{"collection":"myth-cosmogony","full_text_available":true,"graph_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/v2/api/page/gutenberg_42889/graph","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/v2/page/gutenberg_42889","id":"gutenberg_42889","license":"Public Domain (US)","rights_basis":"gutenberg_metadata_copyright_false","source":"gutenberg","source_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/42889","summary":null,"tags":["Astrology","Category: Mythology, Legends & Folklore","Category: Religion/Spirituality","Palmistry","Physiognomy"],"text":"THE INFLUENCE OF THE STARS\n\nPLYMOUTH\nWILLIAM BRENDON AND SON\nPRINTERS\n\n\n [Illustration: WHEEL OF PYTHAGORAS. FACSIMILE FROM AN OLD WOODCUT\n DATE. 1657.\n\n _Frontispiece and Cover._]\n\n\n\n\nTHE INFLUENCE OF THE STARS\n\nA Book of Old World Lore\n\n\nBY\n\n_ROSA BAUGHAN_\n\nAUTHOR OF \"THE HANDBOOK OF PALMISTRY\"; \"CHARACTER IN HANDWRITING\";\nETC., ETC.\n\n\n_IN THREE PARTS_\n\nPART I. ASTROLOGY.\nPART II. CHIROMANCY\nPART III. PHYSIOGNOMY\n\nTO WHICH ARE ADDED\n\nCHAPTERS ON THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE MOLES OF THE BODY ASTROLOGICALLY\nCONSIDERED,\n\nTHE MYSTICAL WHEEL OF PYTHAGORAS AND THE METHODS OF WORKING IT\n\n\nFOURTH EDITION,\nREVISED AND ENLARGED BY THE AUTHOR\n\n_ILLUSTRATED WITH TEN PLATES_\n\nLONDON\nKEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TR\u00dcBNER & CO., LTD.\nDRYDEN HOUSE, GERRARD STREET, SOHO\n1904\n\n\n\n\nTranscriber's Note: Minor typographical errors have been corrected\nwithout note. Dialect spellings, contractions and inconsistencies in\nthe text have been retained as printed. Words enclosed by square\nbrackets replace the symbol, as it is not possible to represent the\nsymbol itself in plain text.\n\n\n\n\n \"Ye stars which are the poetry of Heaven!\n If, in your bright leaves we read the fate\n Of men and empires--'tis to be forgiven,\n That in our aspirations to be great,\n Our destinies o'erleap this mortal state\n And claim a kindred with you; for ye are\n A beauty and a mystery and create\n In us such love and reverence from afar,\n That Life, Fame, Power, and Fortune have named themselves a star.\"\n\n Byron.\n\n\n\n\nCONTENTS\n\n\nPart I.\n\nASTROLOGY\n\nCHAPTER PAGE\n\n\n I. ASTROLOGY 4\n\n II. THE ALPHABET OF ASTROLOGY 12\n\n III. CONCERNING THE SIGNS OF THE ZODIAC 17\n\n IV. OF THE NATURES OF THE SEVEN PLANETS AND OF THEIR\nESSENTIAL AND ACCIDENTAL DIGNITIES 23\n\n V. OF THE INFLUENCES OF THE SEVEN PLANETS 34\n\n VI. CONCERNING THE TWELVE HOUSES OF HEAVEN AND THEIR POWERS 50\n\n VII. AN EXPLANATION OF VARIOUS TERMS USED IN ASTROLOGY 54\n\n VIII. OF THE FIGURE OF THE HEAVENS 59\n\n IX. OF THE INFLUENCES OF THE FIXED STARS 65\n\n X. OF THE EFFECT OF EACH PLANET IN EACH OF THE TWELVE\nHOUSES 70\n\n XI. ON FORMING A GENERAL JUDGMENT ON A NATIVITY 76\n\n XII. CONCERNING DIRECTIONS AND HORARY QUESTIONS 92\n\n XIII. SOLAR HOROSCOPES 103\n\n XIV. APHORISMS CULLED FROM THE WORKS OF PTOLEMY AND OTHER\nANCIENT ASTROLOGERS 120\n\n\nPART II.\n\nCHIROMANCY\n\n XV. CHIROMANCY AND ITS ORIGIN 125\n\n XVI. CONCERNING THE PRINCIPAL LINES IN THE HAND AND THE\nMOUNTS 129\n\n XVII. THE LINE OF LIFE 137\n\n XVIII. THE LINE OF HEART AND LINE OF HEAD 143\n\n XIX. THE SATURNIAN LINE 150\n\n XX. THE LINE OF THE SUN AND LINE OF HEALTH 155\n\n XXI. ON THE RING OF VENUS, THE WRIST LINES AND THE LETTER\nM TO BE SEEN IN MOST HANDS 160\n\n XXII. CONCERNING CHANCE LINES; THAT IS, LINES WHICH ARE\nSOMETIMES--BUT ONLY RARELY--SEEN ON ANY HAND 166\n\n XXIII. CONCERNING THE FINGERS AND THUMB AND NAILS 169\n\n XXIV. OF THE VARIOUS MARKS TO BE SEEN ON THE HAND 177\n\n XXV. THE TRIANGLE, THE QUADRANGLE AND THE HAPPY HAND 182\n\n\nPart III.\n\nPHYSIOGNOMY\n\n XXVI. PHYSIOGNOMY 185\n\n XXVII. THE FOREHEAD AND EYEBROWS 194\n\nXXVIII. THE EYES AND EYELASHES 201\n\n XXIX. THE NOSE 211\n\n XXX. THE MOUTH, TEETH, JAW AND CHIN 221\n\n XXXI. THE HAIR AND EARS 231\n\n XXXII. THE SIGNATURES OF THE PLANETS 237\n\nXXXIII. THE MOLES ON THE FACE 246\n\n XXXIV. MOLES HAVING NO CORRESPONDING MOLES ON THE FACE 254\n\n XXXV. THE ZODIACAL MARKS 258\n\n XXXVI. CONCERNING ALFRIDARIES 263\n\nXXXVII. CONCERNING THE WHEEL OF PYTHAGORAS AND THE METHOD\nOF WORKING IT 267\n\n\n\n\nLIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS\n\n\nWHEEL OF PYTHAGORAS _Frontispiece and Cover_\n\nTHE EARTH _To face Chapter VI._\n\nNATUS. 9TH JANUARY, 1889 \" \" _VIII._\n\nFACSIMILE OF A MAP OF A HORARY QUESTION FROM LILLY'S\n\"ASTROLOGY\" \" \" _XII._\n\nPRINCIPAL LINES ON THE PALM OF THE HAND \" \" _XVI._\n\nTHE LINE OF LIFE \" \" _XVII._\n\nCHANCE LINES ON THE HAND \" \" _XXII._\n\nVARIOUS MARKS ON THE HAND \" \" _XXIV._\n\nTHE HAPPY HAND \" \" _XXV._\n\nTHE PLANETS' PLACES ON THE FACE \" \" _XXVII._\n\nALFRIDARY TABLE \" \" _XXXVI._\n\n\n\n\nFOREWORD\n\n\nOf all subjects that have at any time engaged the attention of the\nworld, there is none more ancient than astrology. In the East--where it\nfirst arose at a period of very remote antiquity--it still holds sway\nand in every part of the world (especially among the learned) it\nreigned supreme until the middle of the seventeenth century. That it\nnot only ruled the daily actions of individuals but swayed the councils\nof princes, is shown by the records of every nation that has a history\n(and by none more fully than by that of England); yet the present\ngeneration seems never, until quite lately, to have cared to inquire on\nwhat basis this belief could have been for so many ages supported.\nDuring the past ten years, however--possibly from a reaction growing\nout of the realism by which we have been so long oppressed--a new\ninterest in these old-world beliefs has sprung up and it is to satisfy\nthat interest that this book (containing the results of many years'\nstudy) was written.\n\nChiromancy and Physiognomy are both based on astrology and are,\ntherefore, quite in place as the second and third parts of a work\ntreating of the influence of the stars. Many of the modern writers on\nChiromancy seem disposed to deny its affinity to astrology, with which\nit is, however, inseparably connected. Dr. Saunders, in the preface to\nhis exhaustive work on Chiromancy and Physiognomy, published in 1671,\nand dedicated to his friend Lilly, the great astrologer, says: \"For our\nmore orderly proceeding with the body of this work, it is in the first\nplace necessary to be observed that there are seven planets, named\n_Stell\u00e6 Errantes_--wandering stars--which have each of them its\nseparate character as they are used in astrologie; the which stars have\ngreat power over inferior bodies and do, each of them, govern some part\nor other of man's body and they _especially have their material\nexistence in the hand_ and without astrology Chiromancy could not\nsubsist and be subservient to true wisdom.\"\n\nNow, why, in the face of this and many other equally forcible words\namong the old-world authorities, do the modern writers try to force\ntheir own crude theories upon us? To drag the time-honoured study of\nChiromancy into the turmoil of nineteenth-century existence and--by\nrobbing it of its mysticism--to strain it into unison with the realism\nof modern thought, strikes the earnest student with the same sense of\nincongruity as would the hanging of a carnival mask over the mystically\ncalm features of an antique statue.\n\nROSA BAUGHAN.\n\n_November, 1904._\n\n\n\n\nTHE INFLUENCE OF THE STARS\n\n\n\n\nASTROLOGY\n\n \"To doubt the influence of the stars is to doubt the wisdom and\n providence of God.\"--TYCHO BRAHE.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER I.\n\nThat a certain power, derived from \u00e6thereal nature, pervades the whole\nearth, is clearly evident to all. Fire and air are altered by the\nmotions of the \u00e6ther, and these elements, in their turn, encompassing\nall inferior matter, vary it, as they themselves are varied, acting\nequally on earth and water, on plants and animals. The Sun, not only by\nthe change of the seasons, brings to perfection the embryo of animals,\nthe buds of plants and the springs of water, but also, by his daily\nmovement, brings light, heat, moisture, dryness and cold.\n\nThe Moon, being of all the heavenly bodies the nearest to earth, has\nalso much influence, and things animate and inanimate sympathise and\nvary with her. By her changes rivers swell or are reduced, the tides of\nthe sea are ruled by her risings and settings, and animals and plants\nare influenced as she waxes or wanes. The stars also produce in the\nambient[1] many impressions, causing heats, winds and storms, to the\ninfluence of which earthly things are subjected. The force of the Sun,\nhowever, predominates, because it is more generally distributed; the\nothers either co-operate with his power or diminish its effects. The\nMoon more frequently does this at her first and last quarter; the stars\nact also in the same way, but at longer intervals and more obscurely\nthan the Moon. From this it follows that not only all bodies which may\nbe already in existence are subjected to the motion of the stars, but\nalso that the impregnation and growth of the seeds from which all\nbodies proceed are moulded by the quality in the ambient at the time of\nsuch impregnation and growth. When, therefore, a person has acquired a\nthorough knowledge of the stars (not of what they are composed, but of\nthe _influences_ they possess), he will be able to predict the mental\nand physical qualities and the future events in the existence of any\none whose actual moment of birth is accurately given to him. But the\nscience of astrology demands great study, a good memory, constant\nattention to a multitude of different points and much power of\ndeductive judgment; and those persons who undertake to cast horoscopes\nwithout possessing these qualities, must necessarily make frequent\nmistakes in their judgments, which, perhaps, accounts for much of the\ndisbelief which exists as regards the power of astrology; but it is\nunfair to blame the science for inaccuracies which are only the result\nof the ignorance of its exponents. No one should attempt to pronounce\njudgments on the influence of the stars without having first given\nyears of study to the subject; and even then, unless he should have\nbeen born under certain influences,[2] he will never become a\nproficient astrologer.\n\n [1] The ambient means the heavens when spoken of in a general\n manner.\n\n [2] Saturn, Mercury and the Moon.\n\nThe practice of observing the stars began in Egypt in the reign of\nAmmon (about a thousand years before the Christian era), and was spread\nby conquest in the reign of his successor into the other parts of\nAfrica, Asia, and Europe; but it appears to have been taught in the\nearliest ages by oral tradition only, for there is no good evidence of\nits having been reduced to written rules before some years after the\nfirst century of the Christian era, when Claudius Ptolemy (who was born\nand educated in Alexandria) produced a work called _Tetra-biblos_,\nor _Quadripartite_, being four books of the influences of the stars. In\nthis treatise (translated into English by John Whalley--Professor of\nAstrology--in the year of 1786) Ptolemy seems to have collected all\nthat which appeared to him of importance in the science. Another\ntranslation of the _Tetra-biblos_, rendered into English from the Greek\nparaphrase of that work by Proclus, was made in 1822 by J. M. Ashmand\nand this is, by most people, preferred to the translation made by\nWhalley. Somewhere between 1647 and 1657, Placidus di Titus, a Spanish\nmonk, published a system of astrology, founded, to a great extent, upon\nPtolemy's calculations. This work was printed in Latin and is called\nthe _Primum Mobile_, or _First Mover_, and was translated by John\nCooper in 1816; other translations have appeared, but his is the best\namong them.\n\nThe planetary orbs, which the ancients recognised as having the most\npowerful influence, were seven in number (now known under the Latin\nnames of the principal deities of the heathen mythology), viz.:\nJupiter, Saturn, the Sun, Mercury, Venus, Mars and the Moon.\n\nIt may be objected that science has long since revealed to us many more\nplanets than the seven known to the ancients; but, in considering a\nstudy so mystical as that of astrology, it is better to adhere to the\ntheories of the old-world writers. In the earliest ages almost all the\ninhabitants of the earth led pastoral lives--were, in fact, merely\nshepherds--but amongst these shepherds there naturally arose, from time\nto time, men of superior intelligence, whose imaginations (purified and\nstrengthened by solitude and the constant communion with Nature which\ngrew out of that solitude) led them to the study of those distant\nlights which they saw, night after night, appear and disappear in the\nwide expanse of the heavens above them. Of purer lives and more\nimpressionable than we moderns, they were necessarily more open to the\ninfluences of nature; and all their thoughts being given to the study\nof the mysteries by which they felt themselves surrounded, their\nintuitive perception is likely to be a safer guide on mystical subjects\nthan the scientific conjectures of our day. Besides, as the results\nproduced by their methods were astoundingly correct, why should we\nimagine ourselves capable of bettering their theories? Jupiter, Saturn,\nMars and Mercury are _still_ the most important planets, whilst the\nMoon (though so small) has a more subtle influence in consequence of\nher nearness to us; whilst of the Sun's power over us and the whole\ncreation there can, of course, be no question. Each of these seven\nplanets is in the ascendant once during the space of the twenty-four\nhours forming the day and night; and according to the junction of two\nor more planets under which a person is born, his outward appearance,\ncharacter and fate, will be influenced. The sign of the zodiac, too,\nunder which a child comes into the world, possesses a power to produce\na particular form of body and mental inclination, always, however,\n_subject to the influence_ of the seven planets.\n\nIt must also be borne in mind that the planets dominating the lives of\nboth parents would, to a certain extent, have an influence not only\nduring the pre-natal period of our existence, but also in arresting or\nhurrying forward the moment of our advent into life. The father's\ninfluence is strong at the moment of conception; the mother's during\nthe whole period of pre-natal existence. In this way we can account for\nthe resemblance between parents and children, and also for the physical\nand mental qualities which we see constantly reproduced through a long\nline of ancestry. It is rarely that one planet is the sole influence of\na life, for the child at birth may, and more generally does, receive\ninfluences from several planets, and some not those of the father or\nmother; and thus we can account for the innumerable differences of mind\nand body to be found among members of the same family.\n\nFor the benefit of those who object that there is too great a leaning\nto what they would call \"the dangerous doctrine of fatalism\" in these\nold-world beliefs, it may be well to quote a few reassuring words from\na very able and voluminous writer on these subjects, Dr. Richard\nSaunders, who modestly styles himself on the title-page of his learned\nwork (published in 1671) student in astrology and physic. \"The stars,\"\nhe says, \"have such an influential power over us that we act by them\nand, though _they are but second causes_, their influences do so\nnecessitate us that we cannot avoid their fatality, _unless_ we have\nrecourse to the First Cause which governs this all.\" In other words,\nthough the stars influence us, God rules the stars.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER II.\n\nTHE ALPHABET OF ASTROLOGY\n\n\nThe Science of Astrology consists of four branches, namely, _Mundane\nAstrology_, which is the art of foreseeing, by the aspect of the stars,\nat certain periods, the events likely to happen to nations, such as\npestilences, wars, inundations and earthquakes; _Atmospherical\nAstrology_, which is the art of foreseeing, by the positions of the\nheavenly bodies, the quality of the weather at any particular time or\nplace; _the Casting of Nativities_, or the art of foretelling, from the\nposition of the stars at the moment of birth, the fate and character of\nthe native; and _Horary Astrology_, or the art of foreseeing, by the\npositions of the heavens at the moment, the result of any business or\ncircumstance.\n\nAs the two former branches are treated in the astrological almanacks\nissued every year by Zadkiel, Raphael, Orion, and others, it is\nneedless to go into them; but as the casting of nativities and the\nanswering of horary questions require individual treatment, the working\nof these two branches of astrology (_after the ancient methods_) shall\nbe described as clearly as possible.\n\nBefore the student can do anything in astrology he must master its\nalphabet--that is, he must make himself thoroughly acquainted with the\nsymbols used to represent the planets, the signs of the zodiac and the\naspects.\n\nThe planets recognised by the ancient astrologers are, as we have seen,\nseven in number, and are as follows, with their symbols:--Saturn,\n[symbol]; Jupiter, [symbol]; Mars, [symbol]; Sol, [symbol]; Venus,\n[symbol]; Mercury, [symbol]; Luna, [symbol].\n\nThere are also the Dragon's Head, thus symbolised, [symbol]; and the\nDragon's Tail, [symbol]. These are neither planets nor signs of the\nzodiac, nor constellations, but are only the nodes or points where the\necliptic is crossed by the Moon. One of these points looks northward,\nwhere the Moon begins her northern latitude, and the other points\nsouthward, where she commences her south latitude. The head of the\nDragon is considered of a benevolent nature; the tail of the Dragon is\nof evil tendency.\n\nThere are also the twelve signs of the zodiac, which are as follows,\nwith their symbols:--\n\n NORTHERN. SOUTHERN.\n\n [symbol] Aries [symbol] Libra\n\n [symbol] Taurus [symbol] Scorpio\n\n [symbol] Gemini [symbol] Sagittarius\n\n [symbol] Cancer [symbol] Capricorn\n\n [symbol] Leo [symbol] Aquarius\n\n [symbol] Virgo [symbol] Pisces\n\nThrough these twelve signs the planets continually move, and are ever\nin one or other of them.\n\nThey are divided into _north_ and _south_. The first six, from Aries\nto Virgo, are _northern_; the latter six, from Libra to Pisces, are\n_southern_; this is because the Sun and planets when in the first six\nare north of the equator, and when in the last six they are south of\nthat line.\n\nEach point of the zodiac rises and sets once every twenty-four hours,\noccasioned by the earth's revolution on its axis once every day;\ntherefore, when any given point is _rising_, the opposite point must be\n_setting_.[3]\n\n [3] Aries is always opposite to Libra; Taurus to Scorpio; and\n so on of all the rest, as shown by the table given (p. 11).\n\nAs the zodiac consists of 360 degrees from the first point of Aries\nuntil we come to that point again, and as these are divided into twelve\nportions or signs, they must consist of 30 degrees each.\n\nThe aspects are five in number; they represent certain positions which\nthe planets bear to each other as they move through the signs of the\nzodiac; they are as follows, with their symbols:--\n\n [Symbol] Conjunction], when two planets are in the same place, viz.,\n in same degree of the same sign.\n\n [Symbol] Sextile, when they are 60 degrees or two signs apart.\n\n [Symbol] Square, when they are 90 degrees or three signs apart.\n\n [Symbol] Trine, when they are 120 degrees or four signs apart.\n\n [Symbol] Opposition, when they are 180 degrees or six signs\n asunder.\n\nThe conjunction ([symbol]) is rather a position than an aspect, as\nplanets can hardly be said to aspect each other when they are in the\nsame place. When Saturn is in the first degree of Aries, and any planet\nin the same degree of that sign, they are said to be in conjunction;\nthis is good or evil, according to the nature of the planets thus\nposited.\n\nThe Trine ([symbol]) is the most powerful of all the good aspects.\n\nThe Sextile ([symbol]) is favourable.\n\nThe Square ([symbol]) is evil.\n\nThe Opposition ([symbol]) is also very evil.\n\nThere are several other aspects (sometimes called the \"modern aspects\")\ninvented by Kepler; but as they only appear to complicate what is at\nbest a very intricate study, it is best to ignore them and adhere in\nthis, as in the matter of the planets, to the old methods.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER III.\n\nCONCERNING THE SIGNS OF THE ZODIAC\n\n\nThe zodiac is a band or belt, measuring about 14 degrees in breadth,\nbut, as Venus sometimes appears to have more than her real latitude,\nit is more correctly considered to be 18 degrees in breadth. The\n_ecliptic_, or path of the Sun, passes exactly through the centre of\nthe zodiac, longitudinally.\n\nThe ancients divided the zodiac into _ten signs_--Libra being\nomitted altogether, Virgo and Scorpio being merged into one, thus:\nVirgo-Scorpio. This accounts for the similarity of their symbols,\n[Virgo] [Scorpio].\n\nPtolemy divides the zodiac into twelve equal parts, of 30 degrees each.\nHe says: \"The beginning of the whole zodiacal circle (which in its\nnature as a circle can have no other beginning or end capable of being\ndetermined) is, therefore, assumed to be the sign Aries, which\ncommences at the vernal equinox in March.\"\n\nOne of the many objections urged against Ptolemy's system of astrology\nis that the signs are continually moving from their positions; but\nPtolemy seems to have been aware of this motion of the signs, and has\nmet this objection by what he says in the twenty-fifth chapter of the\nfirst book of the _Tetra-biblos_, where he makes it clear that the\nrespective influences he ascribes to the twelve signs were considered\nby him to belong rather to the _places_ they occupied in the ambient\nthan to the stars of which they are composed; and he especially speaks\nof the _ambient_ as producing the effects attributed to the respective\nsigns of the zodiac when in the ascendant in a nativity; thus his\nastrology is just as applicable to modern astronomy as it was to his\nown.\n\nThe signs have been divided into four _triplicities_, thus: _fiery_\n[Aries], [Leo ], [Sagittarius]; _earthy_, [Taurus], [Virgo],\n[Capricorn]; _airy_, [Gemini], [Libra], [Aquarius]; and _watery_,\n[Cancer], [Scorpio], [Pisces].\n\nThe _bicorporal_, or double-bodied, signs are [Gemini], [Pisces], and\nthe first half of [Sagittarius]. The _fruitful_ signs are [Cancer],\n[Scorpio], [Pisces]; the barren signs are [Gemini], [Leo], and\n[Capricorn].\n\nThese descriptions are useful in showing the modifications brought to\nbear (by the sign ascending) on the planet's influence. But, when no\nplanets are in or near the ascendant at birth, the following\ndescriptions of the temperament and form of body produced by each sign\nascending at birth should be used.\n\nAries ([symbol]) is a hot and fiery sign and produces a lean body,\nspare and strong, large bones, grey eyes, with a quick glance and sandy\nor red-coloured hair. The temper is violent. It governs the head and\nface; its colour is white.\n\nTaurus ([symbol]) differs greatly, in its effects, from the preceding\nsign; it is cold and dry, and gives a broad brow and thick lips. A\nperson born under it is melancholy and slow to anger but, when roused,\nfurious and difficult to be appeased. It governs the neck and throat;\nits colour is red.\n\nGemini ([symbol]) is in nature hot and moist and produces a person of\nstraight, tall body, sanguine complexion, brilliant eyes and light\nbrown hair. The temperament of those born under Gemini is lively and\nthe understanding good. This sign governs the arms and shoulders; its\ncolours are red and white.\n\nCancer ([symbol]) is by nature cold and moist; it produces a native\nfair and pale, short in stature, with a round face, sand-coloured brown\nhair and grey eyes. Those born under it are phlegmatic, indolent and\ngentle tempered. Women born under this sign generally have many\nchildren. It governs the breast and stomach; its colours are green and\nrusset-brown.\n\nLeo ([symbol]) is a fiery, hot and dry sign. When it rises at birth\nwithout any planet being near the ascendant, the native will be of tall\nstature, with yellow hair, ruddy complexion and oval face, and he will\nhave a quick glance and a strong voice. It governs the heart, the back\nand the neck; its colours are red and green.\n\nVirgo ([symbol]) is an earthy, cold, barren, feminine sign. When it\nascends, it shows a well-formed body, slender and tall, straight,\ndark-brown hair and a round face. The mind of the native is ingenious,\nbut rather inconstant. It governs the belly; its colour is black\nspeckled with blue.\n\nLibra ([symbol]) is an a\u00ebrial, sanguine, masculine, hot and moist sign.\nRising at birth it produces a well-made body, with long limbs, an oval\nand beautiful face, sanguine complexion, straight flaxen hair and grey\neyes. Those born under it are courteous, just and honourable. It\ngoverns the loins; and the colours under its rule are black, crimson\nand tawny.\n\nScorpio ([symbol]) is a moist, phlegmatic, feminine sign. It gives a\nstrong, corpulent body, low stature, thick legs, hair growing low on\nthe forehead and heavy eyebrows. Those born under this sign are\nreserved, thoughtful, subtle and malicious. It governs the lower parts\nof the body; the colour under its rule is brown.\n\nSagittarius ([symbol]) is a fiery, masculine sign. The person born\nunder its rule is handsome, with a rather long face and features,\nchestnut hair, inclined to baldness and ruddy complexion; the body\nstrong and active. Those born under this sign are fond of field sports,\nare good riders, and are lovers of animals. They are kindly, generous\nand careless of danger. This sign governs the thighs and hips, and\nrules yellow and green.\n\nCapricorn ([symbol]) is an earthy, cold, dry, feminine sign. It\nproduces a person of slender stature, with a long neck, narrow chest\nand dark hair. The mind is quick, witty and subtle. It governs the\nknees and hams and, in colours, it rules black or dark brown.\n\nAquarius ([symbol]) is an airy, moist, masculine sign. In a nativity\nwhere no planets are in or near the ascendant, it would produce a\nperson of a well-set, strong body, long face and delicate complexion,\nwith brown hair. It governs the legs and ankles and rules the\nsky-colour or blue.\n\nPisces ([symbol]) is a watery, cold and feminine sign. It produces a\nperson of short stature and fleshy body, with a rather stooping gait.\nThose born under its influence are indolent and phlegmatic. It governs\nthe feet and toes and presides over the pure white colour. It is\nneedful to remember the colours belonging to the signs, as they are\nespecially useful in horary questions.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER IV.\n\nOF THE NATURES OF THE SEVEN PLANETS AND OF THEIR ESSENTIAL AND\nACCIDENTAL DIGNITIES\n\n\nOf the seven planets Jupiter and Venus, because of the heat and\nmoisture predominant in them, are considered by the ancients as\nbenefics or causers of good. The Moon is so considered for the same\nreasons, though in a less degree.\n\nSaturn and Mars are causers of evil or malefic; the first from his\nexcess of cold, and the other from his excess of heat. The Sun and\nMercury are deemed of common influence--that is, either of good or\nevil, according to the planets with which they are connected.\n\nThe planets have particular familiarity with certain places in the\nzodiac by means of parts designated as their houses, and also by their\n_triplicities_, _exaltations_ and _terms_.\n\nThe nature of their familiarity by _houses_ is as follows:--\n\nCancer and Leo are the most northerly of all the twelve signs; they\napproach nearer than the other signs to the zenith of this part of the\nearth, and thereby cause warmth and heat; they are consequently\nappropriated as houses for the two principal and greater luminaries;\nLeo for the Sun, as being masculine; and Cancer for the Moon, as being\nfeminine.\n\nSaturn, since he is cold and inimical to heat, moving also in a\nsuperior orbit most remote from the luminaries, occupies the signs\nopposite to Cancer and Leo; these are Aquarius and Capricorn, and they\nare assigned to him in consideration of their cold and wintry nature.\n\nJupiter has a favourable temperament, and is situated beneath the\nsphere of Saturn; he, therefore, occupies the next two signs,\nSagittarius and Pisces.\n\nMars is dry in nature and beneath the sphere of Jupiter; he takes the\nnext two signs, of a nature similar to his own, viz., Aries and\nScorpio, whose relative distances from the houses of the luminaries are\ninjurious and discordant.\n\nVenus, possessing a favourable temperament, and, placed beneath the\nsphere of Mars, takes the next two signs, Taurus and Libra. These are\nof a fruitful nature and preserve harmony by the sextile distance; this\nplanet is never more than two signs distant from the Sun.\n\nMercury never has greater distance from the Sun than the space of one\nsign, and is beneath all the other planets; hence he is nearest to both\nluminaries, and the remaining two signs, Gemini and Virgo, are allotted\nto him.\n\nThe \"houses\" of the planets are readily shown by the following table.\nIt is exactly the same as that found in the mummy-case of the Archon of\nThebes, in ancient Egypt, as may be seen at the British Museum:\n\n [Leo] [Sun] [Moon] [Cancer]\n [Virgo] [Taurus] [Gemini]\n [Libra] [Venus] [Taurus]\n [Scorpio] [Mars] [Aries]\n [Sagittarius] [Jupiter] [Pisces]\n [Capricorn] [Saturn] [Aquarius]\n\nIt will be seen, at once, from this table that the Sun and Moon have\neach only one house assigned them. All planets are most powerful in\nthat sign which constitutes one of their houses. Planets receive\ndetriment in the signs opposite to those of their houses. Thus, Saturn\nwould receive detriment in Cancer and Leo, which are the signs opposite\nto his houses, Capricornus and Aquarius. There are some signs in which\nthe planets are found to be very powerful, though not to the same\nextent as when in their own houses; these are called the \"exaltations\"\nof the planets, and the signs opposite to these are those in which they\nreceive their \"fall\" when they are considered to be weak in power.\nSaturn has his exaltation in Libra; his \"fall\" would therefore be in\nAries. He governs the airy triplicity, which is composed of the signs\nGemini, Libra and Aquarius by day, and in all the twelve signs he has\nthese degrees (zodiacal signs) allotted him by Ptolemy for his Terms:\n\n In Aries 27, 28, 29, 30.\n In Taurus 23, 24, 25, 26.\n In Gemini 22, 23, 24, 25.\n In Cancer 28, 29, 30.\n In Leo 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.\n In Virgo 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24.\n In Libra 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.\n In Scorpio 28, 29, 30.\n In Sagittarius 21, 22, 23, 24, 25.\n In Capricornus 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.\n In Aquarius 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.\n In Pisces 27, 28, 29, 30.\n\nThe meaning of which is that if Saturn should rise in any of these\ndegrees it is a sign that he is not void of essential dignities; or, if\nhe is posited in any of the following degrees (which he is allowed for\nhis Face or Decanate) he is still not devoid of dignities. This is to\nbe understood of all the planets.\n\nSaturn is allotted for his Face these degrees:\n\n In Taurus 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.\n In Leo 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.\n In Libra 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20.\n In Sagittarius 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.\n In Pisces 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.\n\nJupiter has his exaltation in Cancer and his fall in Capricornus. He\nrules the fiery triplicity, Aries, Leo and Sagittarius, by night.\n\nHe has these degrees allotted for his Terms:\n\n In Aries 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.\n In Taurus 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22.\n In Gemini 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14.\n In Cancer 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13.\n In Leo 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25.\n In Virgo 14, 15, 16, 17, 18.\n In Libra 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19.\n In Scorpio 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14.\n In Sagittarius 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.\n In Capricornus 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19.\n In Aquarius 21, 22, 23, 24, 25.\n In Pisces 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14.\n\nHe has for his Face, or Decanate:\n\n Of Gemini 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.\n Of Leo 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20.\n Of Libra 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.\n Of Capricornus 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.\n Of Pisces 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20.\n\nMars has Aries for his day-house and Scorpio for his night-house. He is\nexalted in Capricornus, and has his fall in Cancer.\n\nHe governs the watery Triplicity, viz., Cancer, Scorpio and Pisces, and\nhe has these degrees in each sign for his Terms:\n\n In Aries 22, 23, 24, 25, 26.\n In Taurus 27, 28, 29, 30.\n In Gemini 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.\n In Cancer 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.\n In Leo 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.\n In Virgo 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.\n In Scorpio 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.\n In Aquarius 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.\n In Pisces 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26.\n\nHe has allotted to him for his Face these degrees:\n\n In Aries 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.\n In Gemini 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20.\n In Leo 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.\n In Virgo 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.\n In Pisces 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.\n\nThe Sun rules the fiery Triplicity--Aries, Leo and Sagittarius--by day.\nHe is exalted in the sign of Aries, and receives his fall in Libra.\n\nHe has no degrees admitted him for his Terms, but in the twelve signs\nhe has the following degrees for his Face:\n\n In Aries 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20.\n In Gemini 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.\n In Virgo 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.\n In Scorpio 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20.\n In Capricornus 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.\n\nVenus governs the earthy Triplicity--Taurus, Virgo and Capricornus--by\nday. She is exalted in Pisces, and has her fall in Virgo. She has the\nfollowing degrees for her Terms:\n\n In Aries 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14.\n In Taurus 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.\n In Gemini 15, 16, 17, 18, 19. 20.\n In Cancer 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27.\n In Leo 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19.\n In Virgo 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13.\n In Libra 7, 8, 9, 10, 11.\n In Scorpio 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21.\n In Sagittarius 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14.\n In Capricornus 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.\n In Aquarius 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20.\n In Pisces 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.\n\nThe following degrees are allowed for her Face:\n\n In Aries 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.\n In Cancer 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.\n In Virgo 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20.\n In Scorpio 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.\n In Pisces 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.\n\nMercury governs the airy Triplicity, viz., Gemini, Libra and Aquarius,\nby night. He has his exaltation in Virgo, and his fall in Pisces. He\nhas the following degrees for his Terms:\n\n In Aries 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21.\n In Taurus 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15.\n In Gemini 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.\n In Cancer 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20.\n In Leo 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13.\n In Virgo 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.\n In Libra 20, 21, 22, 23, 24.\n In Scorpio 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27.\n In Sagittarius 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20.\n In Capricornus 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12.\n In Pisces 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20.\n\nThese degrees are assigned him for his Face:\n\n In Taurus 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.\n In Cancer 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20.\n In Virgo 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.\n In Sagittarius 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.\n In Aquarius 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20.\n\nThe Moon governs the earthy Triplicity, viz., Taurus, Virgo and\nCapricornus, by night.\n\nShe is exalted in Taurus, and has her fall in Scorpio. The Sun and the\nMoon have no terms assigned them.\n\nIn the twelve signs she has these degrees assigned her for her Face:\n\n In Taurus 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20.\n In Cancer 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.\n In Libra 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.\n In Sagittarius 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20.\n In Aquarius 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.\n\nA planet in his fall is very weak in his influence. The Houses count\nfirst in dignity, then the Exaltation; afterwards the Triplicity, the\nTerms, and the Faces.\n\nThe meaning of this is, if a planet is in any of the signs we call his\nhouse or houses, he is essentially strong, and he is allowed five\ndignities.\n\nIf he is in the sign in which he is said to be exalted, he is allowed\nfour dignities.\n\nIf he should be placed in any of the signs allowed him for his\nTriplicity, he is allowed three dignities.\n\nIf in any of the degrees in the signs which are given as his Terms, he\nhas two dignities.\n\nIf in any of the degrees of the sign given to him as his Face, he is\nallowed one essential dignity. Accidental dignities are when a planet\nis swift in motion, angular or in sextile aspect with Jupiter or Venus.\n\nThere was a great difference between the Arabian, Indian, and Greek\nmethods in the disposing of the degrees of the sign to each planet\nuntil the time of Ptolemy. Since then almost all astrologers followed\nthe method he left, which is that which has been given in this chapter.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER V.\n\nOF THE INFLUENCES OF THE SEVEN PLANETS\n\n\nThe planet Saturn is the most remote of the seven planetary orbs\nrecognised by the ancient writers on astrology. He is of a pale ash\ncolour, slow in motion, only finishing his course through the twelve\nsigns of the zodiac in 29 years and about 157 days. His greatest north\nlatitude from the ecliptic is 2 degrees 48 minutes; his south latitude\nis 2 degrees 49 minutes.\n\nThose born with this planet well-dignified[4] are studious, grave,\neconomical, prudent, patient and in all their actions sober and\nsomewhat austere. They are not much given to the love of women, but\nthey are persons of much depth of feeling, and, when they do love, they\nare very constant. They are given to the study of occult matters,[5]\nand are of a melancholic, suspicious and jealous temperament. In person\n_when well-dignified_ Saturn gives a rather tall stature and long\nlimbs. The hair is dark, the eyebrows much marked and generally meeting\nbetween the eyes, which are dark brown, deep set and close together.\nThe nose is long and generally somewhat bent over the lips and the\nunder jaw slightly protrudes. The complexion is sallow, the ears large\nand the hands and feet are generally long, but not fleshy.\n\n [4] The foregoing chapter explains this term.\n\n [5] The Chaldees averred that when Saturn was powerful in a\n nativity the person then born was \"mystical and confederate\n in secrecy.\"\n\nThose born under the potent aspect of Saturn are generally slow of\nspeech and their voices are harsh; when Saturn rises in a horoscope\n_devoid of dignities_, the native is envious, covetous, malicious,\nsubtle, untruthful and of a discontented disposition. In person\nfrequently deformed, with long and irregular features, the eyes and\nhair dark and the skin yellow and harsh.\n\nIn man's body this planet rules the spleen, the right ear, the lips and\nthe teeth. In illness he gives ague, palsy, ruptures (especially should\nhe rule in the sign of Scorpio), jaundice, toothache and all affections\nof the sight, of the ear, of the teeth and jaws and of the legs.\n\nThe herbs he governs are the hemlock, hellebore, burdock, sage,\nhenbane, rue, nightshade and mandrake.\n\nThe trees under his rule are the willow, the yew, the cypress, the\nbox-tree and the pine.\n\nThe beasts he governs are the elephant, the wolf, the bear, the dog,[6]\nthe basilisk, the crocodile, the scorpion, the serpent, the rat, the\nmouse and all manner of creeping things; among birds, the crow, the\ncuckoo, the raven, the owl and the bat.\n\n [6] This animal has been probably assigned to him by reason\n of its sagacity and extreme fidelity--constancy in feeling\n being one of the attributes given by the planet Saturn when\n well-dignified.\n\nOf fish he rules the eel, the tortoise and all shell fish.\n\nThe minerals he governs are lead and the dross of all metals.\n\nHis stones are jet, onyx and all dark stones which are incapable of\npolish. The colour he rules is black.\n\nHe rules Saturday--the first hour after sunrise, and the eighth hour of\nthe same day. His number is 55. In gathering the herbs under his rule\nthe ancients were particular to do so in his hours, as this rendered\nthe medicament more powerful. This is to be observed regarding the\nherbs ruled by all the planets.\n\nSaturn's orb is nine degrees before and after any aspect; that is, his\ninfluence begins to operate when either he applies to any planet or it\napplies to him within nine degrees of his perfect aspect, and his\ninfluence continues in force until he is separated nine degrees from\nthe aspect. His angel is Cassiel. His friends are Jupiter, Venus,\nMercury and the Moon; his enemies are Mars and the Sun.\n\nJupiter is the next planet below Saturn and is of a bright, clear,\nazure colour. He much exceeds Saturn in motion, as he finishes his\ncourse through the twelve signs in twelve years. His greatest north\nlatitude is 1 degree 38 minutes, and his greatest south latitude 1\ndegree 40 minutes. When he rises at birth well-dignified he gives an\nerect, tall stature, sanguine complexion, oval face, large grey eyes,\nthick brown hair, full lips and good teeth. In temperament those born\nunder the good influence of this planet are honourable, generous and\nhospitable, but loving material pleasures, kind and affectionate to\nwife and family, charitable, desiring to be well thought of and hating\nall mean and sordid actions. The voices of those born under Jupiter are\nclear and sonorous. When this planet rises _devoid of dignities_ the\nnative will be gluttonous, profligate, vain, and boastful, of mean\nabilities and shallow understanding, easily seduced to extravagance and\na tyrant to those of his family and household.\n\nIn man's body he rules the lungs and the blood, and of diseases he\ngives apoplexy, gout, inflammation of the lungs, pleurisy and all\nillnesses proceeding from corruption of the blood.\n\nThe herbs he governs are cloves, mace, nutmeg, gilliflower, marjoram,\nmint, borage and saffron.\n\nOf trees, he rules the mulberry, the olive, the vine, the fig, the\nbeech and the pear-tree.\n\nOf beasts, the sheep, the hart, the ox and all those animals that are\nuseful to man.\n\nOf birds, the stork, the snipe, the lark, the eagle, the pheasant, the\npartridge and the peacock.\n\nOf fishes, the whale, the dolphin and the sword-fish.\n\nHis metal is tin.\n\nHis stones are the sapphire, the amethyst and the emerald.\n\nOf colours he rules red mixed with green.\n\nHis day is Thursday and he rules the first hour after sunrise and the\neighth hour. His number is 78.\n\nHis orb is 9 degrees before and after any aspect.\n\nAll the planets except Mars are his friends.\n\nHis angel is Zadkiel.\n\nMars in order succeeds Jupiter. He appears of a red colour, and\nfinishes his course through the zodiac in 1 year 321 days. His greatest\nnorth latitude is 4 degrees 31 minutes. His south latitude is 6 degrees\n47 minutes. When he is well-dignified in a horoscope, the native is\ncourageous, confident, loving war and all that belongs to it, jealous\nof honour, hot-tempered and a great lover of field-sports. In person he\nwill be of middle stature, broad-shouldered and with big bones; the\ncomplexion of a red fairness; the hair is crisp or curly and also red,\nbut this varies slightly according to the sign rising at birth; in\nwatery signs the hair is not so red, and in earthy signs it is more\nchestnut; the eyes are grey and have a bold, fixed glance like that of\na hawk.\n\nWhen he is ill-dignified at birth, the native is turbulent, cruel,\nboastful, a promoter of sedition, ungracious in manners and\nunscrupulous in his actions, with no fear of either God or man. He\nrules the head and face, the gall, the throat and intestines; and the\ndiseases he gives are fevers, carbuncles, smallpox, all throat\naffections, all hurts to the head and face (especially by iron), and\nall diseases which arise from too much heat of blood; also accidents\nfrom four-footed beasts.\n\nThe herbs over which he rules are the nettle, the thistle, onions,\nscammony, garlic, horehound, cardamons, mustard and all herbs giving\nheat.\n\nOf trees, all those which are of a prickly nature, such as the holly,\nthe thorn and the chestnut.\n\nOf beasts, all fierce animals--the tiger, the panther, the wolf, the\nhorse, the leopard, the wild ass and the bear.\n\nThe dog is sometimes assigned to Mars on account of its courage and\ncombativeness. This delightful animal is probably ruled by both Saturn\nand Mars; the former giving it the quality of fidelity which it\npossesses in a degree beyond all other creatures.\n\nOf fish, the pike, the barbel and the sword-fish.\n\nOf birds, the hawk, the vulture, the kite, the eagle, the magpie and\nthe cock, all of which are combative.\n\nThe metal he rules is iron. The colour he rules is red.\n\nThe stones, the carbuncle, the ruby and the blood-stone.\n\nHis orb is 7 degrees before and after any aspect.\n\nHe governs Tuesday--the first hour after sunrise, and the eighth. His\nnumber is 39.\n\nHis friend among the planets is Venus, all the others are his enemies.\n\nHis angel is Samael.\n\nThe Sun passes through all the twelve signs of the zodiac in one year\nand a few hours over the 365 days which constitute the year. He has no\nlatitude.\n\nWhen the Sun rises at a birth well-dignified, the native is of an\nhonourable disposition, but always desiring to rule, loving pomp, yet\naffable, speaking with gravity and without too many words and\npossessing much self-reliance and dignity of manner. In person he will\nbe tall, well made, with golden hair, yellowish skin, large and\npiercing eyes and long, straight and well-formed features.\n\nWhen ill-aspected the native is arrogant, boastful, a spendthrift,\nproud, yet in poverty hanging on other men's charity, very loquacious,\nrestless and without judgment.\n\nHe governs the heart, the brain, the right eye and the arms; and the\ndiseases he causes are all illnesses of the heart, such as swoons,\npalpitations, cramps, also diseases of the mouth, the brain, and the\neyes.\n\nOf colours he rules the yellow and orange colour.\n\nThe plants subject to the Sun are all those of pungent odours, such as\nthe marigold, heliotrope, rosemary, balsam, peony, spikenard, musk, St.\nJohn's wort, and ginger.\n\nOf trees he rules the palm, the laurel, the cedar, the orange-tree and\nthe citron-tree.\n\nOf beasts, the lion, the ram, the goat.\n\nOf birds, the eagle, the cock, the buzzard.\n\nOf fish, the star-fish, the crab-fish and the sea-fox.\n\nHe governs Sunday. His number is 34.\n\nOf metals, gold.\n\nOf colours he rules the yellow.\n\nOf stones, the topaz, amber, chrysolite and all yellow stones.\n\nHis orb is 15 degrees before any aspect, and as many after separation.\n\nHis friends are all the planets except Saturn and Mars.\n\nHis angel is Michael.\n\nAfter the Sun the planet Venus succeeds in order; she is of a bright\nshining colour. Her greatest north or south latitude is 2 degrees and 2\nminutes. When she rises well-dignified in a nativity the person born\nwill be of middle stature, rather inclining to shortness, with a\nbeautiful complexion, light brown hair, the eyes large, of a blue or\ngrey colour and with a slow and rather languishing movement, red lips,\nand dimples in the cheeks, chin and about the mouth. In disposition,\ngracious, very tender, inclined to love-making; easy of belief and not\ngiven to labour about anything; fond of music, plays, and all sorts of\nmerry-makings.\n\nWhen ill-dignified at birth Venus causes the native to be over-fat,\nwith thick lips, and much flesh about the chin and cheeks. In\ndisposition, sensual, riotous and immoral.\n\nVenus governs the lower parts of the body, and the illnesses she gives\nare cancer and all affections of the womb.\n\nAll the herbs she governs have a sweet smell and, generally, have\nsmooth leaves and white flowers, such as the lily, both white and\nyellow, and the lily of the valley, also the water lily, the myrtle,\nmaidenhair, violets and roses.\n\nThe trees she rules are the walnut, the almond, the apple-tree, the\nbox-tree, the sycamore, the ash and myrtle.\n\nOf beasts, the hart, the rabbit, the calf and all small cattle.\n\nOf birds, the dove, the sparrow, the nightingale, the swan, the pelican\nand the swallow.\n\nHer metal is copper.\n\nHer stones, white and red coral, rubies, the beryl, turquoise and lapis\nlazuli, because it expels melancholy.\n\nHer colours are white and purple.\n\nHer orb is 7 degrees before and after any aspect.\n\nHer day of the week is Friday, of which she rules the first and eighth\nhour after sunrise. Her number is 45.\n\nHer friends are all the planets, but Saturn is the least sympathetic to\nher.\n\nHer angel is Anael.\n\nMercury is of a soft silver colour. His greatest north latitude is 3\ndegrees 33 minutes. His greatest south latitude is 3 degrees 33\nminutes.\n\nWhen he rises well-dignified at a birth the native is a person of\nsubtle intellect, an excellent logician, and possessing much eloquence\nin his speech; sharp and witty, of admirable memory, curious in occult\nknowledge, given to divination, and, if he should turn his attention to\ntrade, no man would exceed him in the invention of new ways to gain\nwealth.\n\nIn person, when Mercury rises well-dignified, the native is of rather\nsmall stature, but elegantly formed, very active and supple in his\nlimbs, and with long arms; he will have a long, narrow face, a high\nforehead, rather swelling at the temples, grey eyes with brown spots in\nthem, delicate mouth, straight eyebrows, a skin of a pale yellow or\nolive colour, the hair of a red-brown, commonly called auburn.\n\nWhen ill-dignified at birth Mercury gives a person of very small\nstature, with small, insignificant features and very small and\nquickly-moving eyes; and in character he is shifty, a boaster,\nfoolishly loquacious and a great liar.\n\nHe rules the liver, the tongue and the nerves, and the illnesses he\ngives are epilepsy, giddiness, dry cough, any affection of the tongue,\nand all nervous affections.\n\nThe herbs attributed to him are generally those having a subtle smell,\nand having effect on the tongue, brain, lungs, or memory; they are\nvervain, adder's-tongue, aniseed, dragon-wort, and the reed.\n\nThe trees are the elder and the filbert-tree.\n\nThe animals are the squirrel, the weasel, the spider, the greyhound,\nthe fox, the ape and all cunning and quickly-moving creatures.\n\nThe birds, the parrot, the magpie, the crane, the linnet and the\nswallow.\n\nOf fish, the jack-fish and the mullet.\n\nHis metal is quicksilver.\n\nHis stones all those of divers colours, white and red carnelian and\nmarcasite, or fire-stone.\n\nIn colours he rules azure, and all light blue colours.\n\nHis orb is 7 degrees before and after any aspect.\n\nHe governs Wednesday--the first hour and the eighth after sunrise. His\nnumber is 114. The Moon, Venus, Jupiter, the Sun and Saturn are his\nfriends; Mars is his enemy.\n\nHis angel is Raphael.\n\nThe Moon is the nearest to the earth of all the seven planets. She\nfinishes her course through the whole twelve signs in 27 days 7 hours\nand 36 seconds. Her greatest north latitude is 5 degrees and about 17\nminutes, her greatest south latitude 5 degrees and 12 minutes.\n\nWhen she rises well-placed in a horoscope, she signifies a person of\nsoft and gentle manners, timid, imaginative, loving pleasure and ease,\nyet fond of moving from place to place, rather capricious, but of a\npoetic and romantic turn of mind. In person, those born under good\naspects of the Moon are of middle height, with a round head and face,\npale, soft skin, large light eyes, usually one a little larger than the\nother. The whole body inclined to be fleshy, the lips full, and the\nhair of a dull, light colour, but not at all inclined to gold.\n\nWhen the Moon is ill-aspected at birth the native is indolent,\nsometimes a drunkard and vagabond, generally a liar, and, as Lilly puts\nit, \"a muddling creature.\"\n\nThe Moon governs the left side and the bladder. She gives dropsy, all\ncold and rheumatic diseases, colds or hurts in the eyes, convulsive\nfits, hysteria, and feminine weaknesses.\n\nThe plants she governs are all those which have soft, juicy leaves,\nsuch as the lettuce, the melon, the gourd, the poppy, mushroom, cabbage\nand colewort. Of trees, all those which have round, spreading leaves,\nsuch as the lime-tree and the sycamore.\n\nThe beasts she rules are those which love the water, as the otter and\nthe seal.\n\nShe rules all sea fowl and also the goose, the duck and the night owl.\n\nOf fish, the oyster, the cockle and the lobster.\n\nHer colours are light greenish-blue mixed with white.\n\nHer metal is silver.\n\nHer stones, pearls, diamonds, opals, crystals and selenite.\n\nHer orb is 12 degrees before and after any aspect.\n\nHer day is Monday; the first hour and the eighth after sunrise are\nhers. Her number is 45.\n\nHer friends are Venus, Jupiter, the Sun, Saturn and Mercury.\n\nHer enemy among the planets is Mars.\n\nHer angel is Gabriel.\n\n [Illustration: _To face Chapter VI._]\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER VI.\n\nCONCERNING THE TWELVE HOUSES OF HEAVEN AND THEIR POWERS\n\n\nThe ancient astrologers divided the heavens into twelve houses.\n\n_The First House._--This is called the _Ascendant_, and the planet\nrising therein--whether well or ill-dignified--will materially affect\nthe mind, bodily appearance and fate of the native through his whole\nexistence. This house is masculine, and governs the head and face of\nman and, if the planet Mars be in this house at the time of birth,\nthere will always be some blemish or mole in the face of the native; if\na few out of the degrees have ascended the scar or blemish is, without\nfail, on the upper part of the head; if the middle part of the sign\nascends the mark is in the middle of the face; if the latter part of\nthe sign is ascending the mark is near the chin. This house represents\nthe head, the tongue and the memory, and it governs in colours white.\n\n_The Second House._--This house has signification of the native's\nwealth and worldly goods. The house is feminine, ruling the neck, and\nthe colour is green.\n\n_The Third House._--This governs brothers and sisters, short journeys,\nneighbours, letters and writings. It is masculine and governs the\nhands, arms and shoulders; its colours are red and yellow mixed.\n\n_The Fourth House._--This rules the father, inheritances or property of\nthe native, and shows his condition at the close of life. It is\nfeminine, and rules the stomach, breast and lungs; its colour is red.\n\n_The Fifth House._--This signifies the children of the native, also his\nsuccess in speculation and hazardous games, the pleasures he enjoys and\nthe wealth of the father. It rules the heart, back and liver, is\nmasculine, and represents in colour black and white mixed.\n\n_The Sixth House._--This concerns the native's servants, sheep, goats\nand small cattle. It also signifies the father's kindred. This house is\nfeminine. It rules the belly and intestines and its colour is black.\n\n_The Seventh House_ gives judgment of marriage and describes the man or\nwoman in all love questions. It is masculine, it rules the haunches,\nand its colour is black.\n\n_The Eighth House_ argues of death, of legacies and wills, also of the\nkind of death a man shall die; it is a feminine house. It rules the\nlower parts of the trunk of the body; its colours are green and black.\n\n_The Ninth House_ gives judgment on voyages and long journeys, and also\non events happening to the wife's kindred. It rules the hips and\nthighs. It is a masculine house; its colours are green and white.\n\n_The Tenth House_ is called the _Mid-heaven_, and is feminine. This\nconcerns the native's mother, and also his calling. It rules the knees\nand hams, and its colours are red and white.\n\n_The Eleventh House_ represents friends and friendship. It is masculine\nand rules the legs.\n\n_The Twelfth House._--This house is often called the _Evil D\u00e6mon_, for\nit is the house of sorrow, self-undoing, enemies and imprisonment. It\ngoverns great cattle. It is feminine, and rules the feet and toes, and\nin colour it governs green.\n\nThe strongest houses are the first (the _Ascendant_) and the tenth (the\n_Mid-heaven_). The first, fourth, seventh, and tenth are called Angular\nHouses, and represent the four cardinal points of the compass; thus the\nfirst is east, the seventh west, the fourth is north, and the tenth\nsouth. The second, fifth, eighth, and eleventh houses are called\nSuccedent Houses; the third, sixth, ninth, and twelfth houses are\ntermed Cadent Houses (see plate 1). Any planet posited in a Cadent\nHouse is regarded as weak in its effects on the native. It is necessary\nto have thoroughly mastered the influences of the twelve houses, as\nwell as those of the seven planets, and of the signs of the zodiac,\nbefore attempting to cast a nativity or to work a horary question.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER VII.\n\nAN EXPLANATION OF VARIOUS TERMS USED IN ASTROLOGY\n\n\n_Ascension, Right._--The distance any body or point in the heavens is\nfrom the beginning of the ecliptic or first point of Aries. It is\nmeasured in degrees and minutes of a degree. It is thus abbreviated, A.\nR.\n\n_Ascension, Oblique._--If a star be not on the equator, it will, when\nit rises, form an angle with that part of the equator which is rising\nat the same time, and this is called its\n\n_Ascensional Difference._--This, added to its right ascension (A. R.)\nif it have _south_ declination, but subtracted from it if it have\n_north_ declination, gives its oblique ascension.\n\n_Application_ signifies the approach of two planets and is of three\nkinds: first, when a planet, swift of motion, applies to one of slower\nprogress: for example, we will suppose Mercury posited in 16 degrees of\nthe sign Gemini, and Mars in 21 degrees of the same sign (_both being\nin direct motion_), Mercury being swifter would overtake and form a\nconjunction with Mars, which is termed a _direct application_. The\nsecond kind of application is formed by two retrograde planets: thus we\nwill suppose Mercury in 16 degrees of Gemini and Saturn in 15 degrees\nof the same sign, both retrograde. Mercury being the swiftest planet,\napplies to Saturn, a more ponderous planet, by retrogradation, and this\nis called a _retrograde application_. The third kind of application is\nwhen one planet, being direct in motion, meets another which is\nretrograde: for instance, we will suppose Mercury retrograde in 16\ndegrees of Gemini, and Saturn _direct_ in motion in 12 degrees of the\nsame sign; here Mercury, being the higher planet, _applies to a\nconjunction_ of Saturn by a retrograde motion. These two last are\nconsidered _evil_ applications. It should also be remembered that the\nsuperior planets, Saturn, Jupiter and Mars, never apply to the inferior\nplanets, Venus, Mercury and the Moon, except by retrograde motion; but\nthe inferior planets apply in both ways.\n\n_Besieging_ signifies a planet situated between the two malevolent\nplanets, Saturn and Mars: thus, if Saturn were in the 12th degree of\nAries, Jupiter in the 14th, and Mars in the 16th, Jupiter would then be\n_besieged_ by the two malefic planets, Saturn and Mars. This is, of\ncourse, an evil position.\n\n_Cazimi._--A planet is said to be in _cazimi_ when it is in the heart\nof the Sun: that is, only 17 minutes before or after the Sun. All\nastrologers agree that a planet is fortified by this position, but a\nplanet when _combust_ is very evil in its influences.\n\n_Direct motion_ signifies that a planet is moving on its natural\ncourse, according to the succession of the signs of the zodiac: thus a\nplanet is _direct in motion_ when it moves from Aries to Taurus, or\nfrom Taurus to Gemini.\n\n_Frustration_ means the approach of a swift planet to an aspect with\none of slower motion; but before it can approach near enough to join\nthat aspect the more weighty planet is joined to some other, by which\nthe first aspect is frustrated.\n\n_Hayz_ is when a masculine diurnal planet is situated above the horizon\nin the daytime, or when a feminine nocturnal planet is placed below the\nhorizon in the night-time; this is fortunate in its influence.\n\n_Node._--That part of the ecliptic where a planet passes out of north\ninto south latitude is its south node; that where it goes into north\nlatitude is its north node.\n\n_Oriental and Occidental._--A planet, when oriental, rises before the\nSun; when occidental sets after him and is seen above the horizon when\nthe Sun is down; consequently, when a planet is oriental it is posited\nin the east, and when occidental, in the west.\n\nFrom the fourth house eastward to the tenth is oriental and from the\ntenth westward to the fourth is occidental. But [Sun] or [Moon] are\n_oriental_ between the first and tenth and its opposite quarter and are\n_occidental_ between the tenth and seventh and its opposite quarter.\n\n_Void of course_ is when a planet is separated from another planet, and\ndoes not, during its continuance in the same sign, form any aspect with\nany other planet. This most usually happens with the Moon. The effect\nof this is\n\n [Illustration: _To face Chapter VIII._]\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER VIII.\n\nOF THE FIGURE OF THE HEAVENS\n\n\nThis was formerly termed a _horoscope_, but is now more generally\ncalled a _figure of the heavens_. It is simply a scheme, or plan,\nrepresenting an accurate picture of the heavens--that is, of the\npositions of the Sun, Moon, and planets, and, in some instances, of the\nfixed stars also, for the moment at which a child is born. In horary\nquestions the figure is drawn for the required time, which may be the\nmoment of the propounding of a question to an astrologer, or of the\noccurrence of any event of the result of which astrological information\nis desired.\n\nThis map, which contains the twelve divisions already described as the\ntwelve houses of heaven, may be drawn in either a square or circular\nform. Lilly and other medi\u00e6val writers use both forms indiscriminately;\nbut as the latter is more easily understood, the diagram (plate 2) is\ndrawn up in that manner. It will be seen that it is formed of three\ncircles. In the centre space the date, time and place of the event of a\nhorary question are entered, and in a nativity the name, sex and moment\nof birth of the native. The next space (divided into twelve equal parts\nfor the houses) is reserved for the planets and in the outer space are\nplaced the signs of the zodiac, with the number of their degrees, on\nthe cusp of each house. The cusps of the Houses are represented by that\nline between each house. Having obtained an Ephemeris, or astrological\nalmanack[7] for the year required, we must find the Sidereal Time for\nthe day and month of the birth, or question; then, if the time of the\nevent be _before_ noon we must _deduct_ the difference between the\ngiven time and noon from the Sidereal Time of the day; for example, on\nthe day of the event (the 9th January, 1889), the Sidereal Time at noon\nis shown by the Ephemeris to be 19 hours 16 minutes 51 seconds, if the\nbirth had been at 9 a.m. The difference between 9 a.m. and noon is 3\nhours. We should, therefore, have to _deduct_ 3 hours from 19 hours 16\nminutes 51 seconds, which gives 16 hours 16 minutes 51 seconds, the\nSidereal Time required.\n\n [7] Zadkiel's and Raphael's are both good; the following\n figure is worked after the Ephemeris of the latter.\n\nAs the event is supposed to happen at 3 in the _afternoon_, we must\n_add_ the difference between noon and the time given to the Sidereal\nTime of the day. The difference between noon and 3 p.m. is 3 hours,\nand, as the Sidereal Time on the 9th January, 1889, is 19 hours 16\nminutes 51 seconds, we _add_ 3 hours to this amount, which gives 22\nhours 16 minutes 51 seconds, the Sidereal Time required.\n\nWe must now proceed to place the signs for 3 p.m. on the 9th January,\n1889, which is thus done: We turn to the \"Table of Houses\" (which will\nbe found at the end of the Ephemeris), and having found (under the\ncolumn headed \"Sidereal Time\") the nearest time to 22 hours 16 minutes\n51 seconds, which in this case is 22 hours 16 minutes 48 seconds for\nthe latitude of London, we see in the next column (headed 10) the sign\n(Pisces), and the number 3\u00b0 opposite our Sidereal Time, showing that\nthe third degree of Pisces is on the cusp of the 10th house, In the\nnext column (headed 11) we see [Aries], and the number 7\u00b0; we therefore\nplace 7\u00b0 [Aries] on the cusp of the 11th house, next 24\u00b0 [Taurus] on\nthe 12th; then 7\u00b0 5' [Cancer] on the Ascendant (or first house), 23\u00b0\n[Cancer] on the 2nd and 10\u00b0 [Leo] on the 3rd; for the remaining houses\nwe place the signs _in order_ opposite to those already given, keeping\nthe same number of degrees to each corresponding house and sign. The\nopposite house to the 10th is the 4th, and the opposite sign to\n[Pisces] is [Virgo]; we therefore place 3\u00b0 [Virgo] on the cusp of the\n4th house, and so on of the rest. It will, however, now be seen that\nthe two signs [Gemini] and [Sagittarius] are missing; these signs are\n\"intercepted,\" which means that they lie between two houses without\noccupying the cusp of either; they must, therefore, be placed in their\norder _between_ the cusps of the houses. This is, of course, not always\nthe case, and some horoscopes will have no intercepted signs.\n\n\nHOW TO PLACE THE PLANETS.\n\nIn the Ephemeris the longitudes of the planets are given daily for mean\nnoon; so, to find the _exact_ place of a planet for a given time, we\nmust note the difference of longitude between the previous noon and\nnoon of the day for drawing the map for a.m. and for p.m., the\ndifference between noon of the day and noon of the day after. This\n_difference_ is the motion of the planet in 24 hours, which we must\nwork thus: As 24 hours are to--hours (_i.e._, the difference between\nthe given time and noon), so is the daily motion to the motion\nrequired. For example, the [Sun] at noon on the 6th January is\n(omitting seconds) in 19\u00b0 29' [Capricorn], and on the 10th January at\nnoon he is in 20\u00b0 30' [Capricorn], which gives a daily motion of 59\nminutes. We must find his place for 3 p.m. on the 9th January. As 24\nhours are to 3 hours, so are 59 minutes to the time required; this\nequals about 7 minutes, which we add to the [Sun]'s longitude at noon\non the 9th. If the event had been for a.m. this amount would have been\n_deducted_ from the [Sun]'s longitude at noon on the day of the event.\nWe must proceed in the same way for the other planets and place them in\nthe map according to their positions in respect to the degrees on the\ncusps of the houses. The [Sun] will be in 19\u00b0 36' [Capricorn], or about\nthe middle of the 7th house. And note that the number of degrees of a\nsign on the cusp of any house shows that that sign commenced _in_ the\nprevious house. Supposing the [Sun] had been 1\u00b0 of [Capricorn], we\nshould then have placed it in the 6th house, a little below the cusp of\nthe 7th. When a planet is _Retrograde_ (shown in the Ephemeris thus,\n_R._), we _add_ the amount to the longitude when the event is before\nnoon or a.m., and _deduct_ it from the longitude when the event is\nafter noon or p.m. The mode of giving the judgment on a horoscope will\nbe shown farther on.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER IX.\n\nOF THE INFLUENCES OF THE FIXED STARS\n\n\nThe fixed stars are so called because they appear to keep at the same\ndistance from one another in the heavens. All of these stars have their\nrespective influences analogous to those of the planets. The following\ntable of the principal fixed stars, with their several magnitudes and\nnatures, will be found useful. It is only those of the first and second\nmagnitude which much affect us; the influence of those stars marked as\nof fourth magnitude is very slight. The time of the rising and setting\nof the fixed stars varies according to the latitudes of the places of\nobservation. Their longitudes increase at the annual rate of 50\nseconds, but their latitudes vary very little. The right ascension and\ndeclinations of the numerous fixed stars are given every year in the\nNautical Almanack.\n\n\n TABLE OF THE PRINCIPAL FIXED STARS, WITH THEIR MAGNITUDES AND\n NATURES.\n\n _Stars._ _Magnitudes._ _Natures._\n\n South End of the Tail of the Whale 2 Of the nature of Saturn.\n The Star in the Wing of Pegasus 2 Mars and Mercury.\n The Head of Andromeda 2 Jupiter and Venus.\n The Whale's Belly 4 Saturn.\n The Girdle of Andromeda 2 Venus.\n The Bright Star in the Head of Aries 3 Saturn and Mars.\n The Left Foot of Andromeda 2 Venus.\n The Bright Star in the Jaw of the Whale 2 Saturn.\n Caput Algol 2 Saturn and Jupiter.\n The Pleiades or Seven Stars 5 Mars and the Moon.\n The Middle Star in the Pleiades 3 Mars and the Moon.\n Oculus Taurus 3 Venus.\n Aldebaran 1 Mars.\n Rigel 1 Jupiter and Venus.\n The Foremost Shoulder of Orion 2 Mars and Mercury.\n The She-Goat 1 Mercury and Mars.\n The Middle Star in Orion's Belt 2 Jupiter and Saturn.\n The Highest Star in the Head of Orion 4 Jupiter and Saturn.\n The Star in the Horn of the Bull 3 Mars.\n Propus 4 Mars.\n The Right Shoulder of Auriga 2 Mars and Mercury.\n The Foot of Gemini 2 Mercury and Venus.\n Castor 2 Mars, Venus and Saturn.\n Pollux 2 Mars.\n The Smaller Dog Star 2 Mercury and Mars.\n Pr\u00e6sepe[8] 1 Mars and the Moon.\n North Asellus 4 Mars and the Sun.\n South Asellus 4 Mars and the Sun.\n Cor Leonis or Regulus 1 Mars.\n Heart of Hydra 1 Saturn and Venus.\n Vindemiatrix 3 Saturn, Venus and Mercury.\n The Back of the Lion 2 Saturn and Venus.\n The Tail of the Lion 1 Saturn, Venus and Mercury.\n Crater 4 Venus and Mercury.\n Arcturus 1 Jupiter and Mars.\n The Virgin's Spike or Arista 1 Venus and Mars.\n The South Balance 2 Saturn and Venus.\n The North Balance 2 Jupiter and Mars.\n The Left Hand of Ophiucus 3 Mars and Saturn.\n The Highest Star in Head of Scorpio 2 Saturn and Venus.\n The Left Knee of Ophiucus 3 Saturn and Venus.\n Cor Scorpio 2 Mars and Jupiter.\n Antares 1 Mars.\n The Right Knee of Ophiucus 3 Saturn and Venus.\n The Bright Star of the Vulture 2 Saturn and Mercury.\n The Mouth of Pegasus 3 Venus and Mercury.\n The Tail of the Goat 3 Saturn.\n Marchab 2 Mars and Mercury.\n Fomalhaut 1 Venus and Mercury.\n Scheat-Pegasi 2 Saturn.\n\n [8] The nebulous mass in the body of the Crab.\n\nTo know when any of these fixed stars will affect the horoscope we must\nnote the sign and degree on the cusps of the houses, and if (on\nconsulting the Ephemeris) any of these stars should be found to be\nascending or descending within five degrees of the signs upon the cusps\nof the several houses, they must be entered in the same manner as the\nplanets, and their qualities weighed according to the nature of the\nplanet or planets with which they correspond, as shown by the table\ngiven.\n\nThe influences of the fixed stars are not much considered by the modern\nastrologers, yet in certain positions their power is undeniable. The\nconjunction and opposition are the only aspects to be considered in\nregard to them, as they do not operate on the planets by sextile,\nsquare, or trine aspects. When a fixed star happens to be in\nconjunction with the Sun at birth, certain effects are distinctly\ntraceable. For example, the Sun conjoined with Aldebaran, Hercules,\nAntares, or any fixed star having the nature of Mars, threatens a\nviolent death, or, at best, constant illness to the native. The Sun,\nwith the Pleiades, Castor, Pollux, or Pr\u00e6sepe, shows a cruel and\nheadstrong disposition in the native and the _probability_ of violent\ndeath. The star Arista, with the Sun, gives great and lasting good\nfortune. All the stars of the nature of Saturn, conjoined with the Sun,\nbring calamity and disgrace. When a fixed star, whose latitude does not\ndiffer much from that of the Moon, is in conjunction with her, certain\neffects are produced; for instance, when she is conjoined with\nAldebaran or Pollux violent death is indicated; when with the Pleiades\ninjury to the eyes or blindness. The Moon with Antares and in\nopposition to Saturn with Aldebaran, shows death by strangulation. The\nMoon, with Aldebaran or Antares either in the ascendant or in the\nmid-heaven, gives brilliant honours, but not without many attendant\ndangers and hair-breadth escapes. Fixed stars of the _first_ magnitude,\nnear the cusp of the seventh house, show a rich wife, but her\ndisposition will sympathise with the planetary qualities of the star.\nFomalhaut and Rigel, in either the ascendant or mid-heaven, give fame\nafter death. Sirius, the Dog Star, in conjunction with the Sun, either\nin the ascendant or mid-heaven, gives preferment and honours from\nroyalty. Caput Algol, in conjunction with the Sun in the eighth house\nand in square to Mars, shows decapitation.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER X.\n\nOF THE EFFECT OF EACH PLANET IN EACH OF THE TWELVE HOUSES\n\n\nSaturn in the first house, or ascendant, shows melancholy and many\nsorrows, and if near the ascendant probability of early death; in the\nsecond house pecuniary troubles; in the third quarrels with brothers\nand sisters, and dangers and losses in travelling; in the fourth house\ndeath of father or mother, and loss of friends; in the fifth barrenness\nor death of children; in the sixth illness, worries with servants and\nlosses from cattle; in the seventh an ungovernable wife and unhappy\nmarriage; in the eighth violent death and loss of legacies; in the\nninth losses by sea; in the tenth dishonour and imprisonment; in the\neleventh deep depression and false friends; in the twelfth sorrow,\ntrouble and persecution from secret enemies. If the planet is\nstrong--that is, well-dignified--these evils are much lessened.\n\nJupiter in the first house gives a good, happy and long life; in the\nsecond riches; in the third family affection and fortunate short\njourneys; in the fourth lands and inheritance with an honourable life\nand end; in the fifth many children who are good and affectionate; in\nthe sixth faithful servants and fortunate dealings respecting cattle;\nin the seventh honourable marriage; in the eighth long life and natural\ndeath; in the ninth profitable sea voyages; in the tenth preferment and\nhonours; in the eleventh faithful friends; in the twelfth victory over\nsecret enemies. This, of course, means when the planet is strong in\ndignities; if weak the good will be somewhat abated.\n\nMars in the first house shows shortness of life and scars on the head\nor face; in the second poverty and troubles; in the third quarrels with\nkindred and dangers in travelling; in the fourth short life to the\nfathers; in the fifth disobedient children; in the sixth fevers, bad\nservants, and loss of cattle; in the seventh sensuality and unhappiness\nin marriage; in the eighth a violent death; in the ninth irreligion and\nlosses at sea; in the tenth military preferment, but troubles from\ngreat dignitaries; in the eleventh false friends and loss of money; in\nthe twelfth imprisonment. This is when Mars is afflicted, but if\nwell-aspected these evils are somewhat abated.\n\nThe Sun in the first house gives honour, glory, and long life; in the\nsecond much riches, but great extravagance; in the third good brethren\nand fortunate journeys; in the fourth a noble inheritance and honours\nin old age; in the fifth few children, yet such as will be a comfort;\nin the sixth diseases of the mind; in the seventh a good wife,\nhonourable adversaries, and sickness; in the eighth good dowry with the\nwife, but danger of a violent death; in the ninth gain by the sea, and\necclesiastical dignities; in the tenth gain from princes and noble\nwomen; in the eleventh distinguished friendships; in the twelfth\npowerful adversaries. This is if the Sun is well-dignified; if weak the\ngood fortune is not so pronounced.\n\nVenus in the first house gives good health, but sensuality as regards\nthe opposite sex; in the second riches by means of women; in the third,\nin a woman's horoscope, by means of lovers above her in rank; in the\nfourth inheritance; in the fifth many children; in the sixth illness\nfrom excesses; in the seventh a good and beautiful wife and very few\nenemies; in the eighth a good dowry with the wife and a natural death;\nin the ninth good fortune by sea; in the tenth honour and preferment\nthrough the means of some one of the opposite sex; in the eleventh\nsympathetic friends; in the twelfth freedom from the power of private\nenemies. This if Venus be strong; if weak the good fortune is less\npronounced.\n\nMercury in the first house gives noble thoughts, graceful elocution,\nand love of art and science; in the second profit by intellectual work;\nin the third mathematical skill, swift and prosperous journeys; in the\nfourth the gain of an inheritance by craftiness; in the fifth clever\nchildren; in the sixth thieving servants and diseases of the brain; in\nthe seventh a fomenter of quarrels, but a discreet wife; in the eighth\ndeath by consumption; in the ninth wonderful ability, especially in\noccult matters; in the tenth much preferment for ability; in the\neleventh inconstant friends; in the twelfth secret enemies, but they\nwill not much affect the destiny. This is when Mercury is\nwell-dignified. If weak the good fortune is much lessened.\n\nThe Moon in the ascendant, or first house, shows the native will travel\nand will gain the favour of noble persons; in the second she sometimes\ngives unstable fortune, riches, and poverty alternately; in the third\nlong journeys; in the fourth profit by travelling; in the fifth many\nchildren; in the sixth diseases of the brain, but good servants; in the\nseventh honourable marriage; in the eighth danger by drowning, but\notherwise a long and healthy life; in the ninth many long sea voyages,\ninconstancy in religion, and love of art; in the tenth great honours;\nin the eleventh the friendship of noble personages; in the twelfth the\ncommon people will be the native's enemies and do him much wrong.\n\nThe Dragon's Head when posited in the first house shows poverty; in the\nsecond a good estate; in the third honest kindred and fortunate\njourneys; in the fourth gain by travels; in the fifth long life and\ngood children; in the sixth health and good servants; in the seventh a\nvirtuous wife; in the eighth many legacies and a natural death; in the\nninth prosperity at sea; in the tenth honour; in the eleventh faithful\nfriends; in the twelfth open enemies.\n\nThe Dragon's Tail in the same places signifies the contrary in all\nthings.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XI.\n\nON FORMING A GENERAL JUDGMENT ON A NATIVITY\n\n\nRespecting the distribution of the doctrine of nativities, we are to\nconsider first the _parents_, then the duration of life; the shape and\nfigure of the body; after these the quality of the mind; then as to\nfortune in regard to honours as well as wealth. In succession to these\nthe character of the employment; the questions relative to marriage,\nchildren, and friendships; then that concerning travel; and lastly,\nthat concerning the _kind_ of death which awaits the native from the\nconfiguration of the heavens at his birth.\n\n_The Parents._--In conformity with nature, says Ptolemy, the Sun and\nSaturn are allotted to the person of the father, and the Moon and Venus\nto that of the mother; and the mode in which these luminaries and\nplanets may be found posited, with reference to each other as well as\nto other planets and stars, will intimate the situation of affairs\naffecting the parents.\n\nIf Mars should be in bad aspect to the Sun, the father will receive\nsome injury to the face or die suddenly; but a long life is presaged if\nJupiter or Venus be in any mode whatever configurated with either the\nSun or Saturn.\n\nIf Mars be succedent to the Moon or Venus, or in quartile or opposition\nto them, or if Saturn be similarly aspected to the Moon only, and both\nof them be void of course or retrograde, or cadent, adverse accidents\nand disease will attend the mother; should they, on the other hand, be\nswift in motion and placed in angles, they portend that her life will\nbe short or grievously afflicted.\n\nShould the Sun be configurated, in any mode whatever, with the Moon or\nVenus, or should Venus herself be harmoniously configurated with the\nMoon, either by the sextile, the trine, or the conjunction, the mother\nwill live long.\n\nConcerning the duration of the native's own life, the Hylegliacal[9]\nplaces are, according to Ptolemy, the sign on the angle of the\nascendant from the fifth degree above the horizon to the twenty-fifth\ndegree below it; the thirty degrees in dexter sextile thereto\nconstituting the eleventh house; also the thirty degrees in dexter\nquartile forming the Mid-heaven above the earth; those in dexter trine\nmaking the ninth house; and, lastly, those in opposition belonging to\nthe angle of the west.\n\n [9] Hyleg is the word used for that body or point which is\n the giver of life.\n\nAmong these places, the degrees which constitute the Mid-heaven are\nentitled to preference, as being of a more potent influence; the\ndegrees in the Ascendant are next in virtue; then the degrees in the\neleventh house, succedent to the Mid-heaven; then those in the angle of\nthe west; and, lastly, those in the ninth house, which precedes the\nMid-heaven.\n\nHe also holds that \"the Sun, the Moon, and the Ascendant to be\nconsidered as the four principally liable to be elected to the office\nof prorogator\"--or HYLEG.\n\nThese views are not adopted by the modern astrologers, but as this is a\nbook _setting forth the ancient methods_ it is needless to discuss\nthe various objections made by them to this, as to some other of the\ntheories laid down by Ptolemy.\n\nAmong the four prorogators already given, the Sun by day is to be\npreferred, provided he is placed in one of the Hylegliacal places, and\nif not, the Moon; but if the Moon also should not be so posited that\nplanet is to be elected as Hyleg which may have most claims to dominion\nin reference to the Sun, the Moon and the Ascendant, which means that\nthe planet should have dominion, in any one of the places where these\nare situated, by at least three dignities. If, however, no planet\nshould be so circumstanced the Ascendant is then to be taken as Hyleg.\n\nBy night the Moon is to be elected as prorogator, provided, in like\nmanner, she should be in some prorogatory place; and if she be not, the\nSun; if he also be not in any prorogatory place, then that planet which\nmay have most right of dominion in reference to the Moon, and the\nantecedent full Moon, and the Part of Fortune. But if there be no\nplanet claiming dominion in the mode prescribed the Ascendant must be\ntaken; in case a new Moon had last preceded the birth; but if a full\nMoon, the Part of Fortune.\n\nIf the two luminaries and also some ruling planet of appropriate\ncondition should be each posited in a prorogatory place, then, provided\none luminary may be found to occupy some place more important and\ninfluential than the others, that luminary must be chosen; but should\nthe ruling planet occupy the stronger place, and have prerogatives of\ndominion suitable to the conditions of both luminaries, the planet must\nthen be preferred to either of them.\n\nWhen the Hyleg has been determined by the foregoing rules, then note\nwhether it is supported by benevolent planets in good aspects towards\nit and free from affliction--that is, from evil aspects from evil\nplanets--if so, the life is likely to continue and the constitution to\nbe strong; but if the Hyleg, whether it be the Sun, the Moon, or the\nAscendant, be afflicted with evil planets and there be no assistance\nfrom good planets, the child will die in infancy: if there be some\nassistance from good planets, but yet the evil aspects exceed the good,\nthe constitution will be weak and the first train of evil directions\nwill destroy the life.\n\nConcerning the disposition and quality of the mind, we must look\nprincipally to the planets in the Ascendant, the influences of which\nover mind and body have already been given in the chapter on the seven\nplanets. We must, however, always bear in mind that Mercury has chief\ndominion over the mental faculties, whilst the sentient passions are\ngoverned by the Moon and the planet in the ascendant. The Moon\nwell-aspected, that is, in trine, sextile, or conjunction to Mercury at\nbirth, will give to the native excellent abilities, ingenuity,\nversatility and wit. Even the evil aspects of the square and opposition\nare better than no aspects at all, though these sometimes produce a\ncynical and obstinate nature.\n\nThe abilities of those born when Mercury is in \"cazimi\" (that is,\nwithin seventeen minutes of the Sun's centre) are of the highest order.\n\nMercury in conjunction with Saturn at birth gives clear judgment and a\nlove of occult subjects.\n\nVenus in good aspect with Mercury gives love of music and an artistic\nnature.\n\nIf Mercury and the Moon throw no aspect to each other and are afflicted\nby Mars and Saturn, the native will be liable to become insane.[10]\n\n [10] This was the case at the birth of George the Third of\n England; at that of the Emperor Paul of Russia; Maria, Queen\n of Portugal; Charles the Second, King of Spain; and Murad the\n Fifth, Sultan of Turkey; and all these sovereigns, as is well\n known, became insane.\n\nThe fortune of wealth is determined by the Sun and the Moon; if they\nare in good position, that is, angular and well-aspected by the two\nluminaries, the native will be rich. If the Sun and the Moon are well\nplaced, and if there be benefic stars in the Mid-heaven, the native\nwill rank high in the world. If the contrary, the native never rises\nabove mediocrity; and if Saturn afflicts the Mid-heaven, he meets\ndisgrace. If Mars is strong and in good aspect to the Sun and Moon, he\nwill gain military glory. Jupiter on the Mid-heaven and the Sun and\nMoon in trine to each other, the Moon, having the trine of Jupiter, is\none of the best positions for rising in the world. Jupiter in the tenth\nhouse will cause the native to do fairly well in the world; but Saturn\nin that house, if not extremely well-aspected, will bring him to shame\nand beggary.\n\nConcerning the nature of employment, the dominion of the employment is\nclaimed by the Sun and by the planet on the Mid-heaven. If Mercury\nshould rule alone he produces writers, teachers of science, merchants\nand bankers; also, if well-aspected to Saturn and the Moon, astrologers\nand students of all occult matters; if Jupiter is in conjunction, then\nthe native will be an orator, actor, or painter and his pursuits will\nlead him into the society of persons of rank.\n\nVenus ruling makes wine-merchants, dealers in colours, dyes, perfumes,\ndrugs, garments or apparel, &c.; if connected with Saturn, she makes\npersons have to do with amusement, players, jugglers, &c.; if with\nJupiter, persons attending exhibitions and priests who have much\npersonal decoration such as Catholic priests, bishops, &c. and they\nwill gain by women. Mars ruling alone makes martial men and, if in\nScorpio, Cancer, or Pisces, naval men.[11] The Sun joined with him,\nbeing near the Mid-heaven, or in aspect, makes persons dealing with\nfire or metals, the latter especially if in Taurus or Leo. If Mars be\nseparated from the Sun, he makes shipwrights, smiths, agriculturists,\nstonemasons and carpenters.\n\n [11] At Admiral Nelson's birth Mars was rising in the sign\n Scorpio.\n\nIf Saturn bear testimony in addition to Mars, persons become mariners,\nworkers in mines, wells, vaults, &c., underground, keepers of cattle,\ncooks, butchers. If Jupiter join with Mars, they will be soldiers,\ninnkeepers, tax-gatherers, mechanics. If Mercury and Venus become joint\narbiters of employment, they produce musicians, dancers, poets, weavers\nand painters, &c. Jupiter in connection with them makes magistrates and\nsenators and also teachers of youth. Mercury with Mars makes surgeons,\nstatuaries, boxers. If Mercury be more powerful, they will be\nscientific; and if Mars be stronger, they will be more violent and\ncruel in their practices.[12] If Saturn join these two, they will be\nthieves (especially if the Moon be in ill aspect to Mercury); if [Moon]\nbe in ill aspect to [Mars], they will be robbers or assassins. If\nJupiter join [Mercury] and [Mars], they engage in honourable warfare\nand are industrious. If Venus and Mars rule together, persons will be\ndyers, workers in tin, lead, gold, silver and medical drugs.\n\n [12] Probably vivisectionists.\n\nThe Moon regulating the employment and, separating from the Sun and\nforming an aspect with Mercury, inclines to the pursuit of astrology,\nspiritualism and magic.\n\n_Concerning Marriage_, Ptolemy has laid down some very clear\nrules. He advises persons about to marry to have a care that the\nluminaries--that is, the Sun and Moon in their respective\nnativities--are in concord. It is of happy augury if the Moon in the\nbridegroom's nativity is in good aspect--that is, in trine or sextile\nto the Sun in the bride's nativity. The Square or Opposition aspects\nformed between the luminaries in the two nativities indicate discord\nand separation, and very evil effects follow if the malefic planets,\nSaturn and Mars, have a bad aspect to the Sun and Moon in both\nnativities. If Venus be with them the separation will be caused by\nadultery. Good planets, such as Jupiter and Venus, placed between the\nluminaries in both nativities, show much happiness.\n\nIn men's nativities the Moon must be chiefly considered in regard to\nmarriage. Should she be in her first or third quarter at birth, the man\nwill marry under thirty, or if older his wife will be a very young\nwoman.\n\nIf the Moon be configurated with Saturn, she entirely denies marriage.\nIf she should be in a sign of single form, such as Libra or Taurus, the\nnative will marry only once, but if she should be placed in a\ndouble-bodied sign, such as Pisces or Sagittarius, the man will marry\nmore than once.\n\nIf the Moon make application to the benefics, the wives will be good\nand true; but if she make application to evil planets, the wives will\nprove either bad or of a quarrelsome disposition. For example: If\nSaturn receives the Moon's application the wife will prove troublesome\nand morose, yet constant and industrious; if Jupiter receive it, the\nwife will be decorous, good and economical; if Mars, bold and\nrefractory; if Venus, cheerful, handsome and agreeable; if Mercury,\nsensible, prudent and clever.\n\nWomen in whose nativities Venus is configurated with Jupiter or Mercury\nare virtuous and well-conducted; but, when Venus is with Mars and no\nother planet is there, women born under such aspects are liable to\nbecome licentious. Mars in square to Venus shows adultery.\n\nFor women the Sun is to be chiefly regarded in estimating their chances\nof marriage and happiness. If the Sun be oriental (_i.e._, between\nthe Ascendant and Mid-heaven, or between the Descendant and Nadir) the\nnative will marry in her youth; or when old, to a young man. If the Sun\nbe occidental, the native will marry late in life; or when young, to an\nold man. If the Sun be in a sign of single form, she will marry but\nonce; if in a double-bodied sign, or configurated with several oriental\nplanets (in one sign) she will marry more than once. If Saturn be\nconfigurated with the Sun, the husband will be steadfast, prosperous\nand industrious.\n\nJupiter configurated with the Sun gives a good, benevolent and\nhonourable husband. \"Mars,\" says Ptolemy, \"gives a severe husband, void\nof affection and intractable.\" Venus gives an amiable husband of\nhandsome appearance. Mercury gives one who is provident and expert in\nbusiness and of a lively and cheerful temperament.\n\nIf Mars be separated from Venus and Saturn, yet have the assistance of\nJupiter, men will lead virtuous lives. If Mars be configurated with\nVenus _only_ men are of a licentious temperament.\n\nSaturn, when in the 7th house of a nativity, brings either unhappiness\nin marriage or early death of one or other of the married people. The\nSun badly aspected by Saturn in the nativity of a woman and the Moon\nafflicted by the same planet in the nativity of a man, will bring\ntrouble in love and marriage.\n\n_Description of the wife or husband._--The planet with the sign in\nwhich it is placed, which is posited near the cusp of the 7th house,\nmust be taken to describe the person. If no planet should happen to be\nso placed, then we must go by the sign alone. Benefic planets in the\n8th house show that the wife or husband will be rich; unfortunate\nplanets show the reverse.\n\n_Children._--As regards the probability of having children, the 10th\nand 11th houses must be consulted and, should there be no planets in\nthem, then the opposite, the 4th and 5th houses, must be considered.\nThe Moon, Jupiter and Venus are said to be givers of children; the Sun,\nMars and Saturn deny children, or give very few and those either die\nearly, or are a source of trouble to their parents. Mercury either\ngives or denies according to the planets with which he may happen to be\nposited.\n\nIf the Sun and malefics be in barren signs or in masculine signs and in\nthe before-named houses, there will be no children; but if they be in\nfruitful or feminine, or common signs, there may be children, but they\nwill be delicate and short-lived.\n\nIf Jupiter, the Moon and Venus, are well-dignified in the 10th and 11th\nhouses, the children born will attain rank and distinction in the\nworld.\n\n_Friends and Enemies._--Persons born under the same sign of the\nzodiac are likely to be sympathetic; so also if the planet in the\nascendant of one person's nativity is one which is friendly to that\nwhich rises in the ascendant in the other's. Thus, a person whose\nruling planet is Venus would be attracted by one in whose ascendant\nMars is dominant and a person whose ruling planet is the Moon rarely\ncontracts a warm friendship with one who has Mars in the ascendant of\nhis nativity and _vice vers\u00e2_. The friendships and enmities of the\nplanets have already been given in the chapter on the influences of the\nseven planets.\n\nMars in bad aspect to the Sun or Moon in the 7th house causes quarrels\nin married life.\n\n_Travelling._--The position of the Moon and Mars are here to be\nconsidered. If they should be in a cadent position the native will\ntravel a great deal. The Moon in a watery sign causes much travelling\nby water. Ptolemy tells us that Mars in square or opposition to the Sun\nor Moon will cause much travelling in foreign countries. If the\nbenefics are conjoined with the Moon, the journeys will be safe and\npleasant; if with the malefics they will produce mischances and\nill-health in travelling. Mercury ascending at birth, in a\ndouble-bodied or moveable sign, shows a great disposition to travel. If\na malefic affecting the Moon should be in the watery signs of Cancer,\nScorpio, or Pisces, shipwreck and even death by drowning may ensue\nduring travelling.\n\n_Of the Manner of Death._--If the Hyleg and Ascendant should be\nwell-aspected and if either Jupiter, Venus, Mercury or the Moon\nwell-dignified should appear in the eighth house the native will die a\nnatural death. If either the Sun or Moon should be badly aspected by\nMars or Saturn in the eighth house it is significant of a violent or\nremarkable death. Saturn causes lingering deaths and Mars those which\nare sudden.\n\n_Saturn_ indicates death by chronic diseases, rheumatism, ague and\nparalysis.\n\n_Jupiter_ (when not well-aspected at birth) may become a\npromittor, or cause of death, by apoplexy, inflammation of the lungs,\nspasms, or gout.\n\n_Mars_ indicates death by acute or eruptive fevers, small-pox, all\nkinds of h\u00e6morrhage, burns, suicides and wounds from iron, over which\nmetal he presides.\n\n_Venus_ produces death by cancer, scurvy, dysentery, or wasting\naway and putrid diseases. If violence attends she causes death by\npoisoning.\n\n_Mercury_ kills by madness, epilepsy, coughs and obstructions. If\nviolence concur he brings death by accident in sport or by robbers.\n\n_The Moon._--When the Ascendant or [Sun] be Hyleg, the\nMoon will assist in causing death by cold phlegmatic diseases and if\nshe be placed in [Cancer], [Scorpio], or [Pisces], by drowning.\n\n_The Sun_ will assist to cause death by his ill aspects to the\nAscendant or [Moon] if they be Hyleg and then he acts like Mars,\nand if in _Leo_, will produce death by fire, if other testimonies\nagree.\n\nThe benefics cannot cause death of _themselves_; and even their\n[Opposition] aspects will frequently save life when they fall\namidst a train of evil directions. But if the malefic influence is too\npowerful for them to avert, then they cause death in the various\nmanners above described.\n\n [Illustration: _A Dogge Missing--where?_\n\n _FACSIMILE OF A MAP OF A HORARY QUESTION FROM LILLY'S ASTROLOGY._\n\n _To face Chapter XII._]\n\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XII.\n\nCONCERNING DIRECTIONS AND HORARY QUESTIONS\n\n\nWe have seen in the chapter on the judgment of a nativity that by the\nconsideration of the position of the planets and of the Sun and Moon in\nthe twelve houses, what the _general_ fortune of the native will be in\nthe whole course of his life; but the art of Direction measures out the\ntime into years, months, weeks and days and thus informs us when we may\nexpect in _particular_ what is _generally_ promised us in the nativity.\n\nDirections are of two kinds, _primary_ and _secondary_, and are based\nupon arithmetical calculations of the time of the events caused by the\naspects of the significators (that is, of the Sun or the Moon), with\nthe places of the planets. They are founded upon the familiarities of\nthe stars amongst each other in the zodiac (_after the nativity_), and\nshow, by calculations, the distance of the place of a significator at\nthe moment of the nativity from the place it must reach before it can\njoin the aspect, which distance is called _the Arc of Direction_. Some\nastrologers consider what are called \"_Mundane Directions_,\" which are\ndistances in the world measured by the semi-arc, and are wholly\nindependent of the zodiac. These were invented by Placidus, but as\nPtolemy does not treat of them they will not be considered here.\n\nIt must always be remembered that--in directions--the place of a\nplanet, at the time of the nativity, is called the planet itself,\nalthough it may not be there when the significator arrives; thus, if we\nwish to direct the Sun to the conjunction of Jupiter, we must do so to\nthe position which that planet occupied _at the moment_ of the\nnativity. When the Arc of Direction is found the Sun's right ascension\nmust be added to it, and the Sun will be the right ascension (without\nlatitude) of that place in the zodiac at which, when the Sun arrives,\nthe direction will be completed. For every day of the Sun's approach to\nthis point a year must be added, and thus the time when the event is\nlikely to happen is pointed out: these primary directions, however,\ncannot be depended upon to produce an event of great importance unless\nthe secondary directions agree; but where the nativity is weak the\nprimary direction alone is powerful enough to kill (especially if it\nshould be opposed to the Hyleg), and misfortune will always happen if\nthe positions of the planets, at the moment of birth, are unfortunate,\n_without_ the coincidence of any secondary direction.\n\n_Secondary Directions_ are those daily aspects to the luminaries which\nhappen after birth, every day of which is reckoned for a year, two\nhours for a month, thirty minutes for a week, and four minutes for a\nday.[13] Thus, whatever aspects take place in the _first day_ of the\nnative's life will develop their effects in the first year and those of\nthe second day in the second year, so that, should the native live\nfifty years, his secondary direction for his fiftieth year will arise\nfrom the aspects which took place on the fiftieth day after his birth.\nThe ancient astrologers--particularly the Egyptians--used to predict\nthe events of a nativity _wholly_ from these secondary directions,[14]\nin which the Moon should be chiefly considered; for in those days on\nwhich she comes to an evil aspect with the malefics, Saturn or Mars,\nthe years corresponding to those days will be peculiarly unfortunate\nand dangerous to the native; and where, on the contrary, the Moon is\nwell-aspected to the benefics, the years corresponding to those days\nwill be very fortunate: a good direction gives prosperity in that\nmatter which the significator indicates; thus we direct the Sun to\nsignify the native's preferment or disgrace, his good or bad health,\nand the favour or disesteem of great personages.\n\n [13] These aspects can all be judged from the Ephemeris of\n the year of birth.\n\n [14] And these secondary directions being so much easier to\n calculate, students are advised to follow the ancient methods\n in this as in all else relating to this old-world study.\n\nThe direction of the Moon refers to the nature of the native's\njourneys, whether prosperous or the reverse, his marriage, his wife,\nhis women friends and kinsfolk.\n\nThe direction of Saturn signifies the native's inheritance, buildings,\npossessions, and also his fears, jealousies and mistrusts.\n\nJupiter is directed as regards glory, renown, riches, children and\nreligion.\n\nMars is directed for the native's law-suits, animosities and victories;\nhe also shows the estates of brethren.\n\nVenus is directed for marriage, love and pleasure and all matters in\nconnection with women.\n\nMercury is directed for a knowledge of the amount of wit,\nunderstanding, trade, industry, and journeys of the native; also for\ndistinction in scholarship and all intellectual pursuits.\n\nThe Horoscope or Ascendant is directed to signify the life, affections\nand manners of the native.\n\nThe Mid-heaven's direction affects the position and career of the\nnative.\n\nIf the directions are to good aspects of benevolent planets, they\nsignify prosperity both of mind and body, cheerfulness and all manner\nof earthly happiness; but if the horoscope should have directions to\nthe ill aspects of the malefics, Mars or Saturn, then evil is to be\nexpected of the nature given by the malevolent star. If directed to the\ngood aspects, such as the trine or sextile of these evil planets, the\nmisfortune is not so great, and even in some instances good may be\npredicted. As, for example, the horoscope directed to the trine or\nsextile of Mars gives preferment by arms; the same aspects towards\nSaturn would indicate success in building or in mines, or some calling\nconnected with metals.\n\nThe occasional differences in the life, tastes, health, marriage and\npecuniary affairs of twins, born within ten or twenty minutes of each\nother, are accounted for by the fact that at the birth of the first\nchild the last degree of a sign may ascend with planets therein, or a\nplanet in the 2nd house at 5 p.m. may be in the 1st at 5.15 p.m. and\nthe early degrees of another sign may be exactly on the ascendant at\nthe birth of the second child.\n\nA planet may reach the M.C., or any other of the four cardinal points\nat, say, 10 p.m. and ten minutes later have passed off, when its powers\nwould have greatly diminished. Though the signs rise and set at the\nrate of 15\u00b0 per hour, in our latitude from 50\u00b0 to 60\u00b0 North, it often\nhappens that 30\u00b0 will ascend in fifty-two minutes.\n\nHorary questions are questions asked at a certain time when a person\nfeels anxious concerning any undertaking or impending event. A figure\nor map of the heavens, like that erected for a nativity, is drawn out\nfor the minute in which the question is asked; and, if the astrologer\nbe skilful, and the querist sincere--that is, not putting the question\nfrom frivolous motives--the answer will, in general, be true, for the\nwhole is the effect of that sympathy which pervades all nature and\nwhich is the keynote of all divination under whatsoever form it is\npractised.\n\nIn horary questions the sign ascending and its lord represent the\nquerent, and to these the Moon is added and must be considered with the\nlord of the ascendant.\n\nThe house to which the thing belongs--about which enquiry is made--is\nthe significator of that person and thing, and every other house and\nits lord are to be considered according to their respective\nsignifications, so as to indicate the means and persons by which the\nevent, about which the enquiries are made, will be accelerated or\nretarded.\n\nThe dates of events are regulated by the signs and angles. For example,\nshould the significator of the event be in a movable sign and an angle\nthe event will come to pass in the same number of days as there are\ndegrees between the significator's aspect and the star to which it is\ndirected if the aspect be by _application_; if by _separation_, the\nthing will _not_ take place at all. In one of the succedent houses\nmovable signs give months, common signs years and fixed signs bring\nabout the event, after much delay, and when all hopes of it are past.\n\nSignificators in any of the cadent houses seldom do anything and,\nshould they bring about an event at all, they do so after much waiting\nand with much trouble and vexation.\n\nThe matter of horary questions is very well treated in Lilly's _Grammar\nof Astrology_, published in 1647, and, by way of explaining the manner\nin which this branch of astrology is worked, we give a _fac-simile_ of\na map of a horary question to be found in this book, with (verbatim)\nLilly's method of dealing with that particular question.\n\n_Judgment of the Figure given in Plate._--\"Living in London, where\nwe have few or no small cattle as in the country, I cannot give example\nof such creatures, but I once set the figure preceding concerning a\nDogge (which is in the nature of small beasts), which dogge was\nmissing. The question to me was what part of the city they should\nsearch and if he should ever be recovered.\n\n\"The querent was signified by the sign ascending and the lord thereof,\nfor, in his person, he was Saturnine and vitiated (according to the\nDragon's Tail in the ascendant) in his nature, mind and\nunderstanding--that is, he was deformed in body and of a covetous\ndisposition. The sign of the sixth house and his lord signifies the\ndogge, for that sign stands for sheep, hogs and small cattle.\n\n\"The sign of Gemini is west, and by south the quarter of the heaven is\nwest; Mercury (the significator of the dogge) is in Libra, a western\nsign, but southern quarter of heaven, tending towards the west; the\nMoon is in Virgo, a south-west sign, and verging towards the western\nangle. The strength of the testimonies being thus examined I found the\nplurality to signify the west, and therefore I judged that the dogge\nought to be westward from the place where the owner lived, which was at\nTemple Bar, wherefore I judged that the dogge was about Long Acre, or\nthe upper part of Drury Lane. In regard that Mercury (the significator\nof the beast) was in a sign of the same triplicity as Gemini the\nascendant, which signifies London, and applied to a trine aspect of the\ncusp of the sixth house, I judged that the dogge was not out of the\nlines of communication, but was in the same quarter, of which I was\nmore confirmed by the trine of the Sun and Saturn. The sign in which\nMercury appeared was Libra--an airy sign; therefore I judged that the\ndogge was in some chamber or upper room, and kept privately, or in\ngreat secrecy, because the Moon was under the beams of the Sun; and\nMercury, the Moon and the Sun were in the eighth house: and because the\nSun on the Monday following would apply by trine to Saturn, the lord of\nthe ascendant, and the Moon to trine of Mars having exaltation in the\nascendant, I intimated to the owner of the beast that, in my opinion,\nhe should have his dogge again, or news of his dogge or small beast,\nupon the Monday following, or near that time, which was true; for a\ngentleman of the querent's acquaintance sent home the dogge the very\nsame day, about ten in the morning, who, by accident, coming to see a\nfriend in Long Acre, found the dogge chained up under a table, and,\nknowing the dogge to be the querent's, sent him home as above said, to\nmy very great credit,\" and no doubt also to the great satisfaction of\n\"the dogge\" himself.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XIII.\n\nSOLAR HOROSCOPES[15]\n\n\nJANUARY.--AQUARIUS\n\n [15] Translated from a Hebrew manuscript found near Cairo in\n 1836 at the time of the removal of the obelisk to France.\n\n_The influences of this sign last from the Twenty-second of January\nto the Twenty-first of February._\n\nThe man born under this influence will be of medium stature, good\ngenius and a great speaker. He will achieve what he desires and will\nbecome famous in his own country.\n\nHe will be subject to melancholy, very religious and of a highly\nconscientious nature. The stars, however, destine him to pass through\nmuch poverty in his youth and he will have other troubles in the matter\nof deaths of relations and friends before he is thirty. He will travel\nmuch and, in his early youth, he will suffer from illness. He will be\nmuch influenced by women to his own detriment. He will lose his first\nwife and will marry twice, but the second marriage will not be very\nfortunate. At thirty he will be very seriously ill, but will recover\nand live on to about sixty-four years.\n\nThe woman who is born at the above-mentioned dates will have a charming\nand expressive face; her eyes will be soft and beautiful in shape and\nher hair of a medium brown colour, neither very dark nor very fair. In\ncharacter she will be slightly melancholy and of a romantic turn of\nmind. She will be happy in her marriage. She will have a serious\nillness at fifty, but will recover from it through the affectionate\ncare of her husband, and will live to a good old age, surrounded by her\nchildren's children.\n\n\nFEBRUARY.--PISCES\n\n_The influences of this sign last from the Twenty-second of February\nto the Twentieth of March._\n\nThe man who is born under the influence of this sign will be above\nmiddle height, his chin will be fleshy, his eyes blue and his\ncomplexion rather colourless. His forehead will be low and broad and\nhis eyes will express much kindness and goodness of disposition. He\nwill be very fond of aquatic pursuits and take great delight in\nangling. He will not be studious, for he has not much perseverance, but\nhe will take delight in conversation of an instructive order. He will\nnot be much of a talker and will be slow to give his opinions on any\nsubject. He will be of a luxurious temperament and will be much\ninfluenced by women. He will be economical in his household expenses,\nbut will spend money freely on his own pleasures out of his family\ncircle. He will be fond of travelling and will be more fortunate in\nother places than in his own country. He will be ingenious and of good\ncounsel, yet wiser for others than for himself. He will lose his wife\nearly in life, but will not marry again, yet this more from indolence\nthan constancy of feeling.\n\nThe woman born at this time will be fairly good looking; her eyes will\nbe light blue and she will have a fair complexion and a dimple in the\nright cheek. She will be of a good disposition and kind to the poor;\nbut yet she will be self-indulgent and much given to luxury of all\nsorts. She will marry twice and have many children, but the stars do\nnot promise her much happiness. She will die at sixty-eight.\n\n\nMARCH.--ARIES\n\n_The qualities given by this sign of the Zodiac last from the\nTwentieth of March to the Twentieth of April._\n\nThe man born under this sign will be of medium stature, of fierce\ncountenance, with an aquiline nose, quickly moving eyes and a strongly\nmarked dimple in the chin. His hair will be of a reddish tint, his\nforehead broad and his complexion florid. He will be a loud talker and\nhave much inclination for women and also for the pleasures of the\ntable. He will be fond of field sports and very courageous. He will be\nsubject to accidents, both from fire and from four-footed beasts. He\nwill be capricious in his affections and will suffer much from his\naffairs with women in his youth, but will grow wiser towards middle\nage. He will not marry. At fifty he will lose much money and will fall\ninto poverty, and thus become alienated from the friends of his youth.\nHis life will not be prolonged much beyond fifty-five years.\n\nThe woman born at this time will have a florid complexion, large\nround-shaped eyes and a square chin. She will be of middle height and\nrather strongly made. She will be quick-tempered, strong-willed, very\ncourageous and rather selfish. She will marry at twenty-three, but will\nnot have many children. She will be a widow in middle life and will\nmarry again within a year of her first husband's death. She will die\nsuddenly by an accident in her fifty-sixth year.\n\n\nAPRIL.--TAURUS\n\n_The influences of this sign last from the Twenty-first of April to the\nTwenty-first of May._\n\nThe man born under this sign will have full lips, a short throat, and a\nmole at the back of his neck. He will be subject to sudden fits of\nanger and will be fierce and cruel. He will be fond of women, but will\nnot be much liked by them and will suffer much in consequence. He will\nbe ambitious, fortunate in business and energetic. He will not be very\nprudent in speech and will often get himself in trouble by\nover-communicativeness. He will marry a rich wife and will acquire much\nmoney by legacies from her relations. He will be very ill at forty, but\nhe will survive it and come into much riches soon after it. His life\nwill go on to about sixty-two, when he will die of much the same\nillness which he had at forty.\n\nThe woman born at this time will be graceful and well formed, with\nluxuriant hair and a full and well-formed mouth. She will have a good\ncomplexion and will have fascinating manners, so that she will much\nattract men. She will run great risks both from fire and water, and she\nwill be subject to weakness of the eyes to such excess that towards the\nend of her life she will have reason to fear blindness, but she will\nescape this calamity. Although she will have many lovers she will only\nmarry once, for her husband will survive her. She will have many\nchildren and they will all live. She herself will die before sixty.\n\n\nMAY.--GEMINI\n\n_The influences of this sign will last from the Twenty-second of May\ntill the Twenty-first of June._\n\nThe man born under the influence of this sign will be subject to ulcers\nand all skin diseases. He will be tall, well formed and of florid\ncomplexion. He will be much liked for his amiable qualities and will\ngovern his family well. He will travel much in foreign countries and\nwill acquire many beautiful things in the course of his travels. He\nwill be attentive to women, very conscientious, gracious and valiant.\nHe will not be at all given up to luxury, but will be of a pious and\nself-denying temperament. He will be bitten by some venomous reptile,\nyet will not die of the wound, but will recover entirely from it in a\nshort time. He will be falsely accused of some sin and will be\nimprisoned for it; but he will come out victorious and his innocence\nwill be acknowledged by all. His marriage is uncertain.\n\nThe woman who is born at this time will be fluent of speech, gracious\nin manners, witty and intelligent, but rather sensitive in temper. She\nwill be small of stature, slight in figure and of a fair complexion.\nShe will have well marked yet delicate eyebrows, brilliant eyes and\nsmall white teeth; her hands will be slender, with pointed fingers. By\nreason of her grace and wit she will be much loved, but she will not\nmarry until she is twenty-five. She will be passionately loved by her\nhusband, but she will not return his affection. She will have very few\nchildren who will not live beyond childhood. She herself will die at\nsixty-seven.\n\n\nJUNE.--CANCER\n\n_The influences of this sign last from the Twenty-first of June to\nthe Twenty-first of July._\n\nThe man born under this sign will be of medium height and will have\nlight hair and eyebrows. He will be given to deceit in his manners with\nwomen and will be very inconsistent, yet always with such gracious\nmanners towards them that he will be much beloved by them. He will\ntravel much, and will suffer many misfortunes in the way of accidents.\nHe will in middle age lose much money through the misconduct of his\nbrothers, who will, by their extravagance, spend all the father's money\nand thus leave only a poor inheritance. He will occupy himself with\nagriculture and be successful with it. At forty he will suffer from a\nvery serious illness and his life will probably end at forty-eight.\n\nThe woman born at this time will have large grey eyes, full lips and an\nabundance of soft, rather colourless hair. She will be fond of luxury\nand ease, and will be much given to the pleasures of the table, and\nwill eat much and drink more. She will marry early, but will not agree\nwith her husband by reason of her own inconstancy. She will be married\nthree times, and will get on better with her last husband than with the\ntwo others. She will have several children, but they will all be of a\nsickly constitution. She herself will have a very serious illness at\nseventy which will cure her of all her troubles.\n\n\nJULY.--LEO\n\n_The influences of this sign extend from the Twenty-first of July to\nthe Twenty-first of August._\n\nThe man born under this sign will be of middle height, but more\ninclined to be tall than short; his hair will be of a red colour, and\nhis eyebrows will be well marked and much arched in their form. He will\nbe valiant, hot tempered, very talkative, somewhat boastful, but\npleasant and jovial in his manners. He will be a great admirer of\nwomen, but not constant in his affection. He will marry once, but not\nthe woman he so much loves.\n\nThe woman born at this time will be tall, with bright hair of a reddish\ngold colour, grey eyes, with a bold fierce glance, and long features.\nHer nose will be aquiline and the face a long oval. The lips will be\nfull but firmly closed and the teeth good and large. She will be quick\nof temper and difficult to please, fond of pleasure and very ambitious\nof shining in society. Her great desire for admiration will cause her\nto be much talked about--not always in a manner pleasing to her\nhusband. She will marry early. She will lose her husband in early youth\nand will marry again soon after her widowhood. She will be much subject\nto illnesses through the blood, and at forty-eight she will have a very\nserious illness; but she will recover and live another fifteen years,\nbut her life will always be full of anxieties and troubles.\n\n\nAUGUST.--VIRGO\n\n_The influences of this sign last from the Twenty-second of August to\nthe Twenty-third of September._\n\nThe man born under this influence will have an abundance of hair and\nwill have a large chin and a good complexion. He will be ambitious,\nenterprising, and very valiant, but a little capricious. He will suffer\nmuch illness and, when he is about thirty years of age, he will be\nmenaced by death or imprisonment, yet he shall escape both evils. He\nwill be of a sympathetic and benevolent disposition and will give good\ncounsel to his friends. He will have a beautiful wife whom he will\ntenderly love, although she will not return his affections.\n\nA woman born at this time will be graceful and charming, with a\nwell-formed face, an agreeable expression, small mouth and\nwell-proportioned figure. Her voice will be one of her charms, and will\nbe clear and soft and singularly harmonious. She will be much loved and\nadmired for her wit, and will show much taste for music and dancing.\nShe will have fairly good health, and her beauty and charm of manner\nwill make her much sought after in marriage, but she will not accept\nany of her numerous lovers until after her twenty-second birthday. She\nwill be much loved by her husband, and being inclined to be devout, she\nwill educate her children in the fear of God. She will die at\nsixty-nine.\n\n\nSEPTEMBER.--LIBRA\n\n_The influences of this sign last from the Twenty-third of September\nto the Twenty-third of October._\n\nThe man born under this sign will be fluent of speech and his voice\nwill be sonorous and will sound angry even when he is not so. He will\nbe wise and prudent and will be much esteemed by good men. He will be\njust and honourable in all his dealings and will acquire the respect of\nall who know him for his conscientious dealings with his fellow-men. He\nwill marry twice. His second wife, whom he will marry when he is turned\nforty, will be extravagant, and will so worry him by spending all his\nsubstance, that she will bring on his death before he is fifty.\n\nThe woman born at this period will be, say the astrologers, cheerful\nand of a kindly disposition. She will be of a lively temperament and\nwill easily learn both music and dancing and will excel in both. She\nwill be amiable, very caressing in manner and much loved by all who\nknow her. She will marry twice. Her first husband will be rich and of\nmature age and very prudent. The second will be young and will soon\nspend the greater part of the money left her by her first husband. She\nwill be gay, fond of pleasure and rather a coquette, which will much\ndisplease the second husband. She will be rather given to gambling and\nwill lose money in this way, which will cause her much discomfort and\nanxiety in her latter years.\n\n\nOCTOBER.--SCORPIO\n\n_The influences of this sign will last from the Twenty-second of\nOctober to the Twenty-first of November._\n\nA man born under this sign will be short and broad in figure and\nungraceful in his movements. He will be dark in complexion; but the\nhair will be of a red-brown colour, the eyebrows thick and meeting over\nthe nose. He will be prompt in judgment, but very wily and inconstant,\npromising one thing and doing another, so much so, that those who have\nonce had dealings with him will never again have confidence in him,\nknowing how likely he is to deceive them. He will be of a perverse and\nirritable temper, which will cause him to have many enemies; and\nnotwithstanding all his acuteness, he will always be poor. He will\ntravel much and will lead a somewhat vagabond life. He is very unlikely\nto marry, and he will probably die a violent death.\n\nThe woman who is born under the influence of the Scorpion will be of a\nreddish colouring and of middle height and strongly built. As regards\nher character, she will be affable, much beloved by her relations, fond\nof pleasure, yet very energetic in the discharge of her household\nduties, sensitive in temper, a little revengeful and very ingenious and\nof quick judgment. In her youth she will have much trouble from\nlawsuits, but she need not fear the result, for as she is pious God\nwill always protect her. She will only marry once, at about her\ntwenty-sixth year, and will die at sixty-eight. She will have no\nchildren.\n\n\nNOVEMBER.--SAGITTARIUS\n\n_The influences of this sign continue from the Twenty-second of\nNovember till the Twenty-first of December._\n\nThe man born under this sign will be of pale complexion and he will\nhave long features and dark hair and eyes. He will be prudent, studious\nand economical. He will see many foreign countries and will gain much\nmoney in his youth, by reason of which he will excite the envy of his\nfriends. He will receive much injury from a relative, who will\nendeavour to prejudice people against him, but he will always be well\nreceived and much liked in society. He will be generous to his friends,\nbut he will be badly recompensed for his kindness. He will be\npersevering in his profession and will attain a good position in it. He\nwill be subject to internal complaints, but will live long. He will be\nuntrue to his wife, but he will be careful that she does not know it.\nHe will have several children, but they will be no comfort to him, as\nthey will be always ungrateful to him.\n\nThe woman who is born at this time will be well formed, with luxuriant\nhair and well-marked and rather arched eyebrows; her forehead will be\nbroad and her intellect good, but her temper easily irritated and over\nsensitive, especially where her affections are concerned. She will be\ntimid, very constant both in love and friendship, generous in her\naffections, yet very ill-requited in this respect. She will marry at\ntwenty-six and will have many children. She will suffer much from the\nevil tongues of false friends, who will malign her to her husband, but\nher innocence will be made known and in the end she will be fully\njustified. She will live to sixty-eight.\n\n\nDECEMBER.--CAPRICORNUS\n\n_The influences of this sign last from the Twenty-first of December\nto the Twenty-second of January._\n\nThe man born under this influence will be of good complexion, his voice\nwill be clear and bright and he will be fluent of speech. He will have\na mole on his chin or on his right arm. He will be very much influenced\nby women and will be a great lover of luxury. He is likely to be bitten\nby some mad animal and he is also menaced by many illnesses of the eyes\nand eyesight. He will be much deceived by a woman who will cause him\nmuch injury.\n\nThe woman born under this sign will be amiable, with an agreeable\ncountenance, a clear voice and a well-formed body. She will be twice\nmarried. Her first husband will much love her. He will be a poor man,\nbut of a very conscientious nature and much respected for his\nstraightforwardness of character. Her second husband will be much\nricher and of a gay and pleasure-loving nature, but he will not be so\naffectionate as the first. She will suffer much from melancholia, and\nwhen she is thirty she will have a very serious mental illness; but, by\nthe grace of God, she will recover from it and live until she is\nforty-seven.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XIV.\n\nAPHORISMS CULLED FROM THE WORKS OF PTOLEMY AND OTHER ANCIENT\nASTROLOGERS\n\n\nWhosoever may be adapted to any particular event or pursuit will\nassuredly have the star indicative thereof very potent in his nativity.\n\nIf Virgo or Pisces be on the ascendant the native will create his own\ndignity; but if Aries or Libra be there he will cause his own death.\n\nVenus gives pleasure to the native in that part of the body which may\nbe ruled by the sign she occupies. It is the same with other stars.\n\nShould a disease begin when the Moon may be in a sign occupied at the\nbirth by some malefic, or in quartile or opposition to any such sign,\nsuch disease will be most severe; and if the malefic also behold the\nsaid sign, it will be dangerous. On the other hand, there will be no\ndanger if the Moon be in a place held at the time of birth by some\nbenefic.\n\nIn all horary questions remember that there is no affliction to the\nMoon so great as when she is in conjunction with the Sun; the ill\naspects for the malefics must affect her, but no evil aspect is so\npowerful as her conjunction.\n\nMercury in trine or sextile to the Moon gives the capacity for\nacquiring foreign languages. In bad aspect to the Moon makes the native\nenvious, sarcastic, ill-natured, given to lying and thieving.\n\nSaturn in trine or sextile to Venus shows much power of attachment to\nwife and family. In a woman's nativity this is very good, as it\nindicates purity.\n\nThose born near noon are generally successful in life, owing to the\nSun's influence being then most powerful. Those born near midnight are\nby no means so fortunate as those born at midday, and it is a singular\npeculiarity in such nativities that the most remarkable events of their\nlives take place _after_ their thirtieth year, and they are also\ncertain of some kind of a name after death, meritorious or otherwise,\naccording to what their horoscope declares. Persons born near midnight\nare very imaginative, and subject to see visions, dream dreams, and to\nbe believers in the unseen world.\n\nIn all travels the Moon is to be considered, for she is a general\nsignifier of journeys, whether by sea or land.\n\nWhen the moon is besieged between Mars and the Sun in a nativity, it\nargues a short life to the native.\n\nMercury, if posited in one of the houses of Saturn, in trine or sextile\nto that planet, gives excellent understanding; and if the moon be also\nwell-dignified, the native is much given to the study of occult\nscience, and will have much renown in that particular.\n\nThose born with the Moon powerful in their horoscopes would do well to\nbe guided by her aspects in their daily avocations. If she should be in\ntrine or sextile to Jupiter, it is a good day to seek favours of the\ngreat, or to make arrangements with employers. When she is in trine or\nsextile to Mercury, all intellectual matters taken in hand will be\nlikely to prosper. When she is so aspected to Venus, matters undertaken\nwith reference to love, marriage, or friendship will have a happy\nissue. When she is in square or opposition she would have, of course,\nthe contrary effects.\n\nThe Sun and Moon in conjunction with Mercury give to the native great\nintellectual abilities.\n\nThose who have the benevolent planets, Jupiter and Venus, well posited\nin either the ascendant or the mid-heaven at birth will always be much\nbeloved during the whole course of their lives.\n\nHe who is born with the sun in trine to Jupiter is fond of rule, and\nvery famous in his generation.\n\nVenus in square to Saturn at a birth causes the native to be sensual\nand given to unnatural vices.\n\nAll the planets, or most of them above the earth, make the native\neminent and famous, and if all should be well-dignified, he will--like\na comet--outshine all others in the world's esteem. If, on the\ncontrary, all the planets are under the earth at a birth, the native\nwill be of a falling fame and fortune, or if they promise by their\nnatures honour, dignity and fortune (that is, if they appear\nessentially dignified in nocturnal genitures), these good things will\nonly come in the latter part of the native's life.\n\nJupiter in conjunction with the Moon in a watery sign gives\ndrunkenness.\n\nVenus in conjunction, trine or sextile to the Moon, gives happy\nmarriage, but in square to the Moon, prodigality, indolence and\ndrunkenness.\n\nSaturn in square to Mars means a malicious and murderous temperament,\nand liability to imprisonment.\n\nIt is advantageous to make choice of days and hours at a time well\nconstituted by the nativity. Should the time be adverse, the choice\nwill in no respect avail, however favourable an issue it may chance to\npromise.\n\nA sagacious mind improves the operation of the heavens, as a skilful\nfarmer by cultivation improves nature.\n\n\n\n\nPart II.\n\nCHIROMANCY\n\n \"God has placed signs in the hands of all men, that every man may\n know his work.\"--Job xxxvii. 7 (_St. Hierom's Translation_).\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XV.\n\nCHIROMANCY AND ITS ORIGIN\n\n\nChiromancy is a science which teaches us to read not only the character\nbut the whole destiny--for good or evil, the length of life and often\nthe manner of death of a man by the lines and marks to be seen in his\nhand. This study is sometimes called Palmistry, in which case, however,\nit properly refers _only_ to a judgment formed from what appears in the\npalm of the hand, whilst Chiromancy (taken from the word _Cheir_, a\nhand, and _Manteia_, divination) signifies the revelations made by the\nhand, taken as a whole. Chiromancy is nearly as ancient as astrology,\nwith which it is _indissolubly_ connected, for the hand represents, as\nhas been before said, a natural horoscope, which is placed upon it at\nthe time both of the conception and the birth by the influence of the\nstars. The seven planets are all represented in the hand and also the\ntwelve signs of the zodiac, so that the casting of a nativity is\nneedless, as by simply examining a hand by the light of Chiromancy we\ncan indicate what planets have been powerful at the time of birth, and\nwhat, therefore, will be their effect for good or evil over the\nexistence; and we can also find the dates of the principal events of\nthe life. We find many allusions to this subject in the Bible, and\nstill more in the ancient Kabbala.\n\nThe Holy Kabbala, as it was called by the Magi, must not be confounded\nwith what is called \"The Black Art\"; it is, on the contrary, the\nquintessence of reason and morality as they were understood by the\nancients and contains that traditional science of the secrets of nature\nwhich, from age to age, is borne towards us as the wave is carried by\nthe tide to the shore; but it has been transmitted obscurely, because\nthe doctrines of the Kabbala were known only, in those early ages, to\nthe adept and the initiation, later on, of neophytes was only yielded\nafter a series of severe and terrible ordeals, whilst the revelation of\nits mysteries to the uninitiated was punished by death.\n\nThe necessity of silence was, in fact, one of the principal tenets of\nthe Kabbala and is represented, in the figure of Adda-Nari,[16] by the\nposition of the fingers of the hand holding the flowering branch of\nAbundance; the thumb and the first two fingers, which in Chiromancy\nrepresent _will_, _power_ and _fatality_, are held open; whilst the\nthird and fourth fingers, representing light and science, are closed.\nThis was meant to indicate to the good--the initiated--that they would\nhave, when united, strength and will to direct Fate; but that they must\nkeep hidden from the wicked and ignorant both light and science. It\nmust, however, in justice to the ancient Kabbalists, be suggested that\ntheir inculcation of silence probably arose, not so much from a desire\nof domination, but rather from the fact that, feeling themselves\nsuperior in knowledge, they thought they were obeying a divine law in\nrefusing to the wicked those lights which, when possessed by them, led,\nas perhaps they had sometimes found, to error. We, seeing things in a\nwider light, give, or try to give, equal knowledge to all, without\nsubmitting the ignorant to the ordeal of initiation to prove their\nworthiness as recipients; but, after all, it amounts to much the same\nthing--give to all men truth and light in abundance, but all will not\nprofit by it. We see this every day in our college system; the lesson\nis the same for all, but it is only the few who profit by it; and\nalthough we appear to be obeying a divine law in opening the way of\nlight and life--the life of knowledge--to all, as God makes His sun to\nshine on good and bad equally, still we can, in some sort, understand\nthe feeling of the ancient Magi, whose motto was: \"Know, Dare, Will,\nbut _keep Silence_.\"\n\n [16] Adda-Nari, Nature--that is, the deity known under the\n name of Isis by the Egyptians.\n\n [Illustration: _To face Chapter XVI._]\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XVI.\n\nTHE PRINCIPAL LINES IN THE HAND AND THE MOUNTS\n\n\nIn the plate belonging to this chapter we give a hand on which are\nmarked the principal lines seen on the palm; three of which, viz., the\nLine of Life, the Line of Head and the Line of Heart, are found in a\nclearer or fainter degree on all hands, but which vary, as regards\ntheir relative position, in every hand. The first and largest, that\nwhich encircles the thumb, is called the Line of Life; by the length,\ncolour and evenness, or the reverse, of this line the length of life is\nindicated, and also the illnesses and accidents by which the life is\nmenaced in running its course. The line immediately above it, crossing\nthe palm of the hand, is the Line of Head; by it we are to judge of the\nintellectual powers. Above it is the Line of Heart, from which we form\nan opinion of the strength of affection, or the want of it, in the\nnative.\n\nThe lines which are not always to be found are the lines going from the\nwrist to the finger of Saturn, which is called the Saturnian line, and\nwhich shows the events of the life; the Line of the Sun, which goes\ntowards the finger of the Sun and which indicates success in art,\nliterature, or the pursuit of riches; and the Line of Health, which\ngoes from the wrist to the finger of Mercury: this line is often absent\nin a hand.\n\nAll these lines will be more fully discussed further on; at present it\nis only necessary to name them in order to explain the plate belonging\nto this chapter.\n\nAt the base of each figure there is a mount, more or less developed, on\nevery hand. Now, each of these mounts corresponds with one of the\nplanets from which it has received more or less influence, according to\nits development, and the signs or marks to be found upon it.\n\nIt will be seen also, from the plate, that the ancients gave to each\nfinger the name of one of the planets, thus:--\n\nThe first finger represented Jupiter, the mount at its base being\ncalled the Mount of Jupiter.\n\nThe second, Saturn, the mount at its root being the Mount of Saturn.\n\nThe third, the Sun, the mount below being the Mount of the Sun.\n\nThe fourth, Mercury, the mount at its base being called the Mount of\nMercury.\n\nThe thumb is sacred to Venus, and the root of the thumb is called the\nMount of Venus.\n\nIt will also be seen that the planet Mars (although no finger is\ndedicated to it) is twice represented in the hand, along the side of\nthe palm by the Mount of Mars, and in the palm, between the Line of\nLife and the Line of the Head, which is called the Plain of Mars.\n\nThe Moon is only represented by the Mount of the Moon, at the lower\npart of the palm on the opposite side of the hand to the thumb.\n\nWhen these mounts are well in their places, and clearly but not too\nstrongly defined, they give the qualities of the planet they represent;\nbut when any mount is not well marked, or even, as frequently happens,\nis quite deficient, there is a want of the qualities shown to exist\nwhere the mount is clearly defined. If the mounts are not only\nill-defined, but represented by a cavity, that cavity would indicate\nthe existence of qualities which are the reverse of those indicated by\nthe mount; whereas an exceeding development would denote an excess of\nthe qualities given by the mount.\n\nThus the Mount of Jupiter, which is immediately under the index finger,\nwhen fairly developed, indicates noble ambition, will-power, love of\nnature, kindliness, generosity, religion and happy marriage. When in\nexcess--that is, when the mount is so large as to invade that next\nit--the Mount of Saturn--it gives superstition, exaggerated pride and\ndomineering self-assertion. The total absence of this mount (which is\nsometimes, but rarely, seen) indicates coldness, selfishness,\nirreligion and that want of dignity which is produced by the utter\nabsence of self-respect.\n\nThe Mount of Saturn is found immediately beneath the second finger,\nwhich the ancients assigned to Saturn, the planet of Fatality. Saturn\ngives extreme misfortune, or extreme good fortune, according to the\ndevelopment of the mount and the signs and lines to be seen upon it,\nand the course of the Saturnian Line, or Line of Fate (of which we will\nspeak further on), in the palm of the hand. This mount also denotes a\ntendency to occult science. Those born specially under the influence of\nSaturn are timid, lovers of solitude, and very seldom marry, but are\nvery persistent in their affections when they do love.\n\nSaturn, when well developed, gives prudence, wisdom and, to a certain\nextent, success; when in excess it gives sadness, taciturnity,\nasceticism, dread of the after-life and yet, sometimes, a\npredisposition to suicide. The total absence of the mount indicates an\ninsignificant existence.\n\nThe Mount of the Sun is placed at the root of the third finger, which\nwas sacred to the Sun; when this mount is well developed it indicates\nlove of art and literature, which shows itself (according to\ntemperament) in poetry, painting, sculpture, or music; it gives also\nreligion of the \u00e6sthetic, tolerant sort, grace, riches and celebrity;\nin excess it gives love of show, frivolity and vaingloriousness. The\ntotal absence of the mount means a thoroughly material existence;\nabsence of all taste for art--a life without colour, a day without\nsunlight.\n\nThe Mount of Mercury is found at the base of the fourth finger, and,\nwhen well defined, indicates intelligence, success in science and in\noccult studies, the love of work and activity, both of mind and body\nand eloquence; in excess it gives impudence, theft and falsehood:\nabsence of the mount indicates no aptitude for science, no\nintellectuality--a negative existence. Of course, should the Mount of\nthe Sun be well defined, the last quality would be overridden by the\nsuccess which that indicates.\n\nThe Mount of Mars is at the side of the hand opposite the thumb, just\nbelow the Mount of Mercury, and, when well developed, indicates\ncourage, ardour and resolution; in excess it gives cruelty, anger,\nrevenge and tyranny: the absence of the mount gives cowardice and want\nof self-command.\n\nThe Mount of the Moon is found immediately below that of Mars, and,\nwhen well developed, gives imagination of the dreamy, sentimental\norder, gentle melancholy and love of solitude; in excess it gives\nmorbid melancholy, caprice and fantastic imagination: the absence of\nthe mount indicates want of poetry in the nature, positivism.\n\nThe Mount of Venus, which is formed by the root of the thumb,\nindicates, when fairly developed, love of the beautiful, melody in\nmusic, the desire of pleasing and sensuous tenderness; in excess it\ngives love of material pleasures, coquetry, inconstancy and (when other\nsigns, afterwards to be explained, are also seen in the hand) extreme\nsensuality.\n\nEach planet has a special influence over certain parts of the body.\nJupiter governs the head and lungs; Saturn, the spleen and ears; the\nSun, heart, eyes and arms; Mercury, the liver and legs; Mars, the head\nand throat; the Moon and Venus, the lower parts of the body. Any excess\nin the length or size of the fingers or mounts argues a tendency to\ndisease in the organs represented by that finger or mount. When a\nmount is--instead of being high--broad and full, it gives the same\nindications as if it were high; if much covered with lines it shows an\noverabundance of the quality of the mount, and is equal to an excess of\nheight. _One_ deep perpendicular line upon a mount is a fortunate sign;\n_two_ show danger of too great force of the quality; and _three_ give\nmisfortune arising from excess of the qualities of the mount. Crossway\nlines on the mount always denote obstacles. Some old Italian writers\naffirm that fine cross lines on a mount signify wounds to that part of\nthe body over which the mount on which they are seen has influence.\n\nThe mounts are often irregularly placed. If one should lean towards the\nother, it absorbs some of the qualities of the mount which it invades.\n\n [Illustration: _To face Chapter XVII._]\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XVII.\n\nTHE LINE OF LIFE\n\n\nThe ancient Chiromancists divided the Line of Life into ten\ncompartments (see plate), each representing ten years of life, and thus\nthey were enabled to prognosticate at what date in the life the\nillnesses or dangers indicated by the form or colour of the line would\nbe likely to happen. This plate is copied from one in the Sieur de\nPeruchio's interesting work, _La Chiromance_, published in Paris in\n1657.\n\nIt will be noticed that the mounts are here indicated by the\nastrological symbols of the various planets they represent, Mars being\nplaced on the Plain of Mars, and again on the Mount of Mars, which, as\nwe have already seen, lies immediately below the Mount of Mercury, It\nwill also be seen that the signs of the zodiac are also represented on\nthe hand: Aries (March), which begins the astrological year, is placed\nat the base of the hand, close to the Mount of Venus; Taurus (April) is\non the Mount of Venus; Gemini (May) is at the base of the Mount of\nJupiter. These represent the spring-tide of the year, and also of life:\ntherefore they are placed on and near Venus, which planet represents\nhappiness and enjoyment. The signs Cancer (June), Leo (July) and Virgo\n(August) represent the second age, which is given to the accumulation\nof riches and honours: so these signs appear on the finger of Jupiter.\nIn the third age a person is supposed to enter upon the enjoyment of\ndignities, therefore Libra (September), Scorpio (October) and\nSagittarius (November) are on the third finger, that of the Sun, which\nis supposed to accord position and reputation. The last months of the\nastrological year are thus placed: Capricornus (December) is beneath\nthe Mount of the Sun; Aquarius (January) is on the upper part of the\nMount of the Moon; and Pisces (February) will be seen at the base of\nthe Mount.\n\nWhen the Line of Life is long, well-formed, slightly coloured and goes\nall round the thumb, it indicates a long life and free from serious\nillness; but when the line is wide and pale in colour, it indicates bad\nhealth; when it is short, it means early death.\n\nIf the Line of Life is broken on one hand, but is marked in a\ncontinuous line on the other, these signs indicate an illness of a very\nserious nature; but if the broken line should appear in _both_ hands,\nit means death at the epoch corresponding with the place on the line\nwhere the break occurs. When the Line of Life is not clearly defined,\nbut is formed by a sort of chain of small lines, it indicates\ncontinuous small illnesses.\n\nWhen the Line of Life, instead of starting from the side of the hand,\ntakes its rise in the Mount of Jupiter, which is sometimes, but rarely,\nthe case, it indicates a life of successful ambition, honours and\ncelebrity--qualities given by the influence of Jupiter.\n\nIf the Line of Life joins the Line of the Heart and the Line of the\nHead, it indicates grave misfortune or violent death, by which the\nancients probably meant to infer that when the heart and the head are\ndominated by merely vital instincts, the life is menaced by misfortune,\nbut, when the Line of Life is _very far_ from the Line of Head, it\nindicates a life that accomplishes its course without much\nintelligence; so also if the Line of Life is very far from the Line of\nHeart, it indicates a life without love.\n\nWhen the Line of Life is bi-forked at its termination, near the wrist,\nit means a total change in the way of life towards its close and,\nshould one of the branches tend towards the Mount of the Moon, it\nindicates madness towards the end of existence. A double Line of Life\nis sometimes, but rarely, seen: this indicates excess of health and\nlong life and also success in a military career. This line is sometimes\ncalled the Line of Mars. To a woman it indicates success in love. Three\nstars inside the line, but so close to it as to be almost on it, show\nthat the subject will be much loved of men or women as the sex will\ndetermine, but that these signs will bring distress.\n\nA circle on the Line of Life shows loss of an eye or disease of the eye\nat the period at which it appears on the line. If two circles appear\nthe person will become blind. If the Line of Life terminates with many\nsmall lines it means slight illnesses towards the close of life.\n\nA woman having two crosses on the upper part of the Line of Life is\nsensuous and immodest. A line going from the Line of Life and\nterminating with an island on the Mount of Jupiter shows lung disease\nor pleurisy at the time where such line starts. If at the end of the\nLine of Life, towards the wrist, there is a small triangle, it denotes\nloquacity and falsehood; but with a good Line of Head and Heart, tact\nand eloquence.\n\nWhen the Line of Life throws branches upwards towards the Plain of Mars\nit means that, after long struggles, riches and honours will be\nacquired in old age. A line upwards from the Line of Life to the Mount\nof Jupiter shows success by the subject's own merits. This often makes\nits appearance quite suddenly.\n\nA black spot on the Line of Life indicates an illness or some\nmisfortune which affects the health. Lines going from the base of the\nthumb across the Mount of Venus and cutting the Line of Life denote\nillness from money worries if they stop at the Line of Head; and from\nheart troubles if they go direct to the Line of Heart. A line going\nfrom the Line of Life straight to the Mount of Saturn indicates\naccident from a four-footed beast. A line going from the Mount of Venus\nto the Line of Heart and terminating with a fork shows separation after\nmarriage.[17] When this is seen, in conjunction with an island on the\nline of Fate, it has a worse indication--that of adultery and divorce.\n_One_ deep line going from the joint of the thumb across the Mount\nof Venus and just cutting the Line of Life indicates a deep heart\nsorrow from the death or faithlessness of someone much loved.\n\n [17] The date of this event would be determined by the place\n where the separation line crosses the Line of Fate.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XVIII.\n\nTHE LINE OF HEART AND LINE OF HEAD\n\n\nThe Line of Heart is placed immediately beneath the mounts at the root\nof each finger. This line, when clear, straight and well coloured,\nrising in the Mount of Jupiter and extending to the outer edge of the\nhand, signifies that its possessor has a good heart capable of strong\naffection. If, instead of commencing on the Mount of Jupiter, it does\nnot take its rise till the Mount of Saturn, then the love will, in that\nnature, be rather of a sensual character. The Line of Heart sometimes\nstretches across the whole of the hand; such a line announces a too\ngreat amount of tenderness--a passionate and blind devotion in\naffection.\n\nWhen the Line of Heart is broken in several places, it means\ninconstancy, both in love and friendship. Should the breaks be seen\nimmediately beneath the Mount of Saturn, it indicates a tragic end to\nthe love; if beneath the Mount of the Sun, by pride;[18] but if between\nthe Mount of Saturn and the Mount of the Sun, the heart-break will be\noccasioned by folly; if between the Mounts of Apollo and Mercury, by\ncupidity--the desire to make a better marriage in a worldly point of\nview; if the break occurs immediately beneath the Mount of Mercury, the\nevil issue of the love will be from caprice.\n\n [18] If the Sun is one of the dominant planets, the Line of\n Heart broken under the Mount of the Sun shows serious\n physical affection of the heart; if this sign is on both\n hands it is fatal.\n\nWhen the Line of the Heart appears in the form of the links of a chain\ninstead of in one clear line, it indicates inconstancy and\nindecision--a tendency towards a series of _amourettes_ rather\nthan to a high and serious affection. If it goes round to the\npercussion of the hand it indicates jealousy.\n\nThe Line of Heart of a deep red colour indicates a power of love ardent\neven to violence; but when, on the contrary, the Line of Heart is pale\nand wide, it is an indication of coldness of temperament.\n\nWhen, at its starting-point, the Line of Heart is seen to turn round\nthe base of the Mount of Jupiter somewhat in the form of a circle, it\nis what the ancient Chiromancists called \"Solomon's Ring,\" and\nindicates an aptitude for the occult sciences. If the Line of Heart\njoins the Line of Life between the thumb and forefinger, it is a sign\n(if the mark is in _both_ hands) of a violent death; if only in one, of\na serious, but not fatal, illness connected with the heart.\n\nShould the Line of Heart droop towards the Line of Head and touch it,\nit is a sign of coldness in the affections: the instincts of the heart\nare swayed by worldly considerations. Red punctures on the Line of\nHeart mean as many wounds in the affections as there are spots. White\nspots, on the contrary, show the persons of the opposite sex who, at\nsome time of the subject's life, have given him, or her, a strong love.\nShould the spot be at the beginning of the line, above the Mount of\nVenus, the person will have the appearance and qualities given by that\nplanet; if under the Mount of Jupiter he would be a Jupiterian; if\nunder Saturn he would have the appearance and character of a Saturnian;\nunder the Sun of a Sun person; if under Mercury the appearance and\ncharacter would be those of a Mercurian; if near the side of the hand,\nof Mars; and if quite at the percussion of the hand, the qualities and\nphysical appearance given by the Moon would describe the person.\n\nIf, on starting, the Line of Heart is bi-forked and one branch of the\nfork rises towards the Mount of Jupiter, it indicates great happiness\nof a glorious nature; but if the other branch stops between the finger\nof Jupiter and that of Saturn, it is merely negative happiness--a life\npassed without great misfortunes. When a hand (but this is rare) is\nentirely without the Line of Heart it indicates an iron will,\nwickedness and cruelty, unless the Ring of Venus is deep and goes\ntowards the Mount of Mercury, in which case it would supply the place\nof the Line of Heart.\n\nThe Line of the Head rises between the Line of Life and the Mount of\nJupiter and, when it is long and clear, it denotes a sound judgment,\ngood memory and masterly intellect; but it must not extend across the\nhand in a _straight line_, as that signifies a disposition to avarice,\nor at any rate of extreme economy, because unless corrected by a rich\nLine of Heart, it would indicate an excess of calculation in the\ncharacter.\n\nIf the Line of Head is long, but droops towards the Mountain of the\nMoon, it signifies ideality in excess. Life and its numerous duties and\ncares will be considered from an artistic and unreal point of view, for\nthe Mount of the Moon, it will be remembered, represents imagination in\nexcess, romanticism and superstition; and if the Line of the Head\ndroops very low to the Mount of the Moon, it indicates more than\nsuperstition--it is then mysticism.\n\nIf, instead of drooping towards the Mount of the Moon, the Line of Head\nrises towards the mounts at its close, the intellect will partake of\nthe qualities of that mount towards which it rises: thus, if it rises\nbeneath the Mount of Mercury, the intellect will be employed\nsuccessfully in affairs or on the stage; if towards the Sun, in art and\nliterature.\n\nThe Line of the Head pale-coloured and wide indicates a want of\nintelligence; so also does a very short line, only extending half-way\nacross the hand. This is often seen in persons of medium intellect.\n\nThe Line of the Head broken in two immediately under the Mount of\nSaturn means, where the sign is on both hands, death on the scaffold,\nor at least, a fatal wound on the head. When this sign appears in only\none hand (no matter which), it indicates a probability of madness from\nan unfortunate passion, or a broken limb, or a blow, but not fatal, on\nthe head. When it is broken under the Mount of the Sun it shows injury\nto the right arm or, in a very artistic hand, illness from over-strain\nof the mental powers.\n\nIf the Line of the Head is long, thin and not deeply marked, it shows\ninfidelity and treachery. If, towards its close, it mounts suddenly to\nthe Line of the Heart, it signifies early death.\n\nWhen the Line of Head is cut by a number of small hair lines, it\nindicates continuous nervous headaches; a cross in the middle of the\nline is a sign of approaching death, or of a mortal wound.\n\nWhen the Line of the Head is not joined to the Line of Life at its\nstarting-point, it indicates self-confidence and impulsiveness,\njealousy and that sort of untruth which springs from exaggeration of\nfacts, from over-impressionability. With the planets of Mars and\nJupiter in excess, the Line of Head separate from the Line of Life\ngives audacity and enthusiasm and, therefore, success.\n\nIf large, round, red spots are seen on the Line of Head, they indicate\nso many wounds on the head; whilst white spots on the Line of the Head\nindicate as many successes in literature as there are spots to be seen.\n\nA star on the Line of Head means a wound on the head, or madness if the\nline droops much to the Mount of the Moon, and the star appears at its\ntermination.\n\nA sister (or double line) of Head is rarely seen; but if it appears it\nis a sure sign of fortune by inheritance.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XIX.\n\nTHE SATURNIAN LINE\n\n\nWhen the Saturnian Line starts from the wrist, exactly below the finger\nof Saturn, and goes in a direct line to it, cutting through the mount,\nbut stopping at the root of the finger, it is a sign of a life of\nextreme happiness. If the line goes toward the mount of Jupiter, this\nhappiness is the result of a marriage bringing both riches and love. If\nthe Saturnian Line stops short at the Line of Head, it is misfortune in\naffairs through a false calculation; or, taken in conjunction with a\ntroubled Line of Life, it would mean a physical brain affection.\n\nIf the Saturnian Line is straight and well-coloured at its\ntermination--that is, as it nears the finger of Saturn--it indicates\nhappiness and success in old age, however troubled the life may have\nbeen before. If this line only starts from the Line of Head, it denotes\npoverty and stupidity.\n\nThe age, on the Saturnian Line, is counted from the wrist upwards; from\nthe wrist to the Line of Head chiromancists count thirty-five years,[19]\nfrom the Line of Head to the Line of Heart fifteen years; and from the\nLine of Heart to the root of the finger are the remaining years of\nLife.\n\n [19] If the Head Line it placed very low, then the date where\n it crosses the Saturnian Line would be 30, and if the Heart\n Line is proportionately low the date where it crosses the\n Saturnian would be 45 years.\n\nIf the Saturnian Line is broken and irregular, it means trouble and\nworry in life; and according to whether these breaks occur on the Line\nof Head or on the Line of Heart, so will the troubles be of the head or\nheart--troubles arising from affairs or from the affections. If the\nLine of Life be irregular, denoting uncertain health, these troubles\nmay be physical evils to the heart or head.\n\nShort Lines crossing the Saturnian show vexations in either the affairs\nor in love-matters. A downward branch from the Saturnian going towards\nthe Moon shows sorrow from the death or treachery of a woman. This is\nthe same whether it be on a man's or a woman's hand.\n\nIf the Saturnian Line is twisted in a sort of spiral at the\nstarting-point, but yet the upper part of it goes in a clear, direct\nline to the Mount of Saturn, and cuts through it to the root of the\nfinger without penetrating beyond, it indicates a troubled and anxious\nyouth, followed by riches and good fortune in middle age. If the\ntwisted line continues and crosses the Line of the Head and the Line of\nthe Heart, the troubles will continue until old age, and the good\nfortune be only quite at the close of life. A triangle, or small\nisland, at the commencement of the line, shows death of the father or\nmother in early childhood.\n\nIf the Mount of Saturn is much wrinkled, and the Saturnian Line cuts\nthrough it, and is of a deep-red colour, and mounts as high as the\nthird joint of the finger of Saturn, it indicates a violent and\ndisgraceful end--death on the gallows. Upward lines from the Saturnian\nLine mean events of happy omen either in the affections or affairs at\nthe age shown on the line; downward lines have the reverse\nsignification.\n\nThere are some hands in which the Saturnian Line is very faintly\nindicated and, when this is the case, it signifies an uneventful,\ninsignificant existence. The Esquimaux, for example, who live in a\nwretched climate, and live hard, unlovely lives, have absolutely, some\nof them, _no_ Saturnian Line in their hands; and M. Serres, a\nfamous French anthropologist, asserts that this line (which he calls\nthe Caucasian Line) is only to be found in the hands of the white\nraces; whilst M. Desbarrolles, another French writer on this subject,\ngoes farther, and affirms that, among persons condemned to a dry,\nunintellectual vegetative life, even among the white races, the\nSaturnian Line is often found entirely wanting.\n\nThe Saturnian Line is one of great importance, for it corrects and\nmodifies the significations both of the lines and of the mounts.\n\nA double Saturnian Line, which is sometimes, but very rarely, seen,\nindicates great moral corruption and physical infirmities, brought\nabout by abuse of material pleasures. A cross upon the line shows a\nchange of position or a crisis in the affections at the age indicated\nby its position on the line. A star on the line shows disaster at the\ndate at which it appears.\n\nDownward lines from the Line of Heart towards the Fate Line show heart\nsorrows at the period when they cross the line. Widowhood is indicated\nin this way if the Line of Fate breaks and shows a total change in the\nway of life immediately afterwards. It sometimes only means a death at\nthe period when it crosses the Fate Line.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XX.\n\nTHE LINE OF THE SUN AND LINE OF HEALTH\n\n\nThe Line of the Sun takes its rise either in the Line of Life or from\nthe Mount of the Moon, and, ascending, it traces a furrow in the Mount\nof the Sun, but stops at the root of the finger; it signifies, when\nstraight and well defined, and taking the course we have described,\ncelebrity in literature or art, whether in poetry, painting, sculpture,\nor music. The mounts decide in some measure which branch of art is\npreferred. With Venus large it would probably be music or painting;\nwith the Moon much developed, poetry--or at any rate literature of an\nelevated kind. Those having the Line of Sun thus traced, even who are\nnot artists by profession and whom destiny has placed in quite\ninartistic careers, will always have artistic tastes, eye for colour,\near for music, or a perception of beauty in form or in language. Where\nthe line only begins in the Line of Heart the artistic feeling is only\nappreciative, not productive, but when it rises as low as the Mount of\nthe Moon, it signifies _creative_ power.\n\nIf the Line of the Sun subdivides, in traversing the Mount of the Sun,\ninto several lines, it indicates a tendency to cultivate several\nbranches of art, which prevents the success which generally crowns\nexcess of artistic feeling when confined in its expression to one\nespecial art; it also indicates too great a struggle after effect in\nart; it is more significative of the dilettante, or patron of art\ngenerally, than the artist _pur et simple_. When the Line of the Sun,\nin its upward course, is barred by several transverse lines, there are\nobstacles in the career of art; but if the line continues and marks a\nsingle deep furrow in the mount till it reaches the root of the finger,\nthese obstacles will, in the end, be conquered and success, riches,\nhonours and celebrity will be attained. In a hand where the Sun Line\nbegins above the Head Line, the deep line at its close only means\nriches after fifty, and has nothing to do with art.\n\nThe Line of Health, or, as it is sometimes called, the Line of the\nLiver, takes its rise at the wrist, near the Line of Life, and mounts\nin the direction of the Mount of Mercury. If it is well coloured and\nthe line is not broken, it denotes good health, great power of memory\nand success in business pursuits; if the line becomes broken, or is\nforked at its close, before it reaches the mount, it indicates severe\nillness in old age. If this line starts from the Line of Life it is a\nsure sign of weakness of the heart's action. If the line is unequally\ncoloured and gets redder as it crosses the Line of Head, it indicates a\npredisposition to apoplexy; if it stops suddenly on the Line of the\nHeart, a serious physical heart affection is likely.\n\nThe Line of Health sometimes takes a curved form on _one_ hand, forming\na sort of half-circle, from the Mount of the Moon to the Mount of\nMercury. In this case it is called the Line of Presentiment and\nindicates vivid intuition, especially if Mercury is strong in his\ninfluence. When the Line of Health on _both_ hands takes this form, it\nindicates mediumistic powers and powerful second sight. Should there be\na long island at the starting-point, that is, near the Mount of the\nMoon in the Line of Presentiment, it indicates somnambulism.\n\nWhen the Line of Health forms a large and distinct cross with the Line\nof Head, it shows a disposition for the study of occult science, but\nthis is not the mystical cross which will be described farther on. An\nisland on this line shows some internal illness at the date on which it\nappears on the line--that is, if before it reaches the Head Line, it\nwould be _before_ thirty-five; if after and between the Lines of\nHead and Heart, it would be between thirty-five and fifty; if later,\nduring the remainder years of life. A twisted Liver Line is a sign of\nbiliousness and indigestion; if it is of a red colour (as it frequently\nis where Mars is one of the ruling planets) it shows a tendency to\nfeverish complaints.\n\nThe Line of Health is sometimes, but rarely, accompanied by another\nline called the Milky Way; when this line commences side by side with\nthe Line of Health and mounts with it in an unbroken line, towards the\nfinger of Mercury, it signifies a long life of uninterrupted happiness.\nThis line, which is sometimes called the Via Lasciva, gives ardour in\nlove, because a super-abundance of health gives force to passion.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XXI.\n\nON THE RING OF VENUS, THE WRIST LINES AND THE LETTER M TO BE SEEN IN\nMOST HANDS\n\n\nThe Ring of Venus seems to enclose, as in an island, the Mounts of\nSaturn and the Sun; this line is not seen in many hands and, when fully\ndeveloped, signifies unbridled passion and debauchery of all kinds\nwhen, in conjunction with it, the Mount of Venus is strongly developed\nand marked with crossway lines.\n\nIf, with the signs mentioned above, the Ring of Venus is strongly\nmarked, yet _broken_ at its centre in _both_ hands, it is a sign of\neccentric and depraved passion; still, there are always modifications\nof these bad signs, and a very good Line of Head would, by bringing\nreason to bear upon passion, considerably mitigate the evil indications\nof the broken ring.\n\nWhen the Ring of Venus is seen on a hand where both the planets Venus\nand the Moon are strongly indicated and where it is traversed by\ninnumerable fine lines, it is a true sign of an hysterical temperament.\n\nSometimes the Ring of Venus will be seen to ascend and lose itself on\nthe Mount of Mercury, leaving one end of the semicircle open, which\nmitigates, in some sort, the terribly strong instincts of\nvoluptuousness indicated by this mark; but if, on the contrary, the\nsemicircle, after extending itself to the Mount of Mercury, closes\nitself at the root of the finger, such a mark in the hand would\nindicate a terrible and absorbing power of passion, which would not\nhesitate at any means to secure its end.\n\nA line traced on the wrist is a sign of long life and, if there are\nthree of these lines, as is sometimes seen, it forms the triple\nbracelet. These lines indicate, in Chiromancy, thirty years of life\neach and the three lines form what is called the magic bracelet,\nindicating long life, health and riches. If these lines are formed\nirregularly, like the links of a chain, and more especially if the\nfirst one--that next the hand--is so formed, it indicates a long life\nof labour, but acquiring ease and competency at its close. If a cross\nappears in the centre of the wrist, it indicates a rich heritage at the\nclose of life.\n\nWhen lines start upwards from the bracelet, and ascend towards the\nMount of the Moon, they denote as many travels by land as there are\nlines. If a line starts from the wrist and, after traversing the Plain\nof Mars, goes to the Mount of the Sun, such a line presages riches and\nhonours coming from royalty.\n\nWhen these travel lines go as high as the Line of Head and Heart, they\ndenote journeys during which some person is met who influences either\nthe fortunes or the affections, according to whether the line stops at\nthe Line of Head or Heart.\n\nLines lengthways on the Mount of the Moon mean sea-voyages; if these\nlines terminate with a star, it denotes shipwreck; if on both hands,\ndeath by drowning.\n\nThe letter M, formed more or less regularly in every hand by the Line\nof Life, the Line of Head and the Line of Heart, represents the three\nworlds--the material, the natural and the divine.\n\nThe first, the Line of Life, surrounds Love and Generation, as\nrepresented by the thumb, which is, as we have seen, sacred to\nVenus--the material world, or world of sense--but the Mount of Venus\nmay either degenerate love to vice, or perfectionate it to tenderness.\nWith high instincts the Mount of Venus is a good quality, since,\n_without it_, all the other passions are hard and selfish.\n\nThe second line--the Line of the Head--stretches across the natural\nworld; it traverses the Plain and the Mount of Mars, which represent\nthe struggle of Love and Reason in existence--the natural world, life\nas it presents itself to most persons. There is in the hand the Plain\nof Mars and the Mount of Mars; both mean a struggle: the Mount is the\nstruggle of resistance; the Plain of Mars (which is between the Lines\nof Head and Heart) is the struggle of aggression.\n\nThe third line, that of the Heart, encloses the divine world, for it\nsurrounds the mounts which represent Religion, Jupiter; Fate, Saturn;\nArt, the Sun; Science, Mercury; all of which are especially influenced\nby the astral light, or fluid, emanating from the planets.\n\nAccording to the proportions--the relative proportions--which these\nthree lines bear to one another, so the life is influenced by the three\ndifferent worlds represented. Thus we have a hand in which material\n(sensual) pleasure dominates: the line of the material world enclosing\na space greatly superior to that of the two others. It is needless to\ngive further examples of these differences, for, after all, this matter\nis but a _r\u00e9sum\u00e9_ of what has been said before about the power of\ncorrection which one line has over the others. Given a wide range to\nsensual pleasure in the hand, but a good and extensive Line of the\nHead, the former will be corrected by it, as reason dominates passion;\nor given the strong powers of sensuality, with a wide range to the\ndivine world by the space occupied between the Line of Heart and the\nmounts, and again, religion, love of art and science, will correct and\nkeep under extreme sensuality. In reading the hand, each line must be\njudged with reference to the others, and the hand must be considered in\nall its bearings, before an opinion on the tendencies it indicates can\nbe arrived at with any degree of correctness.\n\n [Illustration: _To face Chapter XXII._]\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XXII.\n\nCONCERNING CHANCE LINES; THAT IS, LINES WHICH ARE SOMETIMES--BUT ONLY\nRARELY--SEEN ON ANY HAND\n\n\nWhen two lines, starting from the Mount of Venus, join with a star on\nthe Plain of Mars (see Plate 3, Fig. 1) it indicates two loves carried\non at once and both having a disastrous issue.\n\nA square with spots at all four corners placed on the Mount of the Sun\n(see Fig. 2) shows danger by fire with preservation.\n\nA line from the Mount of Mars going to the Mount of the Sun (see Fig.\n3) indicates love of glory, desire to attain distinction in life. A\nperson with this mark in his hand would be stimulated rather than\nintimidated by a large audience, and would have great success in\naddressing multitudes. This line is good for soldiers, orators and\nactors, as it shows force, energy and moral as well as physical\ncourage.\n\nThe figure of the sign Aquarius when seen on the Mount of the Moon (see\nFig. 4) is a certain sign of death by drowning, _even when marked on\none hand only_.\n\nA circle on the Heart Line beneath the finger of Mercury (see Fig. 5)\ndenotes the person as likely to cause--though unwittingly--the death of\nsomeone much loved.\n\nA star on the Mount of Venus, low down on the Mount (see Fig. 6),\nindicates a man or woman who shall fall into dishonour by reason of\nsensual indulgence or unnatural vice.\n\nA line starting from the Wrist Line, crossing the Mount of Venus and\nending in a star on the palm of the hand (see Fig. 7), indicates that\nthe person will lose some dearly-loved friend in a tragic manner.\n\nThe symbol of the planet Saturn, when seen in the palm of the hand (see\nFig. 8), denotes the person to be malicious beyond expression, and\nlikely to cause the death of someone by poison.\n\nA line starting from the Head Line going through the Mount of Jupiter\nwith a star (see Fig. 9), is an indication of a violent death before\nthe age of thirty. Should the person be ruled by Venus, by poison; if\nunder the Moon, by drowning; if under the Sun, by fire; if under Mars,\nby firearms; if under Jupiter, by horse accident; if under Mercury, by\nfits consequent on loss of money.\n\nThe Saturnian Line, crossed by transverse lines on the Mount of Saturn\n(see Fig. 10), indicates dangerous, but not fatal, wounds on the head.\n\nMany rings encircling the thumb (see Fig. 11) indicate an amorous and\nvery inconstant disposition in either man or woman.\n\nTwo lines starting from the middle of the Mount of Venus and\nterminating in the form of an apex on the Mount of the Moon (see Fig.\n12) indicate a great tendency to hysteria and to abnormal attachments;\nthe latter is more especially indicated if Saturn and the Moon should\nbe the ruling planets.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XXIII.\n\nCONCERNING THE FINGERS AND THUMB AND NAILS\n\n\nAs the shapes and relative proportions of the fingers to the palm\nmodify the indications given by the lines and mounts, it is necessary\nto consider them very attentively before giving a judgment in\nChiromancy.\n\nFingers longer than the palm and with pointed tips show idealism; they\nare the expression of the Moon's influence when she is well-dignified\nat a birth. The Mount of the Moon in these hands would always be large.\nPeople with these fingers see everything in the golden light of\nimagination and find happiness in dreams of intangible beauty; poetical\nexpression (ethereal, not passionate) is their natural language. They\nalways incline to the marvellous--the sublime, the spiritualistic side\nof all things. Theirs the belief in omens, in occult literature, in the\nsupernatural. Without, perhaps attaching themselves to any fixed creed,\nthey are, by nature, worshippers; and the mysterious moan of the sea,\nthe song of the brook, the roar of the torrent, and the sighing of the\nwind, are to them but so many revelations of the Deity. They are loyal\nto old associations and are never in advance of their age. They are\neasily moved to tears and are graceful in all their gestures. They can,\nin exalted moments, do without the necessaries of life and yet, from\ntheir intuitive worship of the beautiful, they are lovers of the\nluxurious superfluities which make up an elegant and refined existence.\nPeople with these fingers do not age much; their hearts are eternally\nyoung, for they live a life of perpetual illusion and though often,\nalas! necessarily disappointed in both men and things, they never\nentirely lose faith in the poetry of existence.\n\nFingers the same length as the palm, and with slightly pointed tips,\nshow refinement, correct taste and love of art--these are the fingers\nof those born under the dominant influence of the Sun.\n\nFingers the same length as the palm, but fleshy at their base and\nsquare at the tips, show practicality, family affection, love of\nanimals, good judgment, respect for the world's opinion and much\nappreciation of material comfort. These fingers show the strong\ninfluence of Jupiter.\n\nLong fingers, knotty at the joints and with square tips, show reasoning\npower and taste for science. Persons with these fingers are always in\nharmony with progress and have little or no veneration and are,\ntherefore, never stirred by associations; with the antiquity of\nCatholicism, its mystical and somewhat sensuous worship, its celibate\npriesthood and golden aureole of saints and martyrs, persons having\nthese fingers have no sympathy. If they belong to any fixed creed (and\ntheir logical powers are rather against this) they prefer\nProtestantism--or its offshoot, Dissent--where their real deity,\nReason, is permitted full sway. These people love--with all the force\nof their nature--the study of history, jurisprudence, mathematics and\nthe exact sciences. They are naturally clever at calculation and have\nmuch sense of order. Such fingers show the influence of Saturn, but not\nwhen most dignified; Saturn when most exalted gives mysticism, but then\nthe fingers are not knotted at the joints and the tips are always\nspatulated.\n\nFingers that are shorter than the palm and with spatulated tips, show\nsensuality in love and materialism in all things, energy, love of field\nsports and indomitable courage. Such fingers indicate the influence of\nMars at birth.\n\nFingers shorter than the palm, but with very pointed tips and thick at\nthe base, show self-indulgence and love of luxury. Persons with such\nfingers are very sensuous and are, therefore, ardent pursuers of\nmaterial pleasures, but yet with a certain refinement of taste which\nprevents their becoming grossly sensual. Such fingers are often seen in\nthe hands of singers of both sexes; they indicate the strong influence\nof Venus in the nativity.\n\nFingers that are slender and longer than the palm, but with spatulate\ntips, indicate versatility, wit and intuitive perception. Such fingers\nshow the dominant influence of Mercury.\n\nIn the relative lengths of the three divisions of the fingers\nChiromancy also recognises the indications of three separate\ninfluences--that of the soul, that of the mind, and that of the body.\nFingers that have the first division (that containing the nail) long,\nshow high aspirations and power of veneration--soul; fingers with the\nsecond division longer than the other two indicate intellectual\nforce--mind; whilst fingers having the lowest division longest show a\nlove of material pleasure: people having such fingers, unless there are\nother modifying indications in the hand, are slaves to the body.\n\nThe first joint of the thumb (that which is nearest the nail)\nrepresents _Will_; therefore, when this is short, such a form indicates\nwant of will--a character very impressionable and therefore easily led;\nwhen this joint is long, it indicates great power of will and therefore\nforce of character. The second joint represents logic, judgment and\nreason; therefore, where this joint is long these qualities exist in\nexcess and, where it is short, they are wanting in both.\n\nThe third joint (that which is outside the Mount of Venus) represents\nthe power which love--more especially the love between the sexes--will\nhave on the character. If long and thick it implies the existence of\nstrong passion; if short and flat a cold disposition--no attraction\ntowards the opposite sex.\n\nPoets have frequently the first joint of the thumb short (because want\nof will gives the rein to impulse and impressionability), and whilst\nthe second--the intellectual one--is fairly long, the third is almost\nalways large, full and long. This combination of impressionability,\nintellectuality and warmth of passion gives us the poets full of \"the\nsweet, sad music of humanity.\"\n\nThese various types of finger-tips are often seen in the same hand,\nwhich shows that several planets have much the same amount of\ninfluence, in which case the following indications should be\nconsidered: The finger of Jupiter pointed gives idealistic religion and\nsense of honour; square, it would show reasoning power; spatulate,\nenergy and impulse.\n\nThe finger of Saturn is rarely pointed, but when it is so, it rather\nmitigates the melancholy given by the planet and shows callousness and\n(if Mercury is strong in the hand) frivolity. Square tipped, it\nindicates prudence, love of agriculture and mechanical genius;\nspatulate, which is the ordinary termination of this finger, it\nbetokens sadness and superstition, and, when the finger is abnormally\nlong, a tendency to suicide; especially where, with it, there is a\nsmall weak thumb.\n\nThe third finger--that of the Sun--pointed shows idealism and artistic\ntastes; when square-tipped, realism in art and a love of wealth;\nspatulate, it gives spirit of adventure, especially when it is as long\nas the first finger; when the third finger is _longer_ than the first\nand spatulate it indicates love of gambling and of speculation.\n\nThe fourth finger--that of Mercury--pointed shows occultism, intuitive\nperception, eloquence and talent for languages; square at the tip it\ndenotes logic, facility of expression, science and love of research;\nspatulate, it gives movement, vivacity and, where the rest of the hand\nis bad, knavery in business and theft; a very short little finger shows\nunselfishness and, some old writers say, happiness in marriage.\n\nA pointed thumb gives impressionability; square at its tip, decided but\nnot obstinate will; the thumb bending outward shows generosity and\nimpulse and, when much bent inwards towards the palm of the hand,\navarice and reticence. People with short fingers are quicker, more\nimpulsive and have more intuition than those who possess long fingers.\nThose with long fingers have much love of detail--often to a worrying\nextent; they are inquisitive and somewhat distrustful.\n\nAs regards the nails, short strong nails show courage, combativeness\nand critical faculties. White polished and filbert-shaped nails\nindicate sensitiveness and refinement, but no force of character.\nShort, weak, crooked and black-coloured nails show deceit and\nslothfulness. Round nails indicate a luxurious, pleasure-loving nature.\nVery thin nails--especially when the tips are bent inwardly--show\ndelicacy of constitution. Red nails with little white marks on them\nindicate a choleric and cruel nature.\n\nThose who have on the root of the thumb--that is, on the Mount of\nVenus--many crossbar lines are sensual and prone to gross indulgence in\nlicentiousness. They who have these marks on their hands will have in\ntheir nativity--Venus in the 6th or 8th house (which houses rule the\nlower parts of the body), thus showing the entire concordance of\nChiromancy with Astrology.\n\n [Illustration: _To face Chapter XXIV._]\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XXIV.\n\nOF THE VARIOUS MARKS TO BE SEEN ON THE HAND\n\n\nBesides the Lines and Mounts already described there are other signs or\nmarks which, as they modify the qualities given by the lines and\nmounts, should be carefully considered in giving judgment on the hand\nas a whole.\n\nA star (Fig. 1) indicates something beyond our own power of action--a\nfatality for good or evil over which we have, personally, no power. A\nstar on the Mount of Jupiter indicates honours and distinction in\nmarriage and great and unexpected glory, for Jupiter is always a\nfavourable planet.\n\nA star on the Mount of Saturn means assassination or death on the\nscaffold; or, in an otherwise good hand, death by paralysis.\n\nA star on the Mount of the Sun (with no Line of the Sun) indicates\nfatal riches, which bring of themselves unhappiness in the affections.\nShould the Sun line be strong it would signify success in art, or\nmilitary glory in a hand where Mars is strong.\n\nA star on the Mount of Mercury shows theft and dishonour; on the Mount\nof Mars, death in battle; but a star on the plain of Mars, military\nglory.\n\nA star on the Mount of the Moon, when on a voyage line, means death by\ndrowning; when not on a voyage line, an illness connected with water,\nsuch as dropsy or diabetes.\n\nA star in the centre of the hand shows that some person of the opposite\nsex will influence the life in an unhappy manner.\n\nA star on the Mount of Venus means unhappiness caused by love.\n\nTwo stars on the top joint of the middle finger indicate death on the\nscaffold.\n\nA square (Fig. 2) shows power and energy of the qualities of the mount\non which it appears, except on the Mount of Venus, when it means\nimprisonment. A square announces preservation from accident when seen\nnear any indication of such accident.\n\nA circle (Fig. 3) on any of the mounts, but above all on the Mount of\nthe Sun, signifies success in the qualities given by the mount on which\nit appears; but a circle on the lines of the hand has always a bad\nsignification. A circle on the Line of Life means loss of one eye, and\ntwo circles would indicate total blindness.\n\nAn island (Fig. 4) is again always a bad sign; on the Line of Heart, it\nsignifies adultery; on the Line of Life, illness, corresponding in time\nto its position on the line; on the Line of Head, it would mean ruin\narising from false speculations, or if illness is shown on the Life\nLine, it might indicate brain illness or neuralgia; on the Line of\nHealth, disorders of the liver and the digestion; on the Saturnian\nLine, an island indicates happiness from an adulterous liaison; but if\nthe island is broken in shape, it indicates poignant grief arising from\nan illicit affection. The duration of these affections is shown by the\nsize of the island. An island at the commencement of the Saturnian Line\nindicates an event of an unfortunate nature, probably death of father\nor mother, in childhood or very early youth. The lines which go\nlengthways round the side of the hand, between the Line of Heart and\nthe root of the finger of Mercury, show the serious attachments. A\nhorizontal line barring these, or a black spot, shows widowhood. If the\nlines take the form of islands, it shows love for cousins or near\nrelatives.\n\nA triangle (Fig. 5) announces aptitudes of a favourable signification.\nOn Jupiter it shows diplomatic distinction; on Saturn, mystical\nability; on the Sun, success in art or literature; on Mars, military\nglory; on Venus, happiness in love; on Mercury, distinction in law,\nphysics, or mathematics; but on the Mount of the Moon it indicates\ndanger from the water.\n\nA branch (Fig. 6) shows aptitude in the qualities of the mount on which\nit appears.\n\nChains (Fig. 8) always show obstacles and worries in connection with\nthe qualities of the mount on which they appear.\n\nA spot (Fig. 9) is sometimes favourable and sometimes the reverse. Red\nspots on the Line of Heart mean physical suffering from that organ.\nWhite spots show love conquests, and the lover is indicated by the\nmount under which these spots appear by the physical description of the\nplanet to which the mount belongs.\n\nCurved lines (Fig. 10) mean disaster wherever they appear. On the Line\nof Head, madness, especially should the line droop to the Mount of the\nMoon.\n\nHair-lines (Fig. 11) show an excess of the quality of the line on which\nthey appear.\n\nCross-bars (Fig. 12) are always obstacles, and show excess in the\nqualities of the mounts on which they appear; on the Moon, morbid\nimagination; on Venus, lasciviousness.\n\nTwo lines going from the Mount of Venus to that of Mars denote the\npursuit of two love affairs at the same time, and a star joined to\nthese lines shows that the matter has ended or will end in disaster.\n\nA long island, extending from the Mount of Venus to that of Saturn,\nshows, on a woman's hand, seduction at the age when the sign crosses\nthe Line of Life. Should a square appear on the line, she escapes the\ntemptation.\n\nA Line extending from a star on the Mount of Venus, and terminating\nwith a fork on the Mount of Saturn, shows an unhappy marriage.\n\nA Line going from a star on the Mount of Venus straight to the Mount of\nthe Sun, foretells a great inheritance from the death of a near\nrelation.\n\n [Illustration: THE HAPPY HAND.\n\n _To face Chapter XXV._]\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XXV.\n\nTHE TRIANGLE, THE QUADRANGLE, AND THE HAPPY HAND\n\n\nThe Triangle is the name given to the space enclosed between the Line\nof Life, the Line of Head and the Line of Health. If the angle is an\nequal one and the lines well coloured, it signifies a good disposition\nboth as regards mind and body and also much health, courage, good\nreputation and a long and happy life. When the angles of the Triangle\nare not well defined, it signifies a dull and mean person, who will not\nrise above mediocrity. When the Triangle is wide as well as clearly\ndefined, it indicates liberality and nobility of mind. When it is\nnarrow, it signifies avarice, cowardice and poverty. If the Triangle is\naltogether wanting in a hand, it portends much evil, a short life and\nmuch illness. A cross in the Triangle shows a quarrelsome disposition.\n\nThe Quadrangle is the square space contained between the Lines of Heart\nand Head. When broad it signifies a liberal, courageous person with\nmuch sense of honour, who will attain to the highest dignities in his\nprofession and position in life.\n\nThose who have the Quadrangle narrow are covetous and deceitful, and\ntherefore untrustworthy in all business relations. A star in the middle\nof the Quadrangle shows honours and dignities, and a line from the\nMount of Mercury running down to the centre of the Quadrangle indicates\nthe friendship of great men, and much honour and distinction from these\nfriendships.\n\nIn the plate at the beginning of this chapter we have a sketch of what\nis called \"The Happy Hand,\" which is given as showing what are the\nhappiest prognostications to be shown on the hand. An explanation of\nthe lines and marks of this is given below.\n\n\n_The explanation of the Happy Hand._\n\nDouble Line of Life, which means good health and long life. The\nSaturnian Line straight and well-defined till it reaches its\ntermination on the Mount of Saturn, which shows happiness in domestic\nlife and good fortune to the end of life. Branches at beginning and end\nof the Heart Line, power of passionate tenderness. Cross on Mount of\nJupiter, love and marriage. Ring of Venus, power of passionate\nattachment and much force of sympathy. The Line of Head long with\nbranches to the Mount of the Moon, intellectual gifts and vivid\nimagination. Direct Line of the Sun, success in art and celebrity.\nUnion of Venus with Mercury, love and good fortune in connection with\nthe affections. Line of Health strong shows a vigorous constitution.\nTriple branches on the wrist, superabundance of vitality and long life.\n\nA Cross on the Mount of Venus. This, taken in conjunction with the\ncross on the Mount of Jupiter, shows happiness in married life.\n\nOf course it is seldom that such a conjunction of good lines is seen on\nthe same hand; but still, in those born under a fortunate conjunction\nof the stars, many of these lines are seen together; but such hands are\nrare, for anxiety, grief and disappointment are the general rule and\nhappiness the exception in this world.\n\n\n\n\nPart III.\n\nPHYSIOGNOMY\n\n \"La fisonomia \u00e8 lo specchio dell' anima.\"--FINETTA.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XXVI.\n\nPHYSIOGNOMY\n\n\n\"The face is the mirror of the soul,\" says Finetta, a medi\u00e6val Italian\nwriter on the subject of physiognomy; and, to those who take the\ntrouble to study the matter, the intelligence, the sentiments and the\ninstincts of a person are all clearly manifested by the form of the\nhead and features and their relative proportions, by the colouring of\nthe skin, eyes and hair, by the fugitive expressions which, to an\nattentive observer, are seen to pass over even the most impassable\nfaces, and \"last, but certainly not least,\" by the lines left by the\nhabitual passage of the expression of strong feeling, which, to the\nphysiognomist, are visible even when the face is in repose.\n\nWe are in the habit of applying the term physiognomy to the _face_\nonly, but the word has really a much wider signification. All things\nanimate and inanimate have their physiognomy and, when judging of the\ncharacter by the form of the features of the face, it would be\nimpossible to ignore that given by the shape of the head, for, without\naltogether believing that the brain is mapped out in the manner\ndescribed by phrenologists, there is no doubt that a good development\nof the front of the head shows intelligence, whilst a head which is\ninordinately protuberant at the back indicates the dominance of animal\ninstincts in the organisation. If the back of the head is quite flat,\nit indicates coldness--want of passion in the nature. A head which is\nlarge just above the ears shows a tendency to anger and if the signs of\nbenevolence on the brow and lips are entirely wanting it would mean\ncruelty; but in physiognomy the signs on both the head and face must be\nconsidered as a _whole_, and the qualities shown by _both_ must be\nweighed one against another, before any right judgment can be arrived\nat. In this study, as in that of graphology and chiromancy, a deductive\npower of mind is required. Among twenty persons who may be sufficiently\ninterested in physiognomy to study it, there will be scarcely more than\none who will become a good physiognomist. One among the countless\nobjections which have been urged against physiognomy is that many\nphysiognomists make erroneous judgments; but, granted that they do so,\nit is their want of discernment, or more probably their want of\ndeductivity--not the science--which fails.\n\nThere is a certain sort of _instinctive_ power of judging character by\nthe face, possessed by children and animals, which is in harmony with\nthe theories of those who have thought and written most upon this\ninteresting subject.\n\nWe are all of us--women, perhaps, more than men--daily influenced by\nthis sort of _instinctive_ physiognomy: for there are few people who do\nnot, when they first see a stranger, form a judgment of him, in which\nthey are, of course, only swayed by his outward appearance, although\nthey may never have even heard the word physiognomy.\n\nThe _temperament_ has an immense amount of influence over the character\nand this temperament is shown more especially by the colour and texture\nof the skin and hair. It is temperament which precipitates, or retards,\nthe effects of illness and age and temperament is the result of the\nastral influence which presided at our birth.\n\nThese temperaments have been classified under four heads--viz., the\nsanguine or choleric, the lymphatic, the bilious and the melancholic.\n\nThe first, the sanguine or choleric, is the result of the astral\ninfluence of Mars and Jupiter; the lymphatic, of the Moon and Venus,\nbut more especially the Moon; the bilious (which is especially the\nintellectual temperament) of the Sun and Mercury and the melancholic\ntemperament is the result of the dominance of the sad planet, Saturn.\nThe sanguine temperament is shown by a skin with a good deal of colour\nin it, either of a soft pinky white with a rosy peach-like colour on\nthe cheeks, in which case it is Jupiter which dominates in the\ntemperament, or of a deep red colour all over the face, when the\nsanguine temperament is dominated by Mars, the hair being red or brown,\ncrispy or curling.\n\nThe lymphatic temperament is shown by a soft, pale skin of a thick dead\nwhite, the lips and cheeks being only slightly coloured; the hair is\nfine and long, but not thick, and is light, not golden, but rather\ncolourless, or what the French call \"_un blond cendr\u00e9_\"--that is,\nof an ash-coloured fairness, sometimes of a soft brown, when Venus is\nthe dominating planet. The bilious temperament is the result of the\ncombination of the astral influences of the Sun and Mercury, the\nplanets which give artistic feeling and intelligence.\n\nThose having this temperament have yellow skins of a soft, fine texture\nand when the Sun is the dominant planet they have a vivid colour in the\ncheeks; the hair of those of the bilious temperament is golden and is\ngenerally curly or wavy; if the melancholic temperament given by Saturn\nis in combination (and it is frequently so in the bilious temperament)\nwith the yellow-tinted skin of the bilious temperament, we find also\nthe straight, deep black hair peculiar to the Saturnian.\n\nThe melancholic temperament is that of those born under the dominant\ninfluence of Saturn. People of this temperament are of a pale or livid,\nand, sometimes, of a greenish-tinted or earth-coloured skin and their\nhair is always of a dead black. It must be remembered that though one\nplanet may dominate at a birth, there are always present others which\nhave also their influences, though in a secondary degree, so no person\nis of _one_ temperament without any admixture of the others, although\none may and often does dominate the others.\n\nThus no one is _exclusively_ sanguine, bilious, lymphatic, or\nmelancholic. One person could be at once bilious, melancholic and\nlymphatic. We sometimes see the apparently contradictory temperaments\nof the melancholic and sanguine in the same person, but, generally\nspeaking, one temperament dominates, modified by one or more of the\nothers. This makes one of the sources of the variety of character we\nsee in those about us, no one person having precisely the same\nmodification of temperament, to say nothing of the difference of\nintellectual gifts. Now, as the temperament produces the character and\nthe character the passions, it is very necessary, in order to be a good\nphysiognomist that we should be thoroughly expert in being able to\nassign to each person under judgment the exact amount of domination of\neach of these four temperaments and this is only to be done by noting\nthe colour and texture of the skin and hair. Aristotle has said that\nthough there is a certain physiognomy of the whole person, the\nprincipal signs to guide us in a knowledge of human beings are to be\nfound on the face; and this is perhaps because the skin of the face is\nsomewhat differently constituted to that over the other parts of the\nbody. It is more transparent than that of the other parts of the body,\nand thus more readily reflects the different colours--the vivid flush\nof joy, the blush of shame, the livid hue of envy, the pallor of fear,\nthe different passions by which we are agitated. The face also is the\nseat of the eyes and the lips, both of which features (being\ncontinually in movement) make the face, as the old Italian writer has\nsaid, \"the mirror of the soul.\"\n\nEven those who habitually deny the power given by a knowledge of the\nscience of physiognomy admit that _in certain moments_ they have been\nable to judge of what they could ask for from the expression they saw\non the face of the person with whom they were dealing. Now, if this\nwere so at one moment, why should it not be so always? When the soul is\nagitated, that agitation shows itself, at once, upon the face by the\nvariation of its colours and by the contraction of certain muscles\nabout the features. Both this changing of colour and this movement of\nthe features vary according to the passions which produce the agitation\nand these different expressions most people can read at a glance. No\none confounds the expression of happiness with unhappiness, of love\nwith hatred, of hope with despair, of jealousy with trustfulness, of\nenvy with sympathy. Habitual drunkards show their vice on their faces,\neven when they are perfectly sober; so also do the other vices show\nthemselves by the lines left on the face by the constant recurrence of\nthe contraction of the features when under the immediate and violent\ninfluence of the ruling passion. By dint of continually exercising the\nfaculty of observation they come to see expressions and lines on the\nface which, though perhaps quite lost upon others, give them\nindications of character which are sometimes startling revelations.\nHere, again, is another objection which is often advanced against the\nstudy of physiognomy. Does it not, by laying bare the vices and\nweaknesses of human nature, induce a cynical opinion of human nature?\nNo; for, whilst it makes us clear-sighted as to the vices, it also\nreveals to us many sweet and noble qualities in those by whom we are\nsurrounded, which, perhaps, were never suspected by us. No one better\nunderstood his fellow-men, no one was ever more alive to \"the sweet,\nsad music of humanity,\" than Shakespeare. His large-hearted,\nsympathetic nature gave him intuitive perception of character, and\nthis, aided by his wonderful powers of observation, must have made him\na physiognomist. He \"looked quite through the thoughts of men,\" and\nyet, with all this wondrous knowledge of human nature, he says, \"What a\npiece of work is a man! How noble in reason! How infinite in faculties!\nIn form and moving how express and admirable! In action how like an\nangel! In apprehension how like a God!\"\n\n [Illustration: _THE PLANETS' PLACES ON THE FACE FACSIMILE FROM AN\n OLD WOODCUT, DATE 1657_\n\n _To face Chapter XXVII._]\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XXVII.\n\nTHE FOREHEAD AND EYEBROWS\n\n\n\"One part of the forehead,\" says a Chinese proverb, \"shows our\nfaculties, the other part the use we make of them.\" This is, in a great\nmeasure, true; for the form and height of the brow show the degree of\nthought and power of intellect, whilst the skin of the forehead, its\ncolour, lines and tension, denote the passions and the state of mind.\nThough the skin of the forehead may be equally wrinkled in different\nfaces, the forms which these lines take vary very much. The first line\nnext the hair, which is rarely seen till past middle age, is referred\nto the influence of Saturn; the second to Jupiter; the third to Mars;\nthe fourth, over the right eyebrow, to the Sun; the fifth, over the\nleft eyebrow, to the Moon; the sixth, between the eyebrows, to Venus,\nwhilst Mercury is assigned his place on the bridge of the nose (see\nplate).\n\nWhen the Line of Saturn is long and well-defined, it indicates the\nprudence and sagacity which ought to come with age; when it is broken\nor curved in an oblique manner it shows peevishness and avarice.\n\nThe Line of Jupiter, straight and clearly-defined, shows an honourable\nand just person; if broken or taking oblique curves it indicates a very\nvoluptuous person.\n\nIf the Line of Mars should be long and clear, and stretching across the\nforehead in one continuous line, it denotes courage and much warlike\nambition; if the line be broken, such a person will be a brawler and\nquarrelsome and will experience ill fortune in war.\n\nThe Line of the Sun being perfect and reaching nearly to the middle of\nthe forehead, shows ambition, good judgment and success; being broken\nor oblique in its form, it shows egotism and love of money.\n\nThe Line of the Moon, clear and perfect above the left eyebrow, much\nimagination and also much travelling into strange places. When this\nline is broken or much curved, it indicates caprice and want of truth.\n\nThe Line of Venus, delicately marked and straight, shows tenderness and\nsuccess in love matters; if broken and curved, the reverse.\n\nIf three lines appear in the place of Mercury across the bridge of the\nnose, they denote eloquence and wit; if more than three, loquacity and\ndeceit.\n\nSo much for the _lines_ on the forehead. As to the _form_, Aristotle\ntells us that \"a very large and prominent forehead shows stupidity\"; it\nis quite true that men of the highest intelligence have foreheads of\nmedium height, but exceptionally broad and full over the eyebrow.\n\nA forehead which is very full over the eyebrows and rather low than\nhigh, shows intuitive faculty, artistic perception and idealism; we see\nthis form of brow in all the antique statues of Apollo. A very\nprojecting forehead, fuller above than below, and so large as to appear\nto dominate the whole face, is generally the forehead of a slow if not\na dull intellect. A perpendicular forehead, well rounded at the\ntemples, rather high than low and having straight, well-defined\neyebrows, shows solid power of the understanding, love of study and\npower of concentrating the attention, but it is not the forehead of the\npoet, painter, or musician.\n\nArched foreheads, somewhat low, but full at the temples, with long,\nsweeping and mobile eyebrows, appear properly to be feminine, since\nthey show sweetness and sensitiveness of nature.\n\nHigh, narrow and wholly unwrinkled foreheads, over which the skin seems\ntightly drawn, are indicative of weakness of the will-power, want of\nimagination and very little susceptibility. They are the foreheads of\nnarrow-minded, commonplace persons. Of course other features may soften\nthese indications; intelligent eyes may give intellect, or a sweet and\ntender mouth feeling enough to, at any rate, diminish the unpleasant\nindications of this type of forehead.\n\nForeheads not altogether projecting, but having angular and knotty\nprotuberances upon them, denote vigour of mind and harsh and oppressive\nactivity and perseverance. To be in exact proportion, the forehead\nshould be the same length as the nose. In Greek art, however, it is\ngenerally shorter, which gives softness and elegance to the face. It\nshould be oval at the top, or somewhat square; if the latter, it gives\nmore force--if the former, more sensibility of character. It should be\nsmooth in repose, yet have the power of wrinkling when in deep thought,\nor when in grief or anger; for foreheads over which the skin is so\ntightly strained as never to change under these circumstances show a\ndull, unsensitive and unintellectual nature. A forehead should project\nmore over the eyes than at the top, and there should be a small cavity\nin the centre, separating the brow into four divisions: but this should\nbe so slightly accentuated as only to be seen when the forehead is in a\nstrong light coming from above it.\n\nWhen the eyebrows are far from each other at their starting-point\nbetween the eyes, they denote warmth, frankness and impulse--a generous\nand unsuspicious nature. A woman or man having such eyebrows would\nnever be causelessly jealous. Eyebrows, on the contrary, which meet\nbetween the eyes in the manner so much admired by the Persians denote a\ntemperament ardent in love, but jealous and suspicious: all Saturnians\nhave these eyebrows.\n\nEyebrows somewhat higher at their starting-point, and which pass in a\nlong sweeping line over the eyes, drooping slightly downwards at their\ntermination, show artistic feeling and great sense of beauty in form.\nThe Empress Eug\u00e9nie's eyebrows are of this form, which gives a sweet\nand wistful expression to the face and which some old writers have\nasserted to be the sign of a violent death.\n\nEyebrows lying very close to the eyes, forming one direct, clear line\non strongly-defined eyebones having the same form, show strength of\nwill and extreme determination of character. This sort of eyebrow\nappears on the busts of Nero; but there its indications of\ndetermination are deepened with cruelty by the massive jaw and the\ndevelopment of the cheekbone by the ear. This form of eyebrow, in\nconjunction with other good indications, would mean only constancy in\naffection, power of carrying out a project despite all difficulties and\ntaste for science.\n\nEyebrows that are strongly marked at the commencement and then\nterminate abruptly without sweeping past the eyes, show an irascible,\nenergetic and impatient nature.\n\nThick eyebrows, somewhat arched, show artistic perception of beauty in\ncolour. Delicately marked eyebrows, slightly arched, indicate\ntenderness.\n\nEyebrows lighter than the hair show weakness and indecision. Eyebrows\nmuch darker than the hair denote an ardent, passionate and constant\ntemperament.\n\nAngular, strong and sharply interrupted eyebrows close to the eyes\nalways show fire and productive activity. No profound thinker has\nweakly marked eyebrows, or eyebrows placed very high on the forehead.\nWant of eyebrow almost always indicates a want of mental and bodily\nforce. The nearer the eyebrows are to the eyes, the more earnest, deep\nand firm the character; the more remote from the eyes, the more\nvolatile and less resolute the nature.\n\nEyebrows the same colour as the hair show firmness, resolution and\nconstancy; but in judging of the eyebrows it must be remembered that if\nform and colour give different indications, the _form_ (as this also\nmeans that of the brow) gives the most important indication, the colour\nand texture of the eyebrow being secondary to its _position_ as regards\nthe eyes and forehead.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XXVIII.\n\nTHE EYES AND EYELASHES\n\n\nThe eye has been called \"the window of the soul,\" and not without\nreason, for it seems more than any other organ to be capable of\nexpressing all its emotions. The most tumultuous passions, the most\ndelicate feelings, the most acute sensations, the eye expresses in all\ntheir force and in all their purity, as they arise and transmits them\nby variations so rapid as to give to the lookers-on the very image of\nthat with which it is itself inspired; for the eye receives and\nreflects the intelligence of the thoughts as well as the warmth of the\nfeelings.\n\nThe colours most common to the eyes are brown, grey, blue, hazel and\nblack, or what we _call_ black--for those eyes which appear to be\nblack will generally be found to be of a deep yellowish-brown when\nlooked at very narrowly; it is the distance only which makes them seem\nto be black, because the deep yellow-brown colour is in such strong\ncontrast to the white of the eye that it appears black. There are also\neyes of so bright a hazel as to seem almost yellow; lastly, there are\neyes that are positively green. Very beautiful, too, are some of the\neyes of this colour when they are shaded--as is very often the\ncase--with long, dark eyelashes; but, though beautiful, they are not\nindicative of a _good_ disposition.\n\nGreen eyes, although their praises are often sung in Spanish ballads,\nshow deceit and coquetry. We sometimes see eyes which appear to be a\ncombination of yellow, orange, and blue, the latter colour generally\nappearing in streaks over the whole surface of the iris, while the\norange and yellow are set in flakes of unequal size around and at some\ndistance apart; these eyes are indicative of originality, amounting, at\ntimes, to eccentricity. No commonplace person has this sort of eye;\nthey show intellectuality, and, in most cases, literary ability.\n\nThere are eyes which are remarkable for being of, what might be said to\nbe, no colour. The iris has only some shades of blue or pale grey, so\nfeeble as to be almost white in some parts, and the shades of orange\nwhich intervene are so small that they can scarcely be distinguished\nfrom grey or white, notwithstanding the contrast of colours. The black\nof the pupil is, in these eyes, too marked, because the colour of the\niris around it is not deep enough, so that in looking at them we seem\nto see only the pupil. These eyes are expressionless, for their glance\nis fixed and dead; they invariably belong to persons of the lymphatic\ntemperament, and they indicate a listless and feeble disposition,\nincapable of enterprise and a cold and indolently selfish nature.\n\nBlue eyes are more significant of tenderness and of a yieldingness of\npurpose than either brown, black, or grey eyes. There are occasionally\nto be met strong characters with this tint of eye, but then they will\nbe found to have other indications in the rest of their physiognomy\nwhich correct the delicacy and yieldingness of this coloured eye.\nBlue-eyed people are not inconstant, like those of the hazel and yellow\neyes, but they yield from affection.\n\nAngry, irritable persons have frequently eyes of a brownish tint,\ninclined to a greenish hue. Although the purely green eye of which I\nhave spoken indicates deceit and coquetry, the propensity to greenish\ntints in the eyes is a sign of wisdom and courage. Very choleric\npersons, if they have blue eyes, have also certain tints of green in\nthem and, when under the influence of anger, a sudden red light appears\nin them. Such eyes as these are generally found in connection with the\nsanguine, or, as it is sometimes called, choleric temperament; that is,\nin those persons who have been born under the double influence of\nJupiter and Mars; but, when we see these red tints in the eyes, it\nwould be a sign that, of the two planets presiding over this\ntemperament, Mars was dominant.\n\nClear grey-blue eyes, with a calm steadfastness in their glance, are\nindicative of cheerfulness of disposition, of a serene temper and a\nconstant nature. These eyes are peculiar to the Northern nations; one\nmeets with them among the Swedes, and also sometimes amongst the\nScotch. The blue eyes we see among the rare blondes of the South--that\nis, in Italy and Spain--always have eyes in which there are some\ngreenish tints; and such eyes, though often called light blue, have\nnone of the qualities of serenity and constancy which belong to the\nlight blue eyes of the North. Neither must the pleasant light blue eye,\nwith the honest glance, be confounded with another sort of eye of a\npale blue, almost steel-coloured hue, which has a continually shifting\nsort of motion both of the eyelids and the pupils of the eyes. People\nwith such eyes as these are to be avoided, as they are indicative of a\ndeceitful and selfish nature. Very dark blue eyes, with something of\nthe tint of the violet, show great power of affection and purity of\nmind, but not much intellectuality.\n\nGrey eyes, of a somewhat greenish grey, with orange as well as blue in\nthem, and which are of ever-varying tints, like the sea, are those\nwhich denote most intellectuality. They are especially indicative of\nthe impulsive, impressionable temperament--a mixture of the sanguine\nand the bilious--which produces the poetic and artistic natures. The\nline--\n\n \"The poet's eye, in a fine phrenzy rolling,\"\n\ndoes not suggest a blue, or even a black, so much as the changeful,\never-varying tinted, grey eye; and it is a fact that in England (where\nthere are more varieties of tints in eyes than in any other country)\nthe poets have almost always grey eyes. A biographer of Byron speaks of\nhis \"beautiful, changeful grey eyes, which deepened in colour when he\nwas under the influence of tenderness and passion, and which glowed\nwith a red light when he was angry.\" Shakespeare also had, we are told,\ngrey eyes, and so had Sir Walter Scott; whilst Coleridge had eyes of a\ngreenish grey. Among the artists, too, eyes of this colour abound.\n\nBlack eyes, or what are considered such, are indicative of passionate\nardour in love. Brown eyes, when not of the yellowish tint, but pure\nrusset brown, show an affectionate disposition; the darker the\nbrown--that is, the more they verge on to that deepest tint of brown\nwhich is seen in eyes we are in the habit of calling black--the more\nardent and passionate is the power of affection. The brown eyes which\ndo not appear black--that is, which are not dark enough to appear\nso--are the eyes of sweet, gentle, and unselfish natures, without the\ninconstancy of the light brown or _yellow_ eyes--\"golden eyes,\" as\nthey were called by a lady novelist--and which are very little more to\nbe trusted than the green eyes already spoken of. The maiden in\nLongfellow's _Hyperion_, of whom he says,\n\n \"She has two eyes so soft and brown,\n She looketh up, she looketh down;\n Beware, beware, she is fooling thee,\"\n\nmust have had these _light_ brown eyes.\n\nEyes which show no lines when in sorrow or laughter denote a\npassionless and unimpressionable nature. Eyes of a long almond shape,\nwith thick-skinned eyelids which appear to cover half the pupil, are\nindicative of genius; if in conjunction the forehead is that which\nshows idealism, and has one deep perpendicular line between the\neyebrows, which is indicative of originality of mind and which is\ngenerally to be seen in the forehead of distinguished writers and\nartists. It is very remarkable in all the portraits of Michael Angelo.\nThe almond-shaped eye, however, even without this peculiar form of\nforehead, always means a susceptible, impressionable nature. Eyes which\nare large, open and very transparent and which sparkle with a rapid\nmotion under well-defined eyelids, denote elegance in tastes, a\nsomewhat susceptible temper and great interest in the opposite sex.\n\nEyes with weakly-marked eyebrows above them and with thinly-growing\neyelashes which are completely without any upward curve, denote a\nfeeble constitution and a melancholy disposition. These eyelashes are\noften seen in people who combine the lymphatic and melancholic\ntemperaments--that is, in persons born under the combined influence of\nthe two melancholy planets, Saturn and the Moon. The eyes of these\npeople are either of a pale, colourless sort of blue, or of a dull\nblack without any sparkle in them.\n\nWant of eyelash, like want of eyebrows, shows a general want of force,\nboth of body and intellect.\n\nStrong, dark and short eyelashes show force of character and a strong\nand obstinate will.\n\nEyes with sharply-defined angles, sinking at the corners, show subtlety\nof mind; the sharper the angle and the more it sinks, the greater the\ndelicacy of perception it denotes; but when very much developed it\nshows also craftiness amounting to deceit. Well-opened eyes with smooth\neyelids and a steady and somewhat fixed glance denote sincerity. Lines\nrunning along the eyelid from side to side and passing out upon the\ntemples denote habitual laughter--a cheerful temperament, or, at any\nrate, one in which the sense of humour is strong.\n\nWe sometimes see (but it is rare) persons whose eyes are of different\ncolours. For instance, one eye will be of a bluish-grey, whilst the\nother will be so flecked with orange or tawny yellow spots as to appear\nwhat might be called a brown eye. This peculiarity of having eyes of\ndifferent colours is sometimes to be seen in dogs, and very often in\ncats of the Persian breed, or white cats, but it is very rare in human\nbeings. An old Italian writer says that people having eyes of different\ncolours are likely to become mad. Having, during the whole course of my\nlife, only known two persons having this peculiarity, I do not feel\nqualified to pass an opinion as regards this indication. One of these\npersons certainly was mad on several points; and, when it is added that\nthe other is the writer of this book, many of its readers may be\ninclined to think that the medi\u00e6val physiognomist's theory might very\npossibly be correct.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XXIX.\n\nTHE NOSE\n\n\nWe often see fine eyes in an otherwise ugly face, but rarely is a\nthoroughly beautiful nose found in a face which could be called ugly,\nfor the nose is the keynote of the face, and in it lies the chief\ncharacteristic of the countenance. Beautiful eyes and beautiful lips\nhave, it is true, more charm--it is the expression of the eyes and lips\nof those we love which we most remember in absence--but it is the nose\nwhich, more than any other feature, most affects the general character\nof the face. This will be seen if we try the experiment of drawing the\nhead and face of any beautiful statue--say the Venus of Milo, for\ninstance--and, while giving it all its fair proportions of brow and\ncheek and chin, we substitute a small turn-up nose, or, worse still, a\nflat or snub nose, for the noble yet softly gracious line of the nose\nin this most perfect head and how much we should lower the noble type\nof beauty this Venus presents! Of course no one in real life could be\nunattractive with such a brow and beautifully shaped eyes, to say\nnothing of the perfect lips and softly rounded lines of the chin; but\nthe nobility of the face would be entirely lost by this alteration of\nthe lines of the nose; whilst we might alter the beautiful lines of the\neyes, narrow the brow, and even take from the softly voluptuous contour\nof lips and chin, yet by leaving untouched the perfect form of the nose\nwe should still retain the dignity of expression which is so\ncharacteristic of this statue.\n\nA nose to be perfect should equal the length of the forehead; it may,\nwhen the forehead is exceptionally low, be even longer than the\nforehead (and in most of the beautiful antique statues it is so), but\non no account should it be shorter than the brow. Viewed in front, the\nnose should be somewhat broader at its root--that is, where it starts\nfrom the brow--than below. The end of it should be neither hard nor\nfleshy, but it should be well defined, though neither very pointed nor\nvery broad, for all extremes of forms in any of the features are bad.\nViewed in profile, the distance from the line of the wing of the nose\nto its tip should only be one-third of the length of the nose. Thus,\nthose noses which stand very much out from the face as they near the\nend of the nose, whilst they are low on the bridge and between the\neyes, are out of proportion. Those having such noses are vivacious, but\nwanting in dignity and force of character. They are impressionable,\ninquisitive and inconstant.\n\nThe nostrils (from the different forms of which many indications are\ngiven) should be pointed above and rounded below. The sides of the nose\nat its root between the eyes should close well with the line of the\neyebone (as one sees them invariably do in the antique statues), and\nshould be at least half an inch in width. Perhaps a better rule of\nproportion--as regards the whole face--is that the width of the nose\nbetween the eyes should be exactly the length of the eye.\n\nNoses which are arched from their starting-point between the eyes show\ncapability of command, energy and force of character. It will be\nremembered that the Duke of Wellington--the Iron Duke--had this sort of\nnose. Of course, this form in excess (as it certainly was in his case),\nwithout the characteristics of self-control and other good points in\nthe face, would not have the same indication. A very prominent nose,\nlike the beak of a parrot, with a narrow brow and retreating chin,\nwould give stupid obstinacy; but, in an otherwise good physiognomy, a\nprominent nose gives force, command and productive energy.\n\nIt cannot, however, be denied that one _sometimes_ comes upon noses\nwhich are rather small in proportion to the rest of the face and which\nare so devoid of arch as to be almost concave in their line when seen\nin profile, in persons of fairly good understanding; but such noses\nbelong rather to those who appreciate, than to those who produce, works\nof literature and art. The people having these noses, provided the\nbrows show some intellectuality, will be found to enjoy the beautiful\ninfluences of works of the imagination, but they themselves possess\nlittle or no creative power.\n\nStraight noses give indications between these two extremes; they may\nbelong to persons of the creative, or simply appreciative, order of\nmind. The form of the head and brow and the line of the eyebrows would\ndetermine to which class they especially belong. Arched noses with\nbroad backs denote force of character. Swift and Napoleon Bonaparte had\nnoses of this type. This sort of nose, with an arch starting from the\nroot, is seen in almost all the busts of the Roman emperors; it is, in\nfact, frequently called the \"Roman nose,\" and is very typical of the\nrace which was for so many ages dominant in Europe; whilst the\nbeautiful straight nose (which we are accustomed to call Grecian,\nbecause it is seen in almost all the antique statues) is quite as\nindicative of the perception of beauty in art and literature and of the\nsubtlety of mind which distinguished the Greeks. The creative force in\nthe antique straight nose is given by its _proportion_ to the rest\nof the face, for it is always larger in proportion to the brow, cheeks\nand jaws than the strongly-arched broad-bridged nose which we call\nRoman, and thus it is indicative of quite as much productive force as\nthe arched Roman nose, with infinitely more delicacy of perception; a\nsmall straight nose shorter than the forehead and set in a large round\nface, shows timidity and foolishness and is the nose of an\nunintelligent person.\n\nHigh noses that are not broad-backed are often seen in the faces of men\nof letters, but a high _thin_-backed nose, which seems to start up in a\nsharp ridge when seen in profile, is more indicative of penetration and\nacuteness than force of mind. These noses have generally fine, sharp\ntips, with a downward curve; this is an indication of wit. Voltaire and\nSterne had such noses; they are generally seen in combination with thin\nand flexible lips and a somewhat pointed chin. A nose which is bent\ndownwards is also indicative of sadness of disposition, for it is one\nof the signatures of the melancholy planet Saturn; but wit may exist\n(in fact generally does so) with a somewhat sad temperament. Voltaire's\nwit is almost always cynical, and cynicism grows out of a want of hope,\na want of belief in one's fellow-creatures; whilst in Sterne (the\nwriter of the inimitable though now little-read work, _Tristram\nShandy_) there is always, even in his brightest sallies, an\nunder-current of pathetic sadness. People with this sort of nose are\nsarcastic, somewhat hypochondriacal and very often reserved and morose.\nIf, with this form of nose, the nostrils are narrow and almost closed\nand the wings of the nose pinched, the indications are still more those\ngiven by the melancholy planet Saturn; the more elastic and freely\nmoving the nostril with this form of nose, the more bright and the less\nsardonic the wit. A person with a broad Roman nose, having this violent\ndownward curve over the mouth, is one to be avoided, for this\ncombination denotes a secretly voluptuous temperament--a man or woman\nof strong passions hidden beneath a cold and reserved manner.\nBroad-backed fleshy noses, round and full at the tips, with\nintellectually good brows, show a genial temperament and a sense of\nhumour. Without the good indications of the brow they would only show\nlove of good cheer and a certain good-humoured carelessness.\n\nSnub-noses--that is, noses short in proportion to the brow and with\nround fleshy tips--are indicative of commonplace, somewhat coarse\nnatures, especially if the nostrils are round and the bridge of the\nnose very low between the eyes.\n\nWhat is called a turned-up nose shows vivacity of temperament,\njealousy, talkativeness, impudence (growing out of a certain amount of\nself-esteem) and petulance.\n\nThere is a sort of delicately turned-up nose which we often see in\npretty women, and which, though it shows wilfulness and coquetry--things\nnot uncommon in pretty women, since the song tells us--\n\n \"For oh! these charming women,\n They all have wills of their own\"--\n\nis significant of delicate perceptions and a certain intuitive\ncleverness which is thoroughly feminine and, therefore, very attractive\nto men. These noses--which are especially the noses of charming\nwomen--are well raised at the root; in fact, have all the delicacy of\nline of a straight nose, except that the extreme tip has an upward\ncurve. It must have been of one of these delicate and thoroughly\nfeminine noses that Tennyson must have been thinking when he describes\none of his heroines as having a nose--\n\n \"Tip-tilted like a flower.\"\n\nFlexible nostrils, which quiver under excitement, show an ardent,\npoetic, and sensitive temperament.\n\nVery open and flexible nostrils show ardour in love and if seen in\nconjunction with large, full and slowly-moving eyes and a full under\nlip, indicate a voluptuous and passionate nature.\n\nClosed nostrils show melancholy, timidity and absence of hopefulness--a\nperson who habitually sees everybody and everything _en noir_.\n\nRound nostrils show animal instincts and a somewhat low type of\nindividuality; they are generally seen in snub-noses, which of\nthemselves give the same indication.\n\nNoses which have on both sides many wrinkles, which become visible on\nthe slightest motion and never entirely disappear, even in a state of\ncomplete rest, show cunning and sarcasm.\n\nWhen the line (which, after extreme youth, is always more or less seen\nfrom the nose to the mouth) is very strongly marked, and descends at a\ngreat distance from the corners of the mouth to the chin, it evidences\nan anxious and melancholic nature.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XXX.\n\nTHE MOUTH, TEETH, JAW AND CHIN\n\n\nA mouth to be beautiful should be in harmony as regards proportion with\nthe rest of the features of the face; that is, it should be neither\nremarkably large nor remarkably small. Neither the upper nor the lower\nlip should project beyond the other when the mouth is closed. The lips\nshould shut easily over the teeth, and in doing so should fall into a\nflowing line of curves without compression. The more the lips are\nendowed with motion and the more richly they are coloured, the finer\nand more delicate are the human passions they indicate.\n\nAn excess of even good form is bad; thus if the full rich lines of a\ngenerous mouth are exaggerated, we have the indication of sensuality,\nwhilst the finer susceptibilities shown by delicately moulded lips may,\nby a little excess towards thinness, give fastidiousness and even\navarice.\n\nThe middle-sized mouth, which combines strength with warmth of feeling,\nwhilst it steers clear of coarseness, is what gives the best\nindications. Such a mouth shows courage, generosity, and affection.\n\nA mild, somewhat overhanging upper lip generally signifies goodness, or\nrather kindliness of disposition; but if very much overhung it shows\nweakness of purpose and an irresolute, vacillating character and, where\nthe under lip is small as well as retreating and the chin also small,\nit is an indication of imbecility.\n\nA mouth in which the lower lip projects shows prudence amounting to\ndistrust and melancholy. We often see this form of mouth with the\ndown-drooping nose; both are indications of the dominating influence of\nSaturn at the birth of the person possessing such a combination of\nfeatures. If the under lip should be very full as well as projecting\nand droops in a flaccid manner without closing over the teeth when the\nlips are in repose, it is a sign of a sensual nature. Of course an\nintellectual brow and a firm and energetic form of nose would lessen\nthe evil of such an indication, but there is always a tendency towards\nthe grosser pleasures of the senses in a person with such a form of\nlips.\n\nA mouth with lips habitually apart denotes eloquence, if the rest of\nthe face gives intellectual indications; but if none of the signs of\nmental power are there, it would only signify a chattering person\nwanting in decision and promptness of action.\n\nA firmly closed mouth shows courage, fortitude and determination; even\nan habitually open mouth will be seen to close with a sort of forced\ncompression when endurance is necessary. Everyone closes the mouth\nafter saying, \"I am resolved.\"\n\nA somewhat long mouth, with an upward curve at the corners and with\nthin and very flexible lips, indicates wit. Voltaire had this sort of\nmouth.\n\nFull, flexible lips, with a hollow in the centre of the lower lip, and\nwith the corners turning upwards, show a joyous, hospitable and rather\nmaterialistic temperament, with good spirits and sense of humour.\n\nA mouth with full lips, but in which one side of the lower lip is\nlarger and fuller than the other, was said by the old writers to denote\nardour in love and general sensuousness. It is one of the signatures of\nVenus.\n\nA wart just above the upper lip shows a coarse and cruel nature; a mole\nin the same place, love of the opposite sex.\n\nOf course, the shape and placing of the teeth are not without\nsignificance in the character given by the mouth. When the upper gum\nshows above the teeth directly the lips are open, it is a sign of a\nselfish and phlegmatic nature.\n\nShort, small teeth are held by the old physiognomists to denote\nweakness and short life, whilst rather long teeth, if evenly set in the\nhead, denote long life.\n\nThe more the teeth, in point of size, shape and arrangement, approach\nto those of the carnivorous animals, the more violent are the animal\ninstincts in the person; whilst the more the human teeth in shape and\nposition approach to those of the graminivorous animals, the more\nplacid is the character.\n\nWhite, medium-sized and evenly-set teeth, which are seen as soon as the\nmouth is open, but which are never exposed--that is, which do not at\nany time show the gums--are a sign of good and honest natures.\n\nProjecting teeth show rapacity; small, retreating teeth, such as are\nrarely seen unless in laughter, show weakness and want of physical and\nmoral courage. The lower teeth projecting and closing over the upper\nrange are indicative of a harsh nature.\n\nIn most faces the mouth or the nose is the more prominent. Where the\nnose is the dominant feature, energy, command and force of willpower,\ncombined (unless the mouth and eyes show great kindness) with\nselfishness, show themselves in the character. Where the mouth, jaw and\nchin are more prominent, the appetites and passions are strong.\n\nBroad jaws, with a broad forehead, mean both force of intellect and\nforce of animal passion. Byron had this combination of brow and jaw;\nbut the lips, which were full and flexible and with upward-curving\ncorners, redeemed the sensuality given by the jaws, and the\nintellectual qualities shown by the form of the brow were in excess of\nthe indications of voluptuousness given by the lower part of the face.\n\nA person who has the jaw much broader than the brow and head has strong\npassions and a weak intellect--the very worst possible combination.\n\nWhen the jaws are massive and yet the head and brow are more so, we\nhave a powerful character, who can exert all his intellectual powers on\none subject--one who has the very valuable faculty of concentration.\n\nWhere the jaws are much narrower than the head, we have a character\nwhere the sensual instincts are feeble, and where intellect is of a\nsubtle and refined order. Wit is shown by this form of face, especially\nif the nose is delicately outlined, the tip pointed and somewhat\ndrooping over the mouth.\n\nWhen the lips retreat on each side of the mouth and open into an oval\nform, it denotes a subtle intelligence, tact and refinement of nature.\n\nA sharp indentation immediately above the chin, between it and the\nlower lip, shows good understanding.\n\nA pointed chin is a sign of craftiness, wisdom, discretion and\nintuitive perception.\n\nA soft, fat, double chin shows epicurism and love of sensual pleasures\nof all sorts; it also indicates an indolent temperament. We never see\nsuch chins in persons of an energetic, restless nature. Charles James\nFox, who was excessively indolent, had this chin even in youth.\n\nA flat chin shows avarice and a cold, hard nature; a small chin\nindicates weakness, want of will-power and cowardice.\n\nA retreating chin is a sign of silliness and, if the brow is shallow,\nof imbecility.\n\nWhere the space between the nose and the red part of the lip is short\nand very sharply cut, it indicates refinement and delicacy of\nperception, but not much power--no _force_ of intellect; where this\nspace is unusually short, it denotes silliness and weakness of purpose.\nA rather long but not flat upper lip, especially where the serpentine\nline of the middle of the mouth is much defined and the middle of the\nlip droops to the lower lip and is very flexible, denotes an eloquent\nperson. We see this form of upper lip in the bust of Demosthenes, the\ngreatest of Grecian orators; in Cicero, whose eloquence was unsurpassed\nin his age; in Fox, whose powers of oratory were great; in the\ndemagogue Wilkes, in Edmund Burke, in Lord Palmerston and numerous\nother orators.\n\nA very long upper lip, which is flat and which belongs to a straight\nand formless or too thick-lipped mouth, is a sign of a low and vicious\ntype of character. Almost all the faces of great criminals have this\ndefect, combined with massive jaws and high cheek-bones, which last\ndefect is, both Lavater and Perneti (a great French writer on the\nsubject of physiognomy) tell us, a sign of rapacity and egotism.\n\nA round chin, with a dimple in it, denotes kindliness and benevolence,\na tender and unselfish nature. In a very massive double chin the dimple\nincreases the quality of love of sensual pleasures. A square and\nmassive chin shows strong perseverance and determined will.\n\nAn old Italian writer says that \"women with brown, hairy moles on the\nchin, especially if these excrescences are on the under part of the\nchin, are industrious, active and are good housewives\"; they are also,\nhe says, \"very sanguine and given to love follies. They talk much and\nwhilst they are easily excited to return a love which is offered them,\nthey are not so readily prevailed upon to become indifferent. For this\nreason,\" he goes on, evidently speaking feelingly and probably\ntherefore with personal experience of the matter, \"they should be\ntreated with circumspect, calm friendship and kept at a distance by a\nmildly cold dignity of demeanour.\" He gives no directions as to how\nthis effective \"demeanour\" is to be arrived at, but at once passes on\nto another remark on the subject of moles, and tells us that \"a mole\nupon the upper lip, especially if it is bristly, will be found in no\nperson who is not defective in something essential.\" This is rather a\nwide way of putting the matter. Are people with this blemish morally,\nmentally, or physically deficient? Wanting in kissableness such a mouth\nmight be and this, perhaps, where lips are concerned, _is_ \"something\nessential.\"\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XXXI.\n\nTHE HAIR AND THE EARS\n\n\nBlack hair which is perfectly without any wave or curl and which lies\nin lank, lifeless masses, shows a melancholic disposition; a black\nbeard which grows sparsely gives the same indication.\n\nBlack hair which is wavy or curling and very thick, shows force of\naffection and a certain ardour in love matters; so also does a thick\nand crisp-textured black beard and moustache.\n\nThe lank, thin and uncurling black hair is one of the signatures of\nSaturn alone; the crisp, curling and thickly-growing black hair is the\ncombination of Venus and Saturn. The united influence of these two\nplanets on a life gives force of character, for the warmth and impulse\ngiven by Venus is tempered by the distrust of Saturn into prudence;\nthus people with the crisp dark hair get the ardour, combined with\nprudence, which produces success in life.\n\nChestnut hair of a soft and silky texture and not very thick, gives\nromance of character. This is not the sort of hair which is ever seen\non very commonplace, realistic persons. Men having this soft\nchestnut-coloured hair are somewhat effeminate in their tastes and are\nwanting in energy and decision. Both men and women having it are\nincapable of strong affection: they are attracted by the opposite sex,\nbut they are more given to having a series of small interests than one\nstrong love. If this hair is found in combination with the golden\ncoloured eyes it is indicative of coquetry in the nature; if with pale\nblue-grey eyes we have languor and caprice--a sentimental and\ninconsistent person.\n\nBright golden hair of a rich deep colour and of a crisp and waving\ntexture growing thickly on the head and somewhat low on the brow, shows\nan ardent, poetic and artistic temperament. It is the signature of the\nSun. Such people are generally fond of music, painting, or poetry. Both\nmen and women having this sort of hair are intuitive in their\njudgments; they do not reason about things, they feel them; they are a\nlittle quick of temper, that is, easily ruffled, but they are quickly\nappeased; they are gay and interest themselves in art, even if they are\nnot artists themselves.\n\nPersons with red hair are ardent and vivacious, especially if, with it,\nthey have hazel eyes, in which case they have a bright and quick\nintelligence, for reddish hair and bright brown eyes are the signature\nof Mercury. They have a great deal of natural facility for study and\ngood memories, but they are selfish and rather cruel.\n\nRed hair, with blue eyes, shows the same warmth of character, but not\nso much intelligence, and if, with blue eyes and red hair, the eyebrows\nand eyelashes are white--as is often the case--it is an indication of a\nweak and capricious nature.\n\nPeople with red-brown hair, which is very thick and redder over the\nears and at the temples and on the beard than on the head, are\ncourageous and hot-tempered. This coloured hair is the signature of the\nfiery planet Mars, and (unless the other indications in the face are\nwidely different) shows activity and energy in all things. It augments\nthe indications of force and power given by other features and in art\ngives sense of colour in painters--force of language and eloquence in\npoets--and power in musical composition.\n\nHair of that colourless, fair colour which French writers call _blond\ncendr\u00e9_, or ash-coloured, denotes persons of an indolent and dreamy\ntemperament. It is the indication given by the dominant influence of\nthe Moon at birth. Persons with this sort of hair, in combination with\nlarge blue-grey eyes, with fair, long, but straight eyelashes and very\nslightly-defined eyebrows of the same blonde colour and white, soft\nskin, are capricious, languid, imaginative and somewhat melancholic.\nThe imaginative and excessively indolent Th\u00e9ophile Gautier, the French\nnovelist, was of this type in combination with Venus, giving a\nsensuousness amounting to sensuality.\n\nWomen having this sort of colouring of skin and hair are romantic and\ndevoted in a resigned, but not active spirit--that is, they are more\ngenerous in words than deeds, for they are incapable of exertion and\nstill less of perseverance.\n\nPersons with soft, wavy brown hair are affectionate, gentle and loving.\nTheir first instincts are always good and kind. They like society and\nare gracious in manners and, though they are not quite as indolent as\nthose having the soft ash-coloured hair--indicative of the Moon's\ninfluence--they are still lovers of repose and elegant comfort.\n\nPeople with this soft brown hair (which is one of the signatures of the\nplanet Venus) are very open to the impressions of beauty and they abhor\nnoise, discords and quarrels; men with this sort of hair, like those\nwith _pale_ golden hair, are somewhat effeminate and are easily moved\nto tears.\n\nLarge, fleshy ears (especially those which have the lobes of the ears\nred) show coarseness of nature and sensuality.\n\nIf the ears stand forward so as to show their entire form when the face\nis seen from the front, it denotes rapacity and cruelty.\n\nLong-shaped but small ears indicate refinement; a very small ear, close\nto the head, shows delicacy of perception, refinement, but also\ntimidity.\n\nThe ears should be so placed as not to be higher than the eyebrow, or\nlower than the tip of the nose; if set in too sloping a direction they\nshow timidity; if too upright, animal instincts, courage, amounting to\ncruelty, especially if they obtrude from the head.\n\nA thin ear shows delicacy and poetry of feeling; a thick ear the\nreverse.\n\nMiddle-sized ears, rather close to the head, are the signature of\nJupiter; large ears of Saturn; delicate, long-shaped ears of the Sun\nand also of Mercury, only those bearing the signature of Mercury are\nmore coloured, whilst those of the Sun are pale.\n\nVery upright ears, standing forward, are the signature of Mars; small,\nround ears, delicately tinted pink and close to the head, show the\ninfluence of Venus; whilst middle-sized round ears, of a very pale\ncolour, are indicative of persons born under the influence of the Moon.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XXXII.\n\nTHE SIGNATURES OF THE PLANETS ON THE FACE\n\n\nThose born under Jupiter have fresh complexions, and large blue or grey\neyes, with thick and well-formed eyelids; and their eyelashes are long;\ntheir hair--which is chestnut, or, if tending towards black, is a\nbrown, not _blue_, black--and is crisp or curly. They generally have\nwell-marked and somewhat arched eyebrows, and their noses straight,\nwith a slight rise on them, and somewhat fleshy; their mouths are\nlarge, but with generous, curved and full lips, the upper lip\nprojecting over the lower one; their teeth are large, and the two in\nfront are generally longer than the rest; their cheeks are fleshy and\nfirm; the cheek-bones are well defined, without being prominent; the\nchin is large, with a dimple in the centre of it; their ears are of\nmedium size and lie somewhat close to the head. The men born under\nJupiter have thick curly brown beards, but they get bald early in life.\n\nThose born under the dominant influence of the melancholy planet Saturn\nhave no colour in their cheeks and their skin is dark and of a yellow\nor leaden tint. It is seldom that anyone is born under the _sole_\ninfluence of one planet; the ugliness of the Saturnian type is much\nmitigated by the influence of Jupiter, and the union of Venus and\nSaturn often produces positive beauty of a serious and melancholic\nsort. Many of the strikingly beautiful Spanish faces show the combined\ninfluence of these two planets.\n\nThose born under the dominant influence of the Sun have regular\nfeatures and a soft skin of a yellowish tint, but with colour in the\ncheeks and lips. Their hair is of a _red_-gold tint; and their eyebrows\nare well defined, but not dark. Their eyes are of a golden brown or\ngreenish grey, and are brilliant and well shaped; the eyelashes and\neyebrows are a little darker than the hair, but not dark, and are\ntraced in a long sweeping line extending to the temples. Their cheeks\nare well covered, without being plump; their jaws are a long oval and\nneither the cheek-bones nor the jaws are at all prominent. Their teeth\nare even, but of rather yellowish white; their mouths are neither large\nnor small, but well formed, with the lips meeting evenly, that is,\nneither the upper nor the lower lip projecting. Their ears are\nmedium-sized, rather long in shape, lying close to the head and the\nlobes of them are fleshy and slightly coloured of a pinkish hue. The\nchin is rather prominent, round and well shaped, like those of the\nantique statues, but not fleshy. Those born under the influence of the\nSun have frequently weak sight, especially if their birth has taken\nplace during an eclipse.\n\nThose born under the influence of Mercury have long faces and delicate,\nmobile features. Their skin is fine, soft and honey-coloured, but\nchanges in tint with every passing emotion, for those born under\nMercury are of a nervous, vividly intuitive and highly excitable\ntemperament. Their hair is of a reddish, not golden, brown (what is\ncalled auburn), very fine and supple. Their foreheads are high and\nprominent and their eyebrows, which are long and delicately traced, lie\nvery low over the eyes and are very mobile, moving up and down with\nevery emotion. The eyes of those born under this planet are somewhat\nsunken, of a hazel or dark grey colour; they move quickly and have a\nrestless expression; the white of the eye is (like that of those born\nunder Saturn) of a yellowish tint and the lids of the eyes are thin and\ndo not droop at all over the eyes. Their noses are straight and long,\nwith delicate nostrils; the tip of the nose is round rather than\npointed and frequently has a small cleft or dimple, which is, however,\nonly faintly perceptible in certain lights, at the extreme tip. They\nhave delicate mouths which droop a little at the corners and the lips\nare thin, mobile and often a little apart; the upper lip is thicker and\nmore projecting than the lower lip; the teeth are small and even. The\nchin is long, pointed and a little projecting at the lip. The head is\noval in shape and full at the temples.\n\nThose born under the planet Mars have short, square-shaped, but small\nheads, with high foreheads on which the hair grows far back, leaving\nthe forehead much exposed. Their faces are round, sometimes square at\nthe lower part and their skin is hard and dry and of a red colour,\nespecially about the ears, which are long-shaped, set straight rather\nhigh on the head and slightly projecting from it. Their eyebrows are\nshort, sometimes stopping midway over the eyes, very bushy and lying\nclose to the eyes. Between the eyebrows are several short upright\nwrinkles. The hair is of a red or sandy colour, coarse and very curly.\nThe beards of men born under Mars are thick, short and of the same\nfiery colour as the hair. Their eyes are grey or red-brown and are\nlarge, round, very wide open and have a fierce and fixed glance; the\nwhite of the eye in those born under this fiery planet is often\nbloodshot. Their mouths are large, but the upper lip is thin and\ncompressed; the lower lip is somewhat thicker than the upper lip. Their\nnoses are short and aquiline, with dilated nostrils. Their chins are\nprojecting and somewhat massive, for the jaw is strongly developed; the\ncheeks are somewhat hollow, and the cheek-bones very marked.\n\nThose born under the influence of the Moon have round-shaped heads,\nbroad at the temples (showing ideality--the Moon gives imagination).\nThe forehead is full over the eyebrows, but retreats at the top; it is\nbroad and low. The complexion is pale, almost colourless and the skin\nis soft. Their hair is fine, soft, of a colourless fairness, no golden\ntint in it and it is never very thick. The faces of those born under\nthe dominant influence of the Moon are large and round; the nose is (in\nproportion to the face) small and short and its tip is round rather\nthan pointed. Their eyes are of the same colour as the hair, very\nlightly marked, but joining over the nose. Their mouths are small; but\ntheir lips, which are of a pale colour, are full and pouting and are\nrarely quite closed. Their teeth are large and often irregular. Their\nchins are round, fleshy and retreating. Their ears are also round,\nmedium size, pale coloured, set in a very sloping direction and lying\nclose to the head. If born during an eclipse of the Moon, those born\nunder this influence are sometimes blind.\n\nPeople born under the influence of Venus have a great resemblance to\nthose born under Jupiter, only their beauty is more feminine. They have\nthe white and delicately-tinted skin of the Jupiterians, but it is\nstill softer, finer and more transparent. They have round faces, the\ncheek-bones and the jaw-bones are not at all apparent; their cheeks are\nsoftly rounded and generally ornamented with dimples; their foreheads\nare a delicate oval, rather low and have delicate azure veins at the\ntemples. The eyebrows of persons born under the influence of this\nbeautiful planet are dark and beautifully marked in long sweeping but\nvery delicate lines, but not meeting over the nose. Their hair is long,\nthick, soft, undulating and of a light brown colour. Their noses, which\nare broad at the root between the eyes, are straight and delicate, not\nat all pointed, but rather rounded at the tip;[20] the nostrils are\nround, but dilated and very flexible. Their eyes are large, clear,\nhumid and somewhat projecting; the pupils are large in proportion to\nthe white of the eye, which is limpid and of a clear, transparent,\nbluish white; their eyelids are well formed and blue veined. Their\nmouths are small and of a beautiful red colour; the lips are full,\nespecially the lower one, the right side of which is slightly larger\nthan the left. This is a particular Signature of Venus, as is also a\nsmall dimple near the corner of the mouth. The teeth are white, small,\nevenly set in coral-tinted gums and the chin is soft and round and has,\nlike the chin of Jupiterians, a dimple in it.\n\n [20] The noses of those born under Venus are frequently\n slightly upturned at the tip; they are never bent downwards\n over the lips.\n\nAlthough the signs just described are those given by each planet, as it\nrarely happens that anyone is born under the influence of one planet\nonly, but generally of two or more, it is rarely that we see a face\nwhich gives the pure type of any one planet without admixture. It is\nfor the physiognomist to examine and ascertain which is the dominant\nplanet.\n\nThe union of Saturn and Jupiter gives a pale skin without freshness,\nchestnut hair and eyes and a rather dark skin, the face a round oval\nand dark grey eyes.\n\nThe union of Venus with the Sun gives brilliant beauty, a beautiful\ncomplexion, hair of a golden brown or rich chestnut, full, bright brown\neyes with long eyelashes, a delicately-formed nose and a beautiful\nmouth. People born under this junction have much charm of manner, but\nthey are not very constant; for, although they have much tenderness,\nthey are of the ardent artistic nature, which, from its very\nsusceptibility, cannot be expected to be as constant as those who are\nless impressionable; they are people of quick rather than deep\nfeelings; they love readily, but as readily forget.\n\n\"Women born under the double influence of Venus and the Sun,\" says an\nold Italian writer on the subject, are \"loving, lovely and beloved.\"\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XXXIII.\n\nCONCERNING THE MOLES ON THE FACE AND THEIR REFERENCE TO THOSE ON THE\nBODY\n\n\nAll moles are the result of the influences of the planets, or of the\nsign of the zodiac rising at birth. The moles which are given by Saturn\nare black; those by Jupiter are of a purple-brown colour; those by the\nSun, yellow; by Venus, light brown; Mercury, honey-coloured; by the\nMoon, of a bluish white.\n\nA mole on the right side of the forehead, just beneath or on the line\nof Saturn (see plate) indicates another on the right side of the\nbreast. This mole shows to a man, if yellow, that he will have good\nfortune in sowing, tilling the earth, or building; if red, he will have\nluck all through his life, by his courage and force of character; if\nblack, his condition will be changeable; if the mole is purple, he will\nbe advanced to be the head of his family. In a woman a mole in this\nposition shows fortune by inheritance or legacies; but if black in\ncolour she will not live long.\n\nA mole on the left side of the forehead on the Line of Saturn indicates\nanother on the left side of the back and shows to a man imprisonment\nand disaster; if honey-coloured, his trouble comes from women; if red,\nfrom quarrels with enemies; if black, he will be unfortunate all his\nlife. To a woman it foretells that she will live out of her own country\nand if black she will be a widow.\n\nA mole in the middle of the forehead on the Line of Saturn shows\nanother in the middle of the stomach and foretells to a man, if it\nshould be black, that he will suffer much ill-fortune for the sake of\nwomen; if red, he will get some pleasure out of his troubles with them;\nand if yellow, he will rejoice through women; if of a pale bluish\ncolour and raised, he will be much beloved of women. To a woman, of\nwhatever colour it may appear, it indicates that she is of a very\nluxurious nature and will suffer from her own folly as regards men.\n\nA mole on the right side of the forehead on the Line of Jupiter shows\nanother on the right side over the liver and indicates, to a man, good\nfortune in marriage, long life and large possessions; but if black, he\nwill not be quite so lucky as regards marriage. To a woman it shows,\nwhatever its colour, good fortune in all that concerns her.\n\nA mole on the left side of the forehead on the Line of Jupiter shows\nanother on the left side of the stomach and indicates, to a man, love\nof material enjoyments, especially if it be of a purple colour; if\nhoney-coloured, he is not so sensual. To a woman such a mole shows her\nto be imprudent and quite regardless of her own honour.\n\nA mole in the middle of the Line of Jupiter shows another in the middle\nof the breast and indicates that a man is of a harsh nature; if red, he\nis furious in temper; if black, he is singularly unfortunate in all his\nundertakings; but if raised and of a bluish colour, he is less unlucky.\nTo a woman it indicates that she is foolish, prattling and idle.\n\nA mole on the right side of the Line of Mars shows another on the right\narm and indicates, if red, military distinction; if honey-coloured,\ngood fortune with horses and other cattle; if black, danger from\nfour-footed beasts; if much raised and somewhat red, it shows good\nfortune in all things relating to fire. To a woman this mole shows a\nrich husband, full of kindness and complacency.\n\nA mole on the left side of the Line of Mars indicates another on the\nleft arm, and shows a man to be of a quarrelsome nature; if black, he\nis treacherous and loses much by four-footed beasts and by\nhorse-racing; if purple or yellow, he is involved in quarrels about\nwomen. Such a mole, whatever its colour, shows a woman to be very\nunfortunate in her love affairs, and likely to be betrayed by her\nfemale friends.\n\nA mole in the middle of the Line of Mars indicates another on the left\nside of the belly; if red, the man is likely to be guilty of\nmanslaughter and if any other colour he is sensual. To a woman this\nmole shows vanity and, if black, she is likely to be the cause of the\ndeath of some friend, but more by mischance than by design.\n\nA mole on the right side of the forehead on the Line of the Sun\nindicates another on the right breast and intimates, to a man, of\nwhatever colour but black, riches and honours; if black, his good\nfortune will not be so great and will come, not from his own merits,\nbut from the exertions of friends. To a woman it shows an affluence of\nthe goods of fortune; but if black she will have to be very subservient\nto her husband.\n\nA mole near the right ear shows another on the right side of the belly,\nnot low down and signifies, to a man, a blow on the head, some accident\nto that ear, whereby he may lose his hearing; if black, these evils are\nthe more to be apprehended. To a woman it shows the loss of those\nthings she most values.\n\nA mole on the left ear shows another on the left side, low down on the\nbelly. This mole indicates to a man persecution from enemies. If it be\nof a red colour, that he will go near to committing murder by reason of\nwomen; if black, or even honey-coloured, it is still of evil indication\nand shows quarrels and violent death. To a woman, let it be of\nwhatsoever colour, it shows that she will be the cause of death to\nsomeone; let her, therefore, shun to meddle with poison.\n\nA mole on the right cheek shows another on the right hip and indicates,\nto a man, that he will have great charm of manner towards women, and be\nmuch beloved by them; this, whatever its colour. To a woman also it\nshows happy marriage and that she will be vehemently beloved.\n\nA mole on the left cheek shows another on the left hip and indicates,\nto a man, a wandering existence and short life; if black, he dies by\nviolence. To a woman it threatens sharp and hard fortune, especially in\nlove matters.\n\nA mole on the right side or corner of the mouth shows another at the\nright side of the lower part of the spine and shows, to a man, that he\nshall much increase his wealth by reason of his own sagacity; but if\nhoney-coloured, his good fortune will come by women. To a woman such a\nmole shows she will abound in wealth and be vehemently beloved; if\nblack in colour, with all these advantages, she will yet suffer from\nthe scandal of envious women friends.\n\nA mole on the left side of the mouth indicates another on the left side\nof the base of the spine and shows, to a man, that he will be entangled\nwith a woman he cannot marry, and have illegitimate children. To a\nwoman it shows a likelihood of the same disgrace.\n\nA mole in the middle of the upper lip shows another on the lowest part\nof the body and indicates, to a man, that he will be miserable from\nvarious perils, but above all from women. To a woman this mole shows\nsickness and weakness from internal diseases.\n\nA mole beneath the middle of the under lip shows another on the knee\nand indicates, to a man, that he will undertake long and perilous\njourneys, by reason of which he shall see many strange countries; if\nhoney-coloured, he will gain wealth from strangers and marry a rich,\nforeign wife. Such a mole shows a woman to be thoughtless and likely to\nmarry a foreigner and live much out of her own country.\n\nA mole upon the middle of the chin shows another upon the right foot\nand indicates, to a man, that he shall have good fortune through women.\nTo a woman happy marriage, but worry for her children.\n\nA mole on the right side of the chin shows another on the right haunch\nand indicates, to the man, that he will be of great intellectual\ncapacity; if black, he will be a searcher in occult matters. In a woman\nit shows good fortune, happy marriage and long life, whatsoever may be\nits colour.\n\nA mole on the left side of the chin shows another on the left haunch\nand indicates, to a man, inconstant fortune, much worry of mind and\nbodily discomfort. In a woman it shows ill-health and, if of a pale\nbluish colour, danger by water.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XXXIV.\n\nCONCERNING THE MOLES WHICH HAVE NO CORRESPONDING MOLES ON THE FACE\n\n\nA mole on the right side of the throat shows to a man great wit but\nshort life, whatever may be its colour. To a woman it indicates a\nreasonably happy life, but danger and pain from childbirth.\n\nA mole on the left side of the throat threatens a man with dangerous\nfalls from horses or from high places. To a woman the same and, should\nthe mole be of a pale colour, danger by water.\n\nA mole at the nape of the neck indicates to either man or woman great\ndanger of untimely death by water.\n\nA mole in the midst of the throat--that is, on the gullet--shows to a\nman much danger of death by strangulation or hanging. To a woman peril\nin sickness and, if the mole should be black in colour, she dies.\n\nA mole immediately under the right breast shows to a man that he will\nbe lucky in agriculture. To a woman that she shall receive inheritance\nfrom the dead; if black, her father is killed by accident.\n\nA mole under the left breast shows a man to be of a malignant nature\nand furious of temper, but strong in love. To a woman it indicates\ngreat constancy and suffering by reason of that constancy.\n\nA mole on the knee, whether left or right, predicts, to either man or\nwoman, long and various journeys. Such persons will marry entirely for\ntheir own fancy, probably foreigners, and will be very fortunate in\ntheir marriages.\n\nA mole on the calf of the right leg shows to a man that by his own\ningenuity and learning he shall attain a high position; if black, he\nwill receive some sorrow from women; but if the mole should appear\n_raised_ he marries a lovely person--has only one wife and lives\nhappily. To a woman it shows a fortunate, good and rich husband and\nthat she will have many children and live long.\n\nA mole on the lowest part of the body shows to a man that he is of a\nvery luxurious nature and that he shall be enriched by marriage. A\nwoman having this mole is rather sensuous, but--on the whole--faithful\nto her husband.\n\nA mole on the right shoulder shows a man to be fortunate in his\nundertakings; if red, he has a large fortune with his wife. To a woman\nit indicates a marriage above her expectations; but if black, she\nburies her first husband and marries again.\n\nA mole on the right foot shows to a man that he will be clever in\nacquiring foreign languages and that he will be a great student of\noccult matters. To a woman it promises a fortunate and happy, long\nlife; if black, this good fortune is somewhat chequered with troubles.\n\nA mole on the left foot denotes a man to be rash and of an evil and\nvagabond disposition. To a woman it shows much care and trouble and, if\nblack, danger in travelling.\n\nIf the second toe in a foot should stretch out much beyond the great\ntoe, it shows, to either man or woman, riches and a happy and\nprosperous life.\n\nA mole on the left shoulder predicts to a man much worry in money\nmatters. To a woman it shows a life of continual anxiety and\nhumiliation by reason of her own vanity. If black in colour, she\nsuffers some serious disgrace from her own conduct.\n\nA mole on the lower part of the neck on the right side near the\nshoulder shows a man to be very covetous. To a woman it indicates that\nshe will be beloved of princes or great personages far above her in\nrank.\n\nA mole on the neck near the left shoulder indicates to either man or\nwoman disgrace from evil practices.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XXXV.\n\nCONCERNING THE MARKS GIVEN AT BIRTH BY THE SIGNS OF THE ZODIAC\n\n\nBy a knowledge of the signature given by the signs of the zodiac, when\nrising at birth, we may sometimes ascertain the hour of nativity, or,\nat any rate, go near enough to it to be able to work out the horoscope\nafter a fashion, supposing the exact date to be impossible of\nattainment.\n\nA person born when the first part of the sign Aries is rising will have\na small raised mole amongst the hairs of the head; if the second part\nof the sign happened to be rising at the birth, the mark or mole would\nbe raised in the form of a pea or wart and would be seen on the\nforehead; if the third part of the sign arose at birth, the mark would\nappear below the mouth, or towards the chin. Those persons having these\nmarks of Aries on any of the parts described will generally be found to\nhave the mark of Mars in the lowest part of the body, also in the form\nof a raised mole or wart.\n\nWhen Taurus is rising at a birth, the native bears a mark in the front\nof the throat, sometimes in the form of a raspberry or red-coloured\nmole, which mark is always ill in its effects. Should the second part\nof the sign Taurus have been rising at the nativity, the person will\nhave the mark at the side of the throat. If the third, the same mark\nwill appear on the nape of the neck, but then it will be more raised\nthan the two former moles.\n\nThose born under Gemini have their marks in the arms. If the first part\nof the sign arose at birth, they bear its mark on the right arm, near\nthe shoulder; if the second, on the same part of the left arm and if\nthe third part of the sign arises at birth, the native bears the mark\non the right arm, but below the elbow and generally near the wrist.\n\nWhen the sign Cancer is in the ascendant, the mark is on the upper part\nof the right breast in the form of a flower or a hare's foot, of a\nwhitish colour, and commonly having a hair or two springing from it. In\nthe older days this mark was supposed to be an evidence of witchcraft\nin a woman and many poor creatures have lost their lives for this.\nThose born under the second part of the sign Cancer have the mark lower\ndown on the breast and when the third part of Cancer is rising at a\nbirth, the sign is nearly under the breast.\n\nWhen Leo is in the ascendant at birth, the sign is on the left breast\nand, in the same manner, if the sign appears high up on the breast it\nindicates that the first part of the sign was ascending; if near the\nmiddle, the second; and if on one side, towards the left armpit, the\nthird part of the sign must have been ascending at birth.\n\nIn nativities under Virgo the mark is on the upper part of the stomach,\nthat is, between the two breasts, when the first part of the sign\nascends; those born when the second part is rising have the mark near\nthe navel; and those when the third part is rising quite low down on\nthe stomach. Those that are thus marked are very inconstant. The moles\ngiven by Virgo are flat, and of a reddish colour.\n\nWhen Libra is in the ascendant, the marks are raised like warts, and\nare small, soft, and hairy; when the first part of the sign is rising\nthe mark is near the loins; when the second, towards the centre of the\nstomach and the third part of the sign throws the mark to quite the\nlower part of the body.\n\nThose born under Sagittarius have the mark of the sign in the thighs\nand these moles are raised like bulbs and are very big. When the first\npart of the sign is rising, the mark is on the right thigh; when the\nsecond part is rising, on the left thigh and those who have the third\npart of Sagittarius rising at their birth are so marked on the right\nhaunch.\n\nThose born under Capricornus have the marks on the knees, which marks\nare quite flat. When the first part is rising, the mark is on the right\nknee; when the second, on the left, and when the third, the mole is\nunder the knee.\n\nIt will be remembered that the sign Aquarius governs the legs;\ntherefore those who are born with this sign ascending have the mark of\nit (which is a long-shaped mole) on the right leg (this mark shows\nextreme inconstancy); when the sign Scorpio is rising at birth there is\na dark mole on the belly showing ill fortune.\n\nThe sign Pisces, or the Fishes, governs the feet; therefore those who\nhave this sign in their ascendant are marked on the feet. Those born\nunder the first part have the marks (which are ordinary flat moles) on\nthe right foot; those under the second, on the left; and those on the\nthird, on the soles of the feet or on the heels. These last are called\nthe Royal marks; they are large moles inclining to red, and those who\nare marked in those places are assured of honours and dignities.\n\n [Illustration: ALFRIDARY FOR A DIURNAL NATIVITY.\n ALFRIDARY FOR A NOCTURNAL NATIVITY.\n\n _To face Chapter XXXVI._]\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XXXVI.\n\nCONCERNING ALFRIDARIES\n\n\nThis word is taken from the Greek and refers to the certain time or\nnumber of years of the several planets which, in those years, dispense\ntheir benevolence or malignity according to their natures.\n\nIt will be observed from the plate at the beginning of this chapter,\nthat each of the planets has his Alfridary, one after the other--and in\nthis table will be seen the number of years in which each planet more\nparticularly governs the life.\n\nIn all diurnal nativities the Sun begins the first Alfridary, and has\nseven years of government; Venus succeeds, having seven years of\nAlfridary; then Mercury, who has seven years of government. After him\nthe Moon rules the existence for seven years; then Saturn for the same\nnumber; Jupiter succeeds him for seven years; afterwards Mars dominates\nthe existence for seven years; after which the Dragon's Head and\nDragon's Tail influence the life for three years; and then the Sun has\nfive more years of government, when the life probably ends.\n\nThose that are born in the night have their first Alfridaric years from\nthe Moon, which are seven, followed by those of Saturn, who has seven\nyears; after him Mars is dominant for seven years; then the Sun for the\nsame number of years; succeeded by Venus and Mercury, each only seven\nyears.\n\nThe years of an Alfridary are eighty-two--namely, the Moon, seven;\nSaturn, seven; Jupiter, seven; Mars, seven; the Sun, seven; Venus,\nseven; Mercury, seven; the Dragon's Head, three; the Dragon's Tail,\ntwo. These two last have their Alfridaric years separate from the\nothers, and they are those which exceed the seventy years of life,\nwhich are weak and feeble. For these signs are not (as we have seen)\nplanets, but only symbols of a place in the zodiac representing the\nMoon's north and south nodes.\n\nIt will be noticed in these tables that, after the years of\nseventy-five, the Sun in a diurnal nativity, and the Moon in a\nnocturnal nativity, take up again their government, as at the beginning\nof the life. These tables are interesting, as shadowing forth the dates\nof the events of the subject's life.\n\nThose born under the Sun marry early, whilst those in whose nativity\nthe Moon is powerful, generally marry rather late than early. In either\nnativity, when Saturn comes up, sorrows by death, sickness and loss of\nmoney may be expected; whilst, when Mars is powerful, evils of a strong\nand sudden nature appear, such as accidents, sudden deaths, quarrels\nand contentions of a vexatious character.\n\nThose born under the Moon have very often serious and passionate loves\nquite late in life; this is accounted for in some measure by the fact\nthat Venus has seven years of government in a nocturnal nativity from\nthe age of fifty to fifty-seven. The age of forty-four, in a diurnal\nnativity, would be likely to bring about some misfortune during that\nyear of the native's life, _both the infortunes_, Saturn and Mars,\nbeing then powerful. The same thing occurs in a nocturnal nativity at\nthe age of thirteen, from which age up to twenty there is not much good\nfortune; it will be remembered that the latter part of the life of a\nperson born at night is generally much happier and altogether more\nfortunate than the earlier years of existence.\n\n\n\n\nCHAPTER XXXVII.\n\nCONCERNING THE MYSTICAL WHEEL OF PYTHAGORAS AND THE METHODS OF WORKING\nIT\n\n\nThis mystical figure is copied from a work in old French on Chiromancy\nand Geomancy, compiled by the Sieur de Peruchio, and published at Paris\nin 1657.\n\nArithmancy, or divination by numbers, on which the working of this\nfigure depends, was much practised in various ways during the Middle\nAges; and much confidence appears to have been placed in this wheel of\nPythagoras, which resolves questions by a species of sortilegy by\nnumbers, in which the result depends upon the unfettered agency of the\nmind and will, or the serious intent to know any difficult thing. The\nwheel is said by the old-world writers to be able \"to resolve all\nquestions on all matters upon the result of which the querent desires\ninformation, whether of the past, present, or future.\"\n\nConcerning the method of working it, the Sieur de Peruchio gives the\nfollowing explanations:--\n\nThe wheel, it will be perceived, is divided into four equal parts, the\nupper part of which contains the numbers which are _fortunate_, and the\nlower half those which are _unfortunate_. Around the wheel are seen the\nletters of the Alphabet, above which are placed certain corresponding\nnumbers, which are required in the calculations.\n\nThe following table gives the numbers to be chosen by chance (as will\nbe explained further on) in working the questions:--\n\n --------------------------\n \u00a6 1 \u00a6 11 \u00a6 22 \u00a6 28 \u00a6 29 \u00a6\n |----|----|----|----|----|\n \u00a6 6 \u00a6 2 \u00a6 12 \u00a6 23 \u00a6 30 \u00a6\n |----|----|----|----|----|\n \u00a6 15 \u00a6 7 \u00a6 3 \u00a6 13 \u00a6 24 \u00a6\n |----|----|----|----|----|\n \u00a6 19 \u00a6 16 \u00a6 8 \u00a6 4 \u00a6 14 \u00a6\n |----|----|----|----|----|\n \u00a6 25 \u00a6 20 \u00a6 17 \u00a6 9 \u00a6 5 \u00a6\n |----|----|----|----|----|\n \u00a6 27 \u00a6 26 \u00a6 21 \u00a6 18 \u00a6 10 \u00a6\n --------------------------\n\nThe inquirer, whilst thinking _earnestly_ upon the matter he wishes\nresolved by the wheel, must choose a number out of the above Table.\n\nThis is better done with the eyes closed, and the number pricked out\nwith a pin, so that there may be no premeditation in the choice. To\nthis number, thus chosen, the inquirer must add the number answering to\nthe first letter of his first name, which number is seen in the wheel\nitself where the numbers are above the letters of the alphabet. To this\nnumber must be added the number of the day of the week on which the\nquestion is asked and of the planet ruling that day. Then add all these\nnumbers together and divide the sum by 30 as often as it can be done.\nThen look for that number which is the remainder in the inner circle of\nthe wheel; observing in what part of the wheel it falls should there\nhappen to be _no_ remainder, then the number 30 must be looked for. If\nthe question to be propounded should be whether anything about to be\nundertaken will succeed or not, should the number fall in the _upper_\npart of the wheel the matter will have a happy issue; but if, on the\ncontrary, the number appears on the _lower_ part of the wheel the thing\nin question will not be a success. In any question where time is\nconcerned as, for instance, as regarding how long or how short shall be\nthe matter in hand it must be borne in mind that the numbers in the\nright half of the wheel represent _long time_--that is, that the event\nabout which the question is asked will be some time before it comes to\npass; whilst those in the left half of the wheel signify _short_\ntime--and so, whether for good or evil, shall the business quickly or\nslowly come to pass.\n\nAll questions are thus to be asked but _one_, and that is, whether\na sick person shall recover or die; in which case, after proceeding to\nadd the numbers of the Christian name, the day of the week and the\nplanet, the number representing the Moon's age on the day the question\nis asked must also be added; for example, if a person whose name is\nVeronica--asks on a Wednesday, 20th day of the Moon, if a sick friend\nshould live or die, and chooses from the Table the number of 23, the\nmatter would be worked thus:--\n\n Number chosen 23\n Number answering to the letter V 9\n Number answering to Wednesday 102\n Number answering to the planet Mercury 114\n Number of the age of the Moon 20\n ---\n 268\n\nThis, divided by 30, leaves 28 remainder, which will be found to fall\nin the unfortunate part of the wheel, showing that her friend will\n_not_ recover.\n\nThe following table of the mystical numbers representing the planets,\nand also those belonging to the days of the week which each planet\ngoverns, is of much importance in working the wheel:--\n\n PLANETS. \u00a6 DAYS OF THE WEEK.\n \u00a6\n [Saturn] 55 \u00a6 Saturday 45\n \u00a6\n [Jupiter] 78 \u00a6 Thursday 31\n \u00a6\n [Mars] 39 \u00a6 Tuesday 52\n \u00a6\n [Sun] 34 \u00a6 Sunday 106\n \u00a6\n [Venus] 45 \u00a6 Friday 68\n \u00a6\n [Mercury] 114 \u00a6 Wednesday 102\n \u00a6\n [Moon] 45 \u00a6 Monday 52\n\nThese several numbers attributed to the days of the week, as well as\nthose of the planet ruling the day, are of very ancient origin and are,\nprobably, as well as the wheel itself, a relic of former _traditional_\nforeknowledge by lots and numbers.\n\nThere are certain days, however, which are evil days, on which no\nquestion should be asked of the wheel of Pythagoras. These days are as\nfollows:--\n\n Of January, the 3rd, 4th, 5th, 9th and 11th.\n Of February, the 7th, 13th, 17th and 19th.\n Of March, the 13th, 15th and 16th.\n Of April, the 5th and 14th.\n Of May, the 8th and 14th.\n June has but one ill day, which is the 6th.\n July has two, the 16th and the 19th.\n August has also only two, the 8th and 16th.\n September has three, the 1st, 15th and 16th.\n October has only one ill day, which is the 16th.\n November has two, the 15th and 16th.\n December has three, the 6th, 7th and 11th.\n\nThis is a very old tradition, and in medi\u00e6val ages these days were\nuniversally shunned as \"ruled by evil influences.\" In conclusion, those\nconsulting the wheel of Pythagoras are advised not to ask more than one\nquestion on the same day and to refrain from all gibing, sporting, or\njesting, and--above all--from all unbelief whilst making use of this\nmystical wheel in order to know the truth.\n\n\nENVOY.\n\nGo--little book--and teach the present age something of the wisdom\nbequeathed us by the Past.","title":"The influence of the stars : $b a book of old world lore","tradition":"myth-cosmogony","translated_text":null,"word_count":48441}