, Manoah and his wife, Joshua, Mary, Elizabeth,\nand the prophets generally; and that the Lord appeared in like manner,\nand they who saw Him knew no otherwise than that He was a man of the\nearth, till He revealed Himself. But that at the present day this\nrarely happens; the reason is, lest men by such things should be\ncompelled to believe; for compelled faith, such as is the faith\nwhich enters by means of miracles, does not inhere, and would also be\nhurtful to those with whom faith may be implanted by means of the Word\nin a state without compulsion.\n\n161. The spirit, who had been a prelate and a preacher in the world,\nentirely disbelieved that any other earths existed besides our own,\nbecause he had thought in the world that the Lord was born on this\nEarth alone, and that without the Lord none could be saved; wherefore\nhe was reduced into a state similar to that into which spirits are\nreduced when they appear on their own earth as men (which state has\nbeen treated of just above); and thus he was let into that earth,\nso that he not only saw it, but also conversed with the inhabitants\nthere. This done, a communication was by this means granted me also,\nso that I likewise saw the inhabitants, and also some objects on that\nearth (see above, no. 135). There appeared then four kinds of men, but\none after the other in succession; the first I saw were clothed; the\nsecond were naked, of a human flesh colour; the next were naked, but\nwith flame-coloured bodies; and the last were black.\n\n162. While the spirit who had been a prelate and a preacher was with\nthose who were clothed, a woman with a very pretty face appeared. She\nwas simply attired; her robe hung gracefully behind her, and was also\ndrawn over her arms, and she wore a beautiful head-dress, in the form\nof a chaplet of flowers. That spirit was greatly delighted at the\nsight of this virgin; he spoke to her, and also took her by the hand;\nbut, apperceiving that he was a spirit, and not of that earth, she\nhurried hastily away from him. Afterwards there appeared to him on the\nright several other women, who had the care of sheep and lambs, which\nthey were then leading to a watering-trough, into which water was led\nby means of a trench from some lake. They were similarly clothed, and\nhad shepherds' crooks in their hands, by which they led the sheep and\nlambs to drink; they said the sheep went whichever way they pointed\nwith their crooks: the sheep which we saw were large, with woolly\ntails, broad and long. The faces of the women, when seen nearer, were\nfull and beautiful. Some men were also seen; their faces were of a\nhuman flesh colour, like that of the men of our Earth, but with this\ndifference, that the lower part of the face, instead of being bearded,\nwas black, and the nose more of a snowy-white than of a flesh colour.\nAfterwards the spirit who, as already mentioned, had been a preacher\nin the world, was led further on, but reluctantly, because he was\nstill thinking about that woman with whom he had been delighted, as\nwas evident from the circumstance that there still appeared something\nof his shadow in the former place. He then came to those who were\nnaked. They were seen walking together by twos, husband and wife, girt\nwith a girdle about the loins, and some sort of covering around the\nhead. That spirit, when he was with them, was led into the state in\nwhich he had been in the world when he was disposed to preach, and\nthen he said he would preach before them the Lord crucified; but they\nsaid they would not hear such a thing, because they did not know what\nit was, but that they knew that the Lord lives. He then said he would\npreach the Lord living; but this too they refused, saying that they\napperceived in his speech something not heavenly, because it had much\nrespect to himself, and his own fame and honour; and that they could\nhear from the tone of voice whether what was said came from the heart\nor not; and that, as he was of such a character, he was unable to\nteach them; wherefore he was silent. During his life in the world he\nhad been extremely pathetic, so that he could deeply move his hearers\nto holiness; but this pathetic manner had been acquired by art, thus\nfrom self and the world, and not from heaven.\n\n163. They said, moreover, that they have a perception whether the\nConjugial is with those of their clan who are naked; and it was shown\nthat they perceive this by virtue of a spiritual idea concerning\nmarriage, which idea being communicated to me was to the effect, that\na likeness of the interiors was formed by the conjunction of good and\ntruth, consequently of love and faith, and that from that conjunction\ndescending by influx into the body conjugial love comes into\nexistence. For all things which belong to the mind (_animus_) are\nexhibited in some natural form in the body, consequently in the form\nof conjugial love, when the interiors of two mutually love each other,\nand from that love also desire to will and to think the one as the\nother, and thus to be together and be conjoined as to the interiors\nwhich are of the mind (_mens_). Hence the spiritual affection, which\nis of the minds, becomes natural affection in the body, and clothes\nitself with the sense of conjugial love. The spiritual affection\nwhich is of the minds is the affection of good and truth, and of their\nconjunction; for all things of the mind, or of the thought and will,\nhave relation to truth and good. They also said that it is quite\nimpossible for the Conjugial to exist between one man and several\nwives, since the marriage of good and truth, which pertains to the\nminds, can exist only between two.\n\n164. After this, the spirit already spoken of came to those who were\nnaked, but whose bodies were flame-coloured; and lastly, to those who\nwere black, some of whom were naked and some clothed; but the latter\nand the former dwelt in a different part of the same earth; for a\nspirit may be led in an instant to places far asunder on an earth,\nsince he does not proceed and advance like man through spaces, but\nthrough changes of state (see above, nos. 125, 127)[ss].\n\n165. I lastly conversed with the spirits of that earth concerning\nthe belief of the inhabitants of our Earth on the subject of the\nresurrection, in that they cannot conceive that men come into the\nother life immediately after death, and then appear as men as to the\nface, the body, the arms, the feet, and all the external and internal\nsenses; still less that they are then clothed in garments, and have\nmansions and dwelling-places; and that the sole reason of this is that\nmost persons here think from the sensuals which belong to the body,\nand therefore believe in the existence of nothing but what they see\nand touch; and that few of them can be withdrawn from external sensual\nthings to interior things, and thus be elevated into the light of\nheaven, in which such things are perceived. Hence it is, that they can\nhave no idea of their soul or spirit as of a man, but as of wind, or\nair, or a breath without form, in which there is yet something vital.\nThis is the reason why they do not believe they shall rise again till\nthe end of the world, which they call the Last Judgment, when the\nbody, though mouldered into dust, and scattered by every wind, will be\nbrought together again and conjoined to its soul or spirit. I added,\nthat it is permitted them to believe this, since those who, as was\nsaid, think from external sensual things, can conceive no otherwise\nthan that the soul or spirit cannot live as a man in a human form,\nunless it receive again that body which it carried about in the world;\nwherefore, unless it were asserted that the body will rise again, they\nwould reject from their heart as incomprehensible the doctrine of\nthe resurrection and of eternal life. But nevertheless this thought\nconcerning the resurrection has this advantage with it, that it leads\nthem to believe in a life after death, a consequence of which belief\nis, that when they lie on a sick bed, and do not, as theretofore,\nthink from worldly and corporeal things, thus not from sensual\nthings, they then believe that they shall live immediately after their\ndecease; they then also speak of heaven, and of the hope of a life\nthere immediately after death, quite apart from their doctrinal\nconcerning the Last Judgment. I related further, that sometimes it had\nbeen matter of surprise to me, that when those who are in faith speak\nof a life after death, and of their friends and relatives who are\ndying or dead, and do not at the same time think about the Last\nJudgment, they believe that they will live or are living as men\nimmediately on their decease. But as soon as thought concerning the\nLast Judgment flows in, this idea is changed into the material idea\nconcerning their earthly body, that it is again to be conjoined to\ntheir soul; for they do not know that every man is a spirit as to his\ninteriors, and that this it is which lives in the body and in each of\nits parts, and not the body which lives of itself; and that it is the\nspirit of every one from which his body has its human form, and which,\nconsequently, is principally the man, and in a similar form, but\ninvisible to the eyes of the body, yet visible to the eyes of spirits.\nHence also, when the sight of a man's spirit is opened, which is\neffected by the removal of the bodily sight, angels appear as men: in\nthis manner angels appeared to the ancients, as recorded in the\nWord. I have also sometimes spoken with spirits, with whom I had been\nacquainted when they lived as men in the world, and I have asked\nthem whether they had any inclination to be clothed again with their\nearthly bodies, as they used to think would be the case. But they fled\nfar away at the very idea of such a conjunction, being smitten with\namazement that, while in the world, they should have thought in\nthis manner under the influence of so blind a belief, devoid of all\nunderstanding.\n\n166. Moreover, on that earth I saw the dwellings of the inhabitants:\nthey were lowly houses, extended in length, with windows at the sides,\naccording to the number of the rooms or chambers into which they were\ndivided. The roof was arched, and there was a door on each side at\nthe end. They told me that they were built of earth, and covered with\nturf; and that the windows were formed of filaments of grass woven\ntogether in such a manner that the light shone through. I also saw\nlittle children; and the inhabitants told me that their neighbours\ncome to them, especially for the sake of the little children, that\nthey may be in company with other children in the presence and under\nthe direction of their parents. There also appeared fields becoming\nwhite with standing crops that were at that time nearly ripe for\nharvest. The seeds or grains of that corn were shown me, and they were\nlike grains of Chinese wheat: I was also shown some bread made from\nit, which was in small square loaves. There also appeared plains\nof grass adorned with flowers; also trees laden with fruit like\npomegranates; also shrubs, which were not vines, but still produced\nberries from which they prepare wine.\n\n167. The sun of that earth, which is to us a star, appears there\nflaming, in size almost a fourth part of our sun. Their year is about\ntwo hundred days, and each day fifteen hours, relatively to the length\nof days on our Earth. The earth itself is one of the least in\nthe starry heaven, being scarcely five hundred German miles in\ncircumference. The angels stated these particulars from a comparison\nmade with things of the like kind on our Earth, which they saw in\nme, or in my memory. Their conclusions were formed by angelic ideas,\nwhereby are instantly known the measures of spaces and times, in a\njust proportion relatively to spaces and times elsewhere. Angelic\nideas, which are spiritual, in such calculations immensely surpass\nhuman ideas, which are natural.\n\n\n\n\nTHE FIFTH EARTH IN THE STARRY HEAVEN, AND ITS SPIRITS AND INHABITANTS.\n\n\n168. I was led to yet another earth in the universe beyond our solar\nsystem, and on this occasion also by changes of state continued for\nnearly twelve hours. In company with me were several spirits and\nangels from our Earth, with whom I conversed during this voyage or\nprogression. I was carried at times obliquely upwards and obliquely\ndownwards, continually towards the right, which in the other life is\ntowards the south. In two places only did I see spirits, and in one I\nspoke with them. During this journey or progression I was permitted\nto observe how immense was the Lord's heaven, which is designed for\nangels and spirits; for from the parts uninhabited I was enabled\nto conclude that it was so immense that, supposing there were many\nmyriads of earths, and on each earth as great a multitude of human\nbeings as on our own, there would still be a place of abode for them\nto eternity, and it would never be filled. This I was enabled to\nconclude from a comparison made with the [inhabited] extent of the\nheaven which is about our Earth and designed for it, which extent was\nso small relatively, as not to equal one ten-thousand-thousandth part\nof the extent uninhabited.\n\n169. When the angelic spirits who were from that earth came into view,\nthey accosted us, asking who we were, and what we wanted. We told them\nthat we were travelling, that we had been transported thither, and\nthat they had nothing to fear from us. For they were afraid that we\nwere of those who disturb them concerning God, faith, and kindred\nsubjects, on account of whom they had betaken themselves to that\nquarter of their earth, shunning them as much as possible. We asked\nthem by what they were disturbed. They replied, by the idea of Three,\nand by the idea of the Divine without the Human in God, when they yet\nknow and perceive that God is one, and that He is man. It was then\nperceived that those who disturbed them, and whom they shunned, were\nfrom our Earth: this was manifest also from this consideration, that\nthere are spirits from our Earth who thus wander about in the other\nlife, in consequence of their fondness for and delight in travelling,\nwhich they have contracted in the world; for on other earths there is\nno such custom of travelling as on ours. It was afterwards discovered\nthat they were monks, who had travelled on our globe from a desire\nto convert the gentiles. We therefore told them that they did well to\nshun them, because their intention was, not to teach, but to secure\ngain and dominion; and that they strive by various means first to\ncaptivate men's minds (_animi_), and afterwards to subject them to\nthemselves as slaves: moreover, that they did well in not suffering\ntheir idea concerning God to be disturbed by such spirits. They said\nfurther, that these spirits also confuse them by asserting that they\nought to have faith, and to believe what they say; but that their\nreply to them is, that they do not know what faith or believing means,\nsince they perceive in themselves whether a thing be so or not. They\nwere of the Lord's celestial kingdom, where all know by interior\nperception the truths which with us are called the truths of faith,\nfor they are in enlightenment from the Lord; but it is otherwise with\nthose who are in the spiritual kingdom. That the angelic spirits of\nthat earth were of the Lord's celestial kingdom, I could also see from\nthe flame whence their ideas flowed; for in the celestial kingdom the\nlight is flaming, and in the spiritual kingdom it is bright white.\nThey who are of the celestial kingdom, when the discourse is about\ntruths, say no more than Yea, yea, or Nay, nay, and never reason about\nthem whether they be so or not. These are they of whom the Lord says,\n\"_Let your discourse be Yea, yea, Nay, nay; what is beyond this is of\nevil_\" [(Matt. v. 37)]. Hence it was that those spirits said that they\ndid not know what it is to have faith or to believe. They consider\nthis to be like one saying to his companion, who with his own eyes\nsees houses or trees, that he ought to have faith or to believe that\nthey are houses and trees, when he sees clearly that they are so. Such\nare they who are of the Lord's celestial kingdom, and such were these\nangelic spirits[aaa]. We told them that few on our Earth have interior\nperception, because in their youth they learn truths, and do not\npractise them. For man has two faculties, which are called the\nunderstanding and the will; they who admit truths no further than into\nthe memory, and thence in some degree into the understanding, but not\ninto the life, that is, into the will, these, inasmuch as they cannot\nbe in any enlightenment or interior sight from the Lord, say that\nthose truths ought to be believed, or that man ought to have faith in\nthem; and they also reason about them whether they be truths or\nnot; nay, they are not willing that they should be perceived by any\ninterior sight, or by any enlightenment by the understanding. They say\nthis, because truths with them are without light from heaven, and\nto those who see without light from heaven, falsities may appear as\ntruths, and truths as falsities. Hence so great blindness has fallen\non many on our Earth, that although a man does not practise truths or\nlive according to them, they say nevertheless that he may be saved by\nfaith alone, as if a man were not man from the life and according to\nit, but from the knowledge of such things as belong to faith, apart\nfrom the life. We afterwards conversed with them concerning the Lord,\nconcerning love to Him, love towards the neighbour, and regeneration;\nsaying, that loving the Lord consists in loving the precepts which are\nfrom Him, that is, in living according to them from love[bbb]; that\nlove towards the neighbour consists in willing good and thence doing\ngood to a fellow-citizen, to one's country, to the church, to the\nLord's kingdom, not for the selfish end of being seen or acquiring\nmerit, but from the affection of good[ccc]. Concerning regeneration,\nwe observed that they who are being regenerated by the Lord, and\nwho commit truths immediately to the life, come into an interior\nperception concerning them; but that those who receive truths first in\nthe memory, and afterwards will them and do them, are those who are in\nfaith; for they act from faith, which is then called conscience. These\nthings, they said, they perceived to be so, and therefore perceived\nalso what faith is. I conversed with them by means of spiritual ideas,\nby which such subjects may be exhibited and comprehended in light.\n\n[Footnote aaa: Heaven is distinguished into two kingdoms, one of which\nis called the celestial kingdom, the other the spiritual kingdom,\nnos. 3887, 4138. The angels in the celestial kingdom have vastly more\nknowledge and wisdom than the angels in the spiritual kingdom, no.\n2718. The celestial angels do not think and speak from faith, like the\nspiritual angels, but from an internal perception that a thing is so,\nnos. 202, 597, 607, 784, 1121, 1387, 1398, 1442, 1919, 7680, 7877,\n8780. The celestial angels say only concerning the truths of faith,\nYea, yea, or Nay, nay, but the spiritual angels reason whether a thing\nbe so or not so, nos. 202, 337, 2715, 3246, 4448, 9166.]\n\n[Footnote bbb: Loving the Lord means living according to His\ncommandments, nos. 10143, 10153, 10310, 10578, 10645.]\n\n[Footnote ccc: Loving the neighbour consists in doing what is good,\njust, and right, in every work and in every function, from the\naffection of what is good, just, and right, nos. 8120, 8121, 8123,\n10310, 10336. A life of love towards the neighbour is a life according\nto the Lord's precepts, no. 3249.]\n\n170. The spirits with whom I had now spoken were from the northern\npart of their earth. I was afterwards led to others who were on the\nwestern part. These also, wishing to examine who and what I was;\nimmediately said that there was nothing in me but evil, thinking that\nthus I might be deterred from approaching nearer. I apperceived that\nthis was their manner of accosting all who come to them. But it was\ngiven me to reply that I well knew it to be so, and that in them\nlikewise there was nothing but evil, by reason that every one is born\ninto evil, and therefore whatever comes from man, spirit, or angel,\nas from what is his own, or from his proprium, is nothing but evil;\ninasmuch as all the good that is in every one, is from the Lord.\nHence they apperceived that I was in the truth, and I was admitted to\nconverse with them. They then showed me their idea concerning evil in\nman, and concerning good from the Lord, how they are separated from\neach other. They placed one near the other, almost contiguous, but\nstill distinct, yet as if bound in an inexpressible manner, so that\nthe good led the evil, and restrained it, insomuch that it was not\nallowed to act at pleasure; and that thus the good bent the evil in\nwhatever direction it desired, without the evil knowing anything of\nit. In this manner they exhibited the dominion of good over evil,\nand at the same time a state of freedom. They then asked how the Lord\nappeared amongst the angels from our Earth. I said that He appeared\nin the sun as a Man, encompassed therein with a fiery solar [sphere],\nfrom which the angels in the heavens derive all light; and that the\nheat which proceeds thence is the Divine Good, and that the light\nwhich proceeds thence is the Divine Truth, both from the Divine Love,\nwhich is the fiery [sphere] appearing around the Lord in that sun;\nbut that that sun only appears to the angels in heaven, and not to\nthe spirits who are beneath, since the latter are more remote from\nthe reception of the good of love and of the truth of faith, than the\nangels who are in the heavens (see above, no. 40). It was given them\nthus to inquire concerning the Lord, and concerning His appearance\nbefore the angels from our Earth, because it pleased the Lord then to\nbecome present among them, and to reduce into order the things which\nhad been disturbed there by the evil spirits of whom they complained.\nThe reason also why I was led thither, was in order that I might be an\neye-witness of these things.\n\n171. There was then seen a dark cloud towards the east descending from\non high, which in its descent appeared by degrees full of light and\nin the human form. At length this [human form] appeared in a flaming\nradiance, encompassed with small stars of the same colour. Thus the\nLord presented Himself before the spirits with whom I was conversing.\nAt His presence all the spirits who were there were instantly\ngathered together from every side; and when they were come, they were\nseparated, the good from the evil, the good to the right and the evil\nto the left, and this in an instant as of their own accord. Those on\nthe right were arranged in order according to the quality of the good,\nand those on the left according to the quality of the evil, with\nthem: they who were good remained to form among themselves a heavenly\nsociety; but the evil were cast into the hells. Afterwards I saw that\nthat flaming radiance descended to the lower parts of the earth there\nto a considerable depth, and then it appeared at one time in a flaming\n[lustre] verging to luminosity, at another time in a luminosity\nverging into obscurity, and at another in obscurity: and I was told by\nthe angels that that appearance is according to the reception of truth\nfrom good, and of falsity from evil, with those who inhabit the lower\nparts of that earth, and that the flaming radiance itself was subject\nto no such variations. They also said, that the lower parts of that\nearth were inhabited both by the good and by the evil; but that they\nwere thoroughly separated, to the end that the evil might be ruled\nby the Lord through the good. They added, that the good are by turns\nelevated thence into heaven by the Lord, and that others succeed in\ntheir place, and so on perpetually. In that descent, the good were\nseparated from the evil in like manner, and all things were reduced\nto order; for the evil, by various arts and cunning contrivances,\nhad intruded themselves into the dwellings of the good there, and had\ninfested them; and this was the cause of the present visitation. That\ncloud, which in descending appeared by degrees full of light and in\nthe human form, and afterwards as a flaming radiance, was an angelic\nsociety, in whose midst the Lord was. From this it was given me to\nknow what is meant by the Lord's words in the Gospels, where, speaking\nof the Last Judgment, He says, \"_That He would come with the angels\nin the clouds of heaven, with glory and power_\" [(Matt. xxiv. 30; Mark\nxiii. 26; Luke xxi. 27)].\n\n172. After this were seen some monkish spirits, those, namely,\nwho have already been spoken of as having been travelling monks or\nmissionaries in the world; and there was also seen a crowd of spirits\nwho were from that earth, most of them evil, whom they had drawn over\nto their side, and led astray. These were seen on the eastern quarter\nof that earth, from whence they had driven away the good, who betook\nthemselves to the northern side of the earth, and of whom we have\nspoken above. That crowd, together with their seducers, were collected\ntogether to the number of some thousands, and were separated; the evil\nof that crowd were cast into the hells. It was also given me to speak\nwith one spirit who was a monk, and to ask him what he did there.\nHe replied that he taught them concerning the Lord. I asked, what\nbesides. He said, concerning heaven and hell. I asked, what further.\nHe said, concerning faith in all that he should say. I asked again,\nif he taught anything else. He said, concerning the power of remitting\nsins, and of opening and shutting heaven. He was then examined as to\nwhat he knew concerning the Lord, the truths of faith, the remission\nof sins, man's salvation, and heaven and hell; and it was discovered\nthat he knew scarcely anything, that he was in obscurity and falsity\nconcerning all and each of these subjects, and that he was possessed\nsolely by the lust of acquiring gain and dominion, which he had\ncontracted in the world and brought with him from thence. He was\ntherefore told that as he had, prompted by that lust, travelled\nthus far, and as he was such in regard to doctrine, he could not but\ndeprive the spirits of that earth of heavenly light, and inflict on\nthem the darkness of hell, and thus cause hell, and not the Lord, to\nhave dominion with them. Moreover, he was cunning in seducing, but\nstupid as to the things relating to heaven. As he was of such a\ncharacter, he was afterwards cast into hell. Thus the spirits of that\nearth were freed of them.\n\n173. The spirits of that earth, amongst other things, also said that\nthose strangers, who, as has been said, were monkish spirits, used all\ntheir endeavours to persuade them to live together in society, and not\nseparate and solitary. For spirits and angels dwell and live together\njust as they had done in the world. Those who have dwelt together\ncollectively in the world, also dwell collectively together in the\nother life; and those who have dwelt separated into households and\nfamilies, also dwell separated there. These spirits, whilst they had\nlived as men on their earth, had dwelt separated, every household and\nfamily, and thus every clan, apart, and therefore knew not what it was\nto dwell together in society. Wherefore, when it was told them that\nthose strangers wanted to persuade them to this, in order that they\nmight reign and rule over them, and that they could not otherwise\nsubject them to themselves and make them slaves, they replied that\nthey were totally ignorant what was meant by reigning and ruling. That\nthey flee away at the bare idea of rule and domination, was manifest\nto me from this circumstance, that one of them, who accompanied us on\nthe return journey, when I showed him the city in which I dwelt, at\nthe first sight of it fled away, and was seen no more.\n\n174. I then conversed with the angels who were with me, concerning\ndominion, that there are two kinds of dominion, one, of love towards\nthe neighbour, and the other, of the love of self; and that the\ndominion of love towards the neighbour exists among those who dwell\nseparated into households, families, and clans: but the dominion of\nthe love of self among those who dwell together in society. Among\nthose who live separated into households, families, and clans, he who\nis the father of the clan bears rule, and under him the fathers of\nfamilies, and under these the fathers of each household. He is called\nthe father of the clan, from whom the families are derived, and the\nhouseholds of which the families are composed. But all these exercise\ndominion from love, like the love of a father towards his children,\nwho teaches them how they ought to live, provides for their good, and\nas far as possible gives to them of what is his own. It never enters\ninto his mind to subject them to himself, as subjects or as servants,\nbut he loves that they should obey him as sons obey their father. And\nsince this love, as is known, increases in descending, therefore the\nfather of a clan acts from a more inward love than the father himself\nfrom whom the children are immediately descended. Such also is the\ndominion in the heavens, because such is the Lord's dominion; for His\ndominion is from Divine Love towards the whole human race. But the\ndominion of the love of self, which is opposite to the dominion of\nlove towards the neighbour, began when man alienated himself from the\nLord; for in proportion as a man does not love and worship the\nLord, in that proportion he loves and worships himself, and in\nthat proportion also he loves the world. Then it was that, from the\nnecessity for self-preservation, clans consisting of families\nand households gathered themselves into one body, and established\ngovernments under various forms. For in proportion as that love\nincreased, in the same proportion evils of every kind, as, enmity,\nenvy, hatred, revenge, cruelty and deceit, increased with it, being\ndirected against all who opposed that love; for from the proprium, in\nwhich those are who are in the love of self, nothing but evil springs,\ninasmuch as man's proprium is nothing but evil, and, as the proprium\nis evil, it is not receptive of good from heaven: therefore the love\nof self, when it is the reigning love, is the father of all such\nevils[ddd]; and that love is also of such a nature, that in proportion\nas it is left without restraint, it rushes on until at length each one\nwho is of such a character wants to have dominion over all others in\nthe whole globe, and wishes to possess all the goods of the others;\nnay, it is not even content with this, but would have dominion over\nthe whole heaven; as may appear from the case of modern Babylon. Such\nthen is the dominion of the love of self, from which the dominion of\nlove towards the neighbour differs as much as heaven does from hell.\nBut notwithstanding that the dominion of the love of self is such in\nsocieties, or in kingdoms and empires, there nevertheless exists even\nin these a dominion of love towards the neighbour among those who are\nwise from faith in and love to God, for these love the neighbour. That\nin the heavens also these dwell distinguished into clans, families,\nand households, although in societies together, but according to\nspiritual affinities which have relation to the good of love and the\ntruth of faith, will, by the Lord's Divine mercy, be stated elsewhere.\n\n[Footnote ddd: Man's proprium, which he derives from his parents, is\nnothing but dense evil, nos. 210, 215, 731, 874, 876, 987, 1047, 2307,\n2308, 3518, 3701, 3812, 8480, 8550, 10283, 10284, 10286, 10731. Man's\nproprium consists in loving himself more than God, and the world more\nthan heaven, and in holding his neighbour of no account in respect to\nhimself, except it be for the sake of himself, consequently [in making\nmuch of] himself; thus it consists of the love of self and of the\nworld, nos. 694, 731, 4317, 5660. All evils flow from the love of self\nand of the world, when these predominate, nos. 1307, 1308, 1321, 1594,\n1691, 3413, 7255, 7376, 7488, 8318, 9335, 9348, 10038, 10742. These\nevils are contempt of others, enmity, hatred, revenge, cruelty,\ndeceit, nos. 6667, 7372-7374, 9348, 10038, 10742. And from these evils\nall falsity flows, nos. 1047, 10283, 10284, 10286.]\n\n175. I afterwards questioned those spirits concerning various things\nin the earth from which they were; and first, concerning their Divine\nworship, and concerning revelation. Concerning the Divine worship,\nthey said that clans, with their families, meet together every\nthirtieth day, in one place, and hear preaching; and that on these\noccasions the preacher, from a pulpit raised a little from the\nground, teaches them the Divine truths which lead to the good of life.\nConcerning revelation, they said that it is made early in the morning\nin a state midway between sleeping and wakefulness, when they are in\nan interior light not as yet interfered with by the bodily senses and\nworldly things; that on such occasions they hear the angels of heaven\nspeaking concerning Divine truths, and a life according to them; and\nthat when they are quite awake, an angel in a white garment appears\nto them by the bed, and then suddenly disappears from their sight; and\nthat by this they know that what they have heard is from heaven. Thus\na Divine vision is distinguished from a vision which is not Divine;\nfor in a vision which is not Divine no angel appears. They added,\nthat in such a manner revelations are made with their preachers, and\nsometimes also with others.\n\n176. On questioning them concerning their houses, they said that they\nare lowly, built of wood, with a flat roof, having a cornice sloping\ndownwards; and that in front dwell the husband and wife, in the next\nchamber the children, and the maid-servants and men-servants at the\nback. With regard to food, they said that they drink milk with water;\nand that they get the milk from cows, which are woolly like sheep.\nConcerning their [mode of] life, they said that they go naked, and\nthat to them nakedness is not a matter of shame; also that their\nhabitual association is with those who are within their own families.\n\n177. Concerning the sun of that earth, they related that it appears to\nthe inhabitants of a flame-colour; that the time of their year is two\nhundred days, and that a day equals nine hours of our time, which they\ncould conclude from the length of the days of our Earth perceived in\nme; and further, that they have a perpetual spring and summer, and\nconsequently that the fields are ever blooming, and the trees are ever\nbearing fruit: the reason why the case is thus is, that their year\nis so short, being equal to the time of only seventy-five days of our\nyear; and when the years are so short, the cold does not continue long\nin winter nor the heat in summer, and the ground in consequence is in\na continual state of verdancy.\n\n178. Concerning betrothals and marriages on that earth, they related\nthat a daughter, when she approaches a marriageable age, is kept at\nhome, nor is she allowed to go out till the day she is to be married;\nand that she is then conducted to a certain connubial house, where\nseveral other marriageable young women are also brought; that they are\nthere placed behind a screen, which reaches as high as the middle of\nthe body, so that they appear naked as to the breast and face; that\non such occasions the young men come there to choose for themselves a\nwife; and that when a young man sees a young woman suitable for him,\nand to whom his mind (_animus_) draws him, he takes her by the\nhand. If she then follows him, he leads her to a house that has\nbeen prepared, and she becomes his wife. For they see from the faces\nwhether they agree in disposition (_animus_), since on that earth\nevery one's face is an index of the disposition (_animus_), and\ndisguises and counterfeits nothing. In order that everything may be\ndone with decency and without lasciviousness, an old man is seated\nbehind the young virgins, and an elderly woman at their side, to\nwatch. There are many such places to which the young women are\nconducted; and there are also stated times for the young men to make\ntheir choice; for if they do not find a girl to suit them at one\nplace, they go to another; and if not at one time, they return again\nat another. They said further, that a husband has only one wife, and\nnever more than one, because this is contrary to Divine order.\n\n\n\n\nINDEX OF SUBJECTS.\n\n_The numbers refer to the paragraph, not to the pages. The footnotes\nare referred to as part of the text._\n\n  ACT. See ENDEAVOUR.\n\n  ADORATION. See under WORSHIP.\n\n  AFFECTIONS, angels enter into man's, 11;\n    manifested by the countenance, 54;\n    how spiritual affection becomes natural affection, 163;\n    affection of thought, 88.\n\n  AGREEMENT of life conjoins, 127[2].\n\n  ANALYTICAL SCIENCE, 38[4].\n\n  ANGEL. See under SPIRITS.\n    Difference between celestial and spiritual angels, 169[2].\n\n  ANIMALS, instinct of, 96;\n    how man becomes like a brute animal, 58[2].\n\n  ANIMUS. See MIND.\n\n  ANXIETY arises from collision of spheres, 148.\n\n  APPARITION of a flame, 21;\n    of a face, 76;\n    of an old man, 76;\n    of a bald head, 84.\n\n  APPEARANCE of spirits and angels on our Earth, 160;\n    why it no longer takes place, 160.\n\n  ARCHITECTURE, 151.\n\n  ARISTOTLE, 38[3].\n\n  ATHANASIAN CREED quoted, 159[3].\n\n  ATMOSPHERE of the Moon, 111.\n\n\n  BABYLON, modern, 174[2].\n\n  BALD HEAD, apparition of, 84.\n\n  BETROTHALS, 178.\n\n  BIRDS, signification of, 33, 94[3];\n    instinct of, 96;\n    bird of stone, 94-96.\n\n  BLUE, correspondence of, 83.\n\n  BODY (The) is only of use in this world, 123;\n    soul and body, 159[3].\n\n  BRUTE ANIMAL, how man becomes like, 58[2].\n\n  BUTTERFLIES, 79[3].\n\n\n  CATERPILLARS, 79[3].\n\n  CELESTIAL and spiritual kingdom and angels, 169[2].\n\n  CEREBRUM and cerebellum, 88.\n\n  CHANGES of colours, 94[3];\n    of state, 125, 157, 164.\n\n  CHARIOTS, signification of, 82.\n\n  CHASMS, 128, 129.\n\n  CHASTISING SPIRITS, 72-78.\n\n  CHIMNEY-SWEEPERS, 79.\n\n  CHOIRS, 61[3].\n\n  CHURCH, difference between celestial and spiritual, 85.\n\n  CLOUDS, 149, 171.\n\n  COLD, 63, 78.\n\n  COLOURS, signification of, 94[3].\n\n  COMFORTER, 159[2].\n\n  COMMUNICATION, mutual, of all things in heaven, 15, 25, 36;\n    of men with spirits, 71;\n    with heaven, how and when closed, 71;\n    with heaven, on Mars, 90;\n    communications are effected by Subjects, 95[2].\n\n  CONCEIT, of spirits of Mercury, 16, 37;\n    impairs perception, 62[2].\n\n  CONJUGIAL (The), 163.\n\n  CONJUNCTION with the Lord, how effected, 123, 142;\n    of natural things and heavenly things, 156.\n\n  CONSOCIATIONS are effected according to spheres, 64;\n    with angels, conditions of, 123.\n\n  CORRESPONDENCE of heaven and the Lord, and of man and heaven, 5,\n          156.\n\n  COUNTERFEITING, its effect on the face, 53.\n\n  CREATION, the end of, is man, 112, 126.\n\n  CRYSTALS, 19.\n\n\n  DANCER, 38[4].\n\n  DANGER of intercourse with spirits, 1.\n\n  DEVIL, 154.\n\n  DISAGREEMENT of life disjoins, 127[2].\n\n  DISSOCIATIONS are effected according to spheres, 64.\n\n  DISTANCES in their origin are changes of state, 125;\n    in the other life are real appearances, 86;\n    how circumstanced, 135, 138;\n    distance results from unlikeness of state, 135.\n\n  DIVINE TRUTH appears in heaven as light, 41, 131;\n    all things were created through the Divine Truth, 122.\n\n  DIVINE TRUTH proceeding from the Lord is the Word, 122.\n\n  DIVINE Worship. See under WORSHIP.\n\n  DOCTRINE, all, from the Word, 82.\n\n  DOMINION of good over evil, 170.\n    The two kinds of dominion, 174.\n\n  DRESS, its use and abuse, 62[4].\n\n  DWARFS, 111[2].\n\n\n  EAGLES, 140.\n\n  EARTH (Our), ignorance on, 27, 169[3];\n    character of spirits of, 39, 61, 62, 66, 98, 99, 158, 169;\n    the spirits of, in the Grand Man, relate to the various\n          functions of the exterior parts of the body, 64;\n    to the external sense, 89;\n    to natural and corporeal sense, 102[2];\n    to natural and external sense, 122;\n    to external sense, thus to the corporeal Sensual, 148;\n    corporeal things loved on, 155.\n\n  EARTHS in the universe, 2, 3, 6, 26;\n    not visible in the other life, 47;\n    spirits are near their own earth, 1, 42, 47, 139;\n    where there is an earth, there is man, 112;\n    earths are only apparently distant in the other world, 135.\n    See also PLANETS.\n\n  ELIJAH, 82.\n\n  EMISSARY spirits, 95[2].\n\n  EMPIRES, origin of, 49[2], 90[2], 174[3].\n\n  ENDEAVOUR and act, 159[3].\n\n  ENSIFORM cartilage, 111[4].\n\n  ESSE and existere, 159[3].\n\n  EUROPEAN spirits, 61[2].\n\n  EUSTACHIAN tube, 87.\n\n  EVIL shows up good, 77;\n    every man born into evil, 170;\n    evils all flow from the love of self, 174[2].\n\n  EXTERNALS (The) of life are kept closed after death, and the\n          internals of life are opened, 80.\n\n  EYE, its correspondence, 22.\n\n\n  FACES, on Jupiter, 52;\n    effect of counterfeiting on the face, 53;\n    how changed in course of time, 54[3], 88;\n    apparition of a face, 76;\n    when it acts in unity with the thought, 88;\n    in ancient times the face received influx from the cerebellum, 88.\n\n  FAITH, no, with mere professors, 39;\n    compelled faith does not inhere, 160.\n\n  FALSITY, all, flows from evil, 174[2].\n    See also TRUTHS.\n\n  FEAR can be excited in anyone by evil spirits, 72.\n\n  FIRE, its signification in the Word, 52[4];\n    infernal fire, 52[4];\n    the fiery [sphere] around the Lord in the spiritual Sun, 170[2].\n\n  FLAME, apparition of a, 21;\n    signification of, 94[3];\n    flaming object, 94;\n    flaming radiance, 171.\n\n  FOOD should be prepared with a view to use, 58.\n\n\n  GENIUS of men, how known, 80.\n\n  GENTILES in the other life, 118.\n\n  GIANTS on Venus, 108.\n\n  GLORIFICATION by choirs, 61[3].\n\n  GOD cannot be comprehended except under the Human Form, 7;\n    uncomprehended, cannot be believed in, 118;\n    under the Human Form is the Lord, 121.\n\n  GOLDEN Age, 49.\n\n  GOOD is known from evil, 77.\n\n  GOODNESS of disposition, how manifested, 50.\n\n  GOVERNING spirits of Jupiter, 72, 73.\n\n  GOVERNMENTS unknown on other earths, 143;\n    origin of, 49[4], 90[2], 174[2].\n\n  GRAND MAN, constitution of, 9.\n\n  GUARDS, 128.\n\n  GULFS, 128.\n\n\n  HAND, signification of, 94[3].\n\n  HAPPINESS of the angels is from mutual communication of their\n          goods, 15.\n\n  HARLOTS on other earths, 147.\n\n  HEAT signifies love, 41;\n    does not arise from nearness to the sun, 45.\n    The heat and light from the spiritual sun, 170[2].\n\n  HEAVEN corresponds to the Lord, 5;\n    before the Lord it is a Man in a large effigy, called the Grand\n          Man, 5;\n    its immensity, 5, 168;\n    resembles one Man, 9;\n    how it became removed from man, 49[4];\n    is the end of creation, 112, 126;\n    is distinguished into two kingdoms, 169[2].\n\n  HORSES, signification of, 60, 82.\n    The \"White Horse,\" 60, 82.\n\n  HUMAN. How the Lord made His Human Divine, 159[3].\n\n  HUMAN FORM (The) is the form of the Divine, 121, 159;\n    of heaven, 5;\n    of every angel and spirit, 1, 123.\n    Adoration of God under the Human Form, 7.\n\n  HUMAN RACE (The) is from numberless earths, 2;\n    is the seminary of heaven, 3, 30.\n\n  HUMILIATION of spirits of Mercury, 37;\n    of spirits of Mars, 91[3].\n\n  HYPOCRISY is not allowed in the other life, 54[3].\n\n\n  IDEAS, material, 38;\n    angelic, 167;\n    spiritual, 169[4];\n    are open in the other life, 158[2];\n    importance of the idea concerning God, 158[2].\n\n  IDOLATERS, 142.\n\n  IMAGINATIVE [part or faculty] of thought, 64.\n\n  IMMENSITY of heaven, 5, 168.\n\n  INFESTATION by spirits, 61[2].\n\n  INFLUX manifests quality, 50;\n    is spiritual, 102[5].\n\n  INSTINCT, 96.\n\n  INSTRUCTING spirits of Jupiter, 72-78.\n\n  INSTRUMENTAL and principal, 159[3].\n\n  INTELLECT (The) is according to the reception of light, 131.\n\n  INTERNALS. See under EXTERNALS.\n\n\n  JESUITS, 61[2].\n\n  JUPITER (The planet), 46-84.\n    Population and fertility, 48.\n    Goodness and wisdom of the inhabitants, 49, 62;\n    their care of their faces, 53, 54;\n    their manner of walking, 55;\n    their nakedness, 56;\n    their position in bed, 57;\n    their repasts, 58;\n    their Divine Worship, 65-69;\n    representation of spirits and angels in the Grand Man, 64;\n    their perception, 67;\n    intercourse between inhabitants and spirits, 70-78;\n    chastising and instructing spirits, 72-78;\n    angels of their interior heaven, and their different kinds of\n          speech, 80;\n    how their spirits become angels, 82, 88;\n    how they die, 84;\n    their age, 84[2].\n\n\n  KEENNESS of vision, 140.\n\n  KINGDOMS, origin of, 49[4], 90[2], 174[2];\n    celestial and spiritual, 169[2].\n\n  KNEE, 156.\n\n  KNOWLEDGES have respect to uses, 18;\n    are only instrumental means, 18;\n    their communication among spirits of Mercury, 25.\n\n\n  LAMBS, signification of, 33, 34.\n\n  LAMPS, signification of, 33.\n\n  LAST JUDGMENT, 165, 171[3].\n\n  LEARNED in the other life, 38[2], 67, 114.\n\n  LIFE, the, follows every one after death, 30, 51;\n    man can be let into former state of life, 38[3];\n    life itself is actually derived from love, 52[4];\n    those only have spiritual life who are in heavenly love, 96;\n    state of life, 135.\n\n  LIGHT signifies wisdom, 41;\n    in heaven, 41, 131;\n    the light of this world is darkness to spirits, 135[2];\n    the light of heaven enlightens the understanding of angels, 41,\n    but is darkness to man, 135[2];\n    light in the celestial and spiritual kingdoms, 169[2];\n    the light from the spiritual sun is the Divine Truth, 170.\n\n  LIKENESS of life conjoins, 127[2].\n\n  LIPS, speech by the, 53, 54.\n\n  LOGICIANS, 38[2].\n\n  LONGITUDINAL SINUS, 95[2].\n\n  LORD (The) is the sun of heaven, 40, 170;\n    is the only God, 98, 99;\n    seen in the midst of the sun by spirits of Mercury, of our\n          Earth, and of Jupiter, 40, 170;\n    by spirits of Mars, 91;\n    seen under an angelic form by spirits of Saturn, 98.\n\n  LOVE is the fire of life, 52[4];\n    a love contains in itself all power of knowing, 96;\n    parental love grows in descending, 174;\n    celestial and spiritual love, 94[3];\n    conjugial love, 163;\n    love to God and towards the neighbour is man's peculiar love,\n          96[2];\n    what these loves consist in, 169[4];\n    love of self, its nature, 174[2];\n    love of self and love of the world necessitated the formation of\n          governments, 90.\n\n\n  MAN as to his essence is a spirit, 1[2], 123.\n    A man whose interiors are opened by the Lord, can speak with\n          spirits, 1[2];\n    man as to his interiors is in the midst of spirits and angels, 1;\n    cannot see anything in the other life, 135[2];\n    corresponds to Heaven, 5, 9;\n    does not rise as to his body, 159[3];\n    man after death becomes a spirit, 47, 123, 160;\n    after death is in the human form as before, 123;\n    after death has the memory of all his concerns in the world, 127;\n    how distinguished from beasts, 96[2];\n    is not born into his peculiar loves, 96[2];\n    is the end of creation, 112, 126;\n    was born for heaven, 114;\n    was created to live in both worlds, 135[4];\n    the natural and spiritual man, 102.\n\n  MARRIAGES, 178.\n\n  MARS (The planet). The spirits are the best of all, 85;\n    speech and character, 87;\n    representation in the Grand Man, 88;\n    life, 90;\n    Divine Worship, 91;\n    humiliation, 91;\n    body, clothing, and nourishment, 93.\n\n  MATERIAL things drag the mind downwards, 13.\n\n  MEDIUM between the Intellectual and the Voluntary, 88.\n\n  MEMBRANE, inner, of the skull, 95[6].\n\n  MEMORY, of spirits of Mercury, 10, 17, 24, 31;\n    of spirits of Venus, 107;\n    spirits enter into man's, 11, 13;\n    of spirits, 14, 29;\n    is permanent after death, 127, 160.\n\n  MERCURY (The planet). Representation in the Grand Man, 11;\n    desire for knowledges, 13;\n    conceit, 16, 37;\n    deficiency in judgment, 17;\n    knowledges alone loved, apart from uses, 6, 18, 101, 139;\n    instantaneous judgment 22;\n    rapid speech, 22, 23;\n    permitted to wander through the universe 6, 24, 25, 101, 139;\n    perfection of memory, 35;\n    instruction of inhabitants by spirits, 35;\n    perception, 39;\n    body and clothing, 44;\n    apparent size of the sun, 45;\n    temperature of the earth, 45.\n\n  MERIT belongs to the Lord alone, 70[5].\n\n  METAPHYSICIANS, 38[2].\n\n  MIDDLE SENSE between the spiritual and the natural man, 102.\n\n  MIND (_animus_). All things belonging to the mind are exhibited\n          under some natural form in the body, 163.\n\n  MIND (The) (_mens_) comports itself according to the interior\n          state of the body, 58[2].\n\n  MIRACLE of miracles, 135[3].\n\n  MONKS, 169, 172, 173.\n\n  MOONS, 3[2], 42, 112, 126.\n\n  MOST ANCIENT CHURCH was a celestial church, 85.\n\n  MOST ANCIENT PEOPLE, 49;\n    spoke by the face and lips, 54[2], 87[3].\n\n  MOST ANCIENT TIMES, 54[2].\n\n  MOTIONS in the other life, 125.\n\n\n  NAKEDNESS is no shame to those who are chaste, 56, 176.\n\n  NATURAL LIGHT gives no information on spiritual subjects, 114.\n\n  NATURAL MAN, his character, 102[4,5].\n\n  NATURAL AND EXTERNAL SENSE is the ultimate, 122.\n\n  NAVIGATION, 116.\n\n\n  OLD MAN, apparition of, 76.\n\n  OPPOSITES, their use, 35.\n\n\n  PALLAS, 38[6].\n\n  PAPERS, printed, 28.\n\n  PERCEPTION, of spirits of Mercury, 89;\n    is impaired by conceit, 62[2];\n    perception of good from evil, 77;\n    is lost in the Christian world, 158[3];\n    is rare on our Earth, 169[3].\n\n  PHILOSOPHY, 38[3].\n\n  PLANETS are inhabited, 3;\n    their situation in the other life, 42, 86;\n    do not appear to any spirit, 105.\n\n  PLURALITY of worlds, 2.\n\n  PREACHER, 157, 158, 161, 162.\n\n  PRESENCE in the other life results from likeness of state, 135.\n\n  PREY, delight of eating, 108.\n\n  PRINCIPAL and instrumental, 159[3].\n\n  PRINTING, art of, 81;\n    was for the sake of the Word, 113-122, 136, 155;\n    unknown on other earths, 155;\n    printed papers seen, 28.\n\n  PROCEEDING (Divine), 159.\n\n  PROGRESSIONS in the other life, 125, 127[2].\n\n  PROPRIUM is nothing but evil, 170, 174[2].\n\n  PUNISHING SPIRIT, 154.\n\n  PUNISHMENTS inflicted by spirits, 72, 154.\n\n\n  QUALITY of spirits manifested by influx, 50.\n\n\n  REGENERATION, 169[4].\n\n  REPRESENTATION of objects in the other life, 32.\n\n  RESPIRATION, spirits and angels have, 87[4];\n    of spirits of Mars, 87[4].\n\n  RESURRECTION of man, 159[3];\n    of the Lord, 159[3];\n    belief concerning, 165.\n\n  REVELATION on Jupiter, 65;\n    on this Earth and on others, 113-122, 136, 155, 175.\n\n  RICHES, use and abuse of, 62[4].\n\n  RIGHT (The) in the other life is towards the south, 168.\n\n  RIGHTEOUSNESS belongs to the Lord alone, 70[5].\n\n  RING of Saturn, 3[2], 100, 104.\n\n\n  SAINTS on Jupiter, 70.\n\n  SATELLITES, 3[2], 42, 112, 126.\n\n  SATURN (The planet). Character of the spirits, 97;\n    worship, 98;\n    representation in the Grand Man, 102;\n    manners and customs, 103;\n    ring or belt, 3[2], 100, 104.\n\n  SCIENCES are not known on Jupiter, 62;\n    are cultivated on our Earth only, 136;\n    on our Earth are means of opening the intellectual sight, 62[3],\n      and also of closing it, 68;\n    are spiritual riches, 62[4];\n    analytical science, 38[4].\n\n  SCHOOLMEN, 38[3], 62.\n\n  SEMINAL VESICLES, 79.\n\n  SENSE, natural and external, 122;\n    the internal sense without an external would be like a house\n          without a foundation, 122.\n\n  SENSUAL, 127[4], 148;\n    represented by serpents, 148.\n\n  SEPARATE. See under SOCIETY.\n\n  SERPENTS, 148.\n\n  SIGHT, opening of spiritual, is effected by removal of bodily,\n          165[4];\n    keenness of sight, 140.\n\n  SINCERITY prevailed in the Most Ancient times, 54[2].\n\n  SINUS, Longitudinal, 95.\n\n  SOCIETY, living in, and living separate, 49, 103, 173, 174;\n    an angelic society, 171[3].\n\n  SORCERESSES, 137, 147.\n\n  SOUL is the spirit of man, and is the man himself, and in the\n          human form, 1;\n    soul and body, 159[3].\n\n  SPACES and distances, origin of, 125;\n    space and time, 127[4].\n\n  SPEECH, verbal, is material, 17, 54;\n    of spirits, 22;\n    by the lips, 53, 54;\n    angelic, 54[2];\n    of Most Ancient people, 54, 87;\n    of angels of Jupiter, 80;\n    of spirits of Mars, 87, 95[3].\n\n  SPHERES, 64, 148;\n    collision of spheres produces anxiety, 148.\n\n  SPIRIT (The) of man is the man himself, and in the human form, 1.\n\n  SPIRITS and angels are all from the human race, 1, 30;\n    the spirits with man possess all things of his memory, 13;\n    spirits are near their own earth, 1, 42, 47, 139;\n    spirits of one earth are separated from those of another, 86;\n    their character determined by their previous life, 30;\n    are distinguished by their situation relatively to the human\n          body, 156;\n    spirits and angels do not see the things in this world, 52[6],\n          135[2], but can see them through a man specially prepared,\n          135[2];\n    are all in the human form, 128;\n    intercourse with, in ancient times, 158[3], 160;\n    danger of intercourse with spirits at the present day, 1;\n    spirits of our Earth, see under EARTH.\n\n  SPIRITUAL MAN inflows in to the natural, 102[5].\n\n  SPIRITUAL SENSE, 33.\n\n  SPLEEN, 132.\n\n  SPRING, perpetual, 177.\n\n  STARS are suns, 4, 126;\n    signification of, 50, 72[2].\n\n  STATE, diversity of, causes separation, 86;\n    the state of life, what, 135.\n\n  STRIATED, 95[5].\n\n  SUBJECTS, 95[2].\n\n  SUN (The) in the Word signifies the Lord as to the Divine Love, 40.\n\n  SUN OF HEAVEN (The) is the Lord, 40;\n    only appears to the angels, 170[2].\n\n  SUN OF THIS WORLD (The) is not seen in the other life, 40, 42, 105.\n\n  SWEDENBORG's peculiar state, 1, 124, 125, 126[3], 135, 165.\n\n  SYSTEMS, 4, 126.\n\n\n  TASTE (The). Consequence of its ruling in the body, 58[2].\n\n  TEMPLES, 150, 151.\n\n  THOUGHT is made manifest after death, 30;\n    how manifested in the face, 54;\n    the thought flows from the affection, and as it were in it, 95;\n    thought and speech ought to be one, 158;\n    effects of thinking from the sensuals of the body, 165.\n\n  THUNDER, 111.\n\n  TIME and space, 127[4].\n\n  TRANSLATION as to the spirit to distant places, 125, 127[2], 138,\n          157, 168.\n\n  TRAVELLING, 169.\n\n  TREES, Temples of, 151.\n\n  TRINITY, 158, 159.\n\n  TRUTH. See DIVINE TRUTH.\n\n  TRUTHS and falsities represented by stars, 50, 72[2].\n\n  TYPES. See PRINTING.\n\n\n  UNBELIEF, modern, 124.\n\n  UNDERSTANDING (The) is the internal sight, 22.\n\n  UNDERSTANDING AND WILL, 169[3].\n\n  UNIVERSE, Earths in, 2, 3, 6, 26.\n\n  UNLIKENESS of life disjoins, 127[2].\n\n  USES ought to be the ends of knowledges, 18.\n\n\n  VENUS (The planet). Two kinds of men, 43, 106-109;\n    representation of, in the Grand Man, 43, 107.\n\n  VESICLES, Seminal, 79.\n\n  VISIONS, 175.\n\n\n  WISDOM of the angels is from the mutual communication of their\n          goods, 15;\n    is always growing with angels, 29;\n    the first step towards wisdom, 37;\n    wisdom on Jupiter, 62.\n\n  WOLF, 38.\n\n  WORD on our Earth, why printed, 81, 113-122, 136.\n\n  WORSHIP, not possible without an idea, 7;\n    remains implanted in man's interior life, 142;\n    Divine worship on other earths, 7, 130, 141;\n    on Jupiter, 65-69;\n    on Mars, 91;\n    on Saturn, 98;\n    on Venus, 107;\n    on the First earth, 130;\n    on our Earth, 141, 142;\n    on the Third earth, 153, 154;\n    on the Fourth earth, 158;\n    on the Fifth earth, 175;\n    adoration of God under the Human Form, 7.\n\n  WRITING has existed on our Earth from the most ancient times, 115.\n\n\n  XIPHOID CARTILAGE, 111[4].\n\n\n\n\nINDEX OF SCRIPTURE REFERENCES.\n\n\n  1 Samuel                    Nos.\n    xxx. 16,                  108\n\n  Matthew\n    v. 37,                    169[2]\n    xxiv. 30,                 171[3]\n    xxviii. 18,           91, 159[3]\n\n  Mark\n    xiii. 26,                 171[3]\n\n  Luke\n    xxi. 27,                  171[3]\n    xxiv. 39,                 159[3]\n\n  John\n    i. 1-3, 14, 18,           122\n    v. 37,                    141\n    x. 30,                    141\n    xiv. 7, 9-11,             141","title":"Earths In Our Solar System Which Are Called Planets, and Earths In The Starry Heaven Their Inhabitants, And The Spirits And Angels There","tradition":"scripture-revelation","translated_text":null,"word_count":48459}