{"collection":"philosophy-ethics","full_text_available":true,"graph_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/v2/api/page/gutenberg_22336/graph","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/v2/page/gutenberg_22336","id":"gutenberg_22336","license":"Public Domain (US)","rights_basis":"gutenberg_metadata_copyright_false","source":"gutenberg","source_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/22336","summary":null,"tags":["Buchanan's Journal of Man","Category: Archaeology & Anthropology","Category: Philosophy & Ethics","Category: Psychiatry/Psychology","Category: Sociology","Medicine -- Periodicals","Phrenology -- Periodicals","Science -- Periodicals"],"text":"Produced by Barbara Tozier, Bill Tozier and the Online\nDistributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net\n\n\n\n\n\n                             BUCHANAN'S\n                           JOURNAL OF MAN,\n\n\nPublished from 1849 to 1856 at Cincinnati, is to be re-established at\nBoston in February, 1887. When published formerly it was in its\ncharacter and merits entirely unique, and, notwithstanding the\nprogress of thirty-five years, its position is still unique, and in\nits essential characteristics different from all nineteenth century\nliterature, and not in competition with any other publication. It was\nneeded in 1849, and it is still more needed now. It represents an\nentirely new school of thought, based upon the establishment of the\nnew science of ANTHROPOLOGY, which is a revelation of the anatomical,\nphysiological, and psychic union of soul, brain, and body, and a\ncomplete portrait of man and the laws of his life, from which arise\nmany forms of psychological, ethical, physiological, pathological, and\ntherapeutic science, all of which are eminently practical and\nphilanthropic in their results.\n\nOne of these applications has been given in the volume entitled, \"The\nNew Education,\" of which Edward Howland says, \"Its results cannot fail\nof being of even more influence upon the culture and the virtue of\nsociety than the introduction of steam into industrial methods has had\nin the distribution of the products of skilled labor.\"[A]\n\n    [A] Rev. B. F. BARRETT, one of the most eminent writers of\n        his church, says:\n\n        \"We are perfectly _charmed_ with your book. I regard it by\n        far as the most valuable work on education ever published.\n        You have herein formulated the very wisdom of heaven on\n        the highest and most momentous of all themes. Your work is\n        destined, in my judgment, to inaugurate a new era in\n        popular education. It contains more and higher wisdom on\n        the subject of which it treats _than all the other books\n        ever written on education_.\"\n\nTo watch and to assist the progress of humanity has been the pleasure\nof the editor for half a century, and it will be the task of the\n\"Journal of Man,\" as far as practicable, to present a periscope of\nprogress in all that interests the philanthropist. Almost innumerable\nquestions are arising concerning human rights, opinions, and\ninterests, such as, the new education, the new theology, theosophy,\noccultism, spiritualism, materialism, agnosticism, evolution,\npaleontology, ethnology, ancient religions, systems of ethics,\nsociology, political economy, labor and wages, co-operation,\nsocialism, woman's progress and rights, intemperance and social evils\nof every grade, modern literature, the philosophy of art and oratory,\nrevolutions in medicine, sanitary and hygienic science, democracy,\npublic men and women, prison reform, the land question, and questions\nof war or peace, and national policy; upon all of which the \"Journal\nof Man\" must necessarily occupy an independent position, and present\npeculiar views, in the light of the new sciences of which it is the\nexponent,--views not derived from the past, not in harmony with the\northodox literature of the day, nor tinged by any credulous\nfanaticism, but resulting from a half century of earnest and\nscientific search for truth.\n\nAnother important function for a philanthropic and progressive journal\nis to assist in the diffusion of liberal literature, and to keep an\neye upon the prolific press of to-day, for the benefit of its readers,\ncalling their attention to the meritorious works, which are often\nneglected, and warning against pretentious folly and sciolism. But it\nis not supposed that the programme of the Journal can be fully carried\nout until the completion of certain works now in hand will permit its\nenlargement.\n\nThe existence and diffusion of such a science as psychometry--\"the\ndawn of a new civilization,\" as it is considered by its adepts and its\nfriends,--is alone an imperative demand for a journal to assist the\ndiffusion and illustration of a science, which no honorable and\nlogical thinker, after accepting its well-established facts, can\nregard as anything less than the beginning of an intellectual\nrevolution, the magnitude of which is astounding to a conservative\nmind; for the revolutionary science of the last forty years has been\nconcealed from the conservative majority, by its exclusion from the\npress and from the college. But the \"Journal of Man\" has a still wider\nfield, a task in which it may well claim the co-operation of all truly\nenlightened and philanthropic minds.\n\nIt was the singular good fortune of the editor, over forty-five years\nago, to crown his long investigations of the constitution of man by\nthe discovery and demonstration that all the powers of the soul were\nexercised by the brain in a multiform subdivision of its structure,\nevery convolution and every group of fibres and cells having a\nfunction appreciably distinct from the functions of all neighboring\nparts, the vast multiformity and intricacy of its structure\ncorresponding to the vast multiformity and intricacy of our psychic\nnature, which has never yet been thoroughly portrayed by either\nphilosopher or poet.\n\nThe functions thus discovered are at once both psychic and\nphysiological, for the brain is purely a psychic organ, when its\ninfluence is not transmitted to the body; but becomes a physiological\norgan, and in fact the controlling head and centre of physiological\naction, when its influence is transmitted, not merely in voluntary\nmotion, but in the unconscious influence which sustains, modifies, or\ndepresses every vital process.\n\nThese discoveries were not _entirely_ new, for it was the\nfundamental doctrine of Gall, the founder of the true cerebral\nanatomy, that the brain consisted of different organs of psychic\nfunctions; but in announcing the discovery (published from 1809 to\n1819) of twenty-seven distinct organs, he fell far short of the\nultimate truth, as a necessary consequence of his imperfect and\ndifficult method of discovery by comparative development. The word\n_phrenology_ has become so identified with his incomplete\ndiscoveries, that it may be laid aside in the present stage of our\nprogress. There is no monotonous repetition of function in nervous\nstructures, and the possibility of subdivision of structure and\nfunction is limited only by our own intellectual capacities.\n\nMoreover, Dr. Gall did not ascertain the functions of the basilar and\ninternal regions of the brain, which were beyond the reach of his\nmethods, and entirely overlooked the fact that the brain is the\ncommanding centre of physiology, the seat of the external and internal\nsenses, and of organs that control the circulation, the viscera, the\nsecretions, and all their physiological and pathological phenomena, as\ndemonstrated in my experiments, which reveal the entire physiological\nand the entire psychological life, with the anatomical apparatus of\ntheir intimate union.\n\nThe experiments on intelligent persons, by which these discoveries\nwere made and demonstrated, have been repeated many thousand times.\nThey have been officially presented during many years in medical\ncolleges, and sanctioned by scientific faculties as well as by\ncommittees of investigation, none of which have ever made an\nunfavorable report. They have been tested and demonstrated so often\nthat further repetition appeared needless, since the unquestioned\ndemonstrations produced no result beyond a passive assent; for men's\nminds are generally so firmly held in the bondage of habit, fashion,\nand inherited opinion, as to be incapable of entering freely upon a\nnew realm of intellectual life without pecuniary motive; and\ninvestigating committees accomplished little or nothing important, the\nreason having been, as assigned by a distinguished and learned\nsecretary of a medical committee in Boston, that the subject was too\nprofound, too difficult, and too far beyond the knowledge of the\nmedical profession. In the presence of such unmanly apathy my\ndemonstrations were discontinued, as I found that only a few\nhigh-toned and fearless seekers of scientific truth, such as the\nvenerable Prof. Caldwell, President Wylie, Rev. John Pierpont, Robert\nDale Owen, Prof. Gatchell, Dr. Forry, and a score or two of similarly\nindependent men and women, have spoken to the public with proper\nemphasis of the immortality of the discovery and the greatness of the\ntotal revolution that it makes in science and philosophy,--a\nrevolution so vast as to require many pages to give its mere outline,\nand several volumes to give its concise presentation. The subjects of\nthese volumes would necessarily be Cerebral Psychology, Cerebral\nPhysiology, Psychological Ethics or Religion, Pneumatology, Psychic\nPathology, Sarcognomy, Psychometry, Education, and Pathognomy. A _very\nconcise_ epitome of the whole subject in 400 pages was published in\n1854, as a \"System of Anthropology.\" \"The New Education\" was published\nin 1882. \"Therapeutic Sarcognomy\"--the application of sarcognomy to\nmedical practice--was published in 1884, and the \"Manual of\nPsychometry\" in 1885.\n\nThe discoveries constituting the new anthropology stand unimpeached\nto-day, sustained by every complete investigation, and not refuted or\ncontradicted by the innumerable experiments of medical scientists. The\nlabors of Ferrier, Fritsch, Hitzig and Charcot, become a part of the\nnew system, as they lend corroboration; and the annals of pathology\nfurnish numerous corroborative facts. These are not barren, abstract\nsciences, but bear upon all departments of human life--upon education,\nmedical practice, hygiene, the study of character, the selection of\npublic officers, of partners, friends, and conjugal companions,--upon\nreligion and morals, the administration of justice and government,\npenal and reformatory law, the exploration of antiquity, the\nphilosophy of art and eloquence, and the cultivation of all sciences\nexcept the mathematical. Anthropology must, therefore, become the\nguide and guardian of humanity, and, as such, will be illustrated by\nthe \"Journal of Man.\" It will indulge in no rash ultraism or\nantagonism, but will kindly appreciate truth even when mingled with\nerror. There is, to-day, a vast amount of established science to be\nrespected and preserved, as well as a vast amount of rubbish in\nmetaphysical, theological, sociological, and educational opinions,\nthat requires to be buried in the grave of the obsolete. The greatness\nof our themes forbids their illustration in a prospectus, which can\nbut promise an unfailing supply of the novel and wonderful, the\nphilanthropic and important, the interesting and useful, presented in\nthat spirit of love and hope which sees that earth may be changed into\nthe likeness of heaven, and that such progress is a part of our\nworld's remote but inevitable destiny.\n\nLet it be remembered that science, philosophy, and religion are false\nand worthless when they do not contribute to the happiness and\nelevation of mankind, and that the chief factor in human elevation is\nthat wise adaptation of measures to human nature which is utterly\nimpossible without a thorough understanding of man,--in other words,\nwithout the science of anthropology, for the lack of which all\nnational and individual life has been filled with a succession of\nblunders and calamities. It is especially in the most brilliant\nportion of anthropology, the science of psychometry, that we shall\nfind access to the reconstructive wisdom which leads to a nobler life\nin accordance with the laws of heaven, as well as the prosperity and\nsuccess which come from the fulness of practical science and the\nperfection of social order. For the truth of these unusual claims the\nreader is referred to \"The Manual of Psychometry,\" \"The New\nEducation,\" \"Intelligent Public Opinion\" and future publications.\n\nThe \"Journal of Man\" will be published at $1.00 per annum, in advance,\nin monthly numbers of thirty-two pages, beginning in February, 1887.\nSubscriptions should be sent, not in money, but by postal order, to\nthe editor, Dr. J. R. Buchanan, 6 James Street, Boston. Advertisements\ninserted at the usual rates. Agents wanted.\n\nThose who wish to receive the \"Journal of Man\" should enter their\nnames below as subscribers, and forward to the editor, without delay.\n\n\n       Subscribers' names.   No. copies.   Post Office Address.\n\n       ........................................................\n\n\n\n\n    INTELLIGENT PUBLIC OPINION. \"The consensus of the competent.\"\n\n\nBUCHANAN'S \"JOURNAL OF MAN.\" \"Perhaps no journal published in the\nworld is so far in advance of the age.\"--_Plain Dealer, Cleveland_.\n\n\"His method is strictly scientific; he proceeds on the sure ground of\nobservation and experiment; he admits no phenomena as reality which he\nhas not thoroughly tested, and is evidently more desirous to arrive at\na correct understanding of nature than to establish a system.... We\nrejoice that they are in the hands of one who is so well qualified as\nthe editor of the Journal to do them justice, both by his indomitable\nspirit of research, his cautious analysis of facts, and his power of\nexact and vigorous expression.\"--_New York Tribune_.\n\n\"This sterling publication is always welcome to our table. Many of its\narticles evince marked ability and striking originality.\"--_National\nEra, Washington City_.\n\n\"It is truly refreshing to take up this monthly.... When we drop\nanchor and sit down to commune with philosophy as taught by Buchanan,\nthe fogs and mists of the day clear up.\"--_Capital City Fact_.\n\n\"This work is a pioneer in the progress of science.\"--_Louisville\nDemocrat_.\n\n\"After a thorough perusal of its pages, we unhesitatingly pronounce it\none of the ablest publications in America.\"--_Brandon Post_.\n\n\"To hear these subjects discussed by ordinary men, and then to read\nBuchanan, there is as much difference as in listening to a novice\nperforming on a piano, and then to a Chevalier Gluck or a\nThalberg.\"--_Democrat Transcript_.\n\n\nBUCHANAN'S \"SYSTEM OF ANTHROPOLOGY.\" \"We have no hesitation in\nasserting the great superiority of the form in which it is presented\nby Dr. Buchanan, whether we regard its practical accuracy or its\nphilosophical excellence.\"--_American Magazine of Homoeopathy_.\n\n\"The author has long been known as a distinguished Professor of\nPhysiology, whose name is identified with one of the most remarkable\ndiscoveries of the age, the impressibility of the brain.... We are\nconfident Buchanan's 'Anthropology' will soon supersede the\nfragmentary systems of Gall and Spurzheim, the metaphysicians and\nphrenologists.\"--_Daily Times, Cincinnati_.\n\n\"Beyond all doubt it is a most extraordinary work, exhibiting the\nworking of a mind of no common stamp. Close students and hard\nthinkers will find in it a rich treat, a deep and rich mine of\nthought.\"--_Gospel Herald, Cincinnati_.\n\n\"They have had sufficient evidence to satisfy them that Dr. Buchanan's\nviews have a rational, experimental foundation, and that the subject\nopens a field of investigation second to no other in immediate\ninterest, and in the promise of important future results to science\nand humanity.\"--_Report of New York Committee (WM. CULLEN BRYANT,\nChairman)_.\n\n\"If he has made a single discovery in physiology, he has made more\nthan any previous explorer of that science, in furnishing us this key\nto the whole of its principles, by his cerebral and corporeal\nexperiments.\"--_Report of the Faculty of Indiana University_.\n\n\"No person of common discernment who has read Dr. Buchanan's writings\nor conversed with him in relation to the topics which they treat, can\nhave failed to recognize in him one of the very foremost thinkers of\nthe day. He is certainly one of the most charming and instructive men\nto whom anybody with a thirst for high speculation ever\nlistened.\"--_Louisville Journal (edited by PRENTICE and SHIPMAN)_.\n\n\"To Dr. Buchanan is due the distinguished honor of being the first\nindividual to excite the organs of the brain by agencies applied\nexternally directly over them, before which the discoveries of Gall,\nSpurzheim, or Sir Charles Bell--men who have been justly regarded as\nbenefactors of their race--dwindle into comparative insignificance.\nThis important discovery has given us a key to man's nature, moral,\nintellectual, and physical.\"--_Democratic Review, New York_.\n\n\n\"THERAPEUTIC SARCOGNOMY.\" \"In this work we have the rich results of\nhalf a century of original thought, investigation, and discovery. Upon\nthe psychic functions of the brain, Professor Buchanan is the highest\nliving authority, being the only investigator of nature who has done\nanything important for that neglected realm of science, to which the\nworld was introduced by the genius of Gall and Spurzheim. This work is\nreally a complete exposition of the great mystery, the united\noperation and structural plan of soul, brain, and body.\"--_Medical\nAdvocate, New York_.\n\n\"Of the very highest importance in the healing art, is a work just\nissued by the venerable Professor Buchanan. We have read the book from\ncover to cover with unabated attention; and it is replete with ideas,\nsuggestions, and practical hints, and conclusions of eminent value to\nevery practitioner who is himself enough of a natural physician to\nappreciate and apply them.... Having been cognizant of the very\nvaluable and original work accomplished by Professor Buchanan in\nphysiology, and having seen him demonstrate many times, on persons of\nall grades of intellectual and physical health, the truths he here\naffirms, the subject has lost the sense of novelty to us, and is\naccepted as undoubtedly proven.\"--_American Homoeopathist, New York_.\n\n\n\"MANUAL OF PSYCHOMETRY: The Dawn of a New Civilization.\" (2d edition.)\n\"The like of this work is not to be found in the whole literature of\nthe past.... His name stands honorably among those who have extended\nthe real boundaries of knowledge.\"--_Home Journal, New York_.\n\n\"As an experimental science it is likely to make its way to\n_universal_ recognition. But the recognition of psychometry\ninvolves a _tremendous change_ in the opinions of the world,\nthe teachings of colleges, and the prevalent doctrines of science\nand philosophy.\"--_Health Monthly, New York_.\n\n\"The friends of Professor Buchanan have been waiting now thirty years\nfor him to make a proper public presentation of his greatest\ndiscovery,--psychometry, a discovery which the future historian must\nplace among the noblest and greatest of this great epoch of human\nthought.... Every branch of the Theosophical Society should have a\ncopy, and study the book carefully.\"--_Theosophist, Madras, India_.\n\n       *     *     *     *     *\n\nThe above works may be obtained from the author, 6 James Street,\nBoston. The price should be remitted by postal order--for the \"Manual\nof Psychometry,\" $2.16; for the \"New Education,\" $1.50; for\n\"Therapeutic Sarcognomy,\" (2d edition to be published, ______ 1887,)\n______ \"Journal of Man,\" $1 per annum. \"Anthropology\" was exhausted\nthirty years ago. Its place will be occupied by \"Cerebral Psychology,\"\nnot before the winter of 1887-88.\n\n\n\n\nCONTENTS OF JOURNAL OF MAN.\n\nVol. I. February 1887 to February, 1888.\n\n\n   1. FEBRUARY.--Introduction to the Journal of Man--see cover of each\n        number.\n      The Phrenological Doctrines of Gall their past and present status\n      The Great Land Question\n      The Sinaloa Colony\n      Health and Longevity\n      Remarkable Fasting\n      Cerebral Psychology\n      Music\n      Insanity\n      MISCELLANY--Our narrow limits and future tasks; Palmistry;\n        Suicide; Theosophist Reviews; Apparitions of the Dead; Human\n        Responsibility in Hypnotism; Human Tails; Men who live in trees;\n        Protyle the Basis of Matter; The Keeley Motor; Mahphoon and the\n        Great Winkelmeier\n      Business Department and College of Therapeutics\n\n   2. MARCH.--Archtypal Literature for the future.\n      Chapter 1. General Plan of Brain, Synopsis of Cerebral Science\n      Superficial Criticisms, a reply to Miss Phelps\n      Spiritual Phenomenon, Abram James, Eglinton, Spirit writing\n      Mind reading Amusement and Temperance\n      MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE--Pigmies in Africa; A Human\n        Phenomenon surviving Superstition; Spiritual test of Death; A\n        Jewish Theological Seminary; National Death Rates; Religious\n        Mediaevalism in America; Craniology and Crime; Morphiomania in\n        France; Montana Bachelors; Relief for Children; The Land and the\n        People; Christianity in Japan; The Hell Fire Business; Sam Jones\n        and Boston Theology; Psychometry; The American Psychical\n        Society; Progress of Spiritualism; The Folly of Competition;\n        Insanities of War; The Sinaloa Colony; Medical Despotism; Mind\n        in Nature\n      Physiological Discoveries in the College of Therapeutics\n      Business Department, College of Therapeutics\n\n   3. APRIL.--Psychometry: The Divine Science\n      A Modern Miracle-Worker\n      Human Longevity\n      Justice to the Indians\n      MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE--Anatomy of the Brain; Mesmeric\n        Cures; Medical Despotism; The Dangerous Classes; Arbitration;\n        Criticism on the Church; Earthquakes and Predictions\n      Chapter II. Of Outlines of Anthropology; Structure of the Brain\n\n   4. MAY.--The Prophetic Faculty: War and Peace\n      Clearing away the Fog\n      The Danger of living among Christians: A Question of peace or war\n      Legislative Quackery, Ignorance, and Blindness to the Future Evils\n        that need Attention\n      What is Intellectual Greatness\n      Spiritual Wonders--Slater's Tests; Spirit Pictures; Telegraphy;\n        Music; Slate Writing; Fire Test\n      MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE--Erratum; Co-operation; Emancipation;\n        Inventors; Important Discovery; Saccharine; Sugar; Artificial\n        Ivory; Paper Pianos; Social Degeneracy; Prevention of Cruelty;\n        Value of Birds; House Plants; Largest Tunnel; Westward Empire\n      Structure of the Brain\n      Chapter III. Genesis of the Brain\n      To the Readers of the Journal--College of Therapeutics\n      Journal of Man--Language of Press and Readers\n\n   5. JUNE.--The Most Marvellous Triumph of Educational Science\n      The Grand Symposium of the Wise Men\n      The Burning Question in Education\n      MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE--Bigotry and Liberality; Religious\n        News; Abolishing Slavery; Old Fogy Biography; Legal\n        Responsibility in Hypnotism; Pasteur's Cure for Hydrophobia;\n        Lulu Hurst; Land Monopoly; Marriage in Mexico; The Grand\n        Symposium; A New Mussulman Empire; Psychometric Imposture; Our\n        Tobacco Bill; Extinct Animals; Education\n      Genesis of the Brain (concluded)\n\n   6. JULY.--Magnetic Education and Therapeutics\n      The So-Called Scientific Immortality\n      Review of the New Education\n      Victoria's Half Century\n      Outlook of Diogenes\n      A Bill to Destroy the Indians\n      MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE--The Seybert Commission; The Evils that\n        need Attention; Condensed Items--Mesmerism in Paris--Medical\n        Freedom--Victoria's Jubilee; Delightful Homes\n      Outlines of Anthropology Continued--Cranioscopy--Illustrated\n\n   7. AUGUST.--Creation's Mysteries\n      A True Poet--The Poetry of Peace and the Practice of War\n      The Volapuk Language\n      Progress of the Marvellous\n      Glances Round the World\n      MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE--Photography Perfected; The Canon King;\n        Land Monopoly; The Grand Canals; The Survival of Barbarism;\n        Concord Philosophy; The Andover War; The Catholic Rebellion;\n        Stupidity of Colleges; Cremation; Col. Henry S. Olcott; Jesse\n        Shepard; Prohibition Longevity; Increase of insanity;\n        Extraordinary Fasting; Spiritual Papers\n      Cranioscopy (Continued)\n      Practical Utility of Anthropology in its Psychic Department\n\n   8. SEPTEMBER.--Concord Symposium\n      Rectification of Cerebral Science\n      Human Longevity\n      MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE--An important Discovery; Jennie\n        Collins; Greek Philosophy; Symposiums; Literature of the Past;\n        The Concord School; New Books; Solar Biology; Dr. Franz\n        Hartmann; Progress of Chemistry; Astronomy; Geology Illustrated;\n        A Mathematical Prodigy; Astrology in England; Primogeniture\n        Abolished; Medical Intolerance and Cunning; Negro Turning White;\n        The Cure of Hydrophobia; John Swinton's Paper; Women's Rights\n        and Progress; Spirit writing; Progress of the Marvellous\n      Chapter VII.--Practical Utility of Anthropology (Concluded)\n      Chapter VIII.--The Origin and Foundation of the New Anthropology\n\n   9. OCTOBER.--The Oriental View of Anthropology\n      MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE--Religion and Science; Good Psychology;\n        The Far-away Battle; How not to do it; Robbery of Public Lands;\n        Land Reform in England; Life in Europe; Education in France;\n        Canada and the Union; Woman in the Moon; Emancipation from\n        Petticoats; Women's Rights on the Streets; A Woman's Triumph in\n        Paris; A Woman's Bible; Work for Women; Mrs. Stanton on the\n        Jubilee; Electricity; Progress of the Telegraph; The Mystery of\n        the Ages; Progress of the Marvellous; A Grand Aerolite; The Boy\n        Pianist; Centenarians; Educated Monkeys; Causes of Idiocy; A\n        Powerful Temperance Argument; Slow Progress; Community Doctors;\n        The Selfish System of Society; Educated Beetles; Rustless Iron;\n        Weighing the Earth; Head and Heart; The Rectification of\n        Cerebral Science\n      Chapter IX.--Rectification of Cerebral Science, Correcting the\n        Organology of Gall and Spurzheim\n\n  10. NOVEMBER.--The Slow Triumph of Truth\n      Old Industrial Education\n      An Incomparable \"Medical Outlaw\"\n      Educational.--Educational Reform in England; Dead Languages\n        Vanishing; Higher Education of Women; Bad Sunday-School Books;\n        Our Barbarous Orthography\n      Critical.--European Barbarism; Boston Civilization; Monopoly;\n        Woman's Drudgery; Christian Civilization; Walt Whitman;\n        Temperance\n      Scientific.--Extension of Astronomy; A New Basis for Chemistry;\n        Chloroform in Hydrophobia; The Water Question; Progress of\n        Homoeopathy: Round the World Quickly\n      Glances Round the World (concluded from August)\n      Rectification of Cerebral Science (illustrated)\n\n  11. DECEMBER.--The World's Neglected or Forgotten Leaders and Pioneers\n      Social Conditions--Expenses at Harvard; European Wages; India as a\n        Wheat Producer; Increase of Insanity; Temperance; Flamboyant\n        Animalism\n      Transcendental Hash\n      Just Criticism\n      Progress of discovery and Improvement--Autotelegraphy; Edison's\n        Phonograph; Type-setting Eclipsed; Printing in Colors; Steam\n        Wagon; Fruit Preserving; Napoleon's Manuscript; Peace; Capital\n        Punishment; Antarctic Explorations; The Desert shall Blossom as\n        the Rose\n      Life and Death--Marvellous Examples\n      Outlines of Anthropology (continued) Chapter X.--The Law of\n        Location in Organology\n\n  12. JANUARY.--The Pursuit of Truth\n      Occultism defined\n      Psychic Phenomena\n      The Ancient Iberians\n      The Star Dust of the Universe\n      MISCELLANEOUS--Bright Literature; The Two Worlds; Foote's Health\n        Monthly; Psychic Theories; Twentieth Century Science, Dawning at\n        the end of the Nineteenth; Comparative Speed of Light and\n        Electricity; Wonderful Photography; Wooden Cloth; The\n        Phylloxera; Falling Rents; Boston Civilization; Psychic\n        Blundering; Beecher's Mediumship; A Scientific Cataract;\n        Obstreperous and Pragmatic Vulgarity; Hygiene; Quinine; Life and\n        Death; Dorothea L. Dix; The Drift of Catholicism, Juggernaut\n      The Principal Methods of Studying the Brain\n      Responses of Readers--Medical Orthodoxy\n\n\n\n\n                             BUCHANAN'S\n                           JOURNAL OF MAN.\n\n              VOL. I.      FEBRUARY, 1887.      NO. 1.\n\n\n\n\nSALUTATORY.\n\n\nKind reader! Let me presume that you are in search of truth, and that\nyou have an intuition sufficient to tell you that this unending search\nis the inspiring energy of the JOURNAL OF MAN Let us realize the\nvastness of truth, the vastness of those realms of knowledge\nheretofore unexplored by man, in which the JOURNAL is to perform its\nwork, and in realizing that, it will be very obvious that no single\nnumber of the JOURNAL can be an adequate specimen to give a just\nconception of what it is to be, how many hundred themes it will have\nto consider, how many errors to analyze, how many new suggestions to\nintroduce, how many criticisms of the old, how many expositions of the\nnew. The present number of the JOURNAL is little more than a\npromissory note for its future.\n\nEven as a commentary on periodical literature, there will be a\ncountless number of the superficial theories of ignorance and haste\nfor it to examine, while there will be the more pleasing task of\nnoting the introduction of sound philosophy, the progress of careful\ninvestigation, the uprising of common sense against hereditary\nfalsehood, and the gradual enlightenment of the clerical, medical, and\neducational professions by the slow progress of new ideas, and the\nunembarrassed progress of the physical sciences and inventions which\nencounter no collegiate hindrance, excepting this, that the average\nliberal education, as it is called, gives so little knowledge of\nphysical science, that the educated classes often fail to distinguish\nbetween the real inventor and the deluded, or delusive, impostor.\n\nThe inventor is the emancipator of mankind from the oppressive burden\nof toil, and hence the philanthropist should ever look with interest\nto the progress of invention, should ever be ready to cooperate with\ninventive genius. The JOURNAL should be the inventor's friend, and it\nhopes to see the time when the national institution that I have\nproposed shall be established, to bring blind, but all powerful,\ncapital into co-operation with the wise, but often powerless,\ninventor.\n\nInvention is the physical, as philosophy is the intellectual power, to\ncomplete the emancipation of mankind from slavery and suffering. \"No,\"\nwould the theologian say, \"your false philosophy ends in nothing. The\nworld has been full of philosophies from Democritus to Hegel, and they\nhave never lifted a single straw's weight from the burden that\noppresses all humanity. The real burden is sin, and religion alone can\nremove that, and bring in the kingdom of heaven on earth.\"\n\nMost true, Oh theologian, it is, that the false philosophies, from\nDemocritus to Hegel, have done nothing for mankind but to becloud,\nbewilder, and enfeeble their intelligence, for the philosophies were\nborn of empty vanity, which essayed to conquer the universe by\ncogitation without science, and not from any loving impulse to make\nlife wiser and better. But your theologies have been almost as false\nas the philosophies. You have inverted the simple and pure religion of\nJesus. You have taught the world that its governing power was not an\ninfinite love, but an infinite hate, and that the chief purpose of\ncreation was to furnish an unlimited amount of human agony, in eternal\nprogress, to gratify the infinite tyrant, and, at the same time,\nplease a few humble vassals whom terror alone had driven into his\nservice. You have taught mankind, all too successfully, to imitate\nthis superhuman monster, by the banishment, imprisonment, murder, or\ntorture, of all who did not accept your insane and heartless\nteachings; and the bloody drama, which has been in full progress for\nat least fifteen centuries without one interval of pity or remorse, is\ncoming to its end now, Oh theologians, simply because your power has\nwaned, and mankind have partially outgrown their superstitious\nignorance. Tennyson in his last poem has expressed the truth:\n\n  \"'Love your enemy, bless your haters,' said the Greatest of the great,\n  Christian love among the churches looked the twin of heathen hate.\n  From the golden alms of blessing, man had coined himself a curse;\n  Rome of Caesar, Rome of Peter,--which was crueler, which was worse?\"\n\nYou are beginning, Oh theologians, to be ashamed of the history of\nyour tribe, and to doubt in your own hearts the horrid creeds you are\nstill teaching; and a few have even thrown them off entirely and\njoined in the movement of emancipation,--even Andover is uneasy\nbeneath its old yoke. But the chief problem of progress is still to\nget rid of your creeds, and return to that simple, universal religion,\nof which Jesus was the most powerful teacher,--a religion that had no\nchurch, no creed, no intolerance, and which dealt only in that\nuniversal love to which all human souls respond when they receive it.\n\nYet never has this simple religion of Jesus appeared, nor any effort\ntowards its imperfect realization, without provoking orthodox\nhostility; and never has science taken one bold step in advance to\nunderstand the Bible of creation, or the Divine wisdom embodied in the\nconstitution of man, without finding all orthodox power arrayed\nagainst each step of progress, and your orthodox anathemas ready for\neach fearless seeker of the truth.\n\nNever had astronomy, never had geology, never had phrenology, never\nhad anthropology, one smile from the organized theological guardians\nof the ancient falsehood called orthodoxy. Neither had political\nliberty any better treatment than mental liberty. Neither the white\nman, the red man, nor the black man found friendship or protection\nuntil very recently in any orthodox church, for the church was\ninvariably the ally of the despot. Witness all European history,\nwitness the history of Mexico and South America,--witness the history\nof the United States,--witness the present condition of Europe,\ngroaning under the mountain load of taxation to pay war debts, to\nsustain the cannon foundries, forts, ships, barracks, and, in a word,\nthe _armament of hell_, for it is but a grand, prearranged plan for\nfurther homicide and devastation; and all--all, alas! established and\nsustained by a government inspired by the church, which falsely claims\nto represent the principles of Christ in its terribly apostate career!\n\nWith a loathing and horror that words cannot express I turn from this\nscene--in which, though latent at this moment, there lie all the\nhorrors of the Roman amphitheatre, and wars of the legions of Scipio,\nMarius, Tiberius, Caesar, Nero, Severus, Decius, Valerianus, of Alaric,\nAttila, and Genghis Khan--to the dawn of liberty, peace, and\nenlightenment on the American continent, where, though old forms and\ninstitutions may survive, their interior nature or life is\nchanged,--where the apostate church is slowly relinquishing its\napostacy and growing into harmony with modern liberty and progress.\n\nThe time is coming, I trust, when Christian churches in the United\nStates shall return to follow the sublime examples of the founders of\nChristianity; shall practise and diffuse that spirit of love in which\nis all freedom, all toleration and co-operation; shall welcome science\nand philosophy, and become the centre of all cooperative efforts for\nhuman amelioration.\n\nThe ameliorations of the last hundred years are so great that we may\nwell anticipate still greater changes in the coming century; for, as\nWhittier says:\n\n  \"Still the new transcends the old,\n  In signs and tokens manifold.\"\n\nIt is reasonable to anticipate this change, because the old battle\nbetween religion and science, which placed each in a false position,\nmust come to an end. The battle is still in progress,--there is still\nan antagonism; and scientists will object to the JOURNAL OF MAN\nbecause its science is associated with religion; while theologians\nwill object to its religion because based on science; but the contest\nnow proceeds with diminishing rancor, and there have been minor\nreconciliations or truces between scientists and theologians. But\nfinally the grand reconciliation must come from this, that when\nscience advances into the psychic realm,--when it demonstrates the\nexistence of the soul, and demonstrates that heaven is not a morbid\ndream but a splendid reality,--the religious sentiment will recognize\nsuch science as its friend; and when science goes farther, and\ninterprets the Divine laws as written by omnipotent wisdom in the\nconstitution of man, more plainly and far more fully than they have\never been expressed in religious writings, then will religion perceive\nthat such science is the Divine messenger before whom it should bow in\nreverence, and whose every utterance should be held sacred.\n\nIt is thus the mission of anthropology to enlighten religion, to\ninterpret the Divine law, and to reign in the kingdom of heaven, to\nwhich it is to lead us; and it is the mission of the JOURNAL OF MAN to\npresent and keep before the enlightened few the guiding wisdom of\nanthropology.\n\n\n\n\nTHE PHRENOLOGICAL DOCTRINES OF DR. GALL.\n\nTHEIR PAST AND PRESENT STATUS.\n\n\nScience ought to emancipate mankind from the control of the animal\ninstincts, and in the purely physical and mathematical sciences it\ndoes. In mathematics, dynamics, optics, acoustics, astronomy,\nelectricity, engineering, and mechanics, the dictates of pure\nintellect are seldom interfered with by any blind impulse, attraction,\nor prejudice. But it is very different in the realm of opinion--in\nmatters in which reason should be supreme, with as absolute authority\nas number and form have in mathematics.\n\nA thousand can measure and calculate, and can obey implicitly in\nthought the mathematical laws, for one that can reason and obey\nimplicitly the dictates of pure reason. If an error is made in the\nconstruction of a bridge, erection of a house, or financial report of\na bank, thousands may at once detect the error, and by clear\nexposition compel its recognition. But in matters of opinion\ncontrolled by reason, there is no such ready detection and recognition\nof error, even by the best educated classes. The realm of opinion is\never in chaos. Contradictory opinions are ever clashing; no supreme\narbiter is known; no law of reason, like the laws of mathematics,\ncomes in to dissipate error and delusion.\n\nWhy is this? Anthropology replies that reason is as positive, clear,\nand imperative as mathematical principles, but that men have not been\neducated to exercise and to obey the faculty of reason, as they have\nbeen to measure and to count. In matters of opinion, feeling and\nimpulse are allowed to dominate over reason, and to hug the delusions\nwhich reason would dispel. We have _no educational system_, no\ncollege, in which the art of reasoning is properly taught, although\nthe shallow pedantry of Aristotelian logic has assumed to teach the\nart of reasoning. The faculties themselves of our colleges do not\nunderstand or practice the true art of reasoning, for if they did,\nthey would harmonize in opinion as mathematicians harmonize in\ncalculations, and would lead the onward march of mind continually,\nmaking or accepting discoveries of the highest importance, instead of\nstanding, as they do, impregnable castles of ancient error in matters\nof opinion, though moderately progressive in physical science.\n\nIt is for these reasons that popular opinions and opinions of\nuniversities are of little value. Everything else but reason dominates\nthem. The gift of a founder, the decree of a king, parliament, or\npope, the decision of some ancient conclave of the superstitious and\nignorant, or the imperious will of some interested body of lords,\nplutocrats, monks, or political usurpers, establishes the mould in\nwhich opinions are cast; and the soft brains of inexperienced and\nunreflective youth are easily compressed into the form of the\nestablished mould, and from that deformed condition they seldom or\nnever entirely recover true symmetry. Never taught to reason deeply or\naccurately, they yield to the sympathetic mesmeric control of social\nopinions and impulses, without looking to their origin, Hence the\nlamentable fact that in matters of opinion or philosophy, as in social\namusements and fashions, the animal instinct of gregariousness rules,\nand men move in masses like herds of sheep or buffaloes.\n\nThese considerations prepare us to appreciate justly the value of\nformer and contemporary opinions in reference to the science of the\nbrain.\n\nThe mystery that surrounded its anatomy was dispelled by Dr. Gall, and\nmodern scientists have been building upon the foundation laid by him.\nIt is not necessary now to dwell upon his protracted and careful study\nof the comparative development of the brain in men and animals.\nSuffice it to say no naturalist was ever more diligent, fearless, and\nsuccessful, in the study of nature; and the conclusive evidence of his\nsuccess is the fact that no student of nature who travelled after his\nfootsteps has failed to see what he saw, and recognize Gall as a\ngrand, original teacher.\n\nWhy is it, then, that the reputation of Gall and his discoveries of\nmental organs in the brain has been so fluctuating? Why have the\ndiscoveries that came forward with so imposing a prestige at the\nbeginning of this century so entirely lost that prestige in the\ncolleges in sixty years, that the writings of Gall and his disciples\nare generally neglected? Vague, unscientific speculations have taken\ntheir place; the colleges and literati are groping in darkness, and,\nlike plants in a cellar which reach out to the dim windows, they look\nanxiously for the information that may come from laboratories and\nanatomical halls, where animals by thousands are tortured to find the\nsources of _physical_ functions, forgetful of the fact that the human\nbrain is a _psychic_ organ, and that _a whole century of such\ninvestigations_ would leave the grand problems of _conscious_ life and\ncharacter in primeval darkness!\n\nHave they no respect for the labors and honorable observations of\nclear-headed scientists fifty to eighty years ago? Were the anatomists\nReil and Loder deceived when they testified to Gall's wonderful\ndiscoveries in anatomy? Were Andral, Broussais, Corvsart, and others,\nwho stood at the head of the medical profession in France, deceived\nwhen they were followers of Gall? Was Dr. Vimont deceived when the\nstudy of the animal kingdom converted him from an opponent to a\nsupporter of Gall? Were Elliotson and Solly of London, the Combes of\nScotland, Macartney of Ireland, and a full score of others in the\nhighest ranks of medical science deceived in giving their testimony\nthat the anatomy of the brain, its development in the healthy, its\namply recorded pathology, revealed in hospitals, and its phenomena in\nthe insane asylums and prisons, supported the doctrines of Gall?\n\nThey were not deceived, and they were not blind. _They were\nobservers._ Their successors, sinking into the agnosticism of\npseudoscience, have thus sunk because they have abandoned the methods\nof science to adopt the methods of ignorant partisanship. They have\nnot studied the comparative development of the brain in connection\nwith character, and therefore they know little or nothing of it. They\nare not competent as observers of development, because they have never\nattempted to become acquainted with it. Even so eminent a writer as\nthe late Prof. W. B. Carpenter shows by his writings, which are a\nmonument of laborious erudition, that he did not understand so simple\na matter as the external form of the cranium belonging to the\ndevelopment of the cerebellum.\n\nCranioscopy, the study of the brain and its proportional development\nthrough the cranium, which is the method by which Gall made his\ndiscoveries, is a _lost art_ in the medical profession, and I doubt if\nthere is a single professor in any American or European medical\ncollege to-day, who has a competent knowledge of it. The art of\ncranioscopy requires as its basis a correct knowledge of the anatomy\nof the brain and skull, a correct knowledge of the localities of all\nthe cerebral organs, and a practical skill in determining their\ndevelopment with accuracy. A variation of one eighth of an inch in\ndevelopment will change the destiny of the individual, and incorrect\nconceptions of the growth of the brain and the natural irregularities\nof the cranium would vitiate the conclusions of the observers. A\nsomewhat famous but unscientific practitioner of phrenology gave a\ngood illustration of this by mistaking a rugged development of the\nlambdoid suture for an enormous organ of combativeness, and ascribing\nto the gentleman a terrific, pugnacious energy which was the very\nopposite of his true character.\n\nThe sciolism of popular phrenology, scantily supplied with anatomical\nknowledge, and but little better supplied with clear psychic\nconceptions, is incapable of commending the science to the esteem of\ncritical observers, and of course incapable of sustaining its\nreputation against the overwhelming opposition of medical colleges.\nThus rejected or at least neglected in the universities, which supply\nits place with worthless metaphysics, and unsustained before the\npublic,--for the tone of literature is controlled by the\nuniversities,--it is not strange that the grand discoveries of Gall\nare neglected as they are to-day.\n\nThe objections to Gall's discoveries which have been considered\nsufficient, have generally been the offspring of ignorance and\nsuperficial thinking. Thousands of physicians have been misled by\nprofessors of anatomy thoroughly ignorant of the subject, who have\nshown to their own ignorant satisfaction how impossible it was to\njudge of the development of the brain through the skull. The attacks\nupon phrenology have been generally remarkable for their logical\nfeebleness. Any one well acquainted with the science and the phenomena\nin nature, could have made a much more effective attack,--an attack\nwhich would have _appeared_ entirely unanswerable; but no such attack\nhas been made.\n\nThere has been, however, one _valid_ objection to the discoveries of\nGall, which has done much to discredit the whole system. He ascribed\nto the entire cerebellum the sexual function alone, in doing which he\ndisregarded the facts developed by vivisection. Ample observation has\nshown his error. The cerebellum is the physiological as the cerebrum\nis the psychic brain, and a defined central portion of the cerebellum\nat the median line does exercise, in connection with the summit of the\nspinal cord, the sexual functions. This has been fully established by\npathology, as well as by my own experiments. In this matter Gall is\ncertainly entitled to the credit of _approximating_ the truth, the\nfunction being located within the territory assigned it.\n\nThe fundamental doctrine, however, which Gall has the immortal honor\nof establishing, is that the cerebrum is not a homogeneous unitary\norgan, but a mass of distinct organs, as distinct as the sensitive and\nmotor columns of the spinal cord, and exercising _different mental\nfunctions_. Whatever errors of detail he may have fallen into cannot\nobscure the glory of the pioneer in the anatomy and psychology of the\nbrain. His anatomical doctrines have stood the test of time; they are\nestablished; and his psychic doctrines are as near an approach to\nabsolute truth as ever was made by a pioneer in a wilderness of\nmystery. Gall himself, with the just self-respect which belongs to a\nsincere and fearless seeker of scientific truth, expressed his\nattitude as follows, at the close of the sixth volume of his works:--\n\n\"These views of the qualities and faculties of man are not the fruit\nof subtile reasonings. They bear not the impress of the age in which\nthey originate, and will not wear out with it. They are the result of\nnumberless observations, and will be immutable and eternal like the\nfacts that have been observed, and the fundamental powers which those\nfacts force us to admit. They are not only founded on principles\ndeduced from individual facts, but are confirmed by each individual\nfact in particular, and will forever come off triumphant from every\ntest to which they may be submitted, whether of analysis or synthesis.\nIf the reasonings of metaphysicians are ever discarded, this\nphilosophy of the human qualities and faculties will be the foundation\nof all philosophy in time to come.\"\n\nThese are the words of a grand-souled philosopher, who _knew_ that he\nwas speaking the truth, and forcing, as if at the point of the\nbayonet, a great, new truth upon the stolidity of the colleges. The\nsimple truth of fibrous structure in the brain, now known to every\ntyro in anatomy, was contested in the days of Gall and Spurzheim, and\nhad to be enforced by public dissection in an Edinburgh amphitheatre.\nWith the same unreasoning stolidity the doctrine of the multiplicity\nof organs in the brain was shunned, evaded, or denied, though it would\nseem idiotic for any physiologist to assume such a position (by\nsuppressing his own common sense) when the aim of all modern\ninvestigations of the brain is to discover different functions in\ndifferent parts.\n\nThe great doctrine of the multiplicity of cerebral organs, introduced\nby Gall, could not be suppressed or ignored among those who\ninvestigate the brain in any manner. All modern investigators tacitly\nrecognize it, for none could so stultify themselves as to assume the\nbrain to be a homogeneous unit in either structure or functions, while\nseeking to discover the peculiar functions of each part. Thus his\nfundamental ideas are adopted by his opponents, and step by step they\nwill be compelled to admit his general correctness, and his grand\nservices as the pioneer in the highest department of science, the most\nprolific in important results to mankind. \"Every honest and erudite\nanatomist,\" says Sir Samuel Solly in his standard work on the anatomy\nof the brain, \"must acknowledge that we are indebted mainly to Gall\nand Spurzheim for the improvements which have been made in our mode of\nstudying the brain. For my own part, I most cheerfully acknowledge\nthat the interest which I derived from the lectures of Dr. Spurzheim\nat St. Thomas' Hospital about the years 1822 and 1823, has been the\ninciting cause of all the labor which for above twenty years I have at\nintervals devoted to this subject.\"\n\nThe organ of language, his first discovery, located at the junction of\nthe front and middle lobes, has been the first to receive the general\nrecognition of the medical profession, because it is easy to recognize\nits failures in disease, and the morbid condition of its organ.\n\nIts general recognition by physiologists now is not usually\naccompanied by any reference to Gall as its discoverer. They are\nprobably not aware that he located it correctly, because he referred\nso much to its external sign in the prominence of the eyes. This\nprominence of the eyes indicates development of the brain at the back\nof their sockets. The external marking of organs is to indicate where\nthey lie and in what direction their development produces exterior\nprojection. The junction of the front and middle lobes, including the\nso-called \"island of Reil\" (who was a pupil of Gall, and spoke of him\nas the most wonderful of anatomists), has its most direct external\nindication at the outer angle of the eye. That is the location which\nhas been given the organ by my experiments, which were made without\nreference to anatomy, without even a thought of it, for I consider\nsuch experiments the supreme authority in physiology, and do not stop\nto inquire whether any previous knowledge supports them or not.\n\nDr. Gall had the true idea, for although he spoke of the general\nprominence of the eye as the indication, he also recognized the\ndevelopment as extending in the direction in which I have located it.\nHe regarded the organ of language as a convolution lying on the\nsuper-orbital plate, behind the position of the eyeball. This\nconvolution is comparatively defective in animals generally, but more\ndeveloped in birds of superior vocal powers. In addition to this, he\nobserved the growth extending into the temples, where the front and\nmiddle lobes unite. \"A great diameter in this direction,\" he says, \"is\nalways a favorable augury for the memory of words. I have seen persons\nwho with an ordinary conformation of the eyes yet learned by heart\nwith great facility. But in these cases the diameter from one temple\nto the other is ordinarily very considerable, and sometimes even the\ninferior part of the temples is projecting, which attests a great\ndevelopment of the adjacent cerebral parts.\"\n\nThus it is evident that he recognized the structure behind the\nexternal angle of the eye as an important part of the organ of\nlanguage.\n\nThe interior portion of the convolution is the more intellectual\nportion of the organ, while the exterior portion is that which holds\nthe closest relation to the fibres of the _corpora striata_ in the\nmiddle lobe, and may therefore most properly be called the organ of\nlanguage or of speech, the impairment of which produces aphasia, or\nloss of speech. This is the form which has chiefly attracted the\nattention of the medical profession, as it very often accompanies\nparalytic affections from disease of the _corpora striata_.\n\nEvidently Gall arrived at the correct location, and he illustrates the\ndiscovery by referring to a great number of authors and scientists\nwhose development he observed. His most decisive fact is the case of a\npatient who lost the memory of names entirely, but not the power of\nspeech, by a thrust from a foil, which penetrated through the face,\nthe posterior inner part of the front lobe, at its junction with the\nmiddle lobe, thus wounding the internal part of the organ of language,\nbut not reaching the outer posterior part, at the island of Reil, to\nwhich pathologists have given their chief attention.\n\nEvidently Gall had the correct idea, and should have been duly\ncredited by the pathologists who have verified his discovery.\n\nIn verifying this discovery by excitement of the organs, I find the\ncentre of language behind the external angle of the eye, on each side\nof which, toward the nose and toward the temples, are analogous\nfunctions which might, if we did not analyze closely, be included with\nit, as portions of the organ of language.\n\nThe discoveries of Gall, though no longer sustained by colleges or\nphrenological societies, have never lost their hold upon the students\nwho follow his teachings and study nature. A few phrenological writers\nand lecturers maintain the interest among those they reach, but our\nstandard literature generally ignores the doctrines, and forgets the\nname of Gall. Yet the eclipse is not total. It will pass away as this\ncentury ends, and the fame of the great pioneer in science will be\nimmortal, for it rests not on any wave of eighteenth century opinion,\nbut is based on that which is \"immutable and eternal.\"\n\nYet so thoroughly has the present generation of physicians been misled\nby the colleges into ignorance of the labors of Gall, that although\nthey know the location of the faculty of language is now beyond doubt,\nthey do not think of the discoverer or understand his discoveries, but\nvaguely suppose that Ferrier, Jackson, Fritsch, Hitzig, and others\nhave entirely superseded Gall by their inferences from experiments on\nthe brains of animals. In this how greatly are they deceived! All that\nmodern vivisectors have done has utterly failed to disturb the\ncerebral science derived from cranial observation by Gall and myself,\nand from direct experiment by myself. On the contrary, the immense\nlabor of their researches serves only to add new illustrations and\nfacts corroborating and co-operating with what was previously\nascertained, as will be fully shown when \"Cerebral Psychology\" shall\nbe published.\n\nIt was once supposed that the intellectual functions of the front lobe\nwere entirely refuted by discoveries which proved the front lobe the\nsource of muscular impulses. More thorough experimenting dissipated\nthis illusion. Ferrier reported that after a partial ablation of the\nfront lobes in intelligent monkeys, \"instead of, as before, being\nactively interested in their surroundings and curiously prying into\nall that came within the field of their observation, they remained\napathetic or dull, or dozed off to sleep, responding only to the\nsensations or impressions of the moment, or varying their listlessness\nwith restless and purposeless wanderings to and fro. They had lost to\nall appearance the faculty of attentive and intelligent observation.\"\nThis is precisely what the true cerebral psychology indicates. The\nimaginary muscular powers were not at all detected, for the section of\nthe front lobe had no influence on the muscular system.\n\nThe science of Gall was a science of facts relevant to great\nprinciples. The science of his opponents was a science of irrelevant\nfacts, revealing no philosophy. Students of nature adhered to Gall;\nstudents of books and adherents of authority neglected him. Of this\nthere is no better illustration than the great collection of De Ville\nin London, of which the following account is given in the admirable\ntreatise on phrenology (of 637 pages) by Dr. James P. Browne of\nEdinburgh.\n\n\"How wide and various are the channels through which the phrenologist\nderives his facts. In society, whichever way he turns, they are\nconstantly being presented for his contemplation. Besides there is not\na city or town of any note that does not contain a collection of\nauthentic casts of well-known persons; and up to the year 1853, the\ngallery of Mr. De Ville, in London, contained the largest and most\nvaluable phrenological collection in the world of casts and skulls of\nmen and women remarkable for the greatness of their talents, or the\npeculiarities of their dispositions; including above three hundred\nbusts, both antique and modern, of the most renowned men the world has\never seen. The whole number amounted at least to three thousand. About\ntwo thousand skulls of animals of every denomination were also to be\nfound there. There could be seen the form of head which accompanied\nthe _poetical instincts_ and high moral aspirations of the poor\npeasant boy, John Clare; and how strikingly dissimilar it was in its\nmost marked characteristics to the head of George Stevenson, one of\nthe most original of _mechanical_ geniuses. Both were self-taught, but\none was intensely _active_, the other _cogitative_. The mind of Clare\nwas constantly engaged in poetical musings upon the moral affections,\ntheir pains and their pleasures; that of Stevenson was drawn by an\ninherent impulse to physical objects, and perseveringly devoted to the\ndiscovery of such mechanical combinations of them as might be of\nlasting benefit to society. There might be pointed out the cause of\nthe difference of style which characterized the oratory of Mansfield\nand Erskine, of Canning and of Brougham: and that which constituted\nthe elements of mind and their combinations, which raised Edmund\nBurke, as a prescient statesman, to a height such as neither Pitt, nor\nFox, nor even Chatham was capable of reaching. There might be seen in\nBanks's fine bust of him, the cause why Warren Hastings, though he was\nendowed with many good qualities which endeared him to his friends,\nwas, nevertheless, covetous, self-willed, domineering, unjust, and, in\nsome instances, pitiless, as Governor-General of India. What a\ncontrast to this did the bust of the Marquis of Wellesley, by\nNollekens, present. Not only did it indicate that the disposition of\nthat distinguished statesman was unimbued with the slightest tincture\nof hypocrisy, avarice, or the love of self-willed domination, but, on\nthe contrary, it was phrenologically symbolic of an instinctive\ncarelessness in regard to his own pecuniary interests, a disposition\nwhich in his case, perhaps, amounted to a fault, and which his\nintellect, capacious of great things, and comparatively heedless of\nwhatever is little, was ill-calculated to redress. There might be seen\nin Behnes Burlowe's bust of Macintosh indications of the vastness of\nhis intellect, and the unobtrusive gentleness of his disposition;\nwhilst Chantrey's exquisite bust of Lord Castlereagh afforded marked\nindications of his having been endowed with courage the most heroic,\nunalloyed by the slightest tinge of complexional fear, and with an\nintellect well balanced, devising, and industrious, but certainly\nnarrow in its range as compared with that of Sir. J. Macintosh. There,\ntoo, might be seen the true physical indications of the imperturbable\ncoolness of Castlereagh, and of the sensitiveness and warm\nsusceptibility of Canning.\n\n\"Amongst the skulls of birds how readily could the practised observer\ndistinguish the skull of the tuneful, melodious canary from that of\nthe chirping, inharmonious sparrow. Nor could he fail to mark the\nconstant difference between the form of the head of a song thrush and\nthat of the jackdaw; or to discern how the cuckoo's head is hollow\nwhere the organ of the love of offspring is located, whilst the same\npart presents a striking protuberance in the partridge. In the\ndolphin, the porpoise, the seal, and many other animals, the male\ncould there be distinguished from the female by the form of the back\npart of the skull, where the same organ lies. Nor could any one fail\nto mark the form of head that is the invariable, and evidently\nindispensable, concomitant of the ferocious and sanguinary temper of\nthe tiger, as well as the strong contrast which it presents to the\nskull of the wild but gentle gazelle. How superior also the elevated\nbrain of the poodle dog, when compared with that of the indocile,\nsnarling cur! Thus in animals of the same species the most marked\ndisparity of form is easily discernible, on comparing the skulls of\nsuch as are docile and gentle, with those of the dull and intractable.\nThe elevation of the one and the depression of the other are obvious.\n\n\"In an ethnological point of view that collection was very valuable.\nWhat a striking contrast was presented there by the rounded form of\nthe skull of the fierce, indomitable American Indian, who is so averse\nto intercourse with strangers, and the rather narrow, elongated head\nof the indolent negro, who is devoted to social enjoyments. How wide\nwas the difference between the head of the Sandwich Islander or of the\nTahitian and that of the Australian or the Tasmanian. How much\nsuperior to either of them were the heads of the civilized Incas of\nPeru, which had not been submitted to the distorting process of\nartificial compression. Neither could the wide disparity between the\nMaori and the Gentoo escape the notice of the most careless observer.\nAnd how immeasurably inferior in form were they all to the noble head\nwhich is the issue of the mingling of the Celtic, Saxon, and Norman\nraces (imbued with an infusion of old Roman, blood), such as it is\nfound to be in these islands, and in the United States.\n\n\"Perhaps it may not be considered out of place if I relate a\ncircumstance of considerable interest to those who make it a point to\nmake strict inquiry as to the amount of knowledge which certain races\nare capable of imbibing.\n\n\"Some twenty years ago and more, when the great anatomist, Tiedemann,\nwas in London, he paid a visit to De Ville's Phrenological Museum. I\nsaw him as he entered the place. He was erect and tall, with an air\nsomewhat stately, yet perfectly unassuming. His head was not so\nremarkable for great size as for its fine symmetry, and the organs of\nthe moral and intellectual portions of it were in a rare degree\nharmoniously blended. It was the characteristic head of a curious,\nindefatigable, conscientious inquirer into the _arcana_ of physical\nthings--one who was not given to indulge in unprofitable, visionary\nspeculations. His visit to De Ville being strictly private, there was\nno opportunity afforded me of hearing his remarks. But, afterwards, it\nwas told me by De Ville himself, that Tiedemann supposed (and in this\nhe resembled all other opponents of phrenology) that because he had\ntested the capacity of a great many negro and European skulls, by\nfilling them with millet seed, and found that, on an an average, those\nof the Africans were scarcely inferior in size to the skulls of\nEuropeans--that from that fact he thought it probable that the negro,\nif placed in advantageous circumstances, ought to be capable of\nexhibiting powers of mind equal to the European.\n\n\"But when the humble, self-educated follower of Gall demonstrated to\nthis celebrated physiologist and anatomist that the _forehead_ of the\nnegro is _usually_ much smaller than that of the European, and that,\nmoreover, its form, with few exceptions, is irregular and\nill-balanced; and when he showed that the size of the negro skull in\nthe basilar portion, where the organs of the affections (which we\npossess in common with the lower animals) lie, was, in proportion to\nthe upper and anterior parts, which are the seats of the moral and\nintellectual faculties, larger in the negro than in the European--when\nDe Ville showed, by many instances, that this is always and infallibly\nthe case (with the exception of the heads of criminals), Tiedemann\nraised his hands and said, 'The labor of years is now, I clearly see,\nof no use to me; and I must destroy many valuable things bearing upon\nthis theme.' Thus, by following the _true_ mode of investigating this\ndepartment of natural history, was an uneducated man, of good talents,\nenabled to correct a mistake in anatomy and physiology committed by\none of the ablest anatomists that Europe has given birth to.\n\n\"For the long term of twenty-two years the writer of this treatise\ntook every opportunity, afforded him by the kindness of its generous\nowner, to study the contents of this rare collection; and, after\nhaving studied it with assiduous care, he is bound to say that out of\nthe hundred thousand facts which it contained, not one could be\npointed out that did not testify to the never-failing agreement of\nparticular parts or organs of the brain, with certain independent,\nelementary faculties, according to the laws discovered by Gall.\n\n\"It is with the view of demonstrating the stability and\nunchangeableness of those laws that the composition of this treatise\nhas been undertaken; in order to excite in its regard such a degree of\nattention as will tend to awaken it from the state of inauspicious\nsomnolency in which it has for some years lain prostrate. But,\nstrongly impressed with a conviction of the importance of the subject,\nand fully alive to the difficulty of treating it, the writer cannot\nhelp being crossed by fears for the success of this attempt. Relying,\nhowever, upon the solidity of the foundation upon which his subject\nrests, and surveying the vast store of accumulated materials which\nhave, for more than thirty years, been constantly passing through his\nhands, and the facts which are now strewn before him in whatever\nsociety he may be placed, he would fain hope that even his humble\nabilities will enable him to make such a selection of incontrovertible\nfacts as will place beyond a doubt the possibility of determining the\ninnate talents and dispositions of any one by making a skilful survey\nof the head; and, should he succeed in merely raising a more general\nspirit of active inquiry in regard to the nature of the evidence\nadduced, and the deductions drawn from it by phrenologists, than at\npresent exists, he will have reaped a fair reward for his efforts, for\nhe has long been thoroughly convinced that a strict and faithful\nexamination of the facts which bear upon the case is alone requisite\nfor converting the incredulous scoffer into the zealous advocate.\"\n\nHaving thus vindicated the claims of the great pioneer in philosophy,\nour next issue will show the limitations of his discoveries, and give\nan outline of the new and all-comprehensive Anthropology.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nTHERAPEUTIC SARCOGNOMY.--The publication of this work has\nbeen laid aside to introduce the JOURNAL OF MAN. It will appear\nduring the present year, but not in a cheap abridged form as first\nproposed. It will be an improved edition.\n\n\n\n\nTHE GREAT LAND QUESTION.\n\nAGITATED BY HENRY GEORGE, MICHAEL DAVITT, PROF. WALLACE, DR. EADON AND\nREFORMATORY SOCIETIES IN GREAT BRITAIN AND GERMANY.\n\n\nThey who in the fearless pursuit of truth attain ideas for which the\nage is not prepared are recognized as Utopians. The dullards who have\nnot the desire, and _therefore_ have not the capacity to seek new\ntruth, languidly regard as dreamers the men who talk of things so\nforeign to their own habits. The more dogmatic class, inspired by the\ndogmatism of the colleges, array themselves in scorn to repel new\nthought. But, fortunately, as men die they fail to transmit _all_ of\ntheir bigotry to posterity, and new men come in with new ideas.\n\nIn that new world of thought to which anthropology belongs, the basis\nof social order is understood, and I felt it my duty in 1847 to\npresent the law of justice in relation to \"The Land and the People,\"\nwith very little hope that the doctrine presented would ever become in\nmy own lifetime a basis of political action, since other ideas equally\ntrue and equally demonstrable have to bide their time. But the toilers\nwho suffer from the lack of employment have furnished an eager\naudience to the land reformers, and the great land question is\ndestined to agitate the nations for a century to come. The _Boston\nGlobe_ recently called attention to the original presentation of this\nsubject at Cincinnati, in the following editorial:--\n\n\"There seems to be a notion prevalent that the ideas advocated by Mr.\nGeorge are novel. But they are not. They once more illustrate the\nfamiliar fact that there is nothing new under the sun. Much the same\ndoctrines were urged here in America at least forty years ago, and\nwere the subject of comment in the papers of the day.\n\n\"Dr. J. R. Buchanan, now of Boston, presented the case at Cincinnati\nin 1847 much as it is now put by Mr. George and Mr. Davitt. The\nMemphis _Appeal_ of September 23 of that year, gave an elaborate\nreview of Dr. Buchanan's essay, in which it said:\n\n    \"'The Land and the People' is the title of a well-written\n    pamphlet from the pen of Dr. J. R. Buchanan of Cincinnati,\n    formerly known to our citizens as an able and accomplished\n    lecturer on the science of neurology. It is quite plain from\n    the production in question that the doctor has not confined\n    himself to the study of the physiological system, of which we\n    believe he is the author, but has evidently thought deeply\n    upon other subjects vitally concerning the well being and\n    progress of society. Whatever may be thought of the positions\n    of this pamphlet, we cannot deny to it the merit of great\n    beauty of style and force of logic. The whole argument is\n    based upon the proposition that the earth is the original gift\n    of God to man, and as such belongs of right to the human race\n    in general, and not to the individuals of the race separately.\n    The author insists that the land is not the product of man's\n    labor any more than air, sunshine, or water, and that\n    originally this gift of God ought to have been left as free as\n    those lighter, but indispensable elements must ever be, from\n    their very nature. The artificial and unnatural laws which\n    have sprung up and become fastened upon society have thrown\n    immense obstacles in the way of the bare perception of this\n    great truth, as the doctor deems it, besides at the same time\n    interposing barriers almost insurmountable to its reception\n    and adoption into the framework of government. It is insisted,\n    however, that these obstacles may be overcome, and the rights\n    of the people restored to them, without any injustice to the\n    present proprietors of land, and without any convulsions in\n    the great elements of society.\n\n\"Dr. Buchanan explained in his essay, as Mr. George does in his works\nnow, that he did not mean to annul the existing titles to land. 'Far\nfrom it,' Dr. Buchanan said. 'Such a scheme would be a miserable\nclimax of folly and injustice, fit only to render the great principle\nequally odious and ridiculous.' The doctor insisted that he proposed\nto 'maintain in legislation the broad principle that the nation owns\nthe soil, and that this ownership is paramount to all individual\nclaims,' and from this fundamental proposition as a corner-stone the\nsuperstructure was to be built up. The present proprietors of the soil\nwere not to be disturbed in their possession, and the government was\nnot to interfere in the details of agriculture, renting and leasing\nestates, determining possession, etc. But the owners were to be\nconsidered as the tenants of the nation, paying rent to it for the\nbenefit of the people at large. This rent was to be extremely small at\nfirst, estimated upon the value of the soil alone, without the\nimprovements, that being the original gift of nature, free to all. It\nwas to be increased, however, in the course of two generations, until\na rent of about 5 per cent should have been exacted from all the\ntenants of the nation--that is, from all who occupied any portion of\nthe soil. The rent thus raised--a vast revenue--was to be applied to\nthe establishment of free colleges, free schools, free libraries, and\nother institutions calculated to improve and benefit the citizen.\n\n\"This is the doctrine, substantially, as put forth at the present time\nby Mr. George, and by so many persons supposed to be entirely new.\nAgain we remark that 'there is nothing new under the sun.'\"\n\nThis subject will be taken up hereafter in the JOURNAL OF MAN. Its\nprogress as a policy will be noted, its writers reviewed, and the\ndictates of dispassionate science presented. It is too late to\nintercept the folly and crime that have surrendered the rights of the\npeople in the American continent, but not too late to begin\nreclamation of our lost sovereignty.\n\nWe shall have ample discussions of this subject. Mr. George has given\nus \"Progress and Poverty\" (cloth, $1.00; paper, 20 cents); \"Social\nProblems,\" at the same price; \"The Land Question\" (paper, 10 cents);\n\"Property in Land\" (paper, 15 cents); \"Protection or Free Trade\"\n(cloth, $1.50). At Baltimore a volume has been issued as one of the\nJohns Hopkins University studies in political and historical science,\nwritten by Shosuke Sato, Ph. D., Special Commissioner of the Colonial\nDepartment of Japan. N. Murray is the publishing agent, and the price\nin paper is $1.00. This work is a \"History of the Land Question in the\nUnited States,\" and describes the formation of the public domain by\npurchase and cession, and the entire administration of the land system\nof the United States. The land laws of early times and of other\ncountries are stated in the introduction. Another very instructive\nwork recently issued is entitled, \"Labor, Land, and Law; a Search for\nthe Missing Wealth of the Working Poor,\" by William A. Phillips;\npublished by Charles Scribner's Sons, New York. Mr. Phillips has been\na member of Congress from Kansas, and his work is an extensive view of\nthe land question in other countries as well as the United States.\n\nIn the near future this must be the burning question of politics and\nstatesmanship, as it is at present in Great Britain. The agitations in\nIreland, Scotland, and Wales have long been on the verge of bloody\nconflict, and a Land League has been formed in Germany at Berlin, of\nwhich Dr. A. Theodor Stamm is president, having for its object the\ntransfer of land ownership from individuals to the State. A newspaper\nat Berlin is devoted to its objects.\n\nA few facts show how inevitable the conflict that is coming, while the\nagricultural classes of all Europe are being driven by American\ncompetition deeper and deeper into poverty and inability to pay rent,\nwhich can never be again what it has been. The New York _Evening Post_\nvery justly says: \"The truth is, we are witnessing in Ireland the\ngradual disappearance of rent. The land is no longer able to support\nanybody but the actual cultivator. To make this process peaceful, and\nas far as possible harmless to all parties, ought to be the chief\nconcern of the Government.\" Landlordism in Great Britain has small\nclaims upon our sympathy, for the great body of the land is held by\ntitles which have no other basis than the robbery of old by military\npower. According to John Bright, in England and Wales one hundred\npersons own 4,000,000 acres; in Scotland twelve persons own 4,346,000\nacres, and seventy persons own the half of Scotland; nine tenths of\nall the land in Scotland belongs to 1,700 persons, the rest of the\npopulation having only one tenth. In Ireland less than 800 persons own\nhalf of all the land, and 330 persons own two thirds of all the land\nin Scotland; 402 members of the House of Lords hold 14,240,912 acres,\nwith a rental of $56,865,637.\n\nIt is no wonder that the tenants of the Duke of Argyle have risen\nagainst the police that enforce the landlord's claims, and that the\nWelsh resistance against tithes has impoverished the Welsh clergy.\n\nThe Irish agitation has a just basis, which was well stated by the\nBoston _Herald_ as follows:--\n\n\"The assertion has been frequently made that rents have increased more\nin England than in Ireland; but one of the ablest English\nstatisticians, a man who can hardly be accused of partiality toward\nIreland, has recently pointed out that while in the forty years from\n1842 to 1882 the rents in England increased on an average 15\npercent, the rents in Ireland in the same period increased on an\naverage 20 per cent, and this, too, in a country where farming has\nbeen carried on on a low scale of culture, where the landlord has done\npractically nothing for his tenant, and where the results of the\nharvest are more uncertain than in England. It is the constant desire\nthat the Irish landlords have shown in the past to get the last pound\nof flesh and the last drop of blood out of their tenants that is the\ncause of the present detestation in which they are held by the\nlatter.\"\n\nIn the United States the public domain has been criminally surrendered\nto monopoly. Commissioner Sparks speaks in his reports of the\n\"widespread, persistent land robbery.\" The fences of land robbers have\nbeen removed from 2,700,000 acres, and over 5,000,000 will probably be\nredeemed. In fifteen years, 179,000,000 of acres have been given by\nCongress to various railroad corporations, a larger territory than the\nempire of Germany. Before these wrongs were consummated, nearly forty\nyears ago, I called a public meeting in the Cincinnati court house,\nwhich protested against this surrender of the people's domain. The\npresent agitation will probably bring it to an end. In the\nCongressional debates last June Mr. Eustis said \"the railroad men had\nmade fortunes as mushrooms grow in the night; a coterie of such men\nhad enriched themselves at the expense of the people of the United\nStates. They did not observe equity, honesty, or good faith, and only\ncame here to assert their legal rights and to defy the authority and\npower of Congress and the people of the United States to deal with\nthem. The great question to-day was whether the government was\nsuperior to the corporations, or the corporations superior to the\ngovernment. The corporations had exhibited shameless and unpardonable\noppression and extortion, as well as effrontery in their dealing with\nthe people and the Government of the United States.\" \"Our people and\nour country,\" said the speaker, \"were only able to stand the drafts\nthus made on their liberties because they were yet young and strong\nand vigorous.\" Mr. Eustis advocated the forfeiture of every acre of\nland that had not been earned according to the strict limitations and\nconditions imposed in the grant.\n\nIn the house of Representatives, December 11, 1886, Mr. Payson of\nIllinois, on behalf of the Committee on Public Lands, called up the\nbill declaring a forfeiture of the Ontonagon and Brule River land\ngrant. In detailing the circumstances of the grant Mr. Payson declared\nthat from the organization of the Ontonagon and Brule River Company no\nstep had ever been taken by it which did not indicate that that\norganization had been purely speculative and effected for the purpose\nof getting land from the General Government. It had been an attempt at\nbare-faced robbery from its inception down to the present time.\nReferring to the statement made by persons interested in the road,\nthat it had been accepted by commissioners and reported upon as having\nbeen built in first-class style, he asserted that miles of the road\nhad no other ballast than ice and snow, which, melting in spring, left\nthe rails held in suspension eight inches above the ground. In support\nof his assertion, he produced photographs of various sections of the\nroad and commented upon them, much to the amusement of the House. A\nbridge, as depicted by the photograph, he declared to be humped like a\ncamel and backed like a whale. A section of a mile in length showed\nbut one railroad tie; while a 250-foot cut was shown as being filled\nwith logs and brush. The bill was passed without division. It forfeits\n384,600 acres.\n\nThe march of monopoly must be arrested in the United States and\nMexico. A New England company has obtained from Mexico eighteen\nmillions of acres in lower California. All over the world the curse of\nland monopoly flourishes undisturbed. The natural result of\nlandlordism everywhere is already foreshadowed in this country by the\nexample of William Scully in Illinois. The Chicago _Tribune_ one year\nago devoted four columns to the career of Scully, a resident of\nLondon, who owns large tracts of American land, and has introduced the\nIrish landlord system in managing his American property. The _Tribune_\nsaid:--\n\n\"Scully is one of the chief figures among the alien proprietors of\nAmerican soil, and has introduced the meanest features of the worst\nforms of Irish landlordism on his estates in this country. He has\nacquired in the neighborhood of 90,000 acres of land in Illinois\nalone, at a merely nominal figure--50 cents to $1 per acre, as a rule.\nHis career as an Irish landlord was a history of oppression and\nextortion, that was appropriately finished by a bloody encounter with\nhis tenants. He was tried and acquitted on the charge of double\nmurder, but became so unpopular that in 1850 he sold most of his Irish\nproperty, and has since devoted himself to building up a landlord\nsystem in Illinois, Kansas, Nebraska, and other States. He made\nentries of the public domain through the medium of the land warrants\nissued to Mexican war soldiers, which he purchased at the rate of 50\ncents per acre. In Logan County, Ill., alone, he has 40,000 to 45,000\nacres. It is the almost universal testimony that Scully's rule in that\ncounty has reduced 250 tenants and their families to a condition\napproaching serfdom. Furthermore, Scully pays no taxes, the tenants\nsigning ironclad agreements to assume the same, but they are required\nto pay to Scully's agents the tax money at the same time as the\nrentals--the 1st of January of each year; whereas, the agent need not\nturn over the taxes to the county treasurer until about June 10\nfollowing. It is suggested that Scully probably makes a handsome\npercentage on the tax money remaining in his hands for five months. It\nis also shown that a great deal of this alien's land entirely escapes\ntaxation, thus increasing the burden on other property holders; that\nhe takes the most extraordinary precautions to secure his rent,\nexecuting a cast iron lease, with provisions that mortgage the\ntenant's all, scarcely allowing his soul to escape, and making it\ncompulsory for small grain to be sold immediately after harvest, no\nmatter what may be the condition of the market; that grain dealers are\nnotified not to buy of the tenants until Scully's rent is paid; in\nshort, that Scully has founded a land system so exacting that it is\nonly paralleled in Ireland, and rules his tenantry so despotically\nthat few can be induced to tell the story of their wrongs, justly\nfeeling that it would involve ruin to them.\"\n\nMuch sympathy has been excited by the reports of cruel evictions in\nIreland, to gratify the merciless avarice of landlords, and for the\njustice of these reports we need not depend on Irish testimony alone.\nAmerican travellers have told enough, and the London _Standard_ of\nJan. 18 says: \"Some of this winter's evictions have been inhuman\nspectacles, fit only for a barbarous country and a barbarous age.\"\n\nThere is nothing intrinsically wrong in the relation of landlord and\ntenant, which should excite a prejudice against the landlord; on the\ncontrary, many landlords have been a blessing to the communities in\nwhich they lived; but our land system is a conspicuous part of a\ngrandly false social system based on pure selfishness, which makes all\nmen jealous competitors, and destroys the spirit of fraternity.\n\nOur social system tends ever to make the rich richer and the poor\npoorer, and the struggle in Ireland is but the forerunner of a\nmovement that will extend around the globe. Is there no remedy for the\nevils? Indeed there is! Sixty years of thought have made me familiar\nwith the evils and the remedies. Some of the remedies are coming to\nthe front at present. All will in time be presented in the JOURNAL OF\nMAN.\n\nLand reform is but one of the great measures that progress demands.\nThe first and greatest is a PERFECT EDUCATION for all, moral and\nindustrial. The second is SPIRITUAL RELIGION. The third is JUSTICE TO\nWOMAN. The fourth, which is JUSTICE IN LEGISLATION, includes land\nreform, financial reform, and many other reforms. The fifth is\nINDUSTRIAL CO-OPERATION. The sixth is TEMPERANCE.\n\nThe first reform includes all the others. The second would ultimately\nbring all things right, and so would the third in a longer lapse of\ntime.\n\nANTHROPOLOGY is the intellectual guidance into all reforms, and\ntherefore should precede all. Hence it is the leading theme of this\nJournal.\n\n\n\n\nTHE SINALOA COLONY.\n\n\nMankind would be one family or group of families, if the principles of\nJesus could be imparted to the human race. But the robber races that\noccupy this globe at present are intensely hostile in feeling to that\nlife of Christian love which is commanded in the books which they\nhonor with their lips.\n\nThe so-called civilized races of to-day are as intensely barbarian at\nheart, notwithstanding the superficial varnish of literary\ncivilization, as the hordes of Attila and Genghis Khan. Witness the\nattitude of Germany and France (the great exemplars of literary\ncivilization), each eagerly preparing for a deadly conflict.\n\nYet in all ages there have been those whom nature has qualified for a\nbetter life, who wish to live in harmony, and turn with weariness and\ndisgust from the present forms of avaricious strife, rivalry, and\nfraud. If the best of these could be gathered in one community, a\nbetter state of society could be organized.\n\nHorace Greeley sympathized with such movements, and about forty years\nago gave much space in the _Tribune_ to the illustration of this\nsubject. Although the co-operative principles of Fourier, then widely\ndiscussed, have not resulted in any great success in community life in\nthe United States, it can also be said that experiments have not shown\nthe doctrines of Fourier to be impracticable. The best thinkers have\nnot lost their faith, and the example of M. Godin at Guise in France,\nwith a population of 1,800 in the Social Palace enjoying the very\nUtopia of happy and prosperous co-operative life, is a splendid\ndemonstration of what is possible, and a standing rebuke to the\nchurches of civilized nations which have not even noticed this grand\ndemonstration of the possibilities of humanity.\n\nThe grandest and most hopeful co-operative scheme yet proposed is that\nof Mr. Albert K. Owen, entitled the \"Credit Foncier of Sinaloa,\" which\nhas been established at the harbor of Topolobampo, in the state of\nSinaloa, on the western coast of Mexico, where a large and liberal\ngrant has been obtained from the Mexican government for the Credit\nFoncier Company, chartered by the state of Colorado, Mr. Owen being\nchairman of the Board of Directors. Its headquarters were at rooms 7\nand 8, 32 Nassau Street, New York, and the members of the community\nare already gathered in considerable numbers at Topolobampo. The\nCredit Foncier of Jan. 11 reports over 4,800 persons enlisted for the\ncolony, and over sixteen thousand shares of stock sold.\n\nThis is not a unitary community, in which the individuality of the\nmembers is lost, but a co-operative corporation, owning its lands as a\nsociety, and abolishing at once the primary evils of land monopoly and\na false financial system. As stated by Mr. E. Howland, \"the community\nis responsible for the health, usefulness, individuality, and security\nof each member, and at the same time each will feel secure in his\nsocial and individual rights in the existence of the collective\nownership and management for public utilities and conveniences,\ninstead of the disorganized chaos in which to-day we live.\"\n\nA system of distribution will be adopted, doing away with the immense\ncost of trade as at present conducted. The laborer will be protected\nagainst misfortune by a system of insurance and a pension in old age.\nEmployment and opportunity will be provided for all, and education\nprovided for all children. It is upon this education that the\n_ultimate_ success of the society must depend, for it is impossible to\norganize a perfect society of those whose characters have been moulded\nby the present antagonistic condition of society. All grand ideals\nmust look to the future for their realization. That such realization\nmay occur in the Sinaloa colony is indicated by the following\nquotation from the exposition of the Credit Foncier by Mr. Howland.\n\n\"As we shall have to, at least during this generation depend upon the\ncolonization of persons who have been subject to the influences of\nsociety as it is, we would only say, that the new truths concerning\nmoral education contained in 'The New Education' by Mr. J. R.\nBuchanan, have been carefully examined by the writer of this, and its\nmost important lessons shall be applied in the organization of our\nschools; for the power of love can be unquestionably applied, not only\nas a cure for the evils produced inevitably by the system of\ncompetition, but also as a miraculous agent in aiding the progress of\nsociety to an inconceivably higher plane of human life.\"\n\nThe newspaper in exposition of the society entitled, \"The Credit\nFoncier of Sinaloa,\" published at $1 a year, at Hammonton, New Jersey,\nwill be issued hereafter at Topolobampo, Mexico. A report descriptive\nof the site of the colony and the surrounding country (price six\ncents) and a map of the colony's site (price ten cents) may be\nobtained by addressing the editor, E. Howland, at Topolobampo, Mexico.\n\nWhile the Journal is going through the press, the colonists are\ngathering in large numbers, and by our next issue we may have some\naccount of the commencement of this noble enterprise.\n\nIts founder, Mr. A. K. Owen, is a gentleman of great energy and\nenterprise, guided by noble principles, a skilful surveyor and\nengineer. About fourteen years ago he made extensive exploration in\nMexico, especially on its Pacific Coast, discovered and reported\nTopolobampo Bay, and introduced the scheme of the Norfolk &\nTopolobampo Railroad, which he urged upon the attention of Congress,\nwinning the approbation of committees, but finally defeated by the\ngreat railroad corporations. He took an active part in Mexican\naffairs, forming gigantic plans for the public welfare, by a syndicate\nat the head of which was Gen. Torbert, which were defeated by a\nshipwreck in which Gen. Torbert was lost, and himself narrowly escaped\ndeath. He then organized with the co-operation of Gen. Grant, Gen.\nButler, and other distinguished men, the \"Texas, Topolobampo & Pacific\nRailroad and Telegraph Company,\" and obtained a concession of 2,000\nmiles of railroad and a subsidy of $16,000,000. Hon. Wm. Windom was\npresident, and Mr. Owen chief engineer. In 1873 he located a hundred\nmiles of the road from Topolobampo eastwardly, and two years ago the\nconstruction commenced. Thus in the midst of a life of great activity\nand experience in engineering, finance, politics, reform, and travel,\nMr. Owen, as a practical and skilful manager of great undertakings,\ninspired by a strong democratic philanthropy, has laid the plan of a\nco-operative colony on the basis of liberal concessions from the\nMexican government, and opened a field in which his democratic ideas\nof human rights, of land, labor, finance, hygiene, freedom, and\ngeneral reform, can have full scope.\n\nMr. Owen's ideas and plans are stated in a book of two hundred pages,\npublished by Jno. W. Lovell, 14 Vesey Street, New York, and sent by\nmail for thirty cents. It is not a systematic treatise, but a\nmiscellaneous collection of documents which give a good deal of\ninformation.\n\nThe Topolobampo scheme is one requiring great skill and executive\nability in the directors, as well as a harmonious and energetic spirit\nin the colonists. The climate, soil, and opportunities are no doubt\nthe best that have ever been accorded to a scheme of co-operation, and\nwhen its success has been realized, it may be accounted the most\nimportant social event of the century, for it will be the dawn of\npeace to a warring world, the promise of harmony between all the\nrestless and convulsive elements of civilized society.\n\n\n\n\nHEALTH AND LONGEVITY.\n\n\nUpon these subjects the JOURNAL OF MAN has a new physiological\ndoctrine to present, which may be stated in the initial number, and\nwill be illustrated hereafter.\n\nIn the volume of \"Therapeutic Sarcognomy,\" which was so speedily and\nentirely sold upon its publication, it was clearly demonstrated that\nthe doctrine of vitality taught at this time in all medical colleges\nis essentially erroneous, and that human life is not a mere aggregate\nof the properties of the tissues of the human body, as a house is an\naggregate of the physical properties of bricks and wood, but is an\ninflux, of which the body is but the channel and recipient.\n\nThat demonstration need not be repeated just now, as my object is\nmerely to state the _position_ of the JOURNAL. Life is an influx from\nthe world of invisible power, aided by various forms of influx from\nthe material world, without which it would promptly cease. If this\nnaked statement should seem fanciful or erroneous to any reader, he\nmay be just to himself by suspending his opinions until he shall have\nreceived the demonstration. We have all been educated into false\nopinions on this subject, and it is almost as difficult for the\nAmerican scholar to release himself from the influence of education\nand habit in such matters, as for the Arab to release his mind from\nthe influence of the Koran.\n\nIt has been only within the last ten years, and as the sequel of\ninvestigations of the seat of life beginning in 1835, that I succeeded\nin ascertaining the absolute falsity of the doctrines on this subject\nmaintained by all scientific biologists at the present time, and\ndemonstrating that the human body is only a tenement, of which life is\nthe builder, and which drops into decay when life deserts it to meet\nits more congenial home in a nobler realm.\n\nIt is not therefore in the physical but in the spiritual constitution\nthat the real basis of his character, his health, and longevity is to\nbe found, for the primitive germ or protoplasm of man cannot be\ndistinguished from that of a quadruped or bird. It is the invisible\nand incalculable life element that contains the potentiality or\npossibility of existence as a quadruped or a man, as a virtuous or\nvicious, and as a long lived or short lived, being. The life element\nof the germ limits the destiny of the being. That life element is\ninvisible.\n\nThis truth, however, does not contradict the truth of development and\nthe capacity of science to estimate the probable health or longevity\nof an individual from his organization, for the life force organizes a\nbody in accordance with its own character; and the development of the\nentire person shows the character of the vital force as modified by\nthe environment of food, air, motives, and education. The brain, no\nless than the body,--indeed, more fully than the body,--shows the\nelements of the life and the tendency to health and longevity, or the\nreverse, upon which an expert cranioscopist can give an opinion.\n\nIn accordance with the doctrine of influx and in accordance with the\nfunctions of the brain we are compelled to recognize health and\nlongevity as more closely associated with the higher than the lower\nfaculties,--the moral rather than the animal nature. This is the\nreason that woman, with a feebler body but a stronger moral nature,\nranks higher in health and longevity than man; and although from four\nto sixteen per cent more males are born, women are generally in\npredominance, often from two to six per cent. The researches of the\nBureau of Statistics of Vienna show that about one third more women\nthan men reach an advanced age. De Verga asserts that of sudden deaths\nthere are about 100 women to 780 men. The inevitable inference is that\nthe cultivation of virtue or religion is the surest road to longevity,\nand the indulgence in vice and crime the most certain ruin to the body\nand soul.\n\nThere is a curious illustration of these principles in the evidence of\nlife insurance companies in reference to spirit drinking and\nabstinence. The oldest two life insurance companies of England, the\nGeneral Provident and the United Kingdom, have made records for\nforty-five years which distinguish the total abstainers and the\nmoderate drinkers. Drunkards they do not insure at all. The care with\nwhich lives are selected for insurance results in a smaller rate of\nmortality among the insured than in the entire population. This gain\nwas but slight among those classed as moderate drinkers, for their\nmortality was only three per cent less than the average mortality; but\namong the total abstainers it was thirty-one per cent less. Thus the\nproportion of deaths among moderate drinkers compared to that of total\nabstainers is as 97 to 69.\n\nThe temperance advocate would assume that this was owing entirely to\nthe deleterious effects of alcohol, and that is partially true; but\nthere is a deeper reason in the difference of the two classes of men.\nThe man in whom the appetites are well controlled by the higher\nenergies of his nature, and who has therefore no inclination to\ngluttony or drunkenness, has a better organization for health and\nlongevity than he in whom the appetites have greater relative power,\nand who seeks the stimulus of alcohol to relieve his nervous\ndepression. The inability or unwillingness to live without stimulation\nis a mark of weakness, which is an impairment of health; and this\nweakness predisposes to excessive and irregular indulgence, though it\nmay not go so far as intoxication.\n\nThe effects of marriage furnish a parallel illustration. It is\nwell-known that bachelors are more short lived than married men, but\nthis is not owing _entirely_ to the hygienic influence of marriage. It\nis partly owing to the inferiority of bachelors as a class. The men\nwho remain celibate are either too inferior personally to win the\nregard of women, or are generally deficient in the strong affections\nwhich seek a conjugal life, and the energies which make them fearless\nof its responsibilities and burdens. Evidently they have not as a\nclass the robust energies of the marrying men, and the urgent motives\nto compel them to regular industry and prudence. Everything which\nstimulates men to exercise the nobler qualities of their nature is\npromotive of health and longevity; and the _true_ religion which\nanthropology commends will increase human longevity in proportion as\nit prevails.\n\nIn future numbers the true basis and indications of longevity in man\nwill be fully illustrated.\n\nThe attainable limits of human longevity are generally underrated by\nthe medical profession and by popular opinion. Instead of the\nScriptural limit of threescore and ten I would estimate twice that\namount, or 140 years, as the ideal age of healthy longevity, when\nmankind shall have been bred and trained with the same wise energy\nthat has been expended on horses and cattle. Of the present scrub\nrace, a very large number ought never to have been born, and ought not\nto be allowed to transmit their physical and moral deficiencies to\nposterity.\n\nThe estimate of 140 years as a practicable longevity for a nobler\ngeneration is sustained by the number of that age (fourteen, if I\nrecollect rightly) found in Italy by a census under one of the later\nRoman emperors. But for the race now on the globe a more applicable\nestimate is that of the European scientist, that the normal longevity\nof an animal is five times its period of growth,--a rule which gives\nthe camel forty years, the horse twenty-five, the lion twenty, the dog\nten, the rabbit five. By this calculation man's twenty years of growth\nindicate 100. But growth is not limited to twenty, and if we extend\nthe period of maturing to twenty-eight, the same rule would give us\n140 as an age for the best specimens of humanity, which has been\nattained in rare cases, its general possibility in improved conditions\nbeing thus demonstrated.\n\nThere are many fine examples of longevity at this time. The famous\nFrench chemist Chevreul has just completed his hundredth year at\nParis, in the full vigor of his intellect.\n\nThe _Novosti_, a Russian journal, recently mentions the death in the\nalmshouse of St. Petersburg of a man aged 122 years, whose mental\nfaculties were preserved up to his death, and who had excellent health\nto the age of 118.\n\nWe have similar examples in the United States. Mrs. Celia Monroe, a\ncolored woman, who died a few weeks ago at Kansas City was believed to\nbe 125. She was going about a few days before her death.\n\nFarmer O'Leary of Elkton, Minnesota, is over 112. Noah Raby of\nPlainfield, New Jersey, is in his 115th year. He supports himself by\nhis work in the summer, and looks like a man of 80.\n\nOf very recent deaths we have: Amos Hunt of Barnesville, Georgia, who\ndied at 105, leaving twenty-three of his twenty-eight children. Mrs.\nRaymond of Wilton, Connecticut, was still living recently in her 106th\nyear. Ben Evans, part Indian, part negro, a great hunter of Wilkes\nCounty, Georgia, died at 107; baptized after he was 100. Mrs. Betsy L.\nMoody died on the 4th of July in Cape Elizabeth, Maine, aged 104. Wm.\nHenry Williams of Cincinnati, died a few months ago at 102. James\nFitzgerald of Prince Edwards Island, over a hundred years old, is\nstill able to work. Mrs. Lydia Van Ranst lately died on East 16th\nStreet, New York, aged 100 years and ten months; and Mrs. Johanna\nO'Sullivan in Boston in her 103d year. Mrs. Betsy Perkins of Rome, N.\nY., was apparently in excellent health when she died suddenly at the\nbreakfast table in her 101st year. Rev. Hugh Call died in Wayne\nCounty, Indiana, at 104. After his hundredth year he once fancied\ndeath was near, and sent for his family to see him die; but when they\narrived in midwinter, they found the old man busy cutting wood to make\na fire for his visitors.\n\nMany of these examples show that the faculties of both soul and body\nought to be maintained in good condition to the last, as fruit falls\nfrom the trees ripe and perfect. When we leave our earthly tenement,\nwe ought to leave it in a respectable condition, and not carry any\ninfirmities from it to the better world.\n\n\n\n\nREMARKABLE FASTING.\n\n\n\"Signor Merlatti, a young Italian, completed in December his fifty\ndays' fast, at the Grand Hotel, Paris, in time to enjoy the\nfestivities of the holidays. Unlike his rival, Succi, he partook of no\nmysterious elixir, but existed on water alone. At the conclusion of\nhis feat, he was so nearly dead that the surgeons were anticipating by\nway of dissection more light on the effects of privation from food. He\nwas barely able to move about without help. His stomach was unable to\nhold any solids, and at the big banquet over which he presided he\ncould not have had a very convivial time, as he was unable to take a\nmouthful of food. He has since gradually recovered. Succi, meanwhile,\nis engaged in another fast. He fences and takes any amount of\nexercise, to show that his mysterious liquid is what does it.\"\n\nThis is a little over the record of Dr. Tanner, but the result is very\ndifferent. Dr. Tanner came out in good condition, with a splendid and\nhealthy appetite. In the first twenty-four hours he ate something\nevery hour or two, indulging largely in watermelons, milk, apples,\nbeefsteak, potatoes, English ale, and Hungarian wine. He gained eight\nand a half pounds weight in thirty hours. Everybody was astonished,\nand the doctors were confounded; the crowd cheered, and the music\nresounded as the fast was finished and the feasting began in Clarendon\nHall, the doctor being in as good health and spirits as when he began,\nexcept as to physical strength.\n\nNow it is proper to mention what I believe has not before been\npublished, having been carefully concealed by Dr. Tanner. As he was\nencountering the whole force of a brutal prejudice in the medical\nprofession, and trickery and falsehood were used to defeat him by Dr.\nHammond and Dr. Landon C. Gray, (a shabby story indeed, if the whole\ntruth is ever told,) Dr. Tanner did not think it safe to elicit any\nadditional hostility by confessing his mediumship.\n\nThe whole performance was a _triumph of spiritual power_! Dr. Tanner\ncame to me in New York to aid him in giving a demonstration of his\nfasting power, which had been denied in an insolent and scurrilous\nmanner by Dr. Hammond and others. Dr. Hammond, with a great deal of\nduplicity and unfairness, evaded the test, and it was carried out with\nthe aid of other parties in a very satisfactory manner.\n\nThe organization of Dr. Tanner was not such as I would have selected\nfor a fasting performance, and he did not undertake it on his own\nresources alone. He was thoroughly a medium, and, when in my parlor,\nIndian spirits would take control of him, and carry him through a\nlively performance, speaking through his lips, and promising to\nsustain him through the fast; and they did. I have no doubt that with\na suitable organization, such as is more frequently found in India\nthan in America, a fast could be sustained by spirit power for six or\ntwelve months. Indeed, there are records of such fasts in the old\nmedical authors, which are omitted in all recent works. The spirit of\ndogmatic scepticism had carried the medical profession generally into\nsuch a depth of ignorance on these subjects that Dr. Landon C. Gray\ndeclared that a forty days' fast had never occurred, and that if Dr.\nTanner attempted it, it must be assumed \"that he will cheat at every\nturn.\"\n\nThe kind of sentiment cultivated by colleges in the medical profession\nwas shown by the deportment of the medical visitors. The report of the\nfast says:--\n\n\"The most curious episodes, probably, on the whole, were afforded by\nthe appearance of sceptics, and members of the medical profession from\nthe country. Many of the latter came long distances to satisfy their\nrespective curiosity, or vent their scepticism, as the case might be.\nAs a rule they were long-visaged, not a few were unkempt, and many\nwere downright seedy in wearing apparel. Almost invariably they\ninsisted upon boring the doctor with numberless questions, many of\nwhich were idle. The majority displayed ignorance, and it might\ntruthfully be said, they were rude almost without exception. One man\ninsisted upon feeling Dr. Tanner's arms and legs; another wanted to\nfeel his pulse; a third demanded a view of his tongue; a fourth\ndeclared food must be given to him surreptitiously, else he would be\ndead; a fifth wanted to search his pockets; the sixth asserted his\nprofessional reputation (_sic_) that there was fraud about the whole\nbusiness; the seventh had some patent surgical, or other appliance,\nwhich he wished to test upon the patient; and yet another wanted to\nanalyze even the water he used, before the faster drank it.\n\n\"The effect of these boors in their constant inroads upon a fasting\nman, whose surroundings and conditions were not of the best, to say\nthe least, may be easily imagined. When these fanatics were prevented\nby the watchers from extracting what little of life was left in the\nobject of their devotions, their indignation took various forms of\nexpression. As a rule they denounced the whole thing as a humbug, and\nevery one participating as frauds. Now and then it became positively\nnecessary, in common decency and self-respect, to show these\ncharlatans the way to the door, notwithstanding their protests that\nthey had paid twenty-five cents for the purpose of ventilating their\nempty heads. As a general thing, by Dr. Tanner's direction, the\nadmission fee was returned to these people. Even on the thirty-ninth\nday, when the doctor desired all the quiet he could obtain, one of\nthese gentry, who said he was a physician from Long Island, talked so\nloudly that he had to be called to order, and then nothing daunted, he\nasked the faster to go in his enfeebled condition to the south\ngallery, where his writing materials were, to prepare an autograph for\nthe applicant. The _Herald_ reporter on watch at the time, through\nwhom the request was made for the autograph, gave the fellow a settler\nby remarking, that he, as a layman, thought the first rudiments taught\nin the medical profession, were those of feelings of humanity.\n\n\"Then the wits had their time of it. They showered in caricatures and\ndoggerel by the barrel. None enjoyed these more than the doctor\nhimself. By his direction the funniest of the cartoons were pasted\nagainst the wall of the gallery in which the doctor slept and the\nwatchers sat. Above the whole was the legend in German text, 'Tanner\nArt Gallery,' and during the closing days and hours of the fast it was\na source of much attraction and a great deal of merriment to the\nthousands of visitors who sought the place.\"\n\nBefore the fasting began I witnessed an amusing specimen of the\nmedical scepticism. One of the medical visitors inspected the hall\nclosely, and finding in the back part that a piece of nearly worn out\ncarpet remained on the floor, proceeded to rip it up and tear it away,\nas if he suspected there might be a trap door concealed.\n\nMedical education has been miserably cramped and benighted by the\ntotal ignoring of the nobler element of the human constitution.\n\n\n\n\nCEREBRAL PSYCHOLOGY.\n\n\nThe comprehensive system of science developed by experiment on the\nbrain, perfected by psychometric exploration, demonstrated by\npathognomy, corroborated by personal experiences and the sensations of\nthe head, enforced and illustrated by the study of comparative\ndevelopment throughout the animal kingdom, based upon anatomy,\nillustrated by pathology, and proven by every examination of a living\nhead, as well as every scientific experiment upon the brain in\nsensitive and intelligent persons, has now been for forty years in the\nhot crucible of experimental physiological investigation by\nvivisection, ablation, autopsy, and electricity, and still remains as\nthe solid gold of eternal science.\n\nThe labors of Ferrier, Fritsch, Hitzig, Schiff, Bastian, Charcot, and\nothers, have added many valuable facts; but no new fact can contradict\na fact previously well observed, and nothing has occurred to dethrone\nthe founder of cerebral science, Dr. Gall, who ranks immeasurably\nbeyond all his contemporaries, and who prepared the way for the full\ndevelopment of Cerebral Psychology, resulting from the discovery of\nthe _impressibility of the brain_, which has opened the entire realm\nof _cerebral psychology_, and through that has given us access to\nevery realm of wisdom.\n\nThe long expected and long promised work upon this subject cannot be\npublished now, for it requires an amount of elaborate research and\ncriticism to bring the new discoveries _en rapport_ with the\ninvestigations of more than a hundred physiologists and anatomists,\nwhose labors should not be overlooked in a complete or systematic work\nuniting anatomy to psychology.\n\nUnder these circumstances it is necessary and practicable, since my\n\"System of Anthropology\" has been entirely out of the market for\nthirty years, to present a concise exposition of cerebral psychology\nand physiology, to satisfy those who perceive the inadequacy of the\nGallian system, and who are aware that my discoveries have thoroughly\nrevolutionized as well as enlarged cerebral science, rendering the old\nterm phrenology inadequate to express its present status.\n\nI propose therefore to publish in the successive numbers of this\nJournal a concise \"Synopsis of Cerebral Science,\" giving as concisely\nas possible the outlines of that vast theme, in so clear and practical\na manner that each reader can test its truth in nature by examining\ncharacter, correcting the errors of phrenology, demonstrating the\nscience by his own experiments, and applying its principles in the\ntreatment of disease, in experimental investigation, in education,\nself-culture, and elocution. This may satisfy the urgent present\ndemand, until time shall permit a satisfactory work, containing the\nillustrations and proofs, the important modern discoveries in cerebral\nanatomy and vivisecting experiments, as well as the vast and\ninteresting philosophy into which we are led by cerebral science. The\nMarch number will contain the first instalment, and its publication\nwill be continued through the volume.\n\n\n\n\nMUSIC.\n\n\nThe claims of music were never so thoroughly presented as in the \"New\nEducation,\" in which it was shown that music was the most effective of\nall agents for the cultivation of man's higher nature, and the\nelevation of the world from its purgatory of selfishness, poverty, and\ncrime. This idea was most fully realized by MRS. ELIZABETH THOMPSON,\nwho has spent a considerable amount in promoting the currency and use\nof music, especially of a religious character.\n\nThe idea that music should exercise a world redeeming power, and\npromote all social advancement, must appear strange, when first\nmentioned to those who are familiar only with fashionable operatic\nperformances and the heartless style of vocal and instrumental music\nin vogue at the centres of musical education, which is robbed as\nthoroughly as possible of all ethical life, all soul inspiring power.\n\nThere is music, however, which sways our noblest emotions, which can\nbring smiles to the face or tears to the eyes, hope to the dejected or\ncourage to the timid,--which can rouse the strongest impulses of love\nand duty. The musical reformer who shall change the tide of popular\nmusic from its present low channels to that higher sphere of sweet and\nnoble sentiments, will be far more than a Wagner,--aye, more than a\nLuther.\n\nDr. Talcott, Superintendent of the Middleton, N. Y., State Asylum of\nthe Insane, has introduced music into all of the wards of his\ninstitution with excellent results, judging from his last annual\nreport, from which the following is extracted. \"It is said, that\nbefore Moses dwelt upon the banks of the Nile, the Egyptians erected\ntemples and altars for the treatment of the insane; and, among the\nmost notable measures for the accomplishment of the cure of lunatics,\nmusic took an exalted rank. There can be no doubt that music exercises\na potent influence in producing calm and restfulness in minds which\nare disturbed by cerebral diseases. Musical instruments have been\nprovided in nearly every ward, and the results have been most\nfavorable. Even turbulent patients will subside when the pleasures of\nmusic are afforded to them. One of the most effective attendants we\never had upon our disturbed wards was a good musician. After his work\nwas done, he would sit down among his patients, and play upon the\nviolin. Immediately the most excited persons in the ward would group\nthemselves about him, and listen with profound attention so long as he\ncontinued to play for them. Where good music can be provided for the\nturbulent insane, there exists but little necessity for restraint of a\nphysical nature.\"\n\n\n\n\nINSANITY.\n\n\nThe tendency of modern civilization is toward insanity. It is\nincreasing throughout Christendom, and far more where the boasted\ninfluences of modern education and the so-called progress are most\nfully realized. The whole fabric of education and society is unsound,\nand this is proved by the results.\n\nA true civilization advancing in wisdom must develop the ability to\ncorrect its own evils, but the civilization that we have is drifting\non, downward and helpless.\n\nThe philosophy of insanity and the philosophy of its remedial\ntreatment can be found only in the profound study of the brain, and\nits relations to the soul and body. But there is not a glimmer of the\npsychic science of the brain to-day in our colleges. In due time, this\ntheme shall be discussed in the Journal.\n\nA proper understanding of this subject will show what method of life\nand thought tends toward insanity, and by what methods we escape it.\nIt will show also the relation of disease to insanity, and the proper\nmethods of moral and physical treatment.\n\n\n\n\nMISCELLANY.\n\n\nOUR NARROW LIMITS AND FUTURE TASKS.--As the Journal goes to press I\nrealize vividly how utterly inadequate a dollar monthly is for the\nexpression of the new philosophy, even in the most condensed form, and\nfor the periscope of progress that it should contain. A large amount\nof desirable matter is necessarily excluded. Nevertheless a modest\nbeginning is prudent; for the vitality of a young journal, whether\ndaily, weekly, or monthly, is as delicate as that of an infant. It is\nto be hoped that the friends of progress will secure patronage enough\nto the Journal this year to justify its enlargement in 1888. Meantime\nthe minister whose circuit embraces many stations cannot visit them\nall each week. In like manner the JOURNAL OF MAN has too large a\ncircuit to approach each of its themes every month. The science of man\nbeing the highest and most comprehensive of themes, occupies the chief\nposition in the first number. Hereafter we must consider in succession\nsuch themes as\n\n  1. PSYCHOMETRY and its revelations; SPIRITUAL science and philosophy.\n  2. MEDICAL progress and reform; HYGIENE and temperance.\n  3. EDUCATIONAL principles and progress; PROGRESS in science and\n         invention.\n  4. The truth in RELIGION; the prevention of WAR.\n  5. LAND AND LABOR questions; the extinction of MONOPOLIES.\n  6. WOMAN'S rights and progress; the condition of the WORLD.\n\nAnd a score of other important themes. It may be two years before they\ncan all be reached. Those who preserve their Journals will in time\nhave a small library, embodying the knowledge that progressive minds\nwould cherish.\n\n\nPALMISTRY.--Mr. E. Heron-Allen, a very intelligent gentleman from\nEngland, with a fashionable prestige, has been interesting the\nfashionables of New York and Boston in palmistry, or, as he calls it,\ncheirosophy, with considerable profit to himself. The human\nconstitution is so unitary in itself that every portion reveals much\nof the whole. Physicians learn a great deal from the globules of the\nblood, others draw many inferences from the excretions. The amount of\nstudy given to the hand renders it probable that palmistry may have\nconsiderable value as a physiognomic science. As it comes now in a\nfashionable style it may flourish, but of course it was only a vulgar\nimposture when practiced by gypsies. Circumstances alter cases.\n\n\nSUICIDE.--Eight months of the present year show 150 suicides in the\nGerman army. Suicides will be greatly diminished when nations disband\ntheir armies.\n\n\nTHEOSOPHIST REVIEWS.--The _Theosophist_, published at Madras, India,\nmay be considered the leading organ of Oriental Theosophy; the _Path_,\npublished at New York, bids fair as the American representative of the\nTheosophic School; and Lady Caithness, Duchesse de Pomar, has started\nat Paris a review devoted to theosophy and occult science.\n\n\nAPPARITIONS OF THE DEAD.--Prof. Barrett of the English Psychical\nResearch Society, states that: \"It has been demonstrated almost as\ncertainly as has been the law of gravitation, that scores of cases\nhave occurred where some persons in one town, have, at a certain hour\nor minute, seen the figure of a friend flit across the room, and have\nafterwards discovered that at that very hour and minute the friend\nbreathed his last in a distant town, or, may be, in a foreign country.\nNow these cases are inexplicable by any formula of science, yet that\nthey have happened is scientifically proved.\"\n\nNotwithstanding the good intentions of some of the members of that\nsociety, its general conduct has been so unfair in its investigations\nthat Stainton Moses, the vice-president, has felt it to be his duty to\nresign and withdraw. The truth is, the pioneers in philosophy can\nexpect no cordial co-operation and no real justice from their oldtime\nopponents. The American Psychic Research Society is far behind the\nEnglish.\n\n\nHUMAN RESPONSIBILITY.--A girl was taken before the Paris tribunal\ncharged with stealing a blanket. She pleaded that she was under the\ninfluence of another person and could not help herself. In prison it\nwas found that she was in a hypnotized condition, and acted readily\nunder the commands of others, doing anything that was told her. She\nwas examined by a commission of Chacrot, Brouardel, and Mollett, who\nreported that this condition came from the use of morphia, suffering,\nand hunger; that these suggestions from others, acting on an unstable\nnervous organism, greatly deranged by morphia and other causes,\nrendered her irresponsible for her acts. She was acquitted.\n\n\nHUMAN TAILS.--M. Eliseff presented to the French Anthropological\nSociety a woman with a caudal appendage covered with hair. This\nanomaly was present in several of the maternal ancestors of the woman.\n\n\nMEN WHO LIVE IN TREES.--Dr. Louis Wolf, who made the sensational\ndiscovery a while ago that the Sankuru River afforded a more direct\nand more easily navigated route to Central Africa than the Congo, made\nanother discovery in the course of the same journey which was quite as\nremarkable if not so important. On the banks of the Lomami River, far\ntoward the centre of the continent, he says he found whole villages\nthat were built in the trees. The natives, partly to protect\nthemselves from the river when in flood, and partly to make it more\ndifficult for their enemies to surprise them, build their huts on the\nlimbs of the trees where the thick foliage almost completely hides the\nstructures from view. The inmates possess almost the agility of\nmonkeys, and they climb up or descend from their little houses with\nastonishing ease. It is believed they are the only Africans yet known\nwho live in trees.\n\nIn Borneo some of the natives are said to live in trees, and Mr.\nChalmers, in his book on New Guinea, tells of a number of tree houses\nthat he visited on that island. These huts, which are built near the\ntops of very high trees, are used for look-out purposes, or as a place\nof refuge for women and children in case of attack. They are perfect\nlittle huts with sloping roofs and platforms in front, to which\nextends the long ladder, by means of which the natives reach the huts.\nMr. Gill describes one of these houses which was used as a residence.\nHe says it was well built, but that it rocked uncomfortably in the\nwind.\n\n\nPROTYLE. The address of Professor William Crookes before the British\nAssociation, upon the \"Genesis of the Elements,\" is one of the most\nimportant contributions to chemical philosophy that has been published\nfor a long time. Reasoning from the recently discovered law of\nperiodicity among the elements, he discusses the possibility of their\nbeing formed from the cooling of one primitive form of matter, which\nhe calls _protyle_. While he admits that we have no direct evidence\nthat the elements are different manifestations of the same form of\nmatter, yet he thinks that the observed phenomena of chemistry and\nphysics point very strongly to such a conclusion, and agrees with\nFaraday, that, \"to decompose the metals, then to reform them, to\nchange them from one to another, and to realize the once absurd notion\nof transmutation, are the problems now given to the chemist for\nsolution.\" We consider Professor Crookes to be one of the most eminent\nscientists now living, and any views he may advance are entitled to\nserious consideration.--_Popular Science News._\n\n\nTHE KEELEY MOTOR, at Philadelphia, which has long been regarded as a\nvisionary or deceptive enterprise, is coming out now with the\nendorsement of engineers who have witnessed its operation and say that\nit develops a new power which cannot be accounted for by any of the\nknown laws of dynamics. It may, however, be a long time before the\nproper machinery can be invented and constructed for bringing this\npower into use.\n\n\n\n\nHUMAN ANOMALIES, MOUNG PHOSET, MAHPHOON, AND THE GIANT WINKELMEIER.\n\n    [Illustration: MOUNG PHOSET.]    [Illustration: MAHPHOON.]\n\n\nEvery departure from the stereotyped plan of humanity is an\ninteresting proof of the vast capacities of nature, and therefore a\nprophecy of possible variation and grander development for the coming\ngenerations; hence the hairy family--Moung Phoset, his mother,\nMahphoon, and the giant Winkelmeier--are deeply interesting to the\nanthropologist.\n\nWINKELMEIER, according to the _London Standard_, is now in London at\nthe Pavilion, standing _eight feet, nine inches high_, a foot higher\nthan Chang, the Chinese giant, and evidently the tallest man living.\nHe was born in 1865, in Upper Austria. Neither his four brothers,\nparents, nor grandparents, are unusually tall. He is healthy, strong,\nand intelligent, and is expected to continue growing.\n\nMOUNG PHOSET, and his old mother, MAHPHOON, whose pictures are here\ngiven, are now in London on exhibition. They were the hairy family of\nKing Theebaw of Burmah, and when Theebaw was captured by the British\narmy, they escaped to the jungle, where they were robbed by Dacoits,\nbut were recovered by Captain Piperno, and brought to England. Moung\nPhoset, like his mother, has his face and entire body covered by long,\nfine hair, from five to twelve inches long, which even fills the ears,\nand on the forehead is so long that it has to be drawn back over the\nears to uncover the eyes. He is an intelligent and well-behaved man,\nand has a fair Burmese education. His wife, however, is a common\nBurmese woman. Moung Phoset, having no children, is the last of a\nhairy species, which it is said, originated in his great grandfather,\nwho was caught wild in the forest between Upper Burmah and Siam.\n\nHairy irregularities, according to Darwin, are associated with\nirregularities of the teeth. In Moung Phoset the molar teeth are\ndeficient.\n\n\n\n\nBUSINESS DEPARTMENT.\n\n\nThe BUSINESS DEPARTMENT of the Journal deserves the attention of all\nits readers, as it will be devoted to matters of general interest and\nreal value. The treatment of the opium habit by Dr. Hoffman is\noriginal and successful. Dr. Hoffman is one of the most gifted members\nof the medical profession. The electric apparatus of D. H. Fitch is\nthat which I have found the most useful and satisfactory in my own\npractice. Bovinine I regard as occupying the first rank among the food\nremedies which are now so extensively used. The old drug house of B.\nO. & G. C. Wilson needs no commendation; it is the house upon which I\nchiefly rely for good medicines, and does a very large business with\nskill and fidelity. The _American Spectator_, edited by Dr. B. O.\nFlower, is conducted with ability and good taste, making an\ninteresting family paper, containing valuable hygienic and medical\ninstruction, at a remarkably low price. It is destined to have a very\nextensive circulation. I have written several essays in commendation\nof the treatment of disease by oxygen gas, and its three compounds,\nnitrous oxide, per-oxide and ozone. What is needed for its general\nintroduction is a convenient portable apparatus. This is now furnished\nby Dr. B. M. Lawrence, at Hartford, Connecticut. A line addressed to\nhim will procure the necessary information in his pamphlet on that\nsubject. He can be consulted free of charge.\n\nThe spiritual newspapers, The Banner, The Religio-Philosophical\nJournal, Light for Thinkers, Golden Gate, Carrier Dove, and World's\nAdvance Thought, embody a large amount of the leading truths of the\nage. He who does not read one of them robs himself of instruction and\npleasure. Facts is just what its name indicates, a concise collection\nof interesting spiritual facts. Hall's Journal of Health has an\nestablished reputation, and of late is better conducted than ever.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nCollege of Therapeutics.\n\nThe large amount of scientific and therapeutic knowledge developed by\nrecent discoveries, but not yet admitted into the slow-moving medical\ncolleges, renders it important to all young men of liberal minds--to\nall who aim at the highest rank in their profession--to all who are\nstrictly conscientious and faithful in the discharge of their duties\nto patients under their care, to have an institution in which their\neducation can be completed by a preliminary or a post-graduate course\nof instruction.\n\nThe amount of practically useful knowledge of the healing art which is\nabsolutely excluded from the curriculum of old style medical colleges\nis greater than all they teach--not greater than the adjunct sciences\nand learning of a medical course which burden the mind to the\nexclusion of much useful therapeutic knowledge, but greater than all\nthe curative resources embodied in their instruction.\n\nThe most important of these therapeutic resources which have sometimes\nbeen partially applied by untrained persons are now presented in the\nCollege of Therapeutics, in which is taught not the knowledge which is\nnow represented by the degree of M. D., but a more profound knowledge\nwhich gives its pupils immense advantages over the common graduate in\nmedicine.\n\nTherapeutic Sarcognomy, a science often demonstrated and endorsed by\nable physicians, gives the anatomy not of the physical structure, but\nof the vital forces of the body and soul as located in every portion\nof the constitution--a science vastly more important than physical\nanatomy, as the anatomy of life is more important than the anatomy of\ndeath. Sarcognomy is the true basis of medical practice, while anatomy\nis the basis only of operative surgery and obstetrics.\n\nIndeed, every magnetic or electric practitioner ought to attend such a\ncourse of instruction to become entirely skilful in the correct\ntreatment of disease.\n\nIn addition to the above instruction, special attention will be given\nto the science and art of Psychometry--the most important addition in\nmodern times to the practice of medicine, as it gives the physician\nthe most perfect diagnosis of disease that is attainable, and the\npower of extending his practice successfully to patients at any\ndistance. The methods of treatment used by spiritual mediums and \"mind\ncure\" practitioners will also be philosophically explained.\n\nThe course of instruction will begin on Monday, the 2d of May, and\ncontinue six weeks. The fee for attendance on the course will be $25.\nTo students who have attended heretofore the fee will be $15. For\nfurther information address the president,\n\n        JOSEPH RODES BUCHANAN, M. D.\n                6 JAMES ST., BOSTON.\n\nThe sentiments of those who have attended these courses of instruction\nduring the last eight years were concisely expressed in the following\nstatement, which was unanimously signed and presented to Dr. Buchanan\nby those attending his last course in Boston.\n\n\"The undersigned, attendant, upon the seventh session of the College\nof Therapeutics, have been delighted with the profound and wonderful\ninstructions received, and as it is the duty of all who become\nacquainted with new truths of great importance to the world, to assist\nin their diffusion, we offer our free and grateful testimony in the\nfollowing resolutions:\n\n\"_Resolved_, That the lectures and experiments of Prof. Buchanan have\nnot only clearly taught, but absolutely demonstrated, the science of\nSarcognomy, by experiments in which we were personally engaged, and in\nwhich we cannot possibly have been mistaken.\n\n\"_Resolved_, That we regard Sarcognomy as the most important addition\never made to physiological science by any individual, and as the basis\nof the only possible scientific system of Electro-Therapeutics, the\nsystem which we have seen demonstrated in all its details by Prof.\nBuchanan, producing results which we could not have believed without\nwitnessing the demonstration.\n\n\"_Resolved_, That Therapeutic Sarcognomy is a system of science of the\nhighest importance, alike to the magnetic healer, to the\nelectro-therapeutist, and to the medical practitioner,--giving great\nadvantages to those who thoroughly understand it, and destined to\ncarry the fame of its discoverer to the remotest future ages.\"\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n            The \"Chlorine\" Galvanic and Faradic Batteries.\n\n                       APPARATUS AND MATERIALS.\n\n  Description, Prices, and Testimonials Mailed Free, on Application.\n\n\n                     6 JAMES ST., BOSTON, MASS., February 8, 1886.\n\nD. H. FITCH, Cazenovia, N. Y.:\n\nDEAR SIR: Your last letter has a valuable suggestion. Your\nCarbon Electrodes ARE the very best now in use, and Metallic\nElectrodes are objectionable from the metallic influence they impart,\neven if no metal can be chemically traced into the patient.\n\n                                             J. R. BUCHANAN, M. D.\n\n\n                                      AURORA, ILL., Dec. 24, 1886.\n\nD. H. FITCH, Cazenovia, N. Y.:\n\nI am very glad to inform you that the battery which I purchased from\nyou seven months ago is better than you represented it, and works as\nwell to-day as it did on the first day.\n\nThe cells have not been looked at since they were first placed in the\ncabinet. The battery is always ready and has never disappointed me.\n\n                                           Resp'y yours,\n                                                H. G. GABEL, M. D.\n\n\n                                  WORCESTER, MASS., Aug. 10, 1886.\n\nD. H. FITCH, Cazenovia, N. Y.:\n\nDEAR SIR: Over a year ago, as you will remember, I bought of\nyou one of your \"Chlorine Batteries\" of twenty-five cells. This I\nplaced in the cellar and connected with my office table for use there.\nIt has been in almost daily use since without ever having to do the\nfirst thing to it, not even refilling, and now, after a year's\nservice, I cannot see but that it runs just as well as it did the\nfirst day I used it, and the battery is just as clean as when put in,\nnor the least particle of corroding. This is a better record than any\nother battery can furnish with which I am acquainted. I can only say I\nam more than pleased with it, as every man must be who knows anything\nabout electricity and has occasion to use a battery for medicinal\npurposes.\n\n                                               J. K. WARREN, M. D.\n\n\n                                WHITESTOWN, N. Y., April 15, 1886.\n\nD. H. FITCH, ESQ.:\n\nDEAR SIR: The \"Chlorine Battery\" is simply admirable, complete, just\nthe thing.\n\n                                                SMITH BAKER, M. D.\n                                President Oneida Co. Med. Society.\n\n\n                                       TYLER, TEX., Feb. 11, 1886.\n\nD. H. FITCH, ESQ., Cazenovia, N. Y.:\n\nI am so well pleased with your \"Chlorine Faradic Machine\" that I now\nuse it in preference to any other. The current is so smooth and\nregular that patients like it and seem to derive more benefit from it\nthan from the same strength of current from any other battery that I\nhave used. I would not be without it for many times its cost.\n\n                                              S. F. STARLEY, M. D.\n\n\n                             D. H. FITCH,\n\n                P.O. Box 75.         Cazenovia, N. Y.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n                    Religio-Philosophical Journal.\n\n                          ESTABLISHED 1865.\n\n                         PUBLISHED WEEKLY AT\n\n                     92 La Salle Street, Chicago,\n\n                          BY JOHN C. BUNDY,\n\nTERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION IN ADVANCE:\n\nOne copy, one year   $2.50\n\nSingle copies, 5 cents. Specimen copy free.\n\nAll letters and communications should be addressed, and all\nremittances made payable to\n\n                     JOHN C. BUNDY, Chicago, Ill.\n\nA Paper for all who Sincerely and Intelligently Seek Truth without\nregard to Sect or Party.\n\nPress, Pulpit, and People Proclaim its Merits.\n\n_Concurrent Commendations from Widely Opposite Sources._\n\nIs the ablest Spiritualist paper in America.... Mr. Bundy has earned\nthe respect of all lovers of the truth, by his sincerity and\ncourage.--_Boston Evening Transcript._\n\nI have a most thorough respect for the JOURNAL, and believe its editor\nand proprietor is disposed to treat the whole subject of spiritualism\nfairly.--_Rev. M. J. Savage (Unitarian) Boston._\n\nI wish you the fullest success in your courageous course.--_R. Heber\nNewton, D. D._\n\nYour course has made spiritualism respected by the secular\npress as it never has been before, and compelled an honorable\nrecognition.--_Hudson Tuttle, Author and Lecturer._\n\nI read your paper every week with great interest.--_H. W. Thomas, D. D.,\nChicago._\n\nI congratulate you on the management of the paper.... I indorse your\nposition as to the investigation of the phenomena.--_Samuel Watson, D. D.,\nMemphis, Tenn._\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n                                THE\n\n                       WORLD'S ADVANCE THOUGHT,\n\n                    A SPIRITED MONTHLY NEWSPAPER,\n\n                          (28 x 42 inches,)\n\n                              DEVOTED TO\n\n                      Advanced Spiritual Ideas,\n\n         Is published at Salem, Oregon, at One Dollar a year.\n\nRemit by mail through a post-office order, or a draft on a bank or\nbanking house in Salem. Send bank notes in registered letters only.\nAddress\n\n                        Progressive Publishing Company,\n                                                    SALEM, OREGON.\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n                         LIGHT FOR THINKERS.\n\n             THE PIONEER SPIRITUAL JOURNAL OF THE SOUTH.\n\n                 Issued Weekly at Chattanooga, Tenn.\n\n                A. C. LADD           Publisher.\n                G. W. 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Specimen copy free.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n                                FACTS,\n\n                         A MONTHLY MAGAZINE,\n\n                              DEVOTED TO\n\n                   Mental and Spiritual Phenomena,\n\n\n                              INCLUDING\n\n            Dreams, Mesmerism, Psychometry, Clairvoyance,\n           Clairaudience, Inspiration, Trance, and Physical\n                Mediumship; Prayer, Mind, and Magnetic\n                Healing; and all classes of Psychical\n                               Effects.\n\n               Single Copies, 10 Cents; $1.00 per year.\n\n                             PUBLISHED BY\n\n                      Facts Publishing Company,\n\n                     (Drawer 5323,) BOSTON, MASS.\n\n                      _L. L. WHITLOCK, Editor._\n\n\n             For Sale by COLBY & RICH, 9 Bosworth Street.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n                      HALL'S JOURNAL OF HEALTH,\n\n                          ESTABLISHED 1854.\n\n           _Published Monthly,         206 Broadway, N. Y._\n                         At $1.00 Per Annum.\n\nThe next issue of this publication will complete its 33d volume. It is\nthe CHEAPEST Family Health Periodical ever published, and well merits\nthe liberal patronage it enjoys. To every present subscriber who will\nsend us an additional one for the next volume we will remit a handsome\npremium.\n\n                               CAUTION.\n\nA paper called \"Hall's Health Journal\" is endeavoring to ride into\npopularity on the strength of our good name. Let not our patrons be\ndeceived by it.\n\n                        HALL'S JOURNAL OF HEALTH,\n                                      206 Broadway, New York City.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n                          THE CARRIER DOVE,\n\n             An Illustrated Monthly Magazine, devoted to\n\n                       Spritualism and Reform.\n\n           Mrs. J. 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DAY         ASSISTANT EDITOR.\n\n              _Aided by a large corps of able writers._\n\nTHE BANNER is a first-class Family Newspaper of EIGHT\nPAGES--containing FORTY COLUMNS OF INTERESTING AND INSTRUCTIVE\nREADING--embracing\n\n  A LITERARY DEPARTMENT.\n  REPORTS OF SPIRITUAL LECTURES.\n  ORIGINAL ESSAYS--Upon Spiritual, Philosophical and Scientific Subjects.\n  EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT.\n  SPIRIT-MESSAGE DEPARTMENT, and\n  CONTRIBUTIONS by the most talented writers in the world, etc., etc.\n\n                  TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, IN ADVANCE:\n\n                     Per Year             $3.00\n                     Six Months            1.50\n                     Three Months           .75\n\n                            Postage Free.\n\nIn remitting by mail, a post-office money order on Boston, or a draft\non a bank or banking house in Boston or New York City, payable to the\norder of COLBY & RICH, is preferable to bank notes. _Our patrons can\nremit us the fractional part of a dollar in postage stamps--ones and\ntwos preferred._\n\nADVERTISEMENTS published at twenty cents per line for the first, and\nfifteen cents per line for each subsequent insertion.\n\nSubscriptions discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for.\n\n[Hand Pointing Right] _Specimen copies sent free._\n\n\n                            COLBY & RICH\n\nPublish and keep for sale at Wholesale and Retail a complete\nassortment of\n\n                 Spiritual, Progressive, Reformatory,\n                       and Miscellaneous Books.\n\nAny book published in England or America, not out of print, will be\nsent by mail or express.\n\n[Hand Pointing Right] Catalogues of books published and for sale by\nColby & Rich, sent free.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n                         OPIUM and MORPHINE\n                                  HABITS\n                               EASILY CURED BY\n                                A NEW METHOD.\n\n                          DR. J. C. HOFFMAN,\n\n                      _JEFFERSON ... WISCONSIN._\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n                          OXYGEN TREATMENT.\n\n                         LOCAL AGENTS WANTED.\n\n                          For terms, address\n\n                 DR. B. M. LAWRENCE, Hartford, Conn.","title":"Buchanan's Journal of Man, February 1887: Volume 1, Number 1","tradition":"philosophy-ethics","translated_text":null,"word_count":22875}