{"collection":"myth-cosmogony","full_text_available":true,"graph_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/v2/api/page/gutenberg_23402/graph","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/v2/page/gutenberg_23402","id":"gutenberg_23402","license":"Public Domain (US)","rights_basis":"gutenberg_metadata_copyright_false","source":"gutenberg","source_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/23402","summary":null,"tags":["Category: History - British","Category: Journals","Category: Mythology, Legends & Folklore","Notes and Queries","Questions and answers -- Periodicals"],"text":"Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins\nand the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at\nhttp://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images\ngenerously made available by The Internet Library of Early\nJournals.)\n\n\n\n\n\n{257} NOTES AND QUERIES:\n\nA MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES,\nGENEALOGISTS, ETC.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\"When found, make a note of.\"--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nNo. 75.]\nSATURDAY, APRIL 5. 1851.\n[Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4d.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nCONTENTS.\n\n  NOTES:--                                                   Page\n\n  Two Chancellors, by Edward Foss                        257\n\n  Illustrations of Chaucer, No. III.                     258\n\n  Folk Lore:--Cure of Hooping Cough--Charms from\n  Devonshire--Lent Lilies--Oak Webs, &c.                 258\n\n  The Threnodia Carolina of Sir Thomas Herbert, by\n  Bolton Corney                                          259\n\n  Minor Notes:--Shakspeare's Venus and Adonis--Moorfields\n  in Charles II.'s Time--Derivation of Yankee--A\n  Word to Literary Men                                   260\n\n  QUERIES:\n\n  Poems of John Seguard of Norwich, by Sir F. Madden     261\n\n  Epitaph on the Countess of Pembroke                    262\n\n  Minor Queries:--The Vellum-bound Junius--What is\n  a Tye?--\"Marriage is such a Rabble Rout\"--Arms\n  of Robert Nelson--Knebsend or Nebsend, co. York\n  --Moore's Almanack--Archbishop Loftus--Matrix\n  of Monastic Seal--Syriac Scriptures and Lexicon--\n  Villiers Duke of Buckingham--Porci solidi-pedes--\n  The Heywood Family--Was Charles II. ever in\n  Wales?--Dog's Head in the Pot--\"Poor Alinda's\n  growing old\"                                           262\n\n  MINOR QUERIES ANSWERED:--Who was the Author of\n  \"The Modest Enquiry, &c.\"?--William Penn's Family\n  --Deal, Dover, and Harwich--Author of Broad\n  Stone of Honour--Pope Joan--The Well o' the\n  World's End--Sides and Angles--Meaning of Ratche\n  --\"Feast of Reason,\" &c.--Tu autem                     264\n\n  REPLIES:--\n\n  Barons of Hugh Lupus                                   266\n\n  Edmund Prideaux and the First Post-office              266\n\n  Lady Jane of Westmoreland                              268\n\n  Replies to Minor Queries:--Ulm Manuscript--Father\n  Maximilian Hell--Meaning of \"strained\" as used by\n  Shakspeare--Headings of Chapters in English Bibles     269\n\n  MISCELLANEOUS:--\n\n  Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c.                 269\n\n  Books and Odd Volumes wanted                           270\n\n  Notices to Correspondents                              270\n\n  Advertisements                                         271\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nNotes.\n\nTWO CHANCELLORS.\n\nAlthough neither your readers nor I are politicians enough to interfere in\nthe changes proposed with reference to the office of Lord Chancellor, I\ndoubt not that some of them, now the subject is on the _tapis_, may feel\ninterested in a fact connected with it, which our ancient records disclose:\nnamely, that on one occasion there were _two chancellors_ acting at the\nsame time for several months together, and both regularly appointed by the\nking.\n\nIt is an unique instance, occurring in the reign of Edward IV.: the two\nchancellors being Thomas Rotheram, Bishop of Lincoln, and John Alcock,\nBishop of Rochester. The former received the Great Seal in May, 1474, in\nthe fourteenth year of the reign, and without any doubt continued\nchancellor till the king's death; and yet, from April to September in the\nfollowing year, the latter was also addressed by the same title. During\nthat interval of five months, there are numerous writs of Privy Seal\naddressed by the king to both, in which each of them is styled \"our\nchancellor.\"\n\nThis curious circumstance may be thus accounted for. King Edward had for\nsome time been contemplating an invasion of France; and when his\npreparations were completed (about April), as he required his chancellor,\nBishop Rotheram, to attend him on the expedition, it became necessary to\nprovide some competent person to transact the business of the Chancery in\nhis absence. On previous occasions of this nature, it had been usual to\nplace the seal that was used in England, when the king was abroad, in the\nhands of the Master of the Rolls, or some other master in Chancery, with\nthe title of Keeper: but, for some unexplained reason (perhaps because\nBishop Alcock was a man whom the king delighted to honour), this prelate\nwas dignified with the superior designation, although Bishop Rotheram still\nretained it. The voyage being delayed from April to July, during the whole\nof that period, each being in England, both acted in the same character;\nPrivy Seals, as I have said, being sent to both, and bills in Chancery\nbeing addressed also to Bishop Alcock as chancellor. Rotheram was with the\nking in France as his chancellor, and is so described on opening the\nnegotiation in August, which led to the discreditable peace by which Edward\nmade himself a pensioner to the French king. No Privy Seals were addressed\nto Alcock after September 28; which may therefore be considered the close\nof this double chancellorship, and the date of Bishop Rotheram's return to\nEngland.\n\nWho knows whether the discovery of this ancient authority may not suggest\nto our legislators the division of the title between two possessors {258}\nwith distinct duties, in the same manner that two chief justices were\nsubstituted in the reign of Henry III. for one chief justiciary?\n\nThe immediate interest of this fact has prompted me to anticipate its\nappearance in the volumes of my work, which you have been kind enough to\nannounce as being in the press.\n\nEDWARD FOSS.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nILLUSTRATIONS OF CHAUCER, NO. III.\n\n \"Now flieth Venus in to Ciclinius tour.\n      *    *    *    *    *    *\n \"Alas, and there hath she no socour,\n  For she ne found ne sey no maner wight.\n      *    *    *    *    *    *\n \"Wherefore her selven for to hide and save,\n  Within the gate she fledde in to a cave.\n      *    *    *    *    *    *\n \"Now God helpe sely Venus alone,\n  But as God wold it happed for to be,\n  That while the weping Venus made her mone,\n  Ciclinius riding in his chirachee,\n  _Fro Venus Valanus might this palais see;_\n  And Venus he salveth and maketh chere,\n  And her receiveth as his frende full dere.\"\n              _Complaint of Mars and Venus._\n\nHaving in my last communication (Vol. iii., p. 235.) shown cause for the\nalteration in the foregoing quotation of Ciclinius into Cyllenius, I shall\nnow endeavour to interpret the line in Italics, which in its present shape\nis utterly without meaning.\n\nWhatever word _Valanus_ may be supposed to represent, whether a proper or a\ncommon name, still the construction of the whole line is evidently corrupt.\n\nTaking Valanus, in the first place, as a proper name, the most probable\noriginal would be VALENS; for the connexion of which with Mercury we must\nrefer to Cicero (_De Nat. Deor._ iii. 22.), where mention is made of it in\nthese words:--\n\n    \"Alter (Mercurius) _Valentis_ et Phoronidis filius, is qui sub terris\n    habetur idem Trophonius.\"\n\nHere the identification with Trophonius strikes us at once as affording a\nclue to THE CAVE into which Venus fled, giving great probability to Valens\nas the true solution of Chaucer's meaning.\n\nBut if we receive it as such, the following hypothesis becomes necessary,\nviz., that Chaucer imagined a _double impersonation_ of Mercury--one\nabsent, the other present,--one sidereal, the other mythological,--one\nCyllenius, the other Valens.\n\nWhen Venus first enters Mercury's \"palais,\" she \"_ne found ne sey no maner\nwight_.\" This signifies the absence from home of _Cyllenius_, who was\nabroad upon \"his chirachee\" in attendance upon the Sun; and here again is\nan instance of the nice astronomical accuracy of Chaucer. It was impossible\nthat the _planet_ Mercury could be in the sign Gemini, because his greatest\nelongation, or apparent distance from the sun, does not exceed 29 degrees;\nso that the Sun having but just entered Taurus, Mercury could not be in\nGemini. Neither could Venus see Valens (the other impersonation of\nMercury), because of his concealment in the cave; but when she entered the\ncave, then she was welcomed and received by him.\n\nNow, to render the text conformable with this interpretation, some\nalteration in the construction is necessary, as indeed it must be in any\nattempt to render the passage intelligible.\n\nTaking, away the word \"Fro,\" and transposing \"might\" to the other side of\n\"Valanus,\" the lines would stand thus,--\n\n         \"---- it happed for to be\n  That, while the weping Venus made her mone,\n  (Cyllenius riding in his chirachee)\n  Venus might Valens in this palais see;\n  And Venus he salveth and maketh chere\n  And her receiveth as his frende full dere!\"\n\nOn the other supposition of \"Valanus\" being a common name, to which a\ncapital letter has been prefixed in mistake, then the only word for which\nit would appear to be a probable substitution would be \"Vallum,\" in the\nsense of a border or rampart; but the application would be so far-fetched\nthat I shall not attempt it, especially as I look upon the explanation\nafforded by \"Valens\" as most probably the true one.\n\nA. E. B.\n\nLeeds, March 20. 1851.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nFOLK LORE.\n\n_Cure of Hooping Cough._--There is a superstition in Cheshire that hooping\ncough may be cured by holding a toad for a few moments with its head within\nthe mouth of the person affected. I heard only the other day of a cure by\nthis somewhat disagreeable process; the toad was said to have caught the\ndisease, which in this instance proved fatal to it in a few hours.\n\nA. H. H.\n\n_Charms from Devonshire._--The following charms were obtained from an old\nwoman in this parish, though probably they are all known to you already:\n\n  (_a._) _For a Scald or Burn._\n\n \"There were three angels came from The East and West,\n  One brought fire and another brought frost,\n  And the third it was the Holy Ghost.\n  Out fire, in frost, in the Name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the\n      Holy Ghost. Amen.\"\n\n  (_b._) _For a Sprain._\n\n    \"As our Blessed Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ was riding into\n    Jerusalem, His horse tripped and sprained his leg. Our Blessed Lord and\n    Saviour blessed it, and said,\n\n 'Bone to bone, and vein to vein,\n  O vein, turn to thy rest again!'\n\n    M. N. so shall thine, in the Name,\" &c.\n\n{259}\n\n  (_c._) _For stopping Blood._\n\n    \"Our Blessed Saviour was born in Bethlehem and baptized in the river\n    Jordan.\n\n 'The Waters were wild and rude.\n  The child Jesus was meek, mild, and good.'\n\n    He put His foot into the waters, and the waters stopped, and so shall\n    thy blood, in the Name,\" &c.\n\n  (d.) _For the Tooth-ache._\n\n    \"All glory! all glory! all glory! be to the Father, and to the Son, and\n    to the Holy Ghost.\n\n    \"As our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ was walking in the garden of\n    Gethsamene, He saw Peter weeping. He called him unto Him, and said,\n    Peter why, weepest thou? Peter answered and said, Lord, I am grievously\n    tormented with pain, the pain of my tooth. Our Lord answered and said,\n    If thou wilt believe in Me, and My words abide with thee, thou shalt\n    never feel any more pain in thy tooth. Peter said, Lord, I believe,\n    help Thou my unbelief. In the Name, &c.\n\n    \"God grant M. N. ease from the pain in his teeth.\"\n\n(_e._) _For Fits._--Go into a church at midnight and walk three times round\nthe communion table. This was done in this parish a few years since.\n\n(_f._) An inhabitant of this parish told me that his father went into\nLydford Church, at twelve o'clock at night, and cut off some lead from\nevery diamond pane in the windows with which he made a heart, to be worn by\nhis wife afflicted with \"_breastills_,\" i.e. _sore breasts_.\n\n(_g._) The skin cast by a snake is very useful in extracting thorns, &c.\nfrom the body, but, unlike I other remedies, it is repellent, not\nattractive; hence it must always be applied on the opposite side to that on\nwhich the thorn entered. In some cases where the skin has been applied on\nthe same side, it has forced the thorn completely through the hand.\n\n_Lent Lilies.--Oak Webs, &c._--In this part of Cornwall, the native yellow\nnarcissus, known in most counties, and in the books, as _daffodils_ (the\n\"Daffy Down Dilly\" of your correspondent, Vol. iii. p. 220.), are called\nonly by the name of _Lent lilies_, or simply _Lents_, and are commonly sold\nby the poor children, frequently in exchange for _pins_. The pleasing name\nreminds one of Michaelmas Daisy (_Chrysanthemum_), Christmas rose\n(_Helleborus niger_), and the beautiful pasque flower (_Anemone\npulsatilla_).\n\nThe common beetle called cockchafer is here known only as the _oak-web_,\nand a smaller beetle as _fern-web_. It seems hard to guess why they should\nbe named _web_ (which in Anglo-Saxon means _weaver_), as they do not, I\nthink, form any cocoon.\n\nH. G. T.\n\nLaunceston.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nTHE THRENODIA CAROLINA OF SIR THO. HERBERT.\n\nThe _Threnodia Carolina_ of sir Thomas Herbert is a jewel of historical\ncomposition, and I am persuaded that a new edition of it, if formed on a\ncollation of the best manuscripts, and illustrated by extracts from the\nprincipal historians of the same period, would not only be received by the\npublic with thanks, but with expressions of surprise that so rare a\ntreasure should have been suffered to remain in such comparative obscurity.\n\nThere are four manuscripts of the work in public libraries, two of which I\nam enabled to describe.\n\n1. The Harleian Ms. in the British Museum, No. 7396.\n\nThis Ms. is in folio. The preliminary leaves have the notes marked 1, 2,\n3--the second being in the handwriting of sir William Dugdale. The\nnarrative occupies thirty-six pages, with interlinear corrections and\nadditions. This Ms. does not contain the words _This brief narrative_, &c.\nnor the letter dated the 3d Nov. 1681.\n\n    \"THRENODIA CAROLINA.\"\n\n    (1) \"This book contains S^r Tho. Herberts memoirs being the original in\n    his own hand sent to S^r W^m Dugdale in 1678.\"\n\n    (2) \"A true and perfect narrative of the most remarkable passages\n    relating to king Charles the first of blessed memory, written by the\n    proper land of S^r Thomas Herbert baronet, who attended upon his\n    ma^{tie} from Newcastle upon Tine, when he was sold by the Scotts,\n    during the whole time of his greatest afflictions, till his death and\n    buriall; w^{ch} was sent to me S^r Will^m Dugdale knight, garter\n    principall king of armes, in Michaellmasse Terme a^o. 1678, by the said\n    S^r Thomas Herbert, from Yorke, where he resideth.\"\n\n    \"VERITAS ODIUM PARIT.\"\n\n    (3) \"Court passages in the two last yeares of the raigne of king\n    Charles the first, during y^e time of his affliction.\"\n\n    2. The Harleian Ms. in the British Museum, No. 4705.\n\n    This Ms. is in small folio. It was formerly in the possession of Peter\n    le Neve, norroy. A preliminary leaf has the subjoined attestation by\n    sir William Dugdale. The narrative is much more ample and\n    circumstantial than in the former Ms., but it is not all in the\n    handwriting of sir Thomas Herbert. The letter dated 3 November 1681,\n    and the relations of Huntington, Cooke, and Firebrace, are added in the\n    handwriting of Dugdale; also, the names of persons who corresponded\n    with Charles I. while he was a prisoner in the Isle of Wight. The\n    passages transcribed by the REV. ALFRED GATTY appear in this Ms.--also\n    in the edition of 1702. The edition of 1813 is a _verbatim_ reprint of\n    the first and second articles of that of 1702. It was edited by Mr.\n    George Nicol.\n\n    \"CAROLINA THRENODIA.\"\n\n    \"This booke containeth a large answer to a short letter sent by S^r\n    Will^m Dugdale kn^t (garter; principall king of armes) unto S^r Thomas\n    Herbert baronet, {260} residing in the citty of Yorke. By w^{ch} letter\n    he did desire the sayd S^r Thomas Herbert to informe him of such\n    materiall passages, as he had observed touching the late king Charles\n    the first (of blessed memory) during the time that he the sayd S^r\n    Thomas did attend him in person; B^t for the two last yeares of his\n    afflicted life.\"\n\nThe other Mss. alluded to are preserved in the Ashmolean Museum at Oxford.\nThe most important is No. 1141., which is minutely described in the\nadmirable catalogue compiled by Mr. Black. A transcript of the _Threnodia\nCarolina_ by Ant. a Wood, also in the Ashmolean Museum, is recorded by\nHuddesford.\n\nAs there were two _recensions_ of the narrative, I have added a specimen of\neach of the Harleian Mss., which may serve as a clue to the nature of other\ncopies, whether in public libraries, or in private hands.\n\n    \"The Lords ordered a girdle or circumscription of Capitall Letters to\n    be cutt in Lead and putt about the Coffin. being onely these wordes\n\n    KING CHARLES\n    1648.\n\n    The kings body was then brought from the chamber to Saint Georges hall.\n    whence after a Little pause, it was w^{th} a slow pase & much sorrow\n    carrye'd by those gentlemen that were in mourninge: the Lords in blacks\n    following the royall Corpes & many gentlemen after them, and their\n    attendants.\"--THRENODIA CAROLINA, p. 36. Harleian MS. 7396.\n\n    \"The girdle or circumscription of Capitall Letters in Lead putt about\n    the Coffin had onely these words.\n\n    KING-CHARLES.\n    1648.\n\n    The Kings body was then brought from his Bed-chamber, downe into S^t\n    Georges-hall; whence after a little stay, itt was with a slow and\n    solemn pace (much sorrow in most faces discernable) carryed by\n    gentlemen that were of some quallity and in mourning. the Lords in like\n    habitts followed the Royall Corps. the Governor, and severall\n    gentlemen, and officers, and attendants came after.\"--CAROLINA\n    THRENODIA, p. 80. Harleian MS. 4705.\n\nBOLTON CORNEY.\n\n_Sir Thomas Herbert's Memoirs of Charles I._--The question suggested by MR.\nGATTY'S first note upon this subject was one of some importance, viz.,\nwhether the original MS. in the possession of his friend contained anything\nof Sir Thomas Herbert's not hitherto published? There is no doubt that the\n\"Memoir of the two last years of King Charles I.\" was written by Sir Thomas\nHerbert, after his retirement to his native city of York, at the request of\nthe author of the _Athenae Oxonienses_, who made use of nearly the whole of\nit in compiling that great work, adapting different portions to his\nbiographical notices of the persons to whom they principally related. The\nnotices of Colonel Joyce and Colonel Cobbet are chiefly composed of\nextracts from Herbert's Memoir; whilst under the name of Herbert himself\nnot more than about one-third of his own communication will be found.\n\nThe first edition of the _Athenae_ was not published until 1691, several\nyears after Sir Thomas Herbert's death; and the memoir in a complete form,\nwith the title of _Threnodia Carolina_, did not appear until the year 1702,\nwhen it was published by Dr. Charles Goodall, physician to the Charter\nHouse, together with other tracts relating to Charles I. This is doubtless\nthe volume described by MR. BOLTON CORNEY (vol. iii., p. 157.), who will, I\nhope, favour your readers with the information requested by MR. GATTY (p.\n222.).\n\nThe Memoir, as published in 1813 by G. and W. Nicol, Booksellers, Pall\nMall, professes to be a faithful reprint of the former edition of 1702. The\ncommencing and concluding paragraphs in this reprint are precisely the same\nas those transcribed by MR. GATTY'S friend from the MS. in his possession.\nHis idea, that an incorrect copy of his MS. was improperly obtained, and\npublished in 1813, seems to be without foundation.\n\n[Delta].\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nMinor Notes.\n\n_Shakspeare's Venus and Adonis._--The following extract from an\nadvertisement in the _St. James's Chronicle_, April 15, 1779, is worth a\nnote as illustrative of the altered value of the book referred to:--\n\n    \"If any person is possessed of an impression of Shakspeare's _Venus and\n    Adonis_, 4to. Printed by Richard Field for John Harrison, 1593, and\n    will bring it to Mr. Thomas Longman, bookseller, in Paternoster Row, he\n    will receive one guinea for it.\"\n\nMalone gave 25l. for the copy in his collection in the Bodleian.\n\nJ. F. M.\n\n_Moorfields in Charles II.'s Time._--I copy this from _The New Help to\nDiscourse_, published about 1670:\n\n    \"Two gentlemen of Stepney going homewards over Moor-fields, about\n    twelve of the clock at night, were staid by an impertinent constable\n    with many frivolous questions, more by half to show his office than his\n    wit; one whereof was, If they were not afraid to go home at that time\n    of the night? They answered, 'No.' 'Well,' said he, 'I shall let you\n    pass at this time; but if you should be knockt on the lead before you\n    get home, you cannot but report that there was a good watch kept in\n    Moor-fields.\"\n\nBLOWEN.\n\n_Yankee, Derivation of._--The word _Yankee_ is nothing more than the word\n_English_ so transformed by the imperfect pronunciation of the natives of\nMassachusets--_Yenghis_, _Yanghis_, _Yankies_. The orthography of this\nmuch-used epithet, which is not given, we believe, in any English or\nAmerican work, was communicated to M. Philarete {261} Charles by one of the\nbest-informed men of that province.\n\n    \"Le mot Yankee, applique aujourd'hui comme sobriquet aux populations\n    agricoles et commercantes du nord, n'est autre que le mot _English_\n    transforme par la prononciation defectueuse des indigenes du\n    Massachusets: _Yenghis_, _Yanghis_, _Yankies_. Nous tenons de l'un des\n    hommes les plus instruit de la province cette curieuse etymologie, que\n    ne donne aucun ouvrage americain ou anglais. Les Anglais, quand ils se\n    moquent des _Yankies_, se moquent d'eux-memes.\"--Philarete Charles,\n    \"Les Americains,\" in _Revue des Deux Mondes_, May 15, 1850.\n\nJ. M.\n\n_A Word to Literary Men_ (Vol. iii., p. 161.).--Perhaps MR. KENNETH R. H.\nMACKENZIE will allow me to add the following as a _rider_ to his\nsuggestion:--\n\n    \"Even after all the labours of the Prussian scholars,\" says Dr. Arnold,\n    \"much remains to be done towards obtaining a complete knowledge of the\n    number, and still more of the value, of the Greek MSS. now existing in\n    Europe. It is not easy to know how many MSS. of any given writer are\n    extant, where they are to be found, and, above all, whether from their\n    age and character they are worth the trouble of an exact collation. A\n    labour of this kind cannot be accomplished by individuals; but the\n    present spirit of liberal co-operation, which seems to influence\n    literary as well as scientific men throughout Europe, renders its\n    accomplishment by the combined exertions of the scholars of different\n    countries by no meals impracticable. It would be exceedingly convenient\n    to possess an alphabetical list of all the extant Greek and Latin\n    writers, with a _catalogue raisonnee_ of the MSS. of each; and if such\n    a work were attempted, there is little doubt, I imagine, that in point\n    of number a very large addition would be made to the stock of MSS.\n    already known. What the result might be in point of value is another\n    question; still it is desirable to know what we have to trust to; and\n    when we have obtained a right estimate of our existing resources in\n    manuscripts, we shall then be better able to judge what modern\n    criticism will have to do from its own means towards bringing the text\n    of the ancient writers to the greatest possible state of\n    perfection.\"--Preface to _Thucydides_, vol. iii. page iv. 2d edit.\n\nM. N.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nQueries.\n\nPOEMS OF JOHN SEGUARD OF NORWICH.\n\nIn the _Letters on the British Museum_, 1767 (referred to Vol. iii., p.\n208.), at p. 33. is given a short Latin poem, which the writer states he\n\"found among the manuscripts;\" and adds, \"It was written by John Seward in\nthe time of Henry V., who conquered Charles VI. of France.\" The poem is as\nfollows:\n\n \"Ite per extremam Tanaim, pigrosque Triones,\n  Ite per arentem Lybiam, superate calores\n  Solis, et arcanos Nili deprendite fontes,\n  Herculeumque sinum, Bacchi transcurrite metas,\n  Angli juris erit quicquid complectitur orbis.\n  Anglis rubra dabunt pretiosas aequora conchas,\n  Indus ebur, ramos Panchaia, vellera Seres,\n  Dum viget Henricus, dum noster vivit Achilles;\n  Est etenim laudes longe transgressus avitas.\"\n\nIf these lines are compared with the contemporary Leonine verses in praise\nof Henry V., preserved in MS. Cott. Cleop. B. i. f. 173. beginning:\n\n \"Ad Salvatoris laudes, titulos et honores.\"\n\ntheir great superiority, in point of Latinity, will be perceived, and this\nQuery forthwith arises: Who was John Seward?\n\nIn reply to this, the following information has been collected. The name of\nthe author was not _Seward_, but _Seguard_. He is not mentioned by Leland,\nbut Bale calls him \"insignis sui temporis rhetor ac poeta;\" and states\nfurther, that in the city of Norwich, \"non sine magno auditorum fructu,\nbonas artes ingenue profitebatur.\" He then gives a list of his writings,\namong which is a work on Prosody, entitled _Metristenchiridion_, addressed\nto Richard Courtney, Bishop of Norwich, who held the see only from Sept.\n1413 to Sept. 1415, and therefore composed during that interval. He notices\nalso a tract _De miseria hominis_, together with _Carmina diversi generis_\nand _Epistolae ad diversos_; all of which, he says, he himself saw in\nmanuscripts in Merton College, Oxford, and in the Royal Library of Edward\nVI. Pits, the next authority in point of date, chiefly follows Bale in his\naccount of John Seguard; but adds, \"Equestris ordinis in Anglia patre\nnatus,\" and among his writings inserts one not specified by Bale, _De\nlaudibus Regis Henrici Quinti, versu_. Tanner copies the first of these\nstatements, yet, singular enough, omits all notice of the poem on Henry V.,\nthe very one, apparently, cited in the _Letters on the British Museum_. But\nthere are further difficulties. It was natural to suppose, that the MS.\nseen by Bale in the Royal Library would be there still; and Tanner\nunhesitatingly refers to the volume marked 15 A. xxii. art. 5., as the one\nwhich contained the poem _De miseria hominis_, noted by Bale. On looking,\nhowever, at this manuscript, it became apparent that both Bale and Tanner\nare in error in ascribing this poem to Seguard. The handwriting is of the\nearly part of the thirteenth century, and consequently full a century and a\nhalf before the Norwich poet was born! At the conclusion is this note, by\nthe same hand:\n\n    \"Hos versus, sicut nobis quidam veridicus retulit, Segardus junior de\n    Sancto Audomaro composuit.\"\n\nThe writer here named is not mentioned in Fabricius, nor in the _Histoire\nLitteraire de la France_. Besides the MS. in Merton College, Oxford,\nreferred to by Bale, which still exists there under the signature Q. 3. 1.,\nI find another in Bernard's _Catt._ {262} _MSS. Angliae_, 1697, vol. ii. p.\n216., among the manuscripts of Sir Henry Langley of Shropshire, \"No. 22.\nJo. Segnard [_read_ Seguard] Poemata.\" I would therefore close these\nremarks by requesting attention to the following Queries:--\n\n1. As Blomefield is silent on the subject, is anything more known\nrespecting the biography of John Seguard?\n\n2. Can a list be obtained of the contents of the Merton manuscript?\n\n3. What became of the Langley MS., and where is it at present?\n\n4. In what manuscript of the British Museum is the poem on Henry V.\ncontained?\n\nF. MADDEN.\n\nP.S. Since I wrote the above, I have found in the Sale Catalogue of the\nTowneley library, 1814, pt. i. lot 396.:\n\n    \"_Seguardi Opuscula._ Manuscript on vellum. This volume contains\n    several treatises not mentioned by Bale or Pits.\"\n\nIt was purchased by Mr. Laing for 1l. 1s. May I, therefore, add one more\nQuery?\n\n5. Can the present owner of this MS. (which is probably the same as the\nLangley copy) furnish a note of its contents?\n\nF. M.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nEPITAPH ON THE COUNTESS OF PEMBROKE.\n\nWho was the writer of the oft-quoted lines,\n\n \"Underneath this marble (sable) hearse,\" &c.\n\nintended, as all know, for an epitaph on Mary Sidney, afterwards Countess\nof Pembroke, but not inscribed upon any monumental stone? They are almost\nuniversally attributed to Ben Jonson, and are included amongst his poems.\nBut this is not conclusive evidence, as we also there find the epitaph on\nDrayton, which was written by Quarles. In Aubrey's MS. _Memoires of\nNaturall Remarques in Wilts_, these verses are said to have been \"made by\nMr. Willi[=a]. Browne, who wrote the Pastoralls, and they are inserted\nthere.\" Mr. Britton, in his _Life of Aubrey_ (p. 96.), adds:\n\n    \"It is essential to observe, that Aubrey is not alone in stating them\n    to be by Browne; for, in his note upon the subject, he left a blank for\n    the latter's Christian name, 'William,' which was filled up by Evelyn\n    when he perused the manuscript. Indeed, Evelyn added as a further note,\n    '_William_, Governor to the now Earl of Oxford.'\"\n\nBut these lines are not to be found in Browne's _Pastorals_. In book ii.,\nsong 4., there is an epitaph, but which bears little resemblance to the one\nin question. It concludes with the following conceit:\n\n \"If to the grave there ever was assign'd\n  One like this nymph in body and in minde,\n  We wish here in balme, not vainely spent,\n  To fit this maiden with a monument,\n  For brass, and marble, were they seated here,\n  Would fret, or melt in tears, to lye so near.\"\n\nAddison, in _The Spectator_, No. 323., speaks of this epitaph as \"written\nby an uncertain author.\" This was not more than seventy-five or eighty\nyears after Jonson's death. In the lives of the Sidneys, and in Ballard's\n_Memoirs of Celebrated Ladies_ (1752), no author is mentioned; but the\nlatter speaks of the epitaph as likely to be more lasting than marble or\nbrass. To the six lines which generally stand alone, the following are\nadded in the two last-mentioned works:\n\n \"Marble pyles let no man raise,\n  To her name, for after daies,\n  Some kind woman, born as she,\n  Reading this like Niobe,\n  Shall turn marble, and become,\n  Both her mourner and her tomb.\"\n\nThese are also given by Brydges in his _Peers Of James II._, but they are\nnot in Jonson's works. Did they originally form part of the epitaph, or are\nthey the production of another and later author?\n\nThat this epitaph should be attributed to Jonson, may possibly have arisen\nfrom the following lines being confounded with it. Jacob, in his _English\nPoets_, says--\n\n    \"To show that Ben was famous at _epigram_, I need only transcribe the\n    epitaph he wrote on the Lady Elizabeth L. H.:\n\n     \"Underneath this stone doth lie\n      As much virtue as could die,\n      Which when alive did harbour give\n      To as much beauty as could live.\n\nJ. H. M.\n\nBath.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nMinor Queries.\n\n_The Vellum-bound Junius._--Mr. Cramp, in his late publication, _Junius and\nhis Works_, conjectures that the printer having bound a copy of _Junius_\nfor and under the direction of the writer of the letters, followed the\npattern in the binding of other copies; and this, he says, \"will account\nfor similar copies having been found in the libraries of so many persons,\nwhich from time to time has occasioned so much speculation.\" With Mr.\nCramp's conjecture I do not concern myself; but I should be much obliged if\nhe would inform me, through your Journal, in what libraries, and where,\nthese many vellum-bound copies have been found, and where I can find the\nspeculations to which they have given rise.\n\nV. B.\n\n_The Vellum-bound Junius._--Some years ago, on reading the private letters\nof Junius, addressed to H. S. Woodfall, and printed by G. Woodfall, 1812, I\nwas particularly struck by those of No. 58. and 59., wherein he states a\ndesire to have one set of his letters (which were published 3d March, 1772,\nby Woodfall) _bound in vellum_.\n\nConstantly bearing in mind the fact of the vellum copy, I invariably\nexamined all the book {263} catalogues that came in my way for it. At last\nthe long-wished-for object appeared in the Stowe sale, and I immediately\ngave my agent instruction to purchase the book for me, and he might offer\nas much as 10l.: he bid 8l., and then it was intimated that it was no use\nto go on; that fifty guineas would not purchase it, or any other sum.\n\nQuery, Has this volume been in any other sale? if not, it certainly\nconnects the Buckingham family with Junius, though it does not prove the\nauthor.\n\nW. D. HAGGARD.\n\n    [The Stowe copy of Junius, it appears, was bought by Mr. Rodd for 9l.,\n    no doubt upon commission.]\n\n_What is a \"Tye?\"_--In Essex, many parishes have a place called \"the tye,\"\nwhich I believe is always an out-lying place where three roads meet. In an\nold map I have seen one place now called \"Tye\" written \"Dei.\" Is it where a\ncross once stood, and Tye a corruption of Dei? Forby, in his _East Anglian\nVocabulary_, mentions it, but cannot make it out.\n\nA. HOLT WHITE.\n\n_\"Marriage is such a Rabble Rout.\"_--In D'Israeli's _Curiosities of\nLiterature_, Moxon's edition, in 1 vol. p. 118., or ed. edited by his son,\nvol. i. p. 363., under the head \"A Literary Wife,\" are the lines--\n\n \"Marriage is such a rabble rout,\n  That those that are out, would fain get in;\n  And those that are in, would fain get out:\"\n\nquoted from Chaucer. I have heard these lines quoted as being from\n_Hudibras_: as I cannot trace them in my editions of Chaucer of Butler,\nperhaps some of your readers can tell me where I can find them?\n\nS. WMSON.\n\n_Arms of Robert Nelson._--Can any of the numerous readers and\ncorrespondents of \"NOTES AND QUERIES\" describe the _armorial bearings_ of\n_Robert Nelson, Esq._, the author of the _Companion for the Festivals and\nFasts of the Church of England_? He was buried in the burying-ground in\nLamb's Conduit Fields, January, 1714.\n\nG. F.\n\n_Knebsend or Nebsend, co. York._--Query, whereabouts in the county of York\nis this place? I believe that one of the above is the way of spelling, but\nat any rate they have the same sound.\n\nJ. N. C.\n\n_Moore's Almanack._--Can any of your correspondents inform me as to the\nhistory of _Moore's Almanack_?\n\nWhat is the date of its first appearance? Was Francis Moore a real\npersonage, or merely a myth?\n\nH. P. W.\n\nTemple.\n\n_Archbishop Loftus._--I shall be deeply obliged to any of your\ncorrespondents who will inform me whether, and _where_, any diary or\nprivate memoranda are known to exist of Adam Loftus, who was Archbishop of\nDublin nearly forty years, from 1567 to 1605, Lord Chancellor of Ireland,\nand the first Provost of Trinity College, Dublin. He was an ancestor of the\nViscount Loftus, and of the Marquess of Ely.\n\nHENRY COTTON.\n\nThurles, Ireland, March 20.\n\n_Matrix of Monastic Seal._--A brass matrix has fallen into my hands of a\nperiod certainly not much anterior to the Revolution. Device, the Virgin\nand Child, their heads surrounded with nimbi; the former holds in her right\nhand three lilies, the latter a globe and cross. The legend is:\n\n\"* SIG[=IL] . MON . [=B] . [=M] . DE . PRATO . ALIAS . DE . BONO . NVNCIO.\"\n\nIn the field, a shield charged with three lions passant. Can any\ncorrespondent aid me in assigning it rightly? There was an Abbey of St.\nMary de Pratis at Leicester (Vide _Gent. Mag._, vol. xciii. p. 9.); and\nthere is a church dedicated to \"St. Mary in the Marsh at Norwich.\" In a\nrecent advertisement I find a notice of Scipio Ricci, Bishop of Pistoia and\nPrato, so that the appellation is not very uncommon.\n\nE. S. TAYLOR.\n\n_Syriac Scriptures and Lexicon._--What edition of the Peschito-Syriac\nversion of the Old and New Testaments, respectively, is considered the\nbest? Also, what Syriac Lexicon stands highest for value and accuracy?\n\nT. TN.\n\n_Villiers Duke of Buckingham._--There is a tradition in Portsmouth, that in\nthe evening preceding his assassination, Villiers Duke of Buckingham killed\na sailor. Is there any authority for this?\n\nE. D.\n\n_Porci solidi-pedes._--Can any of your readers inform me if any pigs with\nsingle hoofs are in existence in any county in England? They are mentioned\nin a letter from Sir Thomas Browne to Dugdale the antiquary.\n\nJ. S. P. (a Subscriber).\n\n_The Heywood Family._--I am anxious to know if Thomas Heywood, the\ndramatist, was in any way related to Nathaniel Heywood or Oliver Heywood,\nthe celebrated Nonconformist ministers in the seventeenth century? Could\nany of your correspondents give me information on this point?\n\nH. A. B.\n\nTrin. Coll. Camb.\n\n_Was Charles II. ever in Wales?_--There is a tradition amongst the\ninhabitants of Glamorganshire, that, after his defeat at the battle of\nWorcester, Charles come to Wales and staid a night at a place called\nLlancaiach Vawr, in the parish of Gelligaer. The place then belonged to a\nColonel Pritchard, an officer in the Parliamentary army; and the story\nrelates that he made himself known to his host, and threw himself upon his\ngenerosity for safety. The colonel assented to his staying for {264} _one_\nnight only, but went away himself, afraid, as the story goes, that the\nParliament should come to know he had succoured Charles. I know that\nLlancaiach was a place of considerable note long after that, and that an\nold farmer used to say he had heard tile story from his father. The\nhistorians, I believe, are all silent as to his having fled to Wales\nbetween the time of his defeat at Worcester and the time he left the\ncountry.\n\nDAVYDD GAM.\n\n    [Some accounts state that Charles I. was entertained by Colonel\n    Prichard, when that monarch, travelling through Wales, lost his way\n    between Tredegar and Brecknock. (See Lewis's _Topographical Dictionary\n    of Wales_, art. \"Gellygaer.\")]\n\n_Dog's Head in the Pot._--\"Thomas Johnson, Citizen and Haberdasher of\nLondon, by will, dated 3d Sept. 1563, gave 13s. 4d. annually to the\nhighways between Barkway and Dogshed-in-the-Pot, otherwise called\nHoremayd.\"\n\nThe Dogshed-in-the-Pot here mentioned was, as I infer, a public-house in\nthe parish of Great or Little Hormead in Hertfordshire, by the side of the\nroad from Barkway to London. In Akerman's _Tradesmen's Tokens current in\nLondon_ I find one (numbered 1442) of the \"Dogg's-Head-in-the-Potte\" in Old\nStreet, having the device of a dog eating out of a pot; and the token of\nOliver Wallis, in Red Cross Street (No. 1610., A.D. 1667), has the device\nof a dog eating out of a three-legged pot. In April, 1850, Hayward Brothers\n(late R. Henly and Co.), wholesale and manufacturing builders ironmongers,\n196. Blackfriars Road, and 117. and 118. Union Street, Borough, London (who\nstate their business to have been established 1783), put forth an\nadvertisement headed with a woodcut of a dog eating out of a three-legged\npot.\n\nCan any of your readers elucidate this sign of the \"Dog's-head-in-the Pot?\"\n\nC. H. COOPER.\n\nCambridge, May 24. 1850.\n\n_\"Poor Allinda's growing old.\"_--Charles II., to vex the Duchess of\nCleveland, caused Will Legge to sing to her--\n\n \"Poor Allinda's growing old,\n  Those charms are now no more.\"\n\n(See Lord Dartmouth's note in _Burnet_, vol. i. p. 458. ed. 1823.) Let me\nask, through \"NOTES AND QUERIES,\" Dr. Rimbault, Mr. Chappell, or any\nreaders, where are these verses to be found?\n\nP. CUNNINGHAM.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nMinor Queries Answered.\n\n_Who was the Author of \"The Modest Enquiry, &c.\"?_--There is an anonymous\ntract, entitled _A Modest Enquiry, &c._, (4to. London, 1687), on the\nquestion of St. Peter's ever having been at Rome: proving, in so far as a\nnegative in the case can be proved, in the most logical, full, clear, and\nsatisfactory manner, that--_He never was at Rome_; and _never was, either\nnominally or otherwise, Bishop_ _of the Church there_: and showing the\ngrounds for the contrary assertion to be altogether baseless and untrue;\nbeing a tissue of self-contradicting forgeries and frauds, invented long\nsubsequently to the time, evidently for the sole purpose of justifying the\nPapal pretensions of succession and derivation from the Apostle; as those,\nand all its other claims, are founded alone upon that fact, and must stand\nor fall with it.\n\nThe inquiry is conducted throughout with evidence of great acquaintance\nwith Scripture and much theological learning (though the writer states\nhimself to be a layman), without the least undue pretension, and with the\nmost perfect temperateness and impartiality. The work would seem now well\nworth reprinting in a cheap and popular form.\n\nWho was the author?\n\nM.\n\n    [In Francis Peck's _Catalogue of Discourses in the Time of King James\n    II._, No. 226., the name of HENRY CARE is given as the author. A list\n    of his other works may be found in Watt's _Bibliotheca_.]\n\n_William Penn's Family._--Can any of your correspondents inform me to whom\nhis eldest surviving son (William) was married, and also to whom the\nchildren of the said son were married, as well as those of his daughter\nLetitia (Mrs. Aubrey), if she had any? This son and daughter were William\nPenn's children by his first marriage with Miss Springett.\n\nA. U. C.\n\n    [William Penn, eldest son (of William Penn by Miss Springett), had two\n    children, Gulielma Maria, married to Charles Fell, and William Penn of\n    the Rocks in Sussex, who by his first wife, Christian Forbes, had a\n    daughter and heir, married to Peter Gaskell. Mrs. Aubrey was living in\n    1718. Our correspondent may also be referred to Mr. Hepworth Dixon's\n    recently published _William Penn, an Historical Biography_.]\n\n_Deal, Dover, and Harwich._--Where do the following lines come from?\n\n \"Deal, Dover, and Harwich,\n  The devil gave with his daughter in marriage;\n  And, by a codicil to his will,\n  He added Helvoet and the Brill.\"\n\nJ. H. L.\n\n    [Francis Grose, in his _Collection of Proverbs_, speaks of them as \"A\n    satirical squib thrown at the innkeepers of those places, in return for\n    the many impositions practised on travellers, as well natives as\n    strangers. Equally applicable to most other sea-ports.\"]\n\n_Author of Broad Stone of Honour._--Who is the author of the _Broad Stone\nof Honour_, of which mention is made in the _Guesses at Truth_, 1st series,\np. 230., &c., and in the _Ages of Faith_, p. 236., works of some interest\nin reference to the Papal discussions which are raging at present?\n\nNEMO.\n\n    [Kenelm M. Digby is the author of the _Broad Stone of Honour_.]\n\n{265}\n\n_Pope Joan._--Can any information be procured as to the origin of the game\ncalled Pope Joan, and (what is of more importance) of the above title,\nwhether any such personage ever held the keys of St Peter and wore the\ntiara? If so, at what period and for what time, and what is known of her\npersonal history?\n\nNEMO.\n\n    [That _Papissa Joanna_ is merely a fictitious character, is now\n    universally acknowledged by the best authorities. \"Clearer\n    confirmations must be drawn for the history of Pope Joan, who succeeded\n    Leo IV. and preceded Benedict III., than many we yet discover, and he\n    wants not grounds that doubts it.\" So thought Sir Thomas Browne, in his\n    _Vulgar Errors_, B. vii. Ch. 17. Gibbon, too, rejects it as fabulous.\n    \"Till the Reformation,\" he says, \"the tale was repeated and believed\n    without offence, and Joan's female statue long occupied her place among\n    the Popes in the Cathedral of Sienna. She has been annihilated by two\n    learned Protestants, Blondel and Bayle; but their brethren were\n    scandalized by this equitable and generous criticism. Spanheim and\n    L'Enfant attempted to save this poor engine of controversy, and even\n    Mosheim condescends to cherish some doubt and suspicion.\"--_The Decline\n    and Fall of the Roman Empire_, chap. xlix. Spanheim's work, _Joanna\n    Papissa Restituta_, was printed at Leyden in 1692.]\n\n_The Well o' the World's End._--I am very anxious to find out, whether\nthere still exists in print (or if it is known to any one now alive) an old\nScotch fairy tale called \"The Weary Well at the World's End?\" Charles\nKirkpatrick Sharpe, Esq., who is unhappily dead lately, knew the story and\nmeant to write it down; but he became too infirm to do so, and though many\nvery old people in the hilly districts of Lammermoor and Roxburghshire\nremember parts of it, and knew it in their youth, I cannot find one who\nknows it entirely.\n\nL. M. M. R.\n\n    [Some references to the story alluded to by our correspondent will be\n    found in Dr. Leyden's valuable introduction to _The Complaynt of\n    Scotland_; and the story itself in Chambers's admirable collection of\n    Scottish Folk Lore, _Popular Rhymes of Scotland_, p. 236. of the third\n    edition, which form vol. vii. of the _Select Writings of Robert\n    Chambers_.]\n\n_Sides and Angles._--What is the most simple and least complicated method\nof determining the various relations of the sides and angles of the acute\nand obtuse-angled triangles, without the aid of trigonometry, construction,\nor, in fact, by any method except arithmetic?\n\nF. G. F.\n\nSt. Andrew's.\n\n    [The relations of sides and angles cannot be obtained without\n    trigonometry in some shape. A very easy work has lately been published\n    by Mr. Hemming, in which there is as little as possible of technical\n    trigonometry.]\n\n_Meaning of Ratche._--In John Frith's _Antithesis_, published in 1529, he\nsays:\n\n    \"The pope and bishops hunt the wild deer, the fox, and the hare, in\n    their closed parks, with great cries, and horns blowing, with hounds\n    and _ratches_ running.\"\n\nI should be glad to have the word _ratches_ satisfactorily explained.\n\nH. W.\n\n    [From a note by Steevens on the line in _King Lear_ (Boswell's\n    _Shakspeare_, vol. x. p. 155.), it appears that the late Mr. Hawkins,\n    in his notes to _The Return from Parnassus_, p. 237., says, \"That a\n    _rache_ is a dog that hunts by scent wild beasts, birds, and even\n    fishes, and that the female of it is called a _brache_:\" and in\n    _Magnificence_, an ancient Interlude of Morality, by Skelton, printed\n    by Rastell, no date, is the following line:\n\n    \"Here is a leyshe of ratches to renne an hare.\"\n\nIn a following note, Mr. Tollet, after saying \"What is here said of a\n_rache_, might, perhaps, be taken from Holinshed's _Description of\nScotland_, p. 14.,\" proceeds, \"The females of all dogs were once called\n_braches_; and Ulitius upon Gratius observes, 'Racha Saxonibus canem\nsignificabat unde Scoti hodie _Rache_ pro cane foemina habent, quod Anglis\nest _Brache_.'\"]\n\n_\"Feast of Reason,\" &c._--Seeing your correspondents ask where couplets are\nto be found, I venture to ask whence comes the line--\n\n \"The feast of reason and the flow of soul.\"\n\nI have often heard it asked, but never answered.\n\nH. W. D.\n\n    [It will be found in Pope's _Imitations of Horace_, Book ii. Satire i.:\n\n     \"There St. John mingles with my friendly bowl\n      The feast of reason and the flow of soul.\"]\n\n_Tu Autem._--In page 25. of \"Hertfordshire,\" in Fuller's _Worthies_, there\nis a story of one Alexander Nequam, who, wishing to become a monk of St.\nAlban's, wrote thus to the abbot thereof:\n\n    \"Si vis, veniam. Sin autem, tu autem.\"\n\nTo which the abbot replied:\n\n    \"Si bonus sis, venias. Si Nequam, nequaquam.\"\n\nCan any of your readers inform me of the meaning of \"tu autem\" in the first\nline? as I have been long puzzled.\n\nThis puts me in mind of a form which there was at Ch. Ch., Oxford, on\n\"gaudy\" days. Some junior students went to the \"high table\" to say a Latin\ngrace, and when they had finished it, they were dismissed by the Dean\nsaying \"Tu autem;\" on which, I remember, there was invariably a smile\npervading the faces of those present, even that of the Dean himself, as no\none seemed to know the meaning of the phrase. I believe that it was in my\ntime an enigma to all. Can any of your ingenious readers solve me this?\n\nH. C. K.\n\n----Rectory, Hereford.\n\n    [Pegge in his _Anonymiana_, Cent. iv. Sect. 32. says, \"At St. John's\n    College, Cambridge, a scholar, in my time, read some part of a chapter\n    in a Latin Bible; and after he had read a short time, the President, or\n    {266} the Fellow that sat in his place cried, _Tu autem_. Some have\n    been at a loss for the meaning of this; but it is the beginning of the\n    suffrage, which was supposed to follow the reading of the Scripture,\n    which the reading scholar was to continue by saying _Miserere mei,\n    Domine_. But at last it came to mean no more than to be a cue to the\n    reader to desist or give over.\"]\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nReplies.\n\nBARONS OF HUGH LUPUS.\n\n(Vol. iii., pp. 87. 189.)\n\nThe inquiry of P., in p. 87., seems to indicate an impression that all the\nwitnesses to the charter of Hugh Lupus to Chester Abbey were barons of the\nPalatinate, but only a few of them were such, the rest being of England\ngenerally.\n\nThe original barons of the Palatinate were clearly distinguishable by\npossession of privileges confirmed to them by a well-known charter of Earl\nRanulph III.; and all the Norman founders of their baronies will be found,\nunder Cestrescire, in Domesday, as tenants in capite, from the Earl\nPalatine, of lordships within the lyme of his county.\n\n_Bigod de Loges_ (one of the subjects of P.'s inquiry) will not bear this\ntest, unless he was identical with Bigot, Norman lord of the manors\nafterwards comprised in Aldford Fee, which is not known to have been the\ncase. For this last-named Bigot, whose lands descended through the Alfords\nto Arderne, reference may be made to the _History of Cheshire_, I. xxix.,\nII. 411.\n\n_William Malbanc_, the other subject of inquiry, who has eluded M. J. T.'s\nsearches, is easily identified. He was the Norman baron of Nantwich, the\nWillelmus Malbedeng of the _Domesday Survey_ (vol. i. p. 265. col. 2.), and\nthe name is also written thus in the copy of H. Lupus's charter referred\nto, which was ratified under inspection by Guncelyn de Badlesmere,\nJusticiary of Chester in 8 Edw. I.\n\nThe charter, with Badlesmere's attestation prefixed, will be found in\nLeycester's _Cheshire Antiquities_, p. 109., and in Ormerod's _Hist. of\nCheshire_, vol. i. p. 12. In the latter work, in vol. iii., the inquirer\nwill also find an account of William Malbedeng or Malbanc, his estates, his\ndescendant coheirs, and their several subdivisions, extending from p. 217.\nto p. 222., under the proper head of Nantwich or _Wich Malbanc_, a still\nexisting Palatine barony.\n\nLANCASTRIENSIS.\n\nYour correspondent M. J. T. says it appears from--\n\n    \"_The MS. Catalogue_ of the Norman nobility before the Conquest, that\n    Robert and Roger de Loges possessed lordships in the districts of\n    Coutances in Normandy.\"\n\nWill he be so good as to say what _MS. Catalogue_ he refers to? He seems to\nspeak of _the MS._ _Catalogue_ of Norman nobility as if it were some\nwell-known public and authentic record.\n\nQ. G.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nEDMUND PRIDEAUX AND THE FIRST POST-OFFICE.\n\n(Vol. iii., p. 186.)\n\nIn a recent number of \"NOTES AND QUERIES\" (which, by the way, I have only\nrecently become acquainted with) I saw the Queries of your correspondent\nG. P. P. upon the above subject, and having some time ago had occasion to\ninvestigate it, I accumulated a mass of notes from various sources,--and\nthese I send you, rough and unpolished as they are, in the hope that in the\nabsence of better information, they may prove to be acceptable.\n\nHerodotus (viii. 98.) mentions the existence of a method of communication\namong the Persians, by means of horsemen placed at certain distances.\n\nIn the Close and Misae Rolls (_temp. King John et post_) payments are\nrecorded for nuncii who were charged with the carriage of letters.\n\nIn 1481, Edward IV., during his war with Scotland, established horse riders\nat _posts_ twenty miles apart, by which letters were conveyed two hundred\nmiles in two days (Gale's _Hist. Croyland_); and the Scottish Parliament\nissued an ordinance for facilitating the expedition of couriers throughout\nthe kingdom. Carriers of letters also existed in England about this time,\nfor in a letter from Sir J. Paston, written in 1471, we are informed that\n\"Courby, the carrier, hath had 40d. for the third hired horse,\" for a\njourney from Norwich to London and back. (Fenn's _Paston Letters_, 4to.\nvol. v. p. 73.)\n\nIn 1542, letters reached Edinburgh on the fourth day from their despatch\nfrom London. (Sadler's _Letters and Negociations_.)\n\nIn 1548, the rate to be charged for post-horse hire was fixed by statute (2\n& 3 Edw. VI. cap. 3.) at one penny per mile.\n\nIn 1581 (according to Camden), Thomas Randolph was appointed the first\nChief Postmaster of all England.\n\nJames I. established (date unknown) the office of Foreign Postmaster, which\nwas first held by Mathewe le Questor.\n\nIn 1631, Charles I. appointed William Frizell and Thomas Witherings (in\nreversion) to the sole management of the foreign post-office. And at this\ndate it seems a regular home post was also carried on, as appears by the\nfollowing entry from the Corporation Books of Great Yarmouth:--\"1631.\nAgreed, June 6, with the Postmaster of Ipswich to have Quarterly 20s. paid\nhim for carrying and bringing letters to and from London to Yarmouth for\nthe vse of the Towne.\"\n\nIn 1635, Charles I. issued a proclamation for the establishment of \"a\nrunning post or two, to {267} run night and day between Edinburgh and\nScotland and the City of London, to go thither and come back again in six\ndays:\" branch posts were also to be established with all the principal\ntowns on the road: the rates of postage were fixed at 2d. under 80 miles;\n4d. for 140 miles; 6d. beyond; and 8d. to Scotland. This is conclusive\nevidence that a regular post-office establishment existed nearly ten years\n_before Prideaux had anything to do with the post-office_.\n\nIn 1640, a proclamation was issued by the Long Parliament, by which the\noffices of Foreign and Inland Postmaster (then held by Witherings) were\nsequestrated into the hands of one Philip Burlamachy, a city merchant. Soon\nafter this we find a Committee of the Commons, with \"Master Edmund\nPrideaux\" for chairman, inquiring into the matter.\n\nIn 1644, a resolution of the Commons declared that \"Edmund Prideaux, Esq.,\na member of the House,\" was \"constituted master of the posts, messengers,\nand couriers.\"\n\nIn 1649 Prideaux established a weekly conveyance to every part of the\nkingdom; and also appears to have introduced other judicious reforms and\nimprovements,--indeed he seems to have been the Rowland Hill of those days;\nbut he has not the slightest claim to be considered as the \"Inventor of the\nPost-office.\" The mistake may have arisen from a misapprehension of the\nfollowing statement frown Blackstone: \"Prideaux first established a weekly\nconveyance of letters into all parts of the nation, _thereby saving to the\npublic the charge of maintaining postmasters_, to the amount of 7000l. per\nannum.\"\n\nI have not been able to obtain any particulars of Prideaux's personal\nhistory.\n\nMERCURII.\n\nJememutha Magna.\n\n_Edmund Prideaux and the First Post-office._--See the Appendix to the\nReport of the Secret Committee of the House of Commons on the Detaining and\nOpening of Letters at the Post-Office, 1844, which contains copies of\nnumerous documents furnished by Mr. Lechmere and Sir Francis Palgrave.\n\nARUN.\n\n    [We avail ourselves of this opportunity of inserting the following\n    extract from Mr. Rowland Hill's _Post-Office Reform; its Importance and\n    Practicability_, p. 86. of the third edition, published in 1837, as it\n    shows clearly the use which Mr. Rowland Hill made of the story in his\n    great work of Postage Reform; and that Miss Martineau had clearly no\n    authority for fathering the story in question upon that gentleman:--\n\n    \"Coleridge tells a story which shows how much the Post-office is open\n    to fraud, in consequence of the option as to pre-payment which now\n    exists. The story is as follows:--\n\n    'One day, when I had not a shilling which I could spare, I was passing\n    by a cottage not far from Keswick, where a letter-carrier was demanding\n    a shilling for a letter, which the woman of the house appeared\n    unwilling to pay, and at last declined to take. I paid the postage, and\n    when the man was out of sight, she told me that the letter was from her\n    son, who took that means of letting her know that he was well; the\n    letter was _not to be paid for_. It was then opened and found to be\n    blank!'[1]\n\n    \"This trick is so obvious a one that in all probability it is\n    extensively practised.\"]\n\n[Footnote 1: _Letters, Conversations, and Recollections of S. T.\nColeridge_, vol. ii. p. 114.]\n\nThe quotations of your correspondent G. P. P., from Polwhele's _Cornwall_,\nrelate to the same individual, and a more general construction must, I\nthink, be put upon the expression \"our countryman,\" than that it inferred a\nnative of the county. The family of Prideaux was one of great antiquity,\nand originated in Cornwall (their first seat being at Prideaux Castle\nthere), and had estates there in the time of the above Edmund. His father,\nSir Edmund Prideaux, of Netherton (the first baronet), studied the law in\nthe Inner Temple, where he became very eminent for his skill and learning.\nHe is stated to have raised a large estate in the counties of Devon and\nCornwall. He married  * * *; secondly, Catherine, daughter of Piers\nEdgecombe, of Mount Edgecombe, Esq., by whom he had two sons, Sir Peter his\nsuccessor, and Edmund, the subject of your correspondent's Queries, who is\nthus described in Prince's _Worthies of Devon_, p. 509.:--\n\n    \"This gentleman was bred to the law, and of so great a reputation, as\n    well for zeal to religion as skill in the law, it is not strange he was\n    chosen a Member of that which was called the Long Parliament, wherein\n    he became a very leading man; for, striking in with the prevailing\n    party of those times (though he never joined with them in setting upon\n    the life of his Sovereign), he grew up to great wealth and dignity. He\n    was made Commissioner of the Great Seal [1643. Rushworth, vol. iii. p.\n    242.], worth 1500l. a-year and by ordinance of Parliament practised\n    within the bar as one of the king's counsel, worth 5000l. per annum.\n    After that he was Attorney General, _worth what he pleased to make it_\n    [!!], and then _Postmaster General_ ... from all which rich employments\n    he acquired a great estate, and among other things purchased the _Abbey\n    of Ford_, lying in the Parish of Thorncombe, in Devonshire, where he\n    built a noble new house out of the ruins of the old,\" &c.\n\nPrideaux cannot be called the inventor of the Post-office, although to him\nmay be attributed the extension of the system. The first inland letter\noffice, which, however, extended to some of the principal roads only, was\nestablished by Charles I. in 1635, under the direction of Thomas\nWitherings, who was superseded in 1640. On the breaking out of the civil\nwar, great confusion was occasioned in the conduct of the office, and about\nthat time Prideaux's plan seems to have been conceived. {268} He was\nchairman of a committee in 1642 for considering the rates upon inland\nletters; and afterwards (1644) appointed Postmaster, in the execution of\nwhich office he first established a weekly conveyance of letters into all\nparts of the nation. Prior to this, letters were sent by special\nmessengers, or postmasters, whose duty it was to supply relays of horses at\na certain mileage. (_Blackstone_, book i. c. 8. s. 3.)\n\nI am unable to discover when Edmund Prideaux died; but it appears that\neither he, or one of his descendants, took part in the rising of the Duke\nof Monmouth in the West of England, upon which occasion the \"great estate\"\nwas found of great service in providing a bribe for Lord Jeffreys. In the\nLife of Lord Jeffreys, annexed to the _Western Martyrology; or, Bloody\nAssizes_ (5th ed. 266. London, 1705), it is said that \"A western\ngentleman's purchase came to fifteen or sixteen hundred guineas, which my\nLord Chancellor had.\" And Rapin, vol. ii. p. 270., upon the authority of\nEchard, iii. p. 775., states that in 1685 one Mr. Prideaux, of Ford Abbey,\nSomerset, gave Jeffreys 14000l. [probably misprint for 1400l.] \"to save his\nlife.\"\n\nI think it likely that your correspondent may find further information upon\nthe subject of this note, in the _Life of Dr. Humphrey Prideaux, Dean of\nNorwich_ (born 1648, died 1724), published in 1748.\n\nJ. B. COLMAN.\n\nEye, March 18. 1851.\n\nPolwhele was clearly wrong in designating Edmund Prideaux, the\nAttorney-General, a Cornishman, as he belonged to the family long seated in\nDevonshire, and was fourteenth in descent from Hickedon Prideaux, of\nOrcharton, in that county, second son of Nicholas, lord of Prideaux, in\nCornwall, who died in 1169.\n\nThe four Queries of G. P. P. may be more or less fully answered by\nreference to Prince's _Worthies of Devon_, ed. 1810, p. 651.; and an\nexcellent history of the Post-office in the _Penny Magazine_ for 1834, p.\n33.\n\nIs it too much to ask of your correspondent, who writes from Putney under\nmy initials, that he will be so good as to change his signature? I think\nthat I have strong reasons for the request, but I will only urge that I was\nfirst in the field, under the designation which he has adopted.[2]\n\nJ. D. S.\n\n[Footnote 2: [Would J. D. S. No 1, and J. D. S. No. 2, add the final letter\nof their respective names, _h n s y_, or whatever it may be, the difficulty\nmay probably be avoided. We have now so many correspondents that\ncoincidence of signature can scarcely be avoided.]]\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nLADY JANE OF WESTMORELAND.\n\n(Vol. i., p. 103.; Vol. ii., p. 485.)\n\n_Jane_, Countess of Henry Neville, _fifth_ Earl of Westmoreland, was\ndaughter of SIR ROGER CHOLMLEY, of Kinthorpe and Roxby, co. York. (_Vis.\nYork. Harl. MS._ 1487. _fol._ 354.) She is often confused with his other\nwife, Anne Manners, and also with her own sister, Margaret Gascoigne, both\nin the Neville and Cholmley pedigrees as _printed_. (Burke's _Extinct\nBaronetage_, art. _Cholmley_, and _Extinct Peerage_, art. _Neville_.) But\nwhile the Manners pedigree in Collins's _Peerage_ (by Longmate, vol. i. p.\n433.), as cited by Q. D., removes the former difficulty, that of Gascoigne\nis disposed of by the Cholmley pedigree in Harl. MS. above quoted, as well\nas by that (though otherwise very incorrect) in Charlton's _Whitby_, book\niii. pp. 290, 291. 313., and by the Gascoigne pedigree in Whitaker's\n_Richmondshire_, vol. i. p. 77. Thus we possess _legal and cotemporary_\nevidence who JANE, Countess of _Henry_, _fifth_ Earl of Westmoreland,\nreally was, without any authentic obstacle or unremoveable contradiction to\nits reception, viz. that she was a _Cholmley_.\n\nBut I conceive your correspondent's identification is _totally_ erroneous.\nIt is true he only puts an hypothesis on the subject; but this hypothesis\nhas no solid foundation. In the first place, Henry, fifth Earl of\nWestmoreland, died in 1549; and all authorities seem to agree that his\nfirst wife was Anne Manners, and his second Cholmley's daughter. Thus, if\neither of his countesses were living in 1585, it must have been the\n_latter_, by which means all chance of appropriation is removed from\nManners to Cholmley. But I shall now give reasons for contending that\nneither of these ladies was your correspondent's Countess of Westmoreland,\nby referring him (2ndly) to Longmate's _Collins's Peerage_, vol. i. p. 96.,\nwhere he will find that _Jane_, daughter of Henry Howard, the talented and\naccomplished Earl of Surry, married Charles Neville, _sixth_ Earl of\nWestmoreland. He has evidently passed her over, through seeing her called\n_Anne_ in the Neville pedigrees: \"Anne\" and \"Jane\" being often mutually\nmisread in old writing, from the cross upon the initial letter of the last\nname.\n\nI offer it to your correspondent's consideration, whether his \"Jane,\nCountess of Westmoreland,\" was not wife of the said Charles Neville,\n_sixth_ Earl of Westmoreland, who was attainted 18 Eliz. (1575-6). His date\nis evidently most favourable to this view. It is true the attainder stands\nin the way; but if even this affords an obstacle, the next candidate for\nappropriation would be Jane _Cholmley_. Assuming, however, that your\ncorrespondent allows this lady as a candidate for the appropriation, her\npedigree corroborates the claim. I have found, by long and minute\nobservation, that hereditary talent, &c. usually descends by the _mesmeric_\n{269} tie of affection and favoritism, from fathers to the eldest daughter,\nand from mothers to the eldest son; and the pedigree of _Jane_, Countess of\nCharles, _sixth_ Earl of Westmoreland, stands thus:--\n\n  EDWARD STAFFORD, Duke of Buckingham; great,\n  good, and accomplished, and fell a victim to envy.==\n                                                     |\n                   ----------------------------------\n                   |\n  _1st Dau._ ELIZABETH, wife of Thomas Howard, third\n  Duke of Norfolk.  ==\n                     |\n                   ---\n                   |\n  _1st Son._ HENRY HOWARD, Earl of Surry, the poet;\n  great, good, and accomplished, and fell a victim to\n  envy == as physical heir of his mat. grandfather.\n       |\n       -------\n              |\n  _1st Dau._ JANE, wife of Charles Neville, sixth Earl of\n  Westmoreland (and qu. the authoress in question?).\n\nBesides being eldest daughter of the celebrated poet, the said Jane,\nCountess of Westmoreland, was sister of Henry Howard, the learned Earl of\nNorthampton, her father's younger son--(some younger son, like eldest\ndaughters, generally inheriting, physically, in some prominent feature,\nfrom the father).\n\nWILLIAM D'OYLY BAYLEY.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nReplies to Minor Queries.\n\n_Ulm Manuscript_ (Vol. iii., pp. 60. 191.).--In addition to the information\nsupplied by MR. FOSS, it may be mentioned that this manuscript is so called\nfrom having been referred to by Griesbach as the _Codex Ulmensis apud\nGerbert_. This takes us to the _Iter Alemannicum, Italicum et Gallicum_ of\nMartin Gerbert, published in 1765, at p. 192. of which work he informs us,\nthat in the year 1760 this manuscript was preserved at Ulm in the library\nof the family of Krafft, which consisted of 6000 volumes, printed and\nmanuscript. Of its history from this period till it came into Bishop\nButler's hands, I am ignorant. Its reference at present in the British\nMuseum is _MSS. Add._ 11,852.\n\n[mu].\n\n_Father Maximilian Hell_ (Vol. iii., p. 167.).--A querist is in conscience\nbound to be a respondent; I therefore hasten to tell you that Dr. Watt\n(_Biblioth. Britan._ iv. MAGNETISM, ANIMAL) should have written _Hell_\ninstead of _Hehl_. It was that eminent astronomer, Maximilian _Hell_, who\nsupposed that magnets affected the human frame, and, at first, approved of\nMesmer's views. The latter was at Vienna in 1774; and perhaps got some\nparts of his theory from Father Hell, of whom he was afterwards jealous,\nand therefore very abusive. The life of Hell in Dr. Aikin's _General\nBiography_ is an unsatisfactory compilation drawn up by Mr. W. Johnston, to\nwhom we are indebted for the current barbarism _so-called_. In that account\nthere is not one word on Hell's _Treatise on Arti__ficial Magnets_, Vienna,\n1763; in which the germ of animal magnetism may probably be found.\n\nENGASTRIMYTHUS.\n\n_Meaning of \"strained\" as used by Shakspeare_ (Vol. iii., p. 185.).--The\ncontext of the passage quoted by L. S. explains the sense in which\nShakspeare used the word \"strain'd:\"\n\n \"_Portia._ Then _must_ the Jew be merciful.\n  _Shylock._ On what _compulsion_ must I? tell me that.\n  _Portia._ The quality of mercy is not strain'd,\" &c.\n\nthat is, there is nothing forced, nothing of compulsion in the quality of\nmercy.\n\nJohnson gives: \"To strain, to force, to constrain.\"\n\nQ. D.\n\nL. S. will find his difficulty solved by Johnson's Dictionary (a work to\nwhich he himself refers), if he compares the following quotation with\nPortia's reply to Shylock:--\n\n \"He talks and plays with Fatima, but his mirth\n  Is forced and strained,\" &c.\n\nEGDUF.\n\n    [We have also to thank, for replying to this Query, our correspondents\n    R. F., R. T. G. H., P. K., J. H. KERSHAW, C. M., Y., E. N. W., C. D.\n    LAMONT, and also MR. SNOW, who remarks that \"actresses rarely commence\n    this speech satisfactorily, or give, or seem to feel, the point of\n    contrast between the _must_ and _no must_, the _compulsion_ and _no\n    compulsion_. In fact, the whole of it is usually mouthed out, without\n    much reference to Shylock or the play, as if it had been learned by\n    rote from a school speech-book. Hazlitt says, in his _Characters of\n    Shakspeare's Plays_, 'The speech about mercy is very well, but there\n    are a thousand finer ones in Shakspeare.'\"]\n\n_Headings of Chapters in English Bibles_ (Vol. iii., p. 141.).--The\nsummaries of the contents of each chapter, as found in the authorised\neditions of our English Bible, were prefixed by Miles Smith, bishop of\nGloucester, one of the original translators, who also wrote the preface,\nand, in conjunction with Bishop Bilson, finally reviewed the whole work.\nYour correspondent will find full answers to his other queries in\nStackhouse and Tomlins; in Johnson's _History of English Translations_,\n&c.; and in T. H. Horne's _Introduction_.\n\nCOWGILL.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nMiscellaneous.\n\nNOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.\n\nThe author of _The History of the Church of Rome to the end of the\nEpiscopate of Damasus_, A.D. 384, which has just been published by Messrs.\nLongman, well remarks, \"that he is not aware that there is any account of\nthe Church of Rome, framed on the simple and obvious principle of merely\ncollecting and arranging the testimony of history with regard to facts, and\nso presented to the reader as that he should leave a right to believe that\nwhen he has read what is before him, he {270} has learnt all that is to\nknown. This is strange, considering the points at issue, and the extent,\nduration, and intensity of the controversies which have been carried on\nbetween that Church and the rest of Christendom.\" It is indeed strange, and\nit happens fortunately, looking at the all-important question which now\nagitates the public mind, that the subject should have engaged for some\nyears the attention of a learned, acute, and laborious scholar like Mr.\nShepherd, so that he is enabled to put forth the result of his inquiries\nupon this interesting topic at this moment. Mr. Shepherd's book is indeed a\nstartling one: and when we tell our readers that he \"has proved, or, to say\nthe least, has given such indications as will lead to the proof that some\ndocuments which have been quoted as authorities in the History of the Early\nChristian Church, are neither genuine nor authentic;\" that he has pretty\nwell resolved St. Cyprian into a purely mythic personage; and shown that\nall the letters in his works passed between imagined or imaginary\ncorrespondents,--we think we are justified in pronouncing his _History of\nthe Church of Rome_ a work calculated to excite the deepest interest in all\nwho peruse it (and by the omission of all long quotations in the learned\nlanguages, it is adapted for the perusal of all), to exercise great\ninfluence on the public mind, and to awaken a host of endeavours to combat\nand overthrow arguments which appear to us, however, to be irresistible.\n\nThe Council of the Shakspeare Society has just issued to the members the\nfirst volume for the present year. It contains _Two Historical Plays on the\nLife and Reign of Queen Elizabeth, by Thomas Heywood_, which are very ably\nedited, with an Introduction and Notes, by Mr. Collier; and we have no\ndoubt will be very acceptable; first, from the interest of the plays\nthemselves, the second of which appears to have been extremely popular;\nand, lastly, as a further instalment towards a complete collection of\nHeywood's dramatic works.\n\nMessrs. Sotheby and Wilkinson will sell on Tuesday and Wednesday next a\nvaluable portion of the Library of a gentleman, including the late Charles\nMathews' copy of the Second Shakspeare; a valuable series of works on\nAnnuities, &c.; and another on the History and Antiquities of London.\n\nBOOKS RECEIVED.--_Supplement on the Doctrine and Discipline of the Greek\nChurch._ We characterised Mr. Appleyard's interesting little volume,\nentitled, _The Greek Church_, as historical rather than doctrinal. The\ntitle of this Supplement shows that it expressly supplies the very material\nin which the original work was deficient.--_Archaeologia Cambrensis, New\nSeries, No. VI._ A very good number of this record of the Antiquities of\nWales and its Marches, and in which are commenced two series of papers of\ngreat interest to the Principality: one on the Architectural Antiquities of\nMonmouthshire, by Mr. Freeman; the other on the Poems of Taliessin, by Mr.\nStephens.\n\nCATALOGUES RECEIVED.--W. Brown's (46. High Holborn) Catalogue Part 52. of\nValuable Second-hand Books, Ancient and Modern;--Cole's (15. Great\nTurnstile, Holborn) List No. 33. of very Cheap Books; B. Quaritch's (16.\nCastle Street, Leicester Square) Catalogue No. 27. of Antiquarian,\nHistorical, Heraldic, Numismatic, and Topographical Books; Charles Skeet's\n(21. King William Street, Strand) List No. 2. of Miscellaneous Books just\npurchased.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nBOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE.\n\n  WOOD'S ATHENAE, by Bliss. Vol. 3. 4to.\n\n  DIBDIN'S TYPOGRAPHICAL ANTIQUITIES. Vols. 2. and 4. 4to.\n\n  NICHOLS' LITERARY ANECDOTES. Vol. 4. 8vo. 1812.\n\n  MEDE'S WORKS, by Worthington. 1664. Fol. Vol. 1.\n\n  DODD'S CATHOLIC CHURCH HISTORY. Vol. 2. Fol. edition.\n\n  WARBURTON'S (BISHOP) WORKS. 4to. edition. Vol. 1.\n\n  A MIRROR FOR MATHEMATICS, by Robert Tanner, Gent. London, 1587.\n\n*** Letters stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be\nsent to MR. BELL, Publisher of \"NOTES AND QUERIES,\" 186. Fleet Street.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nNotices to Correspondents.\n\n_We are reluctantly compelled, by want of room, to postpone until next\nweek_ MR. SINGER'S _Paper on a passage in Shakspeare's_ Anthony and\nCleopatra; _one by_ MR. DAWSON TURNER _on the Authors of the Rolliad; and\nmany other interesting communications._\n\nCROMWELL'S DEVLINGS WITH THE DEVIL. S. H. H. _is thanked for the curious\nMS. he has forwarded upon this subject, which shall appear next week, when\nthe original shall be carefully returned. We should be glad to see the\nother paper referred to by_ S. H. H.\n\nA. L. _is thanked. The only reason for the non-appearance of any of his\ncommunications is, that they were not sent_ separately, _and we have not\nhad time to make a selection. We take this opportunity of again begging\ncorrespondents who write to us on several subjects to oblige us by writing\non separate papers; and_ (_which does not refer to_ A. L.) _by writing_\nplainly, _more particularly_ proper names _and_ quotations.\n\nK. R. H. M. _Received._\n\nNOCAB _has our very best thanks for his kind letter, and his endeavours to\nincrease our circulation. We are endeavouring to arrange for a permanent\nenlargement of our paper, and propose shortly to make use of_ NOCAB'S\n_communication and valuable hint._\n\nSING'S _reminder, that Saturday last, the 29th of March, was \"the centenary\nanniversary of the death of Captain Coram, the worthy founder of the\nFoundling,\" reached us too late for us to call attention to it._\n\nMR. A. J. DUNKIN'S _communication on the subject of his proposed_ Monumenta\nAnglicana _shall have our early attention._\n\nKERRIENSIS _is thanked for several interesting communications of which we\npropose to make an early use._\n\n_Will_ L. M. M. R. _send his address? The book he wants has been reported\nto the publisher._\n\nREPLIES RECEIVED.--_Mathew's Med. Passage--San Grail--Nettle in. &c.--The\nTanthony--Treatise by Engelbert--Circulation of the Blood--Sir A.\nChadwick--Rowley Powley--Langholme Fair--Epitaph on a Turncoat--Gig\nHill--Damasked Linen--Endeavour--Meaning of Strained--Rack--Daughter of\nJames II.--Snail-eating--Munchausen's Travels--Mitre, &c.--Cloven\nTongues--\"Going the whole hog\"--Expression in Milton--Haybands in\nSeals--King John at Lincoln--Handbell--Vineyards--Mazer Wood._\n\nVOLS. I. _and_ II., _each with very copious Index, may still be had, price\n9s. 6d. each._\n\nNOTES AND QUERIES _may be procured, by order, of all Booksellers and\nNewsvenders. It is published at noon on Friday, so that our country\nSubscribers ought not to experience any difficulty in procuring it\nregularly. Many of the country Booksellers, &c. are, probably, not yet\naware of this arrangement, which will enable them to receive_ NOTES AND\nQUERIES _in their Saturday parcels._\n\n_All communications for the Editor of_ NOTES AND QUERIES _should be\naddressed to the care of_ MR. BELL, No. 186. Fleet Street.\n\n_Errata._--P. 236, Col. 2. l. 26, for _Hanse town_ read _hamlet_; p. 238,\ncol. 1. l. 27, for \"_cr_atus\" read \"_n_atus\"; p. 217, col. 1. l. 29. for\n\"Cou_n_t\" read \"Cou_r_t\"; p. 250, col. 1. l. 4, for \"_T_edley\" read\n\"_S_edley,\" col. 2. l. 23, for \"tant_us_\" read \"tant_as_.\"\n\n{271}\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nOn the 31st of March was commenced the Publication of a\n\nNATIONAL ILLUSTRATED LIBRARY,\n\nIn Monthly Volumes, each containing Three Hundred and Twenty Pages, and\nfrom Thirty to a Hundred Engravings,\n\nPrice Half-a-Crown, Beautifully Bound.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nThe Age in which we live is essentially of a _practical_ character, and the\npredominant principle influencing all classes is a marked desire for\n_cheapness_. Cheapness, however, is too often found without excellence, and\nhence this proposition to supply a deficiency at present existing in the\npopular literature of this country.\n\nFor some time past the projectors of the present undertaking have felt\ninterested in watching the result of an experiment simultaneously made by\nthe London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Book Trades; and, having seen that cheap,\nand occasionally indifferent literature, \"got up\" in a most inferior\nmanner, _will sell_, they feel assured that good and judiciously selected\nworks, having the additional advantage of COPIOUS ILLUSTRATION, being\nproduced with the utmost attention to general excellence, and published at\nthe moderate price fixed upon, cannot fail to secure extensive patronage\nfrom the Reading Public. The principle upon which they can undertake to\nsupply good books at a low rate is, that being themselves the _actual\nproducers_, they are enabled to save the public the expense of all\n_intermediate profit_.\n\nAs a practical explanation of the above views, THREE SAMPLE VOLUMES of the\n\"NATIONAL ILLUSTRATED LIBRARY\" were published on the 31st of March. It will\nbe observed that these volumes are widely different in character, in order\nthat the public may form some idea of the extent and variety of the series\ngenerally. Afterwards, one volume will be issued monthly. Each volume will\ncontain at least 320 crown octavo pages, illustrated according to the\nrequirements of the subject-matter, by from 30 to 100 illustrations, and\nwill be _strongly bound_ in ornamental cloth boards. Thus, for 30s. a year,\nin the course of a short period, a Library of great extent and interest may\nbe formed, which shall furnish materials for instruction and amusement\nduring the course of a long life.\n\nThe chief advantages which this series of works will present over all\nothers--more especially the closely printed double column editions, and the\nnew fashioned, though equally objectionable, Shilling books, with their\nnumerous errors, thin paper, and flimsy binding, are the following:--\n\n  1. A carefully Revised Text.\n  2. Judicious Explanatory Foot Notes.\n  3. Engravings really Illustrating the Text.\n  4. A new and legible Type.\n  5. Good Paper and Printing.\n  6. Strong neat Binding.\n\nIn carrying out their undertaking it will be the endeavour of the\nprojectors to bestow upon Half-crown Volumes for the _many_ the same\ntypographical accuracy, and the same artistic ability, hitherto almost\nexclusively devoted to high-priced books for the _few_. Supported by the\nco-operation of the Reading Public, no pains will be spared to provide\nevery English home with a complete treasury of knowledge and entertainment\nin the volumes of the \"NATIONAL ILLUSTRATED LIBRARY.\"\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nThe following are the Volumes which appeared on the 31st of March,\n\nBOSWELL'S LIFE OF DR. JOHNSON, VOL. I.\n\nTHE BOOK OF ENGLISH SONGS.\n\nTHE BURIED CITY OF THE EAST--NINEVEH.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nOffice of the ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, 198. Strand.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nJust published, No. VII., price 2s. 6d., imperial 4to.\n\nDETAILS of GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE, measured and drawn from existing Examples,\nby J. K. COLLING, Architect.--CONTENTS: Eastern side of Altar Screen,\nBeverley Minster; Details from ditto; Our compartment of Nave, Austrey\nChurch, Warwickshire; Clerestory and Aisle windows from ditto; Buttresses\nfrom ditto. (Continued monthly.)\n\nGEORGE BELL, Fleet Street.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nJust published, New Edition, 4to cloth, price 25s.\n\nILLUSTRATIONS of the REMAINS of ROMAN ART in CIRENCESTER, the SITE of\nANTIENT CORINIUM. By Professor BUCKMAN, F.L.S., &c., and C. H. NEWMARCH.\nEsq. Containing Plates by DE LA MOTTE, of the magnificent Tessellated\nPavements discovered in August and September, 1849, with copies of the\ngrand heads of Ceres, Flora, and Pomona, reduced by the Talbotype from\nfac-simile tracings of the original; together with various other Plates and\nnumerous Wood Engravings.\n\nCirencester: BAILY AND JONES; London: GEORGE BELL, Fleet Street.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nHARDWICK'S HISTORY OF THE ARTICLES.\n\nIn 8vo., 10s. 6d.,\n\nA HISTORY of the ARTICLES of RELIGION; to which is added a SERIES of\nDOCUMENTS, from A.D. 1536 to A.D. 1615; together with Illustrations from\nContemporary Sources. By CHARLES HARDWICK, M. A., Fellow of St. Catherine's\nHall, Cambridge, and Whitehall Preacher.\n\nRIVINGTONS, St. Paul's Churchyard, and Waterloo Place; and DEIGHTON,\nCambridge.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nSecond Edition, Now Ready, Price 3s. 6d.,\n\nTHE NUPTIALS of BARCELONA: A Tale of Priestly Frailty and Spanish Tyranny.\nBy R. N. DUNDBAR.\n\n    \"This work is powerfully written. Beauty, pathos, and great powers of\n    description are exhibited in every page. In short, it is well\n    calculated to give the author a place among the most eminent writers of\n    the day.\"--_Sunday Times._\n\nSAUNDERS and OTLEY, Publishers, Conduit Street.\n\n{272}\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nNEW BOOKS AND NEW EDITIONS.\n\nYEAST: a PROBLEM. Reprinted, with Additions and Alterations, from FRASER'S\nMAGAZINE. 9s.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nHISTORY OF MOHAMMEDANISM AND ITS SECTS. By W. COOKE TAYLOR, LL.D. Third and\nCheaper Edition. 4s.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nGREGORY OF NAZIANZUM: a Contribution to the Ecclesiastical History of the\nFourth Century. By PROFESSOR ULLMANN. Translated by G. V. COX, M.A. 6s.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nTHE PHILOSOPHY OF LIVING. By HERBERT MAYO, M.D., late Senior Surgeon to the\nMiddlesex Hospital. Third and Cheaper Edition, with Additions. 5s.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nCHEMISTRY OF FIRE, AIR, EARTH, AND WATER: an Essay, founded upon Lectures\ndelivered before the Queen. By T. GRIFFITHS, Professor of Chemistry in St.\nBartholomew's Hospital. With numerous Illustrations, Second Edition. 4s.\n6d.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nDE OBLIGATIONE CONSCIENTIAE PRAELECTIONES DECEM OXONII IN SCHOLA THEOLOGICA\nHABITAE. A ROBERTO SANDERSON, S. Theologicae Ibidem Pofessore Regio. Edited\nfor the Syndics of the Cambridge University Press. With English Notes,\nincluding an abridged Translation, by W. WHEWELL, D.D., Master of Trinity\nCollege. 9s.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nTHE EARLY PROGRESS of the GOSPEL: being the Hulsean Lectures for 1850. By\nW. G. HUMPHRY, B.D., Examining Chaplain to the Lord Bishop of London. 8vo.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nLECTURES ON THE CHARACTERS OF OUR LORD'S APOSTLES. By A COUNTRY PASTOR. 3s.\n6d.\n\nBy the same Author,\n\nLECTURES ON SCRIPTURE REVELATIONS RESPECTING GOOD AND EVIL ANGELS. 3s. 6d.\n\nVIEW OF THE SCRIPTURE REVELATIONS RESPECTING A FUTURE STATE. 5s.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nLAWS OF ECCLESIASTICAL POLITY. By RICHARD HOOKER. The First Book. 1s. 6d.\n\nThe present reprint was proposed by the editor--a master in a large public\nschool--with a view of reading it with his boys. There is, so far as he is\naware, no English book in common use in schools which at all sets forth the\ndistinctions of Laws and the foundations on which their authority is based;\nand perhaps none could be found better calculated to meet this want than\nthat which is here offered.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nBRAMPTON RECTORY; or, the LESSON OF LIFE. Second Edition. 8s. 6d.\n\nBy the same Author, 8s. 6d.\n\nCOMPTON MERIVALE: another Leaf from the LESSON OF LIFE.\n\nLondon: JOHN W. PARKER, West Strand.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nJust published, price 3d., the April No. of the\n\nBRITISH CONTROVERSIALIST.\n\n      CONTENTS:\n\n  THE ART OF REASONING:--\n    The Doctrine of the Syllogism.\n  CONTROVERSY:--\n    Is Mesmerism true?\n    Was Oliver Cromwell a first-rate General, a Great Statesman, and a\n        Sincere Man?\n    The R. C. Hierarchy, ought it to be interdicted?\n    Have the Working Classes been benefited by Machinery?\n  SOCIETIES SECTION:--\n    The Art of Public Speaking\n    Reports of Lectures and Meetings.\n  THE INQUIRER:--\n    Questions requiring Answers.\n    Answers to Questions.\n    French without a Master.\n    German and Italian Grammars.\n    Chemistry.\n    Astronomy.\n    Improvement of the Memory, &c.\n  THE YOUNG STUDENT AND WRITER'S ASSISTANT:--\n    Essays and Exercises.\n  NOTICES OF BOOKS.\n\n_\"It is unique in its design, able in its execution, and vast and noble in\nits object.\"--Leamington Courier._\n\nHOULSTON & STONEMAN, and all Booksellers.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nJust published, in One Volume, post 8vo., price 3s. 6d. cloth,\n\nREMONSTRANCE AGAINST ROMISH CORRUPTIONS IN THE CHURCH: addressed to the\nPeople and Parliament of England in 1395, 18 RIC. II. Now for the first\ntime published. Edited by the Rev. J. FORSHALL, F.R.S., &c., formerly\nFellow of Exeter College, Oxford.\n\nLondon: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, AND LONGMANS.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nJust published, in One large Volume, 8vo. price 14s. cloth.\n\nTHE HISTORY of the CHURCH of ROME, to the End of the Episcopate of Damasus,\nA.D. 384. By EDWARD JOHN SHEPHERD, A.M. Rector of Luddesdown.\n\nLondon: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, AND LONGMANS.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nTHOMAS WRIGHT, ESQ., F.S.A.\n\nThis day is published, in 2 vo's, 8vo.,\n\nNARRATIVES OF MAGIC AND SORCERY. By THOMAS WRIGHT, Esq., F.S.A., Author of\n\"England under the House of Hanover, illustrated by the Caricatures and\nSatires of the Day.\"\n\nRICHARD BENTLEY, New Burlington Street, (Publisher in Ordinary to Her\nMajesty)\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nThis day, crown 8vo cloth, price 4s. 6d.\n\nLONDON AS IT IS TO-DAY, WHERE TO GO, and WHAT TO SEE during THE GREAT\nEXHIBITION. With a Map and 300 Engravings on Wood.\n\nTHE CRYSTAL PALACE, ITS ORIGIN, HISTORY, and CONSTRUCTION. No. I. price\n11/2d. To be completed in 12 Numbers.\n\nLondon: H. G. CLARKE & CO., 4. Exeter Change.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nWESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY, 3. Parliament Street, London.\n\nVALUABLE NEW PRINCIPLE.\n\nPayment of premiums may be occasionally suspended without forfeiting the\npolicy, on a new and valuable plan, adopted by this society only, as fully\ndetailed in the prospectus.\n\nA. SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary and Secretary; Author of \"Industrial\nInvestment and Emigration; being a Second Edition of a Treatise on Benefit\nBuilding Societies, &c.\" Price 10s. 6d.\n\nLondon: J. W. PARKER, West Strand.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nPrinted by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. New\nStreet Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and\npublished by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St.\nDunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet\nStreet aforesaid.--Saturday, April 5. 1851.","title":"Notes and Queries, Number 75, April 5, 1851: A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.","tradition":"myth-cosmogony","translated_text":null,"word_count":14376}