{"collection":"myth-cosmogony","full_text_available":true,"graph_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/v2/api/page/gutenberg_20407/graph","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/v2/page/gutenberg_20407","id":"gutenberg_20407","license":"Public Domain (US)","rights_basis":"gutenberg_metadata_copyright_false","source":"gutenberg","source_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/20407","summary":null,"tags":["Category: Encyclopedias/Dictionaries/Reference","Category: Essays, Letters & Speeches","Category: History - Other","Category: Mythology, Legends & Folklore","Notes and Queries","Questions and answers -- Periodicals"],"text":"Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins\nand the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at\nhttps://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images\ngenerously made available by The Internet Library of Early\nJournals.)\n\n\n\n\n\nTranscriber's note: A few typographical errors have been corrected: they\nare listed at the end of the text.\n\n{445}\n\nNOTES AND QUERIES:\n\nA MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES,\nGENEALOGISTS, ETC.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\"When found, make a note of.\"--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nNo. 184.]\nSaturday, May 7, 1853.\n[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nCONTENTS.\n\n  NOTES:--                                                            Page\n    Old Popular Poetry: \"Adam Bell, Clym of the Clough,\n      and William of Clowdesly,\" by J. Payne Collier                   445\n    Witchcraft, by Rev. H. T. Ellacombe                                446\n    Spring, &c., by Thomas Keightley                                   448\n    Notes and Queries on Bacon's Essays, No. III., by\n      P. J. F. Gantillon, B.A.                                         448\n    Shakspeare Correspondence, by S. W. Singer, Cecil\n      Harbottle, &c.                                                   449\n    MINOR NOTES:--Local Rhymes, Norfolk--\"Hobson's\n      Choice\"--Khond Fable--Sir Thomas Fowell Buxton,\n      Bart.--Anagrams                                                  452\n\n  QUERIES:--\n    Seal of William d'Albini                                           452\n    Forms of Judicial Oath, by Henry H. Breen                          453\n    MINOR QUERIES:--Passage in Boerhaave--Story of\n      Ezzelin--The Duke--General Sir Dennis Pack--Haveringemere--Old\n      Pictures of the Spanish Armada--Bell\n      Inscription--Loselerius Villerius, &c.--The\n      Vinegar Plant--Westminster Parishes--Harley Family--Lord\n      Cliff--Enough--Archbishop Magee--Carpets\n      at Rome--Nursery Rhymes--Gloves at Fairs--Mr.\n      Caryl or Caryll--Early Reaping-machines                          453\n    MINOR QUERIES WITH ANSWERS:--\"Diary of a\n      Self-Observer\"--Jockey--Boyle Lectures                           456\n\n  REPLIES:--\n    The Discovery and Recovery of MSS., by Kenneth R. H. Mackenzie     456\n   \"The Whippiad\"                                                      457\n    Spontaneous Combustion, by Shirley Hibberd                         458\n    Major-General Lambert, by Edgar MacCulloch                         459\n    The \"Salt-peter-man,\" by J. Deck                                   460\n    Metrical Psalms and Hymns, by J. Sansom                            460\n    The Sign of the Cross in the Greek Church                          461\n    PHOTOGRAPHIC NOTES AND QUERIES:--New Developing\n      Fluid--Photographic Tent--Mr. Wilkinson's simple\n      Mode of levelling Cameras--Antiquarian Photographic\n      Club                                                             462\n    REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--Erroneous Forms of\n      Speech: Mangel Wurzel--The Whetstone--Charade--Parochial\n      Libraries--Judge Smith--Church Catechism--Charade\n      attributed to Sheridan--Gesmas and\n      Desmas--Lode--Epitaphs imprecatory--Straw-bail--How\n      to stain Deal--Detached Belfry Towers                            463\n\n  MISCELLANEOUS:--\n    Notes on Books, &c.                                                465\n    Books and Odd volumes wanted                                       465\n    Notices to Correspondents                                          466\n    Advertisements                                                     466\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nNotes.\n\nOLD POPULAR POETRY: \"ADAM BELL, CLYM OF THE CLOUGH, AND WILLIAM OF\nCLOWDESLY.\"\n\nI have very recently become possessed of a curious printed fragment, which\nis worth notice on several accounts, and will be especially interesting to\npersons who, like myself, are lovers of our early ballad poetry. It is part\nof an unknown edition of the celebrated poem relating to the adventures of\nAdam Bell, Clym of the Clough, and William of Cloudesly.\n\nThere are (as many of your readers will be aware from Ritson's small\nvolume, _Pieces of Ancient Popular Poetry_, 8vo. 1791) two old editions of\n_Adam Bell, &c._, one printed by William Copland, without date, and the\nother by James Roberts in 1605. The edition by Copland must have preceded\nthat by Roberts by forty or fifty years, and may have come out between 1550\nand 1560; the only known copy of it is among the Garrick Plays (at least it\nwas so when I saw it) in the British Museum. The re-impression by Roberts\nis not very uncommon, and I think that more than one copy of it is at\nOxford.\n\nWhen Copland printed the poem, he did not enter it at Stationers' Hall;\ncomparatively few of his publications, generally of a free, romantic, or\nludicrous character, were licensed, and he was three times fined for not\nfirst obtaining the leave of the Company. Nevertheless, we do find an entry\nof a \"book\" called \"Adam Bell,\" &c., among the memoranda belonging to the\nyear 1557-8, but it was made at the instance, not of Copland, but of John\nKynge, in this form:\n\n    \"To John Kynge, to prynte this boke called Adam Bell, &c., and for his\n    lycense he geveth to the howse\"--\n\nWhat sum he gave is not stated. Again, we meet with another notice of it in\nthe same registers, under the date of 1581-2, when John Charlwood was\ninterested in the undertaking. I mention these two entries principally\nbecause neither Ritson nor Percy were acquainted with them; but they may be\nseen among the extracts published by the Shakspeare Society in 1848 and\n1849. {446}\n\nNo impressions by Kynge or Charlwood having come down to us, we have no\nmeans of knowing whether they availed themselves of the permission granted\nat Stationers' Hall; and, unless I am deceived, the fragment which\noccasions this Note is not from the presses of either of them, and is of an\nearlier date than the time of Copland; the type is much better, and less\nbattered, than that of Copland; at the same time it has a more antique\nlook, and in several respects, which I am about to point out, it furnishes\na better text than that given by Ritson from Copland's edition, or by Percy\nwith the aid of his folio manuscript. I am sorry to say that it only\nconsists of a single sheet; but this is nearly half the production, and it\ncomprises the whole of the second, and two pages of the third \"fit.\" The\nfirst line and the last of the portion in my hands, testify to the greater\nantiquity and purity of the text there found; it begins--\n\n \"These gates be shut so wonderly well;\"\n\nand it ends,\n\n \"Tyll they came to the kynge's palays.\"\n\nIt is \"_wonderous_ well\" in Copland's impression, and palace is there spelt\n\"pallace,\" a more modern form of the word than _palays_. Just afterwards we\nhave, in my fragment,\n\n \"Streyght comen from oure kyng,\"\n\ninstead of Copland's\n\n \"Streyght _come nowe_ from our king.\"\n\n_Comen_ is considerably more ancient than \"come nowe;\" so that, without\npursuing this point farther, I may say that my fragment is not only an\nolder specimen of typography than Copland's impression, but older still in\nits words and phraseology, a circumstance that communicates to it\nadditional interest. I subjoin a few various readings, most, if not all, of\nthem presenting a superior text than is to be met with elsewhere. Speaking\nof the porter at the gate of Carlisle, we are told--\n\n \"And to the gate faste he throng.\"\n\nCopland's edition omits _faste_, and it is not met with in Percy. In\nanother place a rhyme is lost by an awkward transposition, \"he saide\" for\n_sayd he_; and farther on, in Copland's text, we have mention of\n\n \"The justice with a quest of squyers.\"\n\ninstead of \"a quest of _swerers_,\" meaning of course the jury who had\ncondemned Cloudesly \"there hanged to be.\" Another blunder committed by\nCopland is the omission of a word, so that a line is left without its\ncorresponding rhyme:\n\n \"Then Clowdysle cast hys eyen aside,\n    And sawe his two bretheren _stande_\n  At the corner of the market-place,\n    With theyr good bowes bent in theyr hand.\"\n\nThe word I print in Italics is entirely wanting in Copland. It is curious\nto see how Percy (_Reliques_, i. 157., ed. 1775) gets over the difficulty\nby following no known copy of the original:\n\n \"Then Cloudesle cast his eyen asyde,\n    And saw hys brethren twaine\n  At a corner of the market-place,\n    Ready the justice for to slaine.\"\n\nCloudesly is made to exclaim, in all editions but mine, \"I see comfort,\"\ninstead of \"I see _good_ comfort.\" However, it would perhaps be wearisome\nto press this matter farther, and I have said enough to set a few of your\nreaders, zealous in such questions, rummaging their stores to ascertain\nwhether any text with which they are acquainted, tallies with that I have\nabove quoted.\n\nJ. PAYNE COLLIER.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nWITCHCRAFT.\n\nObserving that you have lately admitted some articles on witchcraft, it may\nbe interesting to make a note of two or three original papers, out of some\nin my possession, which were given to me many years ago by an old general\nofficer, who served in the American war, and brought them with him to\nEngland about 1776. I send exact copies from the originals.\n\nH. T. ELLACOMBE.\n\nRectory, Clyst St. George.\n\nWhereas several persons, being by authority co[=m]itted to Ipswich Goall\nfor fellony and witchcraft, and order being given that search should be\nmade carefully upon their bodyes, to see if there nothing appeared\npreternaturall thereon: for that end, on July y^e 4^th, 1692, a Jurie of\none man and eight women were su[=m]oned to attend, and sworne to make\ndilligent search, and to give a true account of what they found, viz^t.--\n\n  Doctor Philemon Dance,\n  Mrs. Joha[=n]a Diamond, midwife,\n  Mrs. Grace Graves,\n  Mrs. Mary Belcher,\n  Mrs. Gennet Pengery,\n  Ann Lovell,\n  Francis Davis,\n  Mary Browne,\n\nWho, after search made in particular, give this account, viz^t.--Upon the\nbody of goodwife Estue they find three unnaturall teats, one under left\narme, and one on the back side of her sholder-blade, one near to her secret\nparts on one thigh, which, being pricked throw with a pin, remained without\nsense, and did not bleed.\n\n2. Upon y^e veiwing and searching y^e body of Sarah Cloice, there was\nnothing unnaturall appeared on her.\n\n3. Upon searching y^e body of Mrs. Bradbury, there was nothing appeared\nunnaturall on her, {447} only her brest were biger than usuall, and her\nnipples larger than one y^t did not give suck, though her body was much\npined and wasted, yet her brests seemed full.\n\n4. Upon y^e searching y^e body of y^e wife of Giles Cory, there was\nseverall darke moulds, one of which was upon one of her buttocks, and being\npricked with a pin, it was without sence, and did not bleed.\n\n5. Upon y^e searching y^e body of Widow Hoer, nothing appeared on her\nunnaturall, only her body verry much scratched, and on her head a strange\nlock of haire, verry long, and differing in color from y^e rest on her\nhead, and matted or tangled together, which she said was a widow's lock,\nand said, if it were cutt off she should die.\n\n6. Upon searching y^e body of Rachell Clenton, there was found an\nunnaturall teat on one side, something lower than just under her arme,\nwhich teat having a pin thrust throw it she was not senceable of, till by\nscratching her side, pricked her fingers with y^e pin y^t was then in y^e\nteat; neither did y^e teat bleed.\n\nThere was also ordered, with ye foresaid Doct^r, four other men, viz^t, Mr.\nHar. Symonds, Samuel Graves, Sen^r, Thomas Knewlton, and John Pinder, to\nsearch y^e body of Giles Cory, and they returned y^t they, having searched\nhim, found nothing unnaturall upon him.\n\nThe truth of which I heare attest.\n(Signed) THO^S WADE, J.P.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n  Province of Massachusettes Bay,\n  New England, Essex.\n\nAnno R. R. et Reginae Gulielmi et Mariae Angliae, &c. quarto, annoqu Dom.\n1692.\n\nThe Jurors for our Sov^n Lord and Ladye the King and Queen present--\n\nThat Abigail Barker, wife of Ebenezer Barker of Andiver, in the County of\nEssex aforesaid, about two years since, at and in the town of Andiver\naforesaid, wickedly, maliciously, and felloniously, a covenant with the\nDevill did make, and signed the Devill's Booke, and by the Devill was\nbaptized, and renounced her former Christian baptism; and gave herselfe up\nto the Devill to serve him, and for the Devill to be her lord and master;\nby which wicked and diabollicall couvenant, shee the said Abigaill Barker\nis become a detestable witch, contrary to the peace of our Soveraigne Lord\nand Lady the King and Queene, their crowne and dignity, and the law in that\ncase made and provided.\n\n_Sep., '92._ The examination and confession of Abigail Barker, taken before\nJohn Hawthorn, Esq., and other their Majesties Justices:\n\n_Q._ How long have you been in the snare of the Devil?\n\n_A._ Not above two yeares and a half.\n\n_Q._ At what place were you first overtaken?\n\n_A._ I am at present very much bewildered.--But a little after she said as\nfollowes:--About two yeare and a half agoe she was in great discontent of\nmynd, her husband being abroad, and she at home alone; at which tyme a\nblack man appeared to her, and brought a book with him, to which he put her\nfinger and made a black mark. She saith, her memory now failes her now more\nthan ordinary; but said she gave herself up to the Devil to serve him, and\nhe was her lord and master; and the Devil set a mark upon her legg, which\nmark is black and blue, and she apprehends is a witch mark; and said that\nshe is a witch, and thinks that mark is the cause of her afflicting\npersons, though she thought nothing of it then till afterwards she heard of\nothers having a mark upon them. She sayes, that some tyme after this the\nblack man carryed her singly upon a pole to 5-mile pond, and there were 4\npersones more upon another pole, viz. Mistriss Osgood, Goody Wilson, Goody\nWardwell, Goody Tyler, and Hanneh Tyler. And when she came to the pond the\nDevil made a great light, and took her up and dypt her face in the pond,\nand she felt the water, and the Devil told her he was her lord and master,\nand she must serve him for ever. He made her renounce her former baptisme,\nand carryed her back upon the pole. She confesses she has afflicted the\npersones that accused her, viz. Sprague, Lester, and Sawdy, both at home\nand in the way comeing downe. The manner thus:--The Devil does it in her\nshape, and she consents unto, and clinches her hands together, and sayes\nthe Devil cannot doe it in her shape without her consent. She sayes she was\nat a meeting at Moses Tyler's house, in company with Mistriss Osgood, Goody\nWilson, Goody Tyler, and Hanah Tyler. She said the mark above was on her\nleft legg by her shin. It is about two yeare agoe since she was baptized.\nShe said that all this was true; and set her hand to the original as a true\nconfession. _Noate_, that before this her confession she was taken dumb,\nand took Mr. Epps about the neck and pulled him down, thereby showing him\nhow the black man bowed her down; and for one houre's tyme could not open\nher lips.\n\nI, underwritten, being appointed by authority to take the above\nexamination, doe testify upon oath taken in court, that this is a true\ncoppy of the substance of it to the best of my knowledge.\n\nWM. MURRAY.\n\n6th July, 1692/3.\n\nThe above Abigail Barker was examined before their Majesties Justices of\nthe Peace in Salem.\n\n  (Atest.) JOHN HIGGINSON, Just. Peace.\n\nOwned before the Grand Jury.\n\n  (Atest.) ROBERT PAYNE, Foreman.\n\n6th January, 1692. {448}\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nSPRING, ETC.\n\nOur ancestors had three verbs and three corresponding substantives to\nexpress the growth of plants, namely, _spring_, _shoot_, and _sprout_,--all\nindicative of rapidity of growth; for _sprout_, (Germ. _spriessen_) is akin\nto _spurt_, and denotes quickness, suddenness. The only one of these which\nremains in general use is _shoot_: for _sprout_ is now only appropriated to\nthe young growth from cabbage-stalks; and _spring_ is heard no more save in\n_sprig_, which is evidently a corruption of it, and which now denotes a\nsmall slip or twig as we say, sprigs of laurel, bay, thyme, mint, rosemary,\n&c.\n\nOf the original meaning of _spring_, I have met but one clear instance; it\nis, however, an incontrovertible one, namely,\n\n    \"Whoso spareth the _spring_ (_i. e._ rod, switch), spilleth his\n    children.\"--_Visions of Piers Plowman_, v. 2554., ed. Wright.\n\nPerhaps this is also the meaning in--\n\n                 \"Shall, Antipholus,\n  Even in the spring of love thy _love-springs_ rot?\"\n                  _Com. of Errors_, Act III. Sc. 2.\n\nand in \"Time's Glory\"--\n\n \"To dry the old oak's sap and cherish _springs_.\"\n                  _Rape of Lucrece._\n\n_Spring_ afterwards came to be used for underwood, &c. Perhaps it answered\nto the present _coppice_, which is composed of the springs or shoots of the\ngrowth which has been cut down:\n\n \"The lofty high wood and the lower _spring_.\"\n                  Drayton's _Muses' Elysium_, 10.\n\n \"The lesser birds that keep the lower _spring_.\"\n                  _Id._, note.\n\nIt was also used as equivalent to grove:\n\n                 \"Unless it were\n  The nightingale among the thick-leaved _spring_.\"\n                  Fletcher's _Faith. Shep._, v. 1.\n\nwhere, however, it may be the coppice.\n\n \"This hand Sibylla's golden boughs to guard them,\n  Through hell and horror, to the Elysian _springs_.\"\n                  Massinger's _Bondman_, ii. 1.\n\nIn the following place Fairfax uses _spring_ to express the \"salvatichi\nsoggiorni,\" i. e. _selva_ of his original:\n\n \"But if his courage any champion move\n  Too try the hazard of this dreadful _spring_.\"\n                  _Godf. of Bull._, xiii. 31.\n\nand in\n\n \"For you alone to happy end must bring\n  The strong enchantments of the charmed _spring_.\"\n                  _Id._, xviii. 2.\n\nit answers to _selva_.\n\nWhen Milton makes his Eve say--\n\n                 \"While I\n  In yonder _spring_ of roses intermix'd\n  With _myrtles_ find what to redress till noon.\"\n                  _Par. Lost_, ix. 217.\n\nhe had probably in his mind the _cespuglio_ in the first canto of the\n_Orlando Furioso_; for _spring_ had not been used in the sense of thickets,\nclumps, by any previous English poet. I am of opinion that _spring_ occurs\nfor the last time in our poetry in the following lines of Pope:\n\n \"See thy bright altars throng'd with prostrate kings,\n  And heap'd with products of Sabaean _springs_.\"\n                  _Messiah_, 93.\n\nJohnson renders the last line--\n\n \"Cinnameos cumulos, Nabathaei munera _veris_;\"\n\nand this is probably the sense in which the place has generally been\nunderstood. But let any one read the preceding quotations, and reflect on\nwhat a diligent student Pope was of the works of his predecessors, and\nperhaps he will think with me.\n\nTHOMAS KEIGHTLEY.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nNOTES AND QUERIES ON BACON'S ESSAYS, NO. III.\n\n(Vol. vii., pp. 6. 80.)\n\nEssay IX. p. 21. (note _a_). \"They used the word 'praefiscini.'\" See\n_e. g._, Plaut. _Asin._, ii. 4. 84. (Weise):\n\n \"Praefiscini hoc nunc dixerim: nemo etiam me adcusavit\n  Merito meo.\"\n\n(Leonida boasts of his integrity.)\n\nDitto, p. 22. (note _c_). \"From the _Stichus_ of Plautus,\" ii. 1. 54.\n\nDitto, p. 23. \"Which has the character of Adrian the Emperor.\" See _Hist.\nAug. Script._, i. 149., _ut supr._ (Spartian. _Vit. Hadrian._ cap. 15.)\n\nDitto p. 26. \"It was well said.\" By whom?\n\nEssay X. ditto. \"A poor saying of Epicurus.\" Where recorded?\n\nDitto, p. 27. \"It hath been well said, 'That the arch flatterer,'\" &c. By\nwhom, and where?\n\nDitto, ditto. \"It hath been well said, 'That it is impossible,'\" &c. By\nwhom and where?\n\nDitto, ditto. \"The poet's relation.\" Ovid. _Heroid._ xvi. 163.\n\nEssay XI. p. 28. \"Cum non sis qui fueris,\" &c. Whence?\n\nDitto, p 29. \"Illi mors gravis incubat,\" &c. Seneca, _Thyest._ 401. (ed.\nLemaire), Act II. extrem.\n\nDitto, p. 31. \"That was anciently spoken.\" By whom?\n\nDitto, ditto. \"Tacitus of Galba.\" Tac. _Hist._, i. 49.\n\nDitto, ditto. \"Of Vespasian.\" Tac. _Hist._, i. 50.\n\nEssay XII. ditto. \"Question was asked of Demosthenes.\" See Cic. _De Orat._,\nIII. 56. Sec. 213.\n\nDitto, p. 32. \"Mahomet's miracle.\" Where recorded?\n\nEssay XIII. p. 33. \"The desire of power,\" &c. Cf. Shaksp. _Hen. VIII._,\nIII. 2. \"By that sin (ambition) fell the angels,\" &c. {449}\n\nEssay XIII. p. 33. \"Busbechius.\" In Busbequii _Legationes Turciae Epist.\nQuatuor_ (Hanoviae, 1605), p. 133., we find this told of \"Aurifex quidam\nVenetus.\"--N. B. In the Index (_s. v._ Canis) of an edition of the same\nwork, printed in London for R. Daniel (1660), _for_ 206 _read_ 106.\n\nDitto, ditto (note _b_). Gibbon (_Miscellaneous Works_, iii., 544., ed.\n1815) says, \"B. is my old and familiar acquaintance, a frequent companion\nin my post-chaise. His Latinity is eloquent, his manner is lively, his\nremarks are judicious.\"\n\nDitto, p. 34. \"Nicholas Machiavel.\" Where?\n\nDitto, p. 35. \"AEsop's cock.\" See Phaedrus, iii. 12.\n\nEssay XV. p. 38. \"Ille etiam caecos,\" &c., Virg. _Georg_. i. 464.\n\nDitto, ditto. \"Virgil, giving the pedigree,\" &c. _AEn_. iv. 178.\n\nDitto, p. 39. \"That kind of obedience which Tacitus speaketh of.\" Bacon\nquotes, from memory, Tac. _Hist_., ii. 39., \"Miles alacer, qui tamen jussa\nducum interpretari, quam exsequi, mallet.\"\n\nDitto, ditto. \"As Machiavel noteth well.\" Where?\n\nDitto, p. 40. \"As Tacitus expresseth it well.\" Where?\n\nDitto, p. 41. \"Lucan,\" i. 181.\n\nDitto, ditto. \"Dolendi modus, timendi non item.\" Whence?\n\nDitto, ditto. \"The Spanish proverb.\" What is it? Cf. \"A bow long bent at\nlast waxeth weak;\" and the Italian, \"L'arco si rompe se sta troppo teso.\"\n(Ray's _Proverbs_, p. 81., 4th edit., 1768.)\n\nDitto, p. 43. \"The poets feign,\" &c. See _Iliad_, i. 399.\n\nDitto, ditto (note _y_). \"The myth is related in the _Works and Days of\nHesiod_,\" vv. 47-99., edit. Goettling.\n\nDitto, p. 44. \"Sylla nescivit.\" Sueton. _Vit. Caes._, 77.\n\nDitto, p. 45. \"Galba.\" Tac. _Hist_., i. 5.\n\nDitto, ditto. \"Probus.\" Bacon seems to have quoted from memory, as we find\nin Vopiscus (_Hist. Aug. Script., ut supr._, vol. ii. 679. 682.), as one of\nthe _causae occidendi_, \"Dictum ejus grave, Si unquam eveniat salutare,\nReip. brevi milites necessarios non futuros.\"\n\nDitto, ditto. \"Tacitus saith.\" _Hist_., i. 28.\n\nP. J. F. GANTILLON, B.A.\n\n(_To be continued._)\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nSHAKSPEARE CORRESPONDENCE.\n\n_The Passage in King Henry VIII., Act III. Sc._ 1. (Vol. vii., pp. 5. 111.\n183. 494.).--MR. INGLEBY has done perfectly right to \"call me to account\"\nfor a rash and unadvised assertion, in saying that we must interpolate\n_been_ in the passage in _King Henry VIII._, Act III. Sc. 2., after _have_;\nfor even that would not make it intelligible. So far I stand corrected. The\npassages, however that are cited, are not parallel cases. In the first we\nhave the word _loyalty_ to complete the sense:\n\n \"    .    .    .    .    .   My loyalty,\n  Which ever has [been] and ever shall be growing.\"\n\nIn the second, the word _deserved_ is clearly pointed out as being\nunderstood, from the occurrence of _deserve_ after _will_:\n\n\"I have spoken better of you than you have [deserved] or will deserve at my\nhands.\"\n\nI will assist MR. INGLEBY'S position with another example from _Rich. II._,\nAct V. Sc. 5.:\n\n \"    .    .    .    .    .   like silly beggars,\n  Who sitting in the stocks, refuge their shame,\n  That many have [sat] and others must sit there.\"\n\nAnd even from a much later writer, Bolingbroke:\n\n    \"This dedication may serve for almost any book that has, is, or shall\n    be published.\"\n\nWhere we must supply _been_ after _has_. But in the passage I attempted,\nand I think successfully, to set right, admitting that custom would allow\nof the ellipsis of the participle _been_, after the auxiliary _have_, to\nwhat can \"am, have, and will be\" possibly refer?\n\n \"    .    .    .    .    .   I do professe\n  That for your highness' good, I euer labour'd\n  More then mine owne, that am, haue, and will be.\"\n\nWhat? Add _true_ at the end of the line, and it mars the verse, but make\nthe probable correction of _true_ for _haue_, and you get excellent sense\nwithout any ellipsis. I am as averse to interpolation or alteration of the\ntext, when sense can by any rational supposition be made of it, as my\nopponent, or any true lover of the poet and the integrity of his language,\ncan possibly be; but I see nothing rational in refusing to correct an\nalmost self-evident misprint, which would redeem a fine passage that\notherwise must always remain a stumbling-block to the most intelligent\nreader. We have all I trust but one object, _i. e._ to free the text of our\ngreat poet from obvious errors occasioned by extremely incorrect printing\nin the folios, and at the same time to strictly watch over all attempts at\nits corruption by unnecessary meddling. This, and not the displaying of our\nown ingenuity in conjectures, ought to be our almost sacred duty; at least,\nI feel conscious that it is mine.\n\nS. W. SINGER.\n\n \"That one may smile, and smile, and be a villain.\"\n                  _Hamlet_.\n\nThe notable quotation of this line by the Earl of Derby, in the Lords, on\nMonday evening, April 25, has once more reminded me of my unanswered Query\nrespecting it, Vol. vi., p. 270.\n\nOn the 26th February (Vol. vii., p. 217.) MR. COLLIER was good enough to\nsay, that his only {450} reason for not answering it was, that he had not\nthen within his reach the copy of \"N. & Q.\" wherein it had been proposed;\npolitely adding, that if I would reprint the Query, he would at once answer\nit.\n\nSupposing, however, that MR. COLLIER'S absence from his library would be\nonly temporary, I deemed it less troublesome to the Editor of \"N. & Q.\" to\nwait until MR. COLLIER could refer to the Query, as already printed.\n\nTwo months have since elapsed, and I now no longer hesitate to ask the\nEditor for an opportunity of again referring to it, trusting that a\nsufficient excuse will be found in the importance of the subject, as\naffecting the fundamental sense of a passage in Shakspeare.\n\nA. E. B.\n\nLeeds.\n\n_Mr. J. Payne Collier's \"Notes and Emendations.\"_--There can be no doubt\nthat many of these emendations are rational and judicious; but I cannot\nhelp thinking, _on the whole_, that MR. COLLIER has rather overrated their\nvalue, and placed too implicit faith in the infallibility of his unknown\nguide. At all events, there is not a shadow of authority given for any one\nof the corrections, and we have therefore a full right to try them, as the\nlawyers would say, \"upon the merits;\" or, in other words, to treat them as\nmere speculative alterations, and to adopt or reject them, as may appear\nadvisable in each particular case. It is difficult to conjecture what can\nhave been the position in life, or the occupation of this mysterious\nannotator. That his pursuits were not purely literary, I think is plain:\nfirst, from the very circumstance of his not authenticating any of his\nnotes, which a literary inquirer would certainly have done; and, secondly,\nfrom the very minute attention which is paid to the _business_ of the scene\nand the movements of the actors. These considerations, coupled with the\nfact of his frequently striking out whole passages of the text (which a\nliterary enthusiast would _not_ have done), would at first lead us to\nsuppose that the writer was a theatrical manager, and that the alterations\nwere made to suit either the fancies, or perhaps the peculiar\nqualifications of certain performers. But in this case one can hardly\nsuppose that the remarks would have extended to more than a certain number\nof plays, which were most frequently acted. Thus much, however, appears\ncertain, that the commentaries are rather those of an _habitual play-goer_,\nthan of a studious critic; and it will be easy to show that a great portion\nof the new readings he proposes are really changes _for the worse_, while a\nstill larger number are at least unnecessary! I shall content myself with\nonly a few instances, on this occasion, as I am unwilling to encroach too\nfar on your space; but I can easily multiply them, if I am encouraged to\nrenew the subject.\n\nIn the first place, I differ from MR. COLLIER entirely as to the famous\npassage from _Henry VIII._, p. 324., which he brings so prominently forward\nas to give it special notice in his Introduction. To me, I confess, the\nphrase--\n\n \"To steal from spiritual _labour_ a brief span,\"\n\nappears quite tame and poor in comparison with\n\n \"To steal from spiritual _leisure_ a brief span,\"\n\nand, moreover, destroys all the poetry of the thought. Nor can I see the\nslightest difficulty in the _sense_ of the original passage. The king means\nto say that Wolsey cannot steal from the _little leisure_ afforded him by\nhis spiritual labours \"a brief span, to keep his earthly audit:\" and surely\nthis is much more poetical than the substituted passage.\n\nIn p. 323., from the same play, we have--\n\n \"to the sharp'st _kind_ of justice,\"\n\ntransformed to \"sharp'st _knife_ of justice:\" but I cannot assent to this\nchange. The obvious meaning of the poet is, that the contempt of the world,\n\"_shutting all doors_\" against the accused, is a sharper _kind_ of justice\nthan any which the law could inflict: but, to be given up to \"the sharp'st\n_knife_ of justice\" could only mean, being consigned to the public\nexecutioner,--which was just what Katherine was deprecating.\n\nIn p. 325. the lines relating to Wolsey's foundations at Ipswich and Oxford\nare printed thus in the folio--\n\n                 \"one of which fell with him,\n  Unwilling to outlive the good that did it:\"\n\nthat is, unwilling to outlive the virtues which prompted it,--a passage\nteeming with poetical feeling: but the commentator has ruthlessly altered\nit to--\n\n \"Unwilling to outlive the _good man_ did it;\"\n\nwhich, I submit, not only destroys all the poetry, but is decidedly _not\nEnglish!_\n\nThe next passage I would notice is from _Much Ado about Nothing_, p. 76.\nHow, I would ask, can the phrase--\n\n \"And sorrow wag,\"\n\nbe a misprint for \"call sorrow joy?\" No compositor, or scribe either, could\npossibly be misled by any sound from the \"reader\" into such a mistake as\nthat! The words \"and sorrow wag,\" I admit, are not sense; but the\nsubstitution of \"call sorrow joy\" strikes me as bald and common-place in\nthe extreme, and there is no pretence for its having any authority. If,\nthen, we are to have a mere fanciful emendation, why not \"bid sorrow wag?\"\nThis would be doing far less violence to the printed text, for it would\nonly require the alteration of two letters in the word \"and;\" while it\nwould preserve the Shakspearian character of the passage. \"Wag\" is a\nfavourite expression in {451} the comedies of the Bard, and occurs\nrepeatedly in his works. The passage would then run thus--\n\n \"If such a one will smile and stroke his beard,\n  _Bid sorrow wag_--cry hem! when he should groan.\"\n\nIn p. 73. we find--\n\n \"Soul-tainted flesh,\" &c.\n\nsubstituted for \"_foul_ tainted flesh;\" and we are told that the critics\nhave been all wrong, who supposed that Shakspeare intended any \"metaphor\nfrom the kitchen!\" If so, what meaning can be attached to the line--\n\n \"And salt too little which may season give?\"\n\nIf that is not a metaphor from the kitchen, I know not what could be? I\nstill believe that \"foul tainted flesh\" is the correct reading. The\nexpression \"_soul_-tainted flesh\" is not intelligible. It should rather be\n\"_soul-tainting_ flesh.\" The _soul_ may be tainted by the _flesh_: but how\nthe _flesh_ can be _soul-tainted_, I cannot understand.\n\nTurning further back, to p. 69., we find it asserted, quite dogmatically,\nthat the word \"truths\" of the folios ought to be \"proofs;\" but no reason\nwhatever is offered for the change. I cannot help thinking that \"seeming\n_truths_\" is much the most poetical expression, while in \"seeming _proofs_\"\nthere is something like redundancy,--to say nothing of the phrase being\ninfinitely more common-place!\n\nIn the play of the _Tempest_, p. 4., the beautiful passage--\n\n                 \"he being thus _lorded_\n  Not only with what my revenue yielded,\" &c.,\n\nis degraded into \"he being thus _loaded_,\" &c. Can there be a moment's\ndoubt that \"lorded\" was the word used by Shakspeare? It is completely in\nhis style, which was on all occasions to coin verbs out of substantives, if\nhe could. \"He being thus _lorded_,\" i. e. _ennobled_ \"with what my revenue\nyielded,\" is surely a far superior expression to \"being thus _loaded_,\"--as\nif the poet were speaking of a costermonger's donkey!\n\nAgain, in p. 10.:\n\n \"Wherefore _this_ ghastly looking?\"\n\nor, this ghastly appearance? Who will venture to say, that the substitution\nof \"_thus ghastly_ looking\" is not decidedly a change for the worse?\n\nIn the Merchant of Venice, p. 118.:\n\n \"and leave itself _unfurnished_,\"\n\nis altered to \"leave itself _unfinished_!\" I confess I cannot see the\nslightest warrant for this change. The words--\n\n                 \"having made one,\n  Methinks IT should have power to steal _both his_,\"\n\ndistinctly show that the author was alluding to the _eye_ only, and not to\nthe _portrait_ and how could the eye (already _made_) describe itself as\n_unfinished_? Surely the sense is _unfurnished_, that is, _unfurnished_\nwith its companion, or probably with the other accessories required to\ncomplete the portrait.\n\nP. 119. has the line--\n\n \"And swearing 'til my very _roof_ was dry,\"\n\ntransmogrified into--\n\n \"And swearing 'til my very _tongue_ was dry.\"\n\nNow, why \"this lame and impotent conclusion?\" What can be a more common\nexpression than the \"roof of the mouth?\" and it is just the part which is\nmost affected by a sensation of dryness and pricking, after any excitement\nin speaking, whereas the _tongue_ is not the member that suffers!\n\nIn _As You Like It_, p. 127., in the line--\n\n \"Mistress dispatch you with your _safest haste_,\"\n\nthe last two words are made \"fastest haste,\" which, to say the least, are\ntautology, and are like talking, of the \"highest height\", or the the\n\"deepest depth!\" Surely, the original form of words, \"Dispatch you with\nyour _safest haste_;\" that is, with as much haste as is consistent with\nyour personal safety--is much more dignified and polished address from the\nduke to a _lady_, and at the same time more poetical!\n\nIn p. 129.,\n\n \"The constant _service_ of the antique world,\"\n\nis converted into\n\n \"The constant _favour_ of the antique world:\"\n\nin which line I cannot discover any sense. If I might hazard a guess, I\nshould suggest that the error is in the _second_ word, \"service,\" and that\nit ought to be \"servants:\"\n\n \"When _servants_ sweat for duty, not for meed.\"\n\nIn the _Taming of the Shrew_, p. 143., the substitution of \"_Warwickshire_\nale\" for \"sheer ale\" strikes me as very far-fetched, and wholly\nunnecessary. There is no defect of sense in the term \"_sheer_ ale.\" Sly\nmeans to say, he was \"fourteen pence on the score for ale alone:\" just as\none speaks of \"sheer nonsense,\" _i. e._ nothing but nonsense, \"sheer\nbuffoonery,\" \"sheer malice,\" &c. Why should Sly talk of being in debt for\n_Warwickshire_ ale at Wincot? If he kind been drinking ale from\nStaffordshire, or Derbyshire, or Kent, he might possibly have named the\ncounty it came from; but to talk of _Warwickshire_ ale within a few miles\nof Stratford-on-Avon seems absurd. It is as if a man came from Barclay and\nPerkins's, and talked of having been drinking \"_London_ porter.\"\n\nIn p. 144., I submit, with great deference, that turning \"Aristotle's\nchecks\" into \"Aristotle's ethics\" is the very reverse of an improvement.\nWhat can be more intelligible than the line--\n\n \"And so devote to Aristotle's _checks_;\"\n\nthat is, to the checks which Aristotle's rules impose upon profligacy? The\nidea is more poetical, {452} and the line runs more smoothly; while the\naltered line is prosaic in comparison, and the metre is not correct.\n\nMy dwindling space warns me that I must very soon pause; but these examples\ncan be extended _ad infinitum_, should another opportunity be afforded me.\n\nThe instances of alterations simply _unnecessary_ are too numerous to be\nrecorded here. I have already a list of forty odd, selected from only eight\nplays.\n\nCECIL HARBOTTLE.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nMinor Notes.\n\n_Local Rhymes, Norfolk._--\n\n \"Halvergate hares, Reedham rats,\n  Southwood swine, and Cantley cats;\n  Acle asses, Moulton mules,\n  Beighton bears, and Freethorpe fools.\"\n\nZ. E. R.\n\n\"_Hobson's Choice._\"--I, the other day, in a paper of 1737, came upon the\ninclosed, if of interest sufficient for insertion in \"N. & Q.:\"\n\n    \"Upon the mention of Mr. Freeman being appointed one of the four horse\n    carriers to the university of Cambridge, we had the following\n    paragraph:--'This was the office that _old Hobson_ enjoyed, in which he\n    acquired so large a fortune as enabled him to leave the town that\n    ever-memorable legacy the conduit, that stands on the Market Hill, with\n    an estate to keep it perpetually in repair. The same person gave rise\n    to the well-known adage, 'Hobson's choice--this or none;' founded upon\n    his management in business. He used to keep, it seems, hackney horses,\n    that he let out to young gentlemen of the university, with whose\n    characters being well acquainted, he suited his beast to its rider, who\n    upon a dislike was sure to receive that answer from him, 'This or\n    none.'\"\n\nJ. W. G. G.\n\n_Khond Fable._--The following is a free version of a fable current among\nthe Khonds of Oriosa, of whom a very interesting account is given by\nCaptain Macpherson in the _Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society_ for 1852:\n\n    \"A mosquito was seated on the horn of a bull, and fearing that his\n    weight might be oppressive to the quadruped, he politely accosted him,\n    begging that, if he felt any inconvenience, he would mention it, and\n    professing himself ready, in that case, to remove to some other\n    position. The bull replied, 'O mosquito, so far are you from oppressing\n    me with your weight, that I was not even aware of your existence.'\"\n\nThe moral of this is common enough, but is the fable found elsewhere in a\nsimilar _form_?\n\nJ. C. R.\n\n_Sir Thomas Fowell Buxton, Bart._--As those who have read the deeply\ninteresting memoirs of Sir Thomas Fowell Buxton are aware, he was placed at\na school in Donnybrook in the year 1802, and shortly after \"entered\" the\nUniversity of Dublin. His success in that seat of learning, where able\ncompetitors were many in number, was brilliant; for \"on the 14th of April\nin the same year [1807], he received his thirteenth premium, and also the\nhighest honour of the university,--the gold medal. With these distinctions,\nand the four silver medals from the Historical Society, he prepared to\nreturn to England.\" In fact, so high did his character stand, that a\nproposal was made to him by the electors (which, however, he deemed it\nprudent to decline) to come forward as a candidate for the representation\nof the university in the imperial parliament, and good grounds were given\nhim to expect a triumphant return.\n\nNow, this man was doubtless an honour to the \"silent(?) sister\" in Ireland;\nand, as an Irishman, I feel some little degree of pride in our having\neducated him so well for his subsequent career. With surprise, then, do I\nfind, on referring to the _Dublin University Calendar_ for the present\nyear, the name of a \"Mr. _John Powell_ Buxton\" in the list of gold\nmedallists. The editor appears to be sadly ignorant of the proper person,\nand cannot lay the blunder at the printer's door, having very unaccountably\nrepeated it from year to year. I have taken the trouble of examining many\nvolumes of the _Calendar_.\n\nABHBA\n\n_Anagrams._--I beg to forward the following:\n\n \"Antonius B. Magliabechius\"\n\n(He was the librarian at Florence, about the end of the sixteenth century).\nThis name makes--\n\n \"Is unus Bibliotheca magna.\"\n\nIn the poems of some Jesuit father (Bacchusius, I think) the following\nrather offensive one is mentioned, on the celebrated father Costerus:\n\n \"Petrus Costerus Jesuita!\"\n\n_i. e._\n\n \"Vere tu es asinus: ita!\"\n\nPHILOBIBLION.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nQueries.\n\nSEAL OF WILLIAM D'ALBINI.\n\nA few years since there was published a _History of the Parish of\nAttleburgh, in Norfolk_, by the then rector, Dr. Barrett. It is a very\nhandsome volume in quarto, and reflects great credit upon the learning and\ntaste of the reverend editor.\n\nWhat I wish more particularly to allude to is an engraving of the seal of\nWilliam de Albini, who was called \"William with the Strong Hand;\" of whom\nDugdale records, that having distinguished himself at a tournament\nappointed by a queen of France, then a widow, she became so enamoured of\nhim that she offered him marriage. But he, having plighted his troth to\nAdeliza, widow to {453} King Henry I. of England, refused her. In revenge\nfor this refusal, the queen of France inveigled him into a den in the\ngarden, where was a fierce lion. Being in this danger, he rolled his mantle\nabout his arm, and putting his hand into the mouth of the beast, pulled out\nhis tongue by the root; followed the queen to her palace, and gave it to\none of her maids to present to her. Returning to England with the fame of\nthis glorious exploit, he was forthwith advanced to the earldom of Arundel,\nand for his arms the lion given him.\n\nAmongst the many illustrations in Dr. Barrett's book is the seal of this\nWilliam de Albini, representing a knight on horseback, in the usual style\nof such knightly seals; but in front of the knight is a young lion, and\nunder the feet of the horse some sort of animal of the lizard kind.\n\nIn elucidation of this seal, there is a long and elaborate note, with\nremarks by Mr. Hawkins of the British Museum, with a view of showing that\nthe device on this seal alludes to the story of his combat with the lion.\n\nThe attempt to establish this point appears to me amusing; for there seems\nnothing on the face of the seal different from the usual seals of royal and\nknightly rank in ancient times.\n\nIt strikes me, that the true interpretation of this device, and the\nintroduction of the lion and the lizard-like animal under the horse's feet,\nmay be found in the 13th verse of Psalm xci.:\n\n    \"Thou shalt go upon the lion and adder: the young lion and the dragon\n    shalt thou tread under thy feet.\"\n\nI should like to learn from some of your correspondents, whether this\nPsalm, or this portion of it, was used in the solemnities attendant on the\ninstallation of a knight, which would tend much to confirm my conjecture.\n\nSENEX.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nFORMS OF JUDICIAL OATH.\n\nThe forms of an oath are different among different denominations of\nChristians. The Roman Catholics of the Continent swear by raising the hand;\nthe Scotch Presbyterians follow the same practice. The Protestants of the\nChurch of England are sworn on the Gospels; so also are the Irish Roman\nCatholics. The Quakers reject every form of oath, and confine themselves to\na simple affirmation. Upon these points I beg leave to submit the following\nQueries.\n\n1. What form of judicial oath was first sanctioned by the professors of\nChristianity as a body? It is stated in Haydn's _Dictionary of Dates_, that\n\"oaths were taken on the Gospels so early as A.D. 528.\" How were they taken\nbefore then?\n\n2. Did the practice of swearing on the Gospels prevail in England before\nthe Reformation? If not, at what period was it introduced?\n\n3. When was that form of oath first adopted by the Irish; and was its\nadoption a voluntary proceeding on their part, or enforced by legislative\nenactment?\n\n4. Was the practice of raising the hand in use in Scotland before the\nReformation?\n\n5. At what period was the latter form adopted by the Continental\nChristians, in lieu of the more solemn oath on the Gospels?\n\n6. Are there now, or have there been at any former period, any forms of\njudicial oath in use among Christians, other than the forms above\nmentioned?\n\nHENRY H. BREEN.\n\nSt. Lucia.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nMinor Queries.\n\n_Passage in Boerhaave._--Will any of our readers kindly oblige me by the\n_exact word_ of a passage in Boerhaave, of which I cite the following from\nmemory?--\n\n    \"The only malady inherent in the human frame, is the decay of old age.\"\n\nA FOREIGN SURGEON.\n\n7. Charlotte Street, Bedford Square.\n\n_Story of Ezzelin._--Where is the story to be found from which Fuseli\nderived the subject for his remarkable picture of Ezzelin (Braccioferro)\nmusing over the body of Meduna? It was engraved by J. R. Smith, and\npublished by Jas. Birchel, 473. Strand, May, 1781. What has become of the\noriginal picture?\n\nJ. SANSOM.\n\n_The Duke._--Can any of your readers tell me whether Sir Arthur Wellesley's\nspeech in the House of Commons upon Mr. Paull's charge against his brother,\nwas the first he made in Parliament?\n\nROBERT J. ALLEN.\n\nOxford.\n\n_General Sir Dennis Pack._--This gallant officer, who, in command of the\nlight division of the Duke's army, distinguished himself in nearly every\nbattle of the Peninsula, and finally at Waterloo, was descended from a\nyounger son of Simon, son of Sir Christopher Pack, Alderman and Lord Mayor\nof London. The family was originally from Leicestershire. Sir Christopher,\nhaving advanced money for the reduction of the Irish rebels of 1641,\nreceived a grant of land in the county of Westmeath; and his younger son,\nSimon, settled in Ireland about that period. From this Simon descended\nThomas Pack, Esq., of Ballinakill in the Queen's County, grandfather of Sir\nDennis Pack.\n\nAs I have in the press a _History of the Cathedral of St. Canice_,\nKilkenny, which latter contains a monument and a fine bust of Sir Dennis\nPack by Chantrey, and of which his father the Rev. Thomas {454} Pack, D.D.,\nwas dean, any information which will enable me to complete the pedigree\nbetween Simon Pack and the above-named Thomas will be thankfully received.\n\nJAMES GRAVES.\n\nKilkenny.\n\n_Haveringemere._--Gervase of Tilbury, in the 4th book of his _Otia\nImperialia_, sect. 88., mentions a certain pond or mere lying near the\nconfines of Wales, and named Haveringemere, of which the peculiarity is,\nthat if a person passing over it in a boat utters, in a loud voice, certain\nopprobrious words, a commotion arises in the waters and sinks the boat. The\nwords, as printed in the edition of Leibnitz (Leibnitii _Scriptores\nBrunsvicenses_, tom. i. p. 990.), are \"_Prout haveringemere_ aut\n_allethophe cunthefere_;\" which he explains to mean, \"_Phrut_ tibi, mare,\net omnibus qui te transfretant.\" He adds with great simplicity: \"Et satis\nmirandum, quod aquae hujus modi concipiunt indignationes.\" It is plain that\nwe ought to read, \"Phrut Haveringemere, and alle thai that on thee fere\"\n(_i. e._ ferry). _Phrut_ or _prut_ is a word of contempt, of which Mr.\nHalliwell gives an instance, _s. v._ Prut, from an Harleian MS.: \"And seyth\n_prut_ for thy cursing prest.\" Is anything known of this mere at the\npresent day, and is there any remnant of this old superstition? Gervase\nwrote his book anno 1211.\n\nC. W. G.\n\n_Old Pictures of the Spanish Armada._--At Beddington Hall, famous for its\nfine banqueting-hall, in which Queen Elizabeth feasted, I have heard that\nthere used to be one or more pictures of the Spanish Armada, presented by\nElizabeth herself to the family resident there. Can any reader of \"N. & Q.\"\ninform me whether these pictures (if more than one) are still in existence:\nif so, where they are, and whether they are to be seen? A large gilt lock,\nalso presented by Queen Elizabeth, still remains on one of the doors of the\nsaid banqueting-hall.\n\nJ. S. A.\n\nOld Broad Street.\n\n_Bell Inscription._--The following inscription occurs on two bells formerly\nbelonging to St. Sepulchre's Church, Cambridge. I should be glad of an\nexplanation:\n\n \"[DE] + [PVRI] SANTI EDMONDVS STEFANVS TOMMI ME FECIT [WL] 1576.\"\n\nC. W. G.\n\n_Loselerius Villerius, &c._--I wish to know who was Loselerius Villerius,\nwho edited an edition of the Greek Testament, with the Vulgate and Beza's\nLatin version (I think) in parallel columns. This edition seems to have\nbeen successful, as I have a copy of the third edition. The title-page of\nmy copy is missing, but the dedication to Henry Earl of Huntingdon is dated\n\"London, vi cal. Nov. 1573.\" Any information about Loselerius would be\nacceptable. I should also be glad to know whether the edition is considered\nat all valuable.\n\nWhilst upon this subject, let me ask whether there is any list of editions\nof the Bible that can be looked upon as in any way complete? I have had\noccasion to refer to the Duke of Sussex's catalogue, but have there been\nunable to find all that I required. There is, for instance, in a friend's\npossession, a Bible which his family traditions maintain to be of great\nrarity. I find it catalogued nowhere, and should be glad to know if it is\nreally so great a curiosity. It is a fine folio, profusely illustrated. I\nsubjoin a copy of the title-page:\n\n    \"The Holy Bible, containing the Old and New Testaments, &c., with most\n    profitable Annotations on all the hard Places, and other Things of\n    great Importance; which Notes have never before been set forth with\n    this new Translation, but are now placed in due order, with great Care\n    and Industry. A Amsterdam, printed for Stephen Swart, at the Crowned\n    Bible, on the West Side of the Exchange. 1679.\"\n\nS. A. S.\n\nBridgewater.\n\n_The Vinegar Plant._--Is it indigenous or imported? Some botanists and\n_savans_ who have examined the subject take the former view. I should be\ninclined to take the latter, for the following among other reasons:--First,\nbecause it is known that many specimens of it _have been so introduced_\nfrom various quarters. Secondly, because in all the attempts to produce it\nthat I have heard of, including some experiments made by myself, in no\ninstance has a specimen been procured by means of any of the moulds that\nare of spontaneous growth in this country, which has entirely resembled the\nvinegar plant, or which has been so efficient in the production of vinegar.\nThirdly, because in tropical and warm climates abnormal variations of\nvegetable productions are much more likely to originate, and to become\nnaturalised, than in this country. If imported, perhaps some of your\ncorrespondents could say where it was originally brought from.\n\nFRITZ.\n\n_Westminster Parishes._--What are the names of the respective parishes in\nthe city of Westminster in 1630; how far back do their records extend; and\nwhat charge would be made for a search in them? I wish to trace a family\nwhose ancestor was born in that city, but in what parish I am ignorant.\nWere any churches in _Westminster_, as distinguished from _London_,\ndestroyed in the Great Fire?\n\nY. S. M\n\nDublin.\n\n_Harley Family._--Can any reader of your invaluable miscellany give an\naccount of Thomas Harley, citizen of London, who died in the year 1670,\naetat. fifty-six? The Thomas Harley referred to possessed good estate in the\ncounty of Leicester, {455} particularly at Osgathorpe, Walton-on-Wolds,\nSnibston, and Heather. He founded a hospital at Osgathorpe, and endowed the\nsame at 60l. for the maintenance and support of six clergymen's widows.\nMoreover he also erected a free-school, which he endowed with 60l. a year.\nHe married Mary, widow of William Kemp, citizen of London. His daughter,\nand sole heiress, married into the family of Bainbrigge of Lockington Hall,\ncounty of Leicester; which alliance carried with it the estate of Thomas\nHarley into that family.\n\nThe arms of Thomas Harley are: Crest, a lion's head rampant; shield, Or,\nbend cotized sable.\n\nIs the foregoing family a branch of that of Herefordshire, now ennobled; or\ndoes it come down from one of the name anterior to the time when such\nearldom was made patent, viz. from Sir Richard Harley, 28 Edward I.: whose\narmorial bearings, according to one annalist, is mentioned as _Or, bend\ncotized sable_?\n\nBrian de Harley, son of Sir Robert Harley, in the reign of Henry IV.,\nchanged his crest; which was a buck's head proper, to a lion rampant,\ngules, issuing out of a tower, triple towered proper.\n\nALDRORANDUS.\n\nLeicester.\n\n_Lord Cliff._--In 1645, James Howell published his _Epistolae Ho-Elianae_;\namongst the letters was one on Wines, addressed to the Right Hon. Lord\nCliff. Who was he? The letter is dated Oct. 7, 1634.\n\nY. S. M\n\nDublin.\n\n_Enough._--Was this word always pronounced as at present, _enuf_? I am\ninclined to think not; for Waller, in his poem \"On a War with Spain,\"\nrhymes it with _bough_:\n\n \"Let the brave generals divide that bough,\n  Our great Protector hath such wreaths _enough_.\"\n\nAnd again, in his \"Answer to Sir John Suckling's Verses,\" he couples it\nwith _plough_, in those anti-Malthusian lines:\n\n \"The world is of a large extent we see,\n  And must be peopled: children there must be!--\n  So must bread too; but since there are _enough_\n  Born to that drudgery, what need we plough?\"\n\nWhen did the change of pronunciation take place? Perhaps some reader of \"N.\n& Q.\" can also give the etymology of the word.\n\nROBERT WRIGHT.\n\n_Archbishop Magee._--In a committee of the House of Lords, 1825, Lord\nHolland asked Archbishop Magee: \"Does your grace really think that there is\nany person capable of holding such a monstrous opinion, as that the Roman\nCatholic religion is idolatrous?\" The Archbishop calmly fixed his eyes on\nLord Holland's countenance, and replied \"My Lord, _some have sworn to\nit_.\"--I only quote so much of the anecdote (which your readers will find\nin Archbishop Magee's _Works_, vol. i. p. 67., 1842) as my purpose\nrequires.\n\nAs reported in _The Times_, on April 18, 1853, Lord Lansdown, speaking of\nan old committee in the House of Lords, said:\n\n    \"During those two days, a right reverend prelate was examined; and he\n    was required to state upon oath whether the Creed of St. Athanasius was\n    necessary to salvation. The reply was, 'He would not say whether it was\n    that, but a great many persons had sworn that it was.'\"\n\nSome correspondent may be able to state whether these two extracts pertain\nor not to one and the same occurrence, and which is the true version.\n\nINDAGATOR.\n\n_Carpets at Rome._--In a cutting from a newspaper or periodical, apparently\nof the year 1790, narrating an accident that happened to Lady Augusta\nClavering, daughter of the Duke of Argyle (whilst staying at Rome) by her\nmuslin dress catching fire, it is said:\n\n    \"Fortunately, the gentlemen did not lose their presence of mind; and\n    there happening to be a carpet in the room, _a thing very uncommon in\n    that that country_, they covered her with it,\" &c.\n\nCan any of your readers oblige me by informing me whether it is a fact,\nthat the luxury of a carpet was _very uncommon_ at Rome at the period\nreferred to; and when carpets were first introduced at Rome?\n\nL. A. M.\n\nGreat Yarmouth.\n\n_Nursery Rhymes._--Can you or any of your correspondents tell me where I\nshall find an account of the origin of our common nursery rhymes? Is there\nnot reason to believe that many of them are of great antiquity?\n\nL.\n\nOxford.\n\n_Gloves at Fairs._--I think that I have read that at some large fair it was\ncustomary to hang out on the town-hall a large gilt glove, as a token of\nfreedom from arrest for debt during the period that the fair lasted. Can\nany of your correspondents inform me if such was the case, and where? In\nHalliwell's _Dictionary_, \"hoisting the glove\" is said to be practised at\nLammas Fair, in Devonshire: but why? In the east of England certain village\nfairs are called _Gants_,--Mattishall Gant, &c. Forby derives this from\nA.-S. _gan_, to go; but may it not have some reference to the French\n_gants_, gloves?\n\nE. G. R.\n\n_Mr. Caryl or Caryll._--Every one knows that the _Rape of the Lock_ was\nwritten at the request of _Mr. Caryl_, stated by Pope to have been private\nsecretary to James II.'s queen before the {456} Revolution. It also appears\nin the Prolegomena to the _Life of James_, that two royal warrants issued\nat St. Germains by the abdicated monarch and his son the Pretender in 1701\nand 1707, are counter-signed _Caryll_ as Secretary of State. Is there any\ndoubt that this is the same person; and if not, is there any account of\nwhen and on what terms he returned to England? where he must have been\nagain domiciled in 1711, and some years after, during which period he\ncorresponded with Pope. His family was settled near East Grinstead, in\nSussex.\n\nC.\n\n_Early Reaping-machines._--Have the former Numbers of \"N. & Q.\" contained\nan account of the invention of a reaping-machine in the last century,\nsimilar in design and construction to the one lately invented in America? A\nfriend of mine has in his possession a work, entitled _The Complete Farmer,\nor a General Dictionary of Husbandry_; containing the various methods of\nimproving the land, &c., together with great variety of new discoveries and\nimprovements, the 4th edition, by a society of gentlemen. There is no date\non the title-page; but from internal evidence, I am led to think that the\nwork was not published before 1780. If it be thought desirable, I shall be\nhappy to send an extract from the work, giving an account of the machine,\nor, if drawings be admitted into the pages of \"N. & Q.,\" the work might be\nsent to the Editor.\n\nH. D. W.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nMinor Queries with Answers.\n\n\"_Diary of a Self-Observer._\"--\n\n\"Augustine's _Confessions_ may be in some degree compared with the _Private\nDiary of a Self-Observer_ (_Geheimes Tagebuch von einem Beobachter seiner\nselbst_) which has in our own days been read with so great eagerness and\nsympathy. Not as if the celebrated author of the latter work did not in\nmany ways deserve a preference above the African bishop,\" &c.--Schroeckh's\n_Kirchengeschichte_, xv. 376.: Leipzig, 1790.\n\nWhat is the book here meant, and by whom was it written?\n\nJ. C. R.\n\n    [This _Diary_ is by the celebrated John Caspar Lavater, author of\n    _Essays on Physiognomy_. In 1769 he commenced it under the title of\n    _Secret Journal of a Self-Observer_. In the following year it fell into\n    the hands of a stranger, and from him it was transmitted to Zollikofer,\n    with such alterations, however, as to conceal the real author.\n    Zollikofer, thinking that it contained much useful matter, had it\n    printed; and among others, sent a copy of it to his friend Lavater, who\n    was beyond measure astonished at the sight. However, as it was now\n    before the world in a somewhat disfigured state, Lavater edited it with\n    the necessary alterations, and with an additional volume: Leipsic, 1771\n    and 1773. In 1795, the German original was translated into English by\n    the Rev. Peter Will, of the Reformed German Chapel in the Savoy, in two\n    vols. 8vo. Prefixed to the second volume is a letter from Lavater to\n    the editor, with the editor's reply. See Chalmers's _Biographical\n    Dictionary, s. v._, and Heisch's _Memoirs of John Caspar Lavater_, pp.\n    58-60.]\n\n_Jockey._--Mr. Borrow, in his Introduction to _The Gypsies of Spain_, says:\n\n    \"The English gypsies are constant attendants at the race-course. What\n    jockey is not? Perhaps jockeyism originated with them, and even racing,\n    at least in England. Jockeyism properly implies _the management of a\n    whip_; and the word _jockey_ is neither more nor less than the term,\n    slightly modified, by which they designate the formidable whip which\n    they usually carry, at present in general use amongst horse-traffickers\n    under the title of jockey-whips.\"\n\nCan any of your correspondents give the derivation of _jockey_?\n\nQ. Q.\n\n    [Most etymologists derive it from _Jackey_, a diminutive of the Scotch\n    term _Jock_, or _Jack_, John: primarily, a boy that rides horses.]\n\n_Boyle Lectures._--In that valuable and well-executed work, now publishing\nby Darling of Great Queen Street, called the _Cyclopaedia Bibliographica_, a\nlist of the preachers of the Boyle Lecture is given. The list is very\nnearly complete, the preachers during the following years only being marked\n\"Unknown:\"--1729, 1733-5, 1746, 1753-5, 1764-5. With these few omissions,\nthe names of preachers from 1692 to 1807 are given without exception. Will\nsome of your correspondents kindly supply the hiatus above referred to?\nPossibly the lectures for those years were not printed, as was the case\nvery frequently (see columns 405. 406. _Cyc. Bibl._)--so there may be some\nslight difficulty in identifying the preachers.\n\nW. SPARROW SIMPSON, B.A.\n\n    [The same omissions occur in the _Oxford Catalogue_, 1837, so that it\n    is a probable conjecture they were never printed.]\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nReplies.\n\nTHE DISCOVERY AND RECOVERY OF MSS.\n\n(Vol. iii., pp. 161. 261. 340.; Vol. iv., p. 282.; Vol. vii., p. 354.)\n\nI am glad to see that a subject to which I have at various times attempted\nto turn public attention, has at least been responded to by one voice. When\nthe \"N. & Q.\" was first established, I felt that there was now at least one\nplace where it was possible to print historical documents of various kinds,\nand no one can deny that at various times very interesting and important\npapers have been made publicly available, which might otherwise have\nescaped notice. I may instance a very interesting account of the inquest on\nChatterton, which I have myself, in a sketch of that ill-fated {457}\nyouth's fate, been the first to make use of for biographical purposes.\n\nIt is still my conviction that at some time or other an association for\nsuch purposes will be formed, and I must attain earnestly entreat those\npersons whose position would command assistance, and whose learning and\nopportunities would aid the cause I am advocating, to give some sign of\ntheir favourable intention toward such a scheme. I must once more place\nthis very important matter before the eyes of the public; I trust that my\nappeal may not be in vain.\n\nSee how in other cases, when something offers itself promising amusement\nand instruction, societies can be formed and spring into life and activity\nat once. For instance, I might adduce the beautiful and useful processes of\nphotography; within the short space of a few months the art has been\nbrought to a high decree of excellence: a Photographical Institute is, I\nbelieve, now in active working, there is a photographical journal, besides\nthe continued and unwearying co-operation of \"N. & Q.\" itself. Why may not\nhistorical documents have something of the same sort? For a slight sum (but\na few shillings a year), if the reading public were willing, such a society\nmight be founded, and many invaluable documents of every description placed\nwhere they would be available for the historian, for the archaeologist, for\nthe editor, and for the general inquirer.\n\nLet me hope that something may be proposed; I have myself hunted through\ndusty MS. folios, quartos, duodecimos innumerable, and my investigations\nhave not been wholly useless.\n\nIf there be any who look with a favourable eye upon these hints, I shall be\nglad to hear from them.\n\nKENNETH R. H. MACKENZIE.\n\n68. Mortimer Street.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\"THE WHIPPIAD.\"\n\n(Vol. vii., pp. 393. 417.)\n\nPerhaps a few lines from a fellow-collegian of Reginald Heber, during his\nlast years of residence at Brazenoze College, may throw light on this\ndiscussion.\n\nMy contemporary MS. copy of _The Whippiad_ contains Heber's _own notes_,\nadditional ones by myself, explanatory of places and persons mentioned,\nautographs of the latter, and Blackwood's printed copy (the subject of\ninquiry), No. 333., July, 1843.\n\nThe _notes_ subjoined to Blackwood's printed copy are _Heber's notes_,\nvarying only from my MS. copy in immaterial points.\n\nAs to the _epigram_ mentioned in p. 417., the two first stanzas were by\nHeber, and written (as I think) after his election to All Souls. The third\nwas attributed to Mr. Wilson, the learned High Master of Clithero School.\n\nVery many _jeux d'esprit_ by Heber, relative to convivialities and passing\nevents in Brazenoze and All Souls, live in the memory and MSS. of his\nsurviving friends; but their amiable author would doubtless have wished\nthem to be forgotten, with the subjects to which they related. The\nforbearance of Mr. Halliwell made him vainly anxious for the suppression of\n_The Whippiad_.\n\nI subjoin from Heber's autograph a Song for a Bow Meeting, near St. Asaph,\nin or about 1808. It has an airy freshness, and is (as I believe)\nunpublished.\n\nLANCASTRIENSIS.\n\n                  I.\n\n  The Soldier loves the laurel bright,\n    The Bard the myrtle bough,\n  And smooth shillalas yield delight\n    To many an Irish brow.\n  The Fisher trims the hazel wand,\n    The Crab may tame a shrew,\n  The Birch becomes the pedant's hand,\n    But Bows are made of yew.\n\n                  CHORUS.\n\n    The yew, the yew, the hardy yew!\n    Still greenly may it grow,\n      And health and fun\n      Have everyone\n    That loves the British Bow.\n\n                  II.\n\n 'Tis sweet to sit by Beauty's side\n    Beneath the hawthorn shade;\n  But Beauty is more beautiful\n    In green and buff array'd.\n  More radiant are her laughing eyes,\n    Her cheeks of ruddier glow,\n  As, hoping for the envied prize,\n    She twangs the Cambrian bow.\n\n    The yew, the yew, &c.\n\n                  III.\n\n  The Fop may curl his Brutus wig,\n    And sandy whiskers stain,\n  And fold his cravat broad and big;\n    But all his arts are vain.\n  His nankeen trowsers we despise,\n    Unfit for rain or dew,\n  And, pinch'd in stays, he vainly tries\n    His strength against the yew.\n\n    The yew, the yew, &c.\n\n                  IV.\n\n  The heiress, once, of Bowdale Hall,\n    A lovely lass, I knew--\n  A Dandy paid his morning call,\n    All dizen'd out to woo.\n  I heard his suit the Coxcomb ply;\n    I heard her answer--\"No;\"\n  A true love knot he ne'er could tie,\n    Who could not bend a bow.\n\n    The yew, the yew, &c.\n\n{458}\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nSPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION.\n\n(Vol. vii., p. 286.)\n\nLeaving the philosophy of this question for the _savans_, I beg to add the\nfollowing to the alleged cases already referred to. Dr. Lindsley has\ncompiled a table of nineteen instances, from the _Dictionnaire de\nMedecine_,--not, however, of _spontaneous_ combustion exactly, but of\nsomething akin to it; namely, the rapid ignition of the human body (which\n_per se_ is not combustible) by contact with flame, as a consequence of the\nsaturation of its tissues by alcohol:\n\n===========================================================================\n|   Date of Occurrence | Age of Individual.       |            |          |\n==================|    |    =======================            |          |\n|  |              |    |    |           |         |            |          |\n|  |              |    |    |           |         |            |          |\n|No|   Works in   |    |    |Extent of  |Immediate|  Habit     |Situation |\n|  |    which     |    |    |   the     |  Cause  |    of      |  of the  |\n|  |   they are   |    |    |Combustion.|  when   |   Life.    | Remains, |\n|  |  reported.   |    |    |           | Known.  |            |    &c.   |\n|  |              |    |    |           |         |            |          |\n|  |              |    |    |           |         |            |          |\n|  |   By Whom.   |    |    |           |         |            |          |\n|  |              |    |    |           |         |            |          |\n===========================================================================\n|  |   Actes de   |    |    | The whole |         |            |          |\n|  |  Copenhague  |    |    |   body,   |         |            |          |\n|  |              |    |    |   except  |         |            |          |\n|  |              |    |    | the skull |         |  Abuse of  |  Upon a  |\n| 1|              |1692| -- |  and last |   --    |spirits for |  chair.  |\n|  |              |    |    | joints of |         |three years |          |\n|  |              |    |    |    the    |         |            |          |\n|  |   Jacobeus   |    |    |  fingers  |         |            |          |\n+--+--------------+----+----+-----------+---------+------------+----------+\n|  |    Annual    |    |    |   Except  |         |Indulged in |          |\n|  |   Register   |    |    |the skull, |Took fire|  frequent  |          |\n|  |              |    |    | a part of | through |fomentations| Upon the |\n| 2|              |1763| 62 | the face, | sitting |     of     |  floor.  |\n|  | Blanchin de  |    |    | and three | near a  |camphorated |          |\n|  |    Verone    |    |    |  fingers  |  lamp   |  spirits   |          |\n+--+--------------+----+----+-----------+---------+------------+----------+\n|  |    Ibid.     |    |    |           | A light |            |          |\n|  |              |    |    |   Except  |  upon a |            |Upon the  |\n| 3|              | -- | 50 | thigh and |  chair  |Took a pint |floor near|\n|  |              |    |    |  one leg  |near the |of rum daily| the bed. |\n|  |   Wilmer     |    |    |           |   bed   |            |          |\n+--+--------------+----+----+-----------+---------+------------+----------+\n| 4| Ency. Method.| -- | 50 |  Except a |   --    | Habitually |          |\n|  |      --      |    |    | few bones |         |   drunken  |          |\n+--+--------------+----+----+-----------+---------+------------+----------+\n|  |  Acta Medica |    |    | Except the|         | She drank  |          |\n| 5|              | -- | -- | skull and |   --    | brandy as  |          |\n|  |              |    |    |  fingers  |         |  her only  |          |\n|  |      --      |    |    |           |         |   drink    |          |\n+--+--------------+----+----+-----------+---------+------------+----------+\n|  |   Mem. on    |    |    | Except a  |  A pipe |            |          |\n|  |  Spon. Com.  |    |    |  part of  |which she|            |Near the  |\n| 6|              |1744| 60 | the head  |   was   | A drunkard | chimney. |\n|  |    Lecat     |    |    | and limbs | smoking |            |          |\n+--+--------------+----+----+-----------+---------+------------+----------+\n|  |    Ibid.     |    |    |           |         | Habitually | Upon the |\n| 7|              |1745| -- |   Ibid.   | A fire  |   drunken  | hearth.  |\n|  |    Ibid.     |    |    |           |         |            |          |\n+--+--------------+----+----+-----------+---------+------------+----------+\n|  |    Ibid.     |    |    |           |         |            |Sitting on|\n|  |              |    |    | A charred | Fire of |Drank brandy|  a chair |\n| 8|              |1749| 80 |  skeleton |   the   |  only for  | near the |\n|  |    Ibid.     |    |    | only left | hearth  | many years |  fire.   |\n+--+--------------+----+----+-----------+---------+------------+----------+\n|  |  Jour. de    |    |    | Except a  |A foot-  |            |          |\n| 9|     Med.     |1779| -- |few bones, |stove    | A drunkard |          |\n|  |              |    |    |a hand,    |under her|            |          |\n|  |      --      |    |    |and a foot |feet     |            |          |\n+--+--------------+----+----+-----------+---------+------------+----------+\n|  |    Ibid.     |    |    |           |A fire of|            | Upon the |\n|10|              |1782| 60 |   Ibid.   |   the   |   Ibid.    |  hearth  |\n|  |      --      |    |    |           | hearth  |            |          |\n+--+--------------+----+----+-----------+---------+------------+----------+\n|  |    Revue     |    |    |Except the |         |  Abuse of  |          |\n|11|  Medicale    |1820| 90 | skull and |A candle |wine and Eau| In bed.  |\n|  |              |    |    | a portion |         | de Cologne |          |\n|  |   Julia      |    |    |   of the  |         |            |          |\n|  |  Fontenelle  |    |    |    skin   |         |            |          |\n+--+--------------+----+----+-----------+---------+------------+----------+\n|  |    Ibid.     |    |    |           |         |            |  In the  |\n|  |              |    |    | Except the|         |            |same bed. |\n|12|              |1830| 66 | right leg |  Ibid.  |   Ibid.    |Both burnt|\n|  |    Ibid.     |    |    |           |         |            | together |\n+--+--------------+----+----+-----------+---------+------------+----------+\n|  |      --      |    |    |   Almost  |         |            |          |\n|13| Gen. William | -- |Very|   wholly  |A lighted|     --     | Upon the |\n|  |   Kepland    |    |old |  consumed |  pipe   |            |   floor  |\n+--+--------------+----+----+-----------+---------+------------+----------+\n|  | Journal de   |    |    |  Skin of  |         |            | Upon the |\n|  |  Florence    |    | -- | right arm |   --    |      --    |floor. He |\n|14|              |1786|    | and right |         |            |lived four|\n|  |   Joseph     |    |    |thigh only |         |            |   days   |\n|  |  Battaylia   |    |    |   burnt   |         |            |  after.  |\n+--+--------------+----+----+-----------+---------+------------+----------+\n|  |  Revue Med.  |    |    |Combustion |         |  Abuse of  |  Upon a  |\n|15|              |1799| -- |incomplete |    --   |   brandy   |  bench.  |\n|  |  Robertson   |    |    |           |         |            |          |\n+--+--------------+----+----+-----------+---------+------------+----------+\n|  |     Ibid.    |    |    | Hand and  |         |            |          |\n|16|              | -- | -- |thigh only |   --    |     --     |  Cured.  |\n|  |  M.Marchand  |    |    |   burnt   |         |            |          |\n+--+--------------+----+----+-----------+---------+------------+----------+\n|  |   Journal    |    |    |One finger |         |            |          |\n|17|  Hosp. Hamp. | -- | 17 | of right  |A candle |     --     |  Cured.  |\n|  |              |    |    |hand only  |         |            |          |\n|  |     --       |    |    |  burnt    |         |            |          |\n+--+--------------+----+----+-----------+---------+------------+----------+\n|  |     --       |    |    |Muscles of |         |            |          |\n|  |              |    |    | thighs,   |         |            |          |\n|18|              |1829| 51 | superior  |A foot-  | Abuse of   | Upon a   |\n|  |              |    |    |extremities| stove   |  spirits   | chair.   |\n|  |     Alph.    |    |    | and trunk |         |            |          |\n|  |   Devenge    |    |    |   burnt   |         |            |          |\n+--+--------------+----+----+-----------+---------+------------+----------+\n|  |   Dic. de    |    |    |Combustion |A foot-  |            | Upon the |\n|19|   Medecine   | -- | -- |  almost   | stove   |   Ibid.    |  floor.  |\n|  |     --       |    |    | complete  |         |            |          |\n===========================================================================\n\nThe following case is related, on the authority of Dr. Schofield, Upper\nCanada, in the _Journal of the American Temperance Union_ for March,\n1837:--A young man, aged twenty-five, had been an habitual drunkard for\nmany years. One evening at about eleven o'clock he went to a blacksmith's\nshop: he was then full of liquor, though not thoroughly drunk. The\nblacksmith, who had just crossed the road, was suddenly alarmed by the\nbreaking forth of a brilliant conflagration in his shop. He rushed across,\nand threw open the door, and there stood the man, erect, in the midst of a\nwidely-extended silver-coloured flame, bearing, as he described it, exactly\nthe appearance of the wick of a burning candle in the midst of its own\nflame. He seized him by the shoulder, and jerked him to the door, and the\nflame was instantly extinguished. There was no fire in the shop, and no\narticles likely to cause combustion within reach of the individual. In the\ncourse of a short time a general sloughing came on, and the flesh was\nalmost wholly removed in the dressing, leaving the bones and a few of the\nlarge blood-vessels standing. The blood nevertheless rallied round the\nheart, and life continued to the thirteenth day, when he died, a loathsome,\nill-featured, and disgusting object. His shrieks and cries were described\nas truly horrible.\n\nSome information will be found in Nos. 44. and 56. of an old magazine\ncalled _The Hive_,--a book which may be found in the British Museum. Two\ncases have occurred recently, one in 1851 at Paris, {459} and one last year\nsomewhere in the north. Both may be found by reference to the newspapers.\n\nSHIRLEY HIBBERD.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nMAJOR GENERAL LAMBERT.\n\n(Vol. vii., p. 269.)\n\nLORD BRAYBROOKE speaks of a _tradition_ of Major-General Lambert's having\nbeen imprisoned in Cornet Castle, in the island of Guernsey, after the\nRestoration. The following documents, copies of which exist in Guernsey,\nwill prove that he really was kept as a prisoner in that island:\n\n    CHARLES R.\n\n    Upon suite made unto us by Mrs. Lambert, for liberty for herself and\n    children to goe to and remaine w^{th} her husband Collonell Lambert\n    yo^r prisoner, Wee, graciously inclyninge to gratifye her in that\n    request, have thought fitt to signify our royall pleasure to you in\n    that particular, willing and requiring you, upon sight hereof, to\n    suffer the said Mrs. Lambert, her three children, and three\n    maid-servants, to goe and remaine w^{th} the said Mr. Lambert, under\n    the same confinement he himselfe is, untill o^r further pleasure be\n    knowne. And for soe doinge this shalbe y^r warrant. Given at our Court\n    at Whitehall, the 17^{th} day Febr., 1661/2.\n\n    By his Ma^{ts} Comand,\n    EDW. NICHOLAS.\n\n    To our right trusty and welbeloved Counsello^r S^r Hugh Pollard, K^{nt}\n    and Bar^t, Governo^r of our Island of Guernsey and Castle there, or to\n    other our Governo^r for y^e tyme beinge, and in his absence to his\n    Deputy Governo^r.\n\n    This is a true copie of his Ma^{t's} Warrant.\n\n    (Signed) HUGH POLLARDE.\n\n[In dorso.]\n\nThe King's order for Lambert's children.\n\nIn 1662, Christopher Lord Hatton was appointed Governor of Guernsey, upon\nwhich the following warrant was issued:\n\n    CHARLES R.\n\n    Our will and pleasure is, That you take into your custody the person of\n    John Lambert, commonly called Collonell Lambert, and keepe him close\n    prisoner, as a condemned traytor, untill further order from us, for\n    which this shall be your warrant. Given at our Court at Hampton Court,\n    this 25^{th} day of July, 1662.\n\n    By his Ma^{ty's} Co[=m]and,\n    EDW. NICHOLAS.\n\n    To our trusty and welbeloved Councellor y^e Lord Hatton, Governor of\n    our Island of Guernsey, and to the Lieutenant Governo^r thereof or his\n    Deputy.\n\n    Lambert to Guernsey.\n\nFour months later the following order was issued:\n\n    CHARLES R.\n\n    Our will and pleasure is, That from sight hereof you give such liberty\n    and indulgence to Collonell John Lambert your prisoner, within the\n    precincts of that our island, as will consist with the security of his\n    person, and as in your discretion you shall think fitt; and that this\n    favour be continued to him till you receive our order to the contrary,\n    allwayes understood, that he the sayd Collonell Lambert show himself\n    worthy thereof in his comportment, and entertaine noe correspondencyes\n    to the prejudice of our service, for which this shall be your warrant.\n    Given at our Court at Whitehall, November the eighteenth, one thousand\n    six hundred sixty-two,\n\n    By his Ma^{ts} command,\n    HENRYE BENNET.\n\n    To our trusty and well-beloved Counsellor the Lord Hatton, our govern^r\n    of our Island of Guernsey, to his Leiftenant Governour, or other\n    officer commanding in chief there.\n\n    Liberty of the Island to Mr. Lambert.\n\n    [In dorso.]\n\n    The King's order for Mr. Lambert's liberty.\n\nIn Rees's _Cyclopaedia_, art. AMARYLLIS, sect. 27., _A. Sarniensis_,\nGuernsey lily, I find the following statement: \"It was cultivated at\nWimbledon, in England, by General Lambert, in 1659.\" As Guernsey, during\nthe civil wars, sided with the Parliament, it is probable that Lambert\nprocured the roots from some friend in the island.\n\nThe exact date of his arrival as a prisoner in Guernsey is fixed by a sort\nof journal kept by Pierre Le Roy, schoolmaster and parish clerk of St.\nMartin de la Bellouse in that island, who says:\n\n    \"Le 17^e de 9vembre, 1661, est arrive au Chateau Cornet, Jean Lambert,\n    generall des rebelles secteres en Angleterre, ennemy du roy, et y est\n    constitue prisonnier pour sa vie.\"\n\nThere is no tradition in the island of his having died there. I remember to\nhave read, but cannot at present remember where, that he died a Roman\nCatholic.\n\nEDGAR MACCULLOCH.\n\nGuernsey.\n\n    [Lambert was removed to the island of St. Nicholas, at the entrance of\n    Plymouth Harbour, in 1667, where his death took place during the _hard\n    winter_ at the close of 1682 or commencement of 1683.--See \"N. & Q\".,\n    Vol. iv., p 340. Probably some of our readers in that neighbourhood\n    might, by a reference to the parish registers, be enabled to ascertain\n    the precise date of that event.]\n\n{460}\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nTHE \"SALT-PETER-MAN.\"\n\n(Vol. vii., p. 377.)\n\nYour correspondent J. O. asks for information to No. 4. of his notes\nrespecting the \"salt-peter-man,\" so quaintly described by Lord Coke as a\ntroublesome person. Before the discovery and importation of rough nitre\nfrom the East Indies, the supply of that very important ingredient in the\nmanufactory of gunpowder was very inadequate to the quantity required; and\nthis country having in the early part of the seventeenth century to depend\nalmost entirely upon its own resources. Charles I. issued a proclamation in\n1627, which set forth that the saltpetre makers were never able to furnish\nthe realm with a third part of the saltpetre required, especially in time\nof war. The proclamation had reference to a patent that had been granted in\n1625 to Sir John Brooke and Thomas Russel, for making saltpetre by a new\ninvention, which gave them power to collect the animal fluids (ordered by\nthe same proclamation to be preserved by families for this purpose), once\nin twenty-four hours in summer, and in forty-eight hours in winter. This\nroyal proclamation was very obnoxious and inconvenient to the good people\nof England, increased as it was by the power granted to the saltpetre\nmakers to dig up the floors of all dove-houses, stables, cellars, &c., for\nthe purpose of carrying away the earth, the proprietors being at the same\ntime prohibited from laying such floors with anything but \"mellow earth,\"\nthat greater facility might be given them. This power, in the hands of men\nlikely to be appointed to fulfil such duties, was no doubt subject to much\nabuse for the purposes of extortion, making, as Lord Coke states, \"simple\npeople believe that Lee (the salt-peter-man) will, without their leave,\nbreake up the floore of their dwelling-house, unless they will compound\nwith him to the contrary.\" The new and uncertain process for obtaining the\nconstituents of nitre having failed to answer the purpose for which the\npatent was granted, an act was passed in 1656, forbidding the saltpetre\nmakers to dig in houses or lands without leave of the owner: and this is\nthe point to which the learned commentator of the law, in his _Discouerie\nof the Abuses and Corruption of Officers_, alludes, when \"any such fellowe\nif you can meete with all, let his misdemenor be presented, that he may be\ntaught better to understand his office.\" In England, up to about the period\nwhen these curious acts of parliament were passed, the right of all soil\nimpregnated with animal matter was claimed by the crown for this peculiar\npurpose; and in France the rubbish of old houses, earth from stables,\nslaughter-houses, and all refuse places, was considered to belong to the\nGovernment, till 1778, when a similar edict, to relieve the people from the\nannoyances of the saltpetre makers, was made.\n\nJ. DECK.\n\nCambridge.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nMETRICAL PSALMS AND HYMNS.\n\n(Vol. iii., pp. 119. 198.)\n\nIn reply to your correspondent ARUN, who inquired about the origin and\nauthority of metrical psalms and hymns in churches, in addition to an\nextract from one of Bishop Cosin's letters on the subject, I referred also\nto the treatise commonly known as Watson's _Deduction_, but of which\ntreatise Heylin was in fact the author. I have recently met with a passage\nin Heylin's _History of the Reformation_ (ann. 1552, Lond., 1674, p. 127.)\nwhich seems to contain the rudiment or first germ of the _Deduction_, and\nto which ARUN therefore (if not already acquainted with it) may be glad to\nbe referred:\n\n    \"About this time (says Heylin) the Psalms of David did first begin to\n    be composed in English meetter by one Thomas Sternhold, one of the\n    grooms of the Privy Chamber; who, translating no more than\n    thirty-seven, left both example and encouragement to John Hopkins and\n    others to dispatch the rest:--a device first taken up in France by one\n    Clement Marot, one of the grooms of the bedchamber to King Francis the\n    First; who, being much addicted to poetry, and having some acquaintance\n    with those which were thought to have enclined to the Reformation, was\n    persuaded by the learned Vatablus (professor of the Hebrew tongue in\n    the University of Paris) to exercise his poetical phancies in\n    translating some of David's Psalms. For whose satisfaction, and his\n    own, he translated the first fifty of them; and, after flying to\n    Geneva, grew acquainted with Beza, who in some tract of time translated\n    the other hundred also, and caused them to be fitted unto several\n    times; which hereupon began to be sung in private houses, and by\n    degrees to be taken up in all the churches of the French, and other\n    nations which followed the Genevian platform. Marot's translation is\n    said by Strada to have been ignorantly and perversely done, as being\n    but the work of a man altogether unlearned; but not to be compared with\n    that barbarity and botching, which everywhere occurreth in the\n    translation of Sternhold and Hopkins. Which notwithstanding being first\n    allowed for private devotion, they were by little and little brought\n    into the use of the church, _permitted rather than allowed_ to be sung\n    before and after sermons; afterwards printed and bound up with the\n    Common Prayer Book, and at last added by the stationers at the end of\n    the Bible. For, though it is expressed in the title of those singing\n    psalms, that they were set forth and allowed to be sung in all churches\n    before and after Morning and Evening Prayer, and also before and after\n    sermons; yet this allowance seems rather to have been a _connivance_\n    than an _approbation_: no such allowance being anywhere found by such\n    as have been most industrious and concerned in the search thereof. At\n    first it was pretended only that the said Psalms should be sung before\n    and after Morning and Evening Prayer, and also before and after\n    sermons; which shows they were not to be intermingled in the public\n    Liturgie. But in some tract of time, as the Puritan faction grew in\n    strength and {461} confidence, they prevailed so far in most places, to\n    thrust the _Te Deum_, the _Benedictus_, the _Magnificat_, and the _Nunc\n    Dimittis_, quite out of the church. But of this more perhaps hereafter,\n    when we shall come to the discovery of the Puritan practices in the\n    times succeeding.\"\n\nJ. SANSOM.\n\nOxford.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nTHE SIGN OF THE CROSS IN THE GREEK CHURCH.\n\n(Vol. vii., p. 380.)\n\nThe cross, X, in the Greek Church, represents the initial of [Greek:\nChristos], the Messiah, the symbolic affixing of which (sealing) before and\nafter baptism indicates that the name of Christ is imposed on the believer,\nwho takes his new or Christian name at baptism. This mark on the forehead\nrefers to Revelation vii. 3., xiv. 1., xxii. 4. The longer catechism of\nthat church, in answer to the question, \"What force has the sign of the\ncross, used on this and other occasions?\" says, \"What the _name_ of Jesus\nChrist crucified is, when pronounced with faith by the motion of the lips,\nthe _very same_ is also the sign of the cross, when made with faith by _the\nmotion of the hand_, or represented in any other way.\" The authority quoted\nis Cyril of Jerusalem (_Cat. Lect._ xiii. 36.).\n\nIn the Western Church the cross, [Symbol: cross], represented the [Greek:\nstauros] whereon Christ suffered.\n\nBoth these crosses are now found in the Greek Church; and the Latin form,\n[Symbol: cross], has at least been used therein nine centuries, for in\nGoar's _Rituale Graecorum_ may be seen (pp. 114, 115. 126.) the icons of\nSaints Methodius, Germanus, and Cyrillus, whose vestments are embellished\nwith Latin crosses. The Latin cross is marked on the sacramental bread of\nthe Greek communion,--which bread is also impressed with an abbreviation of\nthe words on Constantine's labarum: \"Jesus Christ overcometh.\" (Eusebius's\n_Life of Constantine_, lib. i. c. 25.: compare with Goar's _Rituale\nGraecorum_, p. 117.)\n\nThe Latin cross, [Symbol: cross], is rarely found on the sepulchres in the\ncatacombs at Rome,--the most ancient Christian memorials; but, instead of\nit, a combination of the letters [Chi][Rho] prevails, as the monogram for\n\"Christ.\" Aringhi, in his _Roma Subterranea_ (Romae, 1651) says:\n\n    \"Illud autem fatendum nobis est, nullatenus ante felicissima\n    Constantini Magni ad fidem traducti tempora crucem publicae populorum\n    venerationi expositam fuisse.\"--Vol. ii. lib. vi. c. xiv. p. 546.\n\nThe following statement from Humphrey's _Montfaucon_ (vol. x. part ii. book\niii. cap. 1. p. 158.) is very clear as to the form of the cross:\n\n    \"The cross, made with beams put together, had the shape of the\n    Samaritan _tau_, says St. Jerome, whose words are these: 'In the oldest\n    _Hebrew_ letters, which the Samaritans now make use of, the last, which\n    is _tau_, had the form of a cross.' This _tau_, like a cross, was like\n    the [Tau] of the Greeks, according to Paulinus, who says that the shape\n    of the cross is expressed by the Greek letter _tau_, which stands for\n    three hundred. The cross of our Lord was something different from the\n    letter _tau_; the beam that was fixed in the earth crossing that which\n    was athwart it above, and made as it were a head by rising above it:\n    such a cross we see in the medals of Constantine the Great, in this\n    form, [Symbol: cross], and such is it found described in the most\n    ancient Christian monuments; this is the form of the cross which St.\n    Jerome means, when he compares it to birds flying, to a man swimming,\n    and to a man praying to God, with his arms extended.\"\n\nThe Greek church has retained _both_ forms: the Latin Church, in its\nignorance of the Greek language, has lost the more important symbol. These\nforms were probably invented by Constantine, who used them on his helmet,\nas crests were afterwards used in the ages of chivalry.\n\nT. J. BUCKTON.\n\nBirmingham.\n\nThe difference between the manner in which the members of the Greek and\nthose of the Latin Church used to sign themselves with the sign of the\ncross is this: both used the right hand, the thumb and first and second\nfingers open, and the third and fourth closed; both began at the forehead,\nand descended to the breast: but in crossing that vertical line by an\nhorizontal one, from one shoulder to the other, the _Greeks go from the\nright to the left_, but the _Latins from the left to the right_. It is\nsaid, that in the Latin Church, up to the thirteenth century, the cross\nline was traced indifferently from either shoulder.\n\nWhilst there is this difference between the Greek and Latin sign of the\ncross when made upon oneself, there is also a difference between the two\nwhen made upon others. The Latin _Benediction_ is given with the thumb and\nthe first two fingers open; the third and fourth fingers remaining closed.\nThis arrangement of the the fingers is symbolical of the Trinity: the three\nopen fingers signifying the three divine persons, and the two closed\nfingers being emblematic of the two natures of Christ.\n\nThe Greek benediction is given with the forefinger entirely open; the\nmiddle finger slightly bent, the thumb crossed upon the third finger, and\nthe little finger bent.\n\nIn the present day, however, in the Latin Church, a person making on\nhimself the sign of the cross, employs the right hand entirely open,\ninstead of three fingers only. And as it has been thought desirable to make\na distinction between the benediction given by a bishop and a priest,\nbishops reserved to themselves the right of blessing with three fingers;\nand priests give the benediction with the hand entirely open. {462}\n\nJ. C. B. will find this subject fully treated in Didron's _Christian\nIconography_, Bohn's edition, pp. 405. 412.; and an illustration of the\nLatin benediction at p. 205., and the Greek benediction at p. 176.\n\nCEYREP.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nPHOTOGRAPHIC NOTES AND QUERIES.\n\n_New Developing Fluid._--DR. DIAMOND has reported very favourably of the\ndeveloping fluid, which I spoke of in \"N. & Q.\" of March 12 as \"being\nsimple, inexpensive, and keeping good a length of time.\" In accordance with\nwhat I then stated, I herewith give the readers of \"N. & Q.\" the benefit of\nit, and leave them to form their own opinion of its value after trying it:\n\n  Protosulphate of iron   12 grs.\n  Nitrate of lead          8 grs.\n  Water                   10 drs.\n  Acetic acid              1/2 dr.\n\nDissolve the protosulphate of iron in the water; then throw in the nitrate\nof lead in powder; stir with glass rod until it is dissolved; keep stirring\nwhile pouring in the acetic acid, and for a few minutes afterwards. Let the\nprecipitate subside, then filter. I have used nothing else for positives on\nglass since I discovered the preparation. I have not tried it for\ndeveloping in the wax-paper or other paper process. The liquid is\ncolourless as water when first made. By long keeping it will change colour,\nbut throws down no deposit, nor loses its properties. If those gentlemen\nwho try it would give their opinions of it, I should be obliged.\n\nJ. L. SISSON.\n\nEdingthorpe Rectory.\n\n    [Since this was in type, MR. SISSON has written to say, that he has\n    been informed that the use of nitrate of lead has already been\n    recommended by MR. W. BROWN. MR. SISSON was not aware of that fact, but\n    is unwilling to appear in any way to appropriate to himself the\n    suggestion of another.--ED.]\n\n_Photographic Tent._--Can any of your readers inform me how, or where, to\nprocure an _effective tent_ for photographic operations out of doors? All\nthose I have yet seen are sadly wanting in the two great\nessentials--_portability_ and _cheapness_. If any one could suggest the\nmeans for supplying the desiderata, it would prove in the coming season a\nboon to photographers at large, and confer a favour on\n\nM. F. M.\n\n_Mr. Wilkinson's simple mode of levelling Cameras._--The following\ningenious suggestion appears in the 3rd Number of the _Journal of the\nPhotographic Society_, and deserves to be widely circulated. \"My plan is to\nplace a T-square on the bottom of the camera, and draw one perpendicular\nline on each side (exactly opposite to each other), either with paint or\npencil; or the ends of the camera itself will do if perpendicular to the\nbase. Then, having two musket bullets attached to a silk thread, simply\nhang them over the camera, and everything required will be attained much\nquicker by these plumb-lines, and with accuracy equal to the spirit-levels.\nThe advantage of the simple contrivance of two bullets suspended by threads\nis, that when the thread is laid across the camera, it is at once seen\nwhether the thread touches all the way down both sides; if not, one or\nother side of the camera is raised, until the thread lies close on each\nside: this gives the level crossways. The other perpendicular of the line\nis then sought for, and the back or front of the camera raised or lowered,\nuntil the thread cuts the line drawn below. Here then we have the most\nperfect line that can be obtained, at the expense of two bullets and a bit\nof silk, answering every purpose of the best spirit-level, and applied in\none-half the time. It has since occurred to me, that as we sometimes\nrequire to measure the distance for stereoscopic pictures, this thread\nought to be about three feet long; and we might as well make three knots,\nand then we should have the measure of a three-feet rule always with us. It\nhas also occurred to me, that in taking portraits you sometimes require to\nhave a measure of time; and by a little modification we have here the most\naccurate chronometer that can be produced. Instead of three feet, I make it\nthirty-nine inches and the decimal necessary, say two-tenths from the\ncentre of support to the centre of the bullet. I then get a pendulum which\nvibrates to second exactly, from the point of suspension to the point of\noscillation. I hang it by a pin, and I there have a chronometer of the\ngreatest possible accuracy; and I can employ it for taking portraits of\none, two, three, or four seconds: it will vibrate for a minute.\nConsequently I have a mode of levelling my camera with the greatest\naccuracy, a measure of time, and a measure of distance; and all at a cost\nconsiderably under one penny.\"\n\n_Antiquarian Photographic Club._--This association for the interchange of\nphotographic views of objects of antiquarian interest, has now nearly\nattained the number of members to which it is proposed to limit it. For the\nfew remaining vacancies preference will be given, for obvious reasons, to\nparties resident in varied localities. Any gentlemen or ladies desirous to\njoin the club, may send their names, with specimens of their skill, to the\n_Honorary Secretary_, care of Mr. Bell, 186. Fleet Street. The amount of\nthe annual subscription is not yet fixed, but as all that can be required\nwill be to meet the expenses incident to the receipt and interchange of the\nphotographs, it must necessarily be very limited.\n\n{463}\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nReplies to Minor Queries.\n\n_Erroneous Forms of Speech: Mangel Wurzel_ (Vol. vii., p. 329.).--Against\nthe dictum of E. G. R., I beg insertion of the following quotation from the\n_Agricultural Gazette_, March 4, 1848, p. 166.:\n\n    \"Mangold wurzel is simply the German of _beet-root_. 'Mangel wurzel,'\n    on the other hand, is one founded on an idea, which, though absurd, did\n    not the less effectually answer the object of those who introduced the\n    plant. 'Scarcity root,' or 'Famine root,' made a good heading to an\n    advertisement.\"\n\nAnd Rham, _Dictionary of the Farm_, p. 62.:\n\n    \"The German name is 'Mangold wurzel,' or 'Mangold root;' but it is\n    sometimes pronounced 'Mangel wurzel,' which means _scarcity root_; and,\n    by a strange translation, it is called in French _racine d'abondance_,\n    as well as _racine de disette_. The name of field-beet is much more\n    appropriate.\"\n\nI hope E. G. R. will, however, not insist on classing those who say and\nwrite \"mangold\" with those who would write \"reddishes, sparrowgrass, and\ncowcumbers.\" I should be sorry to be suspected of any one of the three\nlast; but \"mangold\" I will say and write till the authority of the best\nGerman scholars decrees otherwise.\n\nGEO. E. FRERE.\n\n_The Whetstone_ (Vol. vii., pp. 208. 319.).--Herbert, in his _Typographical\nAntiquities_, vol. ii. p. 1144., cites a book entitled, _Fower great Liers\nstriving who shall win the Silver Whetstone. Also a Resolution to the\nCountreyman, proving it utterly unlawful to buy or use our yearely\nPrognostications_, by W. P.: 8vo., printed by R. Waldegrave; no date.\n\nH. C.\n\n_Charade_ (Vol. vi., p. 604.).--\n\n \"By mystic sign and symbol known,\n  To Daniel, wise and meek, alone,\n  Was Persia's coming _wo_ foreshown.\n\n \"And in great Caesar's proudest day,\n  The Gospel held a mightier sway,\n  And _man_ shone forth with purest ray.\n\n \"But when, in Babylonia chain'd,\n  _Man_ of his deepening _wo_ complain'd,\n  A _woman_ conquering both, in faithful Esther reign'd.\"\n\nSOPHRONIA SPHYNX.\n\n_Parochial Libraries_ (Vol. vi., p. 432. &c.; Vol. vii., p.\n392.).--_Totnes_ may be added to the list of places containing parochial\nlibraries. The books are placed in presses in the vestry room of the\nchurch, and so preserved from loss and damage to which they were formerly\nsubjected. The collection is principally composed of works of divinity\npublished in the seventeenth century, the age of profound theological\nliterature. I noticed amongst the goodly array of weighty folios, the works\nof St. Augustine, the _Homilies_ of St. Chrysostom, works of St. Ambrose,\nSt. Gregory, &c., the works of the high and mighty King James, Birckbek's\n_Protestant Evidence_, and Walton's _Polyglott_. Nothing is known of the\nhistory and formation of this library. Inside the cover of one of the\nvolumes is the following inscription:\n\n    \"Totnes Library. The guift of Mr. Thomas Southcott, July 10. 1656.\"\n\nI found the following incorrect and antiquated piece of information\nrespecting this library in a flimsy work, published in 1850, entitled, _A\nGraphic and Historical Sketch of the Antiquities of Totnes_, by William\nCotton, F.S.A., _note_, p. 38.:\n\n    \"I know not what the library contains. I believe nothing more than\n    theological lumber. It is always locked up, and made no use of by those\n    who keep it, and it is inaccessible to those who would wish to examine\n    it. I was once there by accident, and looked into some books, which\n    were all on Divinity.\"\n\nJ. M. B.\n\nTunbridge Wells.\n\n_Judge Smith_ (Vol. vii., p. 13.).--Judge Smith lived towards the close of\nQueen Elizabeth's reign, and was noted for severity against witches. His\nmonument is in Chesterfield Church. He belonged to the ancient family\nseated at Dunston Hall, near that town, which I believe has lately ended in\nco-heiresses. The late Sir J. E. Smith was of the same family: his father,\na considerable merchant of Norwich, married a Kindersley descended from\nGeoffrey,--who was queried in Vol. vi., p. 603., and is ancestor of the\npresent Vice-Chancellor.\n\nZ. E. R.\n\n_Church Catechism_ (Vol. vii., p. 190.).--B. H. C. will confer a favour by\nprinting the Latin original of the Catechism.\n\nZ. E. R.\n\n_Charade attributed to Sheridan_ (Vol. vii., p. 379.).--Several years ago,\nI think in 1818 or 1819, a friend gave me some verses nearly similar to\nthose communicated by your correspondent BALLIOLENSIS, and requested me to\nascertain if they were Mrs. Piozzi's, as my friend had been told that they\nwere written by that lady. Soon afterwards I asked Mrs. Piozzi if she ever\nwrote a riddle on a gaming-table. She replied, \"Yes, a very long time ago.\"\nShe immediately repeated a line or two, and, after some consideration,\nrecited the following, which, she assured me, were her original\ncomposition. These lines, it will be observed, differ somewhat from those\nattributed to Sheridan, but they were probably the basis of those, and also\nof other versions of the riddle, which, I believe, are in existence. This\nstatement so thoroughly removes all uncertainty about the {464} author of\nthe original, that I trust you will deem it worthy of insertion in your\njournal.\n\n \"A place I here describe, how gay the scene!\n  Fresh, bright, and vivid with perpetual green,\n  Verdure attractive to the ravish'd sight,        }\n  Perennial joys, and ever new delight,            }\n  Charming at noon, more charming still at night.  }\n  Fair pools where fish in forms pellucid play;\n  Smooth lies the lawn, swift glide the hours away.\n  No mean dependence here on summer skies,\n  This spot rough winter's roughest blast defies.\n  Yet here the government is curs'd with change,\n  Knaves openly on either party range,\n  Assault their monarch, and avow the deed,\n  While honour fails, and tricks alone succeed;\n  For bold decemvirs here usurp the sway;          }\n  Now all some single demagogue obey,              }\n  False lights prefer, and hate the intruding day. }\n  Oh, shun the tempting shore, the dangerous coast,\n  Youth, fame, and fortune, stranded here, are lost!\"\n\nJ. S. S.\n\nBath.\n\n_Gesmas and Desmas_ (Vol. vii., pp. 238. 342.).--The names of the two\nthieves crucified with our blessed Saviour are variously written. In the\nverses quoted by A. B. R. (p. 238.) they are written _Gesmas and Desmas_.\nIn the edition of the Gospel of Nicodemus, quoted by W. C. H. (p. 342.),\n_i.e._ the edition of \"William Hone, Ludgate Hill, 1820,\" the names are\nwritten _Gestas and Dimas_. He also gives an authority for the spelling\n\"_Dismas and Gestas_.\" I find them written in the edition I have of the\nGospel of Nicodemus, _i. e._ \"Hutman's, London, 1818,\" _Dismas and Gesmas_\n(pp. 87, 88.). Elsewhere I have met with them written as in the following\nverse, _Gistas and Dismas_:\n\n \"Gistas damnatur, Dismas ad astra levatur,\"\n\nwhich I have ventured to translate:\n\n \"Gistas to hell--with Dismas all goes well;\"\n\nor perhaps better thus:\n\n \"Gistas goes down, Dismas receives a crown.\"\n\nThe names of these two men in early life is said to have been _Titus_ and\n_Dumachus_: see the _Evangelium Infantiae_, quoted by Hutman (p. 13.).\n\nCEYREP.\n\n_Lode_ (Vol. v., pp. 345. 350.).--There is in Gloucester a church and\nparish called Saint Mary de Lode, touching which Mr. Fosbroke (_History of\nCity of Gloucester_, p. 341.) observes:\n\n    \"This parish is said to have derived the adjunct of _Lode_ from the\n    Severn formerly running near it; and this may have been the fact, but\n    it is not easy to give a satisfactory explanation of the term.\"\n\nI would remark, that as the term _Lode_ may be considered a general name\nfor any navigable river, that if it be a fact that the river Severn did\nformerly run near the parish in question, it appears to me not difficult to\ngive a satisfactory explanation of the term by which such parish is\ndistinguished from St. Mary de Crypt and St. Mary de Grace.\n\nC. H. COOPER.\n\nCambridge.\n\n_Epitaphs imprecatory_ (Vol. vii., p. 256).--I have no doubt that the\nchurchyards of Scotland will furnish many examples of the embittered\nfeelings which religious persecution produced, during the latter half of\nthe seventeenth century; and as a specimen I forward the following, which\nis found in the churchyard of Dalgarnock, in Dumfriesshire. The Duke of\nYork alluded to was afterwards James II.; and the descendants of Mr.\nHarkness are still most respectable inhabitants of the parish of Closeburn,\nwhich has been united to Dalgarnock:\n\n    \"Here Lyes the body of JAMES HARKNESS, in Locherben, who died 6th Dec.\n    1723, aged 72 years.\n\n     \"Belo this stone his dust doth ly,\n      Who indured 28 years\n      Persecution by tirrany\n      Did him pursue with echo and cry\n      Though many a lonesome place,\n      At last by Clavers he was taen\n        Sentenced for to dy;\n      But God, who for his soul took care,\n      Did him from prison bring,\n      Because no other Cause they had\n      But that he ould not give up\n      With Christ his Glorious King.\n      And swear allegence to that beast,\n      The duke of York I mean.\n      In spite of all there hellish rage\n      A natural death he died\n      In full assurance of his rest\n      With Christ ieternalie.\"\n\nThe following may be given as an example of a punning epitaph. It is found\nin St. Anne's churchyard, in the Isle of Man, and is said to have been\nwritten by Sir Wadsworth Busk, who was for many years attorney-general of\nthe island:\n\n \"Here, Friend, is little Daniel's Tomb,\n    To Joseph's age he did arrive;\n  Sloth killing thousands in their bloom,\n    While labour kept poor Dan alive.\n  Though strange yet true, full seventy years\n  Was his wife happy in her _Tears_.\n\n    DANIEL TEAR died December 9th, 1787, aged 110 years.\"\n\nC. T. R.\n\n_Straw-bail_ (Vol. vii., pp. 85. 342.).--The origin of the expression \"a\nman of straw\" may be traced to those mannikins or effigies representing the\nhuman figure, which are (or used to be) paraded in the streets during the\nCarnival in most continental countries. These mannikins were {465}\ngenerally stuffed with _straw_; and hence, in legal phraseology, \"a man of\nstraw\" denotes the semblance of a man--a person of neither substance nor\nresponsibility, who is put forward to screen a real delinquent, or bear the\nbrunt of a prosecution. Such, at least, is the origin commonly assigned by\nthe French to their \"homme de paille,\" the prototype of our \"man of straw.\"\n\nHENRY H. BREEN.\n\nSt. Lucia.\n\n_How to stain Deal_ (Vol. vii., p. 356).--If C. will apply by letter or\notherwise to Mr. Henry Stevens, 54. Stamford Street, Blackfriars Road, he\nwill learn every particular, and be furnished with samples of its effect on\ncommon deal, as now very extensively used in churches, school-rooms, &c.\n\n_Detached Belfry Towers_ (Vol. vii., pp. 333. 416.).--Add to the list,\nMarston Morteyne in Bedfordshire, not far from Ampthill, and Gunwalloe, in\nCornwall, about five miles south of Helston. Gunwalloe tower appears to be\nmuch older than the church, and faces the south-west angle of the nave,\nfrom which it is distant about fourteen feet.\n\nJ. M. B.\n\nTunbridge Wells.\n\nCAMBRENSIS has forgotten that the _cloich teachs_ (bell-houses), or round\nbelfries, peculiar to Ireland, and which have become famous as \"round\ntowers,\" are almost always separate from the churches.\n\nJAMES GRAVES.\n\nKilkenny.\n\nTo your instances of detached belfries in England add Magdalene College and\nNew College in Oxford, and Woburn in Bedfordshire.\n\nH. C.\n\nThurles.\n\nDetached church-towers exist at Beccles, Suffolk, and at East Dereham,\nNorfolk.\n\nG. J. C.\n\nOxford.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nMiscellaneous.\n\nNOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.\n\nThe anniversary of the Camden Society on Monday last, when Mr. Peter\nCunningham, Sir F. Madden, and Sir C. Young were elected on the Council,\nwas distinguished by two departures from the usual routine: one, a special\nvote of thanks to Sir Harry Verney for placing his family papers at the\nservice of the Society; and the other, a general expression of satisfaction\non the part of the members at the steps taken by the Council to bring under\nthe consideration of the Commission appointed to inquire into the laws\nregarding matters testamentary, the great impediments thrown in the way of\nall historical and literary inquirers by the authorities in the Prerogative\nOffice.\n\nIt does not require the skill of an Oedipus to divine that in giving us so\ngraphic a picture of _The Vicar and his Duties_, the Rev. A. Gatty has had\nthe advantage of sketching from the life, and that his portraiture of\n\n             \"A good man of religioun\n  That as a poore Persone of a toun;\n  But riche he was of holy thought and werke.\"\n\nis as much a true effigy, though taken with pen and ink, as if he had put\nthat capital parish priest, the Vicar of Leeds, before his camera. To the\nmany friends of Dr. Hook, this little volume will be deeply interesting.\n\nBOOKS RECEIVED.--Pulleyn's _Etymological Compendium, or Portfolio of\nOrigins and Inventions. Third Edition, revised and improved, by_ Merton A.\nThoms. This new edition of a very popular and useful little book has had\nthe advantage of a thorough revision, and contains much new and interesting\ninformation.--Longman's _Traveller's Library_ has lately been enriched by\ntwo of Mr. Macaulay's brilliant essays, viz. on _Lord Byron_ and _The Comic\nDramatists of the Restoration_, and by a carefully compiled life of\n_Marshal Turenne_ by the Rev. T. O. Cockayne: while Mr. Murray has added to\nhis valuable collection of _Railway Readings_, a reprint of _The Life of\nLord Bacon_, by his noble biographer Lord Campbell.--_Reynard the Fox,\nafter the German Version of Goethe, with Illustrations by_ J. Wolf. Part V.\nThis translation is kept up with spirit, and the present number carries us\nto _The Pardon_ of the wily transgressor.--Mr. Bohn has put forth numerous\nfresh claims on the favour of poor scholars: in his _Standard Library_ he\nhas given a third volume of _Miss Bremer's Works_, containing _Home_ and\n_Strife and Peace_; in his _Classical Library_ he continues the translation\nof _Aristotle_ in _The Politics and Economics_, translated by G. Walford,\nM.A.; in his _Antiquarian Library_, he has continued in his series of\ntranslations of Early English Chronicles by giving us in one volume a\ntranslation of _Henry of Huntingdon_, and also of the _Gesta Stephani_;\nwhile he will have done good service to naturalists and keepers of aviaries\nand cage birds by the edition of Bechstein's _Cage and Chamber Birds_ and\nSweet's _Warblers_, which he has included in the same volume of his\n_Illustrated Library_.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nBOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE.\n\nJACOB'S ENGLISH PEERAGE. Folio Edition, 1766. Vols. II., III., and IV.\n\nGAMMER GURTON'S NEEDLE.\n\nALISON'S EUROPE. (20 Vols.) Vols. XIII., XX.\n\nTILLOTSON. Vols. I., II., IV., V., XI. 12mo. Tonson, London, 1748.\n\nLIVY. Vol. I. 12mo. Maittaire, London, 1722.\n\nANNALS AND MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY. Vols. I., II., III., IV., V., XIX.,\nXX. 5s. each. The above in Parts or Monthly Numbers will do.\n\nTHE AVIARY, OR MAGAZINE OF BRITISH MELODY.\n\nA COLLECTION OF DIVERTING SONGS, AIRS, &c. both published about the middle\nof last century.\n\nCHURCHMAN'S SHEET ALMANAC: all the Years.\n\nGRETTON'S INTRODUCTION TO TRANSLATION, &c. Part II.\n\nVIEWS OF ARUNDEL HOUSE IN THE STRAND, 1646. London, published by T. Thane,\nRupert Street, Haymarket. 1792.\n\nPARKER'S GLOSSARY OF ARCHITECTURE. 2nd Edition.\n\nPICKERING'S STATUTES AT LARGE. 8vo. Edit. Camb. From 46 Geo. III. cap. 144.\n(Vol. XLVI. Part I.) to 1 Wm. IV.\n\nEUROPEAN MAGAZINE. Nos. for May, 1817; January, February, May, June, 1818;\nApril, June, July, October, and December, 1819. {466}\n\nSTANHOPE'S PARAPHRASE OF EPISTLES AND GOSPELS. London, 1732. Vols. III. and\nIV.\n\nTHE LAWYER AND MAGISTRATE'S MAGAZINE, complete, or single Volumes, _circa_\n1805-1810.\n\nTODD'S CYCLOPAEDIA OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY.\n\nPHELP'S HISTORY AND ANTIQUITIES OF SOMERSETSHIRE. Part 4., and Parts 9. to\nend.\n\nBAYLE'S DICTIONARY. English Version, by DE MAIZEAUX. London, 1738. Vols. I.\nand II.\n\nSWIFT'S (DEAN) WORKS. Dublin: G. Faulkner. 19 volumes. 1768. Vol. I.\n\nTRANSACTIONS OF THE MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. Vols. I. and II.\n\nARCHAEOLOGIA. Vols. III., IV., V., VIII. Boards.\n\nMARTYN'S PLANTAE CANTABRIGIENSES. 12mo. London, 1763.\n\nABBOTSFORD EDITION OF THE WAVERLEY NOVELS. Odd Vols.\n\nTHE TRUTH TELLER. A Periodical.\n\nR. MANT'S CHURCH ARCHITECTURE CONSIDERED IN RELATION TO THE MIND OF THE\nCHURCH. 8vo. Belfast, 1840.\n\nJ. L. PETIT'S CHURCH ARCHITECTURE. 2 Vols.\n\nCAMBRIDGE CAMDEN SOCIETY'S TRANSACTIONS. Vol. III.--ELLICOTT ON VAULTING.\n\nQUARTERLY REVIEW, 1845.\n\nCOLLIER'S FURTHER VINDICATION OF HIS SHORT VIEW OF THE STAGE. 1708.\n\nCONGREVE'S AMENDMENT OF COLLIER'S FALSE AND IMPERFECT CITATIONS. 1698.\n\nBEDFORD'S SERIOUS REFLECTIONS ON THE ABUSES OF THE STAGE. 8vo. 1705.\n\n*** _Correspondents sending Lists of Books Wanted are requested to send\ntheir names._\n\n*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be\nsent to MR. BELL, Publisher of \"NOTES AND QUERIES,\" 186. Fleet Street.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nNotices to Correspondents.\n\nJ. N. C. _will see by this week's Number, that the line to which he refers\nis from_ Hamlet.\n\nK. R. H. M.'s _communication was marked for insertion before we received\nhis Note_.\n\nW. F. _We were quite unable to attend to your wishes this week._\n\nSTUPIDITAS. _We have never known such failures to take place as you\ndescribe. In all probability you have not_ perfectly _immersed your paper\nin the saline solution. Half a drachm of muriate of soda, and the same\nquantity of muriate of barytes and muriate of ammonia, dissolved in a quart\nof water, forms a very excellent application for the paper, previous to the\nuse of the ammonio-nitrate._\n\nH. HENDERSON. _Any application applied to your window would in a great part\nobstruct the light. Brushing it over with starch might be tried._\n\nB--Z. _Yes. Many of the very best pictures in the_ Photographic Exhibition\nin Bond Street, _as we may probably take an opportunity of pointing out in\nsome future notice of that interesting collection, are from collodion\nnegatives._\n\nPRICE OF IODIDE OF POTASSIUM. _I beg to say that the price named by me_,\ni. e. 1s. 3d. _per oz., for iodide of potassium, is quoted from the list of\nMessrs. Simpson and Maule, Kensington Road._\n\nF. MAXWELL LYTE.\n\nTorquay.\n\n_A few complete sets of_ \"NOTES AND QUERIES,\" Vols. i. _to_ vi., _price\nThree Guineas, may now be had; for which early application is desirable._\n\n\"NOTES AND QUERIES\" _is published at noon on Friday, so that the Country\nBooksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcels, and deliver them to\ntheir Subscribers on the Saturday._\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nMR. HALLIWELL'S\nFOLIO EDITION OF SHAKSPEARE.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nSPECIMEN COPIES of the First Volume of this Work may be seen at MR.\nSKEFFINGTON'S, 192. Piccadilly, and at MR. RUSSELL SMITH'S, 36. Soho\nSquare, London.\n\nThe Editor having, at a great sacrifice, adhered to the original limit, and\nthe estimates having been considered exceeded, has been compelled, to avoid\nincurring an extravagant loss, to make the terms very absolute, and to\nraise the Subscription to the later copies. Notwithstanding, therefore, the\ngreat demand for the Work, a few copies may still be secured by early\nwritten application.\n\nAll communications on the subject are request to be addressed to--\n\n  J. O. HALLIWELL, ESQ., AVENUE LODGE, BRIXTON HILL, SURREY.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nOPENING OF THE PHOTOGRAPHIC SCHOOL.--ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.\n\nThe spacious Plate Glass House, 30 feet by 15, with the Class Rooms and\nLadies' Apartment, being nearly completed, Classes or Private Lessons,\nembracing all branches of Photography, are now forming.\n\nA perfect Apparatus with Ross's finest Lenses has been procured, and every\nnew improvement will be added.\n\nThe School is under the joint direction of T. A. MALONE, Esq., who has been\nlong connected with Photography, and J. H. PEPPER, Esq., the Chemist to the\nInstitution.\n\nA Prospectus, with terms, may be had at the Institution.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nPHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER.--Negative and Positive Papers of Whatman's, Turner's,\nSanford's, and Canson Freres' make. Waxed-Paper for Le Gray's Process.\nIodized and Sensitive Paper for every kind of Photography.\n\nSold by JOHN SANFORD, Photographic Stationer, Aldine Chambers, 13.\nPaternoster Row, London.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nPHOTOGRAPHY.--Collodion (Iodized with the Ammonio-Iodide of Silver).--J. B.\nHOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 289. Strand, were the first in England who\npublished the application of this agent (see _Athenaeum_, Aug. 14th). Their\nCollodion (price 9d. per oz.) retains its extraordinary sensitiveness,\ntenacity, and colour unimpaired for months; it may be exported to any\nclimate, and the Iodizing Compound mixed as required. J. B. HOCKIN & CO.\nmanufacture PURE CHEMICALS and all APPARATUS with the latest Improvements\nadapted for all the Photographic and Daguerreotype processes. Cameras for\nDeveloping in the open Country. GLASS BATHS adapted to any Camera. Lenses\nfrom the best Makers. Waxed and Iodized Papers, &c.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nPHOTOGRAPHY.--HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining Instantaneous\nViews, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, according to light.\n\nPortraits obtained by the above, for the delicacy of detail rival the\nchoicest Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their\nEstablishment.\n\nAlso every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used in this\nbeautiful Art.--123. and 121. Newgate Street.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nPHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES.--A Selection of the above beautiful Productions\n(comprising Views in VENICE, PARIS, RUSSIA, NUBIA, &c.) may be seen at\nBLAND & LONG'S, 153. Fleet Street, where may also be procured Apparatus of\nevery Description, and pure Chemicals for the practice of Photography in\nall its Branches.\n\nCalotype, Daguerreotype, and Glass Pictures for the Stereoscope.\n\nBLAND & LONG, Opticians, Philosophical and Photographical Instrument\nMakers, and Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nTO PARENTS, GUARDIANS, RESIDENTS IN INDIA, &c.--A Lady residing within an\nhour's drive westward of Hyde Park, and in a most healthy and cheerful\nsituation, is desirous of taking the entire charge of a little girl, to\nshare with her only child (about a year and a half old) her maternal care\nand affection, together with the strictest attention to mental training.\nTerms, including every possible expense except medical attendance, 100l.\nper annum. If required, the most unexceptionable references can be\nfurnished.\n\nAddress to T. B. S., care of MR. BELL, Publisher, 186. Fleet Street. {467}\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nSPECTACLES.--WM. ACKLAND applies his medical knowledge as a Licentiate of\nthe Apothecaries' Company, London, his theory as a Mathematician, and his\npractice as a Working Optician, aided by Smee's Optometer, in the selection\nof Spectacles suitable to every derangement of vision, so as to preserve\nthe sight to extreme old age.\n\nACHROMATIC TELESCOPES, with the New Vetzlar Eye-pieces, as exhibited at the\nAcademy of Sciences in Paris. The Lenses of these Eye-pieces are so\nconstructed that the rays of light fall nearly perpendicular to the surface\nof the various lenses, by which the aberration is completely removed; and a\ntelescope so fitted gives one-third more magnifying power and light than\ncould be obtained by the old Eye-pieces. Prices of the various sizes on\napplication to\n\nWM. ACKLAND, Optician, 93. Hatton Garden, London.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nHEAL & SON'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF BEDSTEADS, sent free by post. It\ncontains designs and prices of upwards of ONE HUNDRED different Bedsteads;\nalso of every description of Bedding, Blankets, and Quilts. And their new\nwarerooms contain an extensive assortment of Bed-room Furniture, Furniture\nChintzes, Damasks, and Dimities, so as to render their Establishment\ncomplete for the general furnishing of Bed-rooms.\n\nHEAL & SON, Bedstead and Bedding Manufacturers, 196. Tottenham Court Road.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nBENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION, No. 1. Class X.,\nin Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all Climates,\nmay now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold London-made\nPatent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 4\nguineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas.\nDitto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, with\nChronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket\nChronometer, Gold 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch skilfully\nexamined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2l., 3l., and\n4l. Thermometers from 1s. each.\n\nBENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, the\nBoard of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen\n\n65. CHEAPSIDE.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nSAVE FIFTY PER CENT. by purchasing your WATCHES direct from the\nMANUFACTURER, at the WHOLESALE TRADE PRICE.\n\n                                         L.  s.  d.\n  Gold Watches, extra jewelled, with all\n    the recent improvements               3  15  0\n  Ditto, with the three-quarter plate\n    movement, and stouter cases           4  10  0\n  Silver Watches, with same movements\n    as the Gold                           2   0  0\n  Ditto, with the lever escapement, eight\n    holes jewelled                        2  15  0\n\nAnd every other description of Watch in the same proportion.\n\nA written warranty for accurate performance is given with every Watch, and\ntwelve months allowed.\n\nHandsome morocco cases for same, 2s. extra.\n\nEmigrants supplied with Watches suitable for Australia.--Merchants,\nCaptains, and the Trade supplied in any quantities on very favourable\nterms.\n\n                                       L.  s.  d.\n  Gentlemen's fine Gold Albert Chains   1  10  0\n  Ladies' ditto, Neck ditto             1  15  0\n\nSent carefully packed, post free, and registered, on receipt of Post-Office\nor Banker's Order, payable to\n\nDANIEL ELLIOTT HEDGER,\n\nWholesale Watch Manufacturer, 27. City Road, near Finsbury Square, London.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nPEOPLE'S EDITION OF\nALISON'S HISTORY OF EUROPE\n\nFROM THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION TO THE BATTLE OF WATERLOO.\n\n  In 44 MONTHLY PARTS, at One Shilling;\n  In WEEKLY NUMBERS, at Three-halfpence;\n  In 12 QUARTERLY VOLUMES, at Four Shillings;\n\nPART I. and NO. I. are now ready, and may be had of all Booksellers and\nNewsmen.\n\nWILLIAM BLACKWOOD & SONS, EDINBURGH AND LONDON.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nCLERICAL, MEDICAL, AND GENERAL LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nEstablished 1824.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nFIVE BONUSES have been declared: at the last in January, 1852, the sum of\n131,125l. was added to the Policies, producing a Bonus varying with the\ndifferent ages from 241/2 to 55 per cent. on the Premiums paid during the\nfive years, or from 5l. to 12l. 10s. per cent. on the Sum Assured.\n\nThe small share of Profit divisible in future among the Shareholders being\nnow provided for, the ASSURED will hereafter derive all the benefits\nobtainable from a Mutual Office, WITHOUT ANY LIABILITY OR RISK OF\nPARTNERSHIP.\n\nPOLICIES effected before the 30th of June next, will be entitled, at the\nnext Division, to one year's additional share of Profits over later\nAssurers.\n\nOn Assurances for the whole of Life only one half of the Premiums need be\npaid for the first five years.\n\nINVALID LIVES may be Assured at rates proportioned to the risk.\n\nClaims paid _thirty_ days after proof of death, and all Policies are\n_Indisputable_ except in cases of fraud.\n\nTables of Rates and forms of Proposal can be obtained of any of the\nSociety's Agents, or of\n\nGEORGE H. PINCKARD, Resident Secretary.\n\n_99. Great Russell Street, Bloomsbury, London._\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nESTABLISHED 1841.\n\nMEDICAL, INVALID,\nAND\nGENERAL LIFE OFFICE,\n\n25. PALL MALL.\n\nDuring the last Ten Years, this Society has issued more than _Four Thousand\nOne Hundred and Fifty Policies_--\n\nCovering Assurances to the extent of _One Million Six Hundred and\nEighty-seven Thousand Pounds, and upwards_--\n\nYielding Annual Premiums amounting to _Seventy-three Thousand Pounds_.\n\nThis Society is the only one possessing Tables for the Assurance of\nDiseased Lives.\n\nHealthy Lives Assured at Home and Abroad at lower rates than at most other\nOffices.\n\nA Bonus of 50 per cent. on the premiums paid was added to the policies at\nlast Division of Profits.\n\nNext Division in 1853--in which all Policies effected before 30th June,\n1853, will participate.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nAgents wanted for vacant places.\n\nProspectuses, Forms of Proposal, and every other information, may be\nobtained of the Secretary at the Chief Office, or on application to any of\nthe Society's Agents in the country.\n\n  F.G.P. NEISON, Actuary.\n  C. DOUGLAS SINGER, Secretary.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nNEW ACHROMATIC MICROSCOPES on MR. PRITCHARD'S Construction, Micrometers,\nPolarizing Apparatus, Object-glasses, and Eye-pieces. S. STRAKER supplies\nany of the above of the first quality, and will forward by post free a new\npriced List of Microscopes and Apparatus.\n\n162. FLEET STREET, LONDON.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nWESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY,\n\n3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.\n\nFounded A.D. 1842.\n\n_Directors._\n\n  H. E. Bicknell, Esq.\n  W. Cabell, Esq.\n  T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq. M.P.\n  G. H. Drew, Esq.\n  W. Evans, Esq.\n  W. Freeman, Esq.\n  F. Fuller, Esq.\n  J. H. Goodhart, Esq.\n  T. Grissell, Esq.\n  J. Hunt, Esq.\n  J. A. Lethbridge, Esq.\n  E. Lucas, Esq.\n  J. Lys Seager, Esq.\n  J. B. White, Esq.\n  J. Carter Wood, Esq.\n\n_Trustees._\n\nW. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; L. C. Humfrey, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq.\n\n_Physician._--William Rich. Basham, M.D.\n\n_Bankers._--Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross.\n\nVALUABLE PRIVILEGE.\n\nPOLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary\ndifficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to\nsuspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed on\nthe Prospectus.\n\nSpecimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in\nthree-fourths of the Profits:--\n\n  Age      _L  s.  d._\n   17       1  14   4\n   22       1  18   8\n   27       2   4   5\n   32       2  10   8\n   37       2  18   6\n   42       3   8   2\n\nARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary.\n\nNow ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material additions,\nINDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE on BENEFIT BUILDING\nSOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment, exemplified in\nthe Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a\nMathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR\nSCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3.\nParliament Street, London.\n\n{468}\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nThe Camden Society,\nFOR THE PUBLICATION OF\nEARLY HISTORICAL AND LITERARY REMAINS.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nTHE CAMDEN SOCIETY is instituted to perpetuate, and render accessible,\nwhatever is valuable, but at present little known, amongst the materials\nfor the Civil, Ecclesiastical, or Literary History of the United Kingdom;\nand it accomplishes that object by the publication of Historical Documents,\nLetters, Ancient Poems, and whatever else lies within the compass of its\ndesigns, in the most convenient form, and at the least possible expense\nconsistent with the production of useful volumes.\n\nThe Subscription to the Society is 1l. per annum, which becomes due in\nadvance on the first day of May in every year, and is received by MESSRS.\nNICHOLS 25. PARLIAMENT STREET, or by the several LOCAL SECRETARIES. Members\nmay compound for their future Annual Subscriptions, by the payment of\n10_l_. over and above the Subscription for the current year. The\ncompositions received have been funded in the Three per Cent. Consols to an\namount exceeding 900l. No Books are delivered to a Member until his\nSubscription for the current year has been paid. New Members are admitted\nat the Meetings of the Council held on the First Wednesday in every month.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nThe Publications for the past year (1851-2) were:\n\n52. PRIVY PURSE EXPENSES of CHARLES II. and JAMES II. Edited by J. Y.\nAKERMAN, Esq., Sec. S.A.\n\n53. THE CHRONICLE OF THE GREY FRIARS OF LONDON. Edited from a MS. in the\nCottonian Library by J. GOUGH NICHOLS, Esq., F.S.A.\n\n54. PROMPTORIUM: An English and Latin Dictionary of Words in Use during the\nFifteenth Century, compiled chiefly from the Promptorium Parvulorum. By\nALBERT WAY, Esq. M.A., F.S.A. Vol. II. (M to R.) (In the Press.)\n\nBooks for 1852-3.\n\n55. THE SECOND VOLUME OF THE CAMDEN MISCELLANY, containing, 1. Expenses of\nJohn of Brabant 1292-3; 2. Household Accounts of Princess Elizabeth,\n1551-2; 3. Requeste and Suite of a True-hearted Englishman, by W.\nCholmeley, 1553; 4. Discovery of the Jesuits' College at Clerkenwell,\n1627-8; 5. Trelawny Papers; 6. Autobiography of Dr. William Taswell.--Now\nready for delivery to all Members not in arrear of their Subscription.\n\n56. THE VERNEY PAPERS. A Selection from the Correspondence of the Verney\nFamily during the reign of Charles I. to the year 1639. From the Originals\nin the possession of Sir Harry Verney, Bart. To be edited by JOHN BRUCE,\nESQ., Trea. S.A.\n\n57. REGULAE INCLUSARUM: THE ANCREN REWLE. A Treatise on the Rules and Duties\nof Monastic Life, in the Anglo-Saxon Dialect of the Thirteenth Century\naddressed to a Society of Anchorites, being a translation from the Latin\nWork of Simon de Ghent, Bishop of Salisbury. To be edited from MSS. in the\nCottonian Library, British Museum, with an Introduction, Glossarial Notes,\n&c., by the REV. JAMES MORTON, B.D., Prebendary of Lincoln. (Will be ready\nimmediately.)\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nThe following Works are at Press, and will be issued from time to time, as\nsoon as ready:\n\n58. THE CORRESPONDENCE OF LADY BRILLIANA HARLEY, during the Civil Wars. To\nbe edited by the REV. T. T. LEWIS, M.A. (Will be ready immediately.)\n\nROLL of the HOUSEHOLD EXPENSES of RICHARD SWINFIELD, Bishop of Hereford, in\nthe years 1289, 1290, with Illustrations from other and coeval Documents.\nTo be edited by the REV. JOHN WEBB, M.A., F.S.A.\n\nTHE DOMESDAY OF ST. PAUL'S: a Description of the Manors belonging to the\nChurch of St. Paul's in London in the year 1222. By the VEN. ARCHDEACON\nHALE.\n\nROMANCE OF JEAN AND BLONDE, OF OXFORD, by Philippe de Reims, an\nAnglo-Norman Poet of the latter end of the Twelfth Century. Edited, from\nthe unique MS. in the Royal Library at Paris, by M. LE ROUX DE LINCY,\nEditor of the Roman de Brut.\n\nCommunications from Gentlemen desirous of becoming Members may be addressed\nto the Secretary, or to Messrs. Nichols.\n\nWILLIAM J. THOMS, Secretary. 25. Parliament Street, Westminster.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nWORKS OF THE CAMDEN SOCIETY, AND ORDER OF THEIR PUBLICATION.\n\n  1. Restoration of King Edward IV.\n  2. Kyng Johan, by Bishop Bale.\n  3. Deposition of Richard II.\n  4. Plumpton Correspondence.\n  5. Anecdotes and Traditions.\n  6. Political Songs.\n  7. Hayward's Annals of Elizabeth.\n  8. Ecclesiastical Documents.\n  9. Norden's Description of Essex.\n  10. Warkworth's Chronicle.\n  11. Kemp's Nine Daies Wonder.\n  12. The Egerton Papers.\n  13. Chronica Jocelini de Brakelonda.\n  14. Irish Narratives, 1641 and 1690.\n  15. Rishanger's Chronicle.\n  16. Poems of Walter Mapes.\n  17. Travels of Nicander Nucius.\n  18. Three Metrical Romances.\n  19. Diary of Dr. John Dee.\n  20. Apology for the Lollards.\n  21. Rutland Papers.\n  22. Diary of Bishop Cartwright.\n  23. Letters of Eminent Literary Men.\n  24. Proceedings against Dame Alice Kyteler.\n  25. Promptorium Parvulorum: Tom. I.\n  26. Suppression of the Monasteries.\n  27. Leycester Correspondence.\n  28. French Chronicle of London.\n  29. Polydore Vergil.\n  30. The Thornton Romances.\n  31. Verney's Notes of the Long Parliament.\n  32. Autobiography of Sir John Bramston.\n  33. Correspondence of James Duke of Perth.\n  34. Liber de Antiquis Lezibus.\n  35. The Chronicle of Calais.\n  36. Polydore Vergil's History Vol. I.\n  37. Italian Relation of England.\n  38. Church of Middleham.\n  39. The Camden Miscellany, Vol. I.\n  40. Life of Ld. Grey of Wilton.\n  41. Diary of Walter Yonge, Esq.\n  42. Diary of Henry Machyn.\n  43. Visitation of Huntingdonshire.\n  44. Obituary of Rich. Smyth.\n  45. Twysden on the Government of England.\n  46. Letters of Elizabeth and James VI.\n  47. Chronicon Petroburgense.\n  48. Queen Jane and Queen Mary.\n  49. Bury Wills and Inventories.\n  50. Mapes de Nugis Curialium.\n  51. Pilgrimage of Sir R. Guylford.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nJust published, in 8vo., price 15_s_. cloth,\n\nGOETHE'S FAUST: With Copious English Notes, Grammatical, Philological, and\nExegetical, for Students of the German Language. By FALK LEBAHN, Ph.D.,\nAuthor of \"German in One Volume,\" &c.\n\n\"Not an idle addition to the many various impressions already existing in\nour literature of Goethe's masterpiece, but an edition prepared for the use\nof those students of German who read without a master. First we have the\noriginal text complete. Then the grammatical note, which occupy the place\nof a vocabulary, repeat the whole of the text in both German and English,\nclassified according to Doctor Lebahn's system, and with reciprocal\nreferences to the pages and rules of grammar. The plan is highly ingenious,\nand we may add that the numberous extracts from other German authors, which\nillustrate the meanings of Goethe, will be often found very curious and\ninteresting.\"--_Examiner._\n\nLondon: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, & LONGMANS.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nTHE GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE for MAY contains:--1. A Trip to the Gold Regions\nof Scotland. 2. Hepple Castle, and Hetchester, Northumberland; with\nEngravings. 3. Traits of the Trappists. 4. Treasury Warrant relating to\nRymer's Foedera and his MS. Collections. 5. \"Heydon with One Hand,\" an\nEnglish Duel in the Year 1600. 6. The Clothiers of Kendal, and their Trade\nTokens; with Engravings. 7. Christian Iconography: the Wheel of Human Life,\nor the Seven Ages. 8. A Biography, with Notes on the Glens of Antrim. 9.\nThe Gravestone of \"Dame Joan\" at the White Ladies. 10. Tower Royal. 11.\n\"Romeland\" at Queen Hithe, Billingsgate, and Waltham Abbey. 12. The Manor\nof Stotesden, Salop. 13. On supposed Springs and Showers of Blood. 14.\nEarly History of St. James's Park. With Notes of the Month, Reviews of New\nPublications, Reports of Archaeological Societies, Historical Chronicle, and\nOBITUARY, including Memoirs of Lord Skelmersdale, Sir Edward Kerrison,\nHenry Southern, Esq., Dr. Charlesworth, W. Nottidge, Esq., W. H. R. Brown,\nEsq., and many other eminent persons recently deceased. Price 2s. 6d.\n\nNICHOLS & SONS, 25. Parliament Street.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nThe Twenty-eighth Edition.\n\nNEUROTONICS, or the Art of Strengthening the Nerves, containing Remarks on\nthe influence of the Nerves upon the Health of Body and Mind, and the means\nof Cure for Nervousness, Debility, Melancholy, and all Chronic Diseases, by\nDR. NAPIER, M.D. London: HOULSTON & STONEMAN. Price 4d., or Post Free from\nthe Author for Five Penny Stamps.\n\n\"We can conscientiously recommend 'Neurotonics,' by Dr. Napier, to the\ncareful perusal of our invalid readers.\"--_John Bull Newspaper, June 5,\n1852._\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nJust published, price 1s., free by Post 1s. 4d.,\n\nTHE WAXED-PAPER PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESS of GUSTAVE LE GRAY'S NEW EDITION.\nTranslated from the French.\n\nSole Agents in the United Kingdom for VOIGHTLANDER & SON'S celebrated\nLenses for Portraits and Views.\n\nGeneral Depot for Turner's, Whatman's, Canson Freres', La Croix, and other\nTalbotype Papers.\n\nPure Photographic Chemicals.\n\nInstructions and Specimens in every Branch of the Art.\n\nGEORGE KNIGHT & SONS, Foster Lane, London.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nPrinted by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 10. Stonefield Street, in the Parish\nof St. Mary, Islington, at No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St.\nBride, in the City of London; and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186.\nFleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of\nLondon, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, May 7,\n1853.\n\nCorrections made to printed original.\n\np453. \"the reduction of the Irish rebels of 1641\" - \"French rebels\" in\noriginal, corrected in the next edition. Also \"Ballinakill\" corrects\noriginal \"Ballinakell\".","title":"Notes and Queries, Number 184, May 7, 1853: A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.","tradition":"myth-cosmogony","translated_text":null,"word_count":22449}