{"collection":"myth-cosmogony","full_text_available":true,"graph_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/v2/api/page/gutenberg_42038/graph","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/v2/page/gutenberg_42038","id":"gutenberg_42038","license":"Public Domain (US)","rights_basis":"gutenberg_metadata_copyright_false","source":"gutenberg","source_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/42038","summary":null,"tags":["Category: Encyclopedias/Dictionaries/Reference","Category: Essays, Letters & Speeches","Category: History - Other","Category: Journals","Category: Mythology, Legends & Folklore","Notes and Queries","Questions and answers -- Periodicals"],"text":"{529}\n\nNOTES AND QUERIES:\n\nA MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES,\nGENEALOGISTS, ETC.\n\n\"When found, make a note of.\"--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nVol. V.--No. 136.]\nSATURDAY, JUNE 5. 1852\n[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nCONTENTS.\n\n  NOTES:--                                                    Page\n\n  Autobiography of William Oldys, by Charles Bridger           529\n\n  On Cosin's \"History of Popish Transubstantiation,\" edited\n    by the Rev. J. S. Brewer                                   531\n\n  Ancient Guildhalls in England                                532\n\n  The Seventh Son of a Seventh Son, by Henry Edwards           532\n\n  Robert Drury                                                 533\n\n  Folk Lore:--Gabriel Hounds--Weather Prophecy--Origin of\n    Moles--Mistletoe                                           534\n\n  Minor Notes:--Byron's \"Siege of Corinth\"--Goldsmith's\n    \"Poetical Dictionary\"--Corrupted Names                     534\n\n  QUERIES:--\n\n  Mr. Halliwell's Annotated Shakspeare Folio                   535\n\n  Restive                                                      535\n\n  Reason and Understanding according to Coleridge, by\n    C. Mansfield Ingleby                                       535\n\n  Minor Queries:--Banning or Bayning Family--Ladies styled\n    Baronets--St. Christopher and the Doree--Custom of\n    Women wearing Masks in the Theatre--Brass of Abbot\n    Kirton; Matrices--Lines on Chaucer--The Nacar--Cilgerran\n    Castle--Use of Slings by the Early Britons--\"Squire\n    Vernon's Fox Chase\"--The Death Watch--Genealogical\n    Queries--Ben Jonson's adopted Sons--Kyrle's Tankard at\n    Balliol--Irish Language in the West Indies--\"Battle of\n    Neville's Cross\"--Sir Walter Raleigh's Ring--\"Narne; or,\n    Pearle of Prayer\"--Sir George Howard--\"Love me, love my\n    Dog\"--Mummy Wheat--A Photographic Query--\"Stunt with\n    false Care\"--Winchester College--Old Royal Irish Academy\n    House, Grafton Street--Quotations wanted--Shakspeare's\n    Seal--The long-lived Countess of Desmond                   536\n\n  MINOR QUERIES ANSWERED:--Temple Church and Lincoln's Inn\n    Chapel--Edmund Bohun--\"Nimrod\"                             539\n\n  REPLIES:--\n\n  The Three Estates of the Realm, by William Fraser            539\n\n  Burials in Woollen, by John Booker and J. B. Colman          542\n\n  Braem's MS. \"Memoires touchant le Commerce\"                  543\n\n  General Pardons, by John Gough Nichols                       544\n\n  The Dodo, by A. D. Bartlett                                  544\n\n  Whipping of Princes by Proxy                                 545\n\n  Replies to Minor Queries:--Penkenol--Johnny Crapaud--Sir\n    John Darnall--Bastides--Compositions under the\n    Protectorate--Hoax on Sir Walter Scott--Statute of\n    Limitations abroad--Lines on Crawfurd of Kilbirnie--\n    Swearing on a Skull--Rhymes on Places--The Silent\n    Woman--Serpent with a human Head--Poem on the Burning\n    of the Houses of Parliament--Large Families--Frebord--\n    Milton's (?) Epitaph--Can Bishops vacate their Sees?--\n    Sleekstone, Meaning of--Poems in the Spectator--Line on\n    Franklin--St. Christopher--Lines on Woman--Burial--\n    Portrait of Thomas Percy, Earl of Northumberland           545\n\n  MISCELLANEOUS:--\n\n  Notes on Books, &c.                                          549\n\n  Books and Odd Volumes wanted                                 550\n\n  Notices to Correspondents                                    550\n\n  Advertisements                                               551\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nNotes.\n\nAUTOBIOGRAPHY OF WILLIAM OLDYS.\n\nPrevious to receiving the appointment of Norroy King at Arms, Oldys wrote a\nshort account of his own life, which is now in my possession; and as it\ncontains some interesting particulars of his connexion with the Earl of\nOxford, in the formation of the magnificent collection of manuscripts now\nin the British Museum, I have forwarded a copy of it, which you are at\nliberty to make use of, if suited to the pages of \"N. & Q.\"\n\n    \"After my unfortunate adventures in the South Sea, my long and\n    expensive law-suits for the recovery of my right, and five years'\n    retirement to a nobleman's in the country, with whom I had been\n    intimate in my youth, I became, in less than two years after my return\n    to London, first known to the Earl of Oxford in the year 1731; when he\n    invited me to show him my collections of MSS. Historical and Political,\n    which had been the Earl of Clarendon's; my collections of Royal\n    Letters, and other Papers of State; together with a very large\n    collection of English heads in sculpture, which alone had taken me up\n    some years to collect, at the expense of at least threescore pounds.\n    All these, with the catalogues I drew up of them, at his lordship's\n    request, I parted with to him for forty pounds, and the frequent\n    intimations he gave me of a more substantial recompense hereafter,\n    which intimations induced me to continue my historical researches, as\n    what would render me most acceptable to him. Therefore I left off\n    writing in the _Universal Spectator_, in which I had then published\n    about twenty papers, and was proffered the sole supply thereof; which\n    would have returned me fifty-two guineas per annum.\n\n    \"Further, when his lordship understood that my printed books consisted\n    chiefly of personal history, he desired catalogues of them also: which\n    I drew out, and he had several large parcels of the most scarce and\n    curious amongst them, in the two years following; for which, though I\n    never received more than five guineas, not the fourth part of their\n    value, yet his friendly deportment towards me increased my attachment\n    and zeal to oblige him. This friendship he further exerted, in the\n    {530} assistance he afforded me out of his own library, and procured of\n    his friends, towards completing my _Life of Sir Walter Raleigh_; and\n    his opinion of the further encouragement I therein deserved may appear\n    in the letters he honoured me with upon that occasion. But as to money,\n    the five guineas more he gave me upon my presenting him with the\n    _Life_, and the _History of the World_ annexed to it, in 1736, was all\n    that I ever received from him in five years. In the latter end of the\n    year 1737 I published my _British Librarian_; and when his lordship\n    understood how unproportionate the advantages it produced were to the\n    time and labour bestowed upon it, he said he would find me employment\n    better worth my while. Also, when he heard that I was making interest\n    with Sir Robert Walpole, through the means of Commissioner Hill, to\n    present him with an abstract of some ancient deeds I had relating to\n    his ancestors, and which I have still, his lordship induced me to\n    decline that application, saying, though he could not do as grand\n    things as Sir Robert, he would do that which might be as agreeable to\n    me, if I would disengage myself from all other persons and pursuits. I\n    had then also had, for several years, some dependence upon a nobleman,\n    who might have served me in the government, and had, upon certain\n    motives, settled an annuity upon me of twenty pounds a year. This I\n    resigned to the said nobleman for an incompetent consideration, and\n    signed a general release to him, in May, 1738, that I might be wholly\n    independent, and absolutely at my Lord Oxford's command. I was likewise\n    then under an engagement with the undertakers of the _Supplement to\n    Bayle's Dictionary_. I refused to digest the materials I then had for\n    this work under an hundred pounds a year, till it was finished; but\n    complied to take forty shillings a sheet for what I should write, at\n    such intervals as my business would permit: for this clause I was\n    obliged to insert, in the articles then executed between them and\n    myself, in March the year aforesaid whereby I reserved myself free for\n    his lordship's service. And though I proposed, their said offer would\n    be more profitable to me than my own, yet my lord's employment of me,\n    from that time, grew so constant, that I never finished above three or\n    four lives for that work, to the time of his death. All these\n    advantages did I thus relinquish, and all other dependence, to serve\n    his lordship. And now was I employed at auctions, sales, and in writing\n    at home, in transcribing my own collections or others for his lordship,\n    till the latter part of the year 1739; for which services I received of\n    him about 150 pounds. In November the same year I first entered his\n    library of manuscripts, whereunto I came daily, sorted and methodised\n    his vast collection of letters, to be bound in many volumes; made\n    abstracts of them, and tables to each volume; besides working at home,\n    mornings and evenings, for the said library. Then, indeed, his\n    lordship, considering what beneficial prospects and possessions I had\n    given up, to serve him, and what communications I voluntarily made to\n    his library almost every day, by purchases which I never charged, and\n    presents out of whatever was most worthy of publication among my own\n    collections, of which he also chose what he pleased, whenever he came\n    to my chambers, which I have since greatly wanted, I did thenceforward\n    receive of him two hundred pounds a-year, for the short remainder of\n    his life. Notwithstanding this allowance, he would often declare in\n    company before me, and in the hearing of those now alive, that he\n    wished I had been some years sooner known to him than I was; because I\n    should have saved him many hundred pounds.\n\n    \"The sum of this case is, that for the profit of about 500l. I devoted\n    the best part of ten years' service to, and in his lordship's library;\n    impoverished my own stores to enrich the same; disabled myself in my\n    studies, and the advantages they might have produced from the publick;\n    deserted the pursuits which might have obtained me a permanent\n    accommodation and procured the prejudice and misconceit of his\n    lordship's surviving relations. But the profits I received were\n    certainly too inconsiderable to raise any envy or ill will; tho' they\n    might probably be conceived much greater than they were. No, it was\n    what his lordship made me more happy in, than his money, which has been\n    the cause of my greatest unhappiness with them; his favour, his\n    friendly reception and treatment of me; his many visits at my chambers;\n    his many invitations by letters, and otherwise, to dine with him, and\n    pass whole evenings with him; for no other end, but such intelligence\n    and communications, as might answer the inquiries wherein he wanted to\n    be satisfied, in relation to matters of literature, all for the benefit\n    of his library. Had I declined those invitations, I must, with great\n    ingratitude, have created his displeasure; and my acceptance of them\n    has displeased others. Some survivors would surely, in respect to the\n    memory of such a noble and honourable person, not totally disregard\n    what he had so distinguished; but think a man worthy of being\n    recommended to some provision, whom he, after a very deliberate\n    experience, had seen reason so decently to provide for. I look upon\n    most places of attendance at Court to be an idle, loytering, empty\n    course of life; in which a man is obliged to dress expensively, keep\n    frothy, vain, or vicious company, and to have the salary more\n    backwardly paid than in other places. Therefore I should prefer some\n    office in the Revenue, rather than to be upon the Civil List.\n\n    \"Any clerkship, that must double a man down to a desk for a set of\n    hours, morning and afternoon, he should be inured to from his youth, to\n    be {531} anything dextrous or easy in; but one, who has been the\n    greatest part of his life master of his own time and thoughts, has his\n    head pre-occupied; at least is commonly fitter for the direction than\n    the execution of business; unless it be such in which his head will\n    concur with his hand. Besides, not to mention other incongruities, how\n    would it fit a man, growing in years, to be company for a pack of young\n    clerks? or, how could he hope to be continued, of such honourable\n    persons, as should recommend him even to that situation, but might with\n    the same trouble to something more convenient for him?\n\n    \"I have been assured by persons of experience, that an handsome post is\n    not only sooner procured as having less candidates, but a man's\n    pretension is more regarded. Whereas, in business of ordinary or mean\n    account, his merits and abilities are thought proportionable, and\n    therefore his pretension or request is less regarded. Besides, places\n    that are something considerable, are generally less slavish and\n    engrossing of a man's time; which, God knows, I desire not to be better\n    employed than mine is, and may be by myself; only, a part of it more\n    profitably: and yet, the convenience of such leisure, with the credit\n    attending such a place, I should more value than the profit.\n\n    \"There is a common advice, that a man should not put in for everything,\n    because it implys too high thoughts of his own sufficiency, as if he\n    thought himself fit for everything: which is the character of an\n    arrogant and conceited coxcomb. This offering of one's self, without\n    latitude or limitation, is indeed one extreme; but the other is, to\n    nail one's self down to some one individual place, like a dainty guest,\n    that can taste but of one dish, and so wait for the vacancy; wherein he\n    is led, by his own election, first to go barefoot (perhaps to his\n    grave) in waiting for a dead man's shoes; and when he is dead, then he\n    shall probably see another wear them. So that any vacancy which will\n    accommodate the candidate with a competency suitable to his condition\n    and qualifications; or, at least, equal to what he has appeared in, and\n    decently enjoyed, cannot, 'tis presumed, be thought unreasonable.\n\n    \"Two or three hundred a year may be thought a very liberal allowance\n    from a single person; in places of the government 'tis thought no\n    burden, because the publick contributions are settled for the payment:\n    there is no new charge or salary created, and they have stood the test\n    of various changes or revolutions in the administrations. If I were to\n    be restored to a place of two hundred a year now, it would not be by\n    one fourth part of the advantage to me that it might have been five\n    years since: for I should look upon myself in conscience obliged to\n    sequester so much, even though I should live long enough to enjoy such\n    a place ten years, to re-imburse such friends as have assisted me in\n    all that time, but can no longer now. So that this one act of\n    accommodation would indeed save more persons than one from ruin.\"\n\nIf it is not already known that Oldys obtained the appointment of Norroy\nthrough the intercession of Sir Peter Thompson, to whom the above\nautobiographic sketch was addressed, I think I can confidently assert such\nwas the fact. I am collecting materials for biographical notices of the\nKing's Heralds and Pursuivants-at-Arms. Will you permit me, through the\nmedium of \"N. & Q.,\" to make known to your correspondents that I have such\na work in hand; and that I should be obliged for any unpublished\nparticulars, either relative to Oldys, or any other members of the College\nof Arms.\n\nCHARLES BRIDGER.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nON COSIN'S \"HISTORY OF POPISH TRANSUBSTANTIATION,\" EDITED BY THE REV. J. S.\nBREWER.\n\nAs every work of value, and likely to live, should be made as correct as\npossible, I beg insertion in \"N. & Q.\" of some remarks on a note in Mr.\nBrewer's very satisfactory edition of so important a volume as that of\nCosin on the papal doctrine of transubstantiation. The note occurs in p.\n130., and is as follows:--\n\n    \"++ _Index Expurg. Hispan. D. Gasp. Quirog\u00e6 Card. et Inquisit.\n    generalis in fine._\n\n    \"There is a copy of one edition of this Index in the British Museum,\n    but I cannot find the passage to which Bp. Cosin refers. The other\n    Index to which he refers is not to be found in the British Museum,\n    Bishop Tenison's library, or Sion College.\"\n\nThe disappointment of Mr. Brewer may not improbably be ascribed to the\nunfortunate fact, that in the _English_ translation of Cosin's book, which\nis given by Mr. Brewer in the forecited extract, after the word _fine_ are\nomitted the words _Lit. O._, which are found in the _Latin_ original. This\nadditional direction would have led to the passage which the editor was\ndesirous of verifying. For, in the first edition of the _Index_ referred\nto, that of 1584, the particular index at the end, under O, gives the fol.\n182, 183 (_falso 171_), where the passage is found exactly as extant in the\nLatin of Cosin. The particular _Expurgatory Index_ under view was printed\nin 1601 and 1611. In the first of the two, _that_ printed at Saumur, the\npassage is found fol. 149. _verso_. I dare say it is so in the other\nentitled _Duo Testes, &c._, but that is of no moment. Bp. Cosin does not,\nas the note expresses, refer to any \"other index.\" The British Museum is\ncomparatively scanty in this class of books, but they are all to be found\nin the Bodleian Library. {532}\n\nAt p. 163. the _Discurs [us] Modest [us] de Jesuit._ referred to, and\noccupying several pages of discussion in the \"N. & Q.\" in the early\nvolumes, is certainly the Latin version of _A Sparing Discoverie of our\nEnglish Jesuits_, 4to., Franc. 1601, pp. 70, and to be found in the\n_Catalogue of the British Museum_, under \"JESU _Societas_.\"\n\nEUPATOR.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nANCIENT GUILDHALLS IN ENGLAND.\n\nIf a history of the ancient Guildhalls of England could be compiled, it\nwould form an interesting volume; as the ancient fabrics wherein our\nforefathers met to transact their civic affairs may almost be said to have\nsymbolised the _status_ of the municipalities in which they stood at\nvarious epochs of their history. Our old English boroughs cannot boast the\npossession of halls equal to the _Hotels de Ville_ of Belgium or France, or\nthe _Rath-h\u00e4usen_ of Germany. We cannot show in this country edifices equal\nto the Hotel de Ville of Brussels, or Aix-la-Chapelle, or Rouen, in point\nof architectural extent or beauty; or of Ratisbon, or other German towns,\nin point of venerable and antique interest. But we have buildings yet\nstanding among us which, if less imposing in their exteriors, are\nnevertheless associated with historic memories of no common order, and\nsecondary in this respect to none of the grander town-halls of ancient\nFlanders.\n\nThe guildhall of Leicester cannot boast of any outside show. It is plain to\nmeanness in this respect; it is on one side a mere barn in appearance; yet\nit has its claim on the attention of the antiquary.\n\nThe first distinct mention of a guildhall in Leicester is in a small\ncharter, executed in the mayoralty of Peter Rogerson. From this it appears\nthat in 1250 William Ordriz, the son of Stephen, conveyed to the mayor and\nburgesses a building which became the guildhall. The deed is endorsed\n_Charta de la Gild Salle_. It contained three bays of buildings, was twenty\nyards in length, and about eight yards from front to back. It had solars,\ncellars, and dungeons. There was _then_ an older fabric, known as the\nguildhall, which was conveyed to a private townsman in the year 1275. The\nhall, of which the corporation became the possessors in 1250, remained in\nuse until the reign of Elizabeth, and even at intervals until the date of\nthe Commonwealth, being sometimes called the old Moot Hall, and at others\nthe \"Old Shop.\"\n\nAnterior to the Reformation two religious guilds had halls, known as St.\nGeorge's and Corpus Christi Halls. When these fraternities were dissolved,\nthe buildings remained; one near the east of St. Martin's church, the other\nnear its western extremity. The first of these fell into entire disuse and\ndecay; while the latter, Corpus Christi Hall, gradually superseded as a\ncivic edifice the old Moot Hall. I have found in the hall books of the\nborough of Leicester entries as early as the 10th of Henry VIII., in which\nthe hall of Corpus Christi Guild is referred to as the occasional place of\nmeeting of the municipal body. A deed, bearing date the 5th of Elizabeth,\nstates that the queen had conveyed the hall to Cecily Pickerell of Norwich,\nwidow, who reconveyed it to the recorder of Leicester, Braham, evidently as\nthe representative of the mayor and burgesses, not then formally\nincorporated.\n\nMeanwhile, the old hall seems to have served as a lock-up or gaol, and was\nfinally sold in 1653 to a maltster, who would undoubtedly convert the roomy\nold structure into a malt-house.\n\nThe Corpus Christi Hall would appear to have been enlarged when it was\nfairly in the hands of the civic authorities, not only in the reign of\nElizabeth (about the year 1586), but in that of Charles I. Many particulars\nabout the building will be found in the _Handbook of Leicester_.\n\nThe guildhall of Leicester is _within_ one of the most picturesque old\nstructures of the country, and is well described by your correspondent KT.\nAs you enter, its rude rafters rise directly from the ground on either\nhand, and embrace over the head of the visitor, forming pointed arches. As\nyou advance along the floor the beams widen, and the Tudor timbering and\narchitectural detail are clearly discernible; two staples still remaining\non one of the braces, which tradition says sustained the scenery of the\nplayers in the time when theatrical performers were allowed to act there,\nand when even Shakspeare figured in the histrionic group. Having reached\nthe western end you find yourself in front of the bench on which the mayor\nand magistrates sit to dispense justice, the ancient gilded frame for the\nmace (now tenantless) surmounting the chief magistrate's chair. The rich\nold mantelpiece of the mayor's parlour, and the fragments of painted glass\nin its windows, enhance and complete the antiquarian attractions of this\nrelic of Edwardian and Elizabethan architecture.\n\nJAYTEE.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nTHE SEVENTH SON OF A SEVENTH SON.\n\nAmongst the oddities which cross our path, I recollect one which, at the\ntime it occurred, caused no small surprise to the young, of which I then\nwas one. I think it must be about forty-six years ago, a man travelled\nabout Hampshire professing to cure the blind, sick, and lame; and although\nhe did not belong to the medical order, yet numerous cures were attributed\nto him, and he had quite a collection of crutches and walking-sticks, left\nby his patients, who, it was said, no longer required his {533} or their\naid. I well know that he was looked upon by the common sort of people with\nwonder, and almost awe. The notion prevalent amongst them was, that, being\nthe seventh son of a seventh son, he was endowed by nature with\nextraordinary healing powers. After a few months his fame, such as it was,\nevaporated, and I have not heard of him since, nor have I read of any\npretender acting like him since then. Can any of your readers enlighten my\ndarkness on the above, or on any other seventh of a seventh? and is there\nany account or tradition of a similar impostor in any other county of\nEngland? Also, if ancient or modern history records any such wonderful\nattributes in reference to a seventh daughter of a seventh daughter?\n\nThe above was written before I saw MR. COOPER's allusion to the subject, in\nVol. iii., p. 148. I hope to be favoured with that gentleman's further\nnotice of the seventh son of a seventh son.\n\nI should esteem it a favour if some one of your numerous and learned\nreaders would inform me if that word denoting seven, which is in such\nfrequent use in the Old and New Testaments, is susceptible of being\nrendered \"several,\" \"many,\" or some other indefinite quantity?\n\nSeven appears also to be a favourite number in modern days. I subjoin a few\nof the many instances of its popular adoption:--\n\n  Seven ages.\n  Seven Champions.\n  Seven Churches.\n  Seven days in a week.\n  Seven days' notice.\n  Seven Dials.\n  Sevenfold.\n  Seven Hills.\n  Seven months' child.\n  Seven penitential psalms.\n  Seven senses.\n  Seven-shilling piece.\n  Seven Sisters.\n  Seven Sleepers.\n  Seven Sons.\n  Seventh son of the seventh son.\n  Seven stars.\n  Seven stages of life.\n  Seven times.\n  Seven times seven years a jubilee.\n  Seven wise men.\n  A jury of seven matrons.\n  Seven wonders of the world.\n  Seven years' apprenticeship.\n  Seven years, a change.\n  Seven years' transportation.\n  Seven years' Income-tax,\n  Sevenpence in the pound yearly; and these last are two of the\n  Seven abominations.\n\nHENRY EDWARDS.\n\n35. Gifford Street, Kingsland Road.\n\n    [The number _seven_ has been a subject of particular speculation with\n    some old writers, and every department of nature, science, literature,\n    and art has been ransacked for the purpose of discovering septenary\n    combinations. In the Year 1502 there was printed at Leipsic a work\n    entitled _Heptalogium Virgilii Salzburgensis_, in honour of the number\n    seven. It consists of seven parts, each consisting of seven divisions.\n    But the most curious work on the subject of numbers is the following,\n    the contents of which, as might be expected, are quite worthy of the\n    title: _The Secrets of Numbers according to Theological, Arithmetical,\n    Geometrical, and Harmonical Computation; drawn, for the better part,\n    out of those Ancients, as well as Neoteriques. Pleasing to read,\n    profitable to understande, opening themselves to the capacities of both\n    learned and unlearned; being no other than a key to lead men to any\n    doctrinal knowledge whatsoever._ By William Ingpen, Gent. London, 1624.\n    In chap. ix. the author has given many notable opinions from learned\n    men, to prove the excellency of the number _seven_:--\"First, it neither\n    begets nor is begotten, according to the saying of Philo. Some numbers,\n    indeed, within the compass of ten, beget, but are not begotten; and\n    that is the unarie. Others are begotten, but beget not; as the\n    octonarie. Only the septenarie, having a prerogative above them all,\n    neither begetteth, nor is begotten. This is its first divinity or\n    perfection. Secondly, this is an harmonical number, and the well and\n    fountain of that fair and lovely _Digramma_, because it includeth\n    within itself all manner of harmony. Thirdly, it is a theological\n    number, consisting of perfection. (See _Cruden_.) Fourthly, because of\n    its compositure: for it is compounded of one and six; two and five;\n    three and four. Now, every one of these being excellent of themselves\n    (as hath been remonstrated), how can this number be but far more\n    excellent, consisting of them all, and participating, as it were, of\n    all their excellent virtues.\"--ED.]\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nROBERT DRURY.\n\nThe credit attachable to _Madagascar: or Robert Drury's Journal during\nfifteen Years' Captivity on that Island_, has always appeared to me a\nsubject worth a Note in your pages; but more particularly since the recent\npublication of Burton's _Narratives from the Criminal Trials of Scotland_.\n\nIn this latter work the author gives us an interesting account of the trial\nof Captain Green and his associates, in Edinburgh, for the murder of one\nCaptain Drummond (a very memorable case, as it bore upon the Union of the\nkingdoms, at the time under discussion); and in course of his inquiries Mr.\nBurton has brought forth Drury's _Journal_ to prove the existence of the\nsaid Captain Drury for many years subsequent to Green's execution for his\nmurder!\n\nIt becomes, therefore, a serious question to ascertain whether Drury was a\nreal or a fictitious character, and his book what it pretends to be, or the\nspeculation of some clever writer, envious of the fame and profit derived\nby Defoe from the publication of a similar work. I would not take the\nsubject out of such good hands as those of MR. CROSSLEY, who has evidently\nsomething to offer us thereon; but would merely observe, by way of\ninteresting your readers generally in the matter, that Drury, by the old\noctavo of 1729, now before me, did not flinch from inquiry, as he announces\nthe book for sale \"by the Author, at Old Tom's Coffee House in Birchin\nLane,\" where, he says, \"I am every day to be spoken with, and where I shall\nbe ready to gratify any Gentleman with a further Account of any Thing\nherein contained; {534} to stand the strictest Examination, or to confirm\nthose Things which to some may seem doubtful.\"\n\n\"Old Tom's\" is still a right good chop-house in the locality named; and it\nwould be interesting to know if there is any contemporaneous note existing\nof an evening with Robert Drury there. But for the misfortune of living a\ncentury and a quarter too late, I should doubtless often have found myself\nin the same box with the mysterious man, with his piles of books, and his\nmaps of Madagascar, invitingly displayed for the examination of the\ncurious, and the satisfaction of the sceptical.\n\nJ. O.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nFOLK LORE.\n\n_Gabriel Hounds._--Seeing that MR. YARRELL, the distinguished\nornithologist, is a contributor to \"N. & Q.,\" may I ask that gentleman, or\nany other correspondent, what is the species of bird whose peculiar yelping\ncry during its nocturnal migrations, has given rise to the superstition of\nthe \"Gabriel Hounds,\" so common in some rural districts?\n\nD.\n\n_Weather Prophecy._--Can any of your correspondents inform me as to the\ntruth or falsehood of a proverb I have heard, namely, that the dryness or\nwetness of a summer may be prognosticated by observing whether the oak or\nthe ash tree comes first into leaf? I cannot recollect which denoted which;\nbut I should much like to know whether there is such a proverb, and whether\nthere is any truth in it.\n\nG. E. G.\n\nOxford.\n\n_Origin of Moles._--Meeting with an octogenarian molecatcher a few weeks\nsince, in the neighbourhood of Bridgwater, the old man volunteered the\nfollowing account of the origin of moles, or _wants_ as they are sometimes\ncalled in Somerset. \"It was a proud woman, sir, too proud to live on the\nface of the earth, and so God turned her into a mole, and made her live\n_under_ the earth; and that was the _first mole_.\" My informant was\nevidently much confirmed in his belief, by the fact of \"moles having (as he\nsaid) hands and feet like Christians.\"\n\nW. A. J.\n\n_Mistletoe._--The mistletoe grows upon the _poplar tree_, near the railway\nstation at Taunton, and likewise at White-Lackington near Ilminster. I have\nnot seen any upon the oak.\n\nW. A. J.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nMinor Notes.\n\n_Byron's \"Siege of Corinth.\"_--In the late Dr. Moir's _Lectures on the\nPoetical Literature of the last Half Century_, in commenting on Byron's\n_Siege of Corinth_ he mentions \"the glorious moonlight scene in which\nFrancesca and Alp part for the last time, _the one to die of a broken\nheart_, the other to perish in his apostasy.\" From this he evidently\nconsiders that in this celebrated scene it is the still living form of\nFrancesca that visits her lover; but though Lord Byron has, according to\nhis frequent practice, left this unexplained, the whole passage seems to me\nto show that his intention was, that the visit should be considered as a\nsupernatural one. Space will not allow of my bringing forward the proofs of\nthis, but it can be easily verified by any one who reads the passage in\nquestion attentively. A singular mistake occurs in p. 8. of the work above\nquoted. Could any one have supposed that a poet, and a writer on poetical\nliterature, should be ignorant of the best known poetical name of the last\ncentury? Yet Mr. Moir talks of \"_William_\" Pope. He might as well have\ntalked of \"_Alexander_\" Shakspeare.\n\nJ. S. WARDEN.\n\n_Goldsmith's \"Poetical Dictionary.\"_--It has not been noticed by any of\nGoldsmith's biographers that, in addition to _The Art of Poetry_, in 2\nvols. 12mo., 1762, published by Newbery, and _The Beauties of the English\nPoets_, in 2 vols. 12mo., 1767, published by Griffin, he also edited for\nNewbery an useful work entitled _A Poetical Dictionary, or the Beauties of\nthe English Poets alphabetically displayed_, in 4 vols., 1761, 12mo. The\nPreface is evidently written by Goldsmith, and with his usual elegance and\nspirit, and the selection which follows is one of the best which has ever\nyet been made. It certainly deserves more notice than it seems hitherto to\nhave received; and were it only that it contains Goldsmith's favourite\npassages, and may possibly have been a preparation and incentive to the\ncomposition of the _Traveller_ and the _Deserted Village_, it ought not to\nbe forgotten in the list of his compilations. In examining it I have\nfrequently been struck by the appearance of lines and passages, and\nsometimes epithets, which were evidently in Goldsmith's mind when he wrote\nhis two beautiful poems. Some, but not all, have been quoted as parallel\npassages by his editors.\n\nJAMES CROSSLEY.\n\n_Corrupted Names._--In Vol. i., pp. 215. and 299., are some notes on the\nordinary corruptions of Christian names. One came once in my way which, as\nthe name corrupted is not by any means an ordinary one, may not have\noccurred to many of your readers. I was called on to baptize a child by the\nname _Nucky_: fortunately it is my practice to ascertain the sponsor's\nintention in the vestry, before proceeding to the font; and I was able,\nwith much difficulty, to make out that the name meant was _Ursula_, of\nwhich _Nucky_ was their ordinary corruption. Passing from names of\n_persons_ to those of _places_, I would add two corruptions to those named\nin your current volume: Wiveliscombe, pronounced Willscombe; {535}\nMinehead, Minyard--both in Somerset; and Kenilworth, sometimes called\nKillingworth, in Warwickshire.\n\nBALLIOLENSIS.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nQueries.\n\nMR. HALLIWELL'S ANNOTATED SHAKSPEARE FOLIO.\n\n    \"This volume contains several hundred very curious and important\n    corrections, amongst which I may mention an entirely new reading of the\n    difficult passage at the commencement of _Measure for Measure_, which\n    carries conviction with it; and shows, what might have been reasonably\n    expected, that _that to_ is a misprint for _a verb_.\"--MR. HALLIWELL in\n    _Notes & Queries_, p. 485.\n\nIn common, doubtless, with many other of your readers, I am curious to know\nwhat this _verb_ can be, which, while _carrying conviction with it_, is yet\nso mysteriously withheld from publication.\n\nIn a small pamphlet, published a month or two since by MR. HALLIWELL, in\nopposition to _Mr. Collier's_ folio, he lays down at p. 7. \"a canon in\nphilology;\" from which he deduces the following as one of the\n\"_circumstances under which no manuscript emendation of so late a date as\n1632 will be admissible_.\"\n\n    \"It will not be admissible in any case where good sense can be\n    satisfactorily made of the passage as it stands in the original, even\n    although the correction may appear to give greater force or harmony to\n    the passage.\"\n\nNow, in the case referred to from _Measure for Measure_, I had previously\n(\"N. & Q.\" Vol. v., p. 410.) shown to MR. HALLIWELL that \"_good sense can\nbe satisfactorily made of the passage as it stands in the original_;\" and\ntherefore I feel the greater curiosity to know what _this verb_ can be\nwhich carries conviction to him _even in the face of his own canon_?\n\nA. E. B.\n\nLeeds.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nRESTIVE.\n\nCan the editor, or any of the readers of \"N. & Q.\" account for the very\nprevalent misuse of the word _restive_ or _restiff_? Of course, everybody\nknows that the affix _ive_ or _iff_ does not imply \"privation,\" but the\nopposite; and that therefore _restive_ means--as we find it defined in our\ndictionaries--\"unwilling to stir,\" \"inclined or determined to rest,\" &c.;\nbut yet the most common use of the word now would require it to mean\n\"unwilling to rest,\" \"rest_less_,\" \"unquiet,\" &c. As the word is most\nfrequently employed in newspaper paragraphs, in describing accidents\narising from the _restiveness_, or much more frequently _restlessness_, of\nhorses, we can easily account for the misuse of the word in such cases: as\nthe free use of the whip, which is sure to follow the restiveness of a\nhorse or ass, is almost as surely followed by a sudden restlessness, at\nleast when the nobler animal is under chastisement; what ends in\nrestlessness and running away has thus got confounded with what it only has\nbecome, in some cases; while in others nothing is more common than to find\nthe sudden shying and starting off of a horse, which has been anything but\n_restive_, described as such by some forgetfulness of the meaning of the\nword. Were the misuse of the word confined to such cases, however, it might\nnot be worthy of notice in \"N. & Q.\", but I think it will be found to\nextend further: for instance, in _The Eclipse of Faith_ (recently\npublished), although evidently written by a scholar, and one who weighs the\nmeaning of words, I find the following passage:\n\n    \"'But,' said Fellowes, rather warmly, for he felt rather _restive_ at\n    this part of Harrington's discourse,\" &c.\n\nHere the word is evidently employed (instead of _restless_[1]) figuratively\nfor _impatient_; although I am not aware that a \"bumptious\" person might\ndefend the word actually used, in the sense that the listener _refused to\ngo along further_ with the speaker. Still I think _restlessness_ was the\nidea intended to be conveyed in the above passage, and that \"impatient\"\nwould have been the better word, considering that it follows \"he _felt_.\"\n\nJ. R.\n\nBrompton.\n\n[Footnote 1: Or instead of \"fidgetty,\" as one would likely have expressed\nit in familiar conversation.]\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nREASON AND UNDERSTANDING ACCORDING TO COLERIDGE.\n\nThere is a remarkable discrepancy in the statements of Coleridge respecting\nreason and understanding.\n\n(1.) _Friend_, vol. i. pp. 207-8. (Pickering.)--\n\n    \"That many animals possess a share of understanding perfectly\n    distinguishable from mere instinct we all allow. Few persons have a\n    favourite dog, without making instances of its intelligence an\n    occasional topic of conversation. They call for our admiration of the\n    individual animal, and not with exclusive reference to the wisdom in\n    nature, as in the case of [Greek: storg\u00ea], or maternal instinct: or of\n    the hexangular cells of the bees.... We hear little or nothing of the\n    instincts of the 'half-reasoning elephant,' and as little of the\n    understanding of caterpillars and butterflies.\"\n\n_Aids to Reflection_, vol. i. pp 171-3. (Pickering.) Here, after quoting\ntwo instances from H\u00fcber about bees and ants, he says,--\n\n    \"Now I assert that the faculty in the acts here narrated does not\n    differ _in kind_ from understanding.\"\n\nDoes Coleridge mean to tell us that bees and ants have the same faculty\n(understanding) as dogs and elephants?\n\n{536}\n\n(2.) _Friend_, vol. i. pp. 216-7.--\n\n    \"For a moment's steady self-reflection will show us that, in the simple\n    determination 'black is not white,' or 'that two straight lines cannot\n    include a space,' all the powers are implied that distinguish man from\n    animals; first, the power of reflection; second, of comparison; third,\n    and therefore suspension of the mind; fourth, therefore of a\n    controlling will, and the power of acting from notions, instead of mere\n    images exciting appetites; from motives, and not from mere dark\n    instinct.\"\n\nAnd after relating a story about a dog who appeared to have employed the\ndisjunctive syllogism (in relation to which see Cottle's _Reminiscences_,\nvol. i. pp. 48-9.), Coleridge remarks,--\n\n    \"So awful and almost miraculous does the simple act of concluding 'take\n    three from four, and there remains one,' appear to us, when attributed\n    to one of the most sagacious of all brute animals.\"\n\n_Aids to Reflection_, vol. i. p. 175.--\n\n    \"Understanding is the faculty of reflection, reason of contemplation.\"\n    And p. 176.--\"The understanding, then, considered exclusively as an\n    organ of human intelligence, is the faculty by which we reflect and\n    generalise.... The whole process [of the understanding] may be reduced\n    to three acts, all depending on, and supposing a previous impression\n    on, the senses: first, the appropriation of our attention; second (and\n    in order to the continuance of the first), abstraction, or the\n    voluntary withholding of the attention; and, third, generalisation; and\n    these are the proper functions of the understanding.\"\n\n_Aids to Reflection_, vol. i. p. 182. _note_.--\n\n    \"So far, and no further, could the understanding carry us; and so far\n    as this, 'the faculty judging according to sense' conducts many of the\n    inferior animals, if not in the same, yet in instances analogous and\n    fully equivalent.\"\n\nDoes Coleridge, then, mean us to understand him as saying, that many of the\nbrutes can reflect, abstract, and generalise?\n\n(3.) _Friend_, vol. i. p. 259.--\n\n    \"Reason! best and holiest gift of God, and bond of union with the\n    Giver; the high title by which the majesty of man claims precedence\n    above all other living creatures--mysterious faculty, the mother of\n    conscience, of language....\"\n\n_Aids to Reflection_, vol. i. pp. 176-182.--Coleridge here gives his\nreasons for considering language a property of the understanding; and, in\np. 195., adds,--\n\n    \"It is, however, by no means equally clear to me that the dog may not\n    possess an _analogon_ of words which I have elsewhere shown to be the\n    proper objects of the 'faculty judging according to sense.'\"\n\nDoes Coleridge mean that the inferior animals may have language?\n\nWho, of your many able correspondents, will assist me in unravelling this\ncomplicated tissue?\n\nC. MANSFIELD INGLEBY.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nMinor Queries.\n\n_Banning or Bayning Family._--I am desirous of knowing if there was a\nfamily of the name of _Banning_ or _Bayning_ seated in Ireland at the close\nof the sixteenth century; and whether there was any other branch in England\nexcepting that in Essex.\n\nK.\n\n_Ladies styled Baronets._--An ancestor of mine, Sir Anthony Chester, Bart.,\nof Chichley Hall, Bucks, in his will, dated Nov. 26, 1635, and proved in\nthe Prerogative Court of Canterbury, Dec. 9, 1635 [128 Sadler], desires \"to\nbe buried in the north part of Chichley Church, in the same vault with Dame\nElizabeth Chester, Baronet, his first wife.\" Are there any other instances\nof ladies of the same rank being styled Baronet about this time? I may\nmention that this Lady Chester was daughter to Sir Henry Boteler, of\nHatfield Woodhall, Herts, and sister to John Lord Boteler, of Bramfeld.\n\nTEWARS.\n\n_St. Christopher and the Doree._--Brand, in his _Popular Antiquities_, vol.\niii. p. 194., says that the fish called the Doree is traditionally said to\nhave derived the spots on its sides frown the fact of St. Christopher, in\nwading through the arm of the sea, having caught a fish of this description\n_en passant_, and having left as an eternal memorial of the fact an\nimpression on its sides to be transmitted to all posterity.\n\nCan any of your readers inform me from what source Brand derived this idea?\n\nE. A. H. L.\n\n_Custom of Women wearing Masks in the Theatre._--When did this custom\noriginate? It was not common before the civil wars, nor in fashion till\nsome time after the Restoration. Masked ladies are often mentioned in the\nprologues and epilogues to the plays of Dryden, Lee, Otway, &c. The custom\nprobably originated in France. A dispute which ended in a duel (concerning\na Mrs. Fawkes) caused the entire prohibition of women's wearing masks in\nthe playhouse. This was about the 5th of Queen Anne.\n\nEDWARD F. RIMBAULT.\n\n_Brass of Abbot Kirton; Matrices._--When was the brass of Abbot Kirton, in\nWestminster Abbey, removed? Have there been any brasses taken away (of\nwhich the _matrices_ have been also removed); and if so, in whose\npossession are they at the present time?\n\nUNICORN.\n\n_Lines on Chaucer._--\n\n \"Swan-like, in dying\n  Famous old Chaucer\n  Sang his last song.\"\n\nWho is the author of the above lines?\n\nELIZA.\n\n_The Nacar._--What species of shell-fish is the _Nacar_, said to be found\nin some of the islands of the Mediterranean, and off the east coast of\n{537} Spain. Is it not the same fish from which what is called\nmother-of-pearl is taken? Has not some part of it, the beard or otherwise,\nbeen spun and wove? Is the _Nacar_ the true name, or only local; and, if\nso, what is the scientific appellation?\n\nCYRUS REDDING.\n\n_Cilgerran Castle._--I shall be much obliged to any correspondent of \"N. &\nQ.\" who will direct me to any charters or other early records relating to\nthis castle of Kilgarran, or Cilgerran, which is situated near Cardigan.\n\nLLEWELLYN.\n\n_Use of Slings by the Early Britons._--In the course of the very\ninteresting operations at present in progress on Weston Hill, there have\nbeen frequently found in the hut-pits small accumulations of shore-pebbles,\nof the size most convenient for slings, for which it is supposed they were\nintended. Any information on this topic will be received with many thanks.\nIt is worth noting that to this day the boys of the obscure village of\nPriddy, on the Mendips, are notorious for the skill with which they can hit\na bird on the wing with a stone thrown by the hand.\n\nHENRY G. TOMKINS.\n\nWeston super Mare.\n\n\"_Squire Vernon's Fox Chase._\"--Can any of your correspondents refer me to\na copy of the ballad called \"Squire Vernon's Fox Chase?\" I am anxious to\nmeet with an original copy, and also to know if it has been reprinted in\nany modern collection.\n\nR. S.\n\n_The Death Watch._--Has there appeared in any of your former Numbers a Note\nupon the popular, but now exploded \"death watch?\" In earlier life, an\ninstance of it occurred in my presence, which did at the time, and does\neven now, \"puzzle the sense.\" The noise (like the ticking of a watch) was\nso painfully distinct, that I endeavoured twice to discover the source of\nit, but in vain. I made a note of it at the time, but the narrative\n(although perfectly correct) reads so much like the speculation of a sick\nbrain, that I hesitate to send it. If you would put this Query (however\nbriefly), I should much like to see it discussed in your interesting pages.\n\nM. W. B.\n\n_Genealogical Queries._--I beg to trouble you with the following Queries:--\n\nOn what day of the year 1690 did Elizabeth Bayning, created Countess of\nSheppy for life, die? and where was she buried?\n\nWhere was buried Anne Palmer, alias Fitzroy, Countess of Sussex? She died\n16th May, 1722. The Earl was buried at Chevening.\n\nWas Sir John Mason, who died Treasurer of the Chamber, &c., 21st April,\n1566, Chancellor of _the Duchy of Lancaster_? He is so designated in one of\nthe Harl. MSS. He was twice Chancellor of _Oxford_.\n\nG. STEINMAN STEINMAN.\n\n_Ben Jonson's adopted Sons._--They are said to be twelve in number.\nAlexander Brome was one; Bishop Morley another. Can any of your\ncorrespondents give the names of the other ten? By doing so, it will oblige\nan\n\nINQUIRER.\n\n_Kyrle's Tankard at Balliol._--A very beautiful silver tankard, bearing the\nfollowing inscription, with the arms of the donor engraved in the centre of\nthe body of the cup; the first two words above, the others beneath the\narms, was presented to Balliol College, Oxford, by that celebrated and\nexcellent man, John Kyrle, Esq., better known by his world-wide\nappellation, \"The Man of Ross.\" It will be perceived from the inscription\nthat he was a gentleman commoner of that society:\n\n                  \"Poculum Charitatis.\n  Ex dono Johannis Kyrle, de Rosse, in agro Herefordiens, et\n             hujus Collegii Socio Commensalis.\"\n\nIt weighed upwards of five pounds, and the cover was lifted up by his\ncrest, a hedgehog. It is said to have been always produced at table when a\nnative of Herefordshire favoured the society with his company. Can any of\nyour correspondents favour me with the following particulars:--Is the\ntankard still in existence, and has it been ever engraved? If so, in what\nwork? Is there any record in the college books to show in what year, and\nupon what occasion, it was presented?\n\nJ. B. WHITBORNE.\n\n_Irish Language in the West Indies._--The atrocities which Oliver Cromwell\ncommitted in Ireland are fresh in the memory of the poorest Irishman, and\nhis memory held in the deepest execration: every ruined fortress that we\npass is ascribed to the great castle-killer, and the peasant's bitterest\nmalediction is, \"_Mallachd Crumwell ort_\" (The curse of Cromwell on you).\n\nThe particular atrocity of Oliver's that we have to do with at present is\nthus stated by Dodd, vol. iii. p. 58.:\n\n    \"At Drogheda all were put to the sword together with the inhabitants,\n    women and children, only about thirty persons escaping, who, with\n    several hundreds of the Irish nation, were shipped off to serve as\n    slaves in the island of Barbadoes, as I have frequently heard the\n    account from Captain Edw. Molyneux, one of that number, who died at St.\n    Germains, whither he followed the unfortunate King James II.\"\n\nThe following note occurs in a paper on the Irish language, read by Mr.\nScurry before the Royal Irish Academy, Oct. 1826:\n\n    \"It is now ascertained that the Irish language is spoken in the\n    interior of many of the West India islands, in some of which it may be\n    said to be almost vernacular. This curious fact is satisfactorily\n    explained by documents in the possession of my respected friend James\n    Hardiman, Esq., author of the _History of Galway_. After the reduction\n    of Ireland by Cromwell and his {538} myrmidons, the thousands who were\n    'shipped to the Caribbees,' so these islands were then called, 'and\n    sold as slaves,' carried with them their language. _That_ they\n    preserved, and there it remains to this day.\"\n\nWill some of your correspondents acquainted with the West Indies inform me\nif the Irish language be still spoken there, or if it be degenerated and\nmerged into the _talkee-talkee_, or negro jargon?\n\nEIRIONNACH.\n\n\"_Battle of Neville's Cross._\"--Can any of your correspondents inform me\nthe name of the author of the \"Battle of Neville's Cross,\" a prize poem,\npublished about thirty or forty years ago?\n\nG.\n\n_Sir Walter Raleigh's Ring._--Can any of your correspondents inform me what\nhas become of the ring Sir Walter Raleigh wore at his execution, and in\nwhose possession it now is, as I have reason to believe it is still in\nexistence as a heir-loom?\n\nBOSQUECILLO.\n\n\"_Narne; or, Pearle of Prayer._\"--I should feel obliged to any of your\ncorrespondents if they could give me any information of the following work,\nwhich I am unable myself to trace in any catalogue or bibliographical\nwork:--\n\n    \"Narne (by William P. of Dysart), Pearle of Prayer most Pretious and\n    Powerful, &c. 18mo. Dedicated to Charles First (dated from Dysart the\n    28th May, 1630), and afterward to the Right Virtuous and Worshipfull\n    Patrons of this famous Citie of Edinburgh, David Aikenhead most Worthie\n    Lord Provost, &c., and to the whole Counsell, &c., of Edinburgh, &c.\n    (dated from Dysart the last of May, 1630), 456 pp. (Concluding with a\n    part of a page of 'Faults escaped' on the recto of last leaf.)\n    Edinburgh, printed by John Wreittoun, 1630.\"\n\nJ. B. RONDEAU.\n\n_Sir George Howard._--Sir N. W. Wraxall (_Historical Memoirs_, vol. iv. p.\n614.) says of Field-Marshal Sir George Howard--\n\n    \"His legitimate descent from, or alliance by consanguinity with, the\n    Dukes of Norfolk, notwithstanding the apparent evidence of his name,\n    was I believe not established on incontestable grounds.\"\n\nNow it is well known that the Effingham branch of the house of Howard, to\nwhich Sir George Howard is reputed to belong, is a genuine one: so Wraxall\nmust be understood as casting a slight on the legitimacy of Sir George. Are\nthere traces of any scandals confirming this suspicion?\n\nTEWARS.\n\n\"_Love me, love my Dog._\"--Whence comes this proverb? It is quoted by St.\nBernard: \"Dicitur certe vulgari quodam proverbio: Qui me amat, amat et\ncanem meum.\"--_In Festo S. Michaelis, Sermo Primus_, sect. iii. p. 1026.\nvol. i. Parisiis, 1719, fol.\n\nRT.\n\nWarmington.\n\n_Mummy Wheat._--In January, 1843, a near relative of mine, related by\nmarriage to Mr. Martin Tupper, gave my father some grains of wheat, which\nhe had the authority of Sir G. Wilkinson, direct or indirect, to believe to\nhave been taken out of a mummy case, and to be in fact ancient Egyptian\nwheat, perhaps a couple of thousand years old at least. These were planted\nin a flower-pot, took root, grew, and had attained the height of many\ninches, when a cow got into the place where the pot was and ate the plants\ndown. From the roots sprouted again a second crop of stems and leaves, and\na similar catastrophe befell the second growth, frustrating the hopes of\nseveral anxious young amateur agriculturists, so that we never saw more\nthan the leaves of this crop. In making the inquiries necessary to certify\nmyself that these facts are true, I met with a lady who had seen a small\nquantity of wheat plants, the produce alleged of mummy wheat, and who spoke\nof it as a beautiful looking plant, with several stems from each root, and\nseveral ears on each stem. I could not ascertain whether this was the fruit\nof mummy wheat in the first or in the second generation. There was no\nquestion that it was sprung from grains taken out of a mummy. I believe\nthat in the case of which I speak as having occurred within the range of my\nown acquaintance, the wheat was some of the same that Mr. M. F. Tupper\npossessed.\n\nPEREZ.\n\n_A Photographic Query._--Is it probable that the number of stones and\nmarbles which, without the aid of art, represent human and other figures,\nmay have been natural photographs from the reflection of objects in a\nstrong glare of sunlight? Some of those mentioned by D'Israeli in the\n_Curiosities of Literature_ are so singular, that if this interpretation be\nnot admitted, we must suspect them to be factitious. One particular example\nwill serve as an illustration:\n\n    \"Pancirollus, in his _Lost Antiquities_, attests that in a church at\n    Rome, a marble perfectly represented a priest celebrating mass and\n    raising the host. Paul III. conceiving that art had been used, scraped\n    the marble to discover whether any painting had been employed: but\n    nothing of the kind was discovered.\"\n\nIts classification amongst _Lost Antiquities_ seems to imply that the\noperation destroyed it, which proves that the figures were only on the\nsurface; an argument in favour of its being a natural photograph. Any\npowerful die would have penetrated the pores of the stone for some\nconsiderable distance.\n\nR. F. LITTLEDALE.\n\nDublin.\n\n\"_Stunt with false care._\"--Where are the following lines, quoted by\nCharles Villiers in one of his corn-law speeches, to be found?\n\n \"Stunt with false care what else would flourish wild,\n  And rock the cradle till they bruise the child.\"\n\nJ. N. O.\n\n{539}\n\n_Winchester College._--Who wrote the account of Winchester College in\nAckermann's _History of the Public Schools_?\n\nMACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A.\n\n_Old Royal Irish Academy House, Grafton Street._--This interesting building\nis now some two months abandoned, and bills on the windows announcing it\n\"to be let, or the interest in the lease to be sold,\" I wish to ask through\n\"N. & Q.\" if any person intends to make a drawing or other memoranda of the\nhouse, ere it undergoes a thorough alteration, as it certainly will, if\ntaken for commercial purposes. I am not aware of any sketch of the house,\nexcept one in the fourth volume of the _Dublin Penny Journal_, p. 129.; but\nI do not think that this, or its accompanying description, are well suited\nto the character of the institution.\n\nR. H.\n\nDublin.\n\n_Quotations wanted._--\n\n \"Chords that vibrate sweetest pleasures\n    Thrill the deepest notes of woe.\"\n\n \"Like a fair lily on a river floating,\n  She floats upon the river of his thoughts.\"\n\nCAPTAIN CUTTLE.\n\n_Shakspeare's Seal._--Some years ago, when in Warwickshire, a wax\nimpression of a seal was given to me by a gentleman as that of William\nShakspeare. The gentleman had no means of verifying its authenticity,\nbeyond the bare but positive assurances of the person from whom he had\nreceived it, an inhabitant of Stratford.\n\nThe appearance of the seal is not against the hypothesis of its\ngenuineness. It is circular: the device is the well-known ornament called\nthe _True Lover's Knot_, cut somewhat rudely in intaglio, apparently in\nsteel; a favourite ornament in Tudor architecture from the time of Anne\nBoleyn downwards.\n\nCan any of the readers of \"N. & Q.\" encourage me to believe in the\ngenuineness of this relic?\n\nSYDNEY SMIRKE.\n\n_The long-lived Countess of Desmond._--An acknowledgment is due to THE\nKNIGHT OF KERRY for his recent interesting communication respecting the\nportraits of this remarkable old lady: and, at the same time, the KNIGHT\nmay be requested to cause the portrait in the possession of Mr. Herbert,\nM.P., to be inspected; for it is respectfully suggested that the date on\nthat picture is 1604, and not 1614.\n\nThis first date will correspond more closely with the age usually ascribed\nto the aged Countess.\n\nIt is said that an engraving of the portrait in THE KNIGHT OF KERRY's\npossession stated that she was \"born in 1464.\" Can any of your\ncorrespondents refer to this engraving, and say whether there is such an\ninscription on it, and if any authority is given for that date?\n\nH. F. H.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nMinor Queries Answered.\n\n_Temple Church and Lincoln's Inn Chapel._--Why is it, and whence results\nthe practice of putting ladies on one side of the church and chapel, or in\na separate place by themselves, in these societies? Are the lawyers so\nattractive that the devotions of the fair sex would be interrupted?\n\nL. I.\n\n    [The lawyers no doubt are lovers of hoar antiquity and primitive\n    customs. \"Let the doorkeepers attend upon the entrance of the men; and\n    the deaconesses upon the entrance of the women.\" (_Apost. Const._, lib.\n    ii. can. lvii.; see also lib. vii. can. xxvi.) In the First Book of\n    King Edward, A.D. 1549, the following rubric occurs: \"As many as shall\n    be partakers of the Holy Communion shall tarry still in the quire; the\n    men on the one side, and the women on the other side.\"--See Wheatly on\n    the _Common Prayer_, chap. vi. sect. 13.]\n\n_Edmund Bohun._--In Bright's Catalogue appears, \"No. 2939. _Historical\nCollections_, 1675-1692. 8 vols. folio; formed by Edmund Bohun.\" Has this\ncollection been dispersed? or where is it now? Bohun refers to it\nrepeatedly in his private diary, which I am printing.\n\nS. W. RIX.\n\nBeccles.\n\n    [From the article \"Bohun\" in Rose's _Biographical Dictionary_ it\n    appears that these _Historical Collections_ have been used in the\n    following work: \"_The great Historical, Geographical, and Poetical\n    Dictionary_, Lond. 1694, folio, wherein are inserted the last Five\n    Years' Historical and Geographical Collections, which the said Edm.\n    Bohun, Esq., designed for his own Geographical Dictionary, and never\n    extant till in this work.\"]\n\n\"_Nimrod._\"--Will some of your correspondents be good enough to tell me who\nis the author of a very remarkable book entitled _Nimrod: a Discourse upon\ncertain Passages of History and Fable_, London: Priestley, 1828, 4 vols.;\nand can any one inform me for what purpose or with what intention the book\nwas written? I believe it was suppressed soon after its publication. I have\nonly met with two other copies, besides my own.\n\nH. G.\n\n    [We believe that this work, for some reason or other, was suppressed,\n    but not till after about one hundred copies had been circulated. It is\n    attributed to the Hon. Algernon Herbert, author of _Cyclops\n    Christianus; Antiquity of Stonehenge_.]\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nReplies.\n\nTHE THREE ESTATES OF THE REALM.\n\n(Vol. iv., pp. 115. 196. 278.; Vol. v., p. 129.)\n\nThe quotations I have produced on the question, Which are _the Three\nEstates of the Realm_? appear {540} to CANON. EBOR. \"quite to support his\nown positions.\" I must therefore again ask leave to defend the view which I\nadvanced in Vol. iv., p. 115., and will endeavour, whether it be a right or\nwrong one, to express my arguments in support of it so definitely and\ndistinctly as not again to leave room for any misapprehension of them. To\nadopt CANON. EBOR.'s threefold division:--\n\n1. _The Three Estates of the Realm are the Nobility, the Clergy in\nConvocation, and the Commons._ In this order they are ranked in the collect\nI quoted, and in which they are described as \"assembled in parliament;\" i.\ne. _en plein parlement_. The following extract plainly bears out my view:\n\n    \"And that this doctrine (viz. that the Clergy are an _extrinsic part_\n    of Parliament, or an _Estate of the Realm_) was still good, and the\n    language much the same, as low as the Restoration of Charles II., the\n    _Office_ then anew set out for the 5th of November shews, where mention\n    is made of 'the Nobility, Clergy, and Commons of this realm, then\n    assembled in Parliament:' for to say that by 'the Clergy of this\n    realm,' my Lords the Bishops only are intended, were so absurd a gloss,\n    that even Dr. Wake's pen would, I believe, be ashamed of it. And if\n    they were then rightly said to be 'assembled in Parliament,' they may\n    as rightly be said to be so assembled still: and if 'assembled in\n    Parliament,' why not 'a member of Parliament?' to those intents and\n    purposes, I mean, for which they are assembled in it.\"--Atterbury's\n    _Rights, Powers, and Privileges of Convocation_, 2nd edit., p. 305.\n\nThe same order is observed in Sir Edward Coke's speech on Garnet's trial:--\n\n    \"For the persons offended, they were these:--the King ... the Queen ...\n    the noble Prince; ... then the whole royal issue. The Council, _the\n    Nobility_, _the Clergy_; nay, our whole religion itself,\" &c.\n\nAnd if CANON. EBOR. wishes for a more decisive authority on the matter, he\nwill find it in _An Act for granting Royal Aid unto the King's Majesty_,\npassed in 1664.\n\n2. _The Convocations of the Clergy_ ARE _a part of the Parliament._ This\nfact, and its importance, has been generally overlooked or disregarded by\nwriters on Convocation. They have almost uniformly, while endeavouring to\nsubstantiate its synodical authority and purely ecclesiastical influence,\nomitted to point out its position as a part of our parliamentary\nconstitution: the result has been a degree of vagueness and uncertainty on\nthe subject.\n\nThe clearest and most distinct way of demonstrating this proposition, that\nthe Convocation is a part of Parliament, will be, after noting that in our\nearly historians _Convocatio_ and _Parliamentum_ are synonymous, first, to\nbring forward evidences that it was often regarded as being so somewhat\nlate in our history, that is, just before its sessions were suppressed;\nand, in the next place, to produce facts, documents, and extracts which\ndisplay this parliamentary character in the earlier stages of its\nexistence. To begin, then, with Burnet, whose statements must be taken with\nallowance, as those of a hot anti-convocational partisan, as he had indeed\ngood reasons for being:--\n\n    \"When the Bill (Act of Comprehension) was sent down to the House of\n    Commons, it was let lie on the table; and, instead of proceeding in it,\n    they made an address to the King for summoning a Convocation of the\n    Clergy, _to attend, according to custom, on the session of Parliament_.\n    The party against the Government ... were much offended with the Bill\n    of Comprehension, as containing matters relating to the Church, _in\n    which the representative body of the clergy had not been so much as\n    advised with_.\"--Burnet's _History of his own Times_, book v.\n\nIn his account of the Convocation of 1701, the facts which he details are\nimportant. After saying that \"the clergy fancied they had _a right to be a\npart of the Parliament_,\" he continues:--\n\n    \"The things the Convocation pretended to were, first, that they had a\n    right to sit whenever the Parliament sate; so that they could not be\n    prorogued, but when the two Houses were prorogued. Next they advanced\n    that they had no need of a licence to enter upon debates and to prepare\n    matters, though it was confessed that the practice for a hundred years\n    was against them; but they thought the Convocation lay under no further\n    restraint than that the Parliament was under; and as they could pass no\n    Act without the Royal assent, so they confessed that they could not\n    enact or publish a Canon without the King's licence. _Antiently the\n    Clergy granted their own subsidies apart_, but, ever since the\n    Reformation, the grant of the Convocation was not thought good till it\n    was ratified in Parliament.... _In the writ that the bishops had,\n    summoning them to Parliament, the clause, known by the first word of\n    it,_ 'Pr\u00e6munientes,' _was still continued. At first, by virtue of it,\n    the inferior clergy were required to come to Parliament, and to consent\n    to the aids there given_: but after the archbishops had the provincial\n    writ for a Convocation of the province, the other was no more executed,\n    _though it was still kept in the writ_, and there did not appear the\n    least shadow of any use that had been made of it, for some hundreds of\n    years; _yet now some bishops were prevailed on to execute this writ,\n    and to summon the clergy by virtue of it_.\"--Book vi.\n\nWith this last extract from Burnet, let the following from Lathbury be\ncompared:--\n\n    \"This clause, it appears, was inserted in the bishops' writ in the\n    twenty-third year of Edward I. When assembled by this writ, the Clergy\n    constituted a State Convocation, not the Provincial Synod. When the\n    clause was inserted, there was a danger of invasion from France; and it\n    is clear that the Clergy were not assembled by this clause as an\n    Ecclesiastical Council, but to assist the King in his necessities. This\n    is evident from the words '_hujus modi periculis et excogitatis\n    malitiis obviandum_.' The clause was, however, continued in the writ\n    after the cause for its insertion had ceased to exist: _but whenever\n    they were summoned by virtue of this writ, they constituted a part of\n    the {541} Parliament_. The clause, with a slight variation, _is still\n    retained_ in the writ by which the bishops are summoned to\n    Parliament.\"--Lathbury's _History of the Convocation of the Church of\n    England_, p. 121.\n\nIt will be obvious, then, and plain to the reader of the above passage,\nthat when the clergy were summoned by this clause _Pr\u00e6munientes_, in the\nwrit directed to the archbishops, they were summoned _to be a part of\nParliament_; but the King's writ was that which made Convocation what it\nwas--which made it a legal, constitutional, parliamentary assembly, with\ndefinite power and authority--instead of a simple synodical meeting of the\nclergy, whose influence would be solely moral or ecclesiastical.\nConvocation, from the time of Edward I., that is, from its first beginning,\nhas been a part of parliament, being \"an assembly of ecclesiastics for\ncivil purposes, called to parliament by the King's writ\" to the\narchbishops; and before the time of Henry VIII. it voted subsidies to the\nKing independently of the Houses of Lords and Commons. Of this clause\n_Pr\u00e6munientes_, CANON. EBOR. has taken no notice whatever, although in the\nextract from Collier it was expressly stated that the proctors of the\nclergy were \"summoned to parliament\" and \"sent up to parliament\" by it,\nand, when assembled in the Lower House of Convocation, they were esteemed\n_the Spiritual Commons_ of the realm, and a constituent part of \"the great\nCouncil of the nation assembled in parliament.\" But as mere assertions, or\neven uncorroborated deductions, are but of little value without facts, I\nmust establish this much by producing authorities.\n\nThe design of Edward I. for reducing the clergy to be a part of the Third\nEstate, by means of this pr\u00e6munitory clause, is sufficiently known, as is\nalso the fact that the clergy were unwilling to give up their own synods;\nand though, in obedience to the King's summons, they came to parliament\nfrom both provinces, yet shortly after they met by themselves, and\nconstituted a body which was at once synodical and parliamentary.\n\n    \"Now, then, though the _Pr\u00e6munientes_ was obeyed nationally, yet the\n    clergy that met with the Parliament acted provincially, _i. e._ the\n    clergy of that province where the Parliament was held acted as a Synod\n    convened by their metropolitan, and the clergy of the other province\n    sent their deputies to the Lay Assembly to consult for them; but taxed\n    themselves, and did all manner of ecclesiastical business, at home in\n    their own province. _And this was pitched upon as a means of complying\n    with the Canons of the Church, which required frequent Provincial\n    Councils, and yet paying their attendance in Parliament; the\n    Archbishop's mandate summoned them to the one, and the pr\u00e6munitory\n    clause to the other_, and both were obeyed.\"--_Atterbury on\n    Convocation_, p. 243.\n\nThe same view is taken by Kennet in his _Ecclesiastical Synods and\nParliamentary Convocations in the Church of England_.\n\nHere, then, is the origin of Convocation, strictly so called, viz. the\nClergy withdrawing themselves from the Commons into a separate chamber for\npurposes of debate, and for transacting their own business independently,\nbut yet not ceasing thereby at all to be a part of that parliament, to\ntheir being summoned to which they owed the opportunity of meeting in their\nprovincial synod, which was _Congregatio tempore Parliamenti_.\n\nWe hear of the clerical proctors being occasionally present in the House of\nCommons in the earlier part of our history; and we may reasonably infer\nthat they would not have been so present unless they had _a right_ to have\nbeen there. If they had that right, then they were a part of parliament.\nThey certainly had that right by the clause _Pr\u00e6munientes_ so often\nreferred to, \"according to antient usage;\" but they waived the exercise of\nit, on finding it more advantageous to deliberate by themselves. At a later\nperiod they wished to resume their right, and therefore petitioned \"to be\nadmitted to sit in parliament WITH _the House of Commons_, according to\nantient usage,\" of which Commons they had of usage considered themselves\nthe _spiritual_ part. An instance in point we shall find in a petition of\nParliament to Henry IV.:--\n\n    \"Supplient humblement _les Communes_ de vostre Roialme, sibien\n    _Espirituelz_ come _Temporelz_.\"--_Rot. Parl._ 7 & 8 Henry IV. n. 128.\n\nAnd again, in a proclamation of the 35 Henry VIII.:--\n\n    \"The Nobles and _Commons_ both _Spirituall_ and Temporall, _assembled\n    in our Court of Parliament_, have, upon good, lawful, and virtuous\n    grounds,\" &c.\n\nAnd \"Direction to Justices of Peace,\" by the same King:--\n\n     \"HENRY R.\n\n    \"Trusty and right well-beloved,--We grete you well ... and also by the\n    deliberate advice, consultation, consent, and agreement, _as well of\n    the_ Bishops _and Clergie_ as by the Nobles and Commons Temporal of\n    this our Realme _assembled in our High Courte of Parliament_, and by\n    authoritie of the same, the abuses of the Bishop of Rome, ... but also\n    the same our Nobles and _Commons_ bothe of _the Clergie_ and\n    Temporaltie, by another several acte,\" &c.--Weever's _Fun. Mon._, p.\n    83., quoted by Atterbury.\n\nFor multitudinous examples of the Convocation Clergy, \"Pr\u00e6lati et clerus,\"\nbeing spoken of as not only of the parliament, but present _in_ it, I must\nrefer CANON. EBOR. to Atterbury's work, pp. 61, 62, 63.\n\nAnd it is certain that, before the Commons can be proved to have been\nsummoned to parliament at all, the inferior clergy sat there. In the\nparliament of Henry III. held at Westminster, 1228, there sat \"the\nArchbishops, Bishops, Abbots, Priors, Templars, Hospitallers, Earls,\nBarons, {542} _Rectors of churches_, and they that held of the King in\nchief\" (_Mat. Paris_, p. 361.), in which the order of precedence is worth\nobserving.\n\nOne more argument of CANON. EBOR.'s has to be met. He says (Vol. iv., p.\n197.), \"The Convocation of the Clergy never met either the sovereign or the\nparliament.\" The following quotations will destroy this position:--\n\n    \"Though sometimes the King himself has vouchsafed to appear and sit in\n    Convocation, when it was called for some extraordinary cause; as in\n    Arundel's Register _Henry IV. is remembered to have done_ (in Conv.\n    habit\u00e2 23 Jul. 1408, caus\u00e2 Uniones).\"--_Atterbury_, p. 20.\n\nAlso:\n\n    \"'Until the reign of Henry VII., there is a doubt whether the\n    Convocation of the Clergy, then in separate existence from the\n    Parliament since Edward I., had transacted purely ecclesiastical\n    business not connected with the Government, or where the King was not\n    present in person. (Henry IV., _Wilkins_, p. 310.) In the reign of\n    Henry VIII., _who also sat in Convocation_, no Church Provincial Synod\n    was held, and the House of Lords met and adjourned on the days on which\n    Convocation transacted business in consideration to the bishops, who\n    were barons of Parliament, and also members of the Upper House of\n    Convocation. (_Wake._)'\"--_Diocesan Synods_, by Rev. W. Pound, M.A.\n\n3. _The Clergy were not, and are not, represented in parliament by the\nSpiritual Lords._ The bishops are called to the House of Lords as barons;\njust in the same manner as the abbots and priors were formerly summoned,\n_not as representing any body of men_, but as holding _in capite_ of the\nKing. The prelates have sat in the House of Lords since William I., not as\npeers or nobles by blood, nor as representatives, but by virtue of this\ntenure. They certainly were not considered as _representatives_ before the\nReformation; and that the same opinions respecting them prevailed still\nlater, will appear from the decision of the House of Commons in 1 Mary,\nthat a clerk could not be chosen into that House, \"because he was\n_represented_ already in another House;\" and again, from a speech in the\nCommons by Mr. Solicitor St. John on the \"Act to take away Bishops' Votes\nin Parliament:\"\n\n    \"1. Because they have no such inherent right and liberty of being there\n    as the Lords Temporal and Peers of the Realm have; _for they are not\n    there representative of any body else; no, not of the clergy_; for if\n    so, then the clergy were twice represented by them, viz. the Lords'\n    House and in the Convocation; for their writ of election is to send two\n    clerks _ad consentiendum_, &c. Besides, none are there representative\n    of others, but those that have their suffrages from others; _and\n    therefore only the clerks in Convocation do represent them_.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n    \"3. If they were representative of the clergy, as a third estate and\n    degree, no act of parliament could be good if they did wholly\n    disassent; and yet they have disassented, and the law good and in\n    force, as in the Act for establishing the Book of Common Prayer in\n    Queen Elizabeth's time. They did disassent from the confirming of that\n    law, which could not have been good if _they_ had been a third estate,\n    and disassented.\"--Rapin's _History of England_, book xx.\n\nAnd in the same parliament Lord Falkland--\n\n    \"Had heard many of the clergy protest, that they could not acknowledge\n    _that they were represented by the bishops_. However, we might presume\n    that, if they could make that appear, _that they were a third estate_,\n    the House of Peers, amongst whom they sat, and yet had their votes,\n    would reject it.\"--Clarendon's _History of the Rebellion_, book iii.\n\nThat the Clergy in Convocation make statements to the House of Peers\nthrough the bishops, only proves that the latter were a medium of\ncommunication between the two; as does also, that on March 18th, 1662, \"the\nPresident informed the Convocation that the Lord Chancellor had desired\n_the Bishops_ to thank them _in the name of the Peers_.\" CANON. EBOR.\nadmits that the bishops do _not_ represent the clergy, except by a fiction;\nthe Canons declare _that Convocation does represent_ them. His position\ntherefore falls at once to the ground.\n\nI have set down the arguments necessary for maintaining my first position\nagainst CANON. EBOR., whether they be good or bad, with sufficient\npositiveness and distinctness to prevent their being again mistaken. I\nwould close the subject with the words of Atterbury:\n\n    \"If I should affirm that the Convocation attended the Parliament as\n    _One of the Three States of the Realm_, I should say no more than the\n    Rolls have in express terms said before me; where the King is mentioned\n    as calling _Tres status Regni_ ad Palatium suum Westm., viz. _Pr\u00e6latos\n    et Clerum_, Nobiles et Magnates, necnon Communitates dicti\n    _Regni_.\"--_Rot. Parl._ 9 Henry V. n. 15.\n\nWILLIAM FRASER, B.C.L.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nBURIALS IN WOOLLEN.\n\n(Vol. v., p. 414.)\n\nYour correspondent the Rev. E. S. TAYLOR is referred to 30 Car. II. c. 3.,\nand 32 ejusdem c. 1., for an answer to his inquiry respecting burials in\nwoollen. The former Act is entitled, \"An Acte for the lessening the\nimportation of linnen from beyond the seas, and the encouragement of the\nwoollen and paper manufactures of the kingdome.\" It prescribes that the\ncurate of every parish shall keep a register, to be provided at the charge\nof the parish, wherein to enter all burials, and affidavits of persons\nbeing buried in woollen; the affidavit to be taken by any justice of peace,\nmayor, or such like chief officer in the parish where the body was\ninterred: and if there be no officer, then by any {543} curate within the\ncounty where the corpse was buried (except him in whose parish the corpse\nwas buried), who must administer the oath and set his hand gratis. No\naffidavit to be necessary for a person dying of the plague. It imposes a\nfine of 5l. for every infringement; one half to go to the informer, and the\nother half to the poor of the parish.\n\nI have not been able to ascertain when this act was repealed, but imagine\nit to have been of but short continuance. Is there no mistake in the date\nof the affidavit quoted by Mr. Taylor? Is 1769 a _lapsus_ for 1679? The\nfirst entry in the book provided for such purposes in this parish bears\ndate August, 1678, and there is no entry later than 1681, which appears\nalso to be the limit of the Act's observance in the adjacent parish of\nRadcliffe. There, the entries immediately follow the record of the burial\nitself in the registers, and not in a separate book, as with us.\n\nUnder the year 1679 occurs the following memorandum in the parish registers\nof Radcliffe:\n\n    \"An orphan of Ralph Mather's, of Radcliffe, was buried y^e 9th day of\n    April, and sertefied to be wounde uppe in woollen onely, under the hand\n    of M^r William Hulme.\"\n\nIn the churchwardens' accounts of this parish (Prestwich) for the year 1681\nis found the following item of receipt:\n\n    \"Received a fine of James Crompton ffor buringe his son and not\n    bringinge in an affidavitt according to the Acte for burying in\n    woollin, 02.10.00.\"\n\nJOHN BOOKER.\n\nPrestwich, Manchester.\n\nThe act of parliament imposing a penalty upon burials, where any material\nbut wool was made use of was 30 Car. II. stat. 1. c. 3., afterwards\nrepealed by the 54 Geo. III. c. 108. I am able to adduce an instance of the\nact being enforced, in the following extract from the churchwardens' book\nof the parish of Eye for the year 1686-7:\n\n \"Rec. for Mi^s Grace Thrower beeinge buried in Linnen 02 10 00.\"\n\nJ. B. COLMAN.\n\nEye.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nBRAEMS' MS. \"MEMOIRES TOUCHANT LE COMMERCE.\"\n\n(Vol. v., p. 126.)\n\nIn the hope of satisfying the curiosity of J. M., I will communicate the\ninformation concerning Daniel Braams which I find in my family papers.\n\nAccording to a genealogical tree in my possession, confirmed and delivered\n13th September, 1661, by the kings-at-arms and heralds of Brabant[2],\nDaniel Braems descended from an illustrious family of Brabant, a younger\nbranch of the Vilains, of the house of the burgraves, or viscounts of\nGhent.\n\nDuring the Spanish religious persecutions, about 1550, his ancestors\nemigrated from Flanders, and settled at Dover.\n\nHis father was Daniel Braams[3], keeper of the regalia of Charles I., and\nin high favour at court. On Cromwell's coming to power he fled, and soon\nafter died, leaving an only son in childhood, by his widow, Mary, daughter\nof the well-known navigator Jacob le Maire.\n\nMary, with her youthful son Daniel, settled in Holland, where she had many\nrelatives, and contracted a second marriage with Andreas Schnellingwouw.\nShe soon after went to the East Indies with her husband, who had been\nappointed secretary to the _Schepenen_ at Batavia. Thus, Daniel Braams went\nvery early to the Indies, where he passed a great part of his life. He\nbecame General Accomptant of the East India Company at Batavia, and for his\nservices received a gold chain and a medal.\n\nIn the family papers in his own hand now before me, he writes:\n\n    \"The 29th November, A^o 1686, I set sail with my family from Batavia,\n    in the ship Kastricum, to return to Europe, after I had been\n    thirty-four years and a half in India. The 21st March, 1687, we arrived\n    at the Cape of Good Hope; and on the 19th April proceeded thence, with\n    thirteen ships. When we had reached the ... degree of north latitude,\n    having Ireland to the east, it pleased the Most High to call my dear\n    and virtuous wife to His eternal rest, on the 9th of July, A^o 1687.\n    The dead body was, by my orders, enclosed in a coffin and placed behind\n    the ship. At Amsterdam she was buried in the vault of my grandfather in\n    the N. Capel.\"\n\nDaniel Braams was twice married in Batavia; first, with Clara Reijers, and\nsecondly, with a daughter of Anthonio Paviloen, Councillor Extraordinary of\nIndia. Besides several children who died young, he left the following, all\nborn in the East Indies:--By his first marriage: 1. Maria, b. 1667; d.\n1743; m. Philip David Uchelen, governor of Banda and Ternate. 2. Abigail,\nb. 1672; d. 1753; m. Cornelis Heinsius, _Landschrijver_ of the land of\nCuyk. 3. Clara Sara, b. 1681; d. 1750; m. at Amsterdam Jan van der Burgh.\nBy his second marriage: 4. Johannes Jacobus, b. 1683; d. 1743. His\ngodfather was Cornelis Speelman, governor of India; he m. Maria\nUijlenbroek, and died S. P.\n\nJ. F. L. C.\n\nAmersfoort.\n\nP.S.--Mr. J. F. L. Coenen would feel happy if, {544} through the medium of\nthe \"N. & Q.\" and the NAVORSCHER, he could learn in whose possession the\nMS. now is, and whether the owner would be inclined to dispose of it for a\nmoderate price.\n\n[Footnote 2: This document is quoted by Kok in his _Vaderl. Woordenboek_,\nvol. viii. p. 899.; and by Scheltema, _Geschied. en letterk. Mengelwerk_,\nvol. iii. p. 183.]\n\n[Footnote 3: An excellent family portrait of him, painted by A. Vandyk, is\nnow in the possession of Mevr. de douairi\u00e8re Coenen, van 's Gravesloot, at\nUtrecht.]\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nGENERAL PARDONS.\n\n(Vol. v., p. 496.)\n\nIn reference to the pardon to John Trenchard, Esq., here communicated in\nanswer to me, I request permission, in the first place, to present my\nacknowledgments to MR. E. S. TAYLOR for his courtesy; and, in the next, to\nexplain the motive of my inquiry. I was about to print a very long document\nof this nature, which was issued on the 2nd Jan., 12 Car. II. (1660-1), in\nfavour of Colonel Richard Beke, who had married a cousin of the Protector\nCromwell. It appeared to me probable that some general pardon had been\nalready printed, and I wished either to avoid the needless repetition\nshould the pardon to Colonel Beke prove to be in the ordinary form, or, at\nleast, to make a comparison between that and other records of the same\nclass. I could not, however, ascertain that any general pardon had been\nprinted, nor have I hitherto heard of any. The pardon to Colonel Beke has\nbeen printed for _The Topographer and Genealogist_, but is not yet\npublished. It occupies nearly seven large octavo pages, and consequently is\nmuch longer than that granted to Mr. Trenchard: speaking freely, it is\nbetween three and four times as long. It is evidently formed on a different\nand more ample precedent; but perhaps the main difference consists in its\nhaving relation to the tenure of landed property, and not merely to the\nsimple pardon of offences conferred in the grant made to Trenchard, though,\nfrom the enumeration introduced in it of all imaginable offences and\ncrimes, political and moral, it is certainly more quaint and extraordinary.\n\nI much regret that the pardon to Trenchard has not been presented _in\nextenso_ to the readers of \"N. & Q.;\" for the contractions and very\nirregular punctuation will render it almost unintelligible to those who are\nnot conversant with other documents of the kind. The following words are\nactually misprinted. In line 3. \"he\" for l're (liter\u00e6); line 12.\n\"nuncupabatur\" (one word); col. 2. line 1. \"Jud'camenta\" for Indictamenta,\nand \"condempnac'onas\" for condempnationes; line 3. and again line 14.\n\"fforisfutur\" for forisfactiones; line 23. \"n're\" for nostri; line 34.\n\"existim't\" for existunt; line 37. \"p'lite^r\" for placitetur; line 39. \"mea\nparte\" for in ea parte; last line, \"p'rato\" for privato.\n\nIt is also necessary to correct the error into which MR. TAYLOR has fallen\nin supposing that this pardon was granted on the 7th of December, 1688. The\ndate it bears, \"decimo septimo die Decembris anno regni nostri tertio,\"\nrefers to a year earlier, viz., the 7th of December, 1687. The Revolution\noccurred in the _fourth_ year of the reign of James II. \"Mr. Trenchard of\nthe Middle Temple\" was clearly the same who was afterwards Sir John, and\nSecretary of State to King William. See the biographical notice of him\nappended to the pedigree of Trenchard in Hutchins's _History of\nDorsetshire_, in which work two portraits of him are given. He had been\nengaged in Monmouth's rebellion; and it is said that he was at dinner with\nMr. William Speke at Ilminster, when the news arrived of Monmouth's defeat\nat Sedgmoor. Speke was shortly after hung before his own door; whilst at\nthe same time, having secreted himself, Trenchard had the good fortune to\nbe embarking for the continent. The other John Trenchard mentioned by MR.\nTAYLOR as occurring among the regicides, was great-uncle to Sir John, who\nwas only forty-six at his death in 1694.\n\nJOHN GOUGH NICHOLS.\n\nMacaulay may be right about the great seal notwithstanding Trenchard's\npardon. It is just possible such documents may have been kept ready \"cut\nand dried\" for filling up. Charles I. began to reign March 27, 1625. I know\nof a pardon dated Feb. 10th in the first year of his reign, with the great\nseal of _James I._ appended. Surely it did not take eleven months to cut a\nnew great seal, which seems the likeliest way of accounting for the use of\nthe old one.\n\nP. P.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nTHE DODO.\n\n(Vol. v., pp. 463. 515.)\n\nI beg to inclose the copy of a letter received by me in reply to my inquiry\nrespecting the specimen of a _dodo_ said to be at the house of _Sir John\nTrevelyan, Bart., Nettlecombe Park, Somersetshire_, a notice of which\nappeared in \"N. & Q.\" published on the 15th ultimo. I shall feel much\nobliged if you will have the kindness to publish the same as an answer to\nMR. WINN's Query.\n\nA. D. BARTLETT.\n\n     \"Sir,\n\n    \"I wish I could confirm the truth of the information given to MR. WINN,\n    which I think it is scarcely necessary for me to say is _entirely\n    incorrect_: and how such a report could have originated it is difficult\n    to understand; unless by supposing that a member of the family when at\n    Nettlecombe, in their childhood, had seen a stuffed specimen of the\n    large _bustard_; and that this, in the course of years, had been\n    magnified in their imaginative and indistinct recollection into a\n    _dodo_. I admired much your restoration of the dodo at the Great\n    Exhibition; which, judging from the old pictures and known remains of\n    the bird, gives, I think, a very good idea of what it was. I do not\n    know of {545} any other remains of the _dodo_ than those enumerated by\n    Mr. Strickland; and had there been any at Nettlecombe, they would long\n    ago have been known to naturalists.\n\n                 \"I remain, Sir,\n                     \"Yours faithfully,\n                         \"W. C. TREVELYAN.\n\n          To Mr. A. D. Bartlett,\n      12. College Street, Camden Town.\"\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nWHIPPING OF PRINCES BY PROXY.\n\n(Vol. v., p. 468.)\n\nYour correspondent who makes inquiry about Whipping-boys of Princes, I\nwould refer to a very scarce old play from which I give an extract, and in\nwhich the whipping-boy was _knighted_, _When You see Mee You know Mee_, as\nit was played by the High and Mighty Prince of Wales his Servants, by\nSamuel Rowley, London, 1632:\n\n    \"_Prince_ (Ed. VI.). Why, how now, Browne; what's the matter?\n\n    _Browne._ Your Grace loyters, and will not plye your booke, and your\n    tutors have whipt me for it.\n\n    _Prince._ Alas, poore Ned! I am sorrie for it. I'll take the more\n    paines, and entreate my tutors for thee; yet, in troth, the lectures\n    they read me last night out of Virgil and Ovid I am perfect in, onely I\n    confesse I am behind in my Greeke authors.\n\n    _Will_ (Summers). And for that speech they have declined it uppon his\n    breech,\" &c.--Pages 48-53.\n\nHe will also find the subject noticed by Sir Walter Scott, _Fortunes of\nNigel_, ch. vi. p. 114. vol. xxvi. of Waverley Novels, Edinburgh, 1833,\n8vo.; and also by Burnet in _The History of his own Time_. The latter, in\nspeaking of Elizabeth, Countess of Dysart, whom he describes as an\n_intrigante_, and who afterwards became Duchess of Lauderdale, says her\nfather, _William Murray_, had been page and _whipping-boy_ to Charles I. We\nhear nothing of such office being held by any one in the household of\nPrince Henry, the elder brother of Charles I.; nor, if we can believe\nCornwallis and others, can we suppose that \"incomparable and heroique\"\nprince infringed the rules of discipline, in any respect, to justify any\ncastigation. It does not appear that it was the practice to have such a\n_substitute_ in France; for Louis XIV., who was cotemporary with our\nCharles I., on one occasion, when he was sensible of his want of education,\nexclaimed, \"Est-ce qu'il n'y avait point de verges dans mon royaume, pour\nme forcer \u00e0 \u00e9tudier?\" And Mr. Prince (_Parallel History_, 2nd edition in 3\nvols. 8vo., London, 1842-3, at p. 262. vol. iii.) states, that George III.,\nwhen Dr. Markham inquired \"how his Majesty would wish to have the princes\ntreated?\"--\"Like the sons of any private English gentleman,\" was the\nsensible reply; \"if they deserve it, let them be flogged: do as you used to\ndo at Westminster.\" This is very like the characteristic and judicious\nlanguage of the honest monarch.\n\n[Phi].\n\nRichmond.\n\nMR. LAWRENCE has overlooked King Edward's most celebrated whipping-boy,\nBarnaby Fitzpatrick (as to whom see Fuller, _Church History_, ed. 1837, ii.\n342.; Strype's _Ecclesiastical Memorials_, ii. 287. 331. 460. 503.; Burnet,\n_History of the Reformation_, ed. 1841, 456.; Tytler's _Edward VI. and\nQueen Mary_, ii. 85.). I confess I do not recollect having before heard\neither of Brown or Mungo Murray, and hope MR. LAWRENCE will give\nparticulars respecting them.\n\nIt seems very clear that Henry VI. was chastised _personally_; see a record\ncited (from Rymer, x. 399.) in _History of England and France under the\nHouse of Lancaster_, p. 418.\n\nC. H. COOPER.\n\nCambridge.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nReplies to Minor Queries.\n\n_Penkenol_ (Vol. v., p. 490.).--Head of a family or tribe, from the Celtic:\nsee _penkenedl_, Welsh; _ceanncinnidh_, or _cineal_, Gaelic; of which\n_ken-kenal_ is a Lowland corruption. The inference drawn from the three\ncrescents (borne as a difference) almost explains the meaning of the word.\nAubrey was a Welshman.\n\nDE CAMERON.\n\n_Penken_o_l_ was probably written in error for _pencen_edl, the head of a\nsept or family. Pennant so uses the word in his _Whiteford and Hollywell_,\np. 33. The Welsh pronunciation of _dl_ as _thl_ will point to an obvious\nGreek analogy, which Davies's _Dictionary_ carries to an earlier source.\n\nLANCASTRIENSIS.\n\n_Johnny Crapaud_ (Vol. v., pp. 439. 523.).--I cannot but think that the\nsolution of MR. PHILIP S. KING's Query about \"Johnny Crapaud\" will be found\nin the circumstance that three frogs are the old arms of France, and I\nwould refer him if he needs it, to the Rev. E. B. Elliott's _Hor\u00e6\nApocalyptic\u00e6_, where the reasons for believing that such were the arms of\nFrance are fully given and illustrated by a plate, vol. iv. p. 64. ed.\n1847. I may add that, for what reason I don't know, but perhaps Mr.\nMetivier does, the natives of Jersey are called _crapauds_ by Guernsey men,\nwho in return are honoured by the title of _\u00e2nes_, asses.\n\nPEREZ.\n\n_Sir John Darnall_ (Vol. v., p. 489.).--Sir John Darnall, Serjeant-at-Law\n1714, knighted 1724, died Sept. 5, 1731, and was buried at Petersham,\nleaving by Margaret, daughter of Sir Thomas Jenner, two daughters and\ncoheirs: _Mary_ the elder married in 1727 Robert Orde, Esq., Lord Chief\nBaron of Scotland; and _Anne_ the younger married in 1728 Henry Muilman of\nLondon, Esq., {546} whose only daughter and heir married John Julius\nAngerstein, Esq.\n\nThe above Sir John Darnall was the only surviving son of Sir John Darnall\nof the Inner Temple, King's Sergeant-at-law 1698, knighted at Kensington\nJune 1, 1699, died in Essex Street 1706, and was buried in the chancel\nvault of St. Clement's Danes, co. Middlesex (see the _English Post_,\nMonday, Dec. 23, 1706). He was son of Ralph Darnall, of Loughton's Hope,\nco. Hereford, and his will was proved in the Prerogative Court of\nCanterbury in Jan. 1707.\n\nThe arms assumed by Sir John Darnall, who died 1706, were--Gules on a pale\nargent, a lion rampant azure impaling Gules a boar passant.\n\nG.\n\n_Bastides_ (Vol. v., pp. 150. 206.).--Dumas, in his _Pictures of Travel in\nthe South of France_, says, that Louis XIV. while at Marseilles, observing\nthe charming houses which surrounded the town, with their white walls, red\ntops, and green blinds, inquired by what name they were called in the\nlanguage of the country: \"They call them _Bastides_,\" replied Fostea de\nPiles. \"Good!\" says the King; \"I will have a Bastide.\" He built a fort to\ncheck the Marseillaise.\n\nAgain, Tarver, in his _Dictionary_, has:\n\n    \"BASTIDE, a small country house (this word is used in the south of\n    France, in Provence especially.)\"\n\nDid Louis intend a pun between _Bastide_ and _Bastille_?\n\nE. H. B.\n\nDemerary.\n\n_Compositions under the Protectorate_ (Vol. v., p. 68.).--Such is the name\nof a heading to one of your recent Notes; and such is the formula of the\nvery common error that Dring's _List_, and the lists of his re-editors,\nrepresent the fines levied by Cromwell when he decimated the incomes (not\nthe estates) of the Royalists, in consequence of Penruddock's rising.\nDring's _List_ has reference to the compositions during the years\n1646-1648, when the fines were based on a totally different calculation.\nThe error has arisen from Dring's catalogue having been published in 1655,\nthe year after Penruddock's affair. I have compared a great number of the\ncompositions as they are stated in the Lord's Journals, 1646, _et seq._,\nwith Dring's account; and though there are discrepancies, their average\nresemblance is sufficient to show that they refer to one and the same\naffair. Indeed, any one acquainted with the actors in those events will see\nin a moment that Dring's _List_ contains many who had repented of and\nacknowledged their \"delinquency.\"\n\nJ. WAYLEN.\n\n_Hoax on Sir Walter Scott_ (Vol. v., p. 438.).--The reperusal of Mr.\nDrury's hoax upon Sir Walter reminds me of another, which having escaped\nthe industry of, or been intentionally overlooked by Mr. Lockhart, may be\nappropriately noticed in your pages, as pleasantly showing that even\n\"ANSELMO's\" black-letter sagacity might be deceived; and that, with the\nsimple credulity of his own Monkbarns, he could mistake the \"bit bourock of\nthe mason-callants\" for a Roman Pretorium.\n\nI allude to a small stitchlet, or brochure, of five pages, entitled \"The\nRaid of Featherstonehaugh: a Border Ballad.\" It was really written by Sir\nWalter's early friend, Mr. Robert Surtees of Mainsforth, author of the\n_History of Durham_, some of whose other impositions upon the poet were\nprinted in the _Border Minstrelsy_, or inserted in notes to his _Metrical\nRomances_. Of this poem in particular, Sir Walter entertained so high an\nopinion, that he has incorporated a verse from it into _Marmion_, and given\nit entire in a note as a genuine relic of antiquity; gravely commenting\nupon it in the most elaborate manner, and pointing out its exemplifications\nof the then state of society. It will be found in _Marmion_, Canto I.,\nverse 13.:\n\n \"The whiles a northern harper rude.\"\n\nWILLIAM BATES.\n\nBirmingham.\n\n_Statute of Limitations abroad_ (Vol. iv., p. 256.).--In this colony, which\nis governed by the old Dutch law, the time at which prescription prevails\nis one-third of a century, but some Dutch authorities hold that thirty\nyears is sufficient in personal actions. In Holland there were various\ncharters respecting prescription, such as those of Alkmaar of 1254,\nMedemblik of 1288, Waterland of 1288, and others; these were cases of\npossession with the knowledge of the authorities. In Holland immovable\nproperty was acquired by prescription, without the knowledge of the\nauthorities, in the third of a century. In Zealand it was twenty years. By\nthe law of the Feudal Court, the period was a third of a century for any\nproperty; and in the territory of Voorn, from times of old, and classed\namong the laws of the year 1519, peaceable possession of any immovable\nproperty for thirty years was held good; but there was an exception in\nfavour of minors and absentees.\n\nE. H. B.\n\nDemerary.\n\n_Lines on Crawfurd of Kilbirnie_ (Vol. v., p. 404.).--These lines are\nevidently merely an adaptation of the well-known epigram on Austria:\n\n \"Bella gerant alii--tu felix Austria nube,\n  Nam qu\u00e6 Mars aliis dat tibi regna Venus.\"\n\nS. L. P.\n\n_Swearing on a Skull_ (Vol. v., p. 485.).--In the \"Historical Memoirs of\nthe Clan McGregor,\" prefixed to the _Life of Rob Roy_, by K. Macleay, M.D.,\nGlasgow, 1818, is the following story:--On the arrival of Anne of Denmark\nin Scotland, {547} immediately after her marriage to James VI., the king\nordered Lord Drummond of Perth, who was \"principal forester of Glenartney,\"\nto provide venison for a feast. His deputy, Drummond of Drummondernoch,\nfound in the forest some trespassers of clan Donald of Glenco, whose ears\nhe cropped and let them go. The Macdonalds, however, returned with others\nof their clan, killed Drummond, and cut off his head. The atrocious acts of\nbarbarism which followed need not be told here. They ultimately took the\nhead with them, and proceeded to Balquhidder, among their friends the\nMcGregors, whose conduct is best described in the words of the king's\nproclamation against their clan, which, after denouncing the \"manifest\nreifs, and stouths\" committed by them, and the murder of Drummond, proceeds\nthus:\n\n    \"Likeas after ye murther committed, ye authors yrof cutted aff ye said\n    umqll Jo. Drummond's head, and carried the same to the Laird of\n    McGregor, who, and his haill surname of McGregors, purposely conveined\n    upon the next Sunday yrafter, at the kirk of Buchquhidder; qr they\n    caused ye said umqll John's head be pnted to them, and yr avowing ye sd\n    murder, laid yr hands upon the pow, and in Ethnic and barbarous manner,\n    swear to defend ye authors of ye sd murder.\"\n\nHENRY G. TOMKINS.\n\nWeston super Mare.\n\n_Rhymes on Places_ (Vol. v., pp. 293. 374. 500.).--Roger Gale, in a letter\ndated August 17, 1739, states that he saw the following lines in a window\nat Belford (between Newcastle and Berwick):\n\n \"Cain, in disgrace with heaven, retired to Nod,\n  A place, undoubtedly, as far from God\n  As Cain could wish; which makes some think he went\n  As far as Scotland, ere he pitch'd his tent;\n  And there a city built of ancient fame,\n  Which he, from Eden, Edinburgh did name.\"\n                  _Reliqui\u00e6 Galean\u00e6_, 67*\n\nCharles Mathews, in a letter directed to his son at Mold N. W., dated 4th\nNovember [1825], says:\n\n    \"Lord Deerhurst, who franked this letter, laughed at the idea of your\n    being condemned to be at Mold, and told me an impromptu of Sheridan's,\n    upon being compelled to spend a day or two there:\n\n     \"'Were I to curse the man I hate\n        From youth till I grow old,\n      Oh might he be condemn'd by fate\n        To waste his days in Mold!'\"\n              _Memoirs of Charles Mathews_, v. 504.\n\nC. H. COOPER.\n\nCambridge.\n\n_The Silent Woman_ (Vol. v., p. 468.).--A very similar sign to this is one\ncalled \"The Honest Lawyer,\" who is represented in exactly the same position\nas \"The Silent Woman.\" The interpretation seems tolerably obvious in both\ncases, such a state being one in which the lady could not be otherwise than\nsilent, nor the gentleman than honest.\n\nS. L. P.\n\nOxford and Cambridge Club.\n\n_Serpent with a human Head_ (Vol. iv., pp. 191. 331.).--Perhaps the most\nancient representations of this figure are to be found in those papyri of\nthe ancient Egyptians, called the Ritual, or prayers of the dead, in which\nare depicted the progress or peregrination of the soul through the regions\nof the nether world, or Hades, to a future state of existence. Fac-similes\nof the Ritual have been published in Rosellini's _Monumenti dell' Egitto_,\nDr. Lepsius's _Todten-Buch_, the plates of Lord Belmore's _Collection of\nHieroglyphic Monuments_, and in the great French work entitled _Description\nde l'Egypte_. A similar form occurs also in several of the woodcuts\ninserted in the _prose_ version, (printed at Paris by Antoine Verard in\n1499) of Guillaume de Guileville's poem entitled _Le P\u00e9lerinaige de l'Ame_,\na monastic legend of the fourteenth century, evidently founded on the old\nEgyptian belief. At the end of the pilgrimage represented in the Egyptian\npapyri, the soul is conducted by her guardian angel into the great Hall of\nJudgment, where the deeds done in the body are placed in the balance in the\npresence of Osiris, the judge of the assize, who passes sentence. A\nrepresentation of the same scene became a favourite decoration in medi\u00e6val\nChristian churches, of which many vestiges have been discovered of late\nyears in this country; with this difference, that in these fresco-paintings\nSt. Michael was substituted, as judge of the tribunal, for Osiris. In the\nwoodcuts above mentioned, published by Verard, _the woman-headed serpent_\npursues the soul, like an accusing spirit, into the Hall of Judgment, seats\nherself even in one of the scales of the balance to counterpoise the good\ndeeds placed in the opposite scale by the soul, telling her at the same\ntime that her name is Sinderesis, or the WORM _of Conscience_. Thus, by a\ncircuitous route, we arrive at the signification of the original Egyptian\nsymbol.\n\nNHRSL.\n\n_Poem on the Burning of the Houses of Parliament_ (Vol. v., p. 488.).--As\nthis doggerel is written on the same plan as our old friend \"This is the\nHouse that Jack built,\" it will be sufficient to give the last paragraph,\nwhich of course embraces the whole. I copy from a newspaper cutting, but\nfrom what newspaper I am ignorant. It is printed consecutively (as I send\nit), and not with reference to the metre.\n\n    \"This is the Peer, who in town being resident, signed the report for\n    the absent Lord President, and said that the history, was cleared of\n    its mystery, by Whitbread the waiter, adding his _negatur_, to that of\n    John Riddle, who laugh'd and said 'Fiddle!' when told Mr. Cooper of\n    Drury Lane, had been down to Dudley and back again, and had heard the\n    same day, a bagman say, that the house was a-blazing, a thing quite\n    {548} amazing, even to John Snell, who knew very well, by the smoke and\n    the heat, that was broiling his feet, through his great thick boots in\n    the Black Rod's seat, that Dick Reynolds was right, that the fires were\n    too bright, heaped up to such an unconscionable height, in spite of the\n    fright, they gave poor Mistress Wright, when she sent to Josh. Cross,\n    so full of his sauce, both to her and to Weobly, who'd heard so feebly,\n    the directions of Phipps, when he told him the chips, might be burnt in\n    the flues, yet never sent the news, as he ought to Milne, who'd have\n    burnt in a kiln, these confounded old sticks, and not heated the\n    bricks, nor set fire to the house that Josh. burnt.\"\n\nCRANMORE.\n\n_Large Families_ (Vol. v., pp. 204. 357.).--In a MS. commonplace-book of\nthe year 1787 _et seq._, I find two notes which may be added to your\ncurious collection of large families.\n\n    \"In the church of Abberconway is a stone with this inscription: 'Here\n    lyeth the body of Nich^{las} Hooker, who was the one and fortieth child\n    of his father by Alice his only wife, and the father of seven and\n    twenty children by one wife. He died the 20^{th} of March, 1637.'\"\n\nThe other entry is as follows:--\n\n    \"The following well-attested fact is copied from Brand's _History of\n    Newcastle_:--\n\n    \"'A weaver in Scotland had by one wife (a Scotch-woman) sixty-two\n    children, all living till they were baptized; of whom four daughters\n    only lived to be women, and forty six sons attained to man's estate.'\"\n\nANON.\n\nThe following instance of a large family by one woman is gravely related by\nMaster Richard Verstegan, in his _Restitution of Decayed Intelligence in\nAntiquities_, p. 3. edit. 1655; and which, it must be confessed, is enough\nto frighten any day labourer \"out of his seven senses:\"--\n\n    \"There died in the city of Paris in the year of our Lord 1514, a woman\n    named Yoland Baillie, at the age of eighty-eight years, and in the\n    eighth year of her widowhood, who there lieth buried in the churchyard\n    of St. Innocents; by whose epitaph it appeareth, that there were two\n    hundred, fourscore and fifteen children issued from herself, _while\n    herself yet lived_!\"\n\nJ. Y.\n\n_Frebord_ (Vol. v., p. 440.).--Your correspondent P. M. M. desires\ninformation on this matter. He may be glad to know that, in the adjoining\nmanor from whence I write, the claim is sixteen feet and a half from the\nset of the hedge; and this claim has been ever allowed, and is still\nenforced. It is supposed to depend on a right of free-warren which the\nmanor in question possesses under a grant of Henry III. Is there any reason\nto believe that there is any connexion between _frebord_ and free-warren? I\nhave heard it explained as reserved for the use of the lord for the purpose\nof preserving the game.\n\nSPES.\n\n_Milton's (?) Epitaph_ (Vol. v., p. 361.).--Your correspondent is possibly\nnot acquainted with the Rev. Charles Wordsworth's very beautiful epitaph on\nhis first wife. It is in the College Chapel at Winchester, and is\nremarkably similar in idea to the one he gives. The words are:\n\n  I nimi\u00f9m dilecta! vocat Deus: i bona nostr\u00e6\n  Pars anim\u00e6: moerens altera disce sequi.\"\n\nBoth authors are doubtless indebted to Horace's--\n\n \"Ah! te me\u00e6 si partem anim\u00e6 rapit\n  Maturior vis,\" &c.\n\nS. L. P.\n\nOxford and Cambridge Club.\n\n_Can Bishops vacate their Sees?_ (Vol. iv., p. 293.)--As an instance of\nbishops vacating their sees I find in the account of Twysden's _Hist.\nAnglican\u00e6 Scrip. decem_, that, speaking of the Epistle of Simeon Archbishop\nof York, it says, _inter alia_, \"the names after Thurstan, who resigned\nA.D. 1139, must have been added,\" &c.\n\nE. H. B.\n\nDemerary.\n\n_Sleekstone, Meaning of_ (Vol. iii., p. 241.; Vol. iv., p. 394.; Vol. v.,\np. 140.).--I can confirm what R. C. H. says respecting this word, having\nhad one in my possession. It was of glass, of the same shape as described\nby R. C. H., and was used for giving a gloss to silk stockings. It is\ncalled here (Demerary) a _sleeking stone_.\n\nE. H. B.\n\nDemerary.\n\n_Poems in the Spectator_ (Vol. v., p. 439.).--The three poems mentioned are\nunquestionably by Addison. Captain Thompson, in the Preface to his edition\nof Andrew Marvell's works in three vols. 4to., 1766, states that he found\nthem in a manuscript collection of Marvell's poems; but the fact no doubt\nwas, that the manuscript he refers to was a miscellaneous collection by\ndifferent writers, and not by Marvell exclusively (see Preface, p. xiv.)\nThus, \"William and Margaret,\" Mallet's ballad, was found in the same\nmanuscript, and is likewise ascribed by Capt. Thompson to Marvell, and with\nas little reason. Hartley Coleridge observes (_Biog. Borealis_, p. 64.)\nwith respect to the three poems alluded to:\n\n    \"As to their being Marvell's, it is just as probable that they are\n    Chaucer's. They present neither his language, his versification, nor\n    his cast of thought.\"\n\nWhile on the subject of Marvell, let me express a hope that we may soon\nhave a new and better edition of his works than the cumbrous but incorrect\nand incomplete edition published by Thompson. His admirable prose works\ndeserve editing with care, and amongst them should be included the tract\nomitted in his works, but worthy of him in every respect, _Remarks upon a\nlate Disingenuous Discourse writ by one T. D. under the Pretence De Causa\nDei_, 1678, 8vo.; and which has now become exceedingly rare.\n\nJAS. CROSSLEY.\n\n{549}\n\n_Line on Franklin_ (Vol. iv., 443.; Vol. v., p. 17.).--I have read, but do\nnot remember where, that this line was _immediately_ taken from one in the\n_Anti-Lucretius_ of Cardinal Polignac:\n\n \"Eripuitque Jovi fulmen, Phoeboque sagittas.\"\n\nBut it is obvious that the Cardinal must have, in turn, borrowed from\nManilius.\n\nJ. S. WARDEN.\n\n_St. Christopher_ (Vol. v., p. 295.).--E. A. H. L., who asks \"if there are\nany representations of St. Christopher in painted glass; and if so, where?\"\nis informed that there is a picture of the Saint in a green vestment,\npainted on glass, in the window of the side chapel of King's Chapel, which\nis used as a vestry by the Conduct. The picture is on the internal, not the\nexternal window of the side chapel, in the western corner, upper\ncompartment, about a foot in height.\n\nF. H. L.\n\n_Lines on Woman_ (Vol. v., p. 490.).--The uxorious lines your correspondent\nJ. T. is in search of, were written by _Bird_. They are copied from his\n\"Poetical Memoirs\" in Carey's _Beauties of the Modern Poets_, p. 284.,\nLondon, 1826. From thence I extract them, and, by so doing, entitle myself\nto the good graces of the lady readers of \"N. & Q.\"\n\n \"Oh, woman, woman! thou art formed to bless\n    The heart of restless man; to chase his care,\n  And charm existence by thy loveliness;\n    Bright as the sunbeam, as the morning fair,\n  If but thy foot fall on a wilderness,\n    Flowers spring, and shed their roseate blossoms there,\n  Shrouding the thorns that in thy pathway rise,\n  And scattering o'er it hues of paradise.\n\n \"Thy voice of love is music to the ear,\n    Soothing, and soft, and gentle as the stream\n  That strays 'mid summer flowers; thy glittering tear\n    Is mutely eloquent; thy smile a beam\n  Of life ineffable, so sweet, so dear,\n    It wakes the heart from sorrow's darkest dream,\n  Shedding a hallowed lustre o'er our fate,\n  And when it beams, we are not desolate.\n\n \"No, no! when woman smiles, we feel a charm\n    Thrown bright around us, binding us to earth;\n  Her tender accents, breathing forth the balm;\n    Of pure affection, give to transport birth;\n  There life's wide sea is billowless and calm.\n    Oh! lovely woman! thy consummate worth\n  Is far above thy frailty--far above\n  All earthly praise--thou art the light of love!\"\n\nRT.\n\nWarmington.\n\n_Burial_ (Vol. v., pp. 320. 404.).--MR. GATTY says that a clergyman is\ninhibited from reading the burial service in unconsecrated ground. Is this\nso? Irregular as the practice would be, have not other irregularities\nequally glaring--baptisms, for instance--too often taken place in\ndrawing-rooms? It might not be uninteresting, to have instances given of\nspots, not consecrated, which have been chosen for burial; as the\nindividuals who selected them have possibly been marked by some\npeculiarities of character worthy of observation.\n\nBaskerville, the celebrated printer, directed that he should be buried\nunder a windmill near his garden; this direction proceeded, alas! from\ndisbelief in Revelation. A few years previously (viz. in 1772) Mr. Hull, a\nbencher of the Inner Temple, was buried underneath Leith Hill Tower, in\nSurrey, which he had erected on that beautiful and commanding spot, shortly\nbefore his death.\n\nIn the _Gentleman's Magazine_ of last month, we have a curious inscription\non a monument, which once existed in a field or garden near Twickenham.\nMrs. Joan Whitrow, to whom it was raised, though said to be \"favoured with\nuncommon gifts,\" appears to have been very crazy.\n\nWas not Mrs. Van Butchell, to whom MR. GATTY refers, to be seen some years\nago in her glass case in the College of Surgeons?\n\nJ. H. M.\n\n_Portrait of Thomas Percy, Earl of Northumberland_ (Vol. v., p.\n490.).--There is a portrait of this nobleman in Petworth House, Sussex,\nrepresenting him kneeling on a cushion before a low stand, on which is\nplaced a missal, his hands joined as in prayer. Written on the canvas\nitself is the following, in capital letters:\n\n \"ESPERANCE--EN--DIEU\n      MA COMPHORT.\"\n\nAgain is written:\n\n    \"Thomas, 7th Earl of Northumberland, \u00c6tatis--su\u00e6--38, An^o Dom. 1566,\n    et Die Dec^o Juni.\"\n\nThis is copied word for word from the picture.\n\nP. W.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nMiscellaneous.\n\nNOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.\n\nEvery attempt, undertaken in a reverential spirit, to facilitate the\nlabours of the inquirer after Scripture truth, deserves especial favour at\nthe hands of those who may have the opportunity of directing public\nattention to such endeavours. _The Emphatic New Testament, according to the\nAuthorized Version, compared with the various Readings of the Vatican\nManuscripts. The Four Gospels. Edited, with an Introductory Essay on Greek\nEmphasis_, by John Taylor; which is an attempt to represent to the English\nreader certain peculiarities in the Greek text, is a work of this class,\nand therefore, without entering into any minute detail of the manner in\nwhich Mr. Taylor carries out his endeavour, we will let him speak for\nhimself on the subject of its results. \"If any one were known,\" says Mr.\nTaylor \"to be in possession of a copy of the Greek Testament so marked by\nits inspired writers as they would wish to have it read; and if the system\nof notation, when applied to the English translation, were found to be\n{550} equally efficacious in conferring distinction on the corresponding\nwords in that language, should we not deem it a great treasure, and be\neager to obtain a _marked copy_, esteeming it next to hearing the words in\nthe tone adopted by Our Lord and His Apostles? Yet something of this kind\nis offered to our notice in the present work; without altering the\nexpression, it often makes the meaning clearer; it adds certainty to many\nreadings, which before could only be founded on conjecture; and it may\naltogether be considered as a kind of running commentary of no less\nauthority than the original text.\"\n\nWe have received the first Part of Mr. Akerman's _Remains of Pagan\nSaxondom_, which contains engravings of some beautiful _Personal Ornaments\nfrom a Barrow near Devizes_; _of a Gold Buckle found at Ickworth, Suffolk_;\nand of the curious _Glass Vase found at Reculver_, now preserved in the\nCanterbury Museum. The price of the Part, half-a-crown to subscribers, is\napparently a high one; but it must be remembered that all the objects are\nrepresented of their natural size, so that the plates become in some\nmeasure a substitute for the antiquities themselves.\n\nThe Society of Antiquaries having, on the ballot taken on Thursday week,\nadopted the proposal to return to the old rate of subscription, we can only\nhope that all parties--those who so strenuously and honestly advocated the\nmeasure, and those who as strenuously and as honestly opposed it--will now\nmeet on the common principle by which both were actuated, a desire to\npromote the well-being of the Society, and co-operate in bringing forward\nthose judicious reforms, without which the present step would only be\ndelusion.\n\nWe are very glad to find, from the recently published Report of the\nCommissioners appointed to inquire and report concerning the ancient laws\nand institutes of Ireland, that Lord Eglintoun, the present Lord Lieutenant\nof Ireland, has recommended to the Treasury the immediate publication of\nthe Brehon Laws. In a very interesting letter from Dr. Jacob Grimm, which\nis appended to the Commissioners' Report, he well describes the benefits\nwhich will result from this measure of justice to the literature of\nIreland. \"To the historians and philologists of Europe,\" observes Dr.\nGrimm, \"a valuable and important monument of Irish antiquity remains as yet\nshut up. It is only suitable to the dignity of the Irish and British nation\nto effect the publication of the Brehon Laws, as has been already\naccomplished in the case of the laws of Wales.\"\n\nAfter this mention of Irish antiquities, we may remind such of our readers\nas may be desirous of promoting the very praiseworthy objects of _The\nKilkenny Arch\u00e6ological Society_, that they may still be supplied with\ncomplete copies of its Transactions upon payment of the four years'\nsubscription; and we scarcely know how they could better employ twenty\nshillings.\n\nBOOKS RECEIVED.--_Sketches in Canada, and Rambles among the Red Men_, by\nMrs. Jameson, which forms two Parts of Longman's _Traveller's Library_, is\na reprint, with the omission of all that was of a merely transient or\nmerely personal nature, or that has become obsolete in politics or\ncriticism, of this accomplished writer's _Winter Studies and Summer Rambles\nin Canada_. This graphic work will supply pleasant reading for a railway\njourney, and not be hastily thrown aside when the journey and its perusal\nare completed.--_The Valiant Little Tailor, and other Stories_; forming the\nsecond Part of the very satisfactory translation of Grimm's _Household\nStories_, which Addey and Co. are publishing, with admirable illustrations\nby Wehnert, for the especial delight and gratification of all \"Good Little\nMasters and Mistresses.\"\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nBOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES\n\nWANTED TO PURCHASE.\n\nPOETIC WREATH. 8vo. Newman.\n\nMALLET'S ELVIRA.\n\nSCOTT'S MARMION.\n\n---- LADY OF THE LAKE.\n\n---- LAY OF THE LAST MINSTREL. The original 4to. editions in boards.\nWhittingham.\n\nMAGNA CHARTA; a Sermon at the Funeral of Lady Farewell, by George Newton.\nLondon, 1661.\n\nBOOTHBY'S SORROWS SACRED TO THE MEMORY OF PENELOPE. Cadell and Davies.\n1796.\n\nCHAUCER'S POEMS. Vol. I. Aldine Edition.\n\nBIBLIA SACRA, Vulg. Edit., cum Commentar. Menochii. Alost and Ghent, 1826.\nVol. I.\n\nBARANTE, DUCS DE BOURGOGNE. Vols. I. and II. 1st, 2nd, or 3rd Edit. Paris.\nLadvocat, 1825.\n\nBIOGRAPHIA AMERICANA, by a Gentleman of Philadelphia.\n\nPOTGIESERI DE CONDITIONE SERVORUM APUD GERMANOS. 8vo. Col. Agrip.\n\nTHE BRITISH POETS. Whittingham's edition in 100 Vols., with plates.\n\nREPOSITORY OF PATENTS AND INVENTIONS. Vol. XLV. 2nd Series. 1824.\n\n------------------------------ Vol. V. 3rd Series. 1827.\n\nNICHOLSON'S PHILOSOPHICAL JOURNAL. Vols. XIV. XV. 1806.\n\nJOURNAL OF THE ROYAL INSTITUTION OF GREAT BRITAIN. No. XI. 2nd Series.\n\nSOROCOLD'S BOOK OF DEVOTIONS.\n\nWORKS OF ISAAC BARROW, D.D., late Master of Trinity College, Cambridge.\nLondon, 1683. Vol. I. Folio.\n\nLINGARD'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND. Vols. VI. VII. VIII. IX. XII. XIII., cloth.\n\nFABRICII BIBLIOTHECA LATINA. Ed. Ernesti. Leipsig, 1773. Vol. III.\n\nTHE ANACALYPSIS. By Godfrey Higgins. 2 Vols. 4to.\n\nCODEX DIPLOMATICUS \u00c6VI SAXONICI, opera J. M. Kemble. Vols. I. and II. 8vo.\n\nECKHEL, DOCTRINA NUMORUM. Vol. VIII.\n\nBROUGHAM'S MEN OF LETTERS. 2nd Series, royal 8vo., boards. Original\nedition.\n\nKNIGHT'S PICTORIAL SHAKSPEARE. Royal 8vo. Parts XLII. XLIII. XLIV. L. and\nLI.\n\nCONDER'S ANALYTICAL VIEW OF ALL RELIGIONS. 8vo.\n\nHALLIWELL ON THE DIALECTS OF SOMERSETSHIRE.\n\nSCLOPETARIA, or REMARKS ON RIFLES, &c.\n\nGEMS FROM THE BRITISH POETS, 4 Vols., Tyas, may be had on application to\nthe Publisher.\n\n*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be\nsent to MR. BELL, Publisher of \"NOTES AND QUERIES,\" 186. Fleet Street.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nNotices to Correspondents.\n\nREPLIES RECEIVED.--_St. Botulph--Poem on Burning of the Houses of\nParliament--Passage from Crabb--Sir John Trenchard--Bullen\nFamily--Serjeants' Rings-- The Word \"Devil\"--The Heavy Shove--Etymology of\n\"Mushroom\"--The Ring Finger--The Amber Witch--Descendants of John\nRogers--St. Patrick--Spanish Vessels wrecked on the Irish Coast--Sons of\nthe Conqueror--Hog's Norton--\"Cane Decane\"--Dutch Manufactories of\nPorcelain--Proclamations respecting Use of Coal--Royal \"We\"--Carling\nSunday._\n\nA SUBSCRIBER FROM THE COMMENCEMENT _is thanked for his very excellent\nsuggestion on the subject of our Index_.\n\n_We have to apologise to many Subscribers for not replying to\ncommunications; but even Editors may sometimes have more than they can do._\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n{551}\n\nPLAIN SERMONS addressed to a Country Congregation. By the late Rev. EDWARD\nBLENCOWE, Curate of Teversal, and formerly Fellow of Oriel College, Oxford.\n3 vols. foolscap 8vo. cloth, 7s. 6d. each. Sold separately.\n\n    \"The numerous possessors of Mr. Blencowe's former plain but excellent\n    volumes will be glad to receive the third series of his 'Plain Sermons\n    addressed to a Country Congregation,' similar in character and texture\n    to the two series which have preceded it.\"--_Guardian._\n\n    \"Their style is simple; the sentences are not artfully constructed; and\n    there is an utter absence of all attempt at rhetoric. The language is\n    plain Saxon language, from which 'the men on the wall' can easily\n    gather what it most concerns them to know.\n\n    \"Again, the range of thought is not high and difficult, but level and\n    easy for the wayfaring man to follow. It is quite evident that the\n    author's mind was able and cultivated, yet, as a teacher to men of low\n    estate, he makes no display of eloquence or argument.\n\n    \"In the statements of Christian doctrine, the reality of Mr. Blencowe's\n    mind is very striking. There is a strength and a warmth, and a life, in\n    his mention of the great truths of the Gospel, which show that he spoke\n    from the heart, and that, like the Apostle of old, he could say,--'I\n    believe, and therefore have I spoken.'\n\n    \"His affectionateness too is no less conspicuous; this is shown in the\n    gentle, earnest, kind-hearted tone of every Sermon in the book. There\n    is no scolding, no asperity of language, no irritation of manner about\n    them. At the same time there is no over-strained tenderness, nor\n    affectation of endearment; but there is a considerate, serious concern\n    about the peculiar sins and temptations of the people committed to his\n    charge, and a hearty desire and determined effort for their\n    salvation.\"--_Theologian._\n\nTHIRTY SERMONS. By the Rev. ALFRED GATTY, M.A., Vicar of Ecclesfield. 2\nvols. 12mo. Cloth, 8s. each.\n\n    \"Sermons of a high and solid character, and the production of a good\n    Churchman. They are earnest and affectionate, and follow out the\n    Church's doctrine.\"--_Theologian._\n\n    \"Of all the sermons I have ever seen, they are by far the best adapted\n    to such congregations as I have had to preach to, at any rate, in my\n    opinion; and as a further proof of their adaptation to the people's\n    wants--and indeed the best proof that could be given--I have been\n    requested by some of my parishioners to lend them sermons which were\n    almost verbatim et literatim transcripts of yours. That you may judge\n    of the extent to which I have been indebted to you, I may mention that\n    out of about seventy sermons which I preached at W----, five or six\n    were Paley's, and fifteen or sixteen yours. For my own credit's sake I\n    must add, that all the rest were entirely my own.\"--_Extracted from the\n    Letter of a Stranger to the Author._\n\nSERMONS ON THE DOCTRINES AND THE MEANS OF GRACE, and on the SEVEN WORDS\nfrom the CROSS. By GEORGE TREVOR, M.A., Canon of York. 12mo. Cloth, 6s.\n\n    \"A volume of excellent, sound sermons, admirably suited to answer the\n    end for which they were preached and are published, the promotion of\n    practical piety. An additional interest attaches to them on account of\n    recent circumstances connected with the writer's name, as they more\n    than sufficiently attest his fitness for pulpit ministrations in the\n    English Church. They are well calculated also for family\n    reading.\"--_John Bull._\n\n    \"There is much, certainly, in these sermons, to attract and reward\n    attention. The subject precludes novelty in their essence, nor does\n    there seem much attempt at originality in their method and style of\n    treatment. But the sermons are manly and earnest in their resolution to\n    look the truth in the face, and to enforce it against a prejudiced\n    resistance, of which the writer evidently knows but too much; and they\n    show, moreover, a true conception of the tone by which that resistance\n    is to be met.... The more valuable part, after all, of Mr. Trevor's\n    present volume is, the set of Sermons on 'The Seven Words,' because\n    they are practical, and are raised by their solemn theme high above the\n    limits of controversy, which, necessary as it is, is yet the earthly\n    part of theology.\"--_Scottish Episcopal Journal._\n\nGEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nSPECIMENS\n\nOF\n\nTILE PAVEMENTS.\n\nDRAWN FROM EXISTING AUTHORITIES\n\nBY\n\nHENRY SHAW, F.S.A.\n\nAlthough some few examples of the original designs, and many separate\npatterns taken from the scattered remains of these most interesting\nPavements, are figured in divers Architectural and Arch\u00e6ological\nPublications; it is presumed, that if a series of specimens of the many\nvarieties of general arrangement to be found in those still existing,\ntogether with a selection of the particular Tiles of each period, the most\nremarkable for the elegance and beauty of the foliage and other devices\nimpressed upon them, were classed chronologically, and brought within the\ncompass of a single volume, it would prove highly valuable as a work of\nreference; not only to architects, but to to all who are engaged in\nfurnishing designs for any kind of material where symmetrical arrangements\nor tasteful diaperings are required.\n\nThe present work is intended to supply such a desideratum. It will be\ncompleted in Ten Monthly Parts. Each Part to contain Five Plates, royal\n4to. printed in Colours. Price 5s.\n\nA Preface and Description of the various Pavements will be given with the\nlast Number.\n\nNo. I. was published on the 1st of May, 1852.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nWorks by Mr. Shaw.\n\nDRESSES AND DECORATIONS OF THE MIDDLE AGES. In 2 vols. coloured, imperial\n8vo. price 7l. 7s.; or on imperial 4to. the plates more highly finished and\nheightened with gold, price 18l.\n\nILLUMINATED ORNAMENTS. From the sixth to the seventeenth century. Selected\nfrom Manuscripts and early printed books, carefully coloured from the\nOriginals, with descriptions by Sir Frederick Madden, K.H. In 1 vol. 4to.\n5l. 5s.; or on large paper, highly finished with opaque colours, and\nheightened with gold, imperial 4to. 10l. 10s.\n\nALPHABETS, NUMERALS, and DEVICES of the MIDDLE AGES. Containing 48 Plates,\non imperial 8vo. price 2l. 2s.; or on imperial 4to. price 4l. 4s.\n\nSPECIMENS OF ANCIENT FURNITURE. Drawn from existing authorities, with\ndescriptions by Sir Samuel R. Meyrick, K.H. In 1 vol. containing 75 Plates,\nmedium 4to. plain, 2l. 2s.; with numerous coloured Plates, 4l. 4s.; or on\nimperial 4to. the whole of the Plates coloured, price 10l. 10s.\n\nSPECIMENS OF ORNAMENTAL METAL WORK. With 50 Plates, 4to. price 2l. 2s.\n\nSPECIMENS of the DETAILS of ELIZABETHAN ARCHITECTURE. In 1 vol. 4to.\ncontaining 60 Plates, price 3l. 3s.; or imperial 4to. India paper, 6l. 6s.\n\nTHE ENCYCLOP\u00c6DIA OF ORNAMENT. In 1 vol. medium 4to. price 1l. 10s.; or on\nimperial 4to. coloured Plates, price 3l.\n\nA BOOKE OF SUNDRY DRAUGHTES, principally serving for Glaziers: and not\nimpertinent for Plasterers and Gardeners, besides sundry other Professions.\nBy Walter Gidde. A new edition, with additions. 1 vol. 8vo. containing 117\nPlates, 16s.\n\nTHE DECORATIVE ARTS of the MIDDLE AGES. In 1 vol. imperial 8vo. price 2l.\n2s.; in imperial 4to. price 4l. 4s.; or with the whole of the Plates and\nWoodcuts highly coloured and the initial letters carefully illuminated,\nprice 8l. 8s.\n\nLondon: WILLIAM PICKERING.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nPreparing for publication, in Numbers at 3s. each (to Subscribers 2s. 6d.),\n\nREMAINS OF PAGAN SAXONDOM, principally from Tumuli in England. Drawn from\nthe Originals. Described and illustrated by JOHN YONGE AKERMAN, Fellow and\nSecretary of the Society of Antiquaries of London. The Engravings or\nLithographs will, if possible, in every case be of the actual size of the\nobjects represented. The First Number will appear as soon as the names of\nTwo Hundred Subscribers have been received.\n\nSubscribers are requested to forward their Names to the care of\n\nMR. JOHN RUSSELL SMITH, 36. Soho Square, London.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nNow ready, Two New Volumes (price 28s. cloth) of\n\nTHE JUDGES OF ENGLAND and the Courts at Westminster. By EDWARD FOSS, F.S.A.\n\n  Volume Three, 1272-1377.\n  Volume Four, 1377-1485.\n\nLately published, price 28s. cloth,\n\n  Volume One, 1066-1199.\n  Volume Two, 1199-1272.\n\n    \"A book which is essentially sound and truthful, and must therefore\n    take its stand in the permanent literature of our country.\"--_Gent.\n    Mag._\n\nLondon: LONGMAN & CO.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\nTHE PRIM\u00c6VAL ANTIQUITIES OF ENGLAND ILLUSTRATED BY THOSE OF DENMARK.\n\nTHE PRIM\u00c6VAL ANTIQUITIES OF DENMARK. By J. J. A. WORSAAE, Member of the\nRoyal Society of Antiquaries of Copenhagen. Translated and applied to the\nillustration of similar Remains in England, by WILLIAM J. THOMS, F.S.A.\nSecretary of the Camden Society. 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Catalogues may be\nobtained on application.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n    Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5.\n    New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London;\n    and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish\n    of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No.\n    186. Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, June 5. 1852.","title":"Notes and Queries, Number 136, June 5, 1852: A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.","tradition":"myth-cosmogony","translated_text":null,"word_count":23149}