{"collection":"scripture-revelation","full_text_available":true,"graph_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/v2/api/page/gutenberg_38500/graph","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/v2/page/gutenberg_38500","id":"gutenberg_38500","license":"Public Domain (US)","rights_basis":"gutenberg_metadata_copyright_false","source":"gutenberg","source_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/38500","summary":null,"tags":["Category: Art","Category: Religion/Spirituality","Jesus Christ -- Art","Jesus Christ -- Biography","Painting"],"text":"Produced by Michael Gray, Diocese of San Jose\n\n\n\n\n[Illustration: \"I am the Light of the World\"]\nHolman Hunt. 1827-\n_\"I am the Light of the World.\"_\n\n\n\n THE\n GREAT PAINTERS' GOSPEL\n\n PICTURES\n representing scenes and\n incidents in the life of\n Our Lord Jesus Christ\n\n _With scriptural quotations, references and suggestions for\ncomparative study_\n\n By HENRY TURNER BAILEY\n\n W A WILDE COMPANY\n BOSTON MASS\n USA\n\n\n\n COPYRIGHT 1900 BY\n W. A. WILDE COMPANY\n All rights reserved\n\n\n\n\nTABLE OF CONTENTS.\n\nIntroductory.\n\nThe Annunciation.\n\n \"Hail Mary\" Luke 1:28 TITIAN\n \"Blessed art thou among women\" Luke 1:28 HOFMANN\n \"Thou hast found favor with God\" Luke 1:28 RENI\n \"How shall this be?\" Luke 1:34 BAROCCIO\n \"The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee\" Luke 1:35 DOSSO\n \"Let it be unto me according to thy Luke 1:38 MUeLLER\n word\"\n\nThe Salutation.\n\n Mary saluting Elizabeth Luke 1:40 ALBERTINELLI\n\nThe Birth of John.\n\n \"His name is John\" Luke 1:63 FRA ANGELICO\n\n\nChildhood.\n\nNativity.\n\n \"No room for them in the inn\" Luke 2:7 MERSON\n \"The angel of the Lord came upon them\" Luke 2:9 PLOeCKHORST\n \"Glory to God in the highest\" Luke 2:14 HOFMANN\n \"Found Mary and Joseph and the babe\" Luke 2:16 LEROLLE\n \"Wondered at those things\" Luke 2:18 CORREGGIO\n BOUGUEREAU\n MUeLLER\n\nPresentation.\n\n \"Now lettest thou thy servant depart Luke 2:29 FATTORINO\n in peace\"\n \"This child is set for the falling Luke 2:34 CHAMPAIGNE\n and rising up of many in Israel\"\n \"A sword shall pierce thine own soul\" Luke 2:35 BORGOGNONE\n Anna coming up at that instant Luke 2:38 BOURDON\n BARTOLOMMEO\n\nAdoration of Magi.\n\n The star stood over the child Matt. 2:9 HOFMANN\n They came to the house Matt. 2:11 MALDINI\n And they worshipped the child Matt. 2:11 LUINI\n And gave unto him gifts Matt. 2:11 BONIFAZIO\n\nFlight into Egypt.\n\n An angel appeared to Joseph in a dream Matt. 2:13 CRESPI\n He arose and departed Matt. 2:14 FUeRST\n With the child and his mother Matt. 2:14 PLOCKHOeRST\n Guided by the angel HOFMANN\n Into Egypt Matt. 2:14 BENZ\n In Egypt MERSON\n Was there till the death of Herod Matt. 2:15 MORRIS\n\nReturn to Nazareth.\n\n Mother and child MURILLO\n \"Grace of God was upon him\" Luke 2:40 MURILLO\n Daily life at Nazareth HOFMANN\n\n\nYouth.\n\nVisit to Jerusalem.\n\n \"They went up to Jerusalem\" Luke 2:42 MENGELBERG\n In the midst of the doctors Luke 2:46 HOFMANN\n LAFON\n \"When they saw him they were amazed\" Luke 2:48 DOBSON\n \"Son, why hast thou thus dealt with Luke 2:48 HUNT\n us?\"\n\nSilent Years at Home.\n\n The carpenter's son HUNT\n \"Breaking home ties\" PLOCKHOeRST\n [The youthful John] Luke 1:80 DEL SARTO\n [The forerunner] Matt. 3:1-4 TITIAN\n\n\nManhood.\n\nTemptation.\n\n \"Worship the Lord thy God\" Matt. 4:10 SCHEFFER\n \"Left him and behold angels came\" Matt. 4:11 HOFMANN\n\nBeginning of Public Service.\n\n \"Behold the Lamb of God\" John 1:29 BIDA\n \"Jesus as he walked\" John 1:36 GRUeNEWALD\n A marriage in Cana John 2:1 VERONESE\n\nEarly Judean Ministry.\n\n Cleansing the temple KIRCHBUCK\n \"He drove them all out\" John 2:15 HOFMANN\n Visit of Nicodemus John 3:1-21 UNKNOWN\n\nReturn through Samaria.\n\n \"Thou wouldst have asked of him\" John 4:10 BILIVERTI\n \"Worship the Father in spirit and John 4:23 DORE\n truth\"\n \"God is a Spirit\" John 4:24 HOFMANN\n\nCall of the Four.\n\n \"I will make you fishers of men\" Matt. 4:19 ZIMMERMAN\n \"Depart from me for I am a sinful man\" Luke 5:8 RAPHAEL\n\nEarly Galilean Ministry.\n\n \"He healed all that were sick\" Matt. 8:16 SCHOeNHERR\n HOFMANN\n MAX\n Calling of Matthew Matt. 9:9 CHIMENTI\n \"Sitting at the receipt of custom\" Matt. 9:9 PORDENONE\n \"Follow me\" Matt. 9:9 BIDA\n\nAt Jerusalem Again.\n\n \"Jesus saith unto him, 'Rise'\" John 5:8 BIDA\n \"He took up his bed and walked\" John 5:9 VAN LINT\n \"Afterward, Jesus findeth him\" John 5:14 VAN DYCK\n Discussion in cornfield Matt. 12:1-8 DORE\n\nSermon on the Mount.\n\n Christ preaching DORE\n Giving beatitudes Matt. 5:1-12 HOFMANN\n \"Consider the lilies of the field\" Matt. 6:28 LE JEUNE\n Prayer in secret Matt. 6:6 BIDA\n\nSecond Tour of Galilee.\n\n The Centurion's servant Matt. 8:5-13 VERONESE\n Raising the widow's son Luke 7:11-17 HOFMANN\n Jesus in the house of Simon VERONESE\n \"Kissed his feet\" Luke 7:38 RUBENS\n \"Thy sins are forgiven\" Luke 7:48 HOFMANN\n \"He entered into a boat\" Mark 4:1 HOFMANN\n Parable of the sower Mark 4:3-9 ROBERT\n Stilling of the tempest Mark 4:35-41 DORE\n Raising of Jairus' daughter RICHTER\n \"Taking the child by the hand\" Mark 5:41 HOFMANN\n \"Straightway she rose up\" Mark 5:42 KELLER\n\nDeath of John the Baptist.\n\n \"The damsel gave it to her mother\" Mark 6:28 RENI\n\nFeeding of the Five Thousand\n\n Blessing the food John 6:11 MURILLO\n\nJesus Walking on the Water\n\n \"Lord, save me\" Matt. 14:30 SCHWARTZ\n \"Wherefore didst thou doubt?\" Matt. 14:31 PLOCKHOeRST\n\nTrip into Phoenicia.\n\n Canaanitish woman Matt. 15:21-28 VECCIO\n\nPeter's Confession.\n\n \"I will give the keys of the kingdom Matt. 16:19 RENI\n of heaven\"\n RAPHAEL\n\nTransfiguration.\n\n Transfiguration Matt. 17:1-8 RAPHAEL\n Demoniac Boy Matt. 17:14-20 RAPHAEL\n \"He called to him a little child\" Matt. 18:2 BALLHEIM\n\nAt the Feast of Tabernacles.\n\n \"Let him that is without sin cast John 8:7 HOFMANN\n the first stone\"\n Jesus left alone with the woman John 8:19 SIGNOL\n \"I am the light of the world\" John 8:12 HUNT\n \"I stand at the door and knock\" Rev. 3:20 OVERBECK\n \"I will give you rest\" Matt. 11:28 PLOCKHOeRST\n\nPerean Ministry.\n\n The good Samaritan Luke 10:30-34 SIEMENROTH\n DORE\n Jesus in the home of Lazarus Luke 10:40 HOFMANN\n ALLORI\n Healing of the man born blind John 9:1-40 THEOTOCOPULI\n The good Shepherd John 10:1-21 PLOCKHOeRST\n Finding the lost sheep Luke 15:2 SCHOeNHERR\n MOLITOR\n Lost piece of money Luke 15:8 MILLAIS\n The prodigal son Luke 15:11-32 DUBUFE\n \"Fell on his neck and kissed him\" Luke 15:20 MOLITOR\n DORE\n Rich man and Lazarus Luke 16:19-31 DORE\n Raising of Lazarus John 11:1-46 BONIFAZIO\n PIOMBO\n RUBENS\n Pharisee and Publican Luke 18:9-14 DORE\n Christ blessing little children Mark 10:13-16 HOFMANN\n PLOCKHOeRST\n VOGEL\n Christ and the Young Ruler Matt. 9:16-22 HOFMANN\n Ambition of James and John Matt. 20:20-28 BONIFAZIO\n\nPassion Week.\n\n Triumphal entry Luke 19:29-44 DEGER\n Christ weeps over Jerusalem Luke 19:41 EASTLAKE\n Tribute money DORE\n \"Whose image and superscription Mark 20:24 TITIAN\n hath it?\"\n\n\n \"Render to Caesar the things that Matt. 22:21 VAN DYCK\n are Caesar's\"\n The widow's two mites Mark 12:41-44 DORE\n Parable of the virgins Matt. 25:1-13 POLOTY\n Conspiracy between Judas and Luke 22:3-6 BIDA\n Chief Priests\n The Last Supper VINCI\n \"When he had washed their feet\" John 13:12 BROWN\n \"This is my body\" Luke 22:19 BIDA\n \"And he took a cup and gave thanks\" Matt. 26:27 HOFMANN\n \"Thy will be done\" Matt. 26:42 HOFMANN\n \"An angel from heaven Luke 22:43 DOLCI\n strengthening him\"\n Kiss of Judas Matt. 26:49 SCHEFFER\n \"Bound him and led him to Annas\" John 18:12 HOFMANN\n Peter's denial before the John 18:17 WEST\n maid-servant\n Denial before soldiers Mark 14:54 HARRACH\n Trial before Pilate Luke 23:1-7 MUNKACSY\n \"Hail, King of the Jews!\" Matt. 27:29 RENI\n \"Behold the man\" John 19:5 HOFMANN\n CISERI\n Pilate's wife's dream Matt. 27:19 DORE\n\nThe Crucifixion.\n\n \"They led him away\" Luke 23:26 HOFMANN\n \"Weep not for me\" Luke 23:28 THIERSCH\n \"The people stood beholding\" Luke 23:35 MUNKACSY\n The group near the cross John 19:25 MUNKASCY\n \"Behold thy mother\" John 19:27 HOFMANN\n Descent from the cross Mark 15:46 RUBENS\n Golgotha GEROME\n The deserted cross MORRIS\n\nThe Burial.\n\n \"They took the body of Jesus\" John 19:40 CISERI\n \"Laid him in a tomb\" Mark 15:46 HOFMANN\n John with Mary DYCE\n DOBSON\n\nThe Resurrection.\n\n \"Mary was without weeping\" John 20:11 HOFMANN\n \"Tell me where thou hast laid him\" John 20:15 DI CREDI\n \"Touch me not\" John 20:17 PLOCKHOeRST\n \"Returning from the tomb\" Luke 24:9 SCHEFFER\n\nAfter the Resurrection.\n\n \"Jesus drew near and went with them\" Luke 24:15 PLOCKHOeRST\n \"Abide with us\" Luke 24:29 HOFMANN\n \"And he went to abide with them\" Luke 24:29 FUeRST\n \"He took the bread and blessed it\" Luke 24:30 MULLER\n \"And break and gave to them\" Luke 24:30 DIETHE\n \"And their eyes were opened\" Luke 24:31 REMBRANDT\n \"Reach hither thy hand\" John 20:27 GUERCINO\n The Ascension Luke 24:51 HOFMANN\n REMBRANDT\n\n\n\nSUGGESTIONS.\n\n[Illustration: Capernaum]\n_Site of Capernaum, Sea of Galilee._\n\nTHE USE OF PICTURES IN TEACHING.\n\nPICTURES may hold a primary or secondary place in teaching, according\nto their nature and the aim of the teacher.\n\n_The text itself_ may be the supreme thing, and pictures become mere\npictorial comments upon the text. Pictures when so used have the\nnature of _views_ or _illustrations_. The picture at the head of this\npage is a view. It is reproduced from a photograph taken directly\nfrom nature. Such pictures are of great value in building up in the\nmind clear images of objects or of scenes beyond the pupil's reach. A\nmap means almost nothing to a person unfamiliar with the country,\nunless by means of numberless views the appearance of the country has\nbeen made known to the mind. Every teacher in Sunday-school should\nhave a collection of photographic views of the historical sites of\nthe Bible, of implements, household utensils, articles of dress,\netc., which may be used to make clear the Biblical references to such\nthings. Without such illustrations words may convey little or no\nmeaning.\n\nThe first picture upon the next page may be called an illustration.\nTo a person unfamiliar with the text it might convey any meaning but\nthe true one; but to one familiar with the story of Christ and the\nrich young ruler it is wonderfully graphic and satisfactory. The\nwords of the text take on a deeper meaning as they are studied in the\nlight of this picture. Because Hofmann is an artist, a man gifted\nwith imagination, he sees more clearly, more vividly than the average\nperson. Seen through his eyes what was before vague and unconvincing\nbecomes definite and powerful. Before seeing the picture the pupil\nhad heard the words:\"Jesus, looking upon him, loved him.\" Now with\nthe picture he _sees_ that Jesus loves him and is anxious to have him\ndecide for life everlasting. Before \"the poor\" were abstract; now\nthey become a concrete reality. Before the pupil had been told that\nthe young man had \"great possessions;\" now he sees that he had also\nhealth and beauty and intelligence, greater possessions than land and\ngold. The Sunday-school teacher is fortunate who has at his command\npictures which illustrate, which make luminous the text. Plates 11,\n20, 34, 39, 47, 62, 70, 101, 106, 133, and 143 may be mentioned as\nnotable examples of good illustrations to supplement the text.\n\n[Illustration: Christ and the Young Ruler.]\nPlate 112. _Christ and the Young Ruler._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\nThe picture itself may be the object of study, and the text become a\ncommentary upon the picture. For example, consider this picture by\nHolman Hunt. Every detail has something important to say to the\npupil. The postures of these people and the costumes say \"oriental.\"\nThe profuse ornamentation both of the architecture and the various\nfurnishings speak of extraordinary conditions. This is the temple\nwhich was the wonder of the age (see Mark 13:1), and these are the\npeople who loved to go about in long clothing, and who \"devoured\nwidows' houses\" to be rich. (Matt. 23:14.) This boy with his pure\nface and far-away-gazing eyes is he who had thoughts about \"his\nFather's house.\" The look in the woman's face is appreciated in the\nlight of what she is recorded as having said, \"I have sought thee\nsorrowing.\" (Luke 2:48.) That she rather than her husband should\nspeak to him is no surprise to one familiar with Matt. 1:18-25. The\nfaces of these serious-looking men must be read in the light of the\nwords, \"And all that heard him were amazed at his understanding and\nanswers.\" One man has an ornamental box in his hand. What is that\nfor? Another has a similar box upon his forehead. Why? Deut. 6:6-8\nand Matt. 23:5 will help answer those questions. A man is begging at\nthe entrance. It is not extraordinary in the light of Acts 3:1, 2,\nand Mark 14:7. He begs in vain outside, while within a servant brings\nwine to refresh those who will not so much as lift a finger to help\nthe burdened. (Matt. 23:4.) Beyond the beggar craftsmen are still at\nwork upon the temple. Yes, because when this child Jesus first\nvisited the temple it was not completed. \"Forty and six years was\nthis temple in building.\" (John 2:20.) Birds are flying in and out!\n\"Yea, the sparrow hath found a house, and the swallow a nest for\nherself, . . . even thine altars, O Lord of Hosts.\" (Ps. 84:3.) The\nlittle boy with the fly-driver tells the season of the year, the\nlight and the few worshippers and the idle musicians tell the time of\nday. Everything has a message, even the ornament upon wall and floor!\nThat tells whence the Jews derived their art. This picture is more\nthan a commonplace illustration of a single text: it is a graphic\npresentation of an era. The particular event is shown in its\nhistorical setting. The picture is a supreme work of art.\n\n[Illustration: Finding of Christ in the Temple.]\nPlate 35. _Finding of Christ in the Temple._ Holman Hunt. 1827-\n\nIf pictures of this sort are to be studied, every pupil in the class\nshould have a copy. The teacher's business is to direct the pupil to\nindividual observation and inquiry. The perpetual questions should\nbe, What do you see? What does it mean? Why is that here? What does\nit contribute to the total content of the picture? What does the\npicture as a whole have to say? Plates 8, 9, 18, 25, 29, 33, 40, 81,\n89, 93, 110, 139, 153, 159, and 167, might be mentioned among those\nespecially worthy of this analytical and exhaustive study.\n\nOccasionally pupils will find both interest and profit in the\ncomparative study of a series of pictures. For example take the five\nplates of The Annunciation, pages 9 and 10. After the facts have been\ndetermined by a study of the text, the investigation may proceed as\nfollows: What are the essential elements found in all the pictures\nalike? Which artist has told the story most simply and directly? The\ndifferent artists have emphasized or given special attention to some\none phase or phrase. Which has embodied more perfectly the first, or\nthe second, or the third? Which has introduced elements of his own?\nWhy? Do they help? Which has, on the whole, told the story most\nvividly? Which most beautifully? A study of this group of pictures in\nthe light of such notes as will be found printed therewith, will\nenable any teacher to formulate for himself a plan for studying any\nother group of pictures.\n\nIn such study it is essential that each pupil be supplied with a\ncomplete set of the pictures to be compared.\n\n[Illustration: Madonna of the Shop.]\n_Madonna._ Dagnan-Bouveret.\n\nBut the picture itself is sometimes not a thing to be consciously\nanalyzed and inventoried; it is simply a thing of beauty, \"its own\nexcuse for being;\" it is something to be received as a whole with\nthankfulness, like the odor of wild grape vines, or the form of a\ncalla lily, or the color of a sunrise, or the music of wind in pine\ntrees. Such a picture is this Madonna of the Shop, by Dagnan-Bouveret.\nOne may think for a moment now and then of how well the picture is\ncomposed, of how perfect a master of his art the man must be who\ncan make spots of paint suggest wood and metal, linen and wool, soft\nflesh and softer light, but the mind returns again and again to the\ncontemplation of the wondrous sweet face of the Virgin, whose deep\neyes see unspeakable things. One comes to love such a picture as a\ndear familiar friend, and to yield to its gentle influence as to\nmoonlight upon the sea. The contemplation of such pictures is one of\nthe purest pleasures of life, a foretaste of the sight of \"the King\nin his Beauty.\"\n\n\n\n\nTHE GREAT PAINTERS' GOSPEL.\n\n\n\nTHE GREAT PAINTERS' GOSPEL.\n\n[Illustration: The Annunciation.]\n_The Annunciation._ Titian.\n\nTHE ANNUNCIATION.\n\nThe angel Gabriel was sent from God to a virgin whose name was Mary.\nThe angel said \"Hail, Mary, highly favored, blessed art thou among\nwomen.\" (Luke 1:26-28.) Mary is supposed to have been in a house of\nworship at the time (like Hannah, 1 Sam. 1:9-18, and Zacharias, Luke\n1:8-13), hence the beautiful surroundings; and to have been at\nprayer, as suggested by the kneeling posture and the book. The dove\nis a symbol of the Holy Ghost (Luke 3:22). The beam of light\nsymbolizes the going forth of divine power (Hos. 6:5). The angel is\nborne upon a cloud (Ps. 104:3), and carries a rod or scepter, symbols\nof authority (Ex. 4:1-5, Esther 4:11). The lily is introduced as a\nsymbol of perfection and purity (Song 2:2; compare also Num. 17:8).\nTitian has depicted the instant when the angel says \"Hail, Mary.\" He\nhas introduced emblems of the ideal woman (Prov. 31:13, 14, 26,\netc.).\n\n[Transcriber's Note: As you may note, each plate is introduced with\nthe artist's name and the plate number. In the original source, this\ntext was bolded, not italicized.]\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 1,_ shows the moment when Gabriel says: \"Blessed art\nthou among women.\" (Luke 1:28.) In this picture only, the angel\napproaches from behind. The picture recalls the experience of another\nMary (John 20:14).\n\n_Guido Reni, Plate 2,_, has chosen the instant when Gabriel says,\n\"Thou hast found favor with God.\" The infant angels represent,\nperhaps, \"the spirits of love, intelligence and innocence,\" [1] and\naccompany the Divine Presence because of the words of Christ, when\nspeaking of children, \"Their angels do always behold the face of my\nFather which is in heaven.\" (Matt. 18:10.)\n\n_Mueller, Plate 3,_ seems to have shown the moment when Mary said,\n\"Let it be unto me according to thy word.\" (Luke 1:38.) His figures\nand faces express less animation than any of the others.\n\n_Dosso, Plate 4,_ represents Gabriel as saying, \"The Holy Ghost shall\ncome upon thee and the power of the Highest shall overshadow thee\"\n(Luke 1:35), for both the dove, symbol of the Holy Ghost, and the\nHighest himself, upon a cloud and accompanied with cherubs, are\npresent. (Compare 2 Sam. 22:10-12.)\n\n_Baroccio, Plate 5,_ seems to have seized upon the moment when Mary\nhas just asked \"How shall this be?\" (Luke 1:34). The angel is\nencouraging her faith by reference to Elisabeth. (Luke 1:36.)\n\n[1] Mrs. Jameson, \"Sacred and Legendary Art,\" vi., p. 57.\n\n[Illustration: Annunciation to Mary.]\nPlate 1. _Annunciation to Mary._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n[Illustration: Annunciation to Mary.]\nPlate 2. _Annunciation to Mary._ Guido Reni 1575-1642.\n\n[Illustration: Annunciation to Mary.]\nPlate 3. _Annunciation to Mary._ Franz Mueller.\n\n[Illustration: Annunciation to Mary.]\nPlate 4. _Annunciation to Mary._ Dossi Dosso. 1479-1542.\n\n[Illustration: Annunciation to Mary.]\nPlate 5. _Annunciation to Mary._ F. Baroccio. 1528-1612.\n\nTHE SALUTATION.\n\n\"And in those days Mary arose and went into the hill country to a\ncity of Judah, and entered into the house of Zacharias and saluted\nElisabeth . . . and Elisabeth, filled with the Holy Ghost, said,\nBlessed art thou among women.\" (Luke 1:39-45.)\n\n_Albertinelli, Plate 6,_ has depicted the two women at the moment of\nmeeting.\n\n[Illustration: Mary's Visit to Elisabeth.]\nPlate 6. _Mary's Visit to Elisabeth._ Albertinelli. 1474-1515.\n\nBIRTH OF JOHN THE BAPTIST.\n\nZacharias had been dumb since the moment when he doubted the prophecy\nof the angel. (Luke 1:20.) When the promised son was born the\nneighbors and friends of the mother, Elisabeth, objected to the name\nJohn. (Luke 1:57-61.)\n\n_Fra Angelico, Plate 7,_ has represented the moment when they appeal\nto the dumb father, and he writes upon a tablet the words \"His name\nis John.\" (Luke 1:63.) The child, eight days old, is present to be\nnamed preparatory to circumcision. (Gen. 17:12.)\n\n[Illustration: Birth of John.]\nPlate 7. _Birth of John._ Fra Angelico. 1370-1450.\n\nTHE NATIVITY.\n\n_Merson, Plate 8,_ has illustrated Luke 2:4-7. \"And Joseph went up\nfrom Galilee into Judea unto the city of David, Bethlehem, to be\nenrolled, with Mary his espoused wife. And there was no room for them\nin the inn.\" Darkness covered the earth and gross darkness the people\nwho refused lodging to such as Mary, but that night the glory of the\nLord was revealed. (Is. 60:2.)\n\n[Illustration: Joseph and Mary, Arrival at Bethlehem.]\nPlate 8. _Joseph and Mary, Arrival at Bethlehem._ Olivier L. Merson.\n\n_Plockhoerst, Plate 14,_ illustrates Luke 2:8-11. And in the same\ncountry were shepherds keeping watch over their flock by night. And\nthe angel of the Lord came and said unto them, \"Fear not, I bring you\ngood tidings of great joy. Unto you is born this day in the city of\nDavid a Savior which is Christ the Lord.\" The angel bears a palm\nbranch, symbol of triumph. (John 12:13.)\n\n[Illustration: The Angel and the Shepherds.]\nPlate 14. _The Angel and the Shepherds._ B. Plockhoerst, 1825-\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 13,_ shows a company of the heavenly host praising\nGod and saying, \"Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace,\ngood will toward men.\" (Luke 2:14.) They are the first to visit the\nmanger!\n\n[Illustration: Bethlehem.]\nPlate 13. _Bethlehem._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_Lerolle, Plate 11,_ shows the shepherds who \"came with haste and\nfound Mary and Joseph and the babe lying in a manger.\" (Luke\n2:15-16.) The shepherds saw, evidently from some little distance;\nfor we have no record of their speaking to Mary or Joseph, only to\nothers outside, after the visit. (Luke 2:17-18.)\n\n[Illustration: The Arrival of the Shepherds.]\nPlate 11. _The Arrival of the Shepherds._ H. Lerolle.\n\n_Correggio, Plate 9,_ has expressed that surprise and wonder of the\nshepherds which they imparted to others when they told their story,\n\"for all that heard it wondered at those things which were told them\nby the shepherds.\" (Luke 2:18.)\n\n[Illustration: Holy Night.]\nPlate 9. _Holy Night._ Correggio. 1494-1534.\n\n_Bouguereau, Plate 10,_ adds to the story a dramatic touch. There are\nominous shadows in the background. Mary seems troubled by the\npresence of the lamb, symbol of sacrifice. The angel had said \"He\nshall save his people from their sins.\" (Matt. 1:21.) Does Mary seem\nalready to behold the Lamb of God which taketh away the sin of the\nworld? (John 1:29.) One lamb is already slain, and lies in the\nforeground. The shepherd with the lamb in his arms may unconsciously\nillustrate the Christ (Is. 40:11), and the odd disk above the head of\nthe older shepherd, catching the light from the child, may be\nprophetic of saintly glory.\n\n[Illustration: The Nativity.]\nPlate 10. _The Nativity._ (William) Adolphe Bouguereau. 1825-\n\n_Mueller, Plate 12,_ gives us perhaps the prettiest, most sweetly\nhuman group of all. Some of the shepherds have arrived, others are\ncoming; one with a lamb in his arms, another with his dogs, who seem\nto sympathize with their master's joyous haste. The rose of the\nhills, and the violet of the meadows are there as symbols of the rose\nof Sharon and the lily of the valley (Cant. 2:1); \"The ox knoweth his\nowner and the ass his master's crib,\" and in this case the humble\nrepresentatives of Israel know also, and the people consider. (Is.\n1:3.)\n\n[Illustration: The Nativity.]\nPlate 12._ The Nativity._ Carl Mueller. 1839-\n\nTHE PRESENTATION.\n\nHis name was called Jesus, as the angel had commanded, and after\nforty days they brought him to Jerusalem to present him to the Lord,\nand to offer a sacrifice, according to the ancient law. And Simeon,\nwaiting for the consolation of Israel, came by the spirit into the\ntemple when the parents brought in the child Jesus; and he took him\nup into his arms and blessed God and said, \"Lord, now lettest thou\nthy servant depart in peace, for mine eyes have seen thy salvation.\"\n(Luke 2:25-35.) And Anna, a prophetess of great age, coming up at\nthat very hour, gave thanks to God and spake of him to all them that\nwere looking for the redemption of Jerusalem. (Luke 2:36-38.)\n\n_Bartolommeo, Plate 18,_ depicts the moment when Simeon says \"Now\nlettest thou thy servant depart in peace\"--the _Nunc Dimittis_ of the\nLatin Church (Luke 2:29). Joseph has the two doves for the offering\n(Lev. 12:6 and 8). In the distance the priest may be seen at the\naltar, his robe ornamented with the sacred fringe (Ex. 39:26) that\nthere may be no mistaking him. Anna is present, and is, evidently,\nabout to speak. The steps are of marble and the columns richly\ncarved, because of the words of the artist-disciple recorded in Mark\n13:1.\n\n[Illustration: Presentation at the Temple.]\nPlate 18. _Presentation at the Temple._ Bartolommeo Del Fattorino.\n1475-1517.\n\n_Champaigne, Plate 15,_ has chosen the moment when Simeon says to\nMary, \"This child is set for the falling and rising up of many in\nIsrael.\" (Luke 2:34.)\n\n[Illustration: Presentation at the Temple.]\nPlate 15. _Presentation at the Temple._ Champaigne. 1602-1674.\n\n_Borgognone, Plate 16,_ selects for his picture the last moment, when\nSimeon returns the child to the mother with the words \"Yea, and a\nsword shall pierce through thine own soul, also.\" (Luke 2:35.)\n\n[Illustration: Presentation at the Temple.]\nPlate 16. _Presentation at the Temple._ Borgognone. 1445-1523.\n\n_Bourdon, Plate 17,_ represents the instant when Anna arrives (at the\nextreme left), \"coming up at that very hour.\" (Luke 2:38.)\n\n[Illustration: Presentation at the Temple.]\nPlate 17. _Presentation at the Temple._ Sebastien Bourdon. 1616-1671.\n\n_Bartolommeo,_ again, _Plate 19,_ adds what he pleases to the\noriginal story.\n\n[Illustration: Presentation at the Temple.]\nPlate 19. _Presentation at the Temple._ Fra Bartolommeo. 1469-1517.\n\nTHE ADORATION OF THE MAGI.\n\nNow when Jesus was born there came wise men from the east, guided by\na star, which went before them till it stood over the place where the\nyoung child was. . . . And when they were come into the house they\nsaw Jesus and Mary his mother, and fell down and worshipped him; and\nwhen they had opened their treasures they presented unto him gifts;\ngold, frankincense and myrrh. (Matt. 2:9-11.)\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 20,_ represents the arrival. The star stands above\nthe head of the child. The tradition is that one wise man came from\nEurope, one from Asia and one from Africa (See _Ben-Hur_, Book I.);\nhence Hofmann has represented one with the oriental turban, one with\na helmet having hanging side pieces like an Egyptian head dress, and\none with the simple band, the white hair and flowing beard of the\nDruid.\n\n[Illustration: Worship of the Magi.]\nPlate 20. _Worship of the Magi._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_Luini, Plate 21,_ following the same tradition, gives the African a\ndark complexion.\n\n[Illustration: Adoration of the Magi.]\nPlate 21. _Adoration of the Magi._ Luini. 1460-1530.\n\n_Maldini, Plate 23,_ also makes one of the Magi very dark, and adds\nan earring as a barbaric touch. Moreover he gives each a crown (as\ndoes Luini) because the Magi were supposed to have been Kings, in\nfulfilment of Is. 60:3.\n\n[Illustration: Adoration of the Kings.]\nPlate 23. _Adoration of the Kings_. Battista Maldini. 1537-1590.\n\n_Bonifazio, Plate 22,_ like Luini and Maldini, represents a large\ncompany of servants to show the importance of the Magi, and perhaps\nbecause of Is. 60:4-6.\n\n[Illustration: Adoration of the Magi.]\nPlate 22. _Adoration of the Magi._ Bonifazio Veronese. 1494-1563.\n\nTHE FLIGHT INTO EGYPT.\n\n_Crespi, Plate 24,_ has pictured Joseph's dream. An angel of the Lord\nappeared to Joseph in a dream, saying, Arise and take the young child\nand his mother, and flee into Egypt, for Herod will seek the young\nchild to destroy him. (Matt. 2:13.)\n\n[Illustration: Joseph's Dream.]\nPlate 24. _Joseph's Dream._ Daniele Crespi.\n\n_Fuerst, Plate 26,_ illustrates the words \"And he arose and took the\nyoung child and his mother, and departed.\" (Matt. 2:14.)\n\n[Illustration: Flight into Egypt.]\nPlate 26. _Flight into Egypt._ M. Fuerst.\n\n_Plockhoerst, Plate 27,_ shows the holy family passing through\nsouthern Judea, accompanied by cherubs, but unconscious of their\npresence.\n\n[Illustration: Flight into Egypt.]\nPlate 27. _Flight into Egypt._ B. Plockhoerst. 1825-\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 25,_ shows them passing through the Wilderness of\nShur, Joseph with his broad axe for protection, unconscious of the\nguardian angel who accompanied them, to keep them in all their ways.\n(Ps. 91:11.) \"That old serpent\" is already in the wilderness,\nwaiting! His time has not yet come.\n\n[Illustration: Flight into Egypt.]\nPlate 25. _Flight into Egypt._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_Benz, Plate 28,_ has taken as his subject the first moment of rest\nin a place \"even as the garden of the Lord, like the land of Egypt as\nthou comest into Zoar.\" (Gen. 13:10.) Joseph has a typical Egyptian\nwater-jar upon his arm. The little child is pleased with the flowers,\nafter his long journey through the desert, and holds a bunch of them\nin his hand. The place of rest seems to be just at the edge of the\ndesert,--a secluded, well-watered spot, out of Herod's reach.\n\n[Illustration: Repose in Egypt.]\nPlate 28. _Repose in Egypt._ S. Benz.\n\n_Merson, Plate 29,_ is a poetic seer as well as an artist. The sphinx\nriddle was \"What is man?\" Merson has placed the answer before the\nsphinx at last. He who was himself the answer to the world-old\nquestion, propounded a new question which all must answer, \"What\nthink ye of Christ\" (Matt. 22:42).\n\n[Illustration: Repose in Egypt.]\nPlate 29. _Repose in Egypt._ Olivier L. Merson.\n\n_Morris, Plate 30,_ gives us a glimpse of the life of the Holy Family\nduring the sojourn in Egypt. Joseph is resting in the tent after his\nday's work, and Mary is teaching the child to walk. All are\nunconscious of the ominous shadow so evident now to us. The hatred\nwhich threatened the child, would not spare the man. The exile in\nEgypt is but the prophetic shadow of the coming event--crucifixion.\nThe child's hands extend towards the cactus and the palm, symbols of\nsuffering and of victory.\n\n[Illustration: Shadow of the Cross.]\nPlate 30. _Shadow of the Cross._ P. R. Morris.\n\nTHE RETURN TO NAZARETH.\n\nWhen Herod was dead, Joseph, instructed by an angel, brought Mary and\nJesus into the land of Israel, and made them a home in Nazareth. The\nmother with her divine child in this Nazareth home has ever been the\nfavorite subject with painters. \"Madonna\" pictures have been\nmultiplied into the thousands. The most famous are those which were\npainted by Raphael,--the Sistine Madonna, Madonna of the Chair,\nMadonna da Tempi, Madonna of the Goldfinch, etc.,--reproductions of\nwhich are familiar to everybody. Among other famous painters of the\nMadonna is _Murillo,_ who, in _Plate 32,_ represents the mother and\nchild as the neighbors might have seen them in their humble home. The\nchild is of course beautiful. (Luke 2:40.) In _Plate 33,_ the artist\nhas emphasized the last phrase of Luke 2:40, \"The grace of God was\nupon him.\" The Father in heaven is visibly present, and the grace\ndescends upon the child in the form of a dove, as suggested by Luke\n3:22. The action of all the accessory figures, the arrangement of the\nlight, everything in the picture, is calculated to focus the\nattention upon the face of the child Christ.\n\n[Illustration: Madonna and Child.]\nPlate 32. _Madonna and Child._ Murillo. 1618-1682.\n\n[Illustration: Holy Family.]\nPlate 33. Louvre. _Holy Family._ Murillo. 1618-1682.\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 31,_ tells of the quiet days at Nazareth, when Joseph\nworked at his trade, and Mary sat near spinning and watching the\nwondrous lad who in his child-way could help Joseph by fetching a\nneeded tool. It was a peaceful, happy life, like that of the chickens\nand the doves. The memories of those days furnished Jesus with the\nwonderful figure of speech recorded in Matt. 23:37, 38. Hofmann, like\nother artists, is fond of symbolism, hence the square and the\nmeasuring stick are upon the shoulder of the child (Is. 9:6) who was\nto lay judgment to the line and righteousness to the plummet (Is.\n28:17); and the tools take the form of the cross. Jesus was subject\nunto his parents (Luke 2:51), and, in a sense, took up his cross\ndaily, as all his disciples must ever do (Matt. 16:24). Such service\nis healthful and profitable (Luke 2:52).\n\n[Illustration: Infancy of Christ.]\nPlate 31. _Infancy of Christ._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\nTHE VISIT TO JERUSALEM.\n\nJoseph and Mary probably went every year to Jerusalem at the feast of\nthe passover. (Deut. 16:16.) And when Jesus was twelve years old they\nwent up as usual taking him with them. (Luke 2:41-42.)\n\n_Mengelberg, Plate 34,_ represents the holy family approaching the\ncity. The temple with its smoking altars is seen in the distance. The\nartist has suggested the great company who went up every year to\nworship, and with which, returning, Joseph and Mary supposed Jesus to\nbe.\n\n[Illustration: Jesus, Twelve Years Old, on his way to Jerusalem.]\nPlate 34. _Jesus, Twelve Years Old, on his Way to Jerusalem._ O.\nMengelberg.\n\n_Hofmann, Plates 38 and 39,_ illustrates (Luke 2:46). Plate 38 is\nfrom the drawing in the artist's Life of Christ. Plate 39, from the\nfamous painting in Dresden, is the more carefully finished. Hofmann\nhas shown the seal of Solomon upon the \"chair of philosophy,\" he has\nintroduced the scroll of the prophets and suggested the rich stones\nof the temple, but the interest of all is upon the Boy, who came to\nfulfill the law and the prophets, and who was greater than the temple\nand greater than Solomon. (Matt. 5:17, John 2:19-20, Matt. 12:42).\nThis picture has become a classic already, though Hofmann is still\nliving.\n\n[Illustration: Christ Disputing with the Doctors.]\nPlate 38. _Christ Disputing with the Doctors._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n[Illustration: In The Temple.]\nPlate 39. _In The Temple._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_Lafon, Plate 36,_ has idealized his subject. He has placed Jesus \"in\nMoses' seat\" (Matt. 23:2), conferring upon him a distinction amply\njustified by subsequent events especially by the Sermon on the Mount.\n\"It hath been said . . . but I say unto you . . .\" these are the\nwords which give Jesus a unique position as a teacher.\n\n[Illustration: Christ Among the Doctors.]\nPlate 36. _Christ Among the Doctors._ Emile J. Lafon.\n\n_Hunt, Plate 35,_ adds that truthfulness of detail, that literalness\nof statement made possible by the antiquarian and the archaeologist.\nIt is the moment described in Luke 2:48, when his mother speaks to\nJesus, \"Son, why hast thou dealt thus with us?\"\n\n[Illustration: Finding of Christ in the Temple.]\nPlate 35. _Finding of Christ in the Temple._ Holman Hunt. 1827-\n\n_Dobson, Plate 37,_ shows the moment of discovery, the moment just\nbefore Mary speaks. Some of the kinsfolk and acquaintances have\nevidently returned with Joseph and Mary. A rabbi is telling them\nabout this wondrous child. (Luke 2:47.)\n\n[Illustration: Christ Disputing in the Temple.]\nPlate 37. _Christ Disputing in the Temple._ W. C. T. Dobson.\n\nTHE SILENT YEARS AT HOME.\n\nTradition says that Joseph soon died, and that Jesus supported the\nfamily by working at his trade.\n\n_Hunt, Plate 40_, has invented an occasion to emphasize the prophetic\nwords often applied to Mary, \"Is any sorrow like unto my sorrow?\"\n(Lam. 1:12.) Simeon had said \"Yea and a sword shall pierce through\nthine own soul,\" and Mary, \"pondering all these things in her heart,\"\nis startled, at the close of the day, by seeing the shadow of her son\ncast upon the wall, like the form of one upon a cross.\n\n[Illustration: Shadow of Death.]\nPlate 40. _Shadow of Death._ Holman Hunt. 1827-\n\n_Plockhoerst, Plate 41,_ depicts the parting of Mother and Son,--\nanother pang for the saintly Mary.\n\n[Illustration: Christ taking leave of his Mother.]\nPlate 41. _Christ taking leave of his Mother._ B. Plockhoerst. 1825-\n\n_Plate 42_ is Andrea del Sarto's famous the youthful John the\nBaptist, in the days before he came preaching in the of Judea. (Luke\n1:80.)\n\n[Illustration: John the Baptist.]\nPlate 42. _John the Baptist._ Andrea del Sarto. 1488-1530.\n\n_Titian, Plate 43,_ shows John as he appeared a few years later upon\nthe banks of Jordan, \"his raiment of camel's hair, and a leathern\ngirdle about his loins.\" (Matt. 3:1-4.) He seems to be saying,\n\"Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world.\"\n(John 1:29.) The river is introduced as a symbol (Luke 3:16), and the\nlamb also (John 1:35). Del Sarto seems to have studied this figure\nbefore painting his boy John. Compare the two faces, and the two arms\nand hands. Notice the two crosses also.\n\n[Illustration: John the Baptist Preaching.]\nPlate 43. _John the Baptist Preaching._ Titian. 1477-1576.\n\nTHE TEMPTATION.\n\n_Scheffer, Plate 44,_ shows Jesus \"upon an exceeding high mountain\"\nand Satan offering him the world for one act of worship. Jesus is\nabout to say, \"Worship God.\" (Matt. 4:8-10.) _Hofmann, Plate 45,_ has\nselected the next moment when Satan retreats and an angel comes to\nminister to the famished man. (Matt. 4:11.) The serpent is present\nbecause of Rev. 12:9.\n\n[Illustration: Temptation of Christ.]\nPlate 44. _Temptation of Christ._ Ary Scheffer. 1795-1858.\n\n[Illustration: Temptation.]\nPlate 45. _Temptation._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\nTHE BEGINNING OF PUBLIC SERVICE.\n\n_Bida, Plate 46,_ illustrates John 1:35. \"Behold the Lamb of God,\"\nsaid John to two of his disciples, who straightway left John and\nfollowed Jesus. _Gruenewald, Plate 48,_ represents Jesus meditating as\nhe walks by the sea alone, possibly before he had chosen his\ndisciples, but more likely after the people threatened to make him a\nKing (John 6:15), for it is evening near the sea of Galilee.\n\n[Illustration: Behold the Lamb of God.]\nPlate 46. _Behold the Lamb of God._ Alexandre Bida. 1813-1895.\n\n[Illustration: Jesus Walking by the Sea.]\nPlate 48. _Jesus Walking by the Sea._ M. Gruenewald (was painting\n1518).\n\n\n\n_Veronese, Plate 50,_ transforms the modest wedding at Cana into a\ngorgeous Venetian Feast, to which \"Jesus also was bidden, and his\ndisciples,\" \"and the Mother of Jesus was there.\" (John 2:1-2.) They\nmay all be discovered in the central part of the picture, but to the\nmind of Veronese the miracle of the wine seems to be of but secondary\nimportance.\n\n[Illustration: The Marriage Feast.]\nPlate 50. _The Marriage Feast._ Paolo Veronese. 1528-1588.\n\nEARLY JUDEAN MINISTRY.\n\n_Kirchbuck, Plate 51,_ presents a general view of the event recorded\nin John 2:13-22. Jesus expels the desecrators by his presence merely,\nas he overthrew his enemies in Gethsemane. (John 18:6.)\n\n[Illustration: Christ casting out the Money-changers.]\nPlate 51. _Christ casting out the Money-changers._ F. Kirchbuck.\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 52,_ with his usual literalness, gives Jesus the whip\nof small cords, and represents him as actively aggressive. \"The zeal\nof thine house shall eat me up,\" said the prophet, and as they\nwatched Jesus the disciples remembered those words. (John 2:17.)\n\n[Illustration: Purification of the Temple.]\nPlate 52. _Purification of the Temple._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_Plate 53,_ by an unknown artist, is an attempt to portray the\ndiscourse with Nicodemus. The incident is related in John 2:23-3:21.\nThe moment is that when Jesus says, \"If I have told you earthly\nthings and ye believe not, how shall ye believe if I tell you\nheavenly things?\"\n\n[Illustration: Nicodemus' Visit to Jesus.]\nPlate 53. _Nicodemus' Visit to Jesus._ Artist unknown.\n\nTHE RETURN THROUGH SAMARIA.\n\n\"He came to a town called Shechem, near the plot of land that Jacob\ngave his son Joseph. Jacob's Spring was there, and Jesus, being tired\nafter his journey, sat down, just as he was, close to it. It was then\nabout mid-day. A woman of Samaria came to draw water; so Jesus asked\nher to give him some to drink, his disciples having gone into the\ntown to buy provisions.\" [*]\n\n[*] Twentieth Century New Testament\n\n_Biliverti, Plate 56,_ gives the woman a companion not mentioned in\nthe text. The moment is that of John 4:10, \"If you knew the gift of\nGod, and who it is that is asking you to give him some water, you\nwould have asked him, and he would have given you living water.\"\n\n[Illustration: Jesus and the Woman of Samaria.]\nPlate 56. _Jesus and the Woman of Samaria._ Biliverti.\n\n_Dore, Plate 54,_ has selected a later moment, \"Trust me,\" Jesus\nreplied, \"a time is coming when it will not be on this mountain or in\nJerusalem that you will worship God the Father.\"\n\n[Illustration: Jesus and the Woman of Samaria.]\nPlate 54. _Jesus and the Woman of Samaria._ Gustave Dore. 1833-1883.\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 55,_ may have chosen to illustrate the twenty-fourth\nverse, \"God is Spirit; and those who worship him must worship\nspiritually, with true insight.\" (John 4:24.)\n\n[Illustration: Jesus and the Woman of Samaria.]\nPlate 55. _Jesus and the Woman of Samaria._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\nTHE CALL OF THE FOUR.\n\nWalking by the sea of Galilee one morning, Jesus saw two brethren,\nSimon who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother, . . . and two\nother brethren, James, the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, with\ntheir nets, for they were fishermen. And he called them: \"Come ye\nafter me and I will make you fishers of men.\" These four became his\nfirst disciples. (Matt. 4:18-22.)\n\n_Zimmermann, Plate 47,_ has seized upon the moment when Jesus makes\nthat extraordinary statement. Peter and John are nearest Jesus, the\nother two in the background. \"Fishers of men;\" the phrase is\nmysterious; they cannot understand it. Nevertheless, they leave all\nand follow Him.\n\n[Illustration: Christ and the Fishermen.]\nPlate 47. _Christ and the Fishermen._ Zimmermann. 1832-\n\nLuke gives the account of a miracle between the morning sermon of\nJesus to the crowd upon the beach, and this call of the four\nfishermen: \"When he had finished speaking he said to Simon, Push off\ninto deep water, and then all throw out your nets for a haul.\" \"We\nhave been hard at work all night, sir,\" Simon answered, \"and have not\ncaught anything, but as you say so, I will throw the nets out.\" They\ndid so, and they enclosed such a great shoal of fish that their nets\nbegan to break. So they signalled to their mates in the other boat to\ncome and help them; which they did, filling both the boats so full of\nfish that they were almost sinking.\n\n_Raphael, Plate 49,_ illustrates the moment, a little later, when\nPeter threw himself down at Jesus' knees, exclaiming: \"Depart from\nme, for I am a sinful man, O Lord.\" (Luke 5:8.) Raphael made this as\na design for a tapestry for the Sistine Chapel, Rome.\n\n[Illustration: The Miraculous Draught of Fishes.]\nPlate 49. _The Miraculous Draught of Fishes._ Raphael. 1483-1520.\n\nEARLY GALILEAN MINISTRY.\n\n_Schoenherr, Plate 69, Hofmann, Plate 70, Max, Plate 71,_ give\ndifferent interpretations of Matt. 8:16-17. An evening at Capernaum,\nwhen the words of Isaiah (53:4) began to be fulfilled, \"Himself took\nour infirmities and bare our diseases.\"\n\n[Illustration: Healing the Sick.]\nPlate 69. _Healing the Sick._ Karl Gottlieb Schoenherr. 1824-\n\n[Illustration: Healing the Sick.]\nPlate 70. _Healing the Sick._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n[Illustration: Healing the Sick Child.]\nPlate 71. _Healing the Sick Child._ Gabriel Max. 1840-\n\nThe Call of Matthew has been represented variously. (Matt. 9:9-10.)\n\n_Pordenone, Plate 59,_ has Matthew \"sitting at the place of toll.\"\n\n[Illustration: Calling of Matthew.]\nPlate 59. _Calling of Matthew._ Giovanni Pordenone. 1483-1539.\n\n_Bida, Plate 57,_ shows Jesus \"as he passed by,\" and Matthew leaving\nhis place of business to follow him.\n\n[Illustration: Calling of Matthew.]\nPlate 57. _Calling of Matthew._ Alexandre Bida. 1813-1895.\n\n_Chimenti, Plate 58,_ would have us believe that Jesus entered the\ngreat khan of the city where the customs were collected, and called\nMatthew from thence.\n\n[Illustration: Calling of Matthew.]\nPlace 58. _Calling of Matthew._ Jacopo Chimenti.\n\nAT JERUSALEM AGAIN.\n\nAfter these things Jesus went up to Jerusalem to a Feast of the Jews,\nand visited the Pool of Bethesda. There he saw a man who had been\ninfirm for thirty-eight years. After talking with him Jesus cured\nhim, although it was Sabbath. (John 5:1-8.)\n\n_Van Lint, Plate 61,_ shows the man arising with his bed, verse 9.\n\n[Illustration: Healing of the Impotent Man.]\nPlate 61. _Healing of the Impotent Man._ Peter Van Lint.\n\n_Bida, Plate 60,_ represents the instant when Jesus is giving the\ncommand, but before the man has grasped its meaning. Both artists\nsuggest the pool, with its colonnade, or porches. Perhaps a\nsubsequent event is illustrated by _Van Dyck, Plate 62,_ for\n\"Afterward Jesus findeth him in the temple, and said unto him, Behold\nthou art made whole; sin no more lest a worse thing befall thee.\"\n(John 5:14.)\n\n[Illustration: Healing of the Impotent Man.]\nPlate 60. _Healing of the Impotent Man._ Alexandra Bida. 1813-1895.\n\n[Illustration: Talking with the Lame Man, Bethesda.]\nPlate 62. _Talking with the Lame Man, Bethesda._ Van Dyck. 1599-1641.\n\n_Dore, Plate 63,_ gives an interpretation of Matt. 12:1-8. The\nPharisees are accusing the disciples of breaking the Sabbath by\nplucking the heads of wheat, and Jesus is excusing them. The Master\nseems to be saying, \"Have ye not read what David did when he was an\nhungered, and they that were with him? . . . If ye had known ye would\nnot have condemned the guiltless. The Son of man is lord of the\nSabbath. The Sabbath was made for man, not man for the Sabbath.\"\n(Mark 2:27.)\n\n[Illustration: Jesus and His Disciples Going Through the Cornfield.]\nPlate 63. _Jesus and His Disciples Going Through the Cornfield._\nGustave Dore. 1833-1883.\n\nTHE SERMON ON THE MOUNT\n\n\"And seeing the multitudes, he went up into the mountain, and when he\nhad sat down, his disciples came unto him, and he opened his mouth\nand taught them.\" (Matt. 5:1, 2.)\n\n_Dore, Plate 65,_ has represented the scene as a whole. The instant\nmight be almost any in the discourse.\n\n[Illustration: The Sermon on the Mount.]\nPlate 65. _The Sermon on the Mount._ Gustave Dore. 1833-1883.\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 64,_ seems to have depicted the giving of the\nbeatitudes. The poor in spirit, the mourner, the meek, those who\nhunger for righteousness, the pure, and the persecuted, all seem to\nbe represented in the audience.\n\n[Illustration: The Sermon on the Mount.]\nPlate 64. _The Sermon on the Mount._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_Jeune, Plate 67,_ has selected the moment when Jesus says, \"Consider\nthe lilies how they grow. . . . If God so clothe the grass of the\nfield, shall he not much more clothe you? . . . Seek first his\nkingdom and his righteousness.\" (Matt. 6:28-33.)\n\n[Illustration: Consider the Lilies.]\nPlate 67. _Consider the Lilies._ Henry Le Jeune. 1820.\n\n_Bida, Plate 66,_ illustrates one section of the Sermon on the Mount,\nviz.: Matt. 6:5-15. Here is the man in his inner chamber, having shut\nhis door, praying to his Father who is in secret, and who will reward\nhim.\n\n[Illustration: Prayer in Secret.]\nPlate 66. _Prayer in Secret._ Alexandra Bida. 1813-1895.\n\nEVENTS DURING THE SECOND TOUR OF GALILEE.\n\n_Veronese, Plate 68,_ represents the Centurion who came to Jesus at\nCapernaum, beseeching him to cure his servant. \"I am not worthy,\" the\nCenturion is saying, \"that thou shouldest come under my roof--only\nsay the word and my servant shall be healed.\" (Matt. 8:8.)\n\n[Illustration: The Centurion's Servant.]\nPlate 68. _The Centurion's Servant._ Veronese. 1528-1588.\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 72,_ has illustrated the raising of the widow of\nNain's son, as graphically as Luke has told it, in chapter 7, verses\n11 to 16. \"Every one was awe-struck and began praising God.\"\n\n[Illustration: Raising the Widow's Son.]\nPlate 72. _Raising the Widow's Son._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_Veronese, Plate 73,_ gives another grand feast to his friends\n(compare plate 50). This time it is supposed to be in the house of\nSimon the Pharisee, as recorded in Luke 7:36-50. The woman, who\nbathed the Master's feet with tears, is in this case a beautiful and\ndecorous person, a center of attraction.\n\n[Illustration: Jesus in the House of Simon.]\nPlate 73. _Jesus in the House of Simon._ Paolo Veronese. 1528-1588.\n\n_Rubens, Plate 74,_ has been more faithful to the story as recorded.\nThe woman kisses the Master's feet and wipes them with her hair, v.\n38. There is great consternation among the guests.\n\n[Illustration: Magdalen.]\nPlate 74. _Magdalen._ Rubens. 1577-1640.\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 75,_ shows the self-righteous Pharisee, with his\nhypocritical friends, more graphically than either of the other\nartists. His keen insight into character is reflected from every\nface. Hofmann, above many others, is true to the account, and true to\nhuman nature. \"Thy sins are forgiven,\" Jesus is saying. (Verse 48.)\n\n[Illustration: Anointing Feet of Jesus.]\nPlate 75. _Anointing Feet of Jesus._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 76,_ tells of Jesus preaching from the boat (Mark\n4:1). Every face in the picture is worth studying. The world is\npresent by representation--infancy, childhood, youth, maturity, old\nage; the healthy and the diseased, the workman and the scholar. \"And\nhe taught them many things in parables,\" among other things the truth\nabout the Kingdom of God. (Luke 8:9-10.)\n\n[Illustration: Jesus Preaches from a Boat.]\nPlate 76. _Jesus Preaches from a Boat._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_Robert, Plate 77,_ in four decorative panels, illustrates the\nparable of the Sower, which Jesus gave at this time. In the first the\nbirds came and devoured the seed, in the second the stony ground\noffered no good opportunity for a harvest, in the third thorns and\nthistles and other worldly things, \"the deceitfulness of riches and\nthe lusts of other things,\" symbolized by the short-lived mushrooms\nand daisies, and by the moths, choke the good seed. In the last is\nthe abundant harvest. (Mark 4:1-34.)\n\n[Illustration: Parable of the Sower.]\nPlate 77. _Parable of the Sower._ H. L. Robert\n\nAnd when Jesus had finished these parables he departed to the other\nside of the lake. \"And behold there arose a great tempest in the\nsea.\" _Dore, Plate 78,_ shows the disciples in fear, crying out,\n\"Save, Lord; we perish.\" Jesus, awakened from a sound sleep, says\ncalmly, \"Why are ye fearful, O ye of little faith?\" (Matt. 8:25-26.)\n\"Then he arose and rebuked the winds and the sea, and there was a\ngreat calm.\" (Verse 26.)\n\n[Illustration: \"Peace, Be Still.\"]\nPlate 78. _\"Peace, Be Still.\"_ Gustave Dore. 1833-1883.\n\nBy the time Jesus had re-crossed in the boat, a great number of\npeople had gathered to meet him. Here Jairus came and entreated Jesus\nto cure his little daughter who was at the point of death. As they\nwere going to the house, servants came saying that the child was\ndead: but they went on to the house of Jairus. Clearing the house of\nthe mourners, Jesus takes the child's father and mother, Peter, James\nand John, and with them enters the room of death. (Mark 5:21, 24,\n35-40.)\n\n_Richter, Plate 80,_ is true to the account in the number of\nwitnesses, but not in the action of the Master.\n\n[Illustration: Christ Raising the Daughter of Jairus.]\nPlate 80. _Christ Raising the Daughter of Jairus._ Gustav Richter.\n1823-1884.\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 79,_ is, as usual, more literal. \"Taking the child by\nthe hand\" Jesus said, \"Little girl, I am speaking to you, get up.\"\n(Mark 5:41.)\n\n[Illustration: Daughter of Jairus.]\nPlate 79. _Daughter of Jairus._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_Keller, Plate 81,_ shows the next moment when the damsel arose and\nthe people were \"utterly astounded.\" (Verse 43 in Twentieth Century\nNew Testament.) Keller is no doubt more accurate than either of the\nothers in the matters of costume and other accessories. The face of\nthe child is worth studying.\n\n[Illustration: Raising the Daughter of Jairus.]\nPlate 81. _Raising the Daughter of Jairus._ A. Keller.\n\nDEATH OF JOHN THE BAPTIST.\n\nThe account is given in Mark 6:14-29.\n\n_Reni, Plate 82,_ represents the daughter of Herodius bearing John's\nhead to her mother. At Herod's command a soldier had brought it in a\ncharger, and given it to the damsel. (Verse 28.)\n\n[Illustration: Head of John the Baptist in a Charger.]\nPlate 82. _Head of John the Baptist in a Charger._ Guido Reni. 1575-\n1642.\n\n\nTHE FEEDING OF THE FIVE THOUSAND.\n\nWhen Jesus heard of the death of John he withdrew into a desert place\nto rest. But the crowds followed him on foot from all the cities of\nGalilee. After a day spent in healing the sick and in teaching, the\nMaster fed the multitude generously, with five loaves and two fishes.\nThe account is given by Mark (6:30-46) and by all the other\nevangelists.\n\n_Murillo, Plate 83,_ has selected the moment when the multitude is\nbeing seated \"by companies upon the green grass,\" and the disciples\nare procuring the loaves and fishes from the lad. (John 6:9.) Jesus\nis taking the loaves preparatory to giving thanks and distributing\nthem.\n\n[Illustration: Miracle of the Loaves and Fishes.]\nPlate 83. _Miracle of the Loaves and Fishes._ Bartolome Esteran\nMurillo. 1618-1682.\n\nThe following night Jesus came to the disciples, walking upon the\nwater. The most complete account is given by Matthew (14:24-36). Upon\nPeter's request Jesus gave him permission to come out upon the water.\n\n_Schwartz, Plate 85,_ shows the moment when Peter, sinking, cries\nout, \"Lord, save me.\" (Matt. 14:30.)\n\n[Illustration: Christ and St. Peter.]\nPlate 85. _Christ and St. Peter._ A. Schwartz.\n\n_Plockhoerst, Plate 84,_ gives the next instant when Jesus stretched\nforth his hand and took hold of him, saying, \"O thou of little faith,\nwherefore didst thou doubt?\" (Matt. 14:31.)\n\n[Illustration: Christ and St. Peter.]\nPlate 84. _Christ and St. Peter._ S. Plockhoerst. 1825-\n\nTHE TRIP INTO PHOENICIA.\n\nAnd Jesus went away into the borders of Tyre and Sidon. There a\nCanaanitish woman begged him to cure her daughter. The interesting\ndialogue which ensued is recorded by both Matthew and Mark.\n\n_Vecchio, Plate 86,_ gives the beginning of the dialogue. \"I was not\nsent but unto the lost sheep of the house of Israel.\" (Matt. 15:24.)\n\n[Illustration: The Canaanitish Woman.]\nPlate 86. _The Canaanitish Woman._ Palma Vecchio. 1475-1528.\n\nPETER'S CONFESSION.\n\nThe event recorded in Matt. 16:13-20, and that recorded in John\n21:15-23, have often been closely related in the minds of artists\nemployed by the church during the middle ages.\n\n_Reni, Plate 87,_ gives a literal interpretation to Matt. 16:19. \"I\ngive unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven.\"\n\n[Illustration: Christ Giving Keys to St. Peter.]\nPlate 87. _Christ Giving Keys to St. Peter._ Guido Reni. 1575-1642.\n\n_Raphael, Plate 88,_ represents the later event, when Christ says,\n\"Feed my sheep,\" but Peter has evidently just received the keys. The\nsheep are actually present, as symbols, to make clear the moment\nselected by the artist. (John 21:17.)\n\n[Illustration: Christ's Charge to St. Peter.]\nPlate 88. _Christ's Charge to St. Peter._ Raphael. 1483-1520.\n\nTHE TRANSFIGURATION.\n\n_Raphael, Plate 89,_ has given upon one canvas, and that one of the\nmost famous in the world, the Transfiguration, and that which took\nplace at the same time at the foot of the mountain. (Luke 9:28-36,\nand Mark 9:14-29.) _Plate 90_ is a part of the same picture. Compare\nthe details of both of these plates with the scriptural account! No\nartist ever packed more literal and spiritual truth into a single\ncanvas.\n\n[Illustration: The Transfiguration.]\nPlate 89. _The Transfiguration._ Raphael. 1483-1520.\n\n[Illustration: The Demoniac Boy.]\nPlate 90. _The Demoniac Boy._ Raphael. 1483-1520.\n\nShortly after the Transfiguration Jesus talked with his disciples\nabout true greatness. By way of illustration \"He took a little child\nin his arms and said unto them, Whosoever shall humble himself as\nthis little child, the same is the greatest in the kingdom of\nheaven.\" (Mark 9:36, Matt. 18:4.)\n\n_Ballheim, Plate 97,_ suggests this event.\n\n[Illustration: Jesus and the Child.]\nPlate 97. _Jesus and the Child._ H. Ballheim.\n\nAT THE FEAST OF TABERNACLES.\n\nThe Scribes and the Pharisees brought to Jesus a woman taken in\nadultery.\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 91,_ depicts the scene most graphically, at the\nmoment when Jesus says, \"Let him that is without sin cast the first\nstone.\"\n\n[Illustration: Christ and the Sinner.]\nPlate 91. _Christ and the Sinner._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_Signol, Plate 92,_ does not show the woman \"in the midst\" as did\nHofmann, but after they had gone out one by one, when Jesus was left\nalone with the woman. The words, \"Let him that is without sin,\" etc.,\nare written upon the pavement because of verses 6 and 8, where it is\nsaid that Jesus wrote upon the ground.\n\n[Illustration: The Adulterous Woman.]\nPlate 92. _The Adulterous Woman._ Emile Signol.\n\nAt this feast Jesus spoke of himself as the Light of the world. (John\n8:12-30.)\n\n_Hunt, Plate 93,_ has idealized the words of Jesus, and added the\nthought expressed in Rev. 3:20, \"Behold, I stand at the door and\nknock.\" The picture shows also, without doubt, the influence of the\nwell-known hymn, by Mrs. Stowe, \"Knocking, knocking, who is there?\"\nEvery detail of this picture is symbolical, and most exquisitely\npainted.\n\n[Illustration: \"I am the Light of the World.\"]\nPlate 93. _\"I am the Light of the World.\"_ Holman Hunt. 1827-\n\n_Overbeck, Plate 94,_ emphasizes the thought in Rev. 3:20.\n\n[Illustration: \"Behold, I stand at the Door and Knock.\"]\nPlate 94. _\"Behold, I stand at the Door and Knock.\"_ Overbeck. 1789-\n1869.\n\n_Plockhoerst, Plate 99,_ has attempted to put into a single picture\nthe wealth of meaning suggested by the wondrous words, \"Come unto me,\nall ye that labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.\"\n(Matt, 11:28.) Humanity is symbolized by the pilgrim who needs\ncomforting.\n\n[Illustration: Christ the Consoler.]\nPlate 99. _Christ the Consoler._ B. Plockhoerst. 1825-\n\nTHE PEREAN MINISTRY.\n\nDuring this part of his life Jesus gave some of his most famous\nparables.\n\n_Siemenroth, Plate 101,_ illustrates the parable of the Good\nSamaritan. The Priest and the Levite have passed by; the Samaritan is\npouring oil and wine upon the wounds preparatory to binding them up.\n(Luke 10:30-34.)\n\n[Illustration: The Good Samaritan.]\nPlate 101. _The Good Samaritan._ K. Siemenroth.\n\n_Dore, Plate 100,_ shows the Samaritan bringing the wounded man to\nthe inn, as described in verse 34. In both pictures the plains of\nJericho are shown in the distance. It is interesting to note that one\nartist translates \"beast\" as an ass, and the other as a horse.\n\n[Illustration: The Good Samaritan.]\nPlate 100. _The Good Samaritan._ Gustave Dore. 1833-1883.\n\nThe Perean ministry was interrupted by a visit to Bethany and\nJerusalem.\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 114,_ has most beautifully drawn the group in the\nhome of Lazarus,--Martha, \"cumbered with much serving,\" (Luke 10:40),\nMary, \"who has chosen the good part,\" (verse 40), and for a reminder\nof Lazarus, who has not yet returned from work, his house-dog, asleep\nby the chair of Jesus.\n\n[Illustration: Bethany.]\nPlate 114. _Bethany._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_Allori, Plate 113,_ gives Martha a maidservant drawing water, and a\nman-servant bringing in a sheep for dinner. Mary has her alabaster\nbox close at hand! (Compare John 12:1-3.) About the time of the visit\nJesus opened the eyes of the man born blind. (John 9.)\n\n[Illustration: Christ in the House of Mary and Martha.]\nPlate 113. _Christ in the House of Mary and Martha._ A. Allori. 1544-\n1628.\n\n_Theotocopuli, Plate 115,_ represents Jesus performing the miracle,\nand the hypocritical Pharisees, shocked and offended that he should\ndo such a thing on the Sabbath. Following this event was the\ndiscourse about \"The Good Shepherd.\" (John 10:1-21.)\n\n[Illustration: Jesus Anoints the Blind Man's Eyes with Clay.]\nPlate 115. _Jesus Anoints the Blind Man's Eyes with Clay._\nTheotocopuli. 1548-1625.\n\n_Plockhoerst, Plate 116,_ has chosen to illustrate the phrase, \"He\ngoeth before them and the sheep follow him.\"\n\nUpon returning into Perea Jesus gave the \"Three Parables of Grace.\"\n(Luke 15.)\n\n[Illustration: The Good Shepherd.]\nPlate 116. _The Good Shepherd._ B. Plockhoerst. 1825-\n\n_Schoenherr, Plate 117,_ and _Molitor, Plate 102,_ represent the good\nshepherd who leaves the ninety and nine on the moor and goes after\nthe lost sheep until he finds it. (Luke 15:4.)\n\n[Illustration: The Good Shepherd.]\nPlate 117. The Good Shepherd. Carl Schoenherr.\n\n[Illustration: The Lost Sheep.]\nPlate 102. _The Lost Sheep._ Franz Molitor.\n\n_Millais, Plate 103,_ illustrates the next parable, that of the lost\ncoin. \"If a woman lose a coin, does she not light a candle and search\ncarefully until she finds it?\" (Luke 15:8-10.)\n\n[Illustration: The Lost Piece of Money.]\nPlate 103. _The Lost Piece of Money._ Sir John Millais. 1829-1896.\n\nIf the first parable of the group teaches the compassion of the Son,\nand the second the solicitude of the Spirit, the third teaches the\nenduring love of God the Father.\n\n_Molitor, Plate 105,_ has designed an almost abstract father and\nson--_a_ prodigal, perhaps, but not _the_ prodigal--to match his panel\nof the lost sheep. The parable is but faintly echoed in this picture.\n\n[Illustration: Prodigal Son.]\nPlate 105. _Prodigal Son._ Franz Molitor.\n\nThe man who has painted the parable as a whole is _Dubufe, Plate\n106._ The central panel in the triptych shows the young man wasting\nhis substance in riotous living. \"He squandered his property by his\ndissolute life,\" says one version. His feasts were such as that\ndescribed by Isaiah 5:11, 12. The panel at the left shows the young\nman in want, feeding swine, when \"no man gave unto him.\" (Luke\n15:16.) In that at the right, he has returned to his father's house.\n\n[Illustration: The Prodigal Son.]\nPlate 106. _The Prodigal Son._ E. Dubufe.\n\n_Dore, Plate 104,_ is truer to the parable in the matter of the\nreturn, for \"while he was yet a great way off his father saw him and\nran, and fell on his neck and kissed him.\" (Luke 15:20.)\n\n[Illustration: Prodigal Son.]\nPlate 104. _Prodigal Son._ Gustave Dore. 1833-1883.\n\n_Dore, Plate 107,_ illustrates the parable of the Rich Man and\nLazarus, as recorded in Luke 16:19-31. He has added a dramatic touch\nby representing the servants ordering the beggar away, even with\nviolence--a part of the \"evil things\" which Lazarus received during\nhis life. (Luke 16:25.)\n\n[Illustration: The Rich Man and Lazarus.]\nPlate 107. _The Rich Man and Lazarus._ Gustave Dore. 1833-1883.\n\nJesus was again called to visit Bethany by the death of the brother\nof Mary and Martha. None of the pictures here reproduced give an\nadequate representation of that which then occurred--the raising of\nLazurus. Perhaps the event is too august to be put upon canvas.\n\n_Bonifazio, Plate 118,_ seems to take an almost childish delight in\ndepicting the varying effects of a disagreeable odor! He has\nmagnified the remark of Martha (John 11:39) into the motive for a\npicture!\n\n[Illustration: Raising of Lazarus.]\nPlate 118. _Raising of Lazarus._ Bonifazio II. 1494-1563.\n\n_Piombo, Plate 119,_ suggests the large company who witnessed\nthe miracle, but ignores the statement that Lazarus was buried in a\ncave, and that he came forth without assistance. (Verses 38 and 44.)\nHe has surpassed Bonifazio in one respect at least. Piombo's people\nare astonished and excited over what has occurred: they are not\nentirely witless because of Martha's suggestion.\n\n[Illustration: Raising of Lazarus.]\nPlate 119. _Raising of Lazarus._ Sebastian del Piombo. 1485-1547.\n\n_Rubens, Plate 120,_ has not included the crowd in his canvas; but\nhis Lazarus comes forth vigorously and happily from his grave in the\ncave, to meet a master whose figure is charged with animation. The\ntraditional characters of the sisters are not forgotten. Martha helps\nto remove the grave-clothes, while Mary, as usual, worships the\nMaster.\n\n[Illustration: Raising of Lazarus.]\nPlate 120. _Raising of Lazarus._ Rubens. 1577-1640.\n\n_Dore, Plate 108,_ interprets the parable of the Pharisee and the\nPublican. The Pharisee stands and prays \"with himself\" (Luke 18:11),\nwhile the tax-gatherer will not so much as \"lift up his eyes to\nheaven,\" but says, \"God be merciful to me a sinner.\" (Verse 13.)\nJesus is represented as saying, \"This man went down to his house\njustified.\" (Verse 14.) Dore makes it an actual event, not merely a\nparable.\n\n[Illustration: The Pharisee and Publican.]\nPlate 108. _The Pharisee and Publican._ Gustave Dore. 1833-1883.\n\nChrist blessing the children, has been a favorite subject with\nartists.\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 109,_ tells the story in his own charming way. How\nsweetly child-like is that offering of the little bouquet! He\nremembers that not only little children came; mothers brought their\nbabies. (Luke 18:15.)\n\n[Illustration: Christ Blessing Little Children.]\nPlate 109. _Christ Blessing Little Children._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_Plockhoerst, Plate 110,_ is equally true to the account and to\nnature. Here a little child is asking to take her flowers to Jesus.\nPlockhoerst loves symbolism. Sheep are present (Is. 40:11), and a\nlittle boy is about to offer Jesus a palm-branch in unconscious\nanticipation of his triumphal entry to Jerusalem. (Matt. 21:8, 9 and\n15.)\n\n[Illustration: Christ Blessing Little Children.]\nPlate 110. _Christ Blessing Little Children._ B. Plockhoerst. 1825-\n\n_Vogel, Plate 111,_ has introduced one or two children old enough to\nhave some consciousness of a real need of such love and forgiveness\nas the Master offers to all. Their attitude is not that of naive\nchildhood.\n\n[Illustration: Christ Blessing Little Children.]\nPlate 111. _Christ Blessing Little Children._ Carlo Vogel.\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 112,_ has excelled himself in the portrayal of Christ\nand the rich young ruler, who asked how to obtain eternal life.\n(Matt. 19:16.) Jesus is saying; \"If thou wouldest be perfect go sell\nwhat thou hast and give to the poor, and thou shalt have treasure in\nheaven.\" The decision of the young man is already made. He will\npresently go away sorrowful, and keep his great possessions. (Matt.\n19:21, 22.)\n\n[Illustration: Christ and the Young Ruler.]\nPlate 112. _Christ and the Young Ruler._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_Bonifazio, Plate 121,_ illustrates the account of Matthew relative\nto the ambitions of James and John.\n\nTheir mother comes worshiping, and asking that her two sons may\nreceive special honor in Christ's Kingdom. Jesus is saying, \"My cup\nindeed ye shall drink; but to sit on my right hand and on my left\nhand it is not mine to give.\" (Matt. 20:20-28.) Peter is ready to add\nhis word of condemnation.\n\n[Illustration: Christ and Zebedee's Children.]\nPlate 121. _Christ and Zebedee's Children._ Bonifazio. 1494-1563.\n\nAT JERUSALEM.\n\nPASSION WEEK.\n\nJesus went on his way towards Jerusalem, and when he came within\nsight of the city he wept over it and said, \"Would that you had\nlearned, while there was time--yes, even you--the things that make\nfor peace! But as it is, they have been hidden from your sight. For a\ntime is coming for you when your enemies will surround you with\nearthworks, and encircle you, and hem you in on every side; they will\ntrample you down and your children within you, and they will not\nleave in you one stone upon another, because you did not see that God\nwas visiting you.\" (Twentieth Century N. T., Luke 19:42-44.)\n\n_Eastlake, Plate, 124,_ has not followed the scriptural account\nclosely, but has designed a panel, with the text in mind, possibly\ninfluenced also by Matt. 23:37, \"How often would I have gathered thy\nchildren together as a hen gathers her chickens under her wings, and\nye would not!\"\n\n[Illustration: Christ Weeps Over Jerusalem.]\nPlate 124. _Christ Weeps Over Jerusalem._ Sir Charles Eastlake. 1793-\n1865.\n\n_Deger, Plate 123,_ represents the triumphal entry into Jerusalem as\nrecorded in all the Gospels, but with most complete detail in Luke\n19:29-44. The people threw their garments upon a colt, and set Jesus\nthereon, and accompanied him from Bethpage to Jerusalem, waving palm\nbranches (John 12:13), and spreading garments and palms in the street\n(Matt. 21:8), and shouting \"Hosanna, Blessed is he that cometh in the\nname of the Lord.\" (Matt. 21:9.) The artist has allowed the mother of\nJesus to witness this short lived triumph of her son; nor has he\nforgotten the children (Matt. 21:15).\n\n[Illustration: Triumphal Entry.]\nPlate 123. _Triumphal Entry._ Ernest Deger. 1809-1885.\n\n_Dore, Plates 125 and 127,_ gives two incidents of the early part of\nthe week: the Herodians asking about tribute to Caesar (Matt. 22:16-\n22), and the poor widow giving her contribution to the temple\ntreasury (Mark 12:41-44).\n\n[Illustration: Jesus and the Tribute Money.]\nPlate 125. _Jesus and the Tribute Money._ Gustave Dore. 1833-1883.\n\n[Illustration: The Widow's Mite.]\nPlate 127. _The Widow's Mite._ Gustave Dore. 1833-1883.\n\n_Titian, Plate 126,_ in dealing with the incident of the tribute to\nCaesar, has selected the moment Dore selected, when Jesus asks, \"Whose\nimage and superscription hath it?\" (Mark 20:24.)\n\n[Illustration: Tribute to Caesar.]\nPlate 126. _Tribute to Caesar._ Titian. 1477-1576.\n\n_Van Dyck, Plate 96,_ has chosen the moment when Jesus says, \"Render\ntherefore unto Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and unto God the\nthings that are God's\" (Matt. 22:21).\n\n[Illustration: Tribute Money.]\nPlate 96. _Tribute Money._ A. Van Dyck. 1599-1641.\n\nTowards the close of his discourse about The Last Things, Jesus gave\nthe parable of the Wise and Foolish Virgins. (Matt. 25:1-13.)\n\n_Poloty, Plate 128,_ has attempted to illustrate this parable, and\nhas chosen the moment when the foolish virgins discover that they are\nunprepared. (Verses 8 and 9.) Evidently the cry, \"Behold the\nbridegroom cometh,\" was not heard, upon this occasion, \"at midnight\"\n(Verse 6.)\n\n[Illustration: Parable of the Virgins.]\nPlate 128. _Parable of the Virgins._ Carl Theodor von Poloty. 1826-\n1886.\n\nTHE LAST SUPPER.\n\n[Illustration: Conspiracy Against Jesus.]\nPlate 129. _Conspiracy Against Jesus._ Alexandre Bida. 1813-1895.\n\nWhen the disciples entered the upper room all had neglected to assume\nthe office of servant in preparation for the meal. They were\ndisputing as to who should be the greatest in the kingdom. (Luke\n22:24.) Jesus therefore arose from the table and performed the act of\ncleansing.\n\n_Brown, Plate 133,_ has portrayed the incident wonderfully well. The\ndialogue with Peter is just finished. (John 13:6-10.)\n\n[Illustration: Jesus Washes the Disciples' Feet.]\nPlate 133. _Jesus Washes the Disciples' Feet._ Ford Madox Brown.\n1821-1893.\n\n_Da Vinci, Plate 131,_ has excelled all others in rendering the\neffects of the announcement Jesus made shortly afterwards, when they\nwere at table again, \"One of you shall betray me.\" Some of the\ndisciples wonder (John 13:22), some ask, \"Is it I?\" (Mark 14:19.)\nPeter whispers to John to inquire who it is. (John 13:24.) The face\nof Judas alone is in shadow and inscrutable. Presently Judas will go\nout to the conspiring chief priests. (John 13:27-30.)\n\n[Illustration: The Last Supper.]\nPlate 131. _The Last Supper._ Leonardo Da Vinci. 1452-1519.\n\nWhen Judas had departed, Jesus said, \"Now is the Son of man\nglorified.\" (John 13:31.) \"And as they were eating, Jesus took bread\nand blessed, and break it.\"\n\n_Bida, Plate 132,_ gives a graphic picture of the moment of blessing\nthe bread. \"This is my body which is given for you,\" he said (Luke\n22:19). \"This do in remembrance of me.\"\n\n[Illustration: The Last Supper.]\nPlate 132. _The Last Supper._ Alexandra Bida. 1813-1895.\n\nBida shows the bent figure of Judas retreating into the darkness.\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 130,_ continues the story. \"And he took a cup, and\ngave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, Drink ye all of it; for\nthis is my blood of the covenant, which is shed for many unto\nremission of sins.\" (Matt. 26:27-28.)\n\n[Illustration: The Last Supper.]\nPlate 130. _The Last Supper._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\nNo one has portrayed more clearly the characteristic attitudes of the\ndisciples who heard these astonishing words. John is the only one who\nseems to appreciate the meaning of the sacrament. John only seems to\nhave recalled distinctly what followed--the touching and comforting\nfarewell discourses.\n\nHofmann, as well as Bida, shows the retreating Judas, going out into\nthe night. \"And when they had sung a hymn, they went out unto the\nmount of Olives.\" (Mark 14:26.)\n\n\"And they came unto a place which was named Gethesame; and he said\nunto his disciples, Sit ye here, while I go yonder and pray.\" (Mark\n14:32, Matt. 26:36.)\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 136,_ reveals to us the Master in prayer, with Peter,\nJames, and John in the distance. (Mark 14:33.) The moment is that\nwhen Jesus triumphs with the words, \"Thy will be done.\" (Matt.\n26:42.)\n\n[Illustration: Jesus in Gethsemane.]\nPlate 136. _Jesus in Gethsemane._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_Dolci, Plate 135,_ shows the angel which came and strengthened him.\n(Luke 22:43.) The angel bears the cross and the cup as symbols, but\nthe cup brought that which was sufficient to the occasion. (Compare\nII. Cor. 12:9.)\n\n[Illustration: Agony in the Garden.]\nPlate 135. _Agony in the Garden._ Carlo Dolci. 1616-1686.\n\nJesus returned to the sleeping disciples. \"Look,\" he said, \"my\nbetrayer is close at hand.\" He had hardly said the words when Judas\ncame in sight with a crowd of people with swords and staffs. Judas\ncame to Jesus and exclaimed, \"I am glad to see you, Rabbi,\" and\nkissed him. (Twentieth Century N. T., Matt. 26:46-50.)\n\n_Scheffer, Plate 137,_ attempts to place the two characters, Jesus\nand Judas, in strong contrast before our eyes; but he hardly touches\neven the outside!\n\n[Illustration: Kiss of Judas.]\nPlate 137. _Kiss of Judas._ Ary Scheffer.\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 138,_ represents the captive Christ. Judas, smitten\nalready with remorse, skulks along clutching his bag of silver. Mary\nis watching from a distance. John is weeping upon Peter's neck. \"So\nthe band and the chief captain and the officers of the Jews, seized\nJesus, and bound him, and led him to Annas.\" (John 18:12-13.) Simon\nPeter and another disciple followed Jesus afar off, and managed to\ngain admittance to the court of the high priest's house. There Peter\ndenied his Lord.\n\n[Illustration: Jesus Taken Captive.]\nPlate 138. _Jesus Taken Captive._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_West, Plate 140,_ represents Peter denying before the maid-servant\n(John 18:17), evidently the first time, for he was more violent the\nsecond time the maid questioned him. (Mark 14:70-71.) The painter has\nintroduced the figure of Jesus to make the picture more intelligible.\nThe maid seems to be asking Jesus if Peter has told the truth.\n\n[Illustration: Peter's Denial of Christ.]\nPlate 140. _Peter's Denial of Christ._ Benjamin West. 1738-1820.\n\n_Harrach, Plate 139,_ gives the denial of Peter before the soldiers\nin the presence of the maid-servant. (Mark 14:54 and 67.) As Peter\ndenies, the cock, above in the branches of a vine, crows as Jesus had\npredicted. Harrach has seized upon the moment recorded by Luke alone.\n\"And the Lord turned and looked upon Peter.\" (Luke 22:61.) And Peter\nremembered, and went out and wept bitterly. (Verse 6.)\n\n[Illustration: Peter's Denial of Christ.]\nPlate 139. _Peter's Denial of Christ._ Graf Harrach.\n\nIn the morning the trial is continued before Pilate. Probably no one\nhas painted that scene so well as has _Munkacsy, Plate 141._ The\npicture is true to the accounts of the evangelists, and is besides a\ngreat study of character. The face of Christ is about the only\ninadequate piece of representation in the whole picture. Munkacsy has\nevidently followed Luke's account. \"And they began to accuse him,\nsaying, We found this man perverting our nation, and forbidding to\ngive tribute to Caesar.\" The moment may be that after which Pilate\nsays, \"I find no fault in this man,\" and the accusers \"become more\nurgent, saying, He stirreth up the people\" (Luke 23:4, 5).\n\n[Illustration: Trial Before Pilate.]\nPlate 141. _Trial Before Pilate._ M'Haly Munkacsy. 1846-\n\nThen the soldiers took Jesus into the Pretorium, and stripped him,\nand scourged him, and plaited a crown of thorns, and gave him a\nscarlet robe, and put a reed in his hand. Smiting him again and again\non the head, they offered him mock reverence.\n\n_Guido, Plate 142,_ portrays Jesus at this time (Matt. 27:27-30).\nAfterwards Pilate brings Jesus forth to the crowd and says, \"Behold\nthe Man.\" (John 19:5.)\n\n[Illustration: Ecce Homo.]\nPlate 142. _Ecce Homo._ Guido Reni. 1575-1642.\n\n_Ciseri, Plate 143,_ takes us upon the colonnade with Pilate and\nJesus, and gives us a sense of the mad crowd below--immense,\nimplacable--shouting \"Crucify him! Crucify him!\" (John 19:6.)\n\n[Illustration: Ecce Homo.]\nPlate 143. _Ecce Homo._ Antonio Ciseri. 1825-\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 144,_ shows \"the man\" to us, and says, Behold him!\nHofmann too, suggests the angry crowd, and in the distance introduces\nthe three Marys. Both these artists include Pilate's wife in the\npicture because of Matt. 27:19.\n\n[Illustration: Ecce Homo.]\nPlate 144. _Ecce Homo._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_Dore, Plate 145,_ with his love of the extraordinary, has\nobjectified such a dream as he supposes might have caused a Roman\nmatron to 'suffer many things.' She sees the living and the dead, all\nheaven and hell attendant upon the Christ, and because of this fears\nfor the welfare of her husband if he does not protect so august a\nperson as this mysterious King, whose Kingdom is not of this world.\n\n[Illustration: Pilate's Wife's Dream.]\nPlate 145. _Pilate's Wife's Dream._ Gustave Dore. 1833-1883.\n\nTHE CRUCIFIXION.\n\nPilate at last delivered Jesus over to be crucified. \"And he went out\nbearing the cross for himself.\" Through loss of sleep and loss of\nblood, worn out with the long agony, Jesus fainted, and fell beneath\nthe load of the cross. They compelled a man whom they met coming in\nfrom the country, Simon the Cyrenean, to bear the cross for Jesus,\nand thus, accompanied by a crowd of people, they came at last to\nCalvary. The scene which followed has been painted hundreds of times,\nas a whole, and in detail, sometimes with almost revolting realism,\nsometimes with fascinating power.\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 146,_ represents Jesus carrying the cross to Calvary\n(John 19:17), and the women who bewailed and lamented him. (Luke\n23:27.) The company is just going through the Damascus gate.\n\n[Illustration: Bearing the Cross.]\nPlate 146. _Bearing the Cross._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_Thiersch, Plate 147,_ gives the tragic incident which occurred just\noutside the gate. Jesus has fallen. He is speaking to the women the\nwords recorded in Luke 23:28-31. Calvary is seen in the distance\nwhere the crosses for the two thieves have already been placed. There\nthey crucified him between the two thieves.\n\n[Illustration: Bearing the Cross.]\nPlate 147. _Bearing the Cross._ Ludwig Thiersch.\n\n_Munkacsy, Plate 149,_ gives us a picture of the retreating soldiers\nafter the awful deed has been done. \"The people stood beholding . . .\nthe rulers scoffed at him, the chief priests mocked, the scribes\nsaid, He saved others; himself he cannot save.\" (Luke 23:35, Mark\n15:31.) Darkness is coming upon the earth. In _Plate 150,_ John and\nthe three Marys are at the foot of the cross. (John 19:25.)\n\n[Illustration: The Crucifixion.]\nPlate 149. _The Crucifixion._ M. Munkacsy. 1844-\n\n[Illustration: Christ on the Cross and the Three Marys.]\nPlate 150. _Christ on the Cross and the Three Marys._ M. Munkacsy.\n1844-\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 148,_ has chosen a later moment. Jesus has committed\nhis mother to the care of John (John 19:26-27), and with the word,\n\"It is finished,\" has given up his spirit into his Father's hands.\n(Luke 23:46.) Amid rending rocks and opening tombs the Centurion is\nsaying, \"Truly this was the Son of God.\" (Matt. 27:54.)\n\n[Illustration: The Crucifixion.]\nPlate 148. _The Crucifixion._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_Rubens, Plate 151,_ illustrates most graphically Mark 15:42-47.\nJoseph of Arimathaea went boldly to Pilate and asked for the body of\nJesus. His request being granted, \"he brought a linen cloth, and\ntaking him down, wound him in the linen cloth.\" (Mark 15:46.) \"And\nthere came also Nicodemus, bringing a mixture of myrrh and aloes.\" So\nthey took the body of Jesus and bound it in linen cloths, with the\nspices, as the custom of the Jews is to bury. (John 19:39-40.)\n\n[Illustration: Descent from the Cross.]\nPlate 151. _Descent from the Cross._ Rubens. 1577-1640.\n\n_Gerome, Plate 153,_ has given the most weird and graphic\nrepresentation of the deserted hill and the doomed city. The\nsupernatural darkness is passing. A flood of lurid light pours upon\nCalvary, casting the ominous shadows of the crosses towards the\nretreating multitude. In the distance the livid temple marks the\nplace of the rending veil. (Mark 15:38.)\n\n[Illustration: Golgotha.]\nPlate 153. _Golgotha._ J. L. Gerome. 1824-\n\n_Morris, Plate 152,_ has drawn the deserted cross. An unknown woman\nlifts her little boy that he may see that which was written above the\nhead of Christ. \"And there was written, Jesus of Nazareth, The King\nof the Jews . . . in Hebrew, in Latin, and in Greek.\" (John\n19:19-22.)\n\n[Illustration: Whereon They Crucified Him.]\nPlate 152. _Whereon They Crucified Him._ P. R. Morris.\n\nTHE BURIAL.\n\n_Ciseri, Plate 156,_ portrays, if not \"The grandest funeral that ever\npassed on earth,\" certainly the greatest. Joseph of Arimathaea,\nNicodemus, and John the beloved carry the dead Christ. His mother,\nMary, the Wonderful, walks by his side. \"Is it nothing to you, all ye\nthat pass by? Behold, and see if there be any sorrow like unto my\nsorrow, which is done unto me, wherewith the Lord hath afflicted me.\"\n(Lam. 1:12.) Mary, the wife of Clopas, Mary Magdalene, and probably\nMary of Bethany, are the other mourners. \"Now in the place where he\nwas crucified there was a garden, and in the garden a new tomb\nwherein was never man yet laid.\" (John 19:41.)\n\n[Illustration: Christ Borne to the Tomb.]\nPlate 156. _Christ Borne to the Tomb._ Antonio Ciseri.\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 155,_ represents the company entering the rock-hewn\ntomb. He composes his company differently. The four women are present\nin the background, but now two of Joseph's servants have arrived to\nassist the three men who had been carrying the body. There, in the\ntomb, the body of Jesus was laid (John 19:42).\n\n[Illustration: Entombment.]\nPlate 155. _Entombment._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 154,_ adds a human touch not found in the records of\nthe evangelists. The last to leave the body are John and the Lord's\nmother, Mary.\n\n[Illustration: In the Sepulchre.]\nPlate 154. _In the Sepulchre._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_Dyce, Plate 158,_ shows John and Mary with the crown of thorns, on\ntheir way to John's own home. (John 19:27.) Joseph and Nicodemus are\njust leaving the garden, while Mary Magdalene and another Mary watch\nat the tomb. (Mark 15:47.)\n\n[Illustration: John and the Mother of Jesus.]\nPlate 158. _John and the Mother of Jesus._ Wm. Dyce.\n\n_Dobson, Plate 157,_ has attempted to express the sorrow of Mary and\nthe solicitude of John as they continue the walk homeward.\n\n[Illustration: John and the Mother of Jesus.]\nPlate 157. _John and the Mother of Jesus._ W. C. T. Dobson.\n\nTHE RESURRECTION.\n\nAs it began to dawn towards the first day of the week, \"there was a\ngreat earthquake, for an angel of the Lord descended from heaven, and\ncame and rolled away the stone and sat upon it.\" (Matt. 28:1-2.)\n\n_Naack, Plate 159,_ has designed a panel which presents a synthesis\nof the various accounts of the resurrection, and adds the symbols of\nvictory and triumph. Other artists have given more literal renderings\nof particular texts. For example:\n\n[Illustration: The Resurrection.]\nPlate 159. _The Resurrection._ A. Naack.\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 160,_ has Mary sitting upon the stone outside the\ntomb, weeping (John 20:11), and the risen Christ approaching her from\nbehind.\n\n[Illustration: Easter Morning.]\nPlate 160. _Easter Morning._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_Di Credi, Plate 162,_ has selected the instant when Mary, turning,\nappeals to \"the gardener,\" as she supposes, to show her where the\nbody of Jesus has been hidden. (John 20:14-15.)\n\n[Illustration: Christ Appearing to Magdalene.]\nPlate 162. _Christ Appearing to Magdalene._ Lorenzo Di Credi. 1459-\n1537.\n\n_Plockhoerst, Plate 161,_ expresses the joyful surprise of Mary when\nshe recognizes her Lord. Jesus is directing her to go to his brethren\nand say, \"I ascend unto my Father and your Father, and my God and\nyour God.\" (John 20:17.) One hand is held as a warning to Mary not to\ntouch him, the other points upward towards heaven.\n\n[Illustration: Risen Lord and Mary Magdalene.]\nPlate 161. _Risen Lord and Mary Magdalene._ B. Plockhoerst. 1825-\n\nAFTER THE RESURRECTION.\n\nIn the afternoon, after the resurrection, two disciples on the way to\nEmmaus found themselves accompanied by a stranger with wondrous power\nas an expositor of scripture. (Luke 24:13-27.)\n\n_Plockhoerst, Plate 164,_ takes us along the road with the three. The\nspeaker is asking, \"Was not the Christ bound to undergo all this\nbefore entering upon his glory?\" (Verse 26.)\n\n[Illustration: Walk to Emmaus.]\nPlate 164. _Walk to Emmaus._ B. Plockhoerst. 1825-\n\n_Scheffer, Plate 163,_ shows Mary of Magdala, Mary the mother of\nJames, and another woman who, after their vision at the sepulchre,\nare on their way to tell the disciples. (Luke 24:9-10.) These are the\nwomen whose words seemed to the disciples but idle tales unworthy of\nbelief. (Verse 11.)\n\n[Illustration: Three Marys.]\nPlate 163. _Three Marys._ Ary Scheffer. 1795-1858.\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 166,_ shows the two urging the stranger to stop at\nEmmaus. (Verses 28, 29.)\n\n[Illustration: Walk to Emmaus.]\nPlate 166. _Walk to Emmaus._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_Fuerst, Plate 165,_ shows them inviting him into the house. (Verse\n29.)\n\n[Illustration: Walk to Emmaus.]\nPlate 165. _Walk to Emmaus._ M. Fuerst.\n\n_Mueller, Plate 167,_ illustrates verse 30, \"he took the bread and\nblessed it.\"\n\n[Illustration: Supper at Emmaus.]\nPlate 167. _Supper at Emmaus._ Carl Mueller. 1839-\n\n_Diethe, Plate 168,_ shows him in the act of breaking the bread.\n\n[Illustration: Supper at Emmaus.]\nPlate 168. _Supper at Emmaus._ Alfred Diethe. 1836-\n\nIn the picture of _Rembrandt, Plate 169,_ the glory appears, and the\ndisciples recognize the Master \"in the breaking of the bread.\"\n(Verses 31 and 35.)\n\n[Illustration: Supper at Emmaus.]\nPlate 169. _Supper at Emmaus._ Rembrandt 1607-1669.\n\nThat very evening at Jerusalem, Jesus appeared to the disciples who\nwere gathered in an upper room. Thomas, one of the twelve, was\nabsent, and doubted when the others told him that they had seen the\nLord. (John 20:24, 25.)\n\nEight days later the disciples were again together, Thomas being with\nthem. Suddenly Jesus stood in the midst. (John 20:26.)\n\n_Guercino, Plate 170,_ shows what followed. \"Then said he to Thomas,\nreach hither thy finger and see my hand, and reach hither thy hand\nand put it into my side; and be not faithless, but believing.\" (John\n20:27.) The painter has given Jesus a banner as a symbol of victory,\na Christian symbol as old as the catacombs.\n\n[Illustration: \"Thomas the Doubter.\"]\nPlate 170. _\"Thomas the Doubter.\"_ Guercino. 1590-1666.\n\nTHE ASCENSION.\n\nAt the end of forty days Jesus appeared to the disciples once more,\nand after giving final instructions as to their future work, \"he led\nthem out until they were over against Bethany: and he lifted up his\nhands and blessed them.\" (Luke 24:50.)\n\n_Hofmann, Plate 171,_ illustrates the next verse. \"And it came to\npass, while he blessed them, he parted from them, and was carried up\ninto heaven.\" In Acts the added information is given that \"a cloud\nreceived him out of their sight.\" (Acts 1:9.) Luke says, \"they\nworshipped him\" (verse 52); but Hofmann has angels worshipping (the\n\"two men\" of Acts 1:10), for the disciples are too greatly astonished\nto worship just then.\n\n[Illustration: The Ascension.]\nPlate 171. _The Ascension._ H. Hofmann. 1824-\n\n_Rembrandt, Plate 172,_ emphasizes the glory of it all. The prayer of\nChrist (John 17:5), is answered, the promise of God (John 12:28), is\nfulfilled. The Spirit which appeared at the baptism of Jesus in the\nform of a dove, descending upon him as he began his ministry, here\ndescends again as he enters the heavens where he ever liveth to make\nintercession for us.\n\n[Illustration: The Ascension.]\nPlate 172. _The Ascension._ Rembrandt. 1607-1666.\n\n\nAnd many other such pictures have been painted, which are not given\nin this book; but these are given that ye may be helped to see Jesus\nthe Christ, the Son of God, and that seeing ye may believe and have\nlife in his name.\n\n\nWrite the vision, and make it plain upon tables, that he may run that\nreadeth it.\n\nHABAKKUK 2:2.\n\n\n\nINDEX BY TITLES OF PICTURES.\n\nAdoration of the Kings--MALDINI\nAdoration of the Magi--LUINI\n VERONESE\nAdulterous Woman--SIGNOL\nAgony in the Garden--DOLCI\nAngels and the Shepherds--PLOCKHOeRST\nAnnunciation--TITIAN\nAnnunciation to Mary--BAROCCIO\n DOSSO\n HOFMANN\n MUeLLER\n RENI\nAnointing Feet of Jesus--HOFMANN\nArrival of the Shepherds--LEROLLE\nAscension--HOFMANN\n REMBRANDT\nBearing the Cross--HOFMANN\n THIERSCH\nBehold, I stand at the Door and Knock--OVERBECK\nBehold the Lamb of God--BIDA\nBethany--HOFMANN\nBethlehem--HOFMANN\nBirth of John--ANGELICO\nCalling of Matthew--BIDA\n CHIMENTI\n PORDENONE\nCanaanitish Woman--VECCHIO\nCenturion's Servant--VERONESE\nChrist among the Doctors--LAFON\nChrist and St. Peter--PLOCKHOeRST\n SCHWARTZ\nChrist and the Fishermen--ZIMMERMANN\nChrist and the Sinner--HOFMANN\nChrist and the Young Ruler--HOFMANN\nChrist and Zebedee's Children--BONIFAZIO\nChrist Appearing to Magdalene--DI CREDI\nChrist Blessing Little Children--HOFMANN\n PLOCKHOeRST\n VOGEL\nChrist Borne to the Tomb--CISERI\nChrist Casting out the Money-changers--KIRCHBUCK\nChrist Disputing in the Temple--DOBSON\nChrist Disputing with the Doctors--HOFMANN\nChrist Giving Keys to St. Peter--RENI\nChrist in the House of Mary and Martha--ALLORI\nChrist on the Cross and the Three Marys--MUNKACSY\nChrist Raising the Daughter of Jairus--RICHTER\nChrist's Charge to St. Peter--RAPHAEL\nChrist Taking Leave of His Mother--PLOCKHOeRST\nChrist the Consoler--PLOCKHOeRST\nChrist Weeps Over Jerusalem--EASTLAKE\nConsider the Lilies--LE JEUNE\nConspiracy against Jesus--BIDA\nCrucifixion--HOFMANN\n MUNKACSY\nDaughter of Jairus--HOFMANN\nDemoniac Boy--RAPHAEL\nDescent from the Cross--RUBENS\nEaster Morning--HOFMANN\nEcce Homo--CISERI\n HOFMANN\n RENI\nEntombment--HOFMANN\nFinding of Christ in the Temple--HUNT\nFlight into Egypt--FUeRST\n HOFMANN\n PLOCKHOeRST\nGolgotha--GEROME\nGood Samaritan--DORE\n SIEMENROTH\nGood Shepherd--PLOCKHOeRST\n SCHOeNHERR\nHead of John the Baptist in a Charger--RENI\nHealing of the Impotent Man--BIDA\n VAN LINT\nHealing the Sick--HOFMANN\n SCHOeNHERR\nHealing the Sick Child--MAX\nHoly Family--MURILLO\nHoly Night--CORREGGIO\nI am the Light of the World--HUNT\nInfancy of Christ--HOFMANN\nIn the Sepulchre--HOFMANN\nIn the Temple--HOFMANN\nJesus and His Disciples Going through Cornfield--DORE\nJesus and the Child--BALLHEIM\nJesus and the Tribute Money--DORE\nJesus and the Woman of Samaria--BILIVERTI\n DORE\n HOFMANN\nJesus Anoints the Blind Man's Eyes--THEOTOCOPULI\nJesus in Gethsemane--HOFMANN\nJesus in the House of Simon--VERONESE\nJesus on His Way to Jerusalem--MENGELBERG\nJesus Preaches from a Boat--HOFMANN\nJesus Taken Captive--HOFMANN\nJesus Walking by the Sea--GRUNEWALD\nJesus Washes the Disciples' Feet--BROWN\nJohn and the Mother of Jesus--DOBSON\n DYCE\nJohn the Baptist--SARTO\nJohn the Baptist Preaching--TITIAN\nJoseph and Mary; Arrival at Bethlehem--MERSON\nJoseph's Dream--CRESPI\nKiss of Judas--SCHEFFER\nLast Supper--BIDA\n HOFMANN\n VINCI\nLost Piece of Money--MILLAIS\nLost Sheep--MOLITOR\nMadonna and Child--MURILLO\nMagdalen--RUBENS\nMarriage Feast--VERONESE\nMary's Visit to Elizabeth--ALBERTINELLI\nMiracle of the Loaves and Fishes--MURILLO\nMiraculous Draught of Fishes--RAPHAEL\nNativity--BOUGUEREAU\n MUeLLER\nNicodemus' Visit to Jesus--UNKNOWN\nParable of the Sower--ROBERT\nParable of the Virgins--POLOTY\nPeace, be still--DORE\nPeter's Denial of Christ--HARRACH\n WEST\nPharisee and Publican--DORE\nPilate's Wife's Dream--DORE\nPrayer in Secret--BIDA\nPresentation at the Temple--BARTOLOMMEO\n BORGOGNONE\n BOURDON\n CHAMPAIGNE\n FATTORINO\nProdigal Son--DORE\n DUBUFE\n MOLITOR\nPurification of the Temple--HOFMANN\nRaising of Lazarus--BONIFAZIO\n PIOMBO\n RUBENS\nRaising the Daughter of Jairus--KELLER\nRaising the Widow's Son--HOFMANN\nRepose in Egypt--BENZ\n MERSON\nResurrection--NAACK\nRich Man and Lazarus--DORE\nRisen Lord and Mary Magdalene--PLOCKHOeRST\nSermon on the Mount--DORE\n HOFMANN\nShadow of Death--HUNT\nShadow of the Cross--MORRIS\nSupper at Emmaus--DIETHE\n MUeLLER\n REMBRANDT\nTalking with Lame Man, Bethesda--VAN DYCK\nTemptation--HOFMANN\nTemptation of Christ--SCHEFFER\nThomas the Doubter--GUERCINO\nThree Marys--SCHEFFER\nTransfiguration--RAPHAEL\nTrial before Pilate--MUNKACSY\nTribute Money--VAN DYCK\nTribute to Caesar--TITIAN\nTriumphal Entry--DEGER\nWalk to Emmaus--FUeRST\n HOFMANN\n PLOCKHOeRST\nWhereon they Crucified Him--MORRIS\nWidow's Mite--DORE\nWorship of the Magi--HOFMANN\n\n---\n\nNOTE.--The \"Wilde Bible Pictures,\" from which are selected the\npictures illustrating \"The Great Painters' Gospel,\" are\ntwo-and-one-half times as large as the reduction herein used.\nA catalogue of these penny pictures will be furnished on\napplication to the publishers.\n\n\nINDEX BY ARTISTS.\n\nAlbertinelli.\n Mary's Visit to Elisabeth\nAllori.\n Christ in the house of Mary and Martha\nAngelico, Fra.\n Birth of John\nBallheim.\n Jesus and the Child\nBaroccio.\n Annunciation to Mary\nBartolommeo, Fra.\n Presentation at the Temple\nBenz, S.\n Repose in Egypt\nBida, Alexandre.\n Behold the Lamb of God\n Calling of Matthew\n Conspiracy against Jesus\n Healing of the Impotent Man\n Last Supper\n Prayer in Secret\nBiliverti.\n Jesus and the Woman of Samaria\nBonifazio.\n Christ and Zebedee's Children\n Raising of Lazarus\nBorgognone.\n Presentation at the Temple\nBourdon, Sebastien.\n Presentation at the Temple\nBouguereau, W. A.\n Nativity\nBrown, Ford Madox.\n Jesus Washes the Disciples' Feet\nChampaigne.\n Presentation at the Temple\nChimenti, Jacopo.\n Calling of Matthew\nCiseri, Antonio.\n Christ borne to the tomb\n Ecce Homo\nCorreggio.\n Holy Night\nCrespi, Daniele.\n Joseph's Dream\nDeger, Ernest.\n Triumphal Entry\nDi Credi, Lorenzo.\n Christ appearing to Magdalene\nDiethe, Alfred.\n Supper at Emmaus\nDobson, W. C. T.\n Christ disputing in the Temple\n John and the Mother of Jesus\nDolci, Carlo.\n Agony in the Garden\nDore, Gustave.\n Good Samaritan\n Jesus and His Disciples Going Through Cornfield\n Jesus and the Tribute Money\n Jesus and the Woman of Samaria\n Peace, Be Still\n Pharisee and Publican\n Pilate's Wife's Dream\n Prodigal Son\n Rich Man and Lazarus\n Sermon on the Mount\n Widow's Mite\nDosso, Dossi.\n Annunciation to Mary\nDubufe, E.\n Prodigal Son\nDyce, William.\n John and the Mother of Jesus\nEastlake, Sir Charles.\n Christ Weeps Over Jerusalem\nFattorino, Bartolommeo Del.\n Presentation at the Temple\nFuerst, M.\n Flight into Egypt\n Walk to Emmaus\nGerome, J. L.\n Golgotha\nGruenewald, M.\n Jesus Walking by the Sea\nGuercino.\n Thomas the Doubter\nHarrach, Graf.\n Peter's Denial of Christ\nHofmann\n Anointing feet of Jesus\n Annunciation to Mary\n Ascension\n Bearing the Cross\n Bethany\n Bethlehem\n Christ and the Sinner\n Christ and the Young Ruler\n Christ Blessing Little Children\n Christ Disputing with the Doctors\n Crucifixion\n Daughter of Jairus\n Easter Morning\n Ecce Homo\n Entombment\n Flight into Egypt\n Healing the Sick\n Infancy of Christ\n In the Sepulchre\n In the Temple\n Jesus and the Woman of Samaria\n Jesus in Gethsemane\n Jesus Preaches from a Boat\n Jesus taken Captive\n Last Supper\n Purification of the Temple\n Raising the Widow's Son\n Sermon on the Mount\n Temptation\n Walk to Emmaus\n Worship of the Magi\nHunt, Holman.\n Finding of Christ in the Temple\n I am the Light of the World\n Shadow of Death\nKeller, A.\n Raising the Daughter of Jairus\nKirchbuch, F\n Christ Casting out the Money-changers\nLafon, Emile, J.\n Christ among the Doctors\nLe Jeune, Henry.\n Consider the Lilies\nLerolle, Henry.\n Arrival of the Shepherds\nLuini.\n Adoration of the Magi\nMaldini, Battista.\n Adoration of the Kings\nMax, Gabriel.\n Healing the Sick Child\nMengleberg.\n Jesus, Twelve Years Old, on his Way to Jerusalem\nMerson, Oliver L.\n Joseph and Mary at Bethlehem\n Repose in Egypt\nMillais, Sir John.\n Lost Piece of Money\nMolitor, Franz.\n Lost Sheep\n Prodigal Son\nMorris, P. R.\n Shadow of the Cross\n Whereon they Crucified Him\nMueller, Carl.\n Nativity\n Supper at Emmaus\nMueller, Franz.\n Annunciation to Mary\nMunkacsy.\n Christ on the Cross and the Three Marys\n Crucifixion\n Trial before Pilate\nMurillo.\n Holy Family\n Madonna and Child\n Miracle of the Loaves and Fishes\nNaack, A.\n Resurrection\nOverbeck.\n Behold, I Stand at the Door and Knock\nPiombo, Sebastian del.\n Raising of Lazarus\nPlockhoerst.\n Angels and the Shepherds\n Christ and St. Peter\n Christ Blessing Little Children\n Christ Taking Leave of His Mother\n Christ the Consoler\n Flight into Egypt\n Good Shepherd\n Risen Lord and Mary Magdalene\n Walk to Emmaus\nPoloty, Theodore von\n Parable of the Virgins\nPordenone, Giovanni.\n Calling of Matthew\nRaphael.\n Christ's Charge to St. Peter\n Demoniac Boy\n Miraculous Draught of Fishes\n Transfiguration\nRembrandt.\n Ascension\n Supper at Emmaus\nReni, Guido.\n Annunciation to Mary\n Christ Giving Keys to St. Peter\n Ecce Homo\n Head of John the Baptist in a Charger\nRichter, Gustav.\n Christ Raising the Daughter of Jairus\nRobert, H. L.\n Parable of the Sower\nRubens.\n Descent from the Cross\n Magdalen\n Raising of Lazarus\nSarto, Andrea del.\n John the Baptist\nScheffer, Ary.\n Kiss of Judas\n Temptation of Christ\n Three Marys\nSchoenherr, Karl.\n Good Shepherd\n Healing the Sick\nSchwartz.\n Christ and St. Peter\nSiemenroth, K.\n Good Samaritan\nSignol, Emile.\n Adulterous Woman\nTheotocopuli.\n Jesus Anoints the Blind Man's Eyes\nThiersch, Ludwig.\n Bearing the Cross\nTitian.\n Annunciation\n John the Baptist Preaching\n Tribute to Caesar\nUnknown Artist.\n Nicodemus' Visit to Jesus\nVan Dyck.\n Talking with Lame Man, Bethesda\n Tribute Money\nVan Lint, Peter.\n Healing of the Impotent Man\nVecchio, Palma.\n Canaanitish Woman\nVeronese, Bonifazio.\n Adoration of the Magi\nVeronese, Paolo.\n Centurion's Servant\n Marriage Feast\n Jesus in the House of Simon\nVinci, Leonardo Da.\n Last Supper\nVogel, Carlo.\n Christ Blessing Little Children\nWest, Benjamin.\n Peter's Denial of Christ\nZimmermann, Ernst K.G.\n Christ and the Fishermen","title":"The great painters' gospel : $b pictures representing scenes and incidents in the life of Our Lord Jesus Christ, with Scriptural quotations, references and suggestions for comparative study","tradition":"scripture-revelation","translated_text":null,"word_count":15964}