{"collection":"myth-cosmogony","full_text_available":true,"graph_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/v2/api/page/gutenberg_30644/graph","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/v2/page/gutenberg_30644","id":"gutenberg_30644","license":"Public Domain (US)","rights_basis":"gutenberg_metadata_copyright_false","source":"gutenberg","source_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/30644","summary":null,"tags":["Category: Encyclopedias/Dictionaries/Reference","Category: Essays, Letters & Speeches","Category: History - Other","Category: Mythology, Legends & Folklore","Notes and Queries","Questions and answers -- Periodicals"],"text":"Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins\nand the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at\nhttp://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images\ngenerously made available by The Internet Library of Early\nJournals.)\n\n\n\n\n\nTranscriber's note: A few typographical errors have been corrected: they\nare listed at the end of the text.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n{341} NOTES AND QUERIES:\n\nA MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES,\nGENEALOGISTS, ETC.\n\n\"When found, make a note of.\"--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nNo. 233.]\nSATURDAY, APRIL 15. 1854.\n[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nCONTENTS.\n\n  NOTES:--                                                    Page\n  Palindrome Verses                                            343\n  Children crying at their Birth                               343\n  Unpublished Letter of Lord Nelson, by E. G. Bass             344\n\n  FOLK LORE:--Devonshire Superstitions--Quacks--Burning a\n  Tooth with Salt                                              344\n  Parallel Passages, by H. L. Temple, Cuthbert Bede, &c.       345\n\n  MINOR NOTES:--Vallancey's Green Book--Herrings--Byron and\n  Rochefoucauld--\"Abscond\"--Garlands, Broadsheets, &c.--\n  Life-belts--Turkey and Russia--\"Verbatim et literatim\"       347\n\n  QUERIES:--\n  Prints of London before the Great Fire                       348\n  Battle of Otterburn, by J. S. Warden                         348\n  De Beauvoir Pedigree, by T. R. Potter                        349\n\n  MINOR QUERIES:--Dog-whippers: Frankincense--Atchievement in\n  Yorkshire: Lipyeatt Family--\"Waestart\"--Rebellion of 1715--\n  \"Athenian Sport\"--Gutta Percha made soluble--Arms of Anthony\n  Kitchen--Griesbach Arms--Postage System of the Romans--Three\n  Crowns and Sugar-loaf--Helen MacGregor--Francis Grose the\n  Antiquary--\"King of Kings:\" Bishop Andrews' Sermons--Scroope\n  Family--Harrison the Regicide: Lowle--\"Chair\" or \"Char\"--\n  Aches--Leeming Hall--Caricature; a Canterbury Tale--Perpetual\n  Curates not represented in Convocation--Dr. Whichcote and\n  Dorothy Jordan--Moral Philosophy--Shelley's \"Prometheus\n  Unbound\"--Turkish Language                                   349\n\n  MINOR QUERIES WITH ANSWERS:--Illustrated Bible of 1527--\n  Heraldic Query--Richard de Sancto Victorie--St. Blase        352\n\n  REPLIES:--\n  Leicester as Ranger of Snowdon                               353\n  Inman Family, by T. Hughes                                   353\n  Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, by Dr. E. F. Rimbault      354\n  Hardman's Account of Waterloo                                355\n  Churches in \"Domesday Book,\" by Wm. Dobson                   355\n  Memoirs of Grammont, by W. H. Lammin                         356\n  Celtic and Latin Languages                                   356\n\n  PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE:--Box Sawdust for Collodion--\n  Proportions of Chlorides and Silver--Photographic Copies of\n  Rembrandt--Coloured Photographs                              358\n\n  REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--Dr. Eleazar Duncon--Christian\n  Names--Abigail--\"Begging the question\"--Russian Emperors--\n  Garble--Electric Telegraph--Butler's \"Lives of the Saints\"--\n  Anticipatory Use of the Cross--The Marquis of Granby, &c.    359\n\n  MISCELLANEOUS:--\n  Books and Odd Volumes wanted                                 362\n  Notices to Correspondents                                    362\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nJust Published, with ten coloured Engravings, price 5s.,\n\nNOTES ON AQUATIC MICROSCOPIC SUBJECTS OF NATURAL HISTORY, selected from the\n\"Microscopic Cabinet.\" By ANDREW PRITCHARD, M.R.I.\n\nAlso, in 8vo., pp. 720. plates 24, price 21s., or coloured, 36s.,\n\nA HISTORY OF INFUSORIAL ANIMALCULES, Living and Fossil, containing\nDescriptions of every species, British and Foreign, the methods of\nprocuring and viewing them, &c., illustrated by numerous Engravings. By\nANDREW PRITCHARD, M.R.I.\n\n    \"There is no work extant in which so much valuable information\n    concerning Infusoria (Animalcules) can be found, and every Microscopist\n    should add it to his library.\"--_Silliman's Journal._\n\nLondon: WHITTAKER & CO., Ave Maria Lane.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nJust published, 18 mo., _1s._\n\nSERMONS FOR WAYFARERS. Dedicated by permission to the Lord Bishop of Ripon,\nwith a prefatory Epistle to the Rev. Dr. Hook. By the REV. A. GATTY.\n\nLondon: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nARCHAEOLOGY OF THE STREETS OF DUBLIN, and CELTIC RECORDS OF IRELAND, ETC.\n\nFor the Series of Papers illustrating the above, see Vols. I. II. and III.\nof the \"Irish Quarterly Review.\" Price, bound, 11s. each.\n\nLondon: SIMPKIN & CO.\nDublin: W. B. KELLY.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nCATALOGUE OF VERY RARE BOOKS.--EMANUEL MAI, Bookseller of Berlin, has just\npublished a Catalogue of PRECIOUS MANUSCRIPTS, INCUNABULA, and very rare\nBooks on Theology, Philosophy, Antiquities, Philology, Education, the Fine\nArts, Bibliography, Numismatics, Engravings, and General Literature. The\nCatalogue contains 17,708 Numbers, or 80,000 Volumes, and is systematically\narranged with Bibliographical Notices. The Catalogue will be forwarded,\nPost paid, to those who will forward 2s. in Postage Stamps to MR. FRANZ\nTHIMM, Foreign Bookseller, 3. Brook Street, New Bond Street, London.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nPost Free.\n\nTHE CATTLE UPON A THOUSAND HILLS. A List of GREAT OLD ENGLISH BOOKS for\nSale, by\n\nJOHN TUPLING, 320. Strand.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nCHEAP BOOKS.--C. HILL'S CATALOGUE, No. 13., just published, including a\nlong Article on NAPOLEON. Sent Free on Application.\n\n14. KING STREET, HOLBORN.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nTHE QUARTERLY REVIEW, No. CLXXXVIII., is published THIS DAY.\n\n              CONTENTS:\n     I. LAURENCE STERNE.\n    II. SACRED GEOGRAPHY.\n   III. LORD HOLLAND'S MEMOIRS OF THE WHIG PARTY.\n    IV. THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE.\n     V. THE CRIMINAL LAW DIGEST.\n    VI. WAAGEN'S TREASURES OF ART IN BRITAIN.\n   VII. THE TURKS AND THE GREEKS.\n  VIII. THE NEW REFORM BILL.\n\nJOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nNow ready, No. VI., 2s. 6d., published Quarterly.\n\nRETROSPECTIVE REVIEW (New Series); consisting of Criticisms upon, Analyses\nof, and Extracts from, Curious, Useful, Valuable, and Scarce Old Books.\n\nVol. I., 8vo., pp. 436. cloth 10s. 6d., is also ready.\n\nJOHN RUSSELL SMITH, 36. Soho Square, London.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nPrice One Shilling,\n\nTHE NATIONAL MISCELLANY FOR APRIL contains:\n\n  1. The New Civil Service Scheme.\n  2. The Flaw in the Column.\n  3. The Labour Parliament.\n  4. An Avalanche on the Great St. Bernard.\n  5. Mediaeval London.\n  6. Saturday Night.\n  7. The Weekly Periodicals.\n  8. Sea Life and Sea Literature.\n  9. Notices.\n  10. Poetry.\n\nAt the OFFICE, No. 1. Exeter Street, Strand, London.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nForwarded Free on receipt of 30 Postage Stamps.\n\nARCHITECTURAL BOTANY; setting forth the Geometrical Distribution of\nFoliage, Flowers, Fruit. &c., with 20 Original Designs for decorating\nCornices, Spandrils, Crosses, Corbels, Capitals, Bosses, Panels, &c. By\nW. P. GRIFFITH, F.S.A., F.R.I.B.A.\n\n*** Part II. nearly ready.\n\nLondon: 9. St. John's Square.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nOn April 30th will be published, in fcp. 8vo., boards, price 1s. 6d.\n\nADVENTURES OF A BASHFUL IRISHMAN. By W. F. DEACON, Author of \"Annette,\"\n\"Vincent Eden,\" &c.\n\n    *** The late Judge Talfourd, in his Memoir of Mr. Deacon, calls this\n    humorous Tale \"A pleasant history of an Irish Gil Blas, containing\n    satirical notices of prominent Irish Patriots, and a description of an\n    Irish Trial, in which there is a vivid and extremely amusing caricature\n    of O'Connell.\"\n\nLondon: DAVID BRYCE, 48. Paternoster Row.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n{342}\n\nARCHAEOLOGICAL WORKS BY JOHN YONGE AKERMAN,\n\nFELLOW AND SECRETARY OF THE SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES OF LONDON.\n\nAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL INDEX to Remains of Antiquity of the Celtic,\nRomano-British, and Anglo-Saxon Periods. 1 vol. 8vo., price 15s. cloth,\nillustrated by numerous Engravings, comprising upwards of five hundred\nobjects.\n\nA NUMISMATIC MANUAL. 1 vol. 8vo., price One Guinea.\n\n    *** The Plates which illustrate this Volume are upon a novel plan, and\n    will, at a glance, convey more information regarding the types of\n    Greek, Roman, and English Coins, than can be obtained by many hours'\n    careful reading. Instead of a fac-simile Engraving being given of that\n    which is already an enigma to the tyro, the most striking and\n    characteristic features of the Coin are dissected and placed by\n    themselves, so that the eye soon becomes familiar with them.\n\nA DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE of Rare and Unedited Roman Coins, from the Earliest\nPeriod to the taking of Rome under Constantine Paleologos. 2 vols. 8vo.,\nnumerous Plates, 30s.\n\nCOINS OF THE ROMANS relating to Britain, 1 vol. 8vo. Second Edition, with\nan entirely new set of Plates, price 10s. 6d.\n\nANCIENT COINS of CITIES and Princes, Geographically arranged and described,\ncontaining the Coins of Hispania, Gallia, and Britannia, with Plates of\nseveral hundred examples. 1 vol. 8vo., price 18s.\n\nNEW TESTAMENT, Numismatic Illustrations of the Narrative Portions of\nthe.--Fine paper, numerous Woodcuts from the original Coins in various\nPublic and Private Collections. 1 vol. 8vo., price 5s. 6d.\n\nAN INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY of ANCIENT and MODERN COINS. In 1 vol. fcp.\n8vo., with numerous Wood Engravings from the original Coins, price 6s. 6d.\ncloth.\n\nCONTENTS:--Section 1. Origin of Coinage--Greek Regal Coins. 2. Greek Civic\nCoins. 3. Greek Imperial Coins. 4. Origin of Roman Coinage--Consular Coins.\n5. Roman Imperial Coins. 6. Roman British Coins. 7. Ancient British\nCoinage. 8. Anglo-Saxon Coinage. 9. English Coinage from the Conquest. 10.\nScotch Coinage. 11. Coinage of Ireland. 12. Anglo-Gallic Coins. 13.\nContinental Money in the Middle Ages. 14. Various Representatives of\nCoinage. 15. Forgeries in Ancient and Modern Times. 16. Table of Prices of\nEnglish Coins realised at Public Sales.\n\nTRADESMEN'S TOKENS, struck in London and its Vicinity, from the year 1648\nto 1672 inclusive. Described from the Originals in the Collection of the\nBritish Museum, &c. 15s.\n\nREMAINS OF PAGAN SAXONDOM, principally from Tumuli in England. Publishing\nin 4to., in Numbers, at 2s. 6d. With coloured Plates.\n\nA GLOSSARY OF PROVINCIAL WORDS and PHRASES in Use in Wiltshire. 12mo., 3s.\n\nTHE NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE is published Quarterly. Price 3s. 6d. each Number.\n\nJOHN RUSSELL SMITH, 36. Soho Square, London.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nTHE TOPOGRAPHER & GENEALOGIST,\n\nEDITED BY JOHN GOUGH NICHOLS, F.S.A.\n\n_The XIIIth Part of this Work is now published, price_ 3s. 6d.,\n_containing_:\n\nSome Account of the Manor of Apuldrefield, in the Parish of Cudham, Kent,\nby G. Steinman Steinman, Esq., F.S.A.\n\nPetition to Parliament from the Borough of Wotton Basset, in the reign of\nCharles I., relative to the right of the Burgesses to Free Common of\nPasture in Fasterne Great Park.\n\nMemoranda in Heraldry, from the MS. Pocket-books of Peter Le Neve, Norroy\nKing of Arms.\n\nWas William of Wykeham of the Family of Swalcliffe? By Charles Wykeham\nMartin, Esq., M.P., F.S.A.\n\nAccount of Sir Toby Caulfield rendered to the Irish Exchequer, relative to\nthe Chattel Property of the Earl of Tyrone and other fugitives from Ulster\nin the year 1616, communicated by James F. Ferguson, Esq., of the Exchequer\nRecord Office, Dublin.\n\nIndenture enumerating various Lands in Cirencester, 4 Hen. VII. (1489).\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nTwo Volumes of this Work are now completed, which are published in cloth\nboards, price Two Guineas, or in Twelve Parts, price 3s. 6d. each. Among\nits more important articles are--\n\n    Descent of the Earldom of Lincoln, with Introductory   Observations on\n    the Ancient   Earldoms of England, by the Editor.\n\n    On the Connection of Arderne, or Arden, of   Cheshire, with the Ardens\n    of Warwickshire.   By George Ormerod, Esq., D.C.L., F.S.A.\n\n    Genealogical Declaration respecting the Family   of Norres, written by\n    Sir William Norres, of   Speke, co. Lanc. in 1563; followed by an\n    abstract   of charters, &c.\n\n    The Domestic Chronicle of Thomas Godfrey,   Esq., of Winchelsea, &c.,\n    M.P., the father of   Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey, finished in 1655.\n\n    Honywood Evidences, compiled previously to  1620, edited by B. W.\n    Greenfield, Esq.\n\n    The Descendants of Mary Honywood at her   death in 1620.\n\n    Marriage Settlements of the Honywoods.\n\n    Pedigrees of the families of Arden or Arderne,   Arundell of Aynho,\n    Babington, Barry, Bayley,   Bowet, Browne, Burton of Coventry,\n    Clarke, Clerke, Clinton, Close, Dabridgecourt,   Dakyns or Dakeynes,\n    D'Oyly, Drew,   FitzAlan, Fitzherbert, Franceis, Fremingham,   Gyll,\n    Hammond, Harlakenden, Heneage,   Hirst, Honywood, Hodilow, Holman,\n    Horde, Hustler, Isley, Kirby, Kynnersley,   Marche, Marston, Meynell,\n    Norres, Peirse,   Pimpe, Plomer, Polhill or Polley, Pycheford,\n    Pitchford, Pole or De la Pole, Preston, Viscount   Tarah, Thexton,\n    Tregose, Turner of   Kirkleatham, Ufford, Walerand, Walton, and   Yate.\n\n    The Genealogies of more than ninety families   of Stockton-upon-Tees,\n    by Wm. D'Oyly   Bayley, Esq., F.S.A.\n\n    Sepulchral Memorials of the English at Bruges   and Caen.\n\n    Many original Charters, several Wills, and   Funeral Certificates.\n\n    Survey, temp. Philip and Mary, of the Manors   of Crosthole, Landren,\n    Landulph, Lightdurrant,   Porpehan and Tynton, in Cornwall;\n    Aylesbeare and Whytford, co. Devon; Ewerne   Courtenay, co. Dorset;\n    Mudford and Hinton,   West Coker, and Stoke Courcy, co. Somerset;\n    Rolleston, co. Stafford; and Corton, co.   Wilts.\n\n    Survey of the Marshes of the Medway, temp.   Henry VIII.\n\n    A Description of Cleveland, addressed to Sir   Thomas Chaloner, temp.\n    James I.\n\n    A Catalogue of the Monumental Brasses, ancient   Monuments, and Painted\n    Glass existing   in the Churches of Bedfordshire, with all   Names and\n    Dates.\n\n    Catalogue of Sepulchral Monuments in Suffolk,   throughout the hundreds\n    of Babergh,   Blackbourn, Blything, Bosmere and Claydon,   Carlford,\n    Colnies, Cosford, Hartismere,   Hoxne, Town of Ipswich, Hundreds of\n    Lackford   and Loes. By the late D. E. Davy, Esq.,   of Ufford.\n\n    Published by J. B. NICHOLS & SONS, 25.   Parliament Street,\n    Westminster; where may   be obtained, on application, a fuller abstract\n    of the contents of these volumes, and also of   the \"Collectanea\n    Topographica et Genealogica,\"   now complete in Eight Volumes.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nWORKS BY THE REV. DR. MAITLAND.\n\nTHE DARK AGES; being a Series of ESSAYS intended to illustrate the State of\nRELIGION and LITERATURE in the 9th, 10th, 11th, and 12th Centuries.\nReprinted from the \"British Magazine,\" with Corrections, and some\nAdditions; uniformly with the present Volume. Third Edition. 10s. 6d.\n\nESSAYS on Subjects connected with the REFORMATION IN ENGLAND. Reprinted,\nwith Additions, from the \"British Magazine.\" 13s.\n\nERUVIN; or MISCELLANEOUS ESSAYS on Subjects connected with the NATURE,\nHISTORY, and DESTINY of MAN. Second Edition. In small 8vo. 5s.\n\nEIGHT ESSAYS on various Subjects. In small 8vo. 4s. 6d.\n\nA LETTER to the REV. DR. MILL, containing some STRICTURES on MR. FABER'S\nrecent Work, entitled \"The Ancient Vallenses and Albigenses.\" 8vo. 1s. 6d.\n\nTHE VOLUNTARY SYSTEM. New Edition. Small 8vo. 5s. 6d.\n\nNOTES on the CONTRIBUTIONS of the REV. GEORGE TOWNSEND, M.A., Canon of\nDurham, to the New Edition of FOX'S MARTYROLOGY. In Three Parts: 1. On the\nMemoir of Fox, ascribed to his Son. 2. Puritan Thaumaturgy. 3. Historical\nAuthority of Fox. 8vo. 8s. 6d.\n\nREMARKS on the REV. S. R. CATTLEY'S DEFENCE of his Edition of FOX'S\nMARTYROLOGY. 8vo. 2s. 6d.\n\nTWELVE LETTERS ON FOX'S ACTS and MONUMENTS. Reprinted from the \"British\nMagazine.\" 8vo. 6s.\n\nA REVIEW of FOX'S HISTORY of the WALDENSES. 8vo. 1s. 6d.\n\nA LETTER to the REV. HUGH JAMES ROSE, B.D., Chaplain to His Grace the\nArchbishop of Canterbury; with STRICTURES on MILNER'S CHURCH HISTORY. 8vo.\n1s. 6d.\n\nA SECOND LETTER to the REV. HUGH JAMES ROSE, B.D.; containing NOTES on\nMILNER'S HISTORY of the CHURCH in the FOURTH CENTURY. 8vo. 2s. 6d.\n\nA LETTER to the REV. JOHN KING, M.A., Incumbent of Christ's Church, Hull;\noccasioned by his PAMPHLET, entitled \"Maitland not authorised to censure\nMilner.\" 8vo. 2s. 6d.\n\nREMARKS on that Part of the REV. J. KING'S PAMPHLET, entitled \"Maitland not\nauthorised to censure Milner,\" which relates to the WALDENSES, including a\nReply to the REV. G. S. FABER'S SUPPLEMENT, entitled \"Reinerius and\nMaitland.\" 8vo. 2s. 6d.\n\nAn INDEX of such ENGLISH BOOKS printed before the year MDC. as are now in\nthe Archiepiscopal Library at Lambeth. 8vo. 4s.\n\nRIVINGTONS, Waterloo Place, Pall Mall.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n{343}\n\n_LONDON, SATURDAY, APRIL_ 15, 1854.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nNotes.\n\nPALINDROME VERSES.\n\nBOEOTICUS inquires (Vol. vi., p 209.) whence comes the line--\n\n \"Roma tibi subito motibus ibit amor.\"\n\nIn p. 352. of the same volume W. W. T. (quoting from D'Israeli's\n_Curiosities of Literature_ a passage which supplies the hexameter\ncompleting the distich, and attributes the verses to Sidonius Apollinaris)\nasks where may be found a legend which represents the two lines to have\nformed part of a dialogue between the fiend, under the form of a mule, and\na monk, who was his rider. B. H. C., at p. 521. of the same volume, sends a\npassage from the _Dictionnaire Litteraire_, giving the complete distich:\n\n \"Signa te, signa, temere me tangis et angis.\n  Roma tibi subito motibus ibit amor,\"\n\nand attributing it to the devil, but without supplying any more authentic\nparentage for the lines. The following Note will contribute a fact or two\nto the investigation of the subject; but I shall be obliged to conclude by\nreiterating the original Query of BOEOTICUS, Who was the real author of the\nlines?\n\nIn a little work entitled _A Summer in Brittany_, published by me in 1840,\nmay be found (at p. 99. of vol. i.) a legend, which relates how one Jean\nPatye, canon of Cambremer, in the chapter of Bayeux, rode the devil to\nRome, for the purpose of there chanting the epistle at the midnight mass at\nChristmas, according to the tenor of an ancient bond, which obliged the\nchapter to send one of their number yearly to Rome for that purpose. This\nstory I met with in a little volume, entitled _Contes populaires, Prejuges,\nPatois, Proverbes de l'Arrondissement de Bayeux, recueillis et publies_,\npar F. Pluquet, the frontispiece of which consists of a sufficiently\ngraphic representation of the worthy canon's feat. Pluquet concludes his\nnarrative by stating that--\n\n    \"Etienne Tabourot dans ses _Bigarrures_, publiees sous le nom du\n    _Seigneur des Accords_, rapporte que c'est a Saint Antide que le\n    diable, qui le portait a Rome sur son dos, adresse le distique latin\n    dont il est question ci-dessus.\"\n\nIt should seem that this trick of _carrying people to Rome_ was attributed\nto the devil, by those conversant with his habits, in other centuries\nbesides the nineteenth.\n\nI have not here the means of looking at the work to which Pluquet refers;\nbut if any of your correspondents, who live in more bookish lands than\nthis, will do so, they may perchance obtain some clue to the original\nauthorship of the lines; for in Sidonius Apollinaris I cannot find them.\nThe only edition of his works to which I have the means of referring is the\nquarto of Adrien Perrier, Paris, 1609. Among the verses contained in that\nvolume, I think I can assert that the lines in question are not. We all\nknow that the worthy author of the _Curiosities of Literature_ cannot be\nmuch depended upon for accuracy.\n\nOnce again, then, Who was the author of this specimen, perhaps the most\nperfect extant, of palindromic absurdity?\n\nT. A. T.\n\nFlorence.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nCHILDREN CRYING AT THEIR BIRTH.\n\n    \"When I was born, I drew in the common air, and fell upon the earth,\n    which is of like nature, _and the first voice which I uttered was\n    crying, as all others do_.\"--_Wisd._ vii. 3.\n\n \"Tum porro Puer, ut saevis projectus ab undis\n  Navita, _nudus, humi jacet_, Infans, indigus omni\n  Vitali auxilio; cum primum in luminis oras\n  Nixibus ex alvo matris natura profudit:\n  _Vagituque locum lugubri complet_, ut aequum est,\n  Cui tantum in vita restet transire malorum.\"\n                  _Lucret. De Rer. Nat._, v. 223.\n\nFor the benefit of the lady-readers of \"N. & Q.\" I subjoin a translation of\nthese beautiful lines of Lucretius:\n\n    \"The infant, as soon as Nature with great pangs of travail hath sent it\n    forth from the womb of its mother into the regions of light, lies, like\n    a sailor cast out from the waves, _naked upon the earth_ in utter want\n    and helplessness; _and fills every place around with mournful wailings_\n    and piteous lamentation, as is natural for one who has so many ills of\n    life in store for him, so many evils which he must pass through and\n    suffer.\"\n\n \"Thou must be patient: we came crying hither;\n  Thou know'st, the first time that we smell the air,\n  We wawle and cry--\n  When we are born, we cry that we are come\n  To this great stage of fools.\"--Shakspeare's _Lear_.\n\n    \"Who remindeth me of the sins of my infancy? 'For in Thy sight none is\n    pure from sin, not even the infant whose life is but a day upon the\n    earth.' (Job xxv. 4.) Who remindeth me? Doth not each little infant, in\n    whom I see what of myself I remember not? What then was my sin? Was it\n    that I _hung upon the breast and cried_?\"--St. Austin, _Confess._, lib.\n    i. 7.\n\n    \"For man's sake it should seeme that Nature made and produced all other\n    creatures besides; though this great favour of hers, so bountifull and\n    beneficiall in that respect, hath cost them full deere. Insomuch as it\n    is hard to judge, whether in so doing she hath done the part of a kind\n    mother, or a hard and cruell stepdame. For first and foremost, of all\n    other living creatures, man she hath brought forth all naked, and\n    cloathed him with the good and riches of others. To all the rest she\n    hath given sufficient to clad them everie {344} one according to their\n    kind; as namely shells, cods, hard hides, prickes, shagge, bristles,\n    haire, downe, feathers, quils, skailes, and fleeces of wool. The verie\n    trunkes and stemmes of trees and plants, shee hath defended with bark\n    and rind, yea, and the same sometime double against the injuries both\n    of heat and cold: man alone, poore wretch, she hath laid _all naked\n    upon the bare earth, even on his birth-day, to cry and wraule presently\n    from the very first houre that he is borne into this world_: in suche\n    sort as, _among so many living creatures, there is none subject to shed\n    teares and weepe like him. And verily to no babe or infant is it given\n    once to laugh before he be fortie daies old_, and that is counted verie\n    early and with the soonest.... The child of man thus untowardly borne,\n    and who another day is to rule and command all other, loe how he lyeth\n    bound hand and foot, weeping and crying, and beginning his life with\n    miserie, as if he were to make amends and satisfaction by his\n    punishment unto Nature, for this onely fault and trespass, that he is\n    borne alive.\"--Plinie's _Naturall Historie_, by Phil. Holland, Lond.\n    1601, fol., intr. to b. vii.\n\nThe following queries are extracted from Sir Thomas Browne's \"Common-place\nBooks,\" _Aristotle, Lib. Animal._:\n\n    \"Whether till after forty days children, though they cry, weep not; or,\n    as Scaliger expresseth it, 'Vagiunt sed oculis siccis.'\n\n    \"Whether they laugh not upon tickling?\n\n    \"Why, though some children have been heard to cry in the womb, _yet so\n    few cry at their birth_, though their heads be out of the\n    womb?\"--Bohn's ed. iii. 358.\n\nThompson follows Pliny, and says that man is \"taught _alone_ to weep\"\n(\"Spring,\" 350.); but--not to speak of the\n\n                 \"Cruel crafty crocodile,\n  Which, in false grief hiding his harmful guile,\n  Doth weep full sore and sheddeth tender tears,\"\n\nas Spenser sings--the camel weeps when over-loaded, and the deer when\nchased sobs piteously. Thompson himself in a passage he has stolen from\nShakspeare, makes the stag weep:\n\n                  ----\"he stands at bay;\n  _The big round tears_ run down his dappled face;\n  He groans in anguish.\"--Autumn, 452.\n\n    \"Steller relates this of the _Phoca Ursina_, Pallas of the camel, and\n    Humboldt of a small American monkey.\"--Laurence _On Man_, Lond. 1844,\n    p. 161.\n\nRisibility, and a sense of the ridiculous, is generally considered to be\nthe property of man, though _Le Cat_ states that he has seen a chimpanzee\nlaugh.\n\nThe notion with regard to a child crying at baptism has been already\ntouched on in these pages, Vol. vi., p. 601.; Vol. vii., p. 96.\n\nGrose (quoted in Brand) tells us there is a superstition that a child who\ndoes not cry when sprinkled in baptism will not live; and the same is\nrecorded in Hone's _Year-Book_.\n\nEIRIONNACH.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nUNPUBLISHED LETTER OF LORD NELSON.\n\nThe following letter of Lord Nelson may, especially at the present moment,\ninterest and amuse some of the readers of \"N. & Q.\" The original is in my\npossession, and was given me by the late Miss Churchey of Brecon, daughter\nof the gentleman to whom it was addressed. Can any of your readers inform\nme where the \"old lines\" quoted by the great hero are to be found?\n\nE. G. BASS.\n\nRyde, Isle of Wight.\n\nMerton, Oct. 20, 1802.\n\nSir,\n\nYour idea is most just and proper, that a provision should be made for\nmidshipmen who have served a certain time with good characters, and\ncertainly twenty pounds is a very small allowance; but how will your\nsurprise be increased, when I tell you that their _full_ pay, when\nwatching, fighting and bleeding for their country at sea, is not equal to\nthat sum. An admiral's half-pay is scarcely equal, including the run of a\nkitchen, to that of a French cook; a captain's but little better than a\nvalet's; and a lieutenant's certainly not equal to a London footman's; a\nmidshipman's nothing. But as I am a seaman, and faring with them, I can say\nnothing. I will only apply some very old lines wrote at the end of some\nformer war:\n\n   \"Our God and sailor we adore,\n    In time of danger, not before;\n  The danger past, both are alike requited,\n  God is forgotten, and the sailor slighted.\"\n\nYour feelings do you great honour, and I only wish all others in the\nkingdom were the same. However, if ever I should be placed in a situation\nto be useful to such a deserving set of young men as our mids, nothing\nshall be left undone which may be in the power of,\n\n          Dear Sir,\n              Your most obedient servant,\n                      NELSON AND BRONTE.\n\n  Walton Churchey, Esq.,\n    Brecon, S. Wales.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nFOLK LORE.\n\n_Devonshire Superstitions._--Seeing that you sometimes insert extracts from\nnewspapers, I forward you a copy of a paragraph which appeared in _The\nTimes_ of March 7, 1854, and which is worth a corner in your folk-lore\ncolumns:\n\n    \"The following gross case of superstition, which occurred as late as\n    Sunday se'nnight, in one of the largest {345} market towns in the north\n    of Devon, is related by an eye-witness:--A young woman, living in the\n    neighbourhood of Holsworthy, having for some time past been subject to\n    periodical fits of illness, endeavoured to effect a cure by attendance\n    at the afternoon service at the parish church, accompanied by thirty\n    young men, her near neighbours. Service over, she sat in the porch of\n    the church, and each of the young men, as they passed out in\n    succession, dropped a penny into her lap; but the last, instead of a\n    penny, gave her half-a-crown, taking from her the twenty-nine pennies\n    which she had already received. With this half-crown in her hand, she\n    walked three times round the communion-table, and afterwards had it\n    made into a ring, by the wearing of which she believes she will recover\n    her health.\"\n\nHAUGHMOND ST. CLAIR.\n\n_Quacks._--In the neighbourhood of Sevenoaks, Kent, a little girl was\nbitten by a mad dog lately. Instead of sending for the doctor, her father\nposted off to an old woman famous for her treatment of hydrophobia. The old\nwoman sent a quart bottle of some dark liquid, which the patient is to take\ntwice or thrice daily: and for this the father, though but a poor labourer,\nhad to pay one pound. The liquid is said by the \"country sort\" to be\ninfallible. It is made of herbs plucked by the old woman, and mixed with\nmilk. Its preparation is of course a grand secret. As yet, the child keeps\nwell.\n\nNear Whitechapel, London, is another old woman, equally famous; but her\npeculiar talent is not for hydrophobia, but for scalds. Whenever any of the\nGermans employed in the numerous sugar-refineries in that neighbourhood\nscald themselves, they beg, instead of being sent to the hospital, to be\ntaken to the old woman. For a few sovereigns, she will take them in, nurse,\nand cure them; and I was informed by a proprietor of a large sugar-house\nthere, that often in a week she will heal a scald as thoroughly as the\nhospital will in a month, and send the men back hearty and fit for work to\nboot. She uses a good deal of linseed-oil, I am told; but her great secret,\nthey say, is, that she gives the whole of her time and attention to the\npatient.\n\nP. M. M.\n\nTemple.\n\n_Burning a Tooth with Salt._--Can any one tell us whence originates the\ncustom, very scrupulously observed by many amongst the common people, when\na tooth has been taken out, of burning it--generally with salt?\n\nTWO SURGEONS.\n\nHalf Moon Street.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nPARALLEL PASSAGES.\n\n \"The wine of life is drawn, and the mere lees\n  Is left this vault to brag of.\"--_Macbeth_, Act II. Sc. 3.\n\n \"These spells are spent, and, spent with these,\n  The wine of life is on the lees.\"--_Marmion_, introd. to canto i.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n    \"The _old_ and true saying, that a man is generally more inclined to\n    feel kindly towards one on whom he has conferred favours than towards\n    one from whom he has received them.\"--Macaulay, _Essay on Bacon_,\n    p. 367. (1-vol. edit.)--Query, whose saying?\n\n    \"On s'attache par les services qu'on rend, bien plus qu'on n'est\n    attache par les services qu'on recoit. C'est qu'il y a, dans le coeur\n    de l'homme, bien plus d'orgueil que de reconnaissance.\"--Alex. Dumas,\n    _La Comtesse de Charny_, II. ch. iii.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n \"But earthlier happy is the rose distilled\n  Than that, which, withering on the virgin thorn,\n  Grows, lives, and dies in single blessedness.\"--_Midsum. Night's Dream_,\n      Act I. Sc. 1.\n\n    \"_Maria._ Responde tu mihi vicissim:--utrum spectaculum amoenius: rosa\n    nitens et lactea in suo frutice, an decerpta digitis ac paulatim\n    marcescens?\n\n    \"_Pamphilus._ Ego rosam existimo feliciorem quae marcescit in hominis\n    manu, delectans interim et oculos et nares, quam quae senescit in\n    frutice.\"--Erasmus, _Procus et Puella_.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n \"And spires whose silent finger points to heaven.\" (?)\n\n \"And the white spire that points a world of rest.\"--Mrs. Sigourney,\n     _Connecticut River_.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n \"She walks the waters _like a thing of life_.\"--_Byron._\n\n             \"The master bold,\n    The high-soul'd and the brave,\n  Who ruled her _like a thing of life_\n    Amid the crested wave.\"--Mrs. Sigourney, _Bell of the Wreck_.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n \"Thy heroes, tho' the general doom\n  Have swept the column from the tomb,\n  A mightier monument command,--\n  The mountains of their native land!\"--_Byron._\n\n \"Your mountains build their monument,\n  Tho' ye destroy their dust.\"--Mrs. Sigourney, _Indian Names_.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n \"Else had I heard the steps, tho' low\n  And light they fell, as when earth receives,\n  In morn of frost, the wither'd leaves\n    That drop when no winds blow.\"--Scott, _Triermain_, i. _5._\n\n \"Dropp'd, like shed blossoms, silent to the grass.\"--Hood, _Mids.\n     Fairies_, viii.\n\n \"There is sweet music here that softer falls\n  Than petals from blown roses on the grass.\"--Tennyson, _Lotos-eaters_.\n\n{346}\n\n \"Two such I saw, what time the labour'd ox\n  In his loose traces from the furrow came.\"--Milton, _Comus_.\n\n \"While labouring oxen, spent with toil and heat,\n  In their loose traces from the field retreat.\"--Pope, _Pastoral_, iii.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n \"It is the curse of kings, to be attended\n  By slaves that take their humours for a warrant\n  To break into the bloody house of life,\n  And, on the winking of authority,\n  To understand a law: to know the meaning\n  Of dangerous majesty, when perchance it frowns\n  More upon humour than advised respect.\"--_King John_, Act IV. Sc. 2.\n\n                 \"O curse of kings!\n  Infusing a dread life into their words,\n  And linking to the sudden transient thought\n  The unchangeable, irrevocable deed!\"--Coleridge, _Death of Wallenstein_,\n      v. 9.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n \"Conscience!   .    .    .    .    .    .\n  Your lank jawed, hungry judge will dine upon 't,\n  And hang the guiltless rather than eat his mutton cold.\"--C. Cibber,\n      _Richard III_.\n\n \"The hungry judges soon the sentence sign,\n  And wretches hang that jurymen may dine.\"--Pope, _Rape of the Lock_, iii.\n      21.\n\nHARRY LEROY TEMPLE.\n\n\"Death and his brother Sleep.\" Quoted (from Shelley) with parallel passages\nfrom Sir T. Browne, Coleridge, and Byron in \"N. & Q.,\" Vol. iv., p. 435.\nAdd to them the following:\n\n \"Care-charmer Sleep, son of the sable Night,\n  Brother to Death, in silent darkness born.\"\n\n_Samuel Daniel_, Spenser's successor as \"voluntary Laureate.\"\n\n \"Care-charming Sleep, thou easer of all woes,\n  Brother to Death.\"--Fletcher, _Valentinian_.\n\n \"The death of each day's life.\"--Shakspeare, _Macbeth_, Act II. Sc. 2.\n\n \"Teach me to live, that I may dread\n  The grave as little as my bed.\"--_Bishop Ken._\n\n \"We thought her sleeping when she died;\n  And dying, when she slept.\"--_Hood._\n\n \"Somne levis, quanquam certissima mortis imago\n    Consortem cupio te tamen esse tori;\n  Alma quies, optata, veni, nam sic sine vita\n    Vivere quam suave est; sic sine morte mori.\"--_T. Warton._\n          [_Finely translated by Wolcot._]\n \"Come, gentle sleep! attend thy vot'ry's pray'r,\n  And, though Death's image, to my couch repair;\n  How sweet, though lifeless, yet with life to lie,\n  And, without dying, oh, how sweet to die!\"\n\n \"While sleep the weary world reliev'd,\n  By counterfeiting death revived.\"--Butler, _Hudibras_.\n\n \"Shake off this downy sleep, death's counterfeit,\n  And look on death itself!\"--Shakspeare, _Macbeth_, Act II. Sc. 3.\n\n \"Nature, alas! why are thou so\n  Obliged unto thy greatest foe?\n  Sleep that is thy best repast,\n  Yet of death it bears a taste,\n  And both are the same things at last.\"--Dennis, _Sophonisba_.\n\n       \"Great Nature's second course,\n  Chief nourisher in life's feast.\"--Shakspeare, _Macbeth_, Act II. Sc. 2.\n\nCUTHBERT BEDE, B.A.\n\n    \"Nothing doth countervail a faithful friend.\"--_Ecclesias._ vi. 15.\n\n \"Nil ego contulerim jucundo sanus amico.\"--Hor. _Sat._ v. 44.\n\n    \"If thou wouldst get a friend, _prove him_ first, and be not hasty to\n    credit him.\"--_Ecclesias._ v. 7.\n\n    \"_Diu cogita_, an tibi in amicitiam aliquis recipiendus sit: cum\n    placuerit fieri, toto illum pectore admitte: tam audacter cum illo\n    loquere, quam tecum.\"--Seneca, _Epist._ iii.\n\n    \"Quid dulcius, quam habere amicum quicum omnia audeas sic loquere quam\n    tecum.\"--Cic., _de Amic._ 6.\n\n \"The friends thou hast, and their _adoption tried_,\n  Grapple them to thy heart with hoops of steel.\"\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n \"But do not dull thy palm with entertainment\n  Of each new-hatch'd, unfledg'd comrade.\"--Shakspeare, _Hamlet_, Act I.\n      Sc. 3.\n\n    \"Bring not every man into thy house.\"--_Ecclesias._ vi. 7.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n    \"A man's attire, and excessive laughter, and gait, show what he\n    is.\"--_Ecclesias._ xix. 30.\n\n \"---- The apparel oft proclaims the man.\"--_Hamlet_, Act I. Sc. 3.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n \"Unus Pellaeo juveni non sufficit orbis:\n  AEstuat infelix angusto limite mundi,\n  Ut Gyarae clausus scopulis, parvaque Seripho.\"--_Juv._ x. 168.\n\n    \"_Hamlet._ What have you, my good friends, deserved at the hands of\n    fortune, that she sends you to prison here?\n\n    _Guildenstern._ Prison, my lord!\n\n    _Ham._ Denmark's a prison.\n\n    _Rosencrantz._ Then is the _world_ one.\n\n    _Ham._ A goodly one, in which there are many confines, wards, and\n    dungeons; Denmark being one of the worst.\n\n    _Ros._ We think not so, my lord.\n\n    _Ham._ Why, then, 'tis none to you; for there is nothing either good or\n    bad, but thinking makes it so: to me it is a prison.\n\n    _Ros._ Why, then, your ambition makes it one; 'tis too narrow for your\n    mind.\"--Shakspeare, _Hamlet_, Act II. Sc. 2.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n{347}\n\n    \"Ad hanc legem natus es; hoc patri tuo accidit, hoc matri, hoc\n    majoribus, hoc omnibus ante te, hoc omnibus post te, series invicta, et\n    nulla mutabilis ope, illigat ac trahit cuncta.\"\n\n \"_King._ ---- You must know, your father lost a father;\n  That father lost--lost his;   .    .    .\n    .    .    .    .    .    .    .    .\n  To reason most absurd, whose common theme\n  Is death of fathers, and who still hath cry'd,\n  From the first corse, 'till he that died to-day,\n  _This must be so_.\"--_Hamlet_, Act I. Sc. 2.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n    \"[Greek: Apo de tou me echontos],\" &c.--_Ante_, Vol. viii., p. 372.\n\n    \"Besides this, _nothing_ that he so plentifully gives me.\"--Shakspeare,\n    _As You Like It_, Act I. Sc. 1.\n\nJ. W. F.\n\nHaving observed several Notes in different Numbers of your interesting\npublication, in which sentences have been quoted from the works of ancient\nand modern authors that are almost alike in words, or contain the same\nideas clothed in different language, I would only add, that those of your\nreaders or correspondents who take an interest in such inquiries will find\ninstances enough, in a work which was published in Venice in 1624, to fill\nseveral columns of \"N. & Q.\" The volume is entitled _Il Seminario de\nGoverni di Stato, et di Guerra_.\n\nW. W.\n\nMalta.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nMinor Notes.\n\n_Vallancey's Green Book._--Perhaps your readers are not aware of the\nexistence of the curious and interesting volume mentioned in the following\ncutting from Jones's last _Catalogue_ (D'Olier St. Dublin). It may\ntherefore be worth making a note of in your columns:\n\n    \"1008. Vallancey's Green Book, _manuscript, folio_.\n\n    *** Vallancey's Green Book, so named from being bound in green vellum,\n    was the volume in which the celebrated Irish antiquary, General Charles\n    Vallancey, entered the titles of all the manuscripts and printed works\n    relative to Ireland which he had occasion to consult in his antiquarian\n    researches. The copy now offered for sale is believed to be the only\n    one extant. Bound in the same volume is a collection of the titles of\n    all the manuscripts relating to Ireland, which are preserved in the\n    Archbishop of Canterbury's library, at Lambeth, London.\"\n\nR. H.\n\nTrin. Coll., Dublin.\n\n_Herrings._--\"The lovers of fish\" may be glad to learn what a bloater is, a\nmystery which I endeavoured to unravel when lately on the Norfolk coast. A\nbloater, I was informed, is a large, plump herring (as we say a _bloated_\ntoad); and the genuine claimants of the title fall by their own weight from\nthe meshes of the net.\n\nThe origin of the simile--\"As dead as a herring\"--may not be generally\nknown. This fish dies immediately upon its removal from the native element\n(strange to say) from want of air; for swimming near the surface it\nrequires much, and the gills, when dry, cannot perform their function.\n\nC. T.\n\n_Byron and Rochefoucauld._--The following almost word-for-word renderings\nof two of Rochefoucauld's _Reflexions_ occur in the third and fourth\nstanzas of the third canto of Byron's _Don Juan_. I am not aware that any\nnotice has been taken of them beyond a note appended to the first passage,\nin Moore's edition of Byron's _Works_, attributing the _mot_ to Montaigne:\n\n \"Yet there are some, they say, who have had _none_,\n  But those who have ne'er end with only _one_.\"--_Byron._\n\n    \"On peut trouver des femmes qui n'ont jamais eu de galanterie; mais il\n    est rare d'en trouver qui n'en aient jamais eu\n    qu'une.\"--Rochefoucauld's _Maximes et Reflexions Morales_.\n\n \"In her first passion, woman loves her lover,\n  In all the others all she loves is love.\"--_Byron_\n\n    \"Dans les premieres passions les femmes aiment l'amant; dans les autres\n    elles aiment l'amour.\"--Rochefoucauld's _Maximes et Reflexions\n    Morales_.\n\nSIGMA.\n\nCustoms, London.\n\n\"_Abscond._\"--This is a word which appears to have lost its primary meaning\nof concealment, apart from that of escape. Horace Walpole, however, uses it\nin the former sense:\n\n    \"Virette _absconds_, and has sent M. de Pecquigny word that _he shall\n    abscond_ till he can find a proper opportunity of fighting him.\"\n\nCHEVERELLS.\n\n_Garlands, Broadsheets, &c._--Will you allow me to suggest to your\ncorrespondents, that it would be very desirable, for literary and\nantiquarian purposes, to form as complete a list as possible of public and\nprivate collections of garlands, broadsheets, chap-books, ballads, tracts,\n&c.; and to ask them to forward to \"N. & Q.\" the names of any such public\nor private collections as they may be acquainted with. I need not say\nanything of the importance and value of the ballads, &c., contained in such\ncollections, to the historical student and the archaeologist, for their\nvalue is too well known to require it; but I would earnestly urge the\nformation of such a list as the one I now {348} suggest, which will greatly\nfacilitate literary researches.\n\nJ.\n\n_Life-belts._--Suppose that each person on board the Tayleur had been\nsupplied with a life-belt, how many hundreds of lives would have been\nsaved? And when it is considered that such belts can be made for less than\nhalf-a-crown each, what reason can there be that government should not\nrequire them to be carried, at least in emigrant vessels, if passengers are\nso ignorant and stupid as not voluntarily to provide them for themselves?\n\nTHINKS I TO MYSELF.\n\n_Turkey and Russia--The Eastern Question_ (Vol. ix., p. 244.).--The past\nhistory of these rival states presents more than one parallel passage like\nthe following, extracted from Watkins's _Travels through Switzerland,\nItaly, the Greek Islands, to Constantinople, &c._ (2nd edit., two vols.\n8vo. 1794):\n\n    \"The Turks have been, and indeed deserve to be, praised for the manner\n    in which they declared war against the Russians. They sent by Mr.\n    Bulgakoff, her Imperial Majesty's minister at the Porte, to demand the\n    restitution of the Crimea, which had been extorted from them by the\n    merciless despot of R----a, (_sic_) when too much distressed by a\n    rebellion in Egypt to protect it. On his return without an answer they\n    put him in the Seven Towers, and commenced hostilities. They hate the\n    Russians; and to show it the more, frequently call a Frank _Moscoff_.\n    To the English they are more partial than to any other Christian\n    nation, from a tradition that Mahomet was prevented by death from\n    converting our ancestors to his faith.\"--Vol. ii. pp. 276-7.\n\nJ. MACRAY.\n\nOxford.\n\n\"_Verbatim et literatim._\"--As this phrase often finds insertion, even in\nthe pages of \"N. & Q.,\" it may be well to call attention to the fact that\nthere is no such adverb as _literatim_ in the Latin language. There is the\nadverb _literate_, which means after the manner of a literate man,\nlearnedly; but to express the idea intended by the coined word _literatim_,\nI think we must use the form _ad literam_--\"_Verbatim et ad literam._\"\n\nL. H. J. TONNA.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nQueries.\n\nPRINTS OF LONDON BEFORE THE GREAT FIRE.\n\nIn addition to the Tower, there was in Cromwell's time the fortification of\nBaynard's Castle, near Blackfriars, and the city gates were also\nfortifications on a small scale; they were rebuilt (St. John's,\nClerkenwell, excepted, which was spared) after the Great Fire, and were\ntaken down somewhere about 1760. Can any of your readers tell me whether\nthere is any series of prints extant of the most remarkable buildings which\nwere destroyed by the fire? There are some few maps, and a print or two\ninterspersed here and there, in the British Museum; but is there any\nregular series of plates? We know that Inigo Jones built a Grecian portico\non to the east end of the Gothic cathedral of old St. Paul's, surmounted\nwith statues of Charles I., &c.; that the Puritans destroyed a beautiful\nconduit at the top of Cheapside; that Sir Thomas Gresham's Exchange was\nstanding. But among the many city halls burnt down, were there any fine\nspecimens of architecture, any churches worthy of note? And as Guildhall\nwas not entirely consumed, what parts of the present edifice belong to the\nolden time?\n\nYou are doubtless aware that the fire did not extend to St. Giles's\nCripplegate, and that at the back of the church are remains of the old city\nwalls.\n\nARDELIO.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nBATTLE OF OTTERBURN.\n\nOn what authority does Mr. Tytler (_History of Scotland_, vol. iii. pp.\n45--53.), in his otherwise very fair account of this celebrated battle,\nassert that the Earl of Douglas was a younger man than Hotspur? I have no\ndoubt that he found it so recorded somewhere, and willingly believed that\nhis countrymen had prevailed, not only over superior numbers of the enemy,\nbut also over greater experience on the part of the hostile general; but a\nlittle more investigation would have shown him that the difference of age\nlay the other way. Henry Percy, by his own account (in the Scrope and\nGrosvenor Controversy), was born in 1366, and was therefore twenty-two when\nthe battle was fought. I do not know that there is any direct evidence to\nDouglas's age, but the following considerations appear to me decisive as to\nhis being much older than his rival.\n\n1. Froissart's visit to Scotland was undoubtedly prior to 1366 (although\nthe exact date is not given), and during his stay of fifteen days at\nDalkeith, he saw much of the youthful heir of that castle, the future hero\nof Otterburn, and describes him as a \"promising youth.\"\n\n2. Hotspur, in his deposition above mentioned, says that he first bore arms\nat the siege of Berwick in 1378; but his antagonist must have commenced his\nmilitary career long before, as Froissart mentions him as knighted on the\noccasion of the battle fought a few days after the surrender of that place,\nbetween Sir Archibald Douglas and Sir Thomas Musgrave; none but kings' sons\nwere knighted in childhood in those days, or without undergoing a long\nprevious probation in the inferior grades of chivalry.\n\n3. An early and constant family (if not general) tradition asserts that\nDouglas had a natural son {349} (ancestor of the Cavers family), old enough\nto bear his father's banner in the battle; on this, however, I lay little\nstress, as Froissart distinctly assigns that honourable post to another\nperson, David Campbell, who was slain by the side of his lord.\n\nMr. Tytler is also evidently wrong in placing, on the authority of\nMacpherson's _Notes on Winton_, this battle on the 5th of August, 1388.\nFroissart gives the date as the 19th of August, and as the moon was full on\nthe 18th, the combatants would have bright moonlight all night, which\nagrees with all the narratives; on the 5th they would have little\nmoonlight, and would have lost it soon.\n\nThough not very germane to the matter, except as being a point of\nchronology, I may add here that the remarkable solar eclipse, long\nremembered in Scotland by the name of the \"Dark Hour,\" did not occur, as\nstated by Mr. Tytler, on 17th June, 1432, but on the same month and day of\nthe following year.\n\nJ. S. WARDEN.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nDE BEAUVOIR PEDIGREE.\n\nI have in my possession a curious ancient pedigree of De Beauvoir and\nHarryes, headed thus:\n\n    \"The name De Beauvoir is from ---- in the kingdom of England; came into\n    England with y^e Conquest of the Norman Duke, from whom is descended\n    all that are now in England, they bearing for their coate armour the\n    _first_, Azure, a chevron or, between three cinquefeuilles argent, by\n    the name of De Beauvoir. The _second_ he beareth the guelles a chevron\n    between three hayeres heads erased, by the name of Harreys. The _third_\n    (or) a lyon rampant azure, by the name of Throlpe. The _fourth_,\n    Argent, a fess between three cressentes azure, by the name of ...\n    within a mantle doubled guelles on two helmetes and torseyes proper and\n    the first a demy-dragon, adorned properly guelles and argent, vert, by\n    the foresaid name De Beauvoir; on the second a harye sitting argent\n    between two bushes vert.\"\n\nThe pedigree begins with \"Sir Robert Beauvoir, Lord Beauvoir, Lord Baron of\nBeaver Castle, Knt.;\" and the maternal line with \"Sir Robert Harryes of\nMalden in Essex, Knt., came into England with the Saxons.\"\n\nIn the tenth descent the sole heiress is represented as marrying \"Robert,\nLord Bellmoint,\" whose sole daughter married \"John, Lord Manners, father of\nEdmund Manners, first Earl of Rutland, from whom is descended Roger, Earl\nof Rutland, now living.\"\n\nThe pedigree ends with the nineteenth descendant, Henry de Beauvoir, of the\nIsle of Guernsey, who married the daughter of Peter Harreys of the Isle of\nGuernsey.\n\nCan any reader of \"N. & Q.\" inform me whether descendants of that marriage\nare still to be found, and where?\n\nThere are points in the pedigree, as genealogists will see, totally\ndiscrepant from the Peerages.\n\nTHOMAS RUSSELL POTTER.\n\nWymeswold.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nMinor Queries.\n\n_Dog-whippers: Frankincense._--Can any reader throw light upon the\nfollowing entries in the churchwardens' account-book for the parish of\nForest Hill, near Oxford?\n\n    \"1694. P^d to Tho. Mills for whipping dogs out of church, 1 shilling.\n\n    \"1702. P^d for frankincense for the church, 6 pence.\"\n\nThe only passage which occurs to me as at all bearing upon so late a use of\nincense in parish churches in this country, is the following extract from\nHerbert:\n\n    \"The country parson hath a care that his church be swept and kept\n    clean; and at great festivals, strewed and stuck with boughs, and\n    perfumed with incense.\"\n\nThis hardly brings the custom later than 1630.\n\nAs regards the former entry, I am told by a friend that the office of\ndog-whipper existed about fifty years ago for the church of Heversham in\nWestmoreland.\n\nC. F. W.\n\n_Atchievement in Yorkshire--Lipyeatt Family._--Found and noted in a\nYorkshire church tower, an atchievement painted apparently about forty or\nfifty years ago, of which no account can be given by the sexton or parish\nclerk. Query, to what names do the bearings belong? viz. Vert, on a fess\nor, between three bezants, three lions passant azure. Impaling: Vert, three\nswans in tri, statant, wings erect, argent. Crest, a lion passant azure,\nlangued gules. The swans have head, neck, and body like swans, but their\nlegs appear to have been borrowed from the stork. It is suspected that the\ndexter coat belongs to one of the Wiltshire Lipyeatts.\n\nIs there any pedigree of the Lipyeatt family, who were burghers of wealth\nand consideration in the town of Marlborough, from the middle of the\nseventeenth century down to the latter part of the eighteenth?\n\nPATONCE.\n\n\"_Waestart._\"--A common expression of sorrow or condolence among the lower\nclasses in the manufacturing district around Leeds, in Yorkshire. Whence\ndoes it arise? Is it an abbreviation of \"Woe to my heart,\" \"Woe is me\"?\n\nJ. L. S., Sen.\n\n_Rebellion of 1715._--Has any report been published of the trial of the\nprisoners taken at Preston? Mr. Baron Bury, Mr. Justice Eyre, and Mr. Baron\nMontague opened the Commission at Liverpool. The trials began on January\n20, 1716, and lasted till February 8.\n\nTHOMAS BAKER.\n\n{350}\n\n\"_Athenian Sport._\"--Who was the writer of _Athenian Sport, or Two Thousand\nParadoxes, merely argued to amuse and divert the Age_, by a Member of the\nAthenian Society, London, 1707?[1] It would almost appear to have been a\nburlesque upon the _Athenian Oracle_.\n\nHENRY T. RILEY.\n\n[Footnote 1: Lowndes has attributed this work, but we think incorrectly, to\nthe celebrated John Dunton.--ED.]\n\n_Gutta Percha made soluble._--Can any one inform me how gutta percha may be\nmade so soluble, that a coating of it may be given any article, which shall\ndry as hard as its former state? I have tried melting it in a ladle, but it\nnever hardened properly.\n\nE. B.\n\nLeeds.\n\n_Arms of Anthony Kitchen._--Can any of your correspondents inform me what\nwere the arms of Anthony Kitchen, Bishop of Llandaff in 1545? And what\nrelation, if any, of Robert Kitchen, who was Mayor of Bristol in 1588? The\nlatter was of Kendal in Westmoreland.\n\nD. F. T.\n\n_Griesbach Arms._--Could any correspondent versed in German heraldry tell\nme the arms of the German family of Griesbach, or refer me to any work\ncontaining a collection of German arms?\n\nCID.\n\n_Postage System of the Romans._--Could any of your correspondents inform me\nwhere I may find a perfect account of the postal system of the Romans? We\nknow that they must have had such a system, but I have forgotten the author\nwho gives any description of it.\n\nARDELIO.\n\n_Three Crowns and Sugar-loaf._--Passing through Franche (a village near\nKidderminster in Worcestershire) the other day, I saw an inn called \"The\nThree Crowns and Sugar-loaf.\" As there seems to me not the _least_\nconnexion between a crown and a sugar-loaf, I send this to \"N. & Q.\" in\nhopes of an explanation from some of its readers more skilled than myself\nin such matters.\n\nCID.\n\n_Helen MacGregor._--In Burke's _Landed Gentry_ (Supplement, art. \"MacGregor\nof Craigrostan and Inversnaid\") this redoubted heroine is described as \"a\nwoman of _agreeable temper_ and domestic habits, active and careful in the\nmanagement of her family affairs.\" This is so directly opposed, not only to\nScott's description, but to the generality of traditions about her, that,\nas Campbell says, \"it makes the hair of one's literary faith stand on end.\"\nHelen was, very likely, a different person from what she afterwards became,\nere the events happened that drove Rob Roy \"to the hill-side to become a\nbroken man;\" but one can hardly imagine her, in her most happy days, to\nhave been such a person as is above depicted--an amiable wife and clever\nhousekeeper. The pen of a descendant is evident, in the partial description\ngiven of both husband and wife.\n\nJ. S. WARDEN.\n\n_Francis Grose the Antiquary._--Francis Grose, the distinguished antiquary,\nwas Captain and Adjutant of the Surrey Militia, commanded by Col. Hodges,\nin which regiment he served for many years; but on some occasion, probably\nbreach of discipline, he was brought to a general court-martial. The\nregiment formed part of the large encampment of 15,000 men on Cocksheath,\nnear Maidstone, in 1778. I think the trial took place then, or within a\nyear or two of that date; and should be thankful to any reader of \"N. & Q.\"\nwho would supply me with the precise date when the court-martial assembled?\n\n[Greek: Ss.]\n\n\"_King of Kings:\" Bishop Andrews' Sermons._--From MS. Account of Fellows of\nKings, compiled from 1750, A.D. 1583, Geffrey King, D.D., Professor of\nHebrew, Cambridge, first chaplain to Bancroft and James I., whether he or\nThos. King, 1605, or James King, 1609? One of them began his sermon at St.\nJames: \"I, King of Kings, come to James the First and Sixth, nothing\nwavering.\"\n\n    \"These puns much applauded in those times, insomuch that the preacher\n    would stop to receive applause, which was expressed by loud and\n    repeated hums. In Bishop Andrews' printed Sermons, these stops may be\n    discovered.\"\n\nIs this true of Bishop Andrews' _Sermons?_\n\nJ. H. L.\n\n_Scroope Family._--Will any one be so good as to clear up the doubts\nnoticed in the peerage books as to the family of Henry Lord Scroope, of\nBolton, who died about 22 Henry VII.? His wives are generally stated to\nhave been daughters of the Earl of Northumberland and Lord Scroope of\nUpsal; but other accounts are to be met with. What however I particularly\nrefer to, is the question, who was the mother of his daughter Alice, who\nmarried Sir Gilbert Talbot? Lady Talbot could not have been by the daughter\nof Lord Scroope of Upsal; as, if so, she and her issue would have inherited\nher grandfather's barony, which it is certain was enjoyed by his younger\nbrothers. Very likely Mr. Scroope's unpublished volume on the Lords Scroope\nand their seat Coombe Castle explains this.\n\nS. N.\n\n_Harrison the Regicide--Lowle._--Thomas Willing, son of Joseph Willing and\nAnne Lowle (his second wife), married July 16, 1704, Anne Harrison, a\ngrand-daughter of the Regicide. Charles (son of Thomas and Anne, born in\nBristol, 1710) married Anne Shippen. One of their daughters married Sir\nWalter Stirling; and a {351} great-granddaughter (Miss Bingham) married Mr.\nBaring, afterwards Lord Ashburton. I should be obliged for information as\nfollows:\n\n1. Through what descent was Anne Harrison a descendant of the Regicide?\n\n2. Is anything known of the Lowle family? Their arms were, \"Sa., a hand\ngrasping three darts argent.\"\n\n T. BALCH.\n\nPhiladelphia.\n\n_\"Chair\" or \"Char.\"_--I am desirous of ascertaining the meaning of this\nterm, as occurring frequently in the Cambridgeshire Fens. It is variously\nspelt, _chair_, _chaire_, _chare_, or _char_. In the Cambridgeshire dialect\nit may be remarked, _air_ or _are_ is pronounced as \"ar.\" Thus, _upstairs_,\n_bare_, are \"upstars,\" \"bar.\" There is a Char Fen at Stretham, laid down in\nSir Jonah Moore's Map (1663). There is also a Chare Fen at Cottenham; and\nat Littleport is a place called Littleport Chair. This last had the name at\nleast as early as Edward II.'s reign; as in a description of a neighbouring\nfen, not later than that date, one boundary is \"A le _chaire_ per\nHimmingslode usque Gualslode End.\" A friend who has searched the documents\nin the Fen Office at Ely on this subject for me, has been unable to\ndiscover the least clue to the meaning of the term.\n\nAt Newcastle-on-Tyne, a narrow street or passage between houses is called a\n_chare_; but there is nothing narrow about Char Fen, which was part of an\nopen common. The course of the rivers at Littleport may be imagined to form\na rude outline of a chair or seat; but this does not apply to the other\ninstances in which the name occurs.\n\nThere are numerous local names in the fens, of which the history may be\ntraced for some centuries, deserving investigation.\n\nE. G. R.\n\n_Aches._--I am aware that there is abundant proof of \"aches\" being a\ndissyllable when Shakspeare wrote, and long after; but I wish to know\nwhether there is any _rhyme_ earlier than that in Butler, which fixes the\npronunciation as _artches_.\n\nS. S.\n\n_Leeming Hall._--There was formerly a mansion somewhere between Liverpool\nand Preston, called Leeming Hall. Can any of the correspondents of \"N. &\nQ.\" inform me if it still exists, and what is the name of the present\nowner? I should also be glad to have some information respecting the\ngenealogy of the family of Leemings, who formerly lived there, or to learn\nthe name and residence of some member of the family to whom I could apply\nfor such information.\n\nG.\n\n_Caricature; a Canterbury Tale._--Many facts are recorded in the\ncaricatures of the day, of which there is no other account. The reference\nof the following may be well known, but I should feel obliged by any of\nyour correspondents explaining it. Fox, the Prince of Wales, and a third\nfigure (?), are in a boat pushing off from shore, with Burke looking over a\nwall with a large bag in his hand. He says, \"D----me, Charley, don't leave\nme in the lurch;\" who replies, \"Self-preservation is the first law of\nnature.\" His companions joining with \"Push off, Charley, push off.\"\n\nH.\n\n_Perpetual Curates not represented in Convocation._--In _Lectures on Church\nDifficulties_, by the Rev. J. M. Neale, I find this statement:\n\n    \"Under the old regime rectors and vicars were alone, generally\n    speaking, allowed a vote in the election of proctors, to the exclusion\n    from that privilege of even perpetual curates.\"--Lecture xi., p. 133.\n\nI believe that this is correct, and that the curates spoken of as having\ntheir votes rejected in Day _versus_ Knewstubbs, were perpetual curates:\nbut can some of your correspondents confirm this view by facts?\n\nWM. FRASER.\n\nTor-Mohun.\n\n_Dr. Whichcote and Dorothy Jordan._--In the preface to the edition of the\nplays of Wycherley and others, edited by Mr. Leigh Hunt, the following\npassage occurs:\n\n    \"The two best sermons we ever heard (and no disparagement to many a\n    good one from the pulpit) were a sentence of Dr. Whichcote's against\n    the multiplication of things forbidden, and the honest, heart and soul\n    laugh of Dorothy Jordan.\"\n\nI feel rather curious to read a sentence which is said to possess so much\ninstruction.\n\n[Greek: Xanthos].\n\n_Moral Philosophy._--What English writers have treated of the obligation of\noaths and promises, or generally of moral philosophy, between the\nReformation and the time of Bishop Sanderson?\n\nH. P.\n\n_Shelley's \"Prometheus Unbound.\"_--Can any of your correspondents, by\nconjecture or reference to the original MS., elucidate the meaning of the\nfollowing passage, which occurs in Act II. Sc. 4. of this extraordinary\npoem? It sounds so sweetly that one cannot but wish it were possible to\nunderstand it.\n\n \"_Asia._ Who made that sense which, when the winds of spring\n  In rarest visitation, or the voice\n  Of one beloved heard in youth alone,\n  Fills the faint eyes with falling tears which dim\n  The radiant looks of unbewailing flowers,\n  And leaves this peopled world a solitude\n  When it returns no more?\"\n\nShelley's mysticism is very often such as to render him unintelligible to\nordinary readers, but it is combined here with a want of grammatical {352}\nconnexion that makes obscurity ten times more obscure. I have not the least\nidea whether \"fills\" refers to \"sense which,\" or to \"voice;\" but\nwhichsoever it may belong to, it is evident that the other nominative\nsingular, as also the plural \"winds of spring,\" have no verbs, either\nexpressed or understood, to govern. A line or two may have dropped out; but\nall editions as far as I am aware, give the passage as above. In Act I., at\np. 195. line 7 of the edition of 1853, occurs a curious error (I presume of\nthe press); Mercury, addressing the Furies, says:\n\n       \"Back to your towers of iron,\n  And gnash beside the streams of fire, and wail\n  Your foodless teeth.\"\n\nThe having no food to put between one's teeth is no doubt a very sufficient\ncause for wailing, but still I think the passage would run better if\n\"gnash\" and \"wail\" exchanged places. How do other editions give it?\n\nJ. S. WARDEN.\n\n_Turkish Language._--Are there any easy dialogues in the Turkish language,\nbut in the English type, to be obtained; and where? If there be not, I\nthink it would be desirable to publish some, with names of common objects,\n&c.\n\nHASSAN.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nMinor Queries with Answers.\n\n[Illustration]\n\n_Illustrated Bible of 1527._--Can you inform me whether there is any Bible\npublished in 1527 at Lyons, with Hans Holbein's cuts in it, and what\nengraver used this monogram, as I have a Bible of that date, the plates of\nwhich are almost fac-similes (some of them) of Holbein's cuts, which were\npublished by Pickering? The date of the Bible is 1527.\n\n    \"Impressa autem Lugduni per Jacobum Mareschall feliciter explicat, anno\n    nostri Salutis 1527.\"\n\nL. S. C.\n\n    [Several editions of the Bible were printed in the early part of the\n    sixteenth century at Lyons, some of them ornamented with cuts from\n    designs similar to those of Holbein. Two or three from the press of\n    Mareschall are in the British Museum. We believe there were no Bibles\n    printed at Lyons in which it was acknowledged that the cuts were\n    designed by Holbein. The following notice of the monogram occurs in\n    _Dictionnaire des Monogrammes_, par F. Bruilliot, part i. p. 421., No.\n    3208.: \"Cette marque, dont on ne connait pas la signification, se\n    trouve sur une copie d'une gravure en bois de Jean Springinklee,\n    representant l'enfant Jesus couche a terre, entoure de trois anges, et\n    adore par St. Joseph et par la Ste. Vierge. A droite au travers d'une\n    fenetre pres d'une colonne on remarque le boeuf et l'ane, et au milieu\n    du fond deux bergers dont l'un ote son chapeau. La marque est au bas a\n    gauche pres de l'habit de St. Joseph. Bartsch decrit l'original, _P.\n    Gr._ t. vii. p. 328., No. 51.\"]\n\n_Heraldic Query._--Can you help me towards ascertaining the date and\nmeaning of the following device, which I find upon an old picture-frame,\nthe portrait once inclosed in which has long since been destroyed?\n\nOn a disk, of about six inches in diameter, are engraved the royal arms of\nGreat Britain, without the harp, but with the Scots lion. You will at once\nperceive the peculiarity of this bearing, the harp and the lion having been\nadded at the same time by James I. The leopards occupy the first quarter,\nthe ground of which is semeed with _hearts_; the Scots lion the second, his\nfeet resting upon a quaint band, which seems to occupy the place of the\nusual bordure. The three fleurs-de-lis, very much broadened, and taking\nalmost the shape of crowns, occupy the places of the third and fourth\nquarters.\n\nThe only instance I can find of a single lion or leopard appearing upon a\ncoin without the harp, is a coin (a half-florin) of Edward III., on the\nobverse of which appears a leopard crowned, with a banner of the arms of\nEngland fastened to his neck, and flowing back upon his shoulder.\n\nRUDING.\n\nOxford and Cambridge Club.\n\n    [Our correspondent has wasted his ingenuity: the bearings are, first\n    quarter, Denmark, Or, semee of hearts gules, three lions passant\n    guardant. Second quarter, Norway, a lion crowned, or holding a Danish\n    battle-axe. In base Azure, three crowns, or two and one, Sweden.\n    Surmounted by the royal crown. See _Souverains du Monde_, t. iii.\n    p. 430.]\n\n_Richard de Sancto Victorie._--In Anthony Mundy's _Successe of the Times_,\nunder the head \"Scotland,\" he says,--\n\n    \"In this King Alexander's reign (1110) lived also the holy man, Richard\n    de Sancto Victorie, being a Scot borne, but lyving the more part of his\n    time at Paris, in Fraunce, where he died, and lieth buried in the Abbey\n    of S. Victorie, he being a brother of the same house.\"\n\nCan you furnish any particulars of my countryman Richard?\n\nPERTHENSIS.\n\n    [Richard, Abbot of St. Victor, was born in the reign of David I. After\n    such education as Scotland afforded, in polite literature, the sacred\n    Scriptures, and mathematics, the principal objects of his early\n    studies, he went over to Paris. Here the fame of Hugh, Abbot of St.\n    Victor, induced him to settle in that monastery, to pursue his\n    theological studies. In 1164, upon the death of Hugh, he was chosen\n    prior, which office he filled for nine years with great wisdom and\n    prudence. He died March 10, 1173, and was buried in that monastery. He\n    was the author of several treatises on subjects of practical divinity,\n    and on scripture criticism, particularly on the description of\n    Solomon's temple, Ezekiel's temple, and on the apparent contradictions\n    in the books of Kings and Chronicles. They were all published at Paris\n    in 1518 and 1540 in {353} two vols. folio, at Venice in 1692, at\n    Cologne in 1621, and at Rouen in 1650, which is reckoned the best\n    edition. A summary account of his works is given in Mackenzie's _Lives\n    and Characters of Writers of the Scots Nation_, vol i. p. 147., edit.\n    1708.]\n\n_St. Blase._--In Norwich, every fifty years, the festival of Bishop Blase\nis observed with great ceremony. What connexion had he with that city?\n\nW. P. E.\n\n    [Norwich formerly abounded with woolcombers, who still esteem Bishop\n    Blase as their patron saint, probably from the [Combe of Yren] with\n    which he was tortured previously to his martyrdom. \"No other reason,\"\n    says Alban Butler, \"than the great devotion of the people to this\n    celebrated martyr of the Church, seems to have given occasion to the\n    woolcombers to choose him the titular patron of their profession; on\n    which account his festival is still kept by them with a solemn guild at\n    Norwich.\"]\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nReplies.\n\nLEICESTER AS RANGER OF SNOWDON.\n\n(Vol. ix., p. 125.)\n\nIn a note to Parry's _Royal Visits and Progresses in Wales_, p. 317., I\nfind the following allusion to the circumstances mentioned in ELFFIN AP\nGWYDDNO'S Query regarding Leicester's Rangership of Snowdon, and the\npatriotic opposition offered to his oppressions. I regret I am unable to\nafford the desired information respecting the imprisonment of the Welsh\ngentleman in the Tower. Could not this be furnished by some of your readers\nwho have access to public documents and records of the period? This\nimprisonment is not mentioned either in the account I append, or in a\nlonger one to be found in Appendix XVI. vol. iii. of Pennant's _Tour in\nWales_:\n\n    \"Among the Welsh nobility who formed a part of her Majesty's household,\n    were Sir Richard Bulkeley, Bart., and Mrs. Blanche Parry, both of whom\n    seem to have been brought up in the court from their infancy, and,\n    consequently, in great esteem with her Majesty; so much so, that the\n    Earl of Leicester, the Queen's favourite, began to be jealous of Sir\n    Richard: and with a view of having him removed from court, he made an\n    attempt to have him accused, upon false evidence, of treason. With this\n    wicked design, the Earl of Leicester informed her Majesty that the\n    council had been examining Sir Richard Bulkeley, and that they found\n    him a dangerous person; that he dwelt in a suspicious corner of the\n    world, and should be committed to the Tower. 'What! Sir Richard\n    Bulkeley!' said the Queen; 'he never intended us any harm. We have\n    brought him up from a boy, and have had special trial of his fidelity;\n    ye shall not commit him.' 'We have the care of your Majesty's person,'\n    said the Earl, 'and see more and hear more of the man than you do: he\n    is of an aspiring mind, and lives in a remote place.' 'Before God!'\n    replied the Queen; 'we will be sworn upon the Holy Evangelists, he\n    never intended any harm.' And then her Majesty ran to the Bible, and\n    kissing it, said: 'You shall not commit him; we have brought him up\n    from a boy.' Sir Richard, however, was too high-minded to suffer such\n    an imputation to be laid to his character. He insisted on an inquiry;\n    during which it appeared, that Lord Dudley, Earl of Leicester, had been\n    appointed a ranger of the Royal Forest of Snowdon, which, in the\n    Queen's time, included some portion of Merioneth and Anglesey. This\n    nobleman's insolence to the inhabitants of the forest was more than\n    could be brooked. He tried to bring many freeholders' estates within\n    the boundary; juries were empannelled, but the commissioners rejected\n    their returns as unfavourable to the Earl. Those honest jurors,\n    however, persisted, and found a verdict for the country. But in the\n    year 1538, he succeeded by a packed jury, who appeared in his livery,\n    blue, with ragged staves on the sleeves; men who, after this nefarious\n    act, were stigmatised with the title of 'The Black Jury who sold their\n    country.' Sir Richard Bulkeley, who, with Sir William Herbert and\n    others, superseded a prior commission, resisted this oppression with\n    great firmness, and laid those odious grievances before the Queen,\n    whose regard for her loyal subjects in Wales was evinced by the\n    recalling of the first commission, by proclamation at Westminster, in\n    1579. The Earl being worsted, sought the life of Sir Richard by having\n    him charged as above. But this generous and patriotic nobleman, by his\n    excellent and manly conduct, overthrew every malevolent design of his\n    enemy; and came out of this fiery trial as clear as the pellucid\n    crystal of Snowdon.\"\n\nR. E. G. C.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nINMAN FAMILY.\n\n(Vol. ix., p. 198.)\n\nA SUBSCRIBER having challenged me by name to assist him in resolving his\n\"historic doubts,\" I hasten to afford him what information I possess,\nconscious at the same time that I can add little or nothing that will\nmaterially aid him in his investigation.\n\nFirst, then, as to Owen Gam. This name savours strongly of the leek, both\nChristian and surname being unequivocally British. _Gam_, in Welsh,\nsignifies the \"one-eyed;\" we may conclude, therefore, that this gentleman,\nor one of his progenitors, had lost an eye in one of the frays common in\nbygone days, and so acquired the appellation of _Gam_. A SUBSCRIBER has\nomitted to give dates with his Queries, and thus leaves us in the dark as\nto the precise period he refers to; still, it may interest him to know that\nDavid Gam, a landed proprietor of some importance in Herefordshire, temp.\nHenry IV. and V., who had married the sister of Owen Glyndwr, was\ndiscovered in an attempt to assassinate his brother-in-law, the royal\nchieftain; and was, in consequence, arrested {354} and confined ten years\nin Owen's prison at Llansaintffraid. He was afterwards released; and\ndistinguished himself, together with some near relatives, as Pennant\nrelates, at the battle of Agincourt, where he fell, pierced with wounds,\nwhile assisting in the rescue of his royal master King Henry. Possibly,\nOwen Gam may have been a descendant of this half-hero, half-assassin.\n\nLlewellyn Clifford, again, is a name strongly suggestive of its owner's\nconnexion with Cambria. If A SUBSCRIBER has exhausted the resources of the\nClifford pedigrees, it were, I suppose, useless to refer him to the\nancestry of the defunct Earls of Cumberland; and especially to that part of\nit represented by Sir Roger de Clifford, of Clifford, co. Hereford, a\nfamous soldier in the days of Henry III. and Edward I. He accompanied the\nlatter monarch in his inroads into Wales, and fell in battle there, not far\nfrom Bangor, circa 1282-3, leaving several children; one of the younger of\nwhom I conjecture to have been the father of the before-named Llewellyn\nClifford. After having subjugated the country, we can easily fancy the\nconquerors perpetuating the event by naming certain of their posterity\nafter the fallen prince Llewellyn.\n\nAs for Sir William de Roas (or Ros), A SUBSCRIBER is wrong in supposing his\nname to have been Ingman; for although he resided at Ingmanthorpe, co.\nYork, his surname, in common with that of a long line of ancestry and\ndescendants, was De Ros only. He was the grandson of Robert de Ros, the\nfounder of the two castles, Werke and Hamlake, and one of the leaders of\nthe baronial forces in their armed opposition to the tyrant King John.\n\nBefore closing this communication, I would suggest to A SUBSCRIBER, and to\nall others propounding genealogical Queries, the absolute necessity of\naffixing _dates_ to their inquiries in every possible instance; as nothing\nis easier than to go astray, sometimes for half-a-dozen generations, in\nfixing the identity of a solitary individual.\n\nT. HUGHES.\n\nChester.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nROBERT DUDLEY, EARL OF LEICESTER.\n\n(Vol. ix., pp. 105. 160.)\n\nThat this infamous man _did_ die of poison, is, I believe, the general\nopinion. The late Dr. Cooke Taylor has the following passage upon the\nsubject, in his _Romantic Biography of the Age of Elizabeth_, vol. i.\np. 115.:\n\n    \"Nearly all the cotemporary writers assert that Leicester fell a victim\n    to poison; Naunton declares that he, by mistake, swallowed the potion\n    he had prepared for another person; and, as there can be no doubt that\n    the Earl was a poisoner of great eminence and success, the story is far\n    from being improbable. The Privy Council must have believed that his\n    death was not natural, for they minutely investigated a report that he\n    had been poisoned by the son of Sir James Crofts, in revenge for the\n    imprisonment of his father. Some suspicious circumstances were elicited\n    during the examination; but the matter was suddenly dropped, probably\n    because an inquiry into any one of the complicated intrigues of\n    Elizabeth's court would have involved too many persons of honour and\n    consequence.\"\n\nDrummond of Hawthornden, in his _Notes of Conversations with Ben Jonson_,\nhas the following curious note:\n\n    \"The Earl of Leicester gave a bottle of liquor to his lady, which he\n    willed her to use in any faintness; which she, after his returne from\n    Court, not knowing it was poison, gave him, and so he died.\"\n\nThis is a strong confirmation of the statement given by Sir Robert Naunton.\n\nIn one of the many valuable notes appended by Dr. Bliss to the _Athenae\nOxonienses_, is the following cotemporary narrative, copied from a MS.\nmemoranda on a copy of _Leicester's Ghost_:\n\n    \"The author (of the poem) hath omitted the end of the Earle, the which\n    may thus and truely be supplied. The Countesse Lettice fell in love\n    with Christopher Blunt, gent., of the Earle's horse; and they had many\n    secret meetings, and much wanton familiarity; the which being\n    discovered by the Earle, to prevent the pursuit thereof, when Generall\n    of the Low Countreys, hee tooke Blunt with him, and theire purposed to\n    have him made away: and for this plot there was a ruffian of Burgundy\n    suborned, who, watching him in one night going to his lodging at the\n    Hage, followed him and struck at his head with a halbert or battle-axe,\n    intending to cleave his head. But the axe glaunced, and withall pared\n    off a great piece of Blunt's skull, which was very dangerous and longe\n    in healinge: but he recovered, and after married the Countesse; who\n    took this soe ill, as that she, with Blunt, deliberated and resolved to\n    dispatch the Earle. The Earle, not patient of this soe greate wrong of\n    his wife, purposed to carry her to Kenilworth; and to leave here there\n    untill her death by naturall or by violent means, but rather by the\n    last. The Countesse also having a suspicion, or some secret\n    intelligence of this treachery against her, provided artificial meanes\n    to prevent the Earle; which was by a cordiall, the which she had no fit\n    opportunity to offer him till he came to Cornebury Hall, in\n    Oxfordshire; where the Earle, after his gluttonous manner, surfeiting\n    with excessive eating and drinking, fell soe ill that he was forced to\n    stay there. Then the deadly cordiall was propounded unto him by the\n    Countesse; as Mr. William Haynes, sometimes the Earle's page, and then\n    gentleman of his bed-chamber, told me, who protested hee saw her give\n    that fatall cup to the Earle, which was his last draught, and an end of\n    his plott against the Countesse, and of his journey, and of himselfe;\n    and soe--_Fraudis fraude sua prenditur artifex._\"--_Athenae Oxon._, vol.\n    ii. col. 74, 75. note.\n\nEDWARD F. RIMBAULT.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n{355}\n\nHARDMAN'S ACCOUNT OF WATERLOO.\n\n(Vol. viii., p. 199.; Vol. ix., p. 176.)\n\nI perfectly recollect reading, when a boy, a critique on this poem, and\nbeing much amused thereby. The critique appeared in the _Literary Gazette_\nor _Athenaeum_, as well as I remember. I never saw the poem, but I recollect\nsome of the lines quoted, which went nearly as follows:--\n\n \"The following morning, at break of day,\n  An orderly dragoon did come this way:\n  'Holloa! holloa! I say, give ear,\n  Is Adjutant Hardman quartered here?\n  Holloa! halloa! I am not wrong,\n  Is Adjutant Hardman here at home?'\"\n\nI merely quote from memory and hope, therefore, that any deviations from\nthe original may be pardoned.\n\nLieutenant (Brevet Captain) Hardman, if not a first-rate poet, is a gallant\nsoldier, and I rejoice to see his name in the _Army List_ for March, 1854.\nI cannot ascertain at what period he joined the army, but he was present at\nthe cavalry engagements of Sahagun and Benevente, on December 20th and\n27th, 1808, on the retreat of Sir John Moore's army to Coruna, for which he\nis decorated with a Peninsula medal. For his bravery as a non-commissioned\nofficer he was promoted, May 19, 1813, to a cornetcy in the royal wagon\ntrain; and was transferred, August 12 following, to the 23rd Light\nDragoons, and was same day appointed Regimental Adjutant of that corps. On\nthe almost total change of officers that took place in the 10th Hussars,\nowing to the quarrels of Colonels Quentin and Palmer, Lieutenant Hardman\nsucceeded Captain Bromley, on December 15, 1814, as Lieutenant and Adjutant\nin the corps in which he had commenced his military career; a sufficient\nproof of his having been a zealous, active, and efficient non-commissioned\nofficer, when serving as such in the regiment. He embarked at Ramsgate with\nthe service squadrons of his regiment in April, 1815, and landed at Ostend,\nwhence the 10th regiment proceeded to Brussels: it was present at Quatre\nBras, although not engaged with the enemy: and at Waterloo it behaved with\nthe greatest gallantry, and lost two officers, nineteen soldiers, and\nfifty-one horses killed, in addition to six officers and twenty-six men\nwounded. Lieutenant Hardman's position as adjutant necessarily kept him in\nthe vicinity of his commanding officers, Col. Quentin and Major Howard;\ntherefore he was an eye-witness of poor Howard's death. Lieutenant Hardman\nreceived the Waterloo medal. The 10th Hussars landed at Ramsgate, from\nBoulogne, in January, 1816, and marched to Brighton, where Lieutenant\nHardman resigned the adjutantcy, February 8, 1816, and exchanged to\nhalf-pay of the regiment, June 6, same year, since which period he has not\nserved upon full pay.\n\nG. L. S.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nCHURCHES IN \"DOMESDAY BOOK.\"\n\n(Vol. viii., p. 151.)\n\nA. W. H. says, \"In the case of many parishes it is stated [in _Domesday\nBook_], that there was a church there: is it considered _conclusive_\nauthority that there was not one, if it is not mentioned in _Domesday\nBook_?\" This question has, I doubt not, often engaged the attention of\nantiquaries; and I am somewhat surprised that the Query has elicited no\nreply. The conclusion has often been drawn that, no church being mentioned,\nnone existed before the survey. It would appear this conclusion has been an\nerroneous one. In the last volume issued by the Chetham Society (_Documents\nrelating to the Priory of Penwortham, and other Possessions in Lancashire\nof the Abbey of Evesham_, edited by W. A. Hulton, Esq.) that point is ably\ndiscussed; and as Mr. Hulton's views on a subject of so much interest\ncannot but be valuable, I venture to extract them, as worthy of a place in\n\"N. & Q.\" He says:\n\n    \"Donations of churches with tithes are made directly after the survey\n    of _Domesday_ was taken. And yet that survey is entirely silent as to\n    their existence. Similar omissions have given rise to doubts, whether\n    the institution of our parochial economy had been carried out to its\n    full extent previous to the Conquest, and whether we are not indebted\n    to the Normans for its full perfection. Such doubts are unfounded....\n    There is nothing in _Domesday_ to justify the doubts alluded to. A\n    consideration of the objects of that survey will dissipate them: the\n    purpose was principally financial. It was directed so as to obtain a\n    correct account of the taxable property within the kingdom. And it was\n    immaterial whether the proceeds were paid altogether to the owner, or a\n    definite portion was diverted into other channels. Therefore those\n    churches which were endowed only with tithes of the surrounding\n    districts, as Eccleston and Croston, Penwortham and Leyland, in Leyland\n    Hundred, and Rochdale and Eccles, in Salford Hundred, were unnoticed,\n    although the two first-named churches were granted by Roger de Poictou,\n    with their tithes and other appurtenances, to the Priory of Lancaster;\n    and the pages of the _Coucher Book of Whalley_ prove the two latter\n    churches to have existed at a date perhaps anterior to the Conquest.\n    But the case was different when a church was endowed with glebe-land.\n    Such a church appeared in the light of a landowner, and in that\n    character is its existence notified. Thus, in modern Lancashire, south\n    of the Ribble, the churches of Wigan and Winwick, Childwall, Walton,\n    Warrington, Manchester, Blackburn, and Whalley are expressly named in\n    _Domesday_, but invariably in connexion with the ownership of land. It\n    seems clear, therefore, that the silence of _Domesday_ cannot be urged\n    as a proof of the {356} non-existence of a church, or of the subsequent\n    grant of those rights and privileges by which its due efficiency is\n    maintained.\"--_Introd._, p. xxiii.\n\nWM. DOBSON.\n\nPreston.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nMEMOIRS OF GRAMMONT.\n\n(Vol. viii., pp. 461. 549.; Vol. ix., pp. 3. 204.)\n\n    \"Ceste noble race de Grantmont.\"--_Brantome._\n\nThe following are some of the principal events in the life of the Chevalier\nde Grammont.\n\nHe was born in the year 1621, probably at the family seat of Bidache, in\nGascony.\n\nHe was sent to the college at Pau in Bearn, the nearest university to the\nfamily residence. His studies here did not much benefit him; and although\nintended for the church, we find him at a later period actually highly\ncommending the Lord's Prayer, and seriously inquiring by whom it was\nwritten. On his declining a clerical life, he was sent to the French army\nin Piedmont in 1643. He served under his brother, the Marshal, and the\nPrince de Conde; and was present at the three battles of Fribourg on the\n3rd, 5th, and 9th Aug. 1644; and at that of Nordlinguen on the 3rd Aug.\n1645. It was at the battle of Fribourg that the Prince de Conde, having\nfailed in his first attack on the enemy, got off horseback, and placed\nhimself at the head of the regiment of Conti, whilst all the officers and\nvolunteers alighted also, amongst whom is mentioned the Chevalier de\nGrammont; and this reassuring the soldiers, they charged the enemy, who\nfled into a wood under favour of the approaching night. At Nordlinguen, the\nMarshal de Grammont was taken prisoner, and nearly murdered by the Germans,\nto revenge the death of their General, the great Mercy, who was slain in\nthe battle. The Marshal was subsequently exchanged against Gen. Gleen.\n\nIn 1647 Grammont served again under his brother and the Prince de Conde in\nSpain: and in 1648 he was present with them at the battle of Lens on the\n20th Aug., where the Archduke Leopold and General Beck were totally\ndefeated in Flanders.\n\nThe troubles of the Fronde now commenced; and in the first instance\nGrammont zealously attached himself to the prince. In Dec. 1649, he tested\nthe accuracy of the report that it was intended to assassinate the prince\nby sending his own coach with the prince's liveries over the Pont Neuf, to\nsee what would occur. The result was, the coach was fired at; but, as no\none was in it, the would-be assassins did no harm. During the imprisonment\nof the princes, Grammont, with others, joined the Spanish army which had\nadvanced into Picardy, in consequence of the treaty the Duchesse de\nLongueville and Turenne had made with the King of Spain.\n\nWe do not find when Grammont left the prince's party; the prince himself\nadmitted it was with honour. He seems to have connected himself with\nGaston, Duke of Orleans; and is styled about this time by \"la Grande\nMademoiselle\" as one of her father's gentlemen. She also relates that when\nthe royal forces threatened Orleans, the inhabitants sent to the duke for\nsuccour, and he sent the Count de Fiesque and Mons. de Grammont, who\nappeased their fears. The duke also advised his daughter to take the\nopinion of Fiesque and Grammont in all matters, as they had been in Orleans\nlong enough to know what ought to be done. When Mademoiselle was trying to\neffect an entrance into the city, Grammont incited the inhabitants to\nassist in breaking open a gate, which the authorities, under fear of the\nroyal displeasure, were afraid to direct. The gate was broken open, and she\nwas borne in triumph along the streets.\n\nIt was probably at this period that Grammont sighed for the Countess de\nFiesque (about whom he, and his nephew the Count de Guiche, quarrelled); as\nMademoiselle, in her _Memoirs_, relates that, in the year 1656, on her\ninterview with Christina, Queen of Sweden, she presented to her, amongst\nothers, the Countess de Fiesque, one of her ladies of honour. The Queen\nobserved: \"The Countess de Fiesque is not so beautiful as to have made so\nmuch noise; is the Chevalier de Grammont still in love with her?\"\n\nIn 1654 Grammont accompanied the Court to Peronne; where they anxiously\nawaited Turenne's attempt to force the Prince de Conde's lines at Arras, as\nrelated in the _Memoirs_.\n\nOn the 25th Nov. 1655, Madame de Sevigne writes to Bussi-Rabutin, relating\nan anecdote in which Grammont was a party.\n\nMadame de Motteville relates that Queen Christina rallied the Chevalier de\nGrammont on the passion he had then for the Duchesse de Mercoeur, one of\nCardinal Mazarin's nieces; and spared him only on account of the utter\nhopelessness of it.\n\nIt is about this period we are inclined to place Grammont's first visit to\nEngland; where curiosity, Hamilton informs us, drew him to see so\nremarkable a character as Cromwell; but this visit will be a good\nstarting-place for the next Number.\n\nW. H. LAMMIN.\n\nFulham.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nCELTIC AND LATIN LANGUAGES.\n\n(Vol. viii., pp. 174. 280. 353.; Vol. ix., p. 14.)\n\n    \"Professor F. W. Newman, in his little work entitled _Regal Rome_,\n    maintains that the old languages of Italy, especially the Umbrian and\n    Sabine, contained a striking predominance of Celtic ingredients, and he\n    wishes to show that this is still evident even in the Latin of Cicero.\n    His proof rests on vocabularies (pp. 19--26.), especially in regard to\n    the military, political, and {357} religious words which he supposes\n    the Romans derived from the Sabines (p. 61.). With regard to these\n    lists, I have to observe, that while all that is valid in the\n    comparison merely gives the Indo-Germanic of the Celtic languages--a\n    fact beyond dispute--Mr. Newman takes no pains to discriminate between\n    the marks of an original identity of root, and those words which the\n    Celts of Britain derived from their Roman conquerors.\"--Donaldson's\n    _Varronianus_, p. 64.\n\n    \"It is to be remarked, that almost _all the words_ of the British\n    tongue agree either with the Greek or Latin. It is this strong\n    similarity of features between their own language and those of Greece\n    and Italy, that has induced so many of my countrymen to claim for it\n    the honour of being the mother-tongue of all, and to scorn all\n    examination which did not commence with this confession. Even the late\n    learned Dr. Owen Pugh has, in his _Dictionary_, by arbitrarily\n    selecting certain syllables as the roots of all Cumrian words, done\n    much to foster this overweening conceit. The system was carried to its\n    extreme point of absurdity by the Rev. Edward Davies, who by the help\n    of such syllables expected to unravel the mysteries of all languages.\n    This failure has I hope paved the way for the more sober consideration\n    of the question, which, if worked out fairly, will in my opinion\n    establish the claim of the Cumrian tongue, if not to be the mother of\n    all tongues, at least to be a valuable branch of the Caucasian tree of\n    languages. Now, had the two races, the Roman and Cumrian, remained\n    always separate, a comparative etymology would have been an easy task;\n    for no more would be necessary than to put the similar roots, having\n    the same meaning, side by side. But, unfortunately for the scholar who\n    undertakes to prove the question, the Romans were in this island four\n    hundred years, colonised it partly, and partly gave it their own form\n    of civilisation. As before mentioned, the inhabitants adopted with\n    avidity the Roman dress, language, and literature. That language must\n    therefore be supposed to have entered deeply into the composition of\n    the present Cumrian tongue. The sceptical examiner may therefore\n    reasonably object, that any similarity between the two languages might\n    have originated in the adoption of that of Rome by the British\n    provincials. In answer to this I refer in the first place to Lloyd's\n    reasoning, quoted in the note,\" viz. that the same similarity exists\n    between the Latin and the Erse [see Newman, in the _Classical Museum_,\n    vol. vi.]. \"In the second place to the fact, that Wales and Cornwall do\n    not appear to have been occupied, like the rest of England, by the\n    Romans.\"... \"Still, however, the long residence of the Romans in the\n    island, with the known influence always produced by such a state of\n    things, renders every statement grounded on the similarity alone of the\n    languages of the two races, the conquered and the conquerors, liable to\n    suspicion. I have therefore been compelled to enter upon an exceedingly\n    difficult investigation, which, if successful, must prove the radical\n    identity of the Latin and Cumrian tongues. The proof is this: If there\n    are derivative words in the Latin, of which we must seek the primitives\n    in the Cumrian, and if these primitives be shown to furnish an\n    explanation of many words before inexplicable on etymological\n    principles. For example, if the word 'to tread' under various forms be\n    found, with the meaning 'to trample with the feet,' in most of the\n    western languages of Europe, and have no noun to base itself upon in\n    these languages, and yet the noun 'traed the feet' be found in one of\n    them, the inference is irresistible that the verb in all its forms was\n    derived from this root. To deny this would be equivalent to a denial\n    that the Latin verb _calcare_ came from _calx_, 'the heel.' In the\n    following list, such words alone, with a few exceptions for the sake of\n    etymological illustration, have been introduced. It might have been\n    indefinitely extended, but the difficulty was to confine the examples\n    within moderate limits.\"--Williams on _One Source of the Non-Hellenic\n    Portion of the Latin Language_.[2]\n\nThis eminent scholar supplies sixty-two, with explanatory notes, and\nsubjoins a list of sixty-three. Under the example \"Occo, occare, _to\nharrow_,\" he observes:\n\n    \"Persons who wish to draw subtle inferences say that all the terms of\n    the Romans connected with agriculture may be referred to a Greek\n    source, while the terms expressive of war and hunting are non-Hellenic.\n    The induction fails completely in both parts, as might easily be shown.\n    When Caesar landed in Britain, the natives were agriculturists, densely\n    planted. And Halley proved, that the harvest which Caesar's soldiers\n    reaped had ripened at the average period of a Kentish harvest in his\n    days. Assuredly then the Britons had not the agricultural names to\n    learn from the Romans of an after age.\"\n\n    \"I begin,\" says Newman, \"with the country and domestic animals, which\n    will show how very far from the truth Niebuhr was, when he imagined\n    that in words connected with 'the gentler pursuits of life' the Roman\n    language has peculiarly extensive agreement with the Hellenic.\"\n\nWhen your correspondent T. H. T. says--\n\n    \"Professor Newman, in his _Regal Rome_, has drawn attention to the\n    subject; but his induction does not appear sufficiently extensive to\n    warrant any decisive conclusion respecting the position the Celtic\n    holds as an element of the Latin,\"--\n\nhe could not have known that the same writer has, in the sixth volume of\nthe _Classical Museum_, continued the comparison at great length; and as\nthat work falls into the hands of but few, I shall transcribe some passages\nwhich may throw light on the subject:\n\n    \"It has for some years been recognised, at least by several English\n    scholars, that there is a remarkable similarity between the Celtic\n    languages and Latin. In the case of Welsh it was, I believe, at first\n    supposed that the words must have been introduced by the Roman dominion\n    in Britain; but when the likeness was found to exist in the Erse, and\n    that the Erse was even more like to Latin (as regards the consonants)\n    than the Welsh is, this idea of course fell to {358} the ground. The\n    scholar and physiologist, who pressed into notice the strong\n    similarities of the Celtic to the European languages, and claimed a\n    place for Celtic within that group, Dr. Prichard, has naturally fixed\n    his attention with so much strength on the _primitive_ relations of all\n    these tongues, as to be jealous and suspicious of an argument, which\n    alleges that the one has borrowed from the other. Some ten years ago,\n    by his favour, I read a MS. of a vocabulary (the composition of Dr.\n    Stratton, formerly of Aberdeen), which compared the Gaelic with the\n    Latin tongue in alphabetical order without comment or development. From\n    this vocabulary Prichard gives an extract in his chapter on the Italian\n    nations, and finds it entirely to confirm his views that the Roman\n    language has not suffered any larger admixture by a foreign action.\n    What is or was Dr. Stratton's opinion, I never heard. His vocabulary\n    first suggested to me the value of this inquiry, and that is all.\n    Having now been led to a fuller examination of the Welsh and Gaelic\n    dictionaries, I find not only a far greater abundance of material\n    (especially in the Welsh) than I could have imagined; but also, that by\n    grouping words aright, conclusions result such as I had not expected,\n    and adverse to those of Dr. Prichard.\"\n\nProfessor Newman, as T. H. T. has observed, confined himself to a tabular\nview of Celtic and Latin words; but the grammatical structure and formal\ndevelopment of the two languages have not been overlooked in the\nphilological literature of England. These interesting inquiries have been\npursued by Dr. Prichard, in his elaborate treatise on the _Eastern Origin\nof the Celtic Nations_, and the Rev. W. D. Conybeare, (in his _Theological\nLectures delivered in Bristol College in 1831-33_) has shown that it is by\nthus analysing the grammatical structure, which forms the very skeleton of\nlanguages, rather than by confining our attention to mere vocabularies,\nthat we may best detect their true affinities, and has illustrated this\ndoctrine by a few Welsh examples. In the _West of England Archaeological\nJournal_ is exhibited (I believe by the same author) the identity of verbal\nforms in the Welsh and Latin languages.\n\nNevertheless, Archdeacon Williams maintains that two languages may have a\ncommon vocabulary, but different grammars[3]:\n\n    \"The Latin language, whether from Pelasgic or Achaean influence, adopted\n    at an early period the Hellenic grammar; and, under the skilful hands\n    of the bilingual Ennius, became that polished interpreter of thought,\n    which yields in regularity and majesty to the Greek alone. The Cumri\n    either retained, which is more probable, a still more ancient, or\n    invented a grammar, now peculiar to themselves. This, although it be\n    simple and scientific in the highest degree, is so completely at\n    variance with all the other grammars of the civilised world, that\n    scholars who have to acquire it late in life feel the strongest\n    repugnance to its forms and principles, and are tempted to regard a\n    language more fixed and unchangeable in its principles than any other\n    existing, as more slippery and grasp-escaping than the Proteus of the\n    Grecian mythology.\"\n\nSince I wrote these extracts, I have been much gratified by the perusal of\nArchdeacon Williams's _Gomer_, which I recommend to all interested in this\ninquiry.\n\n  BIBLIOTHECAR. CHETHAM.\n\n[Footnote 2: In _Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh_, vol.\nxiii.]\n\n[Footnote 3: In his _Gomer_ he shows that the Latin and Cymraeg display\ngreat similarity in the tenses of the substantive verb.]\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nPHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE.\n\n_Box Sawdust for Collodion._--The following will be of some use to your\nphotographic readers:\n\nI find that, by treating box sawdust with nitric and sulphuric acid (in the\nsame manner as cotton), and then dissolving it in ether, it gives a far\nmore sensitive collodion than either cotton or paper, and the pictures\nproduced by it are of unequalled brilliancy.\n\nCan you inform me whether portraits can be taken _for sale_, by the\ncollodion process, without infringing upon the patents?\n\nCHAS. WHITWORTH.\n\nHenrietta St., Birmingham.\n\n_Proportions of Chlorides and Silver._--I trust you will allow me space in\nyour valuable work for some remarks in reference to an important\nphotographic query, viz. What are the proportions of chlorides and silver\nuniformly suited to give the best positive pictures?\n\nI am led to propose this subject for the consideration of practical\nphotographists, and, if possible, that amateurs may arrive at something\nlike a rule to guide them in printing positives that will please.\n\nThe necessity of these remarks, to me at least, appear very evident from\nthe wide space which stands between the proportions proposed by various\noperators. MR. LYTE, \"N. & Q.,\" Vol. ix., p. 158., says 42 grains of\nchloride and 100 grains of silver to 1 oz. of water. MR. POLLOCK, \"N. &Q.,\"\nVol. vii., p. 588., says 20 grains chloride, and 90 grains of silver to the\nounce. MR. HOCKIN has 10 grains chloride, silver 60. MR. DELAMOTTE, for\nalbumenized paper, chloride 60 grains, silver 120. MR. THORNTHWAITE begins\nas low as chloride 1/2 grain, and silver 30 grains; and lastly, amidst a long\nrange of proportions, from 1 grain of chloride to the ounce, and silver 20\ngrains to the ounce, DR. DIAMOND, a great authority in photography, assures\nall that the best results can be obtained by using of chloride 5 grains to\nthe ounce, and of silver 40 grains to the ounce. If so, let the\nphotographic world know that the latter proportions are sufficient, and the\nothers needless, wasteful, and expensive without cause. I trust you agree\nwith me in thinking that it would be of use to a large number of beginners\nto have the proportions best suited for printing positives defined as near\nas possible, and not be left to guess at proportions varying from 1/2 grain\nto 60 grains, and from 20 to 120. I have written hurriedly, and hope you\nwill see the object I aim at.\n\nAMATEUR.\n\n{359}\n\n_Photographic Copies of Rembrandt._--The extreme rarity and great pecuniary\nvalue of many of Rembrandt's finest etchings are doubtless well known to\nmany of our readers, as being such as to put these master-pieces of art\nbeyond the reach of ordinary purchasers. This series of works, calculated\nbeyond all others of their kind to delight the possessor, will however,\nthanks to photography, soon be obtainable by all admirers of the great\nmaster. Two distinguished French photographers, the brothers MM. Bisson,\nhave succeeded in obtaining, by means of this wonderful art, copies of a\nfidelity attainable by no other process: so that the wondrous lights,\nshades, half-tones, and chiaro-obscuro, for which Rembrandt is so\nremarkable, are preserved in all their original beauty. The plates will be\naccompanied by descriptive letter-press, and by a Biography of Rembrandt\nfrom the pen of M. Charles Blanc. As the works are so numerous, the first\nseries will consist of forty plates, to be issued in ten livraisons, each\ncontaining four plates, price twenty francs; a very moderate sum, if we\nremember that among the works thus to be issued, at a cost of five francs\neach, will be found copies of such gems as the _Avocat Tolling_ and the\n_Piece de Cent Florins_.\n\n_Coloured Photographs._--I have lately seen, and very much admired, some\nspecimens of photographic coloured portraits. They have all the broad\neffect of the great masters perfectly in detail, and none of the niggling\neffect of many coloured photographs, which are in fact specimens of\nminiature painting rather than photography--the outline alone being given\nby the photographic art. The specimens I refer to appear to have been\nsoaked in oil, or some transparent varnish, and then coloured in separate\ntints, probably from the back; the shadows being _entirely_ photographic.\nIt is evident they are quickly and easily executed; but I am desirous of\nknowing the exact process, and shall be much obliged for information on the\nsubject.\n\nAN AMATEUR.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nReplies to Minor Queries.\n\n_Dr. Eleazar Duncon_ (Vol. ix., pp. 56. 184.).--Dr. Eleazar Duncon, and his\nbrother Mr. John Duncon, are mentioned in Barnabas Oley's Preface to George\nHerbert's _Country Parson_, as having \"died before the miracle of our happy\nRestoration.\" There was another brother, Mr. Edmund Duncon, rector of\nFryarn Barnet, in the county of Middlesex; sent by Mr. Farrer to visit\nGeorge Herbert, during his last illness.\n\nE. H. A.\n\n_Christian Names_ (Vol. vii., pp. 406. 488. 626.).--The earliest instance I\nhave yet met with, of an individual with two Christian names, occurs in the\ncompulsory cession of the Abbey of Vale Royal to King Henry VIII.; the deed\nconveying which is still extant in the Augmentation Office. It is in Latin,\nand signed by John Harwood the Abbot, Alexander Sedon the Prior, _William\nBrenck Harrysun_, and twelve other monks of the Abbey. Vale Royal Abbey is\nnow the seat of Lord Delamere, into whose family it came by purchase in\n1616, from the descendant of Sir Thomas Holcroft, the original grantee from\nthe crown.\n\nT. HUGHES.\n\nChester.\n\nI send you a much earlier instance of two Christian names than any that has\nhitherto been given in your pages. Henry Prince of Wales, son of King Henry\nIV., was baptized by the names Henry Frederick. Vide Camden's _Remains_,\n4to., 1605. I have not a reference to the page.\n\nC. DE D.\n\n_Abigail_ (Vol. iv., pp. 424., &c.; Vol. viii., p. 653.).--Your recent\ncorrespondents on this subject do not appear to have met with the passage\nin which I mentioned, that since putting the question, I had found that a\nwaiting-maid in Beaumont and Fletcher's comedy of _The Scornful Lady_ was\nnamed Abigail; and that, as the play appeared to have been a favourite one,\nthe application of the name to the class generally was probably owing to\nit. In the absence of any proof of its having been previously used in this\nsense, I still continue to think that this conjecture was well founded.\nConsidering the terms on which Dean Swift was with the Mashams, he was the\nlast person in the world to have used such a term, unless it had been so\nlong in familiar use as to be deprived of all appearance of personal\nallusion to them.\n\nJ. S. WARDEN.\n\n\"_Begging the question_\" (Vol. viii., p. 640.).--This phrase is identical\nwith that of \"petitio principii,\" a figure of speech well known both to\nlogicians and mathematicians, _i. e._ assuming a point as proved, and\nreasoning upon it as such, which has in fact not been proved.\n\nJ. S. WARDEN.\n\n_Russian Emperors_ (Vol. ix., p. 222.).--I am informed by a late resident\nin Russia that the rumour to which MR. CROSFIELD refers has no foundation.\nI am farther informed, however, that after a twenty-five years' reign the\nmonarch has even more absolute and despotic authority than before the lapse\nof that time. I hope this subject may be well ventilated, as considerable\nmisapprehension exists about it.\n\nJOHN SCRIBE.\n\n_Garble_ (Vol. ix., p. 243.).--Your correspondent E. S. T. T. was mistaken\nwhen he said that the \"corrupt\" meaning of the word _garble_ is now the\nonly one ever used. In proof of this I would give one instance, familiar to\nme, in which it still retains its \"good\" signification. In \"working\"\ncochineal, spices, and other similar merchandise at the warehouse in which\nthey are stored upon their arrival in this country, the operation of {360}\nsifting and separating the good from the bad is termed _garbling_: the word\nbeing here employed in the very same sense as in the examples quoted by\nE. S. T. T., illustrative of its original meaning, and which sense he\nerroneously stated it no longer possessed.\n\nR. V. T.\n\nMincing Lane.\n\nI cannot agree with your correspondent E. S. T. T., that a corruption of\nmeaning has taken place in this word; and that whereas it originally meant\na selection of the good and a discarding of the bad parts of anything, its\npresent meaning, is exactly the reverse of this. Its original signification\nis correctly stated: the garbling of spices, drugs, &c., meant the\nselection of the good and the rejection of the bad. But the garbling of a\npassage cited as a testimony is a precisely analogous process. The person\nwho garbles the passage omits those parts which can be used against his\nview, and adduces only those parts which support his conclusion. He selects\nthe parts which are good, and rejects those which are bad, _for his\npurpose_. When a passage is said to be garbled, it is always implied that\nthe person who quotes it has suppressed a portion which tells against\nhimself; but that portion is, so far as he is concerned, the _bad_, not the\n_good_ portion. The secondary and metaphorical is therefore precisely\nanalogous to the primary and literal sense of the word, and not the reverse\nof it.\n\nL.\n\n_Electric Telegraph_ (Vol. ix., p. 270.).--As every new attempt to improve\nthis invaluable invention, and to extend its use, is of world-wide\nimportance, the following extract from _La Presse_, a French newspaper of\nMarch 23rd, will excite inquiry:\n\n    \"On ecrit de Berne, le 17 Mars, MM. Brunner et Hipp, directeurs des\n    telegraphes electriques de la Suisse, viennent d'inventer un appareil\n    portatif a l'aide duquel, en l'appliquant a un point quelconque des\n    fils telegraphiques, on peut transmettre une depeche. L'essai de cet\n    appareil a ete fait a deux lieues de Berne, dans un lieu ou il n'existe\n    aucune section de telegraphie.\"\n\nThe writer goes on to say that the experiment had been tested with success\non the lines to Zurich, Basle, Geneva, &c.\n\nJ. MACRAY.\n\nOxford.\n\n_Butler's \"Lives of the Saints\"_ (Vol. viii., p.387.).--The inquiry\nrespecting the various editions of this valuable work not having yet\nreceived any answer, the following information may in some degree satisfy\nthe inquirer. The first edition of the Rev. Alban Butler's _Lives of the\nSaints_ was published in the author's lifetime, at various intervals from\n1754 to 1759, when the last of the four volumes appeared, of which the\nedition was composed. Part II. of vol. iii. is now before me, with the date\n1758. No other edition appeared till after the death of the learned and\npious author, which took place in 1773.\n\nThe second edition was undertaken by the most Rev. Dr. Carpenter, Roman\nCatholic Archbishop of Dublin, and appeared in 12 vols. in 1779. It is\nstated in the title-page to be \"corrected and enlarged from the author's\nown MS.\" It did contain all the notes omitted in the previous edition, and\nother matter prepared by the author. The third edition was published in\nScotland, and other editions followed; but I am unable to give any\nparticulars of them. But the splendid stereotype edition, published in\nLondon by Murphy, in 1812, in 12 vols., is by far the best ever produced,\nor ever likely to appear. Since this there have been other editions; one in\n2 vols., published in Ireland, and a cheap edition in 12 small vols.,\nprinted at Derby; but they deserve little notice.\n\nF. C. H.\n\n_Anticipatory Use of the Cross_ (Vol. viii. _passim_).--In answer to\nparticular inquiry, I have been furnished by a resident in Macao with an\nanswer, of which the following is the substance:--The cross is commonly\nused in China, and consists of any flat boards of sufficient size, the\nupright shaft being usually eight to ten feet high. The transverse bar is\nfixed by a single nail or rivet, and is therefore often loose, and may be\nmade sometimes to traverse a complete circle. It is not so much an\ninstrument of punishment in itself, as it is an operation-board whereon to\nconfine the criminal, not with nails, but ropes, to undergo--as in the case\nof a woman taken in adultery--the cutting away of the flesh from the bosom.\nHe adds, that he has witnessed such punishment, and he has no doubt that\nthe cross has been used in this way in China immemorially. Any of your\ncorrespondents will much oblige me by correcting or confirming this\nstatement from positive testimony.\n\nT. J. BUCKTON.\n\nLichfield.\n\n_The Marquis of Granby_ (Vol. ix., p. 127.).--A portrait of this nobleman\nconstitutes the sign of a public-house at Doncaster, and of another at\nBawtry, nine miles from that town. His lordship, it is said, occasionally\noccupied Carr House, near the former place, as a hunting-box in the middle\nof the last century. As an instance of his lordship's popularity, I may\nhere add, that out of compliment to him, and for his greater convenience in\nhunting, at a period when there was a considerable extent of uninclosed and\nundrained country around Doncaster, the corporation directed several banks\nand passages to be made on their estate at Rossington; and in 1752, that\nbody likewise presented the Marquis with the freedom of the borough.\n\nC. J.\n\n{361}\n\n_Irish Letters_ (Vol. ix., p. 246).--The following inscription on the\nmonument of Lugnathan, nephew of St. Patrick, at Inchaguile, in Lough\nCorrib, co. Galway, is supposed to be the most ancient in Ireland:\n\n\"LIE LUGNAEDON MACC LMENUEH.\"\n\"The stone of Lugnaodon, son of Limenueh.\"\n\nThe oldest Irish manuscript is the Book of Armagh, which contains a copy of\nthe Gospels, and some very old lives of St. Patrick. (See O'Donovan's\n_Irish Grammar_, Dublin, 1845, p. lii.)\n\nTHOMPSON COOPER.\n\nCambridge.\n\n_Rev. John Cawley_ (Vol. ix., p. 247.).--In reply to the inquiry of C. T.\nR., What is the authority for stating that the Rev. John Cawley, rector of\nDidcot, was a son of Cawley the regicide? I send you the following extract\nfrom Wood's _Athenae_ (Bliss's edition), vol. iv. col. 580.:\n\n    \"John Cawley, son of Will. Cawley of the city of Chichester, gent.,\n    was, by the endeavours of his father, made Fellow of All Souls' College\n    (from that of Magdalen) by the visitors appointed by Parliament, anno\n    1649; took the degrees in arts, that of Master being completed in 1654;\n    and whether he became a preacher soon after, without any orders\n    conferred on him by a bishop, I cannot tell. Sure I am, that after his\n    Majesty's restoration, he became a great loyalist, disowned the former\n    actions of his father, who had been one of the judges of King Charles\n    I.; when he was tryed for his life by a pretended court of justice,\n    rayled at him (being then living in a skulking condition beyond sea);\n    and took all opportunities to free himself from having any hand or\n    anything to do in the times of usurpation. About which time, having\n    married one of the daughters of Mr. Pollard of Newnham Courtney, he\n    became rector of Dedcot, or Dudcot, in Berkshire; rector of Henley in\n    Oxfordshire; and in the beginning of March, 1666, Archdeacon of\n    Lincoln.\"\n\n[Greek: Halieus.]\n\nDublin.\n\n_New Zealander and Westminster Bridge_ (Vol. ix., pp. 74. 159.).--Your\ncorrespondents have traced this celebrated passage to a letter from Horace\nWalpole to Sir H. Mann, and to passages in poems by Mrs. Barbauld and Kirke\nWhite. It appears to me that the following extract from the Preface to\nP. B. Shelley's _Peter Bell the Third_, has more resemblance to it. It is\naddressed to Moore:\n\n    \"Hoping that the immortality which you have given to the Fudges you\n    will receive from them; and in the firm expectation, that when London\n    shall be an habitation of bitterns, when St. Paul's and Westminster\n    Abbey shall stand shapeless and nameless ruins, in the midst of an\n    unpeopled marsh; when the piers of Westminster Bridge shall become the\n    nuclei of islets of reeds and osiers, and cast the jagged shadows of\n    their broken arches on the solitary stream; some transatlantic\n    commentator will be weighing in the scales of some new and now\n    unimagined system of criticism, the respective merits of the Bells, and\n    the Fudges, and their historians.\"\n\nJOHN THRUPP.\n\n10. York Gate.\n\nSeveral passages from different writers having been mentioned in your\ncolumns as likely to have suggested to our brilliant essayist and historian\nhis celebrated graphic sketch of the New Zealander meditating over the\nruins of London, I would beg leave to hint the probability that not one of\nthose many passages were present to his mind or memory at the moment he\nwrote. The fact is that the picture is so true to nature, and has been so\noften sketched, and the associations and reflections arising from it so\noften felt and described, that I cannot for a moment admit the insinuation\nof a charge of plagiarism, or even unconscious adaptation of another's\nthoughts in one so abundantly stored with imagery of his own, that the very\noverflowings of his own wealth would enrich a generation of writers. It has\nhowever occurred to me that his classic mind might have remembered the\npicture of Marius amid the ruins of Carthage, or, more probably, the still\nmore striking passage in the celebrated letter of Sulpicius to Cicero, on\nthe death of his daughter Tullia, in which he describes himself, on his\nreturn from Asia, as sailing from AEgina towards Megara, and contemplating\nthe surrounding countries:\n\n    \"Behind me lay AEgina, before me Megara; on my right I saw Piraeus, and\n    on my left Corinth. These cities, once so flourishing and magnificent,\n    now presented nothing to my view but a sad spectacle of desolation.\"\n\nAnd he then proceeds with his melancholy reflections on so many perishing\nmemorials of human glory and grandeur in so small a compass.\n\nG. W. T.\n\nVolney wrote thus:\n\n    \"Qui sait si sur les rives de la Seine, de la Tamise ... dans le\n    tourbillon de tant de jouissances ... un voyageur, comme moi, ne\n    s'asseoira pas un jour sur de muettes ruines, et ne pleurera pas\n    solitaire sur la cendre des peuples et la memoire de leur\n    grandeur?\"--_Les Ruines_, chap. ii. p. 11.\n\nMACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A.\n\n_Misapplication of Terms_ (Vol. ix., p. 44.).--I cannot pretend to set up\nmy judgment against that of MR. SQUEERS, who has in his favour the\nproverbial wisdom of the Schools. Riddle, however, who I believe is an\nauthority, gives the word LEGO no such meaning as \"to hearken.\" If Plautus\nuses the word in that sense, as it is an uncommon one, the passage should\nhave been quoted, or a reference given. The meaning of {362} the word\nappears to be \"to collect, run over, see, read, choose.\" In justification\nof my criticism, and in reply to MR. SQUEERS, I shall quote Horne Tooke's\nremark, in speaking of \"[Greek: ta deonta], or things which ought to be\ndone;\" _Div. Purley_, Pt. II. ch. viii. (vol. ii. pp. 499-501., edit.\n1849):\n\n    \"The first of these, LEGEND, which means _That which ought to be read_,\n    is, from the early misapplication of the term by impostors, now used by\n    us as if it meant, _That which ought to be laughed at_. And so it is\n    explained in our Dictionaries.\"\n\nAt the hazard of being again deemed hypercritical, while on this subject,\n_the misapplication of terms_, I must question the correctness of the\nphrase \"_Under_ the _circum_stance.\" A thing must be _in_ or _amidst_ its\n_circum_-stances; it cannot be _under_ them. I admit the commonness of the\nexpression, but it is not the less a solecism. Can you inform me when it\nwas introduced? I hope it is not old enough to be considered inveterate.\nThe best authors write \"in the circumstances;\" and yet so prevalent is the\nanomaly, that in a very respectable periodical, not long since, the French\n\"_dans_ les circonstances presentes,\" given as a quotation, is rendered\n\"_Under_ the present circumstances.\"\n\nJ. W. THOMAS.\n\nDewsbury.\n\n_Hoglandia_ (Vol. viii., p. 151.).--In reply to an inquiry for the full\ntitle of a book from which a quotation is given in _Pugna Porcorum_, the\nfull title is [Greek: Choirochorographia], _sive Hoglandiae descriptio_,\npublished anonymously in 1709, in retaliation of Edward Holdsworth's\n_Muscipula_. \"Hoglandia\" is Hampshire, and Holdsworth probably was a\nHampshire man, for he was educated at Winchester, and we may presume the\nanonymous author to have been a Cambro-Briton.\n\nH. L.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nMiscellaneous.\n\nBOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE.\n\nLINGARD'S ENGLAND. Foolscap 8vo. 1844. Vols. I. to V., and X. and XI.\n\nTHE WORKS OF DR. JONATHAN SWIFT. London, printed for C. Bathurst, in Fleet\nStreet, 1768. Vol. VII. (Vol. VI. ending with \"Verses on the Death of Dr.\nSwift,\" written in Nov. 1731.)\n\nBYRON'S WORKS. Vol. VI. of Murray's Edition. 1829.\n\nThe Volume of the LONDON POLYGLOTT which contains the Prophets.\nImperfection in other parts of no consequence.\n\nCARLISLE ON GRAMMAR SCHOOLS.\n\nTHE CIRCLE OF THE SEASONS. London, 1828. 12mo. Two copies.\n\n*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be\nsent to MR. BELL, Publisher of \"NOTES AND QUERIES,\" 186. Fleet Street.\n\nParticulars of Price, &c. of the following Books to be sent direct to the\ngentlemen by whom they are required, and whose names and addresses are\ngiven for that purpose:\n\nLATIMER'S SERMONS. Published by the Parker Society. Vol. I.\n\n  Wanted by _Mr. J. G. Nichols_, 25. Parliament Street.\n\nPLANS OR MAPS OF ANCIENT LONDON, and Representations of Remarkable and\nInteresting Objects connected therewith--large size (such as Old St.\nPaul's, Paul's Cross, Old London Bridge, &c.).\n\nA Copy of No. 1. (or early number) of \"The Times\" Newspaper.\n\nA Copy of one of the \"Broadsheets\" issued during the Plague.\n\n  Wanted by _Mr. Joseph Simpson_, Librarian, Literary and Scientific\n      Institution, Islington, London.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nNotices to Correspondents.\n\n_Owing to our being compelled to go to press this week ready for\npublication on Thursday, and to the great mass of_ REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES\n_waiting for insertion, we have been compelled to omit our usual_ NOTES ON\nBOOKS, &c.\n\nQUAESTOR, _who calls our attention to the catalogue in which certain_ Hollar\n_and_ Eyre _drawings are inserted, attached to the_ Gentleman's Magazine,\n_is thanked. We were, however, already aware of it. The subject is too\nimportant to be lost sight of._\n\nA. Z. _is thanked. We should of course be glad if_ \"N. & Q.\" _could be\npurchased at all Railway Stations, but have no means of securing it. If\nfrequently asked for, we have no doubt that the supply will follow the\ndemand._\n\nMONTROSE'S _reply has been anticipated. Thanks._\n\nA QUERIST. _We wish our Correspondents would take the trouble of just\nreferring to our volumes before forwarding Queries upon well-known\nsubjects. We have repeatedly answered similar inquiries, and again only in\nour last Number, by referring, for the history and illustration of_ \"God\ntempers the wind to the shorn lamb,\" _to our_ First Volume.\n\nH. MARTIN. _Mr. Keble's edition of Hooker is more carefully edited than\nHanbury's._\n\nABHBA. _The reference must certainly be to Richard Sterne, Archbishop of\nYork, one of the supposed authors of the_ Whole Duty of Man: _see our_\nSixth Volume, p. 537.\n\nA. P. HAYES. _We suspect the following is the title of the work\nrequired:--\"Pedestrianism; or, an Account of the Performances of celebrated\nPedestrians during the last and present Century: with a full Narrative of\nCaptain Barclay's public and private Matches: and an Essay on Training. By\nWalter Thom. Aberdeen, 1813. 8vo.\"_\n\nNEISON ON RAILWAY ACCIDENTS. _A Correspondent wishes to know where this\npamphlet may be seen, and whether it is on sale._\n\nW. S. _For the etymology of lampoon, see Todd's_ Johnson, _and\nRichardson's_ Dictionary. _Bailey derives it from_ Lampons, _a drunken\nsong. It imports_ Let us drink, _from the old French_ lamper, _and was\nrepeated at the end of each couplet at carousals_.\n\nW. A. W. (Brighton). _The specked appearance is entirely owing to your\nhaving the wrong paper for your negatives. When Turner's paper is really\ngood it is invaluable, but the specks so abundant in it are a great\ndrawback._\n\nH. H. (Glasgow). _We think a practical lesson from some _experienced_ hand\nwould put you right in all your little failures. It is evident from your\nperseverance that great success will ultimately attend you. It is very\ndifficult to describe all the minutiae by correspondence._\n\nA SUBSCRIBER (Atherstone). _1. We think your failures appear to arise from\ndefective iodized paper. If the least portion of iodide of potash remains,\nthe browning will take place; or the acetic acid may not be pure: add a\nlittle more. 2. If the least portion of hypo. contaminates your silver\nsolutions, they are useless; to reduce it to its metallic state again is\nthe only remedy. 3. The views taken_ instantaneously _are with collodion.\nIt may be applied equally well upon paper as glass; and the advantage of\npaper negatives is very great over glass_.\n\nPHOTOGRAPHY.--_We hope next week to lay before our readers the particulars\nof a new process, combining all the advantages of the_ waxed-paper, _but\nwithout its difficulties and uncertainties_.\n\nOUR EIGHTH VOLUME _is now bound and ready for delivery, price 10s. 6d.,\ncloth, boards. A few sets of the whole Eight Volumes are being made up,\nprice 4l. 4s.--For these early application is desirable._\n\n\"NOTES AND QUERIES\" _is published at noon on Friday, so that the Country\nBooksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcels, and deliver them to\ntheir Subscribers on the Saturday_.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n{363}\n\nRECENT PUBLICATIONS OF THE CAMBRIDGE ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY.\n\nQUARTO SERIES.\n\nEvangelia Angustini Gregoriana. By the REV. J. GOODWIN, B.D. 20s.\n\nAn Historical Inquiry touching St. Catherine of Alexandria, illustrated by\na Semi-Saxon Legend. By the REV. C. HARDWICK, M.A. 12s.\n\nOCTAVO SERIES.\n\nI. Anglo-Saxon Legends of St. Andrew and St. Veronica. By C. W. GOODWIN,\nM.A. 2_s_ 6d.\n\nII. Graeco-Egyptian Fragment on Magic. By C. W. GOODWIN, M.A. 3s. 6d.\n\nIII. Ancient Cambridgeshire. By C. C. BABINGTON, M.A. 3s. 6d.\n\nReports and Communications, Nos. I. and II. 1s. each.\n\nIndex to Baker Manuscripts. 7s. 6d.\n\nJ. DEIGHTON; MACMILLAN & CO., Cambridge.\n\nJohn W. PARKER & SON, and GEORGE BELL, London.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nAt all the Libraries, 2 vols. post 8vo., 18s.,\n\nLIFE OF JEROME CARDAN, of Milan, Physician. By HENRY MORLEY.\n\n    \"The author has studied Cardan with an eye of philosophical interest\n    and curiosity--he has treated him picturesquely, and at times almost\n    playfully.... We can hardly say that Mr. Morley is too speculative for\n    a biographer, and we cannot sufficiently commend his care in collection\n    and his skill in accumulation.\"--_Athenaeum._\n\nAlso, by the same Author,\n\n2 vols. post 8vo., cloth, 18s.\n\nTHE LIFE OF BERNARD PALISSY, of SAINTES; his Labours and Discoveries in Art\nand Science; with an Outline of his Philosophical Doctrines, and\nIllustrative Selections from his Works.\n\nOne vol. 8vo., 10s. 6d.\n\nA VISIT to PORTUGAL and MADEIRA. By the LADY EMMELINE STUART WORTLEY.\n\nLondon: CHAPMAN & HALL,\n193. Piccadilly.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nAS SECRETARY OR AMANUENSIS.\n\nA GENTLEMAN who is fully conversant with the French, German, and Italian\nLanguages, is desirous of obtaining some PERMANENT EMPLOYMENT. He can give\nsatisfactory references as to Competency and Respectability of Family and\nConnexions.\n\nAddress, F. G. H., care of MR. NEWMAN, Publisher, 9. Devonshire Street,\nBishopsgate Street.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nCLASSICAL MUSICAL LIBRARY.--Subscribers are liberally supplied, on loan,\nwith every description of New Vocal and Instrumental Music, and have also\nat their disposal upwards of 3,000 volumes, including the Standard Operas,\nItalian, German, French, and English Songs, and all kinds of Instrumental\nMusic. During the Term of Subscription, each Subscriber has the privilege\nof selecting--for his own property--from 100,000 different pieces, 3\nGuineas' worth of Music. Prospectuses forwarded Free on application.\n\nJULLIEN & CO., 214. Regent Street.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nNow ready, price 25s., Second Edition, revised and corrected. Dedicated by\nSpecial Permission to\n\nTHE (LATE) ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY.\n\nPSALMS AND HYMNS FOR THE SERVICE OF THE CHURCH. The words selected by the\nVery Rev. H. H. MILMAN, D.D., Dean of St. Paul's. The Music arranged for\nFour Voices, but applicable also to Two or One, including Chants for the\nServices, Responses to the Commandments, and a Concise SYSTEM OF CHANTING,\nby J. B. SALE, Musical Instructor and Organist to Her Majesty. 4to., neat,\nin morocco cloth, price 25s. To be had of Mr. J. B. SALE, 21. Holywell\nStreet, Millbank, Westminster, on the receipt of a Post-office Order for\nthat amount: and, by order, of the principal Booksellers and Music\nWarehouses.\n\n    \"A great advance on the works we have hitherto had, connected with our\n    Church and Cathedral Service.\"--_Times._\n\n    \"A collection of Psalm Tunes certainly unequalled in this\n    country.\"--_Literary Gazette._\n\n    \"One of the best collections of tunes which we have yet seen. Well\n    merits the distinguished patronage under which it appears.\"--_Musical\n    World._\n\n    \"A collection of Psalms and Hymns, together with a system of Chanting\n    of a very superior character to any which has hitherto\n    appeared.\"--_John Bull._\n\nLondon: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.\n\nAlso, lately published,\n\nJ. B. SALE'S SANCTUS, COMMANDMENTS and CHANTS as performed at the Chapel\nRoyal St. James, price 2s.\n\nC. LONSDALE, 26. Old Bond Street.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nSURPLICES.\n\nGILBERT J. FRENCH, Bolton, Lancashire, has prepared his usual large Supply\nof SURPLICES, in Anticipation of EASTER.\n\nPARCELS delivered FREE at Railway Stations.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nPHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS.\n\nOTTEWILL AND MORGAN'S Manufactory, 24. & 25. Charlotte Terrace, Caledonian\nRoad, Islington.\n\nOTTEWILL'S Registered Double Body Folding Camera, adapted for Landscapes or\nPortraits, may be had of A. ROSS, Featherstone Buildings, Holborn; the\nPhotographic Institution, Bond Street; and at the Manufactory as above,\nwhere every description of Cameras, Slides, and Tripods may be had. The\nTrade supplied.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nONE THOUSAND BEDSTEADS TO CHOOSE FROM.--HEAL & SON'S Stock comprises a\nlarge Assortment of handsomely Japanned and Brass-mounted IRON BEDSTEADS,\nCHILDREN'S CRIBS and COTS of new and elegant designs: MAHOGANY, BIRCH, and\nWALNUT-TREE BEDSTEADS, of the soundest and best Manufacture, many of them\nfitted with Furnitures, complete; and every variety of SERVANTS' and\nPORTABLE BEDSTEADS. They have also a large Assortment of\n\nBED-ROOM FURNITURE, comprising WARDROBES, both in Japanned Wood and\nMahogany, from 4 ft. to 8 ft. long, fitted with every variety of\narrangement; DRESSING TABLES and GLASSES, WASHSTANDS, DRAWERS, and every\nArticle for the complete furnishing of a Bed-room.\n\nHEAL & SON'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF BED-STEADS and priced List of\nBedding, containing designs and prices of upwards of One Hundred Bedsteads\n(representing a Stock of upwards of One Thousand), sent Free by Post.\n\nHEAL & SON, 196. Tottenham Court Road.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nPHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION.\n\nTHE EXHIBITION OF PHOTOGRAPHS, by the most eminent English and Continental\nArtists, is OPEN DAILY from Ten till Five. Free Admission.\n\n                                            L  s. d.\n  A Portrait by Mr. Talbot's Patent\n    Process                                 1  1  0\n  Additional Copies (each)                  0  5  0\n  A Coloured Portrait, highly finished\n    (small size)                            3  3  0\n  A Coloured Portrait, highly finished\n    (larger size)                           5  5  0\n\nMiniatures, Oil Paintings, Water-Colour, and Chalk Drawings, Photographed\nand Coloured in imitation of the Originals. Views of Country Mansions,\nChurches, &c., taken at a short notice.\n\nCameras, Lenses, and all the necessary Photographic Apparatus and\nChemicals, are supplied, tested, and guaranteed.\n\nGratuitous Instruction is given to Purchasers of Sets of Apparatus.\n\nPHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION,\n168. New Bond Street.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nSMEE'S BINOCULAR PERSPECTIVE PHOTOGRAPHS.--A full account of the mode of\ntaking these extraordinary Likenesses in \"Smee on the Eye,\" just published,\nprice 5s.\n\nHORNE, THORNTHWAITE & WOOD,\n123. Newgate Street, London.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nPHOTOGRAPHY.--HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining Instantaneous\nViews, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, according to light.\n\nPortraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the choicest\nDaguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their Establishment.\n\nAlso every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used in this\nbeautiful Art.--123. and 121. Newgate Street.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nIMPROVEMENT IN COLLODION.--J. B. HOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 289. Strand, have,\nby an improved mode of Iodizing, succeeded in producing a Collodion equal,\nthey may say superior, in sensitiveness and density of Negative, to any\nother hitherto published; without diminishing the keeping properties and\nappreciation of half-tint for which their manufacture has been esteemed.\n\nApparatus, pure Chemicals, and all the requirements for the practice of\nPhotography. Instruction in the Art.\n\nTHE COLLODION AND POSITIVE PAPER PROCESS. By J. B. HOCKIN. Price 1s., per\nPost, 1s. 2d.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nCOLLODION PORTRAITS AND VIEWS obtained with the greatest ease and certainty\nby using BLAND & LONG'S preparation of Soluble Cotton; certainty and\nuniformity of action over a lengthened period, combined with the most\nfaithful rendering of the half-tones, constitute this a most valuable agent\nin the hands of the photographer.\n\nAlbumenized paper, for printing from glass or paper negatives, giving a\nminuteness of detail unattained by any other method, 5s. per Quire.\n\nWaxed and Iodized Papers of tried quality. Instruction in the Processes.\n\nBLAND & LONG. Opticians and Photographical Instrument Makers, and Operative\nChemists, 153. Fleet Street, London.\n\n  *** Catalogues sent on application.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nTHE SIGHT preserved by the Use of SPECTACLES adapted to suit every variety\nof Vision by means of SMEE'S OPTOMETER, which effectually prevents Injury\nto the Eyes from the Selection of Improper Glasses, and is extensively\nemployed by\n\nBLAND & LONG, Opticians, 153. Fleet Street, London.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n{364}\n\nWESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY.\n\n3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.\n\nFounded A.D. 1842.\n\n  _Directors._\n\n  H. E. Bicknell, Esq.          | T. Grissell, Esq.\n  T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq., M.P.  | J. Hunt, Esq.\n  G. H. Drew, Esq.              | J. A. Lethbridge, Esq.\n  W. Evans, Esq.                | E. Lucas, Esq.\n  W. Freeman, Esq.              | J. Lys Seager, Esq.\n  F. Fuller, Esq.               | J. B. White, Esq.\n  J. H. Goodhart, Esq.          | J. Carter Wood, Esq.\n\n  _Trustees._--W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq., T. Grissell,\n      Esq.\n  _Physician._--William Rich. Basham, M.D.\n  _Bankers._--Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross.\n\nVALUABLE PRIVILEGE.\n\nPOLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary\ndifficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to\nsuspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed in\nthe Prospectus.\n\nSpecimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in\nthree-fourths of the Profits:--\n\n  Age       L   s.  d. | Age       L   s.  d.\n   17       1  14   4  |  32       2  10   8\n   22       1  18   8  |  37       2  18   6\n   27       2   4   5  |  42       3   8   2\n\nARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary.\n\nNow ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material additions,\nINDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE ON BENEFIT BUILDING\nSOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment, exemplified in\nthe Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a\nMathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR\nSCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3.\nParliament Street, London.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nPIANOFORTES, 25 Guineas each.--D'ALMAINE & CO., 20. Soho Square\n(established A.D. 1785), sole manufacturers of the ROYAL PIANOFORTES, at 25\nGuineas each. Every instrument warranted. The peculiar advantages of these\npianofortes are best described in the following professional testimonial,\nsigned by the majority of the leading musicians of the age:--\"We, the\nundersigned members of the musical profession, having carefully examined\nthe Royal Pianofortes manufactured by MESSRS. D'ALMAINE & CO., have great\npleasure in bearing testimony to their merits and capabilities. It appears\nto us impossible to produce instruments of the same size possessing a\nricher and finer tone, more elastic touch, or more equal temperament, while\nthe elegance of their construction renders them a handsome ornament for the\nlibrary, boudoir, or drawing-room. (Signed) J. L. Abel, F. Benedict, H. R.\nBishop, J. Blewitt, J. Brizzi, T. P. Chipp, P. Delavanti, C. H. Dolby,\nE. F. Fitzwilliam, W. Forde, Stephen Glover, Henri Herz, E. Harrison, H. F.\nHasse, J. L. Hatton, Catherine Hayes, W. H. Holmes, W. Kuhe, G. F.\nKiallmark, E. Land, G. Lanza, Alexander Lee, A. Leffler, E. J. Loder, W. H.\nMontgomery, S. Nelson, G. A. Osborne, John Parry, H. Panofka, Henry\nPhillips, F. Praegar, E. F. Rimbault, Frank Romer, G. H. Rodwell, E.\nRockel, Sims Reeves, J. Templeton, F. Weber, H. Westrop, T. H. Wright,\" &c.\n\nD'ALMAINE & CO., 20. Soho Square. Lists and Designs Gratis.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nCHUBB'S LOCKS, with all the recent improvements. Strong fire-proof safes,\ncash and deed boxes. Complete lists of sizes and prices may be had on\napplication.\n\nCHUBB & SON, 57. St. Paul's Churchyard, London; 28. Lord Street, Liverpool;\n16. Market Street, Manchester; and Horseley Fields, Wolverhampton.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nIMPERIAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY.\n\n1. OLD BROAD STREET, LONDON.\n\nInstituted 1820.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nSAMUEL HIBBERT, ESQ., _Chairman_.\n\nWILLIAM R. ROBINSON, ESQ., _Deputy-Chairman_.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nThe SCALE OF PREMIUMS adopted by this Office will be found of a very\nmoderate character, but at the same time quite adequate to the risk\nincurred.\n\nFOUR-FIFTHS, or 80 per cent. of the Profits, are assigned to Policies\n_every fifth year_, and may be applied to increase the sum insured, to an\nimmediate payment in cash, or to the reduction and ultimate extinction of\nfuture Premiums.\n\nONE-THIRD of the Premium on Insurances of 500l. and upwards, for the whole\nterm of life, may remain as a debt upon the Policy, to be paid off at\nconvenience; or the Directors will lend sums of 50l. and upwards, on the\nsecurity of Policies effected with this Company for the whole term of life,\nwhen they have acquired an adequate value.\n\nSECURITY.--Those who effect Insurances with this Company are protected by\nits Subscribed Capital of 750,000l., of which nearly 140,000l. is invested,\nfrom the risk incurred by Members of Mutual Societies.\n\nThe satisfactory financial condition of the Company, exclusive of the\nSubscribed and Invested Capital, will be seen by the following Statement:\n\n  On the 31st October, 1853, the sums\n  Assured, including Bonus added,\n  amounted to                          L2,500,000\n\n  The Premium Fund to more than           800,000\n\n  And the Annual Income from the\n  same source, to                         109,000\n\nInsurances, without participation in Profits, may be effected at reduced\nrates.\n\n  SAMUEL INGALL, Actuary.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nALLSOPP'S PALE or BITTER ALE. MESSRS. S. ALLSOPP & SONS beg to inform the\nTRADE that they are now registering Orders for the March Brewings of their\nPALE ALE in Casks of 18 Gallons and upwards, at the BREWERY,\nBurton-on-Trent; and at the under-mentioned Branch Establishments:\n\n  LONDON, at 61. King William Street, City.\n  LIVERPOOL, at Cook Street.\n  MANCHESTER, at Ducie Place.\n  DUDLEY, at the Burnt Tree.\n  GLASGOW, at 115. St. Vincent Street.\n  DUBLIN, at 1. Crampton Quay.\n  BIRMINGHAM, at Market Hall.\n  SOUTH WALES, at 13. King Street, Bristol.\n\nMESSRS. ALLSOPP & SONS take the opportunity of announcing to PRIVATE\nFAMILIES that their ALES, so strongly recommended by the Medical\nProfession, may be procured in DRAUGHT and BOTTLES GENUINE from all the\nmost RESPECTABLE LICENSED VICTUALLERS, on \"ALLSOPP'S PALE ALE\" being\nspecially asked for.\n\nWhen in bottle, the genuineness of the label can be ascertained by its\nhaving \"ALLSOPP & SONS\" written across it.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nW. H. HART, RECORD AGENT and LEGAL ANTIQUARIAN (who is in the possession of\nIndices to many of the early Public Records whereby his Inquiries are\ngreatly facilitated) begs to inform Authors and Gentlemen engaged in\nAntiquarian or Literary Pursuits, that he is prepared to undertake searches\namong the Public Records, MSS. in the British Museum, Ancient Wills, or\nother Depositories of a similar Nature, in any Branch of Literature,\nHistory, Topography, Genealogy, or the like, and in which he has had\nconsiderable experience.\n\n1. ALBERT TERRACE, NEW CROSS, HATCHAM, SURREY.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nPatronised by the Royal Family.\n\nTWO THOUSAND POUNDS for any person producing Articles superior to the\nfollowing:\n\nTHE HAIR RESTORED AND GREYNESS PREVENTED.\n\nBEETHAM'S CAPILLARY FLUID is acknowledged to be the most effectual article\nfor Restoring the Hair in Baldness, strengthening when weak and fine,\neffectually preventing falling or turning grey, and for restoring its\nnatural colour without the use of dye. The rich glossy appearance it\nimparts is the admiration of every person. Thousands have experienced its\nastonishing efficacy. Bottles, 2s. 6d.; double, 4s. 6d.; 7s. 6d. equal to 4\nsmall; 11s. to 6 small; 21s. to 13 small. The most perfect beautifier ever\ninvented.\n\nSUPERFLUOUS HAIR REMOVED.\n\nBEETHAM'S VEGETABLE EXTRACT does not cause pain or injury to the skin. Its\neffect is unerring, and it is now patronised by royalty and hundreds of the\nfirst families. Bottles, 5s.\n\nBEETHAM'S PLASTER is the only effectual remover of Corns and Bunions. It\nalso reduces enlarged Great Toe Joints in an astonishing manner. If space\nallowed, the testimony of upwards of twelve thousand individuals, during\nthe last five years, might be inserted. Packets, 1s.; Boxes, 2s. 6d. Sent\nFree by BEETHAM, Chemist, Cheltenham, for 14 or 36 Post Stamps.\n\n    Sold by PRING, 30. Westmorland Street; JACKSON, 9. Westland Row; BEWLEY\n    & EVANS, Dublin; GOULDING, 108. Patrick Street, Cork; BARRY, 9. Main\n    Street, Kinsale; GRATTAN, Belfast; MURDOCK, BROTHERS, Glasgow; DUNCAN &\n    FLOCKHART, Edinburgh. SANGER, 150. Oxford Street; PROUT, 229. Strand;\n    KEATING, St. Paul's Churchyard; SAVORY & MOORE, Bond Street; HANNAY,\n    63. Oxford Street; London. All Chemists and Perfumers will procure\n    them.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nALLEN'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, containing Size, Price, and Description of\nupwards of 100 articles, consisting of PORTMANTEAUS, TRAVELLING-BAGS,\nLadies' Portmanteaus, DESPATCH-BOXES, WRITING-DESKS, DRESSING-CASES, and\nother travelling requisites, Gratis on application, or sent free by Post on\nreceipt of Two Stamps.\n\nMESSRS. ALLEN'S registered Despatch-box and Writing-desk, their\nTravelling-bag with the opening as large as the bag, and the new\nPortmanteau containing four compartments, are undoubtedly the best articles\nof the kind ever produced.\n\nJ. W. & T. ALLEN, 18. & 22. West Strand.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nBENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION, No. 1. Class X.,\nin Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all Climates,\nmay now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold London-made\nPatent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 4\nguineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas.\nDitto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, with\nChronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket\nChronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch skilfully\nexamined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2l., 3l., and\n4l. Thermometers from 1s. each.\n\nBENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, the\nBoard of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen,\n\n65. CHEAPSIDE.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nPrinted by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 10. Stonefield Street, in the Parish\nof St. Mary, Islington, at No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St.\nBride, in the City of London; and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186.\nFleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of\nLondon, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, April 15.\n1854.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nCorrections made to printed original.\n\npage 358, \"I find that, by treating box sawdust\": 'It find that' in\noriginal.\n\npage 361, \"unimagined system of criticism\": 'sytem' in original.","title":"Notes and Queries, Number 233, April 15, 1854: A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.","tradition":"myth-cosmogony","translated_text":null,"word_count":23487}