{"collection":"scripture-revelation","full_text_available":true,"graph_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/v2/api/page/gutenberg_21819/graph","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/v2/page/gutenberg_21819","id":"gutenberg_21819","license":"Public Domain (US)","rights_basis":"gutenberg_metadata_copyright_false","source":"gutenberg","source_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/21819","summary":null,"tags":["Category: Biographies","Category: History - Modern (1750+)","Category: Religion/Spirituality","Eskimos","Kallihirua, approximately 1834-1856"],"text":"E-text prepared by a www.PGDP.net volunteer, David T. Jones, and the\nProject Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team\n(https://www.pgdp.net) from page images generously made available by Early\nCanadiana Online (http://www.canadiana.org)\n\n\n\nNote: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this\n      file which includes the original illustrations.\n      See 21819-h.htm or 21819-h.zip:\n      (https://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/2/1/8/1/21819/21819-h/21819-h.htm)\n      or\n      (https://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/2/1/8/1/21819/21819-h.zip)\n\n\n      Images of the original pages are available through\n      Early Canadiana Online. See\n      http://www.canadiana.org/ECO/ItemRecord/38903?id=1941797aec72ba81\n\n\n\n\n\nKALLI, THE ESQUIMAUX CHRISTIAN.\n\nby\n\nTHE\n\nREV. T. B. MURRAY, M.A.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nPublished Under the Direction of\nthe Committee of General Literature and Education,\nAppointed by the Society for Promoting\nChristian Knowledge\n\n\nLONDON.\n\nPrinted for the\nSociety for Promoting Christian Knowledge,\nSold at the Depositories,\nGreat Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields,\n4, Royal Exchange, and 16, Hanover Street, Hanover Square,\nand by All Booksellers\n\n_Price Sixpence._\n\n[Illustration: Kallihirua, signature]\n\n\nKALLI, THE ESQUIMAUX CHRISTIAN.\n\nA Memoir\n\nby\n\nTHE REV. T. B. MURRAY, M.A.\n\nAuthor of \"Pitcairn, the Island, the People, and\nthe Pastor\"\n\n\nPublished Under the Direction of\nthe Committee of General Literature and Education,\nAppointed by the Society for Promoting\nChristian Knowledge\n\nLondon\n\nPrinted for the\nSociety for Promoting Christian Knowledge\nSold at the Depositories\nGreat Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields,\n4, Royal Exchange, and 16, Hanover Street, Hanover Square\nand by All Booksellers\n\n1856\n\n\n\n\nCONTENTS\n\n                                                PAGE\nKallihirua the Esquimaux                           7\nHer Majesty's Ship \"Assistance\"                    8\nCape York                                          9\nKallihirua on board the \"Assistance\"              10\nThe Esquimaux Graves                              11\nKallihirua's Family                               12\nLines on \"Kallihirua in the Ship\"                 13\nDescription of the Esquimaux                      15\nAdmiral Beechey's Account                         16\nThe Seal                                          17\nThe Narwhal                                       18\nSir W. Edward Parry's Account                     19\nNeed of Christian Instruction                     21\nKallihirua's Tribe                                22\nKallihirua in England                             ib.\nHis fondness for Prints and Drawings              23\nSeal Hunter                                       24\nSights in England                                 25\nGreat Exhibition of 1851                          26\nSt. Augustine's College                           27\nCollege Studies                                   28\nReverence for Sacred Places                       29\nIllness from changes in the Weather               30\nGreenland-Esquimaux Vocabulary                    31\nVisit to Kalli at College                         32\nHis Amusements and Occupations                    34\nBaptism of Kallihirua                             36\nStanzas by the Warden                             43\nKalli at St. John's, Newfoundland                 45\nDeath of Archdeacon Bridge                        47\nIntelligence from Newfoundland                    48\nAllusion to Prince Le Boo                         49\nAccounts from St John's                           50\nLetter from Kalli                                 51\nKalli's Illness and Death                         52\nLegacy to a Friend                                56\nFuneral                                           57\nIntended Memorial                                 58\nPractical Reflections                             59\nConclusion                                        60\n\n\nILLUSTRATIONS\n\nPortrait of Kallihirua           _To face Title Page_\nMap, including his Birthplace    _To face Page_   10\nEntrance to a Snow Hut           _Page_           15\nEsquimaux Striking a Narwhal                      18\nSeal Hunter                                       24\nWalrus and Seal                                   35\nSt. Martin's Church, Canterbury  _To face page_   39\n\n\n\n\nKALLIHIRUA THE ESQUIMAUX.\n\n\nKallihirua, notwithstanding the disadvantages of person (for he was\nplain, and short of stature, and _looked_ what he was,--an Esquimaux),\nexcited a feeling of interest and regard in those who were acquainted\nwith his history, and who knew his docile mind, and the sweetness of\nhis disposition.\n\nCompliance with the precept in the Old Testament, \"Love ye the\nstranger[1],\" becomes a delight as well as a duty in such an instance\nas that about to be recorded, especially when we consider the\naffecting injunction conveyed in the Epistle to the Hebrews, \"Be not\nforgetful to entertain strangers, for thereby some have entertained\nangels unawares[2].\"\n\n[Footnote 1: Deut. x 18.]\n\n[Footnote 2: Heb. xiii 2.]\n\n\n\n\nHer Majesty's Ship \"Assistance\"\n\n\nErasmus Augustine York, whose native name was Kallihirua, was brought\nto England on board Her Majesty's ship \"Assistance,\" Captain Erasmus\nOmmanney, in 1851. Captain Ommanney was second in command of the\nexpedition under the orders of Captain Horatio Austin, C.B., which was\ndispatched in May, 1850, in search of the missing vessels of Sir John\nFranklin, the \"Erebus\" and \"Terror\". Franklin had quitted England on his\nperilous and fatal enterprise in May, 1845.\n\nMuch interest was attached to the young Esquimaux, who was considered\nto be about sixteen years of age in August, 1850. He was one of a\ntribe inhabiting the country in the vicinity of Wolstenholme Sound, at\nthe head of Baffin's Bay, in 76 deg. 3' north latitude, the nearest\nresidents to the North Pole of any human beings known to exist on the\nglobe. He was the only person ever brought to this country from so\nhigh a northern latitude. His tribe was met with by the late Sir John\nRoss, during his voyage in 1818, and was by him called the Arctic\nHighlanders.\n\n\n\n\nCape York\n\n\nIt appears that, when the expedition under Captain Austin's command\nwas passing Cape York, in August, 1850, after its release from the ice\nin Melville Bay, natives were seen from the \"Assistance\".\nCaptain Ommanney went with the \"Intrepid\" (one of the vessels\ncomprising the expedition) to communicate with them, when it was\nascertained that H.M.S., \"North Star,\" had passed the winter in the\nneighbourhood. The fate of this vessel was then a matter of anxiety,\nas by her instructions she had been cautioned to avoid passing the\nwinter in those regions. The tribe thus discovered consisted of only\nthree families, residing in their summer huts at Cape York. As no\nsteamer had ever before found its way to these seas, it was\ninteresting to watch the impression upon the singular beings now\nvisited, when they descended into the engine-room. The large furnaces\nand machinery astonished them. The latter, on being put in motion,\nmade them take to their heels with fright, and they ran out of the\nengine-room on deck as fast as they could.\n\n\n\n\nKallihirua on board the \"Assistance\"\n\n\nIt was after this first interview that the report was raised of the\nmassacre of two ships' crews in 1846. Captain Ommanney, accompanied by\nCaptain Penny, with his interpreter, immediately returned to Cape\nYork, and had a long interview with the natives. They most\nemphatically denied the whole statement, adding, that no ship had\never been on their coasts except the \"North Star,\" and passing\nwhalers. Then it was, that Kallihirua consented to show Captain\nOmmanney where the \"North Star\" had wintered, and to join the ship,\nfor the purpose of being useful as an interpreter, in the event of\ntheir meeting with any natives during the search for the missing\nexpedition under Sir John Franklin. Parting (for awhile, as he\nsupposed) with his immediate relatives, and with the only people whom\nhe knew on earth, he threw himself into the hands of strangers in\nperfect confidence. Having arrived on board the \"Assistance,\" he put\noff his rough native costume, submitted to the process of a good\nwashing, and, being soon clad in ordinary European clothing, which was\ncheerfully contributed by the officers, the young Esquimaux with much\nintelligence performed the duty of pilot to the place where the \"North\nStar\" had wintered.\n\n\n\n\nThe Esquimaux Graves\n\n\nOn entering Wolstenholme Sound[3], Kallihirua, or, as he was\nfamiliarly called, KALLI, directed Captain Ommanney and the officers\nto the late winter-station of his tribe, the spot having been\nabandoned in consequence of some epidemic, probably influenza, which\nhad carried off several persons. On entering the huts, a most\ndistressing sight presented itself. A heap of dead bodies, about\nseven, in a state of decomposition, lay, one over the other, clad in\ntheir skin-clothing, as if suddenly cut off by the hand of death. The\nsurvivors, from fear of infection, had left the remains of their\nrelatives unburied. It was an affecting scene in such a remote and\ndesolate region, separated from all communication with the human race.\nNear the huts was the burial-ground, with several well-formed graves\nof heaps of stones. On one lay a spear, which one of the officers of\nthe \"Assistance\" took up, to bring away. Some of the crew were\nexamining the graves to see whether they contained any of our missing\ncountrymen. Seeing this, Kalli ran up to the officer, and, with tears\nand entreaties, as well as he could make himself understood, begged\nhim and the men to desist from the work of desecration.\n\n[Footnote 3: For Wolstenholme Sound and Cape York see the annexed map.]\n\n[Illustration: Map of Western Arctic]\n\n[Illustration: THE ARCTIC REGIONS OF AMERICA\n_London. Published by the Society for protecting Christian Knowledge._]\n\n\n\n\nKallihirua's Family\n\n\nPoor Kalli's lamentations were quite heartrending. His feelings were,\nof course, respected, the graves were at once built up again, and the\nspear replaced. Captain Ommanney learnt afterwards from Kalli, that\nit was his father's grave, over which the spear had been placed by\nfriends of the deceased. They have a tradition that in a future state\nthe means of hunting are still required, and, because in this world\nthe search of food is the chief object of life, the hunting-lance is\ndeposited on the grave.\n\nThe young stranger subsequently lived on board the \"Assistance\". He\nwas placed under the care of the serjeant of Marines, who instructed\nKalli in the rudiments of reading and writing, and to whom he became\nmuch attached. By his amiable disposition he made himself welcome and\nagreeable to all the expedition, and, as, in consequence of the state\nof the ice, no opportunity was offered of landing him on his native\nshores, on the return of the vessel past York Inlet, he was brought to\nEngland. The leaders of the expedition conferred the surname of York\nupon him, from the locality in which he was found. To this the name of\nErasmus was prefixed, after that of the gallant Captain Ommanney.\n\n\n\n\nLines on \"Kallihirua in the Ship\"\n\n\nKalli was a twin. His father, whose grave has been mentioned, had been\ndead for some years, but he had a mother living, of whom he often\nspoke with duty and affection. His father's name was Kirshung-oak. His\nmother's Sa-toor-ney. He had two sisters living with their mother. A\ntouching circumstance, connected with his first introduction to our\ncountrymen, has been adverted to, which gave rise to the following\nlines by the writer of this memoir. They were published in the \"Gospel\nMissionary,\" in the year of the arrival of Kallihirua, and are\nsupposed to be spoken by a British sailor on board the \"Assistance\"--\n\n\nKALLI IN THE SHIP\n\nA frost, like iron, held the air,\n  A calm was on the sea,\nBut fields of ice were spreading there,\n  And closing on our lee.\n\nOur ship half bound, as if aground,\n  Was scarcely seen to go.\nAll hands on deck were gather'd round\n  The little ESKIMAUX.\n\nFor he had come amongst our crew,\n  A week or so before,\nAnd now we knew not what to do\n  To put him safe ashore.\n\nPoor lad, he strain'd his eyes in vain,\n  Till tears began to come,\nAnd tried if he could see again\n  His mother and his home.\n\nThe Captain then saw through his glass\n  The Inlet, and the Bay,\nBut floes of ice, as green as grass,\n  And icebergs block'd the way.\n\n\"Up with the sail!--the wind's awake!\"\n  Hark to the Captain's call,\n\"I see, my boys, we shall not make\n  York Inlet, after all.\"\n\nWe look'd upon the swarthy lad,\n  Then look'd upon each other,\nAnd all were sure that he was sad\n  With thinking of his mother.\n\nWe cheer'd him up, and soon he grew\n  So useful and so kind,\nThe crew were glad, and Kalli too,\n  He was not left behind.\n\nHe learn'd to make the best of it,\n  And now, by time and care,\nThey tell us he can read a bit,\n  And say an easy prayer.\n\nO Kalli, fail not, day by day,\n  To kneel to God above;\nThen He will hear you when you pray,\n  And guard you with his love.\n\nGo on, my friend, in years and grace,\n  Your precious time employ,\nAnd you will pass, in wisdom's race,\n  The idle English boy.\n\nNay, if you learn and practise too\n  The lessons of your youth,\nSome heathen tribes may gain from you\n  The light of Gospel truth.\n\n\n\n\nDescription of the Esquimaux\n\n\nIt may here be interesting to say a few words respecting the people\nwho inhabit the gloomy abodes whence Kallihirua came, and where he had\npassed the greater part of his life.\n\n[Illustration: ENTRANCE TO A SNOW-HUT]\n\n\n\n\nAdmiral Beechey's Account\n\n\n\"The characteristic features of the Esquimaux,\" says Admiral Beechey,\n\"are large fat round faces, high cheek-bones, small hazel eyes,\neyebrows slanting like the Chinese, and wide mouths.\" They are\ngenerally under five feet high, and have brown complexions. Beechey,\nin his Narrative of a Voyage to Behring's Strait, &c., in H.M.S.\n\"Blossom,\" gave a curious and particular description of the habits and\ncustoms of the Esquimaux, their wretched hovels, or \"yourts,\"\nsnow-dwellings, and underground huts, and the general want of\ncleanliness in their persons and dwellings.\n\nSpeaking of a tribe which he visited, he says, \"We found them very\nhonest, extremely good-natured and friendly. Their tents were\nconstructed of skins, loosely stretched over a few spars of\ndrift-wood, and were neither wind nor water tight. The tents were, as\nusual, filthy, but suitable to the taste of their inhabitants, who no\ndoubt saw nothing in them that was revolting. The natives testified\nmuch pleasure at our visit, and placed before us several dishes,\namongst which were two of their choicest,--the entrails of a fine\nseal, and a bowl of coagulated blood. But desirous as we were to\noblige them, there was not one of our party that could be induced to\npartake of their hospitality. Seeing our reluctance, they tried us\nwith another dish, consisting of the raw flesh of the narwhal, nicely\ncut into lumps, with an equal distribution of black and white fat, but\nthey were not more successful here than at first.\"\n\n\n\n\nThe Seal\n\n\nThe seal's flesh supplies the natives with their most palatable and\nsubstantial food, which however has a fishy flavour, as the creatures\nfeed chiefly on fish. Seals are sometimes taken on land, when\nsurprised basking in the sun, with their young. As soon as they are\nalarmed by the sight of their enemies, they scuttle away, and make for\nthe sea[4]. It is on the great deep that the Esquimaux, driven by\nhunger, chiefly seeks his precarious food. In his light canoe, which\nis made of seal-skins stretched over a slight framework of wood, he\nhunts, in all weathers, for his prey, especially for the much-prized\nNarwhal.\n\nThere, tumbling in their seal-skin boat,\nFearless, the hungry fishers float,\nAnd from the teeming seas supply\nThe food their niggard plains deny.\n\n[Footnote 4: See ZOOLOGICAL SKETCHES, _Common Seal_. Published by the\nSociety for Promoting Christian Knowledge.]\n\n\n\n\nThe Narwhal\n\n\n[Illustration: ESQUIMAUX STRIKING A NARWHAL]\n\nThe same intrepid boldness is shown in their chase of the reindeer,\nthe bear, and the fox. Over the boundless deserts of snow they are\nborne rapidly along by their faithful dogs, which are harnessed to a\nsledge, six or seven to the team, and which scamper away, often in\nseeming confusion, but with a precision of aim and object which is\nperfectly surprising. No country presents a finer specimen of that\nhonest, affectionate, much-enduring creature, the dog. Kindness to\nanimals is always praiseworthy, and to the honour of the Esquimaux\nwomen it must be said, that they are remarked for their humane\ntreatment of these dogs. They take care of them when they are ill, and\nuse them better than the men do. Still under blows and hard usage the\ndogs are faithful, and willing to labour.\n\n\n\n\nSir W. Edward Parry's Account\n\n\nThe Esquimaux sometimes use slabs of ice for the walls of their huts,\ncementing them together with snow and water. Kennels for their dogs\nare also made of the same material. The late Admiral Sir W. Edward\nParry, in the course of a voyage commenced in May, 1821, the chief\nobject of which was the discovery of the North-West passage, availed\nhimself of a winter's imprisonment in the ice, to observe and record\nthe ways and manners of the Esquimaux, whose guest he was. His account\nis on the whole satisfactory. \"I can safely affirm,\" said he, \"that,\nwhilst thus lodged beneath their roof, I know no people whom I would\nmore confidently trust, as respects either my person or my property,\nthan the Esquimaux.\"\n\nHe also described their domestic character. The affection of the\nparents towards their children showed itself in a thousand ways, and\nthe children on their part have so much gentleness and docility as to\nrender any kind of chastisement unnecessary. Even from their earliest\ninfancy, they are said to possess that quietness of disposition,\ngentleness of demeanour, and uncommon evenness of temper, for which in\nmore mature age they are for the most part distinguished. Disobedience\nis scarcely ever known; a word or even a look from a parent is enough.\n\nThese traits, added to industry and endurance of various kinds of\ndifficulty, form the fair side of the picture, such as that amiable\nand distinguished officer was fond of presenting. The exhibition of\nthese features of character was probably called forth, in a great\ndegree, by his own kindness and good management, whilst living among\nthem.\n\n\n\n\nNeed of Christian Instruction\n\n\nBut doubtless there are other and less favourable points of view in\nwhich these people must be sometimes considered. At all events, it is\nsad to learn, from the silence of some travellers, and the actual\nstatements of others, that the Esquimaux do not appear to have any\nidea of the existence of a Supreme Being, or to hold any notion of\nreligion. Separated from the whole civilized world, and frequently\nfinding it a struggle to live, even with the help of their faithful\ndogs, they are objects of pity and concern, rather than of sanguine\nhope and expectation to the Christian mind. But were an opportunity to\noccur of carrying the Gospel to their snow-clad land, there is little\ndoubt that the remark of Parry, applied to an individual of one of\ntheir tribes, might be used of all: \"On dispositions thus naturally\ncharitable, what might not Christian education, and Christian\nprinciples effect?\"\n\n\n\n\nKallihirua's Tribe\n\n\nCertainly, the instance now before the reader affords a good\nillustration of this view of the Esquimaux character. It is Captain\nOmmanney's opinion that Kallihirua's tribe may be regarded as a\nremnant of the pure race which, no doubt, in ages past migrated from\nAsia along the coasts of the Parry Group of Islands and Barrow's\nStraits. The features, and formation of skull, bespeak Tartar\nextraction. \"Their isolated position,\" he adds, \"being far north of\nthe Danish settlements in Greenland, and far removed from the American\ncontinent, has kept them uncontaminated with any of the various mixed\nbreeds of which the Esquimaux in those regions must be composed.\"\n\n\n\n\nKallihirua in England\n\n\nCaptain Ommanney, soon after his arrival in England, brought young\nKallihirua to the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. At that\ntime he could only speak a few words, such as \"Ship,\" \"Sea,\" \"Very\nsick;\" \"England, things very nice,\" \"Captain very good\". From his\nlanguage and gesture it was gathered, that he had suffered much from\nsea-sickness on the voyage; that he had been treated with the utmost\ncare and kindness on board, and that he was highly pleased with\nEnglish fare, and with the reception which he had met with in this\ncountry.\n\nHis manners were so gentle, and even polite, without any seeming\neffort, as to excite astonishment in those who knew how short a time\nhe had enjoyed the advantages of education. It was clear that great\npains had been taken with him on board the \"Assistance,\" where his\ngreat study had been to adapt himself to the habits and manners of\nthose among whom his lot was so singularly cast. \"In this,\" says\nCaptain Ommanney, \"he succeeded; for people were surprised at his good\naddress, when he reached England.\"\n\n\n\n\nHis Fondness for Prints and Drawings\n\n\nHe was always much pleased with the company of young people, and\nappeared quite at home with them. Some books and prints were placed in\nthe hands of the youth, and he expressed the greatest delight in\nseeing views of ships in the ice, and the figure of an Esquimaux\nwatching for a seal. After gazing for a few moments at the latter, he\nuttered a cry of pleasure, and said, \"This one of my people!\" It\nseemed as if, for the time, he had been carried back to his own land,\nwhich, however homely, was once his home. Had any proof been wanting\nof the faithfulness of the representation, his hearty and joyous\napproval of it would have afforded sufficient evidence of its\naccuracy.\n\nThe reader shall see the engraving of the lonely seal-hunter which so\nmuch pleased poor Kalli.\n\n\n\n\nSeal Hunter\n\n[Illustration: Seal Hunter]\n\n\nIn this situation, we are told, a man will sit quietly for ten or\ntwelve hours together, at a temperature of thirty or forty degrees\nbelow zero, watching for the opportunity of killing and taking the\nseal, which is supposed to be at work making its hole beneath in the\nice. The Esquimaux, partly sheltered from the \"winter's wind,\" and\nfast-falling snow, by a snow-wall, has got his spear and lines ready,\nand he has tied his knees together, to prevent his disturbing the seal\nby making the slightest noise.\n\n\n\n\nSights in England\n\n\nKalli, whilst in London, on a visit to the author, was taken to the\nBritish Museum. With some of the objects there he was much gratified.\nThe antiquities, sculpture, and specimens of art and science, had not\nsuch charms in his sight as had the life-like forms of stuffed animals\nin that great national collection. With the seals, reindeer, and a\ngigantic walrus, with bright glass eyes, he was especially struck and\namused, lingering for some time in the attractive apartment which\ncontained them.\n\nHe had now and then much to bear from rudeness and incivility on the\npart of some thoughtless persons, who derided his personal appearance,\nthough they were not successful in putting him out of temper. The\nauthor recollects an instance of this in a street in London. He was\nwalking with Kalli, when two young men, who ought to have known\nbetter, stared at the youth in passing, and laughed in his face: then\npresently turning round, they said, as they pointed at him, \"There\ngoes a Chinese!\" He merely looked up, smiling, as if at their\nignorance, and want of proper feeling.\n\nIt has been observed of the people of his nation, that they evince\nlittle or no surprise or excitement at such things as occasion\nadmiration in others. When Kalli first came up the river Thames with\nCaptain Ommanney, and travelled from Woolwich by the railway, thence\nproceeding through the wonderful thoroughfare from London Bridge to\nthe West End of the town, passing St. Paul's Cathedral, and Charing\nCross, he merely said, _It was all very good_.\n\n\"I took him with me,\" said the Captain, \"to the Great Exhibition, the\nCrystal Palace, in Hyde Park. He beheld all the treasures around him\nwith great coolness, and only expressed his wonder at the vast\nmultitude of people.\"\n\n\n\n\nGreat Exhibition of 1851\n\n\nThis is natural enough. Many of our readers may recall the feelings of\nastonishment with which they viewed that large assemblage. On one of\nthe shilling days, in October, 1851, ninety-two thousand human beings\nwere collected together in the Crystal Palace at one time[5]. The\nforce of contrast could perhaps go no further than in this instance.\nA young stranger who, in his own country, in a space of hundreds of\nmiles around him, had only three families (probably twelve persons) to\ncount, makes one of a multitude of more than ninety thousand of his\nfellow-creatures, in a building of glass, covering only eighteen acres\nof ground!\n\n[Footnote 5: This was the case on Tuesday, Oct. 7, 1851. The total\nnumber of visitors on that day alone was 109,915.]\n\nHe was taken to see the Horse Guards' Stables. On seeing a trooper\nmount his charger, (both being fully accoutred,) Kalli was puzzled. He\ncould not account for the perfect order and discipline of the animal,\nand the mutual fitness of the man and his horse, the one for the\nother.\n\n\n\n\nSt. Augustine's College\n\n\nIn November, 1851, Kallihirua was placed, by direction of the Lords of\nthe Admiralty, at the suggestion of the Society for the Propagation of\nthe Gospel, in the Missionary College of St. Augustine's, at\nCanterbury. This college, built on the site of the ancient monastery\nof St. Augustine, was established in 1848, for the reception of\nstudents intended for the work of the sacred Ministry in the colonies\nand dependencies of the British Empire, as well as among the heathen.\nThe College, to which the Queen gave a charter of incorporation, owes\nits origin chiefly to the munificence of A. J. B. Beresford Hope,\nEsq., who purchased the ground, and gave the site. The College Chapel\nwas consecrated on the morning of St. Peter's Day, June 29th, 1848,\nwhen seven prelates, with the Archbishop of Canterbury at their head,\nwere present.\n\n\n\n\nCollege Studies\n\n\nKallihirua remained a student of the College, attending to the\ninstruction given him, and conducting himself well and properly in all\nrespects. Under the kind auspices of the Rev. H. Bailey, the learned\nand judicious Warden of the College, who took the greatest interest in\nhim, he availed himself, as far as his powers admitted, of the\nadvantages of the institution. He appeared rightly to understand and\nvalue the blessings of education in a civilized community, and\nreceived with reverence the simple and saving truths of the Gospel. It\nwas hoped, that, should he willingly and intelligently embrace the\nChristian faith, he might at no distant period convey the \"glad\ntidings of good things\" as a missionary or catechist to his own\nbenighted friends and countrymen.\n\nIn September, 1852, the Warden, in a letter, informed the author, that\nKallihirua had been in good health all the summer. \"We consider him,\"\nsaid he, \"a youth of intelligence, and quick observation. His progress\nin reading is necessarily slow, though he can manage words of four or\nfive letters, he is fond of writing, and succeeds very well. He is\nvery devout at prayers, and attentive to the religious instruction\ngiven him. I think he will one day be of essential use to a missionary\nin some northern region. He is grateful to you for your kind offer of\nbooks, and will write a letter of acknowledgment.\"\n\n\n\n\nHis Reverence for Sacred Places\n\n\nIt was but a short time after his settling at St. Augustine's College,\nthat one of the students took him to see Canterbury Cathedral. The\nreverent regard with which he had been taught to look upon a church,\nas a place where prayer was made to God, manifested itself in his\ninquiry, when entering the nave, \"Whether he might cough there?\" This\ntendency to cough, arising from an ailment, the seeds of which had\nprobably been sown long before, was often observable; and he was very\nsusceptible of cold.\n\n\n\n\nIllness from Changes in the Weather\n\n\nIn the spring of 1853 he suffered much from the variableness of the\nseason. The mode in which he described his state to a friend is very\nsimple and affecting. The original letter, which was entirely his own,\nboth in composition and handwriting, is here copied verbatim. It\ncommences with his signature:--\n\n\"E. YORK, St. Augustine's College. April, 1853.\n\n\"My dear Sir,\n\n         \"I am very glad to tell, How do you do, Sir? I been\n         England, long time none very well. Long time none\n         very well. Very bad weather. I know very well, very\n         bad cough. I very sorry, very bad weather,\n         dreadful. Country very difference. Another day\n         cold. Another day wet, I miserable.\n\n         \"Another summer come. Very glad. Great many trees.\n         Many wood. Summer beautiful, country Canterbury.\"\n\nShould any reader be disposed to look with the smile of a critic on\nthis humble but genuine effort, let him bear in mind the difficulties\nwhich poor _English_ adults have to encounter in learning to read and\nwrite; and then let him judge of the obstacles in the way of one whose\nexistence had been spent with his native tribe, on fields of ice, and\nin dark snow-huts.\n\nIn all attacks of illness he was attended with assiduous kindness by\nMr. Hallowes, of Canterbury, the skilful surgeon employed by the\nCollege, who showed much hospitality to Kalli. One of Mr. Hallowes'\nfamily circle on Christmas-day was always the good-humoured\nbroad-faced Esquimaux. At their juvenile parties, the youth joined\ncheerfully in the sports of the children, and he sometimes sung them\nsome of the wild and plaintive airs peculiar to his tribe.\n\nIt is believed that Kalli never omitted his morning and evening\nprayers by his bed-side, and his utterance was full of devout\nearnestness. Mr. Bailey remembers once travelling with him to Deal,\nand while in the railway carriage, the youth quietly took out of his\npocket a little book, which was afterwards found to be a collection of\ntexts for each day in the year. For some time he was reading\nthoughtfully the text for the day. No notice was taken of this to him;\nand as for himself, never perhaps was any one more free from the least\napproach to ostentation.\n\n\n\n\nGreenland Esquimaux Vocabulary\n\n\nIn the year 1853, Kalli rendered essential Service in the preparation\nof a Greenland Esquimaux Vocabulary, for the use of the Arctic\nExpedition of that year. The work was printed by direction of the\nLords of the Admiralty, with a short Preface acknowledging the\nadvantage of his assistance. Captain Washington, R.N., Hydrographer of\nthe Admiralty, says in the Preface, \"Every word has now been revised\nfrom the lips of a native. In the Midsummer vacation in 1852\nKallihirua passed some days with me, and we went partly over the\nVocabulary. I found him intelligent, speaking English very fairly,\ndocile and imitative, his great pleasure appearing to be a pencil and\npaper, with which he drew animals and ships. At the Christmas\nholidays, we revised more of the Vocabulary, &c.\"\n\nA member of the Expedition afterwards visited St. Augustine's College\nand stated that the Vocabulary had been found to be of much service.\n\n\n\n\nVisit to Kalli at College\n\n\nThe writer of this Memoir well recollects the circumstances of a visit\nwhich he paid with his family to St. Augustine's College, Canterbury,\non a bright day, in August, 1853, when (it being the vacation) only\nthree students remained in residence. These were 1. Kallihirua, 2. a\nyoung Hindoo by name Mark Pitamber Paul, and 3. Lambert McKenzie, a\nyouth of colour, a native of Africa, sent to the College by the Bishop\nof Guiana. Kalli, who was the only one of these personally known to\nthe author, did not at first appear. He had strolled out to witness a\ncricket-match in a field near Canterbury, but Blunsom, the College\nporter, said that he had promised to return by two o'clock, and that\nhe was very punctual.\n\nIt is here due both to Blunsom and his wife, to say that they were\nmost kind friends to Kalli, watching over him with the most thoughtful\nattention, and the tenderest care throughout.\n\nAs the Cathedral clock struck two, Kalli entered the College-gates.\nWith hair black as the raven's wing, and eyes sparkling with\ngood-humour, he made his appearance; and soon showed a desire to do\nthe honours of the College. His dress was neat, like that of a young\nEnglish gentleman, and he had a gaiety of look and manner, but far\nremoved from foppery of apparel or demeanour. With true\npoliteness--that of the heart--he accompanied the visitors over the\nLibrary, the Chapel, the Common Hall and the Dormitories of the\nCollege; each student having a small bed-room and study to himself.\n\n\n\n\nHis Amusements and Occupations\n\n\nKalli took great pleasure in exhibiting the carpenter's shop, a\nspacious crypt below the Library. Attention was there called to the\nwooden frame of a small house, in the construction of which, it\nappeared, he had borne a part. He said, when asked, that he should\nmost probably find the knowledge of carpentering valuable some day,\nand that he should like to teach his countrymen the many good and\nuseful things which he had learned in his College. He spoke little,\nand was evidently conscious of his imperfect pronunciation, but in\nanswer to a question on the subject, he said he hoped to tell his\npeople about religion, and the truths of the Gospel which he had been\ntaught in England.\n\nHis amusements were of a quiet and innocent kind. He made small models\nof his country sledges, one of which, a very creditable performance,\nis in the Museum in the College Library, and a rough rustic chair, now\nin the College garden, is of his manufacture. He was fond of drawing\nships, and figures of the Seal, the Walrus, the Reindeer, the\nEsquimaux Dog, and other objects familiar to him in the Arctic\nregions.\n\n[Illustration: WALRUS AND SEAL.]\n\nHis sketches of animals and ships were very correct, and he used\nsometimes to draw them for the amusement of children.\n\nWhen on board the \"Assistance,\" he made a good sketch of the coast\nline of the region which his tribe frequented, from Cape York to\nSmith's Sound.\n\nThe use which he made of the needle must not be forgotten. For a year\nand a half, whilst at Canterbury, he went regularly for five hours a\nday to a tailor to learn the trade, and was found very handy with his\nneedle. He proved to be of much use in the ordinary work of the trade.\n\n\n\n\nBaptism of Kallihirua\n\n\nWe now come to an important event in the history of Kallihirua; his\nBaptism, which took place on Advent Sunday, Nov. 27th, 1853, in St.\nMartin's Church, near Canterbury. \"The visitors present on the\noccasion,\" said an eye-witness[6], \"were, the Rev. John Philip Gell\n(late Warden of Christ's College, Tasmania), accompanied by Mrs. Gell,\ndaughter of the late Sir John Franklin; Captain Erasmus Ommanney, R.N.\n(who brought Kallihirua to England), and Mrs. Ommanney, Captain\nWashington, R.N., of the Admiralty, and the Rev. W. T. Bullock. The\nRev. T. B. Murray, Secretary of the Society for Promoting Christian\nKnowledge, who had been invited, was, in consequence of engagements in\nLondon, unfortunately unable to be present\".\n\n[Footnote 6: St. Augustine's Occasional Paper.]\n\n[Illustration: St. Martin's Church]\n\n\"Towards three o'clock in the afternoon, small parties began to issue\nfrom the College gateway in the direction of St. Martin's,--that\npicturesque little church, looking from its calm hill-side over the\nbroad Stour valley, and over the cathedral and the steeples of the\ntown half emerging from the smoke. In the interior of this oldest of\nthe English churches there is an ancient font, which stands upon the\nspot (if it be not the very font itself), where King Ethelbert, the\nfirstfruits of the Anglo-Saxon race, was baptized more than twelve\nhundred and fifty years ago by Augustine.\n\n\"In the enclosure round this font sat Kallihirua, and his 'chosen\nwitnesses' Captain Ommanney, and the Subwarden, Mrs. Bailey, and Mrs.\nGell. The remainder of the church was quite filled with an attentive\nand apparently deeply-interested congregation, many of them of the\npoorer class to whom Kalli is well known either by face (as indeed he\ncould not well fail to be), or as the comrade of their children in the\nspelling-class at school.\n\n\"After the Second Lesson, the Warden proceeded to the font, and the\nBaptismal Service commenced. Kallihirua, as an adult, made the\nresponses for himself, and in a clear firm tone, which seemed to\nintimate that he had made his choice for once and for ever, that he\nhad cast in his lot with us, and taken our people for his people, and\nour God for his God, and felt with an intelligent appreciation the\nprivilege of that new brotherhood into which he was admitted.\n\n\"May his admission within the pale of Christ's holy Church be, (as was\nthe prayer of many, beyond the walls of St. Martin's, on that day,)\nboth to himself and to many of his race, an event pregnant of eternal\nissues! 'May the fulness of God's blessing,' to use the words of one\nof our most valued friends, 'rest upon it, and make it the first\nstreak of a clear and steady light, shining from St. Augustine's into\nthe far North.' The Christian names added to his original Esquimaux\nname, were 'Erasmus,' after Captain Ommanney, and 'Augustine,' in\nremembrance of the College.\n\n\"The service being concluded, an excellent sermon was preached by the\nRev. J. P. Gell, on the text, Isaiah lxv. 1: 'I am sought of them that\nasked not for me; I am found of them that sought me not: I said,\nBehold me, behold me, unto a nation that was not called by my name.'\nAfterwards the same kind friend attended our Sunday evening meeting in\nthe Warden's house, and gave us some interesting details of the\nmissionary work (in which he had himself borne a part) in Van Diemen's\nLand. The drift of his remarks was to give encouragement to the\nprinciple of steady faithful persevering energy, undamped by early\ndifficulties, and not impatient of the day of small things; and to\nshow by convincing examples (especially that of Mr. Davis, a devoted\nmissionary in that country) how such conduct is sure in the end to\nmeet with a success of the soundest and most permanent kind, because\nfounded on the spontaneous sympathy of the people, and on the\nblessings of the poor, 'not loud but deep.'\n\n\"Kallihirua had received a very handsome present in the shape of a\nbeautifully bound Bible and Prayer Book, as a baptismal gift from the\nSociety for Promoting Christian Knowledge.\"\n\nIt may be interesting to add, that the water used in the baptism was\nfrom the river Jordan, and that it had been brought from thence by\nCaptain Ommanney himself.\n\nIn the _Gospel Missionary_ for February, 1854, was a pleasing\ndescription of the Baptism of Kallihirua: and this was the sound and\npractical conclusion:--\n\n    \"Before we conclude, we may, perhaps, express the hope that\n    our young friends will sometimes think kindly of their new\n    Christian brother, ERASMUS AUGUSTINE KALLIHIRUA, and that\n    they will pray that God will bless him, and make him to\n    advance more and more in the knowledge and the love of His\n    dear Son JESUS CHRIST. When they thus think of him who is now\n    made their own brother by baptism, and is thus brought into\n    the family of CHRIST'S people, let them learn to value the\n    good things which GOD has given _them_ in such rich\n    abundance. Let them be thankful that they were born in a\n    Christian country, in which they have been taught from\n    children to know the Holy Scriptures, which are able to make\n    them wise unto salvation through faith which is in CHRIST\n    JESUS.\"\n\n\n\n\nStanzas by the Warden\n\n\nThe following stanzas, written by the Warden on the occasion of the\nbaptism, will be read with pleasure, especially by those who are aware\nhow faithfully the amiable writer of them fulfilled his part in\npreparing Kallihirua, not only for the right performance of such\nduties as seemed to await him in life, but (what was far more\nimportant) for an early death.\n\n\nTHE BAPTISM OF KALLIHIRUA\n\n\"I WILL TAKE YOU ONE OF A CITY, AND TWO OF A FAMILY, AND I WILL BRING\nYOU TO ZION.\"--Jer. iii. 14.\n\n            Far through the icy bounds\n            Of Greenland's barren shore,\n          At duty's call, on mercy sent,\n            The brave are gone before.\n\n            Beyond the haunts of men\n            They urge their tedious way,\n          When lo! a wandering tribe appears\n            By yonder northern bay.\n\n            But who so wild, so lost\n            In ignorance and sin!\n          No God they know, no Saviour own,\n            Is there a soul to win?\n\n            Yes, in that heathen race\n            One heart at least is found\n          That yearns for better things, by grace\n            In unseen fetters bound.\n\n            Warm is the Christian's heart,\n            Outstretch'd the Christian's hand,\n          \"Assistance\" lends her friendly aid\n            To reach a Christian land.\n\n            In this our calm retreat\n            He finds a peaceful home,\n          Is taught such learning as is meet,\n            In store for years to come.\n\n            He learns to know and love\n            His Saviour and his God,\n          And now he is a brother dear,\n            By faith in Jesu's blood.\n\n            O gracious Spirit! hear\n            Our prayer with one accord;\n          And train this new-born Christian heart\n            In thy most holy Word.\n\n            Have pity on his race!\n            And bring them still to see\n          Their wretched state, and teach them all\n            The Father, Son, and Thee!\n\n            To God the Father, Son,\n            And Spirit, glory be,\n          Who call'd, and saved, and sanctifies,\n            The co-eternal Three!\n\nSome of these verses were sung in the College Chapel on the evening of\nAdvent Sunday, 1853.\n\n\n\n\nKalli at St. John's, Newfoundland\n\n\nThe time having now arrived at which, according to the opinion of the\nBishop of Newfoundland, and the Warden of St. Augustine's, the\nqualifications of Kallihirua might be turned to some account, as an\naid to missionaries in their efforts among the Esquimaux of Labrador,\nhe left England, in the autumn of the year 1855, for further training\nat St. John's, Newfoundland. This step was taken at the expense of the\nAdmiralty, who agreed to allow him 25 pounds a year for three years.\n\nThe following notice of his character appeared in the 'Occasional\nPaper,' published in St. Augustine's College at the time of his\nremoval to Newfoundland. At every step of his short but remarkable\ncourse, such willing testimony always awaited him.\n\n\"Kallihirua, whose name is known as widely as that of his College, has\narrived at another crisis in his eventful history. Having resided more\nthan three years in College, he has been transferred to the\nexperienced care of the Bishop of Newfoundland, with the view to his\nprobable usefulness among the Esquimaux of Labrador. If integrity of\nmoral principle, gentleness of spirit, docility of manners,\nwillingness to be useful, and true Christian politeness, are essential\nrequisites in a Missionary, then is Kallihirua certain to fill his\nplace well, if only the right place is found for him.\"\n\nKalli arrived in St John's, Newfoundland, on the 2nd October, 1855,\nand, on the following day, wrote a letter to Captain Ommanney, telling\nhim that he had suffered on the voyage from the motion of the vessel,\nwhich had caused severe headaches. He added, \"St John's puts me in\nmind of my own country. I have already found a great number of kind\nfriends, and feel so happy.\"\n\nHe was immediately admitted into the College of the Theological\nInstitution for further training, and it was the Bishop's intention to\nhave taken him in the summer of 1856 in the Church-ship to the coast\nof Labrador, with the view particularly of comparing his language with\nthat of the Esquimaux on the American continent, who are included\nunder the government, and consequently in the diocese, of\nNewfoundland.\n\nThat he was not unfitted for this task, appears from a passage in the\npreface to the Greenland-Esquimaux Vocabulary. Captain Washington\nobserves: \"On comparing the Labrador with the Greenland dialect of the\nEsquimaux, it was found that nearly one-half the words given by Mr.\nPlaton were similar to the former. On going over the vocabulary with\nKallihirua, generally speaking he recognized the Greenland word. When\nhe did not do so, the Labrador was mentioned, which, in most cases, he\ncaught at directly. These words have been added. There would thus\nappear to be even a greater degree of similarity between the Labrador\nand Greenland dialects than might have been expected, and it is\nevident that the Greenland dialect, as Mr. Platon states, is spoken by\nall the Esquimaux to the head of Baffin's Bay.\"\n\nKalli had some conversation with a Moravian Missionary from Labrador.\nThe language was in most respects similar, though there was evidently\na difficulty in understanding each other.\n\n\n\n\nDeath of Archdeacon Bridge\n\n\nIt may be mentioned, as a circumstance of melancholy interest, that,\nbesides Kallihirua, the late Venerable T. F. H. Bridge, Archdeacon of\nNewfoundland, was to have accompanied and assisted the Bishop in this\nvoyage, which it was proposed should have extended to the Moravian\nsettlement. Moravian Missions have been established in Greenland for\nmore than a century. But the expedition contemplated by the Bishop\nwas more particularly designed to open Sandwich and Esquimaux Bays to\nthe much-needed Missionary.\n\nThese projects it was determined, in the good providence of God, were\nnot to be realized. Archdeacon Bridge was prematurely carried off, in\nthe midst of his zealous and successful labours, at the end of\nFebruary, 1856. \"He worked himself to death!\" said the Bishop. \"His\ndeath was felt in the colony as a public loss.\"\n\n\n\n\nIntelligence from Newfoundland\n\n\nThe author of this memoir had written to Kallihirua, whilst he was at\nSt. Augustine's, and had received from him a letter shortly, and\nplainly expressed, which the Warden stated to have been composed and\nwritten by the youth himself, and which proved how anxious he was to\ndo well that which was given him to do. The author afterwards often\nthought of the amiable Kalli, and was in hopes of soon hearing from\nhim in his new abode in Newfoundland. But man proposeth, and God\ndisposeth. A St. John's paper, _The Newfoundland Express_, taken up\ncasually in July, 1856, conveyed the intelligence that Kallihirua had\npassed away from this busy anxious world to another, and, we humbly\nand reasonably hope, a better and happier.\n\nA melancholy interest generally attaches to the history of individuals\ndying in a foreign and strange land, far from friends and home. The\nseparation from all they have known and loved is, in their case, so\nentire, the change of their circumstances, habits, and associations,\nso great, that such a dispensation specially appeals to the sympathy\nof all Christian hearts.\n\n\n\n\nAllusion to Prince Le Boo\n\n\nFeelings of this kind are excited by the narrative of the early death\nof Prince Le Boo, a youthful native of the Pelew Islands, who was\nbrought over to this country in July, 1784, and who, in the\nspring-time of life, after little more than five months' stay in\nEngland, fell a victim, to the small pox. In the memoir of that young\nprince, who died at Rotherhithe, and was buried in the church-yard\nthere, in December, 1784, there are some points of resemblance to the\ncase under our notice. The natural and unforced politeness of the\nyouth, his aptness at conforming, in all proper things, to the habits\nand customs of those to whose hospitality he was intrusted; his warm\nand single-hearted affection for such persons, in whatever station,\nas showed him kind offices, his desire for mental improvement; his\nresignation and submission in his last illness to the will of God,\nthese are features which remind us of the subject of our present\nmemoir. Many are the tears which have fallen over the story of the\nyoung and amiable Prince Le Boo.\n\n\n\n\nAccounts from St. John's\n\n\nBut to resume the thread of the narrative respecting Kalli. During the\nwinter of 1855 and 1856 he had suffered frequently from cough, and\nshown other signs of constitutional weakness. His cheerfulness,\nhowever, had seldom failed him; his readiness to please, and be\npleased, to oblige, and be obliged, never. In letters which he sent to\nfriends in England, he always spoke with gratitude of the kindness\nshown him, and of being very happy.\n\n\n\n\nLetter from Kalli\n\n\nThe following letter to Mr. Blunsom, who, as it will have been seen,\nhad treated him with constant kindness, and done him much good\nservice, will be read with interest.\n\n\"St John's College, Newfoundland,\nJanuary 7, 1856.\n\n                 \"I received your kind letter by the December\n         mail, and am very sorry to hear of your illness. The\n         weather here is very cold, I feel it more than at\n         Cape York. I have begun to skate, and find it a\n         pleasant amusement. There is a lake a little\n         distance from the College, called, 'Quidi Vidi,' on\n         which we practise. The Bishop is very kind and good\n         to me. College here is not so large and fine a\n         place as St. Augustine's: nor are there so many\n         students. I hope that all my kind friends at\n         Canterbury are quite well. Please remember me\n         kindly to Mr. and Mrs. Gipps, and all at St.\n         Augustine's. With kind love to yourself,\n\n                            \"I remain, yours affectionately,\n\n                                                    \"KALLI.\"\n\n\n\n\nKalli's Illness and Death\n\n\nWith respect to the fatal attack under which he soon sunk, it has to\nbe mentioned, that he had gone out to bathe with one of his\nfellow-students at St. John's, on Saturday, the 7th June. From\ncontinuing too long in the water, which was very cold, he caught a\nchill, and showed many symptoms of inflammation for some days. On\nWednesday, good medical assistance was called in, but his constitution\nhad received too violent a shock. The Surgeon had fears from the first\nthat his patient would not recover. It has been observed by medical\nmen, that Esquimaux have but little stamina, and generally fail under\nthe first attack of serious illness. Kalli was kindly watched and\nassisted by the Rev. J. G. Mountain, and Mrs. Mountain, and his\nfellow-students. He got rapidly worse. On the Thursday he seemed\nutterly powerless, and could not lift up his arms, nor put them out of\nhis bed. He was very restless during the greater part of Friday night.\n\n\"Soon after ten o'clock on Saturday morning, June 14th,\" said the\nBishop of Newfoundland, \"his gentle soul departed. I saw him\nfrequently during his illness (three times the last day), and he\nalways assented most readily, when I reminded him of God's gracious\ngoodness in visiting him; and that it would be better for him to\ndepart, and be with Christ. It was remarkable that his English was\nmore clear and distinct in his illness than I had ever known it; and\nthough he said but very little, he seemed to understand better than\never before. The last seizure was so sudden and violent, that he did\nnot articulate at all. He expired, whilst I was commending his soul to\nhis faithful Creator and most merciful Saviour.\"\n\nHe is stated to have died of \"melanosis of the lungs,\" a disease in\nwhich the whole substance of the lungs turns completely black. It is\nvery slow in its first advances, but fearfully rapid in its latter\nstages. The Bishop had the chest examined after death, and sent a copy\nof the Surgeon's report to the Warden of St. Augustine's.\n\nIn a full communication, made to the Warden, the Bishop said, \"The\nalmost suddenness of our good gentle Kalli's removal makes it\ndifficult to realize the fact that 'he is gone.' I still look for his\nfamiliar strange face among the students, wondering at his unwonted\nabsence. He seemed quite identified with our little company. We all\nmiss him greatly, but he has now entered on that perfect rest which he\nseemed made for, and is delivered from a troublesome, naughty world\nfor which he was certainly not made.\"\n\nThe Bishop also spoke of Kalli's _submission to those set over him;\nhis kindness to all around him, and his attention to all his religious\nduties_.\n\nMany young persons, born and bred in our own country, and brought up\nfrom the cradle in the very midst of Christian instruction, may glean\na valuable lesson from the character of this lamented Esquimaux\nChristian. They may ask themselves, with some feeling of self-reproof,\nwhether they should have merited such praise from one so revered, and\nso well qualified to judge. \"Perhaps,\" added Bishop Feild, \"I was a\nlittle proud at being able to exhibit a far-off Esquimaux brought\nnear, and among my own scholars.\"\n\nDuring Kalli's last illness, which, though short, was not without\nconsiderable suffering, the same spirit of resignation and\nthankfulness, which he had always shown, was evinced. \"Mr. D---- very\nkind,\" \"K---- very kind,\" \"Mrs.---- very kind,\" \"Sorry to give so much\ntrouble,\" were expressions continually on his lips, as he was visited\nand assisted by his fellow-students, and other friends in succession.\nHis gentle spirit departed in the presence of the Rev. Thomas Wood,\nthe Rev. Principal of the College, and all his fellow-students.\n\nThe Rev. J. F. Phelps, Vice-Principal of St. John's College,\nNewfoundland, who had been a fellow-student of Kalli's, at St.\nAugustine's, wrote thus, June 25, 1856, respecting him.\n\n\"I have every reason to believe and hope that he has been translated\nto a better state, and that he now rests in his Saviour: for though\nhe had not much knowledge, yet few indeed act up to their knowledge so\nwell and consistently as he did to his. It must be a comfort to you,\nSir, to be assured that in his last moments he was cared for, and\nattended by all members of the College here, the students constantly\nbeing with him, as well as Mr. and Mrs. Mountain and myself. He showed\nhimself very grateful for all that was being done for him, and\nexpressed great sorrow at giving so much trouble. He always spoke of\nhis friends in England with great affection, and was delighted\nwhenever he received letters from them, which he was always eager to\nanswer. Altogether, his was a very amiable character, and we all felt\nhis loss very much.\"\n\nIn another letter from Mr. Phelps is the following passage:--\n\n\"During his last illness, in his conversation with me, it was evident\nthat he quite understood the principle on which we Christians ought to\nbear our sufferings, patiently, and even thankfully, because of the\nstill greater sufferings which we deserve, and which our Divine\nSaviour bore for us. I was, I confess, surprised at the readiness\nwith which he realized the truth and the force of this reasoning.\"\n\n\n\n\nLegacy to a Friend\n\n\nThe author had often remarked the very grateful manner in which the\nyouth acknowledged any kindness shown towards him. He spoke with the\nutmost affection of his dear friends, Captain Ommanney, Captain\nAustin, R.N., the Rev. the Warden of St. Augustine's College, and Mrs.\nBailey. Mrs. Bailey, he said, taught him constantly his readings in\nthe New Testament, heard him his hymns, and corrected his\nwriting-exercises. The Rev. A. P. Moor, Sub-Warden of the College, was\nalso very kind to him, and gained his regard.\n\nOf the moderate means placed at his disposal he was always properly\ncareful, expending very little upon himself. He had a few pounds laid\nup in the Savings' Bank at Canterbury. This amount, together with his\nhumble store of goods and chattels, consisting chiefly of the prints\nwhich had adorned his room, he left, by a kind of will, to his\nuntiring and constant friend, Captain Ommanney, in token of gratitude\nand regard.\n\n\n\n\nKalli's Funeral\n\n\nThe remains of Kallihirua were borne to the grave by his\nfellow-students, and followed by the Vice-Principal of the College,\nand by the Bishop of Newfoundland, as chief mourner. The Burial\nService in the church (St. Thomas's) was conducted by the Rev. Mr.\nWood, and in the cemetery by the Rev. Mr. Mountain, the Principal of\nthe College. The quiet solemnity of the service was in keeping with\nthe life and death of the gentle Kalli.\n\nMrs. Mountain, of St. John's, Newfoundland, in whose house he lived,\nand who had kindly assisted in instructing him, wrote as follows:--\n\n\"It is in sincere sorrow and mourning that I write to inform you that\nwe yesterday followed to the grave our poor Erasmus Kallihirua. He\ndied after only a few days' illness, brought on by incautiously going\nout to bathe with one of our other students. On the following day,\nwhen he came to me to read, as usual, he complained of great pain in\nthe chest and side, and so rapid was the inflammation, that the usual\nremedies were unavailing.\n\n\"Poor fellow, he was as patient and gentle during his illness, as he\nalways was when he was well and strong, and expressed perfect\nresignation to God's will, and much thankfulness to those who\nministered to him. We all loved him for his unvarying kindness and\ngentleness, his submission to those set over him, and his willingness\nto serve all. I miss him so very much, not only in his daily lessons,\nbut in his constant knock at our door, to know whether I had any thing\nfor him to do in the garden, or a message in the town when he was\ngoing out for a walk.\n\n\"He looked very nice, lying in his silver-white coffin, covered with\nflowers, and a bunch of lilies and wild pear-blossoms on his bosom. We\ntrust that he was one of the blessed meek who shall inherit the earth.\nWe were all with him when he breathed his last, the Bishop, and the\nPrincipal of St. John's College, commending his soul to his faithful\nCreator.\"\n\n\n\n\nIntended Memorial\n\n\nIt is proposed to inscribe a record of Kalli, and of other deceased\nstudents of St. Augustine's College, on a tablet in the crypt under\nthe College Chapel. A memorial stone will be erected over Kalli's\ngrave in St. John's, Newfoundland.\n\nWith reference to the recent decease of some hopeful students of St.\nAugustine's, who, after giving promise of much usefulness in the cause\nof missions, had been removed from this earthly scene, Mr. Phelps\nobserved in a letter lately printed at the St. Augustine's College\nPress:--\n\n\"The whole College is again reminded, that 'all flesh is grass,' and\nthat our life 'is even a vapour that appeareth for a little time, and\nthen vanisheth away.' Poor Kalli is no longer with us. He has been\nmade fit for the Master's use, and has been taken back by Him who lent\nhim to us.\"\n\n\n\n\nPractical Reflections\n\n\nThe writer in the \"Newfoundland Express\" made the following practical\nreflections on Kalli's early death, which suggest serious though\ncheering thoughts:--\n\n\"It may seem to some persons but folly, and to others but mere\nboasting, to point to this young man, as any fruit of, or recompense\nfor, the costly and calamitous Arctic expeditions. But others may not\nthink it all in vain, if thereby one soul has been saved, and an\nexample left to a few young men, of thankfulness and kindness to men,\nduty and devotion towards God. Such was Erasmus Augustine Kallihirua,\nonce a poor benighted Esquimaux, but brought out of darkness into the\nmarvellous light of the Gospel, to be a pattern to some, who, with\nmuch greater advantages, are far inferior in the best graces of the\nChristian.\"\n\n\n\n\nConclusion\n\n\nAll that has been written will tend to show that Kallihirua was held\nin much esteem and affection by those who knew him, and that some\ntribute, (such as even this little memoir,) is due to the memory of\none who was well called \"Erasmus,\" or \"beloved.\"\n\nThis, however, is not the chief end which the author had in view in\npresenting an account of Kalli's short career among his adopted\ncountrymen. He would fain convey, amidst other wholesome lessons, that\nof the uncertainty of life, and the necessity of working while it is\nday. When we reflect on the departure of one, whose face and figure\nstill dwell in the minds of many of us, it would be wise to remember,\nthat we ourselves are making for the same point of our journey, the\nconcluding scene of this short existence, the end of our probation.\nHow trifling and insignificant do all other events appear, compared\nwith the close of the race, and the arrival at the looked-for goal!\nMay God grant us grace to act constantly on this conviction, as to all\nour plans and prospects!\n\nTHE END\n\n\nGILBERT AND RIVINGTON, PRINTERS, ST. JOHN'S SQUARE, LONDON\n\n\n\n\nBOOKS\nPRINTED FOR THE\n\nSociety for Promoting Christian Knowledge;\n\nSOLD AT THE DEPOSITORIES,\n\n77, GREAT QUEEN STREET, LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS,\n4, ROYAL EXCHANGE,\nAND 16, HANOVER STREET, HANOVER SQUARE,\nAND BY ALL BOOKSELLERS\n\n\nA Discount of 25 per cent to Members\n                                                           s  d\nAera of Mahomet                                            1  4\nAnnals of the Colonial Church (Fredericton)                1  0\n----------------------------- (New Zealand)                3  4\n----------------------------- (Toronto)                    3  4\n----------------------------- (Quebec)                     3  8\nAnson's (Lord) Voyage round the World, _with map_          4  8\nAustralia and its Gold Regions (A Visit to)                2  8\nBede (The Venerable)                                       0  1\nBingley's (Rev. W.) Celebrated Voyagers                    4  0\n------------------- Celebrated Travellers                  4  0\nBiographical Sketches, _with cuts_                         1  4\nBonnell, James, Esq. (Life of)                             3  4\nBurton's (Rev. Dr. E.) History of the Christian Church\n                                            _cloth_        5  0\nChannel Islands (Rambles among the), by a Naturalist       3  0\nChina, _with cuts_                                         1  8\nChurch History, Sketches of                                1  4\nConqueror (The) and his Sons                               0  6\nConquest of Peru, _with a map_                             0  8\nConversations on the History of Russia Part I.             2  0\n-------------------------------------- Part II.            2  8\nCouncil of Constance (The)                                 2  4\nCountry round the Sea of Galilee            _per dozen_    0  8\nDavies of Devanden (Memoir of), _portrait_                 1  8\nDefoe on the Plague (Abridgment of), with Evelyn's\n  Account of the Fire of London                            1  8\nDonne (Dr. John), Life of, _with cuts_                     0  4\nEldad the Pilgrim.  Part I.                                1  6\nEvenings at Wychwood Rectory                               0  6\nGenoa, _with cuts_                                         0  8\nGilpin's (Rev. W.) Life of Trueman and Atkins, _stitched_  0  8\nGosse's History of the Jews, _School Edition_              2  0\nHerbert (Rev. George), Life of, _with cuts_                0  4\nHistory of Greece, by the Rev. R. W. Browne                5  4\n---------- Rome, _with map and cuts_                       5  4\nHistorical Accompaniment to the Holy Scriptures            1  6\nHone's (Rev. R. B.) Lives of Eminent Christians,\n    _with portraits_\n  Vol I.--Bishop Wilson, Archbishop Usher, Dr. Henry\n    Hammond, and John Evelyn                               4  6\n  Vol II.--Bernard Gilpin, Philip de Mornay, Bishop\n    Bedell, and Dr Anthony Horneck                         4  6\n  Vol III.--Bishop Ridley, Bishop Hall, and Hon.\n    Robert Boyle                                           4  6\n  Vol IV.--John Bradford, Archbishop Grindal, and Sir\n    Matthew Hale                                           4  6\nHoly Sites in the Land of Promise                          0  4\nJerusalem and the adjacent Country, _with cuts_            0  6\nJournal of a Visit to Mount Aboo                           0  4\nJourney through Palestine, _with cuts_                     0  4\nKeightley's Crusaders, _with views, &c._         _cloth_   7  0\nLife of Alfred the Great (Sketches of)                     0  3\n------- Henri Quatre                                       0  4\n------- Howard the Philanthropist                          2  4\nMarlborough (Duke of), Life of the                         1  9\nMaundrell's Journey to Aleppo                              2  0\nMexico, _with cuts_                                        2  0\nMountains (The) of Scripture                               2  8\nNaimbanna (Memoir of)                                      0  2\nNaples                                                     1  8\nNarrative of a Journey through Part of New Zealand         0  4\n------------ Two Voyages to Hudson's Bay                   1  8\nNatives of Africa, _with maps_                             0  4\nNelson (Lord), Life of                                     2  8\nNew Zealand, _with map and cuts_                           1  8\nNorway, Sweden, and Lapland, _with cuts_                   1  8\nOld Arm Chair (The)                                        3  0\nPalestine and Lebanon (Three Weeks in)           _cloth_   2  0\n---------, _with a map and cuts_                           0  6\nPeep at St. Petersburgh                                    0  6\n------- Constantinople                                     0  6\n------- Amsterdam                                          0  6\nPerseverance under Difficulties                            0  6\nPersia, _with cuts_                                        1  8\nPitcairn, the Island, the People, and the Pastor,\n        _fifth edition_                                    2  0\nReadings in Biography                            _cloth_   3  6\nScenes beyond the Atlantic, _with cuts_                    0  4\nScripture Manners and Customs, illustrated by Extracts\n  from Modern Travellers                                   4  0\nScripture Topography (_Palestine_)                         4  8\n-------------------- (_Gentile World_)                     4  8\nSea of Galilee (The)                         _per dozen_   0  8\nSeven Churches of Asia, _with map and cuts_                0  4\nShipwrecks of the Lady Hobart Packet, Cabalva, Centaur,\n  and Lichfield (Narrative of the), _with cuts_            1  6\nShort Memoirs of Eminent Men, _with a plate_               1  6\nSpain, _with cuts_                                         2  0\nStevens (Wm., Esq.), Memoir of, by Hon. Mr. Justice Park   2  0\nStories of the Norsemen                                    1  6\nStorm (The)                                  _per dozen_   0  8\nSt. Patrick                                                0  2\nSummer in the Antarctic Regions, _with a map and cuts_     3  0\nTayleur (Wreck of the)                                     0  2\nTaylor's History of Mohammedanism and the Mohammedan\n  Sects, _with views, &c._                       _cloth_   4  0\nTent (The), or, a Traveller's Recollections, _with cuts_   1  8\nThugs (The)                                                0  4\nTravels in Africa, _with plates_                           1  9\n---------- North America, _with plates_                    1  9\n---------- South America, _with plates_                    1  9\n---------- Northern Asia, _with plates_                    1  9\n---------- South-Eastern Asia, _with plates_               1  9\n---------- South-Western Asia, _with plates_               1  9\n---------- European Russia, _with plates_                  1  9\n---------- Spain, _with plates_                            1  9\n---------- Sweden, _with plates_                           1  9\n---------- Switzerland, _with plates_                      1  9\nTravels (Arctic), or an Account of the Land Expedition\n  to the Continent of North America                        1  9\nTribes of Israel (The)                       _per dozen_   0  8\nTweed (Wreck of the), _sewed_                              0  8\n--------------------, _in cloth boards_                    1  0\nVenice, _with cuts_                                        0  9\nVisit to Cairo                                             0  6\nVoyages in the Arctic Seas, in 1818, 1819, 1820            1  9\n--------------------------, from 1821 to 1825              1  9\n-------------- Pacific Ocean                               1  9\n-------------- North Pacific Ocean                         1  9\nWalton's (Isaac) Lives, _entire, with portraits_           4  0\nWatering Places of England                                 0  9\nWellington (Military Life of), _new edition_               2  0\nWillmott's (Rev. R. A.) Lives of Sacred Poets, 2 vols.\n  _with portraits_                               _cloth_   9  0\nWilson and Hildesley (Bishops), Lives of, _stitched_       0  5\nWinter in the Arctic Regions, _with cuts_                  2  0\nWotton (Sir H.), Life of, _with cuts_                      0  4","title":"Kalli, the Esquimaux Christian: A Memoir","tradition":"scripture-revelation","translated_text":null,"word_count":10910}