{"collection":"scripture-revelation","full_text_available":true,"graph_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/v2/api/page/gutenberg_63146/graph","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/v2/page/gutenberg_63146","id":"gutenberg_63146","license":"Public Domain (US)","rights_basis":"gutenberg_metadata_copyright_false","source":"gutenberg","source_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/63146","summary":null,"tags":["Category: History - American","Category: Religion/Spirituality","Category: Reports & Conference Proceedings","Category: Sociology","Congregational churches -- Missions -- Periodicals","Home missions -- Periodicals"],"text":"[Illustration: DECEMBER, 1883.\n\nVOL. XXXVII.\n\nNO. 12.\n\nThe American Missionary]\n\n\n\n\n                             CONTENTS\n\n                 *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n                                                         PAGE.\n\n    PARAGRAPHS                                                353\n    PROCEEDINGS AT ANNUAL MEETING                             354\n    TREASURER\u2019S REPORT                                        356\n    ABSTRACT OF THE GENERAL SURVEY                            357\n    SAVINGS AT THE ANNUAL MEETING                             359\n    ADDRESS OF REV. J. E. RANKIN, D.D.                        360\n    MISSIONARY LITERATURE, BY REV. GEO. M. BOYNTON            362\n    REPORT ON CHINESE WORK                                    366\n    ADDRESS OF REV. WM. A. BARTLETT, D.D.                     367\n    REPORT ON INDIAN WORK                                     370\n    ADDRESS OF REV. DR. ANDERSON                              371\n    ADDRESS OF REV. J. C. PRICE                               373\n    CASTE IN AMERICA, BY SECRETARY STRIEBY                    376\n    REPORT ON EDUCATIONAL WORK                                382\n    ADDRESS BY PRESIDENT S. C. BARTLETT                       383\n    CHRISTIAN EDUCATION AT THE SOUTH, BY REV. DR. GLADDEN     385\n    ADDRESS OF PROF. C. G. FAIRCHILD                          391\n    REPORT ON CHURCH WORK                                     393\n    ADDRESS OF REV. T. P. PRUDDEN                             396\n    REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON FINANCE                            397\n    ADDRESS OF REV. D. O. MEARS, D.D.                         398\n    ADDRESS OF REV. W. M. TAYLOR, D.D.                        401\n    ADDRESS OF REV. DR. DENNEN                                404\n    ADDRESS OF PROF. BARBOUR                                  406\n    RECEIPTS                                                  408\n    CONSTITUTION                                              412\n\n                 *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n                             NEW YORK:\n         PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION,\n                      Rooms, 56 Reade Street.\n\n                 *       *       *       *       *\n\n                Price 50 Cents a Year, in Advance.\n          Entered at the Post-Office at New York, N.Y.,\n                      as second-class matter.\n\n\n\n\nTHE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nPRESIDENT.\n\n  Hon. WM. B. WASHBURN, LL.D., Mass.\n\n\nVICE-PRESIDENTS.\n\n  REV. C. L. GOODELL, D.D.; REV. F. A. NOBLE, D.D.;\n  REV. A. J. F. BEHRENDS, D.D.; REV. J. E. RANKIN, D.D.;\n  REV. ALEX. MCKENZIE, D.D.\n\nCORRESPONDING SECRETARY.\u2014REV. M. E. STRIEBY, D.D.,\n  _56 Reade Street, N.Y._\n\nTREASURER.\u2014H. W. HUBBARD, ESQ., _56 Reade Street, N.Y._\n\nAUDITORS.\u2014WM. A. NASH, W. H. ROGERS.\n\n\nEXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.\n\n  JOHN H. WASHBURN, Chairman; A. P. FOSTER, Secretary; LYMAN ABBOTT,\n  A. S. BARNES, J. R. DANFORTH, CLINTON B. FISK, S. B. HALLIDAY,\n  EDWARD HAWES, SAMUEL HOLMES, CHARLES A. HULL, SAMUEL S. MARPLES,\n  CHARLES L. MEAD, S. H. VIRGIN, WM. H. WARD, J. L. WITHROW.\n\n\nDISTRICT SECRETARIES.\n\n  Rev. C. L. WOODWORTH, D.D., _Boston_.\n  Rev. G. D. PIKE, D.D., _New York_.\n  Rev. JAMES POWELL, _Chicago_.\n\n\nCOMMUNICATIONS\n\nrelating to the work of the Association may be addressed to\nthe Corresponding Secretary; those relating to the collecting\nfields, to the District Secretaries; letters for the Editor of\nthe \u201cAmerican Missionary.\u201d to Rev. G. D. Pike, D.D., at the New\nYork Office; letters for the Bureau of Woman\u2019s Work, to Miss D. E.\nEmerson, at the New York Office.\n\n\nDONATIONS AND SUBSCRIPTIONS\n\nmay be sent to H. W. Hubbard, Treasurer, 56 Reade Street, New York,\nor, when more convenient, to either of the Branch Offices, 21\nCongregational House, Boston, Mass., or 112 West Washington Street,\nChicago, Ill. A payment of thirty dollars at one time constitutes a\nLife Member.\n\n\nFORM OF A BEQUEST.\n\n\u201cI BEQUEATH to my executor (or executors) the sum of \u2014\u2014\u2014 dollars,\nin trust, to pay the same in \u2014\u2014\u2014 days after my decease to the\nperson who, when the same is payable, shall act as Treasurer of the\n\u2018American Missionary Association,\u2019 of New York City, to be applied,\nunder the direction of the Executive Committee of the Association,\nto its charitable uses and purposes.\u201d The Will should be attested\nby three witnesses.\n\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n                  [Illustration: Count Rumford.]\n\n                            HORSFORD\u2019S\n\n                          ACID PHOSPHATE.\n\n                             (LIQUID.)\n\n                FOR DYSPEPSIA, MENTAL AND PHYSICAL\n                     EXHAUSTION, NERVOUSNESS,\n                   DIMINISHED VITALITY, URINARY\n                        DIFFICULTIES, ETC.\n\n              PREPARED ACCORDING TO THE DIRECTION OF\n\n             Prof. E. N. Horsford, of Cambridge, Mass.\n\nThere seems to be no difference of opinion in high medical\nauthority of the value of phosphoric acid, and no preparation has\never been offered to the public which seems to so happily meet the\ngeneral want as this.\n\nIt is not nauseous, but agreeable to the taste.\n\nNo danger can attend its use.\n\nIts action will harmonize with such stimulants as are necessary to\ntake.\n\nIt makes a delicious drink with water and sugar only.\n\nPrices reasonable. Pamphlet giving further particulars mailed free\non application.\n\n                        MANUFACTURED BY THE\n\n                      RUMFORD CHEMICAL WORKS,\n\n                         Providence, R.I.,\n\n                  AND FOR SALE BY ALL DRUGGISTS.\n\n\n                 *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n                             MANHATTAN\n\n                    LIFE INS. CO. OF NEW YORK,\n\n                      _156 and 158 Broadway._\n\n                        THIRTY-THIRD YEAR.\n\n\n  DESCRIPTION\u2014One of the oldest, strongest, best.\n\n  POLICIES\u2014Incontestable, non-forfeitable, definite cash\n    surrender values.\n\n  RATES\u2014Safe, low, and participating or not, as desired.\n\n  RISKS carefully selected.\n\n  PROMPT, liberal dealing.\n\n\nGENERAL AGENTS AND CANVASSERS WANTED in desirable territory, to\nwhom permanent employment and liberal compensation will be given.\n\nAddress\n\n                                          H. STOKES, President.\n\n  H. Y. WEMPLE, Sec\u2019y.                 J. L. HALSEY, 1st V.-P.\n  S. N. STEBBINS, Act\u2019y.               H. B. STOKES, 2d V.-P.\n\n\n\n\n                     THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY.\n\n                 *       *       *       *       *\n\n          VOL. XXXVII.      DECEMBER, 1883.      No. 12.\n\n                 *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nAmerican Missionary Association.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nWe send this number of the MISSIONARY to some who do not receive\nit regularly, hoping they will find it of such interest, and the\nwork it represents of so much concern, that they will be induced to\nbecome regular subscribers. The price is 50 cents.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n_Fifty Gold Dollars._\u2014One of the newly-elected members of our\nExecutive Committee has placed in our treasury fifty gold dollars,\ngiven to him to be used in charity, at his discretion, by a friend\nin New Haven, who adopted this method of commemorating his fiftieth\nbirthday. The example is a good one, and we hope there are scores\nof others who will follow it without necessarily waiting until they\nare fifty before doing so.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nANNUAL MEETING.\n\n\nThe Annual Meeting of this Association, held in Brooklyn, will be\nremembered as one of special interest for several reasons: (1.)\nThe work done during the year was unusually encouraging; and the\nreports of the committees on the several parts were discriminating\nand full. (2.) The financial exhibit, showing once more a surplus\nof receipts over expenditure, with, however, a falling off in\nthe income from the living, was examined with candor and with\nwarm recommendations for more liberal gifts. (3.) A topic of much\ninterest to the Association and to an honored sister missionary\nsociety was considered at length in several papers, which we\npresent to our readers in full, without, however, intending to\nhold the Association responsible for the individual views therein\nexpressed.\n\nThe great number of the reports, papers and addresses compels us\nto select and abridge, reserving some for publication in future\nnumbers of the MISSIONARY or in the Annual Report. Papers relating\nto work for women will appear in the January number of the\nMISSIONARY, and the Sermon, as usual, will be found in the Annual\nReport.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nABSTRACT OF PROCEEDINGS AT THE ANNUAL MEETING.\n\n\nThe Thirty-seventh Annual Meeting of the American Missionary\nAssociation was held in the commodious Central Congregational\nChurch, Brooklyn, N.Y., beginning Tuesday, Oct. 30, at 3 P.M. In\nthe absence of the President, detained by illness, Rev. J. E.\nRankin, D.D., one of the Vice-Presidents, presided. Rev. C. P.\nOsborne was appointed Scribe, and Revs. F. E. Snow and G. P. Lane\nAssistant Scribes. Committees were appointed as follows:\n\n_On Nominations._ Rev. G. R. W. Scott, D.D., Rev. Wm. A. Robinson,\nHon. David N. Camp, Rev. E. O. Bartlett and Rev. P. B. Davis.\n\n_Business._ Rev. A. J. F. Behrends, D.D., Rev. W. W. Scudder, D.D.,\nRev. Frank Ayer, Rev. E. B. Palmer, H. H. Ricker, Esq.\n\n_Arrangements._ A. S. Barnes, Esq., Chas. A. Hull, Esq., Rev. G. D.\nPike, D.D., Wm. G. Hoople, Esq., Richard M. Montgomery, Esq., G.\nJohnson, Jr., Esq. and Rev. S. B. Halliday.\n\n_Indian Missions._ Rev. Joseph Anderson, D.D., Rev. C. C. Painter,\nGen. S. C. Armstrong, Rev. Cushing Eells, D.D., and Mr. Wm. H.\nMcKinney.\n\n_Chinese Missions._ Rev. Wm. Alvin Bartlett, D.D., Rev. Geo. M.\nBoynton, Rev. Evarts Scudder, Rev. S. L. Blake, D.D., and Rev. Geo.\nS. Smith.\n\n_Educational Work._ President S. C. Bartlett, D.D., Rev. Washington\nGladden, D.D., Rev. C. G. Fairchild, Rev. G. L. Ewell, Rev. E. W.\nBacon.\n\n_Church Work._ Prof. Llewellyn Pratt, Rev. T. P. Prudden, Rev. C.\nL. Woodworth, D.D., Rev. Isaac Hall, Rev. G. F. Gleason.\n\n_Finance._ Dea. Eliezur Porter, Rev. William M. Taylor, D.D., Rev.\nD. O. Mears, D.D., Hon. H. D. Smith, Rev. Erastus Blakeslee.\n\nH. W. Hubbard, Esq., Treasurer, read his annual report, which\nwas referred to the Committee on Finance. Rev. J. E. Roy, D.D.,\npresented the report of the Executive Committee, which was referred\nto the appropriate committees. Rev. G. M. Boynton read the report\nof the Committee on the Constitution, which was referred to a\nspecial committee. A half hour was spent in prayer and song.\n\nTuesday evening, at 7:30, Rev. Joseph Anderson, D.D., conducted\ndevotional services, and Rev. J. L. Withrow, D.D., of Boston,\npreached the annual sermon, from Luke, 9:24. Rev. A. J. F.\nBehrends, D.D., made an address of welcome. The Lord\u2019s Supper was\nadministered by Rev. Samuel Scoville and Rev. W. S. Palmer, D.D.\n\nWednesday morning, Rev. R. B. Howard conducted a half-hour\nprayer-meeting. At 9 o\u2019clock Dr. Rankin took the chair and read\nan address on \u201cThe Gospel of Christ our only Solvent for Race\nDifficulties.\u201d A committee to confer with the Conference Committee\nof the Am. Home Miss. Society selected at Saratoga, was appointed\nas follows: President, S. C. Bartlett, D.D.; Rev. J. L. Withrow,\nD.D., Rev. Washington Gladden, D.D., Rev. D. O. Mears, D.D., and\nRev. Wm. H. Ward, D.D.\n\nRev. D. K. Flickinger, D.D., Secretary of the Board of the United\nBrethren in Christ, gave an account of the Mendi Mission.\n\nRev. A. H. Bradford read a paper on \u201cWoman in Modern Charity\nand Missions.\u201d Rev. G. M. Boynton read a paper on \u201cThe Place of\nMissionary Literature in the Conversion of the World.\u201d\n\nProf. Albert Salisbury, of Atlanta, Ga., read a paper entitled:\n\u201cFor What are We Sent?\u201d Rev. A. A. Myers, of Williamsburg, Ky.,\nread a paper on the \u201cMountain White Work.\u201d\n\nFive-minute speeches were made by Rev. Isaac H. Hall, of New\nOrleans, La.; Rev. Geo. S. Smith, of Raleigh, N.C., and Rev.\nAlfred Connet, of McLeansville, N.C.\n\nWednesday afternoon, Rev. W. H. Ward, D.D., made a report on a\nvisit to the Dakota mission. The report of the Committee on Indian\nMissions was read by Rev. Joseph Anderson, D.D., Chairman, and\naddresses upon Indian affairs were made by Dr. Anderson, Rev.\nCushing Eells, D.D., Rev. Samuel G. Rankin and Rev. Anson Gleason,\nformerly missionary to the Choctaws. The report of the Committee on\nChinese Missions was presented by Rev. Wm. Alvin Bartlett, D.D.,\nChairman, who also made an address.\n\nOn motion of Rev. S. Wolcott, D.D., Resolved, That we place\non record our thorough disapproval, as an Association, of the\nexclusive and prohibitory legislation of our government relative\nto the Chinese. The report of the Committee on the Constitution\nwas presented by Rev. W. S. Palmer, Chairman, and accepted. After\ndiscussion the Amended Constitution was adopted with no dissenting\nvote.\n\nEvening Session.\u2014Devotional Services were conducted by Rev. J. M.\nWhiton, Ph. D. Addresses were made by a Chinaman, Ju Sing, from\nOakland, Cal.; by an Indian, Wm. Harrison McKinney, of the Choctaw\nNation, Indian Territory, a recent graduate of Roanoke University;\nby a negro, Rev. J. C. Price, of Salisbury, N. C., graduate of\nLincoln University in 1879, and by Secretary James Powell. The\nexercises were interspersed with singing by a choir of nine young\nChinamen, resident in Brooklyn and members of the Central Church\nSunday-School.\n\nThursday Morning.\u2014The half-hour prayer meeting was conducted by\nRev. Geo. S. Smith. At 9 o\u2019clock Dr. Rankin resumed the chair.\nSecretary M. E. Strieby read a paper on \u201cCaste in America.\u201d\nPresident S. C. Bartlett read the report of the Committee on\nEducational Work and made an address on that subject. A committee\nto consider Secretary Strieby\u2019s paper on \u201cCaste in America\u201d\nwas appointed, consisting of Deacon Samuel Holmes, General E.\nWhittlesey, Rev. S. Wolcott, D.D., Rev. G. M. Boynton, Rev. D.\nL. Furber, D.D. Rev. Washington Gladden, D.D., made an address\non \u201cIlliteracy in the South.\u201d Rev. Edward W. Bacon, Rev. C.\nG. Fairchild, and Rev. John L. Ewell, made addresses upon the\ndifferent phases of educational work at the South. Brief remarks\nwere also made by Rev. A. P. Foster and Rev. R. B. Howard.\n\nThursday Afternoon.\u2014After devotional services, Professor Llewellyn\nPratt, D.D., read the report of the Committee on Church Work, and\nRev. T. P. Prudden followed with an address. Rev. Erastus Blakeslee\nread the report of the Committee on Finance. Dr. Wm. M. Taylor\nmade an address on \u201cWhat the Bible Says About Giving.\u201d Rev. D. O.\nMears, D.D., made an address on \u201cThe Function and Privilege of\nthe Churches.\u201d Mrs. A. A. Myers, of Kentucky, read a statement\nregarding the mountain people of the South.\n\nThe following resolution was passed: \u201cWhereas, the Finance\nCommittee, after careful examination of the needs of the\nAssociation, have recommended that the contributions of churches,\nSunday-schools and individuals for the coming year be increased\n50 per cent, above the amount given by them during the past year,\ntherefore, Resolved, That we approve this recommendation of the\nFinance Committee, and urge contributors everywhere to increase\ntheir contributions accordingly.\u201d\n\nThe Committee appointed to consider Secretary Strieby\u2019s paper on\nCaste in America made report through the Chairman, Dea. S. Holmes.\n\nOfficers for the coming year were elected as printed on second page\nof cover.\n\nThe following resolution offered by Rev. E. Blakeslee was adopted:\nResolved, That if the Executive Committee now elected have any\nquestion as to their legal status under the Constitution, they\nbe and hereby are authorized to take legal advice thereon, and,\nif competent to do so, to arrange themselves in three classes\naccording to the terms of the new Constitution.\n\nThursday Evening.\u2014Rev. A. P. Foster conducted the devotional\nservices.\n\nAddresses were made by Rev. S. R. Dennen on \u201cSpiritual Life\nthe Supreme Power in Your Work,\u201d and by Dr. Wm. M. Barbour, on\n\u201cSpiritual Vitality the Crowning Necessity in Missionary Work.\u201d\n\nA resolution of thanks offered by Secretary Woodworth was adopted,\nand Dr. Behrends responded for the Brooklyn people in fitting\nterms, and the meeting was dissolved.\n\nAll the sessions were characterized by a hopeful spirit and by deep\nspirituality which found frequent expression in the voice of prayer.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nSUMMARY OF THE ANNUAL REPORT OF THE TREASURER OF THE AMERICAN\nMISSIONARY ASSOCIATION FOR THE YEAR ENDING SEPT. 30th, 1883.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n                             _RECEIPTS._\n\n  From Churches, Sabbath Schools, Missionary\n    Societies and Individuals                   $148,389.08\n  From Estates and Legacies                      126,366.73\n  From Incomes, Sundry Funds                       8,512.57\n  From Tuition and Public Funds                   25,191.06\n  From Rents, Southern Property                      848.85\n  From U.S. Government for Education of Indians      750.00\n  From Sale of Property                            2,500.00\n                                                \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014$313,567.29\n        Balance on hand Sept. 30, 1882                          789.83\n                                                           \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\n                                                           $313,357.12\n                                                           ===========\n\n\n                            _EXPENDITURES._\n\n                             _The South._\n\n  For Church and Educational Work, Lands,\n    Buildings, etc.                             $230,022.15\n\n                            _The Chinese._\n\n  For Superintendent, Teachers, Rent, etc.        11,021.90\n\n                            _The Indians._\n\n  For Church and Educational Work                 18,955.44\n\n                          _Foreign Missions._\n\n  For Superintendent, Missionaries, etc., for\n    Mendi Mission                                  6,227.43\n  For John Brown Steamer                           3,714.81\n  For Supplemental Arthington Fund                 5,837.40\n  For Support Aged Missionary in Jamaica             332.50\n\n                            _Publications._\n\n  For American Missionary (22,000 Monthly),\n    Annual Reports, Clerk Hire, Postage, etc.      6,795.95\n\n                              _Agencies._\n\n  For EASTERN DISTRICT.\u2014District Secretary,\n    Agent, Clerk Hire, Traveling Expenses,\n    Printing, Postage, Rent, etc.                  5,693.10\n  For MIDDLE DISTRICT.\u2014District Secretary,\n    Traveling Expenses, Printing, etc.             3,031.59\n  For WESTERN DISTRICT.\u2014District Secretary,\n    Clerk Hire, Special Grant and Traveling\n    Expenses, etc.\n                                                   4,074.53\n\n                           _Administration._\n\n  For Corresponding Secretary, Treasurer,\n    Secretary of Women\u2019s Bureau and Clerk Hire     8,866.50\n\n                           _Miscellaneous._\n\n  For Rent, Care of Rooms, Furniture, Repairs,\n    Traveling Expenses, Books, Stationery,\n    Postage, Expressage, Telegrams, etc.           3,572.10\n  For Wills and Estates                            1,987.96\n  For Annual Meeting                               1,334.75\n  For Annuity Account, balance                       986.55\n  For Expenses of Committee on Constitutional\n    Amendments                                       248.75\n  Amounts refunded, sent to the Treasurer by\n    mistake                                          105.39\n                                                  \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014$312,808.80\n        Balance on hand Sept. 30, 1883                          548.32\n                                                           \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\n                                                           $313,357.12\n                                                           ===========\n\n                _Endowment Funds Received_, 1882-1883.\n\n  Tuthill King Fund, for Atlanta University       $5,000.00\n  Tuthill King Fund, for Berea College             5,000.00\n  Theological Department, Howard University        1,100.00\n  N. M. and A. Stone Theological Scholarship,\n    for Talladega College                          1,000.00\n                                                  \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 $12,100.00\n\n                         _Arthington Mission._\n\n  Received from Oct. 1, 1882, to Sept. 30, 1883               1,417.53\n\n                        _Stone Building Fund._\n\n  Balance for Atlanta University, Stone Hall, paid           10,918.70\n\n                           _RECAPITULATION._\n\n  Current Fund                                  $312,567.29\n  Endowment Fund                                  12,100.00\n  Arthington Fund                                  1,417.53\n  Stone Fund, balance                             10,918.70\n                                                \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\n                                                $337,003.52\n                                                ===========\n\n  The receipts of Berea College, Hampton N. and A. Institute,\n    and State appropriation of Georgia to Atlanta University,\n    are added below, as presenting at one view the contributions\n    of the same constituency for the general work in which the\n    Association is engaged:\n  American Missionary Association               $337,003.52\n  Berea College                                   11,351.47\n  Hampton N. and A. Institute (beside amount\n    through A. M. A.)                            118,054.15\n  Atlanta University                               8,000.00\n                                                \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\n                                                $474,409.14\n                                                ===========\n\n                                  H. W. Hubbard, Treasurer,\n                                       56 Reade Street, New York.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nABSTRACT OF THE GENERAL SURVEY.\n\n\nWORK IN AFRICA.\n\nMendi Mission. The income of the Avery Fund and the \u201cJohn Brown\u201d\nsteamer have been transferred for five years to the United\nBrethren, who have a mission\u2014Shengay\u2014adjoining Mendi.\n\nThe Arthington mission and fund have been offered to the United\nPresbyterians, who have a successful mission in Egypt.\n\n\nINDIAN WORK.\n\nDakota missions transferred from the American Board to the A. M. A.,\nexcept the six churches of Sisseton Agency, which had been\ntransferred to the Home Mission Board of Pres. Gen. Assembly.\nLeaving out those, we have now, including the mission in Washington\nTerritory, 5 stations, 9 schools, 5 churches, 12 missionaries, 25\nteachers, 1 native pastor, 12 native teachers, 271 church members,\n356 pupils, 584 Sunday-school scholars.\n\n\nWORK AMONG THE CHINESE.\n\nAt our recommendation the American Board has opened a mission at\nHong Kong, China, a rally-centre for converted Chinamen returning\nto their native land.\n\nIn California the last year\u2014Rev. W. C. Pond, Superintendent\u201419\nschools; 2,823 scholars; 40 teachers, of whom 14 are Chinese; 175\nhave ceased from idolatry; 121 give evidence of conversion; 400\nduring history of mission have turned to Christ.\n\n\nWORK AMONG NEGROES.\n\nWork in twelve States of the South, and in Kansas and District of\nColumbia; 8 chartered institutions; 12 high and normal schools; 42\ncommon schools; 279 teachers; and 9,640 students. The Theological\nDepartment of Howard University has 34 students; Talladega, 14;\nFisk, 9; and Straight, 13, with 20 students in law.\n\n_New Buildings_: \u201cWhitin Hall,\u201d at New Orleans; \u201cCassedy Hall,\u201d\nat Talladega; Stone Hall at Atlanta finished; Library Building at\nMacon, Ga.; schoolhouse at Hillsboro, N.C.; at Memphis, Le Moyne\nInstitute enlarged.\n\n_Industrial Work_: Farms at Talladega and Tougaloo and Atlanta;\nshops at Memphis, Tougaloo, Macon, Charleston; cooking, nursing,\nsewing, taught at Atlanta, Fisk, Tougaloo; house-work in all the\neight boarding schools.\n\n_Church Work_: Six new churches\u2014At McLean\u2019s, N.C.; Knoxville,\nTenn.; Birmingham, Ala.; Jackson, Miss.; Fayetteville, Ark.; Belle\nPlace, La.\n\nThe six new churches of last year are all doing well. Total number\nchurches, 89; members, 5,974, an average of 67; additions, 667; on\nprofession, 528; Sunday-school scholars, 9,406; raised for church\npurposes, $12,027.21; benevolent contributions, $1,049.35.\n\nSix new church edifices built at Pekin, Oaks and McLean\u2019s, in N.C.;\nat Knoxville, Tenn.; Louisville, Ky.; Mobile, Ala. and Belle Place,\nLa.; Brick Church at Lawrence, Kan., rebuilt.\n\n\nMOUNTAIN WHITE WORK.\n\nBesides original churches and schools in Kentucky, a new church and\nacademy at Williamsburg, Ky. Other missions coming on around this\nplace. The academy has had 108 scholars, who have paid as tuition\n$303\u2014not one failing to pay. Work encouraging. Color question\ntested and carried in accordance with the principles of A. M. A.\n\n\nWOMAN\u2019S BUREAU.\n\nFrom September, 1861, on to the present time women have been\nprominent workers. By 1864, 169 women workers; in 1865, 261; in\n1866, 264; in 1870, 450; in 1869, 2,000 different ladies had\nserved; and to date not less than 3,000, an army of Gospelers!\nAmong Indians, 17 lady missionaries. Among Chinese in California,\n24 lady missionary teachers.\n\nMiss D. E. Emerson has been appointed as secretary. She is\nexperienced on the field, and acquainted with the details of office\nwork, as clerk for the southern field.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nWANTS.\n\n1. For current work, $1,000 for every day of the year.\n\n2. Endowments in the several institutions.\n\n3. A Boys\u2019 Hall at Tillotson Institute, Austin, Texas.\n\n4. $10,000 to add to Edward Smith\u2019s $10,000 to build the first\nhall, at Little Rock, of Edward Smith\u2019s College, for whose campus\n(14 acres) he paid $5,500, already greatly enhanced in price. New\nhall to be named for second donor.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nSAYINGS AT THE ANNUAL MEETING.\n\n\n\u2014Prof. Albert Salisbury: I do not approve the factory idea of\nindustrial instruction.\n\n\u2014Dr. Withrow: Selfishness is as sure to destroy what it seeks to\nsave as a cancer is to kill.\n\nNever in this world was a monument made to memorialize a mere\nmoney-getter.\n\n\u2014Dr. Behrends: The color-line is only a section, and a very small\nsection at that, of the race-line.\n\nIt is not in India alone that the existence of caste constitutes\none of the most serious obstacles to the progress of the Gospel.\n\n\u2014Dr. Rankin: For Southern educational work this Society has put in\nmillions by the side of the United States Government\u2019s millions.\nThe Government has given $5,000,000, this Society has given\n$5,000,000.\n\nWestminster Abbey opened of its own accord to take the dust of\nDavid Livingstone. Why? Because he stretched himself on Africa, as\nthe prophet stretched himself on the dead body of the widow\u2019s son.\n\n\u2014Rev. A. H. Bradford: Florence Nightingale robbed war of half its\nterrors.\n\nThese Women\u2019s Boards of Missions do more than all other means\ncombined to keep alive the missionary spirit.\n\nThe women of our day have reversed the Apostolic injunction and\nare reading it, \u201cHelp those men.\u201d We need to restore the original\nreading, \u201cHelp those women.\u201d\n\n\u2014Rev. Isaac Hall: Speaking of the colored people\u2019s futile efforts\nto solve the race problem, he said: First we thought we would go\nto Africa, but we couldn\u2019t get ships enough: then we thought we\nwould go to Kansas, but we couldn\u2019t get cars enough; then, since we\ncouldn\u2019t get away, we decided we would stay; and now what are you\ngoing to do about it?\n\n\u2014Dr. Wm. Alvin Bartlett stigmatized the California law which\nforbade a Chinaman to live in an apartment with less than 500 cubic\nfeet of air, and punished him with imprisonment in a cell with less\nthan 200 feet of air.\n\nThe Chinese are not illiterate, but it is objected that they are\ntoo numerous. Why, there are hardly Chinamen enough in our country\nto be schoolmasters of our countrymen who cannot read and write.\n\nBut the Chinese worship their ancestors. Well, I would rather\nrevere my ancestors than leave my children such pernicious doctrine\nas the anti-Chinese people teach. It is better to worship your\nancestors than to damn your posterity.\n\n\u2014Ju Sing recognized the fact that all Americans are not hostile\nto Chinamen. \u201cWe know that there are some God\u2019s people, and some\ndevil\u2019s people.\u201d\n\n\u2014Nine young Chinamen, residents of Brooklyn and members of the\nCentral Sunday-School, sang Gospel Hymns. They also sang \u201cPass me\nnot, O Gentle Saviour,\u201d done into Chinese, Jim Sing taking the\nsolo.\n\n\u2014Secretary Powell: Now that slavery has gone, there must go with it\nblind-eyed prejudice and anti-Christian caste.\n\n\u2014Rev. J. C. Price, North Carolina: At the close of the war Canaan\nwas not entered, as a recent decision of the Supreme Court tells\nus, but the Red Sea was crossed. Has the Negro grown? Then his\nchief object was to be in Gen. Sherman\u2019s army; if not in it in the\nwake of it. Now he is looking about for property and education.\n\nThe colored people of Georgia alone have acquired a property of\n$6,000,000. In North Carolina from twelve to fifteen newspapers are\nedited, owned and controlled by colored people.\n\nIf God has made the Negro a man, he requires of him all the work of\na man. Then let Christian people do all they can to qualify him for\nthat work. He quotes the words of the Secretary: \u201cThe true solution\nof the Negro problem is not to change his color or his place of\nresidence, but to change his character.\u201d\n\n\u2014Sec. Strieby: This Society is not handicapped for this work except\nby its firm and well-known attitude against caste, and any other\nSociety equally faithful on that subject would soon be equally\nhandicapped.\n\n\u2014Pres. Bartlett claimed to represent an institution that from\nthe very first has rejected the color line; a century ago it was\neducating the Indians, a half a century the Negro shared its\nprivileges. Speaking of the Negro\u2019s unquestioned piety he said: \u201cHe\nsees hell impending, heaven before him and the chariot swings low.\u201d\n\n\u2014Dr. Gladden: No man has a right to engage in the work of governing\nwho does not know what just government is. I protest against that\nkind of government.\n\nFrom 1870 to 1880 the colored voters at the South increased 30 per\ncent.; their illiteracy increased only 20 per cent. The whites\nat the South are gaining in intelligence but little, the blacks\nsplendidly. Most of the gain South is due to the education of the\nNegro.\n\nHow do you account for this gain? Did you ever hear of Fisk and\nBerea and Atlanta? The census tables have heard of them if you have\nnot.\n\nAny society that is as really and thoroughly Christian as this one\nwill meet the same objection as this one.\n\n\u2014Dr. Taylor: \u201cBring an offering and come unto my courts.\u201d In\nScotland, where I was brought up, the first act of worship was to\nlay a piece of money on the table.\n\nSometimes a man assigns a debt so that what is due him is paid to\nanother. So the Lord Jesus has assigned the debt, and we are to pay\na large part of what we owe to him to the poor and needy; to the\nbenighted and degraded; to the Indian, the Negro and the heathen\nthat need the light.\n\n\u2014Dr. Dennen: Speaking of denominational antipathies, he was\nreminded of the brass oxen under the brazen laver standing with\ntheir rumps toward each other and their eyes directed away to their\nown selfish interests.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nTHE CROSS OF CHRIST THE ONLY SOLVENT FOR RACE DIFFICULTIES.\n\n\nRev. J. E. Rankin, D.D., who presided happily at our annual\nmeeting, read an interesting opening address, from which we give\nthe following extracts:\n\nThe Cross of Christ proves man\u2019s universal brotherhood. If He is\nour brother-man, we are His brother-men.\n\nWhen last night we took that bread and drank that wine, what did\nwe do? We symbolized Christ\u2019s human brotherhood. This He did for\nhumanity\u2019s sake. What taint of Judaism had He? What recognition\ndid He ever make that He belonged to any single nationality, to\nany single tribe, to any single class? Is He brother-man to the\nJew only, because he was born of a Jewish mother? Is He any less\nbrother-man to the Gentile? When we ate that bread, we ate that\nwhich sets forth, what? God manifest in the flesh. God manifest in\nthe flesh of humanity. Not because we are Anglo-Saxon, and have\nthe Anglo-Saxon Bible, the Anglo-Saxon literature, the Anglo-Saxon\ncivilization, the Anglo-Saxon freedom and manhood, of which we\nare so proud, have you and I a claim to this Brother-man? It is\nbecause we are on the same human level with the other races, from\nwhich we so much differ, and above which God has given us such an\nexaltation. For such were we. It is because we are brother-men to\nFrederick Douglas, and Sitting Bull, and the last Chinaman who has\nbeen smuggled from the Celestial kingdom, because the continent\nis too narrow for him and us. It is because we are so low and not\nbecause we are so high, that we had a right to sit there; to eat\nthat bread, and drink that cup. That broken bread is the emblem,\nnot of Anglo-Saxon humanity, but of lost, degraded, fallen humanity.\n\nThe Cross of Christ interprets man\u2019s universal brotherhood. It\nneeds to be interpreted. It is the last thing man learns here;\nthat in Christ Jesus the humblest man is his equal. Ask almost\nany man if he wants the elevation of his brother-man; if he wants\nhis brother-man in India, in China, in Japan, in the South, or on\nthe Pacific Coast, made his equal, and given a chance to outstrip\nhim, in the struggle for betterment? And he will usually answer,\n\u201cWhy yes, of course. Do I not pray for it and contribute for it?\u201d\nBut, will you sacrifice your prejudices for his sake? He needs\ndifferent religious influences, different educational influences,\ndifferent social influences, he needs to feel that he is no\nlonger ostracised, and that he may aspire for himself and his\nchildren, just as you may. Will you adopt him into your religious,\neducational, social circles? But, you reply: \u201cThat is a society\nquestion.\u201d It is a society question. And you belong to the Kingdom\nof God; to the unseen society, which, by the power of His Cross,\nthis God-Man, who took the form of a servant, is gathering out\nof the nations; you have fellowship with Him, in His humiliation\nfor humanity\u2019s sake. And yet, you propose to decide this question\naccording to the laws and usages of a society to which you do\nnot belong, out of which God has called you, and against whose\ninhumanity to man, against whose worldly pride the Cross is a\nstandard lifted up by God himself. You are under the most sacred\nof bonds to record your testimony as belonging to quite another\nsociety.\n\nIn what sense, after all, are we brothers? Can society answer this\nquestion? Can anything but the Cross of Christ? The Saviour gives\nus a picture of what it is to be a true neighbor in the parable\nof the Good Samaritan. \u201cWho,\u201d asks He, \u201cwas neighbor to him that\nfell among thieves?\u201d He that thought it was a society question, a\nquestion of caste; he who came and looked on him, and passed by on\nthe other side? He that put money into the contribution box for\nhim, or sent some one else to help him to the hospital? No; only\nthe man that set him upon his own beast, carried him to an inn, and\ntook care of him. A man cannot live a neighbor to man if he is not\nliving a neighbor to God, as he is in Christ Jesus.\n\nBefore the war, there was organized a benevolent society, whose\nanniversary occurs the present week\u2014a society to preach the Gospel\namong the heathen. Its founders said, \u201cWe cannot take money that\nhas been coined from slave labor. It is the price of innocent\nblood. It cries up to God for vengeance.\u201d\n\nWhat is the history of that society? Why, the smoke of our civil\ncontest had hardly cleared away before it began to build up the\nwaste places of the South, heaping coals of fire upon the people\nthere. Under its auspices, the choicest daughters of New England\n(as though they had been angels of God) went down there, with the\nspelling-book and the Bible; took their share of the ostracism\nmeted out to the recent bondmen, for Jesus\u2019 sake; many of them\nlaid down their lives there. There has scarcely been a foreign\nmissionary field in the world which has had more perils, which\nhas demanded greater sacrifices, which has developed spirits more\nheroic, more Christ-like. The same spirit which led our brave boys\nin blue to die to make men free, led their sisters to die to make\nthem holy. And what do you see to-day? This society has done more\nto stay the tide of illiteracy, to lay the foundations of permanent\ncivil and religious prosperity than all the other agencies put\ntogether. God\u2019s secret is with them that fear Him. The men who, for\nChrist\u2019s sake, said, \u201cWe cannot set apart to God that which has\ncome from unpaid human labor; we cannot thus have fellowship with\nthe works of darkness;\u201d these men God has put into the fore-front\nof the great battle with ignorance and degradation\u2014the great battle\nin which the South begins to ask the Nation which cannot protect\nthe black man to come to her assistance, crying out, like Caesar\nto Cassius, \u201cHelp, Cassius, or we sink!\u201d They got their baptism\nat the foot of the Cross. Look at the queenly institutions which\nthey have planted. Look at the thousands of the sons and daughters\nof Ethiopia, whom they have developed into the mental, moral and\nspiritual stature of true manhood; whom they have polished after\nthe similitude of a palace, fitted for professions, for business,\nfor home life. Look at the churches they have planted. This is\ntheir conception of the brotherhood of man, as they have been\ntaught it at the Cross, as the Cross has interpreted it to them.\n\n    I know no difference of race,\n        Of African and Saxon;\n    Of tawny skin, of rose-cheeked face,\n        Of hair of crisp and flaxen.\n    The soul within, that is the man,\n        There is God\u2019s image hidden:\n    And there He looks, each guest to scan,\n        The bidden and unbidden.\n\n    One God in love broods over all!\n        One pray\u2019r to Him is taught us;\n    One name for mercy, when we call;\n        One ransom, Christ has brought us.\n    One heart of meekness, lowly mind,\n        Life\u2019s counter currents breasting;\n    One Father\u2019s House, we hope to find,\n        Within God\u2019s bosom resting.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nTHE PLACE OF MISSIONARY LITERATURE IN THE CONVERSION OF THE WORLD.\n\nREV. GEO. M. BOYNTON.\n\n\nThe literature of missions has a threefold function in its\nrelation to the conversion of the world: to inform, to quicken\nand to direct. It would be hard to over-estimate the importance\nof the history and record of missionary efforts and successes in\ntheir relation to the intelligence of the Christian people of\nour land and our day. If we are exhorted to _add to our faith_,\nvirtue (manly and holy enterprise) _and to virtue, knowledge_, the\nexhortation must apply (next to the knowledge of God and of His\nword) to the knowledge of the history and progress of His kingdom\nin the world.\n\nWe do not call him even a fairly intelligent citizen of the United\nStates who does not know something of the history of his own\ncountry\u2014who does not know the general order of its great questions\nand great conflicts. What shall we say of one who claims to have\nhis citizenship in heaven and yet is willingly ignorant of the\ngreat battle-grounds of Christ\u2019s kingdom of even the near past, and\nso knows nothing of the questions which agitate the present day or\nthe forces of the foes now in the field?\n\nIt is no small thing to follow the current history of the world,\nas it has been brought so near to us in our day, and yet with what\neagerness the morning paper is looked for in every home of even\nordinary intelligence; and after the half-hour\u2019s search, how often\nto the question, \u201cWhat is there of interest to-day?\u201d the answer\ncomes, \u201cOh, nothing.\u201d The journals are full of manufactured news;\npolitical squabbles; stories of scandal and of crime; with now and\nthen some event which marks a step in the world\u2019s progress of more\nthan ordinary consequence. It is often said that our missionary\nperiodicals are not of thrilling interest, but I am willing to\nleave it to the testimony of any candid man whether they do not\nat least fairly approximate the secular press in interest and\nability, only that men are more eager to know what is going on in\nthe kingdoms of this world than in the kingdom of our Lord and\nSaviour Jesus Christ. It is the _appetite_ which largely gives its\nsavor to the food. _When our hearts are all aglow_ with love to the\nMaster of us all, and we want to know, above all things, that he is\nbeing satisfied with the travail of his soul, _we do not count the\ntidings of the advancement of his kingdom dull_. If his interests\nare ours, we shall watch them.\n\nOne of the great requisites to giving or praying is that men should\nknow to what their alms are directed and for what their prayers go\nup to God. Let the missionary press, then, give us information, and\ngive it freely. The men and the women who read want to have, not\nthe impressions of other people reproduced, but the details which\nmade those impressions. They want the facts, set forth with vivid\nexactness, with life-like coloring. It is only now and then one of\nour missionaries at the front who seems to comprehend that he must\nmake us see what he sees, and must remember that his reflections\nupon the things that have become familiar to him will not make\nus familiar with the facts. If he can stir our imaginations and\nmake us his attendants during his day\u2019s work, we shall be led to\nsympathy and support.\n\nWhen the Church Missionary Society of London was making its\nexploration into Africa the long pages of journal written on the\nspot from day to day were the most thrilling pages of current\nhistory that were being written; and many of you have not forgotten\nthe diary of our own Dr. Ladd of his journey up the Nile. Nothing\nshould be spared to open the eyes of the givers and the prayers\nto what you may call instantaneous views of the workers at their\nwork. Give us the facts in the best possible shape if you want our\nsympathy, our prayers, our money. Until you have done that, you\ncannot, if you would, call down on us the condemnation spoken to\nhim that \u201c_seeth_ his brother have need\u201d and does not help him.\n\nBut Christian character needs _inspiration_ as well as information.\nIt needs not only to know, but to feel; not only to have its eyes\nmade clear to see, but its heart stimulated to a worthy enthusiasm.\nWe do not get our _inspiration_ so much from great events as from\ngreat men. Souls are quickened by quickening souls. The contagion\nof enthusiasm spreads from life to life. That in the literature of\nmissions, which will especially kindle missionary enthusiasm is to\nbe found in the veins of the noble lives of the men and women who\nhave counted their lives not worth the keeping, for their love for\nChrist and for the Kingdom of whom this world was not worthy, and\nwho, in the world, were least of all men of it.\n\nWhat other fuel can you find to build a fire of grand enthusiasm\nfor the Master like the one you have in the biography of missions?\nNowhere away from the sacred record can you find nobler events\nof Christian living and devotion. Nowhere are there grander\nillustrations of the spirit of Christian heroism. Nowhere more\nstirring suggestions of the possible attainments of Christian grace.\n\nNor do I recall a missionary biography which is morbid and so\nmisleading\u2014which sets up an introspective and dyspeptic type of\npiety as a model and standard. The missionary has no time to be\nmorbid. He has made a consecration of all his energies to his\nMaster. His life is led actually and daily by the high purpose\nwhich he has set before him. His biography is not a picture of\nstill life. He cannot stop to take becoming attitudes, even before\nhis own eyes. He has no time to write a journal of his supposed\nspiritual states. If you take his photograph you must take him in\nmotion, as nowadays they take a horse upon the race-track, and you\nget him with every muscle set and every nerve charged with life.\n\nI know no better books for men or boys, for matrons or maidens,\nthan such books as these, in which you have such lives embalmed.\n\nWhere can you find a manlier life than that of John Coleridge\nPatteson, Bishop of Melanesia, his diocese the island of the sea,\ninhabited by blacks. The story of his patience and his pluck and\ncheerful confidence is enough to dispel the worst type of malarial\nsaintship\u2014shaky and intermittent. To see him with his senior bishop\napproaching a new island, rowing in his small boat as near as was\nsafe to the breakers, and then the two pioneers of the Gospel\ntaking a header through the waves and swimming to the land to tell\nthe Gospel of great joy to the dusky and unclad islanders! There\u2019s\ntonic in the very reading. He could be a bishop without robes or\ntitles. God had sent him to be an overseer of lone regions and lost\nsouls. Or what could be more tragic than the final scene of his\ndeath by the treacherous arrows of the natives, and the ghastly\ntableau of the still young hero of God floating out in the boat\nalone toward his waiting friends.\n\nThere is a biography yet unwritten of one connected with the work\nof this Association which, if it could be spread upon the record,\nwould equal this in the sincerity of his devotion, in purity of\nhis motive, in his bearing patiently when nearly all men spoke ill\nof him, for Christ\u2019s sake and the Gospel\u2019s, and even friends for a\ntime began to doubt him, in his readiness to take up the hardest\nthing there was to do until the end. You will know of whom I speak\nwhen I tell you that he was equally the friend of the Indian and of\nthe negro; that he became the target of all the shafts of malice\nwhen he sought to protect the poor Indian from his worse than\nsavage foes within the capital of the nation and on the western\nreservation; that he became the victim of the deadly malaria of the\nAfrican coast, where he had gone to reorganize and direct the work\nof this Association in the Mendi Mission. I speak of one whom we\nall delight to honor and call reverend\u2014the Reverend Edward P. Smith.\n\nAnd there are others still upon the field, whose names may or may\nnot be known to any wide fame with men, and women, too, who have\nhazarded their lives for the privilege of preaching and of teaching\nin the name of Christ. We cannot afford to lose the records of such\npositive and aggressive Christianity for their stimulus to the\nChristian character of those at home and those whose characters are\nforming yet.\n\nDr. Goodell names as one of the ten ways by which the world is to\nbe saved, that we keep the home and Sunday-school libraries full\nof that most interesting and profitable of all our literature\nfor the young, the books written by Christ\u2019s soldiers upon the\nfield of battle. I would emphasize even more than that\u2014the books\nwritten about these heroes of the faith and their lives of earnest\nand joyful sacrifice. Who will not acknowledge that we need the\ninspiration in our day?\n\nIf the Christian world needs for its own sake the information\nand the inspiration which can only come from the literature of\nmissions, the missionary work itself needs equally this means to\nmake its opportunities known to the Christian world.\n\nThat is only in part, if at all, a Christian church which is not a\nmissionary church as well. The salt which has lost its savor is no\nlonger salt. It will save deception if you take off the label. It\nis \u201cgood for nothing,\u201d and is to be cast into the street only to\nget rid of it, and not because it is good for a road.\n\nThe true Church of Christ is concerned about the progress of his\nkingdom, is in earnest sympathy with those who are at the front,\nis eager in its outlook for new opportunities of service. To\nsuch a waiting ear\u2014and, brethren, it is waiting\u2014come through the\nmissionary press the tidings of opportunity, the sound of doors,\nlong closed, creaking on their hinges as they fling open for the\nfeet of the delaying messengers of grace. This is the telephone\nwhich summons to instant response. It sounds in the counting-rooms\nof our men of business, and invites them to new investments in\nbehalf of those for whom God goes security, for \u201che that giveth\nto the poor lendeth to the Lord.\u201d It rings its summons in our\nTheological Seminaries and among our younger brethren in the\nministry, and calls them to occupy until He comes. It goes into the\noffices of the organizations through which the churches reach the\nneedy east and west, north and south, and says not pull down your\nbarns, but build greater ones; for, as are the broad farms of the\nWest to the old New England homesteads, so are the harvests to be\nreaped to those which have been already gathered in. It mixes in\nour homes, and calls on our sons and daughters to the waiting work.\n\nAnd neither we at home, nor those in the broad field, can afford to\nbe left unnoticed or uncalled. They need it that souls may be born\ninto the kingdom; we need it that we may by pure toil and sacrifice\ngrow unto the stature and the likeness of our risen Lord.\n\nThe Church of Christ will not know more of the advancement of His\nkingdom or of its hindrances than it is told. God will not save us\nthe trouble of the inquiry or the report. The Church of Christ will\nhave no more enthusiasm in the work than it gets by entering into\nsympathy with those who do it, and with Him who died that it might\ngo on.\n\nAnd yet, in the light of all this already trite and quite\nself-evident truth, you hear it said, even by those who are\nconcerned in the progress of the work, \u201cWhat are we going to\ndo with this increasing mass of missionary literature? We are\nquite flooded with it, and especially with these periodicals,\nthese Missionary Heralds, and Home Missionaries and American\nMissionaries. Can\u2019t we make it less? Can\u2019t we combine them and\ndouble the thing up? It bothers us.\u201d Ah, brethren, the wonder is\nthat we do not cry for more and better. The wonder is not that so\nmany take the missionary magazines, but so few, and that so few of\nthose who take them read them.\n\nBrethren, the time will come\u2014if the time comes when men seek first\nHis kingdom and His righteousness, not last\u2014that Christian men and\nwomen will not want to wait a month to glance over the few pages of\na missionary magazine; but will want to know the latest news of the\nadvancement of Christ\u2019s Kingdom in the morning before they look to\nsee the stock-list or the scandal-list of the day before. When the\nquestion of the morning will be what new progress, what new delays,\nwhat new need for the advancing hosts of Christian warriors; and\nat night the thought will be, the sun has gone to shine on other\nfields and other laborers, and while we sleep this work goes on.\nAnd in those days it shall go on with speed and sureness.\n\nLet our missionary literature then be not lessened in quantity\nor deteriorated in quality. Let not our agents think the time is\nlost in which they stop to tell us of the work. The growth of\nChrist\u2019s people at home is as important as the conquests of His\ngrace abroad, indeed, the last will be largely proportioned to the\nfirst. Let ingenuity and enterprise be put into these channels of\ncommunication. Let the facts be fresh and full\u2014more fresh and full\nthan ever. Let them be clothed in choice and skillful diction.\nLet us leave the arts which the satanic or the merely mundane\npress monopolize to their uses. Let us not grudge the cost. It is\nnot cost of administration at all. It is not cost of collection,\nthough it helps that department greatly. It is more than all the\nmissionary work of each society for the constituency that supports\nit. Our churches and our Christians here at home need it for their\nown vitalizing and the direction of their awakened energies. If\nour fires be not kept up at home the warmth will not be diffused.\nThese are days of organization. It used to be that if a man had\nlost his way in these then dark country roads some one must go out\nalone with his hand-lantern to guide him to safe shelter. Now your\nstreets are full of lamps, and your illuminated signs band them at\nevery corner. You may take all the care that is possible of the\nlamps and burners; it will do no good if you neglect to keep the\nfires up where the illuminating gas is made. If the fires go out\nthere the lights go out in every street and home. Do not let us ask\nthese organizations to lessen their efforts to inform, to quicken\nand to guide our missionary zeal at home, as though it were not an\nimportant part of their legitimate work.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nREPORT ON CHINESE WORK.\n\n\nThe report of your committee on the Chinese Department of the\nAmerican Missionary Association is as follows: The keynote of\nthe year\u2019s work is success. Four more schools, 256 more scholars\nenrolled, nine more teachers, with an increase of four Chinese\ninstructors. The number of those professing to forsake idolatry\nin excess of last year, 19. There have 121 given good evidence of\nconversion\u2014last year 106, making 400 who have embraced Christianity\nduring the history of the Mission. Only seven thousand dollars of\nthe nearly twelve thousand dollars expenses of the mission came out\nof the treasury of the Association. The number of local churches\ncontributing has doubled. The receipts of the \u201cCalifornia Chinese\nMission\u201d have gained 37 per cent. These gratifying facts inspire\nconfidence that this work in purpose and method is blessed of God.\nThey should beget a zeal commensurate with the hope they enkindle.\n\nThe new mission established by the American Board in Hong Kong\u2014the\nnatural fruit of this work\u2014places peculiar emphasis upon its\nvalue, as its initial demand came from Chinamen Christianized by\nits influence. The Rev. Mr. Hager goes to this important control\nnot only with the prayers of his American brethren behind him, but\nescorted over and welcomed by the devout supplications of specimen\nChinese converts. It is an omen of profound significance that four\nor five Chinese workers for Christ, trained in these schools,\ncontribute their invaluable services to the enterprise. It is\nequally suggestive that the Chinese Christians remaining behind\ncheerfully gave $500, adding to their faith, men, and to men,\nmoney, an evidence of the genuineness of their confidence. The past\nyear\u2019s experience alone demonstrates that most of the ingenious,\ninfamous charges made against this people are lies. So Providence\nhas opened a golden opportunity. The narrow and bigoted ignorance,\nlack of patriotism, lack of statesmanship, lack of humanity, lack\nof equitable dealing exhibited by our Government in its recent\nlegislation on the Chinese question have corraled 75,000 of them on\nthese shores. It is the open day for Christian privilege. Cannot\nthe majority of these be surrounded by our faith, wrought on by the\npower of Christianity, saturated by a genuine Christian life and\nmade the standing army for whom we shall send officers and soldiers\nto conquest the empire? If the teeming millions are appalling can\nwe not subdue this installment isolated by inscrutable wisdom for\nthis Christian experiment?\n\nWith such a present and pressing basis of appeal this work should\nhave abundant means to reach without delay the limit of its\ncapacity.\n\nIf there be not vital Christian warmth sufficient in the United\nStates to resuscitate this waif upon our coasts, how can we hope to\nrescue the myriad nation? It is floundering in the Arctic Ocean of\nheathenism.\n\nRespectfully Submitted,\n\n                                       W. A. BARTLETT, Chairman.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nADDRESS OF REV. WILLIAM ALVIN BARTLETT, D.D.\n\n\nAfter remarking that the Chinese question was little in some\naspects, as when fifty million people frantically rise to defend\nthemselves against a paltry handful of 75,000 Chinamen, Dr.\nBartlett continues: But there is a sense in which it is large. It\nis a large question to any man. We find, according to the best\naccounts, 430 odd millions of Chinamen. It is the largest question\nof statesmanship and of commerce to know how best to handle the\nlargest body of men who live together, and have lived together the\nlongest, on the planet, and that speak one language.\n\nBut if it is large commercially, what is it in a Christian point\nof view? We go here and there picking up the scraps and the\nscattered remnants of races, but look at this majestic aggregation\nof humanity; look at their tremendous history! It is the largest\nquestion to-day before the missionary Christianity of the world.\n\nWell, I am to say a word or two about the Chinese in America.\nHow did they come here? They came here on the invitation of the\nAmericans. California boasted at first of the grand people they\nwere to receive. But that soon changed, and they began a system\nof ingenious abuse, such as has never been equalled. Take the\nlaws passed by San Francisco\u2014the \u201cbasket\u201d law; the \u201ccubic foot of\nair\u201d law, under which, if a Chinaman was found living in a room\nwith less than 500 cubic feet of air, he was thrust into a prison\nwhere he would not have over 200 cubic feet of air; and the \u201ctax\u201d\nlaw, under which Chinamen were taxed for sending their children to\nschool and not permitted to send them. Every man in the street took\nthe license himself of breaking every law of God and of humanity\nby pounding and stoning them. Then, it was not enough for the\nmunicipality to seize this question, but the State took hold of it.\nThe Legislature of California settled all ethnological questions at\nonce. They passed a law and said, by majority, that the Chinaman\nwas an _Indian_! That settled it. Then the nation took hold of it\nand passed a law\u2014these great 50,000,000 of people against 75,000 of\npeople.\n\nSo the nation passed a law to keep the Chinamen out, violating all\nthe traditions of the country, and to import _the Chinese wall!_\nThey ceased importing the Chinamen and imported their wall\u2014a\nbarbaric, ramshackled old thing of a great many centuries. It was a\nkind of waistband to the Chinese Empire when it was young; but they\nburst it long ago and ran over it.\n\nThis infamy was carried to this extent. A committee was appointed\nby the United States Senate, and a corresponding committee from\nthe House, in 1876, to investigate this subject thoroughly. They\nexamined 130 witnesses. They took over 1,200 pages of evidence\nfrom experts in all departments in regard to Chinese history and\nethnology and everything else. They met them face to face and\ntalked it over. Senator Sargent, the chairman of the Committee,\nmade this statement in his report. He says, in the first place,\nthat the Chinaman is an \u201c_indigestible mass_.\u201d Well, that is not\nquite definite; a man hardly knows how to handle such a statement\nas that. It is a kind of mince-pie, I suppose, in the body politic.\nI think I shall leave that for the gastric juice to analyze. But\nhis next assertion is more practical. He says that the brain\ncapacity of the Chinaman is not sufficient to furnish motive power\nfor self-government; for all that, he has governed himself since\nthe time that Senator Sargent\u2019s ancestors, assuming him to be an\nAnglo-Saxon, were cautiously cracking acorns in Northern Europe and\nwearing bearskins! Mr. Pixley, a gentleman we sent to California\nfrom my part of the State of New York, a lawyer, and violently\nopposed to the Chinaman, says in his opinion before this Committee\nthat the Chinaman is the inferior of any being that God ever made;\nhe says that a specimen cannot be produced that has ever been\naffected in any particular by Christian influences, and that in\nhis (Pixley\u2019s) opinion the Chinaman hasn\u2019t any soul, or if he has\na soul it is not worth saving. Gentlemen, these things have been\nput into laws and organized before people of influence, and their\nanimus spent itself in that infamous legislation in Congress which\nabrogated a treaty without consultation and flew in the face of a\nhundred years of precedents.\n\nWhat is the fact? Why, the fact is that Chinamen are human beings.\nThey are _honest_ human beings as the rule goes. The word of a\nChinese merchant in California is taken everywhere. They are\n_industrious_ and _frugal_. Senator Cassidy said\u2014he was very much\nopposed to them\u2014in this book of testimony to which I have referred:\n\u201cThey are the most ingenious, industrious and frugal people on the\nplanet; and if they come into competition with us in low forms of\nindustry to-day, they will come in higher forms to-morrow.\u201d\n\nThere was an old philosopher who lived 500 years before Christ,\nConfucius by name, who wrote certain maxims; and it does seem as\nthough he was inspired to look ahead precisely at this treaty that\nthey passed at Washington, when he said, \u201cIt is an evidence of the\nsuperior man, of the great moral man, the true man, that he adheres\nstrictly to the old agreements, however long they may have stood.\u201d\nHe was asked if he could put into one word what would express the\nwhole duty of man, and he said, \u201cIs not that word '_reciprocity_'?\u201d\n(That was a \u201creciprocity\u201d treaty.) He says, \u201cWe should not ask\nanother to do unto us what we would not be willing to do unto him.\u201d\nAnd then he says, \u201cThe superior man has regard to virtue and to the\nsanctions of law; but the small man only thinks of himself and what\nfavors he is to receive.\u201d It looks like an inspired and animated\nriddling of this whole question as it stands to-day before the\nnation.\n\nOne of the largest land proprietors and wheat-growers in California\nsaid that the work could not be done without the Chinamen; they\nhave reclaimed two millions of acres.\n\nNow, mind you, with all the wrongs that the Chinese have received\non our shores, every little disturbance on the Chinese coast which\nhas ever occurred, or where a mission station has been sacked by a\nmob, we have collected and been paid every dollar of the damage;\nand the Chinese Government has paid nearly a million dollars to\nour Government for the wrongs perpetrated upon American people But\nthis Government has not paid a dollar to the Chinese. There is a\nclaim which the Chinese Embassy are now pressing on the Government,\nfor $40,000 that was destroyed in one night in Colorado; but the\nreply upon such claims usually is, \u201cWe have not been in the habit\nof paying such claims to Chinamen.\u201d Isn\u2019t that justice? Isn\u2019t that\npurity of legislation?\n\nThe Chinese are an _educated people_. They have vast libraries,\nlarge and broad, rich in literature. They have the lives of great\nmen. They know about our Washington: they teach about him in their\nschools. Do we know anything about their Washingtons\u2014about their\ngreat men who have guided the grandest nation, in some respects,\nthat history has given us any account of for nearly 3,000 years,\npossibly more? We know about Yung Wing, who graduated at Yale\nCollege, taking the prizes in English composition. We know the\nstanding of their students in our colleges generally. We know the\nfact that of the 75,000 Chinese in this country every one can\nread and write. In this country, according to the census before\nthe last, we had over 5,000,000 who could not read and write;\nso that there are hardly Chinamen enough in this country to be\nschoolmasters to those of our number who cannot read and write! Dr.\nHedge in Boston stated some years ago that, in a conversation with\nCharles Sumner, Sir John Bowring, the representative of Her Majesty\nat the Court of Pekin, said that when he was there the Chinese\nMinisters were the superiors of any European cabinet. Mr. Sumner\nreplied: \u201cI am astonished! You do not pretend to compare them with\nLord Palmerston, Lord Derby and Mr. Gladstone?\u201d Said he: \u201cI mean\nprecisely what I say, without any invidious comparison; I will add\nthat the Prime Minister of China, during my residence in Pekin, has\nnot, in my opinion, his intellectual superior upon the planet.\u201d\n\nThe Chinese are a _cleanly_ people, a _decent_ people. The Chinese\nlaborer washes himself all over every day. As a rule they can\ncome into our mission schools and sit beside our ladies with\nperfect propriety. When I was preaching in Indianapolis we had\nevery Chinaman in the city in our schools. They are not a clannish\npeople; they are glad for American society.\n\nThey have crimes and vices. They are human. They lie and steal,\nand gamble, and have their peculiar method of getting intoxicated\nwith opium. But I don\u2019t know as it ever has been proven that they\ncan carry on lying to such a magnificent extent as we do in an\nordinary political campaign, and they have never risen to the\nrefined plundering of Wall street. They say they take opium, and\nyou know how they took it\u2014they took it at the cannon\u2019s mouth at\nfirst. England must make 400 per cent. profit in the poppy fields\nof India. It was shocking to them to the utmost; and their torment\nhas gone on ever since in homes that were never addicted to any\ncrazier drug than tea and knew nothing of a hell so orthodox\nas the delirium tremens. The Emperor petitioned England, in a\ndocument which I think has not its equal in all the documents of\nGovernments, not to set fire to the morals of his people by loading\nthem with their accursed opium. But they did.\n\nThe Chinese worship their ancestors. Well, if I had to choose the\nleast of two improprieties, I think I would prefer to pay a very\nhearty and cordial appreciation of my grandfather rather than to\ncurse my children with such doctrines as have been proposed toward\nthe Chinese. It is better, I think, to worship your ancestors than\nto damn your posterity.\n\nBut the Chinese have noble qualities. In the days of the yellow\nfever at Memphis I was near it. We almost felt the hot breath of\nthat dreadful pestilence. We needed money and men; and there came a\ntelegram from San Francisco that the Chinese merchants of that city\nhad contributed $12,000 for the yellow fever sufferers. That looked\nlike putting the prayer of Christ upon the cross into physical\nresults: \u201cLord, forgive them, for they know not what they do.\u201d\n\nWe know the Chinese philosophy, the height of their morality; we\nknow the purity of Confucius\u2019 recommendations and the wondrous\nstatement of Lotse that we should love our enemies; and we know\nthat the highest crest waves of this Chinese morality throw spray\naround the feet of Jesus. I have stood this summer in the far West.\nI have stood where you can test civilization. There in Seattle\nstood a university on our right hand, and on it the Indian words\n_Al-Ki_\u2014by and by\u2014the motto of the Territory\u2014\u201cBy and by we will\nshow you.\u201d Brethren, I am not given to nightmares nor to day\ndragons, but it did seem to me as we stood there and looked out\nupon that majestic sheet of water, Puget Sound, being nearer in\nthe centre of the majority of the population in the planet than\nwe are here, that the day would come, with that matchless harbor,\nthat wonderful climate, with coal and iron in the vicinity, with\nall cereals and fruits possible, when the throne of power would\nbe transferred from the Atlantic to the Pacific coast, and when\nthe argosies of the world would float without any bar, either in\nPuget Sound or in the cities around it, and ride there at peace\nin the security of a gospelized and millennialized age. It can\nonly be done by our appreciation of the necessity of keeping our\nChristianity clean and solid and aggressive, and on the old basis\nof sin and salvation through a crucified Redeemer.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nREPORT OF COMMITTEE ON INDIAN MISSIONS.\n\n\nYour Committee, to whom has been referred that part of the annual\nstatement of the Executive Committee which relates to the American\nIndians, desire to report as follows:\n\nThe chief event of the year, in the Indian department, is the\nadoption by this Association of the Indian Missions of the American\nBoard. Your Committee look upon this as an event of conspicuous\nimportance in the history of the Association. As long ago as 1872,\nat the annual meeting of that year, the Committees on the Indian\nand the foreign work suggested a double transfer\u2014namely, the\ntransfer of the foreign missions of the Association to the American\nBoard, and the transfer of the Indian missions of the Board to\nthis Association. The propriety of such an exchange has seemed\nobvious to many patrons of the two societies for some time. However\nsatisfactory the explanation of the existing condition of things\nafforded by the historical development of the two organizations,\nit was plain that the time had come for such a unifying and\nconcentrating of the work of this Association as would result from\nleaving the foreign field to others, and assuming the care of those\nmissions in our own country which our foreign missionary society\nhad so well established.\n\nThese missions are among the Dakotas, one of the most widely\nextended and important of the American Indian stocks. The largest\nof these missions\u2014that at the Sisseton agency, formerly under the\ncare of the lamented Stephen R. Riggs\u2014has chosen for its new mother\nnot our Association, but another missionary board, by which it\nwill doubtless be thoroughly cared for and warmly cherished. The\nmissions which actually come under our care constitute an important\ngroup of churches and schools, and should be received with a hearty\nwelcome by an Association with such antecedents as this. The new\ntrust committed to us calls for new purpose and energy in our\nspecific work.\n\nWe find that these Dakota missions are not dead or dying, but\nthoroughly alive. And because they are thoroughly alive they need\nvery real help. The men in charge of them are men awake to their\nopportunities, believers in a forward movement, and in whatever\nlegitimate experiments may be involved therein. We feel that in\nall such experiments they should have the ready co-operation of\nthe Christian Church. We therefore heartily endorse the Executive\nCommittee in their plans for enlargement in the Dakota field\u2014for\nimprovements in the mission property and in methods of work, where\nthey are called for, and the establishment of new missions in\nplaces which promise success.\n\nOne project, your Committee believe, deserves to be regarded\nwith special favor, the establishment of a school\u2014agricultural,\nmechanical and normal\u2014at Fort Sully. The Executive Committee have\nsecured a delightful site for such a school, and they know the\nman to take charge of it. What is wanted is money to furnish the\nproper financial basis, and we can scarcely doubt that this will\nbe forth-coming. The industrial school method of missionary work\nhas already been thoroughly tested at the east\u2014in Hampton and\nCarlisle\u2014and the verdict is altogether favorable. There is good\nreason to believe that the adoption of the same method among the\nIndians themselves would result in real benefit. Let the work of\ninstruction, in all its interesting details, be carried on where\nthe red man can see it, and it will surely make its impression upon\nhim. At all events, we have in favor of this view the opinions of\nmen who may be looked upon as experts in this matter.\n\nIn adopting as its aim these Dakota missions, and thus enlarging\nits strictly missionary work among the American Indians, the\nAmerican Missionary Association gives its approval anew to the\nattempt, now so long continued, to Christianize the red men. There\nare those who scoff at the idea of such a work; but history\u2014not\nto say the Gospel\u2014teaches us better. No race of men has yet been\ndiscovered so low that it cannot be reached and moved by the\nreligion of the Crucified, and the American Indians are certainly\nno exception. The Indians as a whole are by no means the lowest\nor the least susceptible; and the results on record are far from\ninsignificant. God has blessed the efforts of his church in their\nbehalf throughout the past two hundred years, and we know he will\ncontinue to bless them. Respectfully submitted.\n\n                                       JOSEPH ANDERSON, Chairman.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nADDRESS OF REV. DR. ANDERSON.\n\n\nWhen the question arose in my mind in what line to follow up this\nbrief report, it seemed to me that the subject of Indian wrongs and\nIndian rights had been sufficiently discussed for the present in\nthis Association and elsewhere, and that it might be of advantage\nfor us to look for a little while in another direction.\n\nThere are few, I suppose, who are aware of the largeness of this\nwork as carried on upon our continent, few who appreciate the\namount of real labor and real suffering, I may say, endured in this\ndirection. In order to a correct estimate, it seems to me that\nwe ought not to lose sight of, but rather we ought to recognize,\nthe work which has been done by our Roman Catholic friends. They\nbegan as long ago as 1611, and from that date onward until 1832, at\nleast, they carried on an extended work among the American Indians\nupon eight or ten different and important fields. I find, by\nlooking over their lists, that 170 men gave themselves to the work\nof saving the Indian from barbarism and elevating him to a higher\nand Christian level during this period.\n\nThen, in order to a correct appreciation of this work, we must\nremember also what our beloved friends, the Moravians, have\ndone\u2014not only what they did in Greenland, not only what they did\nin the West Indies, but what they did within the bounds of our\nown nation, especially in Pennsylvania and farther west. And so,\ntoo, we must recognize the work done by the Episcopalians and the\nMethodists and the Presbyterians, who, through a long series of\nyears and in varied fields, have been laboring for the conversion\nof the American Indian.\n\nBut in none of these fields has a more satisfactory work been\ndone than that which has been done in this America of ours by the\nCongregational churches and the men whom they have sent out. The\nmissionary work among the American Indians began with the founding\nof the church in New England\u2014began under the molding hand of John\nElliot in Massachusetts. A hundred years later than the day when\nElliot began that work another figure arose upon the stage of\nhistory: David Brainerd, the humble, quiet young man, who gave\nhimself for Christ and for the beloved Indians, and labored and\nsuffered even unto death. And then, when we come down to 1813 or\nthereabouts, we find the American Board, newly organized, turning\nits attention to the Indians in the South and Southwest. In the\nrecord of their early work we have such names as Cyrus Kingsbury\nand Byington and Father Gleason, and in the far West Williamson and\nRiggs, our lamented brethren to whom reference has already been\nmade, and many others, some of whom are still with us, including\nour excellent brother and my fellow committeeman Rev. Cushing Eells.\n\nHere we have a list of heroes doing their work quietly, silently,\npatiently, yet a work deserving to be called heroic, as much so as\nthat which has been done on the islands of the sea and on the other\nside of the globe\u2014a work in which noble men and women have taken\npart. What is the result? Here is the good seed sewing. What kind\nof a harvest has been gathered? There are those who think\u2014perhaps\nit is the common impression\u2014that the results of Indian missions\nhave been meagre and of little value at the best; but let us\nconsider. It seems to me that in any such calculation some account\nshould be made of what may be called the reciprocal effect produced\nin the lives of the missionaries themselves and of the churches\nsending them forth. I observe that Dr. Shay, author of the History\nof Catholic Missions in America, referring to the extinction of the\nSpanish missions in the southern part of our country, says that\neven if they have become extinct and if there are no results that\nwe can trace to-day, that does not count for their condemnation\nany more than the disappearance of the works of art produced so\nlong ago by Apelles and Zeuxis is to the condemnation of those\nworkers. He might have gone farther and called attention to the\neffect produced upon the artists themselves by their contributions\nto ancient art, the effect produced upon the artist anywhere by the\nwork that he does in his own field, the effect produced upon the\nreformer by the work of reform which he accomplishes, the results\nproduced in the lives of missionaries who constitute so large a\ncompany in our church from their labors, their sufferings and their\nsorrows.\n\nI noticed in a past number of the AMERICAN MISSIONARY published\nduring the present year that a cut had been reproduced representing\na group of Indians watching a railroad train\u2014an impressive\npicture; and it suggested to me that our aim should be to bring\nthese Indians of the West where they shall not stand suspiciously\nwatching a railroad train, the emblem of advancing civilization,\nbut where they shall co-operate with us and appreciate the railroad\ntrain and make it theirs. We want them to adopt as rapidly as\npossible all the appliances of our civilization, and above all we\nwant them to accept the Lord Jesus Christ.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nADDRESS OF REV. J. C. PRICE.\n\n\nOn the 1st of January, 1863, the negro was like a newly-built ship\nlaunched upon the waters without mast, sail or rudder. Pleased\nwith liberty, he thought his happiness complete; but a few months\u2019\nexperience taught him better. When the ballot was denied, when he\ncould not\u2014nay, more, when he cannot\u2014claim as a right or privilege\nthe comforts of travel; when deeply-rooted prejudice on account\nof his color and previous condition of servitude confronted him\nat every turn, he soon found that he had not reached the full\nstature of an American citizen, but was still in his infancy.\nAnd the question that presents itself to your minds, and to the\nfriends of the negro and to ours, the orphaned recipients of your\ngenerosity, is, Has the negro grown any? has he made any noticeable\nadvancement? Or is he where freedom found him and where slavery\nleft him? January, 1863, found the negro penniless, ignorant, a\nhomeless wanderer, his chief object to be in General Sherman\u2019s\narmy, or if not in it, in the wake of it; but he is now settled,\nfixed, and by industry and by perseverance he has purchased homes,\nand he and his children, through the generous aid of friends, have\nreceived some education. The land that he once sowed in slavish\nfear and reaped with trembling, he now sows in joy and gathers with\nthe gladsome shout of a free and jubilant harvester. In fact, the\nmaterial, as well as the intellectual and moral progress of the\nnegro has surprised his best friends. He has gone forth without\npossessing the tattered garments that he wore, without a foot of\nsoil on which to tread, and he has purchased those homes. And not\nonly has he purchased them, but he has carried into them those\nthings which make home what it is\u2014the comforts of home. It is\nnothing strange to go into a Southern home and see a carpet on\nthe floor. If it is not on all of it, it will be a big piece in\nthe middle. And if you don\u2019t find it all the way up-stairs, you\nwill find a little as you step on the first step. That shows a\ndisposition to do something that is elevating. And then the fact\nthat they have purchased these homes is something. I have seen it\nrepeated in the newspapers of the North\u2014and I regret to say by men\nwho do not know the negro\u2014that he is a lazy, shiftless fellow.\nWell, they do not go down South, as we term it, and go into the\nnegroes\u2019 houses. They do not go into his colleges and universities\nand high schools, but they ride around by the station, they see a\nfew at the depot\u2014a lot of lazy negroes, as you find a lot of lazy\nwhite men under similar circumstances. They judge us unfairly. No\nman is judged by the worst, but by the best. Did you want Lord\nChief Justice Coleridge to form an opinion of America by the men\nthat he met by accident or saw in the slums of New York\u2014\u201clazy\u201d\nmen, that he saw lounging around the corners of the streets? No;\nyou wanted him to judge you by your best, and you put your best\nforward. Now, what we ask for the negro is that he be judged by his\nbest and not by his worst. Of course, the best is always in the\nminority, but that is the way we are judged. If these same men were\nto go into the South and go into the negroes\u2019 homes, they would\nfind there very often excellent comfort. Some one has asked whether\nthe negro has any of this race prejudice in him. No; he will give\nyou the best bed and the fattest pig and the best chicken he has\ngot in the yard. There is no prejudice there. And then, not only\nthese things, but you find in many of their houses instruments of\nmusic\u2014some with an organ, some with a piano; and you can find young\ngirls there who can play on both, and if you want a little singing\nthey can do that too. Negroes can sing as well as my friends the\nChinamen. These things, too, are not only found in the cities but\nin the country places and villages.\n\nThe negro has done all this, notwithstanding that he has lost\nmillions\u2014yes, the negro has been defrauded of millions, yet he\nhas accumulated millions, and in many instances he has become the\nowner of the farms and plantations of his former master. It was no\nlonger than two or three years ago that the papers told us that\nthe farm of Mr. Jefferson Davis rightly belonged not to him, but\nto two negroes, they having paid $200,000 for it. And these are\nbut examples. You go through the South and you find negroes owning\nfarms of 100 or 200 acres each; and I know of one man who owns 900\nacres, all of which he has bought since the war. We have gone forth\nto the earth, and with the horny hands of toil we have made the\nearth to answer to our appeals; and these have been the results.\nWhy, in Georgia alone there are more than 85,000 colored voters\nwho own 500,000 acres of land valued at about $1,244,000, besides\ncity property valued at $2,100,000, horses and mules, etc., valued\nat, $2,000,000, making an aggregate for Georgia alone of more than\n$6,000,000, which the colored people in that State now own.\n\nBut why should I enumerate? In fact, the negro has made the\nwaste places of the South to blossom as the rose. He has built\nits railroads, dug its canals, erected its mansions, makes its\ncarriages and buggies, and in 1878 produced for the American people\nmore than $250,000,000. In the face of these evidences, who would\ndare question his industry, stigmatize him as \u201clazy,\u201d and ridicule\nhis unskilled labor?\n\nBut these are but the beginnings\u2014the gray streaks of dawn ushering\nin a brighter day for this toiling and long-oppressed son of Ham.\nWe are often reminded of what the negro was in ancient days,\nespecially in Northern Africa; but to-day we are forced to see what\nhe is in America, notwithstanding its prejudices and its political\noppression and persecution; we are forced to look at him rising in\nhis incomparable glory, the anomaly of the race and the wonder of\nmankind.\n\nBut there is another feature. The negro\u2019s highest powers and\nworthiest capabilities are not all shown in the development of\nsterile marshes or barren highlands. If slavery brought out his\npower of endurance, his patience and his unparalleled fidelity,\nfreedom called forth his intellectual ability and causes the world\nto wonder at his rapid attainments. But this angel in him long\nago would have sought his native heaven, but slavery clipped his\nwings, forbade his flight, and confined him to corn hills, cotton\nrows, rice marshes and pine forests. But his wings are growing\nagain, and already he lifts himself somewhat from the earth. But\nyou say, \u201cAre there any signs of his educational progress?\u201d I\nmight answer by pointing to distinguished colored men who fill\npositions of responsibility and emolument in this country. But\nnot only are there men who are educated among us, but there are\nalso schools of high grade whose portals are anxiously crowded\nby young men and women thirsting for knowledge. I have taken one\nState as an example of our material progress; let another show our\nintellectual advancement. In 1861 there was not a school in North\nCarolina to which persons of color were admitted. But to-day, in\naddition to her common schools, she has Shaw University, Biddle\nUniversity, St. Augustine Normal School, four State Normal Schools,\nEsther Seminary, Scotia Seminary, Bennett Seminary, and the Zion\nWesleyan Institute\u2014institutions of high grade; these have in them\nto-day an aggregate of 2,000 young men and women preparing for the\ngreat work of uplifting their brethren, and every summer they go\nforth throughout North Carolina and other Southern States doing\nwhat they can for the improvement of their fellows. Besides this,\nwe have in North Carolina from twelve to fifteen newspapers,\nweeklies, semi-weeklies and monthlies, edited, owned and controlled\nby colored men. The negro has done something, and we consider it\nsomething\u2014something that we are proud of, especially when we think\nof the manner in which it has been done.\n\nBut, notwithstanding this favorable aspect of the condition of\nthe people as seen in these two States, we are forced to ask the\nquestion\u2014in fact it comes to us as we travel among the people\u2014what\nis our material progress in Georgia, what is North Carolina\u2019s\neducational outlook, when we consider the masses of the people\nthrough the South? They are but a drop in the bucket. If you could\ntravel through that section and view the condition of the people\naway off in the remote towns and districts, you would say so,\nespecially when you remember that the population has increased to\nalmost double its original number. Since 1863 the 4,000,000 have\ngrown to nearly 7,000,000. It is nothing strange to see the need\nof instruction among the people, even among the ministry. It is my\ntheory that we must get the ministry straight first; and when we\nhave an intelligent ministry before the people, then we will soon\nhave an intelligent people. \u201cLike priest\u201d _always_ \u201clike people\u201d.\n\nIt was truly said by President Tobey at the meeting of the A. M. A.\nin Chicago that the presence of the negro in the United States is\nof great significance, that the enthusiasms of political life in\nour nation have resulted from his presence, and that he has been\nthe occasion of the most exhaustive discussion of the rights of\nman and the formation of a new political party and is now the most\nconsiderable element in our politics. That is true; but that is\ntelling us our disease without a cure. What is the remedy? That is\nwhat you are here for to-night; that is what you have bean turning\nover in your minds ever since you assembled. What is the remedy for\nthese existing political and social evils among us? We think it was\nprecisely set forth by the Secretary of the Association at that\nsame meeting when he said, \u201cThe true remedy for the existing evils\nis not to change the negro\u2019s color or his party, but to change his\n_character_,\u201d and that is what we ask.\n\nLegislation cannot solve the negro problem in this country. The\nthirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth amendments, the Civil Rights\nBill and the Constitution itself cannot solve the negro problem.\nWe must go behind the Constitution, behind the amendments; we must\ngo to the public sentiment. What effect has a law if there is not\na public sentiment to back it up? We have had the Civil Rights\nBill for several years, but what did it amount to in some sections\nof the country? It amounted to nothing, because there was not a\npublic sentiment to sustain it. And it seems to me that we want to\neducate the public sentiment and it is evident that the solution\nof this great vexing problem can only come through the gradual and\nthorough development of the negro\u2019s mental and moral nature. I say\n_thorough_, because some men think that the negro need have only an\nelementary training, that he is not prepared for a higher training.\nWhy is he not? If it has taken centuries of culture, with the best\nmasters and the best teachers, to uplift the white race, why is it\nnot necessary to uplift the black race? God has made of one blood\nall nations of men that dwell upon the face of the earth; and we\nbelieve that there are only individual and not race distinctions as\nto their mental and moral capabilities. Therefore, what one race\nrequires another race requires; and we feel assured that, when this\nhas been done, the millions of minds, both in this country and\nin Africa, that are now rough and unshapen as the rock from the\nquarry, will begin to show signs of symmetry under the constant\nhammer and steady chisel of competent workmen.\n\nThen, and not till then, the negro\u2019s sun of progress and\nprosperity, whose earliest rays already gladden his eastern\nhorizon, will rise and climb the firmament of his glory until it\nreaches its zenith, and from that zenith it will shed forth a light\nthat all the nations of the earth shall behold, whose heat shall\nmelt away all prejudice, in whose light all indignities and all\ninhumanities shall vanish; and all these nations, in one united,\nharmonious voice, shall cry aloud, \u201cEthiopia, Ethopia has indeed\nand in truth stretched forth her hands unto God.\u201d\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nCASTE IN AMERICA.\n\nBY SECRETARY STRIEBY.\n\n\nIndia has four castes, America two. The Hindoo castes are the\npriest, soldier, merchant and laborer or Soodra. The last is the\nlargest and lowest and bears the weight of all the upper classes,\nwhom it is born to serve and by whom it is despised. The highest\ncaste may come down to the employments of the soldier or merchant,\nbut not to those of the Soodra, but, according to Hindoo orthodoxy,\nthe Soodra can as little enter a higher caste as a stone can become\na plant.\n\nAmerica\u2019s two castes are simply the white and the colored races.\nThe latter are the Soodras, and in the orthodox theology of slavery\nthey were born to serve the whites. But while that high orthodoxy\nsuffered a rude shock in the Proclamation of Emancipation, caste\ncomes in to save it from utter overthrow, and has fixed a great\ngulf between the races, so that especially \u201cthey cannot pass to us\nthat would come from thence.\u201d\n\nThis proscription of the colored races includes the Indian and the\nChinaman, but for the sake of simplicity of presentation I shall\nrefer mainly to the most numerous race in this country\u2014the Negro.\n\nBy caste prejudice they are denied fellowship which Christ\nenjoins\u2014rights which the Constitution grants, access to trades,\nprofessions and schools where they could compete with the whites.\n\nCaste is a worse sin in America than in India. In practicing it the\nHindoo obeys his gods and his veda; the American dishonors his God\nand disobeys his Bible. The Hindoo is a heathen and is degraded\nby caste; the American sends missionaries to convert him and to\ndenounce his caste, and yet sustains caste at home. The Hindoo is\nconsistent in denying equal rights to all men; the American boasts\nthat God made of one blood all nations, and that all men are free\nand equal, and yet tolerates caste.\n\nIn sustaining caste the American perpetuates the inconsistency and\nshame of slavery. No greater inconsistency was ever shown than in\nholding slaves in America after the Declaration of Independence;\nand no greater shame than in the zealous defense of slavery by the\npress, the pulpit and the theological seminaries\u2014at the imperious\nbidding of the slaveholder. Caste is the tap root of slavery,\nand the defense of it is a repetition\u2014nay, an aggravation\u2014of the\napologies formerly made for slavery. Men will live to be ashamed of\nthis defense.\n\nCaste is a curse to America.\n\nIt injures those who cherish it. Caste-prejudice is a sin. All\nprejudice is narrow, born of ignorance and hate. Caste-prejudice,\ntherefore, by narrowing the mind and embittering the heart, harms\nthe American citizen both as a man and a Christian. It hinders the\nprogress of its victims. The slaves are emancipated\u2014their continued\ndegradation is the nation\u2019s danger, their elevation the nation\u2019s\nhope, and yet caste shuts up the avenues of trades, professions,\nschools and churches, through which alone they can escape from\nignorance and degradation. If they rise it must be in spite of all\nthe obstacles that caste can throw in their way.\n\nIt creates race antagonisms. The foreign immigration into this\ncountry creates no antagonisms. It flows into the great river of\nAmerican life like brooklets, bringing down often their turbid\nwaters, but these are soon mingled and purified in the mightier\nstream. But caste renders the colored races an opposing tide now\nindeed overflowed and borne under, yet resisting their fate. That\nthey are overborne is seen in the nullifying of their vote in the\nSouth and in denying them access to the rights, immunities and\nprivileges of the dominant class. But they are neither silent nor\nsubmissive. We know how prompt and deadly is the resentment of the\nIndian; the negro and the Chinaman are more quiet, but they resist\nas best they can and await the time, in the conflict of tides, when\ntheir volume and momentum will give them the preponderance.\n\nNor is that awaiting vain, nor that time distant, in view of the\nastonishingly rapid increase of the colored population\u2014an increase\nof over 500 per day\u2014an increase of 35 per cent. in ten years,\nas against 28 per cent. in the white population of the South.\nIt is easy to estimate in how few years the colored population\nwill equal the whites, and it is easy to see that, as this growth\ngoes on and long before the equal numbers are reached, the sense\nof growing strength and of continued wrong will stimulate the\nnegative resistance of the present to the determined hostility\nof the future; and when that race conflict comes, what human ken\ncan foretell the issue? But we may be sure that when it comes the\nNorth, the whole nation, can no more keep out of it than it could\nkeep out of the dreadful conflict with slavery, out of which this\nimpending struggle grows.\n\nSpecial significance is given to all this by the recent decision\nof the Supreme Court of the United States pronouncing the Civil\nRights Bill unconstitutional. This takes from the colored man the\nlast shadow of legal protection to rights which he, and all men for\nthemselves, consider essential to their manhood, and will stimulate\nhim to more determined resistance unless the conscience and good\nsense of the white races shall speedily end this needless, yet\ndangerous conflict.\n\nThis leads me to ask: Is there a remedy for all this, and what is\nit? Not in dragging the white man down, but in lifting the colored\nman up. Both races must co\u00f6perate. The white man must let down the\nladder; the black man must climb. The white man must open the door\nof the shop, and the black man must go in and do as good work as\nthe white man can. The white man must open the school house and\nthe black man must go in and become as good a scholar as the white\nman is. The black man can never attain positions and honors by\ndemanding them simply because he is a black man; he must fairly\nwin them by being worthy of them. The white man cannot maintain\nhis superiority by denying the black man the chance of becoming\nhis equal. He cannot hold it by force. Slavery for a time enabled\nhim to do so, for then he had superior numbers and the aid of the\nGovernment, but he has no longer that aid and he cannot always have\nthe weight of superior numbers. The white man must give the chance,\nand the black man must take it and win his position.\n\nBut the white man is not ready to give the chance\u2014in other words,\nsurrender the vantage ground his color gives him. Here is a call\nfor an appeal to conscience. The subject must be discussed, North\nand South, among white and black alike. As the anti-slavery reform\narose not out of the stagnant waters of indifference, but out\nof the dashing stream of healthful agitation, so must the caste\nreform be brought about. That discussion has begun in earnest,\nand will not cease till caste be sent to that bourne to which\nslavery, its ancestor, has gone and whence it shall never return.\nBut discussion must take shape; the Church must cease to sustain\ncaste. The time was when men were afraid to oppose slavery because\nit would hinder the spread of their churches in the South. They\nurged: \u201cWhy endanger the growth of our denomination by joining\nin this useless clamor against slavery?\u201d But the time came when\nthese same persons decided that it was more important to destroy\nslavery than multiply churches that sustained slavery. Missionary\nsocieties abandoned their churches in the South, and the great\nnational churches allowed themselves to be rent in twain rather\nthan uphold slavery. Only such an attitude against caste will\navail anything. When the North feels that ten churches or schools\nthat stand unequivocally against caste are more important than a\nthousand churches or schools that sustain caste, then we shall see\nthe beginning of the end.\n\nBut the colored people themselves must be educated out of caste.\nStrange as it may seem, some of them are its abettors, and,\nstranger still, they are so religiously. As men, they repudiate\nit; as Christians, they sustain it. They prefer separation mainly,\nperhaps, because they think the whites would not welcome them.\nOther reasons may be given. Some of the members love excitement\nin their worship, and this they can enjoy better if no whites are\npresent; the leaders can be bishops and rulers among their own\npeople, but, if joined to the whites, these honors are denied, or,\nat least, unequally divided. Why is it that religion is compelled\nto shield some of the greatest wrongs on earth? Albert Barnes said,\nlong before slavery was abolished: \u201cThere is no power _out_ of the\nChurch that could sustain slavery an hour, if it were not sustained\n_in_ it.\u201d Must sinful and harmful caste, the baleful progeny of\nslavery, find its bulwark in the Church\u2014nay, in some of the colored\nchurches themselves?\n\nBut this wish or willingness of these churches for separation is\ngravely made use of by many most excellent people as a reason for\nceasing to make war against caste. It is said triumphantly: \u201cSee\nhow the colored people, welcomed to Dr. Goodell\u2019s or Dr. Rankin\u2019s\nchurches, prefer churches of their own.\u201d Does their abetting\ncaste help to destroy it? Did the wish of the Israelites in the\nwilderness to return to Egypt help them on to Canaan? If the\nslaves in this country were ever content to remain slaves, as was\nsometimes alleged, that was all the greater evidence of the curse\nof slavery. If the Soodra consents to remain a Soodra, all the more\ndoes he need the breaking of his bondage that he may become a man.\nAnd so, if the colored people consent to caste separation, all the\nmore do they need emancipation from the bondage of caste.\n\nIn this point of view the action of some of the large religious\nbodies North and South in consenting to a separation on the color\nline is riveting the chains of caste on the colored people, and\nsustaining caste-prejudice in the hearts of the white race; and\nit is seriously questioned by many considerate persons whether\nthe presence of two Congregational Missionary Societies in the\nSouth, the one working mainly for the whites, and the other side by\nside, mainly for the blacks, will not, with all explanations, be\nconstrued into a sanction of caste. The question is fairly before\nthe churches, and should be met in a frank and Christian way.\n\nThe presence with us to-day of a committee appointed by the\nAmerican Home Missionary Society to confer on this very subject\nrenders its consideration by this meeting a matter of comity and\nof Christian duty, and to aid in its intelligent and harmonious\nsettlement I beg leave to contribute some facts and considerations.\n\nThe A. M. A. was organized when the great missionary societies,\nhome and foreign, aided churches in the South that received\nslaveholders as members. It was formed not as an anti-slavery\nsociety, nor merely as a formal protest against slavery, but as\naffording a channel through which anti-slavery Christians might\ncarry forward missions without complicity with slavery. Hence it\nestablished missions in foreign lands and among the Indians, and\nalso home missions in the West.\n\nBut in the progress of the anti-slavery movement the large\nmissionary societies withdrew their aid from slaveholding\nchurches, and soon thereafter came the opening for the great work\nto be done for the freedmen. The Association was believed to be\nprovidentially prepared to undertake this work, and hence it gave\nup its home missions in the West and among the Indians and entered\nwith alacrity into this new field.\n\nThe territory it occupied was the whole South, its schools being\nlocated in every Southern State. But gradually it withdrew from\nDelaware, Maryland, and unwisely, as I then thought, and now think,\nfrom Florida. At the West it organized a few churches in Kansas,\nwhich, however, it at length turned over to the American Home\nMissionary Society, only resuming limited efforts there when the\ngreat exodus of colored people thither took place. In Missouri it\nnever attempted much in church planting. It found that the Home\nMissionary Society that had done so grand a work from the Atlantic\nto the Pacific, rearing its monuments of light and piety along\nthe whole line of its march, had entered Missouri so effectually\nthat there was no more call for the Association in those parts,\nand hence that state was soon and cheerfully surrendered to the\noccupancy of that Society. In Texas the Association has established\none of its chartered institutions at Austin, the Tillotson\nCollegiate and Normal Institute; it was the earliest Congregational\nSociety to plant churches in the State; its churches there, though\nfew, are more in number than that of any other Congregational\nSociety, and two calls are pressing upon us now for the\norganization of new churches. Thus its field may be said to be the\n\u201cSolid South\u201d leaving out Delaware, Maryland, Missouri, Florida and\nthe new State of West Virginia. In this territory it has planted\nits large and permanent educational institutions; its 89 churches,\nunited in eight conferences, covering nearly the whole South.\n\nThe Association has been as much opposed to caste as to slavery,\nas its early publications abundantly show, and has ever refused to\naccept the limitation of a color line. Its schools and churches\nhave seemed to be almost wholly confined to the blacks, solely\nbecause it allowed them to enter at all. But it has not confined\nitself entirely to efforts for that race. It has founded schools\nand churches mainly white. The church in Jacksonville, Fla., was\norganized under its auspices. Its founders did not ask pecuniary\naid, but they did ask one of our District Secretaries to assist\nin the organization, which he did, and spent nearly a month with\nthem afterward, supplying the pulpit until a permanent pastor\ncould be obtained. In Kentucky, John G. Fee, its first missionary\nin the South, commissioned in 1848, formed white churches on an\nanti-slavery basis. The same was done by Daniel Worth in North\nCarolina. That church planting in Kentucky was followed by Berea\nCollege, the most conspicuous example in the South of an anti-caste\ninstitution, its pupils being in nearly equal numbers of both\nraces; and now more recently the example of Berea has been followed\nby a church and school in Williamsburg, Ky., and in Clover Bottom.\nOther openings of the same sort are presenting themselves in the\nsame region.\n\nThe only movement made by Congregationalists to found white\nchurches in the territory occupied by the Association was begun\nduring or soon after the war. At that time the work of the\nAssociation was in its infancy, and the broad and permanent\nfoundations which it has since laid were scarcely anticipated. On\nthe other hand, this new movement for white churches was mainly\nconfined to the largest cities and perhaps the thought of possible\ncompetition was not entertained. At all events the movement was not\nvery successful and was very nearly abandoned.\n\nWhatever general impressions may have existed at that early day\nas to the special work of the Association or whatever special\ndesignations may since have been used as to the classes for\nwhich it was mainly to labor, it never supposed that it was\nto be confined entirely to those classes; and certainly now,\nafter nearly twenty years of almost exclusive occupancy of the\nspecial territory to which it has confined itself, so far as\nCongregationalists are concerned, it may well be supposed to look\nwith some surprise upon a movement recently inaugurated to enter\nthat same territory with missionary efforts that practically places\nit on one side of a color line.\n\nAn agreement was made between the two societies when this question\ncame before them, which provides temporarily and tentatively\nagainst the repetition of any such interferences as that which\nstarted this discussion. Both societies have agreed not to enter\ninto any field occupied by the other without mutual consultation.\nBut this agreement provides no permanent basis for a settlement of\nthe question which field each society shall occupy. It only insures\nChristian co-operation and forbearance until a settlement be made.\nWhat that settlement shall be is for the constituency of our\nsocieties to determine, and to them we must leave it. The American\nBoard and the Association have made a harmonious arrangement of\ntheir respective fields of labor, and it is to be hoped that an\nadjustment equally satisfactory may be reached with the American\nHome Missionary Society.\n\nIn view of all this several questions ought to be considered.\n\n1. What is the field open before us among the white population of\nthe South?\n\nIt is not the extent of the territory, nor the number of millions\nof white people that are in the South, nor even the number that\nneed our school and Gospel advantages, but it is: _How many of them\ncan be reached by an anti-caste Gospel?_\n\nIt is not enough to say that we are to preach the Gospel, and if\npeople are converted the caste question will take care of itself.\nWell do I remember when that plea and policy were in vogue in\nregard to slavery. The Gospel was preached, churches were formed,\nand the denominations were happy in their enlargement. Slavery also\ndid take care of itself, and good care, too, for it found snug\nhomes in these very churches. And well do I remember when these\nsame denominations cast slavery away from them and the coveted\nchurches along with it!\n\nThe American churches cannot afford to repeat that experience in\nregard to caste. What was done then in comparative innocence,\nbecause done in ignorance, cannot now be done without great guilt\nin the light of that experience. We must remember that it is more\nimportant to destroy caste than to found churches that will sustain\ncaste. No work can be done by our churches among the white people\nof the South that will stand the test, that does not proceed on\nthe avowed and practical repudiation of caste; no school opened\nthat does not welcome the colored child; no church formed that\ndoes not present the open door, the open hand and the open heart\nto \u201cOur Brother in Black.\u201d There are Congregationalists in the\nSouth that are ready to welcome again the polity of New England\nand at the same time welcome among them the colored races, and\nthere are native Southerners ready for our schools and churches,\nand also ready to make no distinction on account of color, and to\nall such we ought to carry with joyful hearts and ready hands the\ninstitutions we so much cherish. But we ought not to enter upon the\neffort under a misapprehension. The number of openings for this\nkind of labor is not great.\n\n2. The question of two Congregational Societies on the Southern\nfield receives its greatest importance from its relation to\ncaste-prejudice. There are other difficulties. One of the saddest\nfeatures of the modern church extension at the West is the starting\nof two or more feeble churches of different denominations in\nsmall villages or among sparse populations, creating frictions\nand rivalries where harmony and Christian fellowship are so\nessential, and a waste of men and money where there is so much need\nof economy. This would be aggravated in the poorer and sparser\nsettlements of the South, and still more aggravated if the same\ndenomination should, by two of its own societies there, thus come\ninto rivalry with itself. In the one case two houses are arrayed\nagainst each other; in the other, a house is divided against\nitself. It is the same railroad company running parallel lines in\ncompetition with each other.\n\nBut all these considerations, grave as they are, are of small\nimportance when compared with the danger that the division of the\nlabors of two societies, running mainly along the color line,\nwould be construed as lending the sanction of the denomination to\ncaste separation. This is the gravamen of the difficulty. I am\nhappy to say that the two societies are equally committed against\ncaste, and will equally and honorably repudiate all intentional\nsanction of it. But the bare fact that one is avowedly working\nmainly for the whites and the other mainly for the blacks, will,\nin spite of all protests to the contrary, array them before the\npublic as separated only by the color line. It is not proper for\nme to speak for another society, but for my own I must speak. The\nAmerican Missionary Association was born an opponent of slavery.\nAmid poverty, sneers and reproach from the best of men, as well as\nthe worst of men, it pressed forward in its opposition till the\nglorious end came. It must oppose caste as it did slavery. It began\nits work among the freedmen as the avowed enemy of caste, and amid\nmuch misapprehension and reproach at the South, it has pressed\nonward until it has gained the respect of both races. That position\nit cannot, and it ought not to be asked to, surrender or jeopardize\nby being placed on one side of a line of separation in missionary\nlabors that has no reason for its existence except the colors of\nthe people to be benefited.\n\n3. If, in view of all the facts, it should be ultimately decided\nthat the Congregational churches should be represented at the South\nby one missionary society, the decision should be reached in the\nbroadest spirit of Christian wisdom and kindness.\n\nThe American Missionary Association is not eager to be pushed\nforward into the mission work among the whites, but it knows\nsomething of their needs, especially their need of deliverance\nfrom caste-prejudice that mars the symmetry of their piety and\nchills their hearts as slavery did, and that perpetuates a race\nantagonism that must be crushed before the South can be safe or\nprosperous. If the Association should be called to that work, it\nhas some experiences and facilities that would be helpful. Its past\nrecord would be a guaranty that it would not foster caste. It would\nhave no temptation to found schools and churches mainly white that\nshould be rivals of its schools and churches mainly colored, and\nit could have no reason to hesitate in establishing both, if both\nwere needed. It is not \u201chandicapped\u201d for this work except by its\nfirm and well-known attitude against caste, and any other society\nequally faithful on that subject would soon be equally handicapped.\nIts large planting of schools and churches, with a value of\nproperty of nearly a million of dollars, gives it a position and an\ninfluence that it would take any other society a long time and a\nlarge outlay of funds to acquire\u2014to say nothing of the facilities\nit thus possesses to extend its work among both races. It has a\nwide acquaintance with the Southern people, both white and colored,\nand has won for itself a large place in their confidence, by its\nquiet, unselfish and useful work for both. It has, moreover,\nalready done something in bringing the two races together in school\nand church, and for this reason it is fitted to be a bond of union\nand Christian fellowship between them.\n\nThis Association, standing on the ruins of slavery, and amid the\nschools and churches it has erected thereon for the benefit of the\ncolored race, and to some extent also for the white, would find it\nboth cognate and congenial to enlarge its work among the whites,\nboth the ignorant and the educated, carrying to them a gospel\nthat is not only uplifting and purifying, but that makes no caste\ndistinction in the school room or in the house of God.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nREPORT ON EDUCATIONAL WORK.\n\n\nThe Committee on the Educational Work of the A. M. A. would\nrespectfully report that they find the history of the past year\nhighly satisfactory and encouraging. It is a record of enlarged\naccommodations at several of the institutions. Stone Hall, at\nAtlanta, the fourth of the buildings erected by the munificence of\nMrs. Valeria G. Stone, has been completed. New buildings, or very\nconsiderable additions to former buildings, have been constructed\nat Midway, Macon, Talladega, Williamsburg, Hillsboro, Memphis and\nNew Orleans; yet from several quarters the call still comes for\nmore room.\n\nIt is a record of increased practical efficiency. Industrial\ntraining, which forms so important an adjunct of the work, has been\nmaking progress by workshops established at Macon and Memphis, and\narrangements for carpentry schools at Tougaloo and Atlanta; while\nfarming education and training in housekeeping go on at various\npoints as heretofore, supplemented at Memphis by instruction in\nnursing and hygiene; and Hampton continues to teach more vigorously\nthan ever a variety of handicrafts, such as printing, bookbinding,\niron and tin work, carpentry and wood turning, the manufacture of\nsash and doors, shoe and harness making, tailoring and farming.\nAll this is, for the present, a very essential element of the\neducational work.\n\nIt is a record of some degree of expansion, although the main\naspect is rather one of consolidation and elevation. The number of\nteachers has increased by twenty-eight and the number of common\nschools by four; the number of pupils being but slightly greater\nthan last year. The grade of these institutions is steadily\nadvancing. Among these pupils are found, we are happy to say,\nninety theological students\u2014twelve more than were reported last\nyear. The three Teachers\u2019 Institutes, held in as many States, may\nprove to be the entering wedge of another great instrument of\npower and quickening influence. The crowded halls and interested\naudiences of the anniversaries of so many of our Institutions are\na striking manifestation of genuine progress. When we remember\nthat the oldest of these institutions has seen but a quarter of a\ncentury, and practically but twenty years of life time, and that\nnow we rejoice in eight chartered institutions, comparatively\nstrong and effective, twelve high and normal schools and forty-two\ncommon schools, with 279 teachers doing their soul-expanding work,\nwe may well say \u201cWhat hath God wrought.\u201d Far as it falls short of\nour desire and our duty, so far and more also does it exceed the\nboldest reasonable expectations of the dark and cloudy time of the\nbeginning.\n\nBut far the most satisfactory statement of the annual report is\nits record of the religious spirit which guides, controls and\npervades this whole educational movement. The information that at\nseven out of eight of the chartered institutions \u201cspecial religious\ninterest has been manifest, adding scores and scores of these\nscholars to the number of the disciples of Christ,\u201d and that, \u201cas\nyet, but very few have been graduated from our various courses of\nstudy who had not become Christians,\u201d is a record of the crowning\nmercy of God. So may it ever be. The heart and conscience must be\nquickened with the intellect or there is no good hope for that\nrace, or for any other race. It must be _Christian_ education. The\nschool and the Church must move on together at the South as they\nstarted together from Plymouth Rock, and they must extend, as far\nas possible\u2014certainly must offer\u2014their joint benign influences, not\nto a portion of the population, but to all classes and races alike.\nFor the part can receive its full benefit only in conjunction\nwith the benefit of the whole. This is no new principle, but the\nmethod in which, as our annual reports show, this Association has\nbeen proceeding throughout its history. Having always refused to\nrecognize the color-line, it can proceed on no other basis without\ndefeating its own ends, and compromising its own principles. And\nthe recent decision of the Supreme Court has rolled a new burden on\nthe Church.\n\nHence it is that your committee look with much interest upon\nthe experiment, tried and effectually settled at Berea, and now\nextending thence among the \u201cmountain whites,\u201d of including all\nclasses and races in the purview of our educational and Christian\nwork. We refer to the movement at Williamsburg, a county-seat\non the Cumberland River, which is simply a repetition of the\nmovement at Berea of twenty years ago\u2014with this difference, that\nthe abolition of the color-line, both in church and school,\nat Williamsburg, is fully accepted beforehand by an actual\nconstituency in that place. Here the establishment of an academy\nto educate teachers for the common schools of the county\u2014of whom,\nas of the population, but a small portion are colored persons\u2014went\nhand in hand with the opening of the church to both races alike,\nand has led most naturally to the establishment of three adjacent\npreaching places, and the formation of another church at the\nnearest railway station. This method, when viewed simply on its\nown merits, seems to be at once the dictate of a wise Christian\neconomy, and an almost necessary sequence, or rather part, of the\nwork of Christian education. Within the particular regions where\nthis Association is planting its schools, exerting its influence\nand gaining the confidence of the community, it would seem to\nhave peculiar advantages and a special call to leaven the whole\ncommunity with the institutions of the gospel; while the molding\ninfluence of its Christian schools will be left incomplete, except\nas permanently embodied, fortified and nourished by surrounding\nChristian churches, built upon the same fundamental principles.\nSimilar in condition, character and wants to this Whitley County,\nin Kentucky, is a great area of five hundred miles by two hundred,\nbeginning in Virginia and extending to Alabama, occupied chiefly by\na white population numbering nearly two millions, of whom more than\nhalf the adults can neither read nor write. It is one of the most\nneedy and neglected regions of our country, and presents a pressing\ncall to Christian philanthropy to enter and occupy.\n\n                                          S. C. BARTLETT, Chairman.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nADDRESS OF PRESIDENT S. C. BARTLETT.\n\n\nThere is perhaps some propriety in my saying an earnest word for\nthe educational work of this Association, representing as I do a\ncollege that from its birth abolished the color line in education.\nMore than a century ago Dartmouth College was training the red\nman and more than half a century ago the black man. Our first six\ngraduates included three missionaries to the Indians, and the last\nclass that entered contains a full-blooded Dakota and a Cherokee.\nFifty-nine years ago, twenty-two years before the first anniversary\nof this Association, we were educating the negro. In 1824 a young\nman from Martinique, of irreproachable character and conduct, but\nwith some African color and African blood in his veins, applied\nfor admission. Objections were raised in some quarters from the\nfear that his presence would prove unwelcome. The students heard\nof it, held meetings and sent a committee to urge his reception,\nand under the direction of a most conservative Board of Trustees,\nwith Dr. Bennet Tyler at its head, he was admitted, and into one of\nthe most distinguished classes in the history of the institution.\nThere, in company with forty classmates, who from that small number\nhave furnished six college professors, two theological professors,\ntwo college presidents, two Indian missionaries, a senator of the\nUnited States and a judge of a Supreme Court, Edward Mitchell went\non in comfort, graduated with honor and did a good work in the\nBaptist ministry. Since then many colored men have entered without\nhindrance, inconvenience, disability or disrespect. They have been\nthe equal companions and in some instances the room-mates of their\nfellow students. In June last two such young men graduated, one of\nthem an appointment man and a commencement speaker.\n\nWe know the colored man as a student, a Christian and a gentleman.\nAnd without making contrasts or comparisons, I will say that were\nall our students as irreproachable as these last two colored men,\nthere would be no more discipline in the institution. We might burn\nour college laws.\n\nI have seen the colored student elsewhere in Northern schools. Some\nof you remember that choice young man, Barnabas Root, a Christian\nscholar in America, though the son of a heathen chief in Africa.\nI well remember his graduating oration at Knox College, second to\nno other on that occasion. I remember him as three years a student\nin Chicago Theological Seminary, in all respects the peer of his\nclassmates. When that young man passed away just on the threshold\nof his missionary career, it was a grievous loss to his race and to\nthe church.\n\nIt is not necessary to say that all are like these. But these show\nwhat can be and sometimes will be. Educationally, they are a most\nhopeful race, because, in the main eager for improvement. And with\nwhatever deductions, it may be doubted whether the summons to awake\nand arise intellectually, socially and morally ever fell on the\nears of six or seven millions of people with such a simultaneous\nthrill of response. When I look out on our educational work at the\nSouth, I am greatly impressed with what has been already done, even\nmore than I am oppressed with what remains to be done.\n\nWhat have you done? No doubt it was a notable plan of the French\nauthorities in this country near two hundred years ago to encircle\nthis young nation with a chain of military stations from the Gulf\nof St. Lawrence to the Gulf of Mexico. But this Association has\ndone better than that. You have gone not to the outskirts, but to\nthe centre. You have planted your cordon of educational fortresses\nfrom the Potomac and the Ohio almost to the Rio Grande, through\nthe heart of the South in all the great slave-holding States. They\nare there to stay and to re-construct. They are already working\npowerfully, not alone on the education of individual young men and\nyoung women, but on the education of the community and of public\nsentiment. What a change has the President of the Board of Trustees\nof Berea College lived to behold\u2014the man who was robbed and driven\nout, but who now sees white men and black in nearly equal numbers\ngraduating together, and audiences of three or four thousand\ngathered to hear them. And these sixteen other anniversaries lately\nchronicled in the AMERICAN MISSIONARY, with their interested\naudiences and crowded halls, sometimes in stately buildings, are\nthe signal tokens of a great transformation.\n\nNo more significant testimony could be given to this change than a\nsort of wail in the _Atlantic Monthly_ over the \u201cNew Departure in\nNegro Life,\u201d a lament over the decadence of \u201cthe jocund customs of\nthe past,\u201d with its thoughtless levity and hilarity, and over the\n\u201chalf-hearted manner in which the characteristic festivities that\nremain are gone through with.\u201d What does it mean? It means, says\nthe writer, that \u201can unmistakable change in the negro character is\nat hand, and in an advanced state of progress. He is putting away\nchildish things and striving in his own crude way to grasp matters\nof higher import. The bulk of the race have learned to read after a\nfashion. His primer, his _vade mecum_, is the Bible. Never before,\nperhaps, in the history of the world, have two decades brought\nabout such a manifest change in a race. Religion, religionism,\nforms the staple of his speech by day, and the stuff that his\ndreams are made of by night.\u201d\n\nWould that the picture was more completely true. But, thank God, it\nis at least founded on fact. The race is aroused, and in earnest.\nIt is bent on accumulation, education, elevation. The world may pay\nas little heed to the movement as did the Roman world in the time\nof Tacitus to the Christian Church in the Eternal City; but the\ntime is not distant when the world will see that this quiet work is\none of the great movements of modern history.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nCHRISTIAN EDUCATION AT THE SOUTH.\n\nBY REV. WASHINGTON GLADDEN, D.D.\n\n\nThe problem that confronts us this morning is that which is\npresented by the illiteracy of this country, and especially of\nthe Southern States. This is not the only problem before this\nAssociation; the problem of the irreligion and heathenism which\ninfest many regions also claims our energies. There is moral\nevil as well as ignorance to be met and fought and overcome. The\nAssociation has an evangelical work as well as an educational work\nin its hands; and though, as we shall see, these two are properly\none, yet it is now convenient to consider them separately. It is\nthe educational work that is now before us.\n\nWe educate, because education is the servant of a pure religion. We\neducate, because we are the missionaries of a faith which always\nadds to itself virtue, and to its virtue knowledge. We educate,\nbecause a genuine Christianity always educates; because the work\nof the pulpit, the work of the Church everywhere must always be,\nin considerable part, the work of education; but, more especially,\nwe of this Association educate, because the peoples with whom we\nwork are in peculiar need of education; and because nothing but\nintelligence will ever break the fetters of degrading superstition\nby which they are held, and lead them forth into the liberty of the\nsons of God.\n\nWe educate, also, because we love our country, and because we\nbelieve that there is no other remedy for evils that now threaten\nher very existence, but the remedy of Christian education. Thus we\nare brought face to face with the problem of illiteracy. Illiteracy\nin a republic; what does it signify? It is the creeping paralysis\nthat unnerves its arm; it is the malaria that poisons its blood;\nit is the cataract that dims and finally destroys its vision; it\nis the slow decay that consumes its life. Illiteracy, ignorance,\nin a republic is, and must always be, assailing and undermining\nits very foundations. It is the natural and deadly foe of free\ngovernment. No republic can live, no republic ought to live, in\nwhich the voters are ignorant. Voting in a republic is governing;\nand no man has any right to govern me who does not know enough to\ngovern himself. No man has any right to take part in the government\nof the nation, who has not some notion of what right government\nis. I protest against such government. I have never consented\nto the justice of it, and I never will. I do not believe that\nthe State has any right to intrust this responsible business of\ngoverning\u2014and voting is governing\u2014to the hands of men who cannot\nread the ballots that they cast and who have no conception of the\nduties of a citizen.\n\nBut the State has done it; and what has been done cannot be undone\nby any political methods. It is with the consequences that we\nhave to do. And the consequences are tremendous, appalling to\nthose who stop to consider them. The total number of men of voting\nage in the Southern States at the last census was 4,154,125. Of\nthese 1,354,974 could neither read nor write. A little more than\nthirty-two per cent. of the voters of those States were at that\ntime wholly illiterate. Think of that! Almost one-third of all the\nvoters in sixteen States of the Union so ignorant that they cannot\nwrite their own names or read the simplest English sentence! And\nthese are our rulers.\n\nI know very well that you will find among these thirteen hundred\nthousand illiterate voters not a few men of great natural\nshrewdness and considerable general information, who may be fairly\nqualified to discharge the duties of citizenship. There are men\nto whom all print is shut, who can see quite as far into public\nquestions as many of those to whom print is as wide open as it\nwas to Silas Wegg. The alphabet test is by no means an infallible\ntest. Some who could not pass this test are well qualified for\ncitizenship. On the other hand, there are tens of thousands of\nthose who are reported among the literates, who are put down as\nbeing able to read and write, and who are yet utterly ignorant.\nThey can manage to scrawl their names, perchance, or to skip and\ntumble about a little among simple words in a primer: but the\nreading and writing of which they boast is of no sort of use to\nthem as fitting them to vote intelligently. You would need to add a\ngreat many figures to that array in the census if you should state\nfully the facts in regard to the illiteracy of the Southern States.\n\nI think we shall all agree with Dr. Haygood when he says, as he\ndid at the meeting of the National Educational Association in\nWashington last winter, \u201cThis is bad enough.\u201d And perhaps we should\nalso be able to agree with him in the further statement that it \u201cis\nfar from being the worst of this sad case. The worst,\u201d he says,\n\u201cis this: the illiterate vote in these States is increasing. From\n1870 to 1880 the increase of this army of ignorant voters in the\nSouth amounted to 187,671.\u201d Of course this is worse, in one sense;\nfor the more we learn of this illiteracy the worse we are off, no\ndoubt. But there is a brighter side to this picture, thank God!\nIt is dark enough, at best; and I want you to see it in all its\nblackness; but I do not want to paint it any blacker than it is.\nAfter you have seen the facts just as they are, you will still find\non your hands a stupendous task; but you will have, I trust, some\nreasons for believing that it is not a hopeless task.\n\nIt is true, then, as Dr. Haygood says, that there was a positive\nincrease of illiterate voters in the South between 1870 and 1880.\nHe makes this increase in round numbers 197,000; the figures I have\nfound increase it a little to 208,000. But that is not a _relative_\nincrease. The increase in the illiterate vote does not keep pace\nwith the increase of the population. The population increased 30\nper cent. in the ten years; the illiterate vote increased less than\n20 per cent. In 1870, more than 40 per cent. of the voters of the\nSouth were illiterate; in 1880, only 32 per cent. were illiterate.\n\nThis is what I call very substantial gain. Under the circumstances\nI am inclined to call it a splendid gain, one that is quite worth\nsinging the doxology over, one that should cause us all to thank\nGod and take courage.\n\nBut there are other features of the case to my own mind still more\nsignificant. Dr. Haygood says in the same address to which I have\nreferred: \u201cIn this downward progress the two races keep well\ntogether.\u201d We have seen that it is not a downward, but an upward\nprogress. And I think we shall see that instead of the two races\nkeeping well together, one of them is falling a good ways behind.\nWhich is it? \u201cThe increase of the illiterate _white_ vote,\u201d says\nDr. Haygood, \u201cwas 93,279; of the illiterate negro vote, 94,392.\nThe whites being in the majority, take the South as a whole, the\nincrease of the illiterate vote is relatively greater among the\nNegroes.\u201d\n\nThis is a great misconception. Dr. Haygood has no purpose whatever\nof misrepresenting the facts; we all know that. No man in the\ncountry is doing better work for the colored people than he is\ndoing; no man deserves more honor; but he has misapprehended\nthe facts in this statement; and I know that he will be glad to\nbe corrected. It is true, then, that the actual increase of the\nilliterate white vote in the Southern States during the last decade\nwas about the same as that of the illiterate Negro vote; 93,000\nof the one, 94,000 of the other. But how was it in 1870? In that\nyear there were in the Southern States 317,281 adult whites who\nwere illiterate, and 820,022 adult Negroes. There were at that\ntime considerably more than two and a half times as many Negro\nilliterates as white illiterates. Now, if the Negroes have added to\ntheir eight hundred thousand illiterates only about 94,000, while\nthe whites have added to their three hundred thousand about 93,000,\nit seems to me that the relative increase is immensely greater\namong the whites than among the Negroes. In fact, the increase\nof the illiterate white vote, in the ten years, was more than\ntwenty-eight per cent., while the increase of the illiterate Negro\nvote was only eleven and a half per cent.\n\nDr. Haygood gives the figures with respect to several of the\nStates. \u201cIn Georgia,\u201d he says, \u201cthe illiterate white voters in\n1870 were 21,899; in 1880, 28,571; the illiterate Negro voters in\nGeorgia, in 1870, were 100,551; in 1880, 116,516.\u201d Let us see what\nthese figures mean. In Georgia, in 1870, the whole number of males\nof voting age was 237,640; in 1880, it was 321,438. The increase\nof adult males was, therefore, about 31 per cent. But the increase\nin the whole number of illiterate voters was only about 18-1/2 per\ncent. according to Dr. Haygood\u2019s figures. The white illiterates,\nhowever, increased 30-1/2 per cent. while the colored illiterates\nincreased not quite 16 per cent.\n\nTwo other States in which we are deeply interested, are reported\nto us in Dr. Haygood\u2019s figures, and, neglecting the numbers which\nhe gives, I will give you the percentages, which he neglects. In\nKentucky the number of male adults has increased 23 per cent. and\nthe whole number of illiterate voters about 21-1/2 per cent. But\nthe per cent. of increase among the illiterate white voters is very\nnearly 23, almost keeping up with the increase of population, where\nthe per cent. of increase among illiterate Negro voters is not\nquite fourteen.\n\nIn Tennessee the facts are still more striking. The increase in the\nwhole number of males of voting age was, in the ten years, about 26\nper cent., while the increase in the number of illiterate voters\nwas only 13 per cent. The illiterate voters increased only half as\nfast as the voting population. Here, evidently, a very successful\nattack has been made upon the strongholds of illiteracy. But where\nhave these victories been gained\u2014among the whites or the Negroes?\nAlmost wholly among the latter. The number of illiterate white\nvoters increased during the ten years 24 percent., almost as fast\nas the population, while the illiterate Negro voters increased\nduring the same period _less than five per cent._\n\nTaking these three States together, we find that the percentage of\nincrease of males of voting age was 27; of illiterate voters, 18;\nof illiterate white voters, 25; of illiterate Negro voters, 12.\n\nNow these figures completely overthrow the statement that the\nincrease of illiteracy is relatively greater among the Negroes\nthan among the whites. They show that the proportions are all the\nother way, tremendously the other way; the difference between the\ntwo races is startling. The whites are gaining a little in this\nbattle with the powers of darkness; but it is very little; they\nare scarcely doing more than hold their own; but the Negroes are\ngaining splendidly; it is to them that the large increase in the\npercentage of intelligent voters is mainly due.\n\nNow what does this mean? Of course it is due to several causes.\nThe Negroes had had but about five years of opportunity when the\ncensus of 1870 was taken; in 1880 they had had fifteen years of\nopportunity. That a better chance has been offered them, and that\nthey are taking the chance that has been offered them, these\nfigures assure us. But they tell us something more, that, to us, is\nvery significant. The gains of intelligence among the Negroes in\nall parts of the South have been much more rapid than those of the\nwhites; but they have been more rapid in these three States than in\nmost other parts of the South; and why? Why? Did you ever hear of\nFisk, and Berea and Atlanta? The census tables have heard of them,\nif you have not.\n\nIt is to the hundreds of young people that go out every year from\nthese colleges, and such as these, teaching in public and in\nprivate schools pupils of their own color, that this gain in the\nbattle with illiteracy at the South is due. They are the children\nof the light, who are waging this victorious battle with the\npowers of darkness. There has been great improvement, of course,\nin the public schools of the South during this decade; but in\nthis improvement the whites have shared as well as the blacks;\nthe great reasons for the more rapid advancement of the blacks\nare, first, that they are more eager for instruction than the\nignorant whites, and, secondly, that they are better supplied with\nteachers\u2014missionaries of education, who not only do much to supply\nthe demand for knowledge already existing, but who do still more to\nincrease this demand.\n\nWe come back, now, from our brief excursion into this fruitful and\nfascinating realm of percentages, to confront again that large\nmass of illiteracy that lies athwart the path of this nation. Huge\nit is, but, thank God, it looks not so vast and unmanageable as\nonce it seemed. It is growing; but the nation is growing faster;\nrelatively it is decreasing. It is far too formidable yet to be let\nalone; so long as ignorance rules almost one-third of our rulers\nin all of these sixteen States, no man has any right to relax\nhis vigilance or abate his energies. What these figures show is\nsimply this, that work tells; that our money is not wasted; that\nour labor is not in vain in the Lord; that if we will only keep\nit up with our giving and our working, if we will only see to it\nthat these same agencies that have done this grand work in the\npast ten years are fully equipped to carry it on with increasing\nvigor, we may hope to gain in the next ten years still more rapid\nand decisive victories. The word that comes to every friend of\nthe American Missionary Association, to every benefactor in deed\nor in purpose of these noble schools, is the word that Grant sent\nto Sheridan after the battle of Five Forks: \u201cPush things!\u201d You\u2019ve\ngot \u2019em running, these legions of ignorance and darkness; up and\nafter them; harry them on the flank, press them in the rear, till\nthey plunge like the herd of devil-pestered hogs, into the Gulf of\nMexico.\n\nYou have got the forces to do this work. All you want to do is to\ngive them a better equipment. You want no new machinery; you only\nwant more power; no new organizations, but reinforcements of those\nin the field.\n\nThe kinds of educational work that this Association is doing\nare exactly the kinds of work that must be done. The industrial\ntraining given in some of the schools is admirable; the normal\ntraining of teachers is work whose results are immediate and\nbeneficent; the higher education, too, is abundantly justified. If\nthere are any who have doubts on this last score, I am not one of\nthem. There is nothing that these six millions of colored people\nneed to-day more than they need thoroughly educated men of their\nown race to be their leaders. More than any other class in this\ncountry, they are in danger of being misled by petty demagogues and\nsmall philosophers. We cannot too soon furnish them with social\nand political and religious guides who have been trained by severe\ndiscipline to think clearly, to consider questions broadly and\nhistorically, to reason judicially and dispassionately, to chasten\nthe exuberance and verbosity of their own people with the dignity\nand judgment that are the fruits of sound learning. Such examples\nof high character and broad culture scattered about here and there\namong the Negro people will do more to form their ideals and direct\ntheir progress than can be done in any other way. I tell you that\nthe money spent in making first-class men in these colleges is as\nwell invested as any other money that you spend. The only thing to\nbe desired about such schools as Fisk and Atlanta is that their\nstandards be made higher and more inflexible, year by year, and\nthat their work be more and more thorough, so that the diploma\nshall mean in every case just as much as the diploma of Amherst or\nWilliams or Bowdoin.\n\nIt is a Christian education that pupils are receiving in these\nschools of ours. Most of the pupils who go out from them to become\npastors, teachers, lawyers, physicians, merchants, citizens,\nfathers and mothers are Christian men and women; and they become\nmessengers of a pure Gospel, living epistles of Christ, wherever\nthey go. Especially as teachers do they make their influence felt.\nWe cannot Christianize the public school systems of the Southern\nStates; but if we can Christianize the teachers, that is a much\nmore effective service. And that is precisely what we are doing in\nall these Southern schools.\n\nThis Association has been promoting Christian education at the\nSouth in quite another fashion. Gently, without censure or\ndenunciation, by the silent influence of Christly lives, it has\nbeen teaching the Southern people that caste is un-Christian. It\nis a great lesson; it is a lesson hard to learn; and we must not\nwonder at it: the social maxims and usages of centuries are not\nchanged in a day. But it will be learned by and by; patience and\nfidelity and sweet reasonableness in those who teach it will have\ntheir reward in God\u2019s good time. It only needs that we should\nquietly bear our testimony and wait; the leaven may be hidden\nnow, but it is working; and the time will surely come, and as\nspeedily as it ought to come, when from churches and from schools\nthe color line will disappear. I do not think that the people who\nhave commissioned and who support this Association in its work\u2014the\ngreat Congregational communion, on which it mainly depends\u2014can\npropose to themselves any better sort of work than that which this\nAssociation is doing, or can afford to carry on that work in any\nother way or by any other hands. It is true, as the figures I have\nquoted have shown, that the colored people have received most of\nthe benefit of this work, and that the whites have profited by it\nbut little. This is true of the educational work, and of the church\nwork as well. But it is not because the schools and churches of\nthis Association are not open to whites and blacks on equal terms.\nIt is simply because they _are_ open to whites and blacks on equal\nterms. This is the only reason why the whites do not generally\navail themselves of these excellent advantages. It is because the\nbasis on which these schools and churches rest is frankly and\nthoroughly Christian\u2014because caste is not tolerated in them\u2014that\nthe white people of the South have held aloof from them. For the\npresent, until their convictions and feelings on this subject\nshall have changed, the white people of the South will, generally,\nhold themselves aloof from any church or school that rests on this\nbasis, no matter by whom it may be administered. Any society that\nis as frankly and thoroughly Christian as this society has always\nbeen, will have the same difficulty in reaching the whites that\nthis society experiences.\n\nIt is possible that churches or schools might be established at\nthe South, nominally open to both races, but really intended\nexclusively for the whites, into which some whites could be drawn.\nYou might put it into the constitution that no distinctions of\ncolor were recognized in the church, and you might still keep\nsaying: \u201cOf course colored people are welcome here, if they want to\ncome; but we think they will be happier and better off in churches\nof their own.\u201d Probably the colored people would not accept this\nkind of welcome; and possibly some whites would be satisfied\nwith this method of establishing the color line. It would be an\neffective method, no doubt. But is this the sort of thing that the\npeople calling themselves Congregationalists want to do? For one I\nfeel sure that it is not worth doing. I don\u2019t believe that we can\nafford to propagate two kinds of Congregationalism down there, one\nof which is frankly and bravely Christian in its dealings with the\ncaste of color, and the other of which is, to say the least, less\nfrankly Christian, consenting, by its silence, to the maintenance\nof the color line. Such a policy seems to me something other than\nChristian, something less than Christian: and I, for my part, have\nno time and no money to spend in propagating a Congregationalism\nthat is broader or narrower, or higher or lower, or tighter or\nlooser than simple Christianity. When our zeal for the propagation\nof Congregationalism leads us to slur over the everlasting verities\nof Christ\u2019s kingdom, it is leading in doubtful ways.\n\nIt has been said that this Association is handicapped by its\nrecord and its methods in the work of reaching the whites of the\nSouth. Perhaps it is. So was He handicapped in His work among\nthe Pharisees, of whom it was said: \u201cWhy eateth your Master with\npublicans and sinners?\u201d The burden it is bearing is the cross of\nChrist; nothing else. It has gone down into humiliation with its\nMaster to succor and save these His brethren. Would it be better\nfor the Association to fling aside this burden? Would it be wise\nfor any other society going down into that field to work to refuse\nto take it up or to try to hide it from the sight of men?\n\nThe disability under which this Association labors is its glory.\nAnd I do not believe that it will prove to be a permanent\nimpediment in its work. No; that cannot be. I believe in the\nvictorious might of Christian principles. The heroic faith and\npatience of the men and women who have been toiling there so long\namong Christ\u2019s little ones, identifying themselves with the lowly\nand giving their lives for them, neither striving nor crying\nagainst the scorn that has greeted them, reviled but reviling\nnot again, must triumph in the end. It is the one power that is\nirresistible. The barriers of caste will go down before it, and\nthe color line will no longer stain the threshold of the Christian\nChurch.\n\nSo, then, I do not believe that we, as Congregationalists, need any\nother agency in the Southern field than the one that has wrought\nthere so nobly in the years now past. I am sure that even the\neducational work of this Association would be obstructed by the\nentrance of any other missionary organization into this field.\nBecause I love and honor the Home Missionary Society, I do not want\nto see it compromise itself or imperil the interests of Christ\u2019s\nkingdom at the South by turning from its proper work, its urgent\nwork, to try a doubtful experiment. And I trust this Association,\nin all love and kindness, but with all needful frankness, will\nexpress its wishes in this matter. Two little boys were astride of\na hobby-horse, and the one who was riding ahead was being crowded\nout of the saddle, and was clinging with some difficulty to the\nneck of the wooden steed. Finally he ventured: \u201cJimmy, don\u2019t you\nthink if one of us should get off I could ride a little better?\u201d\nI hope that the American Missionary Society will say, by her\nrepresentatives here, to her honored sister, the American Home\nMissionary Society: \u201cDon\u2019t you think that if one of us should keep\nout of this Southern field, I could do my work in it a little\nbetter?\u201d I am sure that she has earned the right to express this\nwish, and I have not the slightest fear that the wish will not be\nheeded.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nADDRESS OF PROF. C. G. FAIRCHILD.\n\n\nFrom the trend of the discussion this morning I find that a\nlarge responsibility has drifted into my hands. There is among\nthe churches in the North a deep, unmistakable interest in those\nlong-neglected ignorant whites of the South. It is a difficult\nproblem to tell how to turn this into channels that shall benefit\nthese people without on the one hand neglecting the work already\nundertaken by this Association or, on the other, giving some\nsuspicion of countenancing a color line and perhaps bringing a\nclashing of interests between sister societies. In the report\non education just received, special attention was turned to the\nmountain whites. Perhaps the solution of our difficulties may be\nfound here. Certainly there will arise in your minds no suspicion\nof waning interest in the colored people or sympathy with caste on\nthe part of those who have heretofore been closely connected with\nthis mountain work at Berea College and the surrounding regions.\nIt is their unanimous conviction that work undertaken for these\nmountain people with firm faith in Christian brotherhood and\nunswerving courage will assist in unfurling upon a higher masthead\nthe broad motto borne on the seal of Berea College for twenty-five\nyears past: \u201cGod hath made of one blood all nations of men.\u201d\n\nThe term \u201cmountain\u201d stands for much more than appears at first.\nIt stands for a larger, more inviting and fertile section than\nmany are aware of. It comprises a stretch of country commencing in\nthe Virginias and extending to Alabama, 500 miles one way by 200\nthe other. Much of the land, not simply in valleys, but also upon\nthe benches of hillsides and even upon the broad mountain tops,\nis as fertile as the better known sections of the South. At the\nbase of these hills lies an untold wealth of coal, iron and other\nminerals which is, as yet, almost untouched, while the summits of\nthese hills are still crowned with the virgin forests. This country\nsupports now a population of two millions, though its capabilities\nare wretchedly developed. The growth since the war in these regions\nhas been at almost double the ratio of that of other parts of the\nSouth.\n\nBut the term \u201cmountain\u201d bespeaks a country with different\nsocial and political characteristics. Slavery had no use for a\nself-respectful, laboring white man. The badge of manual labor was\na badge of servile degradation. Of two brothers one would chance\nto get a little start, own a few slaves and all society would spur\nhim onward. The other, less fortunate at the start, would slip\naway to some mountain hamlet and lead an uneventful, unambitious\nlife and bring up a large family in utter ignorance. He plodded on\nhis way, working only as necessity compelled him, instinctively\nhating slavery, slave-owners and slaves. Thus slavery rejected not\nsimply this broken mountainous country, but the large class of\nwhites which inhabited this region. If the North cares to dignify\nphysical labor in the South, if it feels the need of a class that\nhas a natural love for free, republican institutions, if it cares\nto have the common-school system take rooting in the soil, if\nit desires a class of whites that shall be the wise, consistent\nfriends of the colored people, perhaps it may find that this large\nbody of whites rejected by slavery will prove the effective agency\nunder the divine planning for this purpose. The stone which the\nbuilders rejected may become the head of the corner.\n\nBut one or two railroads cross this section. There are few towns\nof any importance, and a man who should own $10,000 worth of\nproperty would be the great man for twenty miles around. They are\nan agricultural people, each family living on its own little farm\nof 50 to 100 acres, the homestead often having been handed down\nthrough two or three generations. The houses range from the painted\nand unpainted frame house of four to six rooms to the very common\nlittle log hut of one to two rooms where you will find huddled\ntogether at night a father and mother, and children of every age,\nand you yourself if you happen to be their guest. The most that is\nneeded for family wants, from corn and bacon to tobacco, is raised\nby themselves. Often such a family will not see $50 in cash the\nyear round. Even the old hand looms find a friendly shelter in\nthose Rip Van Winkle hollows. A man who moved from these regions\nto Berea, that he might give his seven children an education, wore\nupon his back his carefully preserved wedding suit, the wool for\nwhich he himself had cut from the backs of his father\u2019s sheep, and\nwhich his mother, after spinning, and weaving, and dyeing with\nbutternut bark, had cut and made for him. A little shovel plough,\na hand-made hoe, and an unkempt mule with a straw collar make up\nthe agricultural outfit. The schoolhouse is a log hut sometimes\nwithout doors and windows, or even a floor. For religious services,\ndependence is placed upon the chance visits of an exhorter who\nsometimes cannot read, and is even proud of getting his inspiration\nat first hand. There is a section of Eastern Kentucky, 200 miles\none way by 100 the other, that has not a settled minister of any\ndenomination. Some hesitate about extending the work of this\nAssociation beyond the blacks, but they need have little scruple\nhere, for this section of the map of our country is black through\nilliteracy. More than half of the adult white population native\nborn, of the same stock and lineage that furnished from the more\nfavored sections the Clays and Breckenridges, that gave to this\ncountry Abraham Lincoln\u2014more than half of this white population\ncannot read or write. Thus, not on the farther side of broad\noceans, or even the distant borders of our land, but right at hand\nin the very heart of the best settled and most cultured part of our\ncountry lies this territory, vast in extent, utterly neglected by\nall uplifting agencies in the past, peculiarly susceptible to the\nawakening influences of the changed social conditions at the South,\nwhere there is an ignorance so dense that when we remember that\nthey are our brothers and sisters, not by Christian ties simply\nbut by direct blood and lineage, we must hang our heads in shame.\nSurely if the Church at the North is sighing for new worlds to\nconquer, what more claim can there possibly be upon its attention\nand benevolence?\n\nIt is a matter of congratulation that this work can be entered upon\nby this Association at once and with vigor, without embarrassment\nor exciting in any quarter criticism or suspicion. It is idle for\nus to suppose that the social growth of generations enforced by\nignorance, savage heredity and marked physical characteristics,\nhas wasted away in less than a score of years. More vital than\nany political problem or the growth of any special church polity\nis the question whether the time can ever come in this country\nwhen the negro in debating his chances and opportunities in life\nshall not be made to feel that his color is a drawback to him.\nIn working out the solution of this problem this Association has\nborne a part that is fast challenging the respect of the South\nand the admiration of the North. This is a vantage ground that it\nis hazardous to yield. The work of this Association is understood\neverywhere to mean that nothing less than the utter demolishment\nof every barrier in the upward progress of the negro race will\nsatisfy it. If, therefore, the churches lay upon it this further\nwork, we feel sure that not only by heritage will it prove true\nto these fundamental principles, but that the workers at present\nin the South will exercise an Argus-eyed vigilance that nowhere\nshall there be a shadow of a suspicion that the spirit of caste has\ninfluenced its action. Without rashness on one hand or neglecting\nits opportunities on the other, the churches at the North can\nthus safely gratify their present earnest and commendable, though\nsomewhat tardy, desire to benefit the needy whites of the South by\nasking this Association to turn its attention specially to these\nmountain whites.\n\nThe friends of this Association should also remember that the man\nwhose name as a missionary has been the longest on your roll, the\nRev. John G. Fee, was born at the base of these Kentucky hills.\nYou should remember, too, that the men who made an anti-slavery\nchurch and school in a slavery State years before the war were\nthese mountain whites. This Association nursed its firstborn on\nthese mountain slopes. As patriots, some of whose sons sleep on\nthat Southern soil, you should remember that this whole section\nwas loyal in the battle for a united country unstained by slavery.\nWest Virginia parted from the parent State under this patriotic\nimpulse. Some mountain counties in Kentucky sent more men into the\nUnion army than they had liable to military duty. Surely gratitude\nfor such help in that struggle is not so dead at the North that it\nwill not say to this Association: \u201cIf you have the opportunity by\nchurches and schools to repay in part the debt we owe, we will see\nthat you have the money and the men.\u201d\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nREPORT ON CHURCH WORK.\n\n\nYour Committee finds in the report of the Executive Committee for\nthe past year, proof of healthy and steady growth in the work of\nplanting churches. The report records the organization of six new\nchurches, viz., McLeansville, N.C.; Knoxville, Tenn.; Birmingham,\nAla.; Jackson, Miss.; Fayetteville, Ark.; and Belle Place, La.,\nand one new State Association of six churches in Miss.; making the\nwhole number of churches eighty-nine, and of State Associations\neight. The additions to these churches during the past year have\nbeen six hundred and sixty-seven; the number of scholars gathered\nin the church and Mission Sunday-schools has been nine thousand\nfour hundred and four; the contributions for church work $12,027.21\nand for benevolent purposes $1,049.35.\n\nWe are glad to find it to be the distinct aim of the Society to\npress its work of evangelization to its consummation in Christian\nchurches, and that while its educational and industrial work must\nfrom the nature of the case be general in its character, the\nobligation is recognized to gather up the result, so far and as\nfast as opportunity affords, in a more specific and permanent form.\nAn intelligent Christianity, such as is fostered in the academies,\nseminaries and colleges maintained by the Society, demands a\nchurch-polity that gives scope to the developed manhood and retains\nit in a process of growth. Our work would be but half done did\nwe leave those brought under its influence to fall back into old\nmethods and be lost in the mass of ignorance and superstition.\n\nThe Association was debarred from this distinctive work at first,\nbut when soon after the war, others, who had contributed to the\nfunds of this Society, seeing the magnitude of the undertaking,\nwisely began efforts of their own, the Association was left to\nthe support of the Congregational churches, it directed its labors\nto this end. This distinctive church-planting work began in 1867.\nIn that year the Society organized three churches. The statistics\nof its growth in this direction are summarized thus: In 1867 there\nwere three churches; in 1870 there were twenty-three; in 1875,\nfifty-six; in 1880, seventy-three; in 1883, eighty-nine. The\nmembership now numbers five thousand nine hundred and seventy-four,\nan average of sixty-seven to each church. Every church but two has\na pastor, and eighty of the eighty-nine have their own houses of\nworship. These churches give promise of permanency. They have not\nsprung from a division or denominational spirit, and are not the\nrepresentations of restlessness or the mere desire to try some new\nthing. Their roots are laid deep in the Christian education of the\nschools, and their organization expresses the need of the growing\nintelligence of those who compose them. Churches made of such\nmaterial, formed upon the New Testament plan, have thus far been\nstable; those first formed are among the strongest.\n\nNor are these churches isolated and independent. They have\nrecognized the principle of the fellowship of the churches and have\ngrouped themselves into eight State Conferences, thus giving to\nour polity an example and an acknowledged position in that great\nsection of our land. It is gratifying to find from the reports that\nthe methods of this church-government are readily apprehended by\nthe members of these churches, and that in the order and discipline\nof the individual churches and in the management of their councils\nand conferences, they are showing capacity for self-control.\n\nThis body of churches, so well organized and underlaid by Christian\nschools, presents a record of sixteen years\u2019 effort that does no\ndiscredit to the Congregational name.\n\nWhile anxious for a more rapid growth in the future, and wishing\nto extend the good influences which we believe will be felt by the\nestablishment of such churches, we would commend the wisdom and\nprudence that have seized upon strong centers and have avoided the\nhasty multiplication of churches for the sake of members. While\nurging for the future the utmost watchfulness for opportunity and\nthe pushing of this branch of the work of the Association, we\nexpress the hope that what is done be well done, that no discredit\nmay come to the cause of Christ, as represented by the churches of\nour polity. It is not number but might that tells in the formation\nprocesses of a people. A single church of genuine substance,\nrightly constituted and ordered and working outward, is a germ\naround which a whole community will take form. More than numbers,\nthe inherent vitality of this molds and fashions after the ideas\nand principles with which it is charged. It has vitalizing and\norganic power in it, and kindling the intelligence and awakening\nthe responsibility of its own members, it leads and sways the\npeople around it. It may work dimly for a time amid the surrounding\nchaos, but presently as the social fabric thus woven is brought to\nlight, the figure appears and it commends itself as a true church\nof Christ.\n\nBut the work so well begun ought soon to be greatly enlarged.\nThe rapid growth of the colored population gives emphasis to\nthis\u2014a growth that so far outstrips the means of education and\nspiritual improvement as to leave a constantly increasing number\nof illiterate voters and of degraded people. The benevolent\nsocieties of the North, of every name and order, ought to multiply\ntheir efforts for training the needed teachers\u2014the business and\nprofessional men, the mechanics and the educated and consecrated\nministers. Meantime, as the higher education of some advances,\nthere will be more and more demand for churches of our order. We\nsay this not from denominational feeling. We hold no invasive\nattitude. We stir no controversy. We aim not at division, but\nbelieving that the apostolic method of gathering churches is the\ntrue one, that in its fluent and free adaptation, its simplicity\nof form and order, in its investing Christ as the immediate Head\nof each local church, in its putting the individual members upon\nresponsibility, and thus setting them to the study of God\u2019s Word\nfor authority and the dependence upon the Divine Spirit for\nguidance\u2014that in this free and fraternal way of ordering the\nchurches there is a molding power for good beyond others, and\nremembering its working and product elsewhere, we desire such fruit\nof it all abroad.\n\nThat Providence which always surpasses our thought in preparing\nits agencies has given us for this work this Association with\nits schools and machinery, its knowledge of the needs of the\nsection where its greatest efforts have been put forth. Started\nwith no expectation of founding churches, it yet has nothing in\nits constitution limiting it to one kind of effort nor to any one\nclass or race. Its schools are open to all. Its churches are simply\nChristian churches. It goes to teach and preach and to elevate the\nmasses. That is what is needed\u2014no distinction of caste or class,\nand in the organization of churches the recognition of a regenerate\nmembership on the principle that mankind are of one blood and on\nthe fellowship of all Christians.\n\nWhile practically its work has been mainly among the freedmen,\nand while it may continue for some time to find itself limited to\nthem, theoretically its work is for all, and it should hold fast to\nthat principle. It should never form some churches for black men\nand other churches for white men; but always Christian churches\nfor Christian men and women. We should deprecate any line drawn\nin the Christian church based on difference in wealth, in social\nposition, in education, in color, in sex, in previous condition.\nThe only line to be drawn there is between those who give good\nevidence of renewed hearts and those who do not. We recognize this\nas the principle governing this Association, and therefore commend\nit as the adequate agency for the evangelizing work of our churches\nin the South. May it be abundantly sustained by the prayers and\nsympathies and means of our churches at the North, and may it soon\nfind an open door through the ignorance and the prejudice by which\nit is surrounded and be free to work among all classes at the South.\n\nAnd looking at the work already commenced among the freedmen, what\na goodly field is opened before us! What a beneficent influence we\ncan exert, not only on the seven millions in our own land, who are\npart of our body politic, but upon a whole race counted by its many\nmillions in different parts of the world! What stores of prophetic\npower are lodged in every true church we establish! We have but the\nmerest hint and initial sign in the little bands now gathered of\nthe possibilities lying before us!\n\nWe commend this work to the churches at the North, and plead that\nthese older churches cherish a lively and effective interest in\nall this outgrowth of themselves. There is danger that there may\nbe abatement of interest in this direction, and that the fostering\nhand and special sympathy these weak churches, now that they are\nchurches, need in their struggles, be withheld. That distinctive\nfeature of Congregationalism which marks it off from sheer\nindependency needs to be emphasized. There are claims of community\nin faith and order that should be gladly owned, and perfect\nunderstanding and interchange should be cherished between all parts\nof this fellowship of saints, mutual confidence and the gracious\ntenderness of a love deeper than any kinship of race should cement\nus in one.\n\nBy our liberal things we shall stand. We have sent men and women\nand means with large generosity, that inquired not whether\nthey served our own denomination or another, if only Christ\u2019s\ncause be promoted. The work already done is a fair movement to\nself-forgetful charity. We should now make our beneficence more\nand more the channel of grace and fellowship to brethren whom we\nhave made brethren. If we do indeed hold this church polity on such\nterms of intelligence as to make it fit to hold it at all, if it be\nno fault of the awakened ones at the South that they hold it, then\nwhat has been so good and fruitful here we should make strong and\nfruitful there. And if this Association has come in its legitimate\ngrowth to the establishment of self-governed churches, accept them\nas our own. Our seal is on them from the first. The time is ripe\nfor larger advance, and for more confidence in our own work.\n\nIt is with gratitude we acknowledge the liberal plan with which\nthis Association is now supplementing its evangelizing and teaching\nwork with the timely and necessary work of church erection. It is\npart of the same work. Nearly fourscore neat and serviceable church\nedifices have already arisen under its auspices. No better work\nand none looking more to permanent results has been done. Many a\nmissionary and pastor has found his work at once enlarged and all\nhis means of good multiplied, when the house of God has been given\nhim by its aid. And every such edifice stands forth as an eloquent\nwitness of your loving care for the people of the South, and serves\nas a bond of union between the distant parts of our land.\n\nThe same divine ordinance that opened this field to us, prescribes\nour work in it. Now that our mission reveals itself, shall we\nnot accept it thankfully, impress ourselves purposely on this\nvast field, and let the poor of all classes feel the strength of\nChristian community and fellowship\u2014for we are one?\n\n                                              LEWELLYN PRATT,\n                                                       Chairman.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nADDRESS OF REV. T. P. PRUDDEN.\n\n\nAssuming that the church work of the Association was not for\nsectarian propagandism, but for saving men from sin and its\nconsequences, he proceeded:\n\nIs it not evident, first of all, that the Church of Christ is\n_the_ great and divinely ordained instrument for establishing the\nKingdom of God? Schools are undoubtedly instruments. But their\nplace is to supplement, not supplant, the Church. In that long line\nof Christian work which, beginning at Jerusalem, has well-nigh\nencircled the world, has not the Church of Christ been the chief\nmachinery through which the good seed of the Gospel has been sown\nand the crop harvested, through which Christ\u2019s servants have done\nhis work, through which a goodly influence has been exerted,\nand through which Christian institutions have been founded and\npreserved? We are seeking the civilization of a down-trodden race,\nbut what force was ever such a civilizer as the Christian Church?\n\nChurch work is necessary if we are to retain and conserve the\nresults of school work. Let secular education train a man, and he\nbecomes more polished and better equipped for life and work. He\nhas greater power, but it may be a power for sin and selfishness,\nas truly as for God and righteousness. Let Christian education\nwork upon him as it does in the schools of this Association, he\nis still more polished, he has a spiritual life. Not when in\nschool, but when the school is left, is the Church most necessary.\nThe influence of the college cannot be about a man in his home,\nthe influence of the Church can. The help of a teacher is\ntransient, the help of a pastor and the associations of a church\nare permanent. To expect these to retain the best fruits of that\nChristian education which this Association is so widely diffusing,\nunless churches take up, and carry on what the schools have begun,\nis to expect more of the colored race, with its inheritance of\ndegradation, and slavery and little training, than we expect of the\nwhite race with its inheritance of Christianity and freedom, and\nabundant training.\n\nClosely allied to this is the need of church work to withstand\nthe evils that are incident to awakened thought and increased\nknowledge. The air is laden with a sentiment of irreligion.\nEducating a freedman is breaking up the hard sod of ignorance\nin which such seeds of evil fall without taking root, providing\ninstead a soil that is very receptive.\n\nAs our educational work is, and must be, destructive of the\nreligion of the old slave days, it becomes more emphatically our\nduty to provide a positive and intelligent religion to take the\nplace of that which we destroy. Not to do so is to bring a possible\ncurse along with our good. Moreover, churches must furnish zealous\nmen and woman, whom education may prepare to do the Lord\u2019s work. It\nis not enough to rely upon the possibility of conversion while the\nstudents are in college. The Church has an earlier and a broader\nopportunity. It forms the homes and the influences that form the\nchildren. A vast proportion of the pastors and missionaries of\nthe North have gone to college as Christians, instead of becoming\nChristians when there. They have come from Christian homes. They\nwere sent by Christian parents whose love for God and man was\nplanted and trained in Christ\u2019s Church.\n\nAnd, brethren, need I remind you that we are sowing for a slowly\nmaturing harvest.\n\nThe special work for the colored race to do in this country and in\nAfrica is appalling, by reason of its vastness. And when we ask how\nit shall be done, I affirm that the churches of Christ in the South\nare to be great instruments. Successful foreign missions require\nvigorous home missions. Do you smile at the idea of these feeble\nchurches ever furnishing financial support? One of them is reported\nthis year as giving $90 to this Association, $70 to the American\nBoard, $77 to home missions, while it spent $687 for itself.\n\nThe time of defense and apology for church work is passed. It is no\nlonger an experiment. The night of doubt and preparation has gone.\nThe morning of small things when, waiting for more abundant light,\nwe moved with commendable slowness, has opened and glided on into\nthe broad full day. Now we can do what we never could before.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nEXTRACTS FROM THE REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON FINANCE.\n\n\nYour Committee on Finance beg leave to report that they have\ncarefully examined the books of account and the various annual\nstatements of the Treasurer, and that as statements of the business\ndone by the Association they find them all in the most satisfactory\ncondition. The books are kept by a simple but comprehensive system\nof double entry, by which a double-system of checks against error\nis provided, and individual and representative accounts are\neach kept in proper form. The annual statements of receipts and\nexpenditures, of investments, of permanent funds and of real estate\nheld by the Association are all properly certified to as correct by\nthe Auditors. The committee commend the financial administration of\nthe Association for its economy and faithfulness.\n\nThe permanent funds held in trust by the Association, the income\nof which is used according to the direction of the donors, amounts\nto $203,863.60. These funds are invested mostly in U.S. government\nbonds and in first mortgages on productive real estate, which are\nan ample security for the amounts which they represent. The entire\nsafety of these investments speaks well for the financial officers\nof the Association, and the wisely conservative regulations of the\nby-laws of the Executive Committee regarding investments warrants\nthe fullest confidence in the continued security of funds committed\nto their care.\n\nThe permanent investment of the Association in lands and buildings\nfor church and educational purposes in the South, of which it holds\nundisputed titles in its own name, is inventoried at $483,370.\nBerea College, Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute, and\nFisk and Atlanta Universities hold their own property by their\nown boards of trustees. The estimated present value of all these\nproperties amounts to at least one million of dollars.\n\nHere are a million dollars worth of tools and machinery, all in\ngood running order, exactly adapted to the business in hand and\nlocated at the best possible points for doing it. Does not this\nfact appeal mightily to the churches to see to it that this great\ninvestment which they have made be used to the best possible\nadvantage? He would be a poor business man, who would invest a\nmillion of dollars in a \u201cplant\u201d and then scrimp his business for\nlack of current funds. That would be a poor business, which with\nthat amount of money well invested for its purposes could not\nsecure the working capital necessary to use it to its full capacity.\n\nIt takes a long time and much hard work to gather from the\nbenevolent a million dollars and to expend it judiciously in the\nerection of churches, school-houses and colleges. Every dollar of\nthis money is freighted with prayer and winged with love. It will\nbe found again presently as treasure laid up in heaven. It is like\nan inspiration to think how much of Christ\u2019s spirit is represented\nin these buildings built for the love of Him. But they must be\nused. The very stones and brick will cry out against us, if we\nneglect to follow up what has been done with still greater work in\nthe future.\n\nThe Executive Committee in their annual report call for one\nthousand dollars a day, as needed for current expenses the coming\nyear. In order to raise this sum the ordinary contributions must be\nincreased to $225,000, an advance of one-half over last year. In\nview of the great issues at stake, and the unexampled opportunities\nof the Association for doing its work, your Finance Committee\nrecommend that this increase be made.\n\nLet this be the key-note of our appeals this year: _One thousand\ndollars a day; 50 per cent. advance on all contributions._\n\nAll of which is most respectfully submitted,\n\n                           ERASTUS BLAKESLEE, for the Committee.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nADDRESS OF REV. D. O. MEARS, D.D.\n\n\nNow the question comes right here: shall we give according to what\nwe are, or what we have? One of the largest contributors in New\nEngland told me the story of his conversion the other day, and it\nwas this, as we sat in the evening by his fireside. \u201cMy wife and\nI,\u201d he said, \u201chad acquired a competence; money seemed to be coming\nin. I had been brought up outside the Christian faith, and while\nsuch a one was preaching on one occasion I debated the question:\nCan I become a Christian? My wife found the light and for days I\nwrestled with the question. Light would not come. I knew what it\nwas; it was my pocket book; shall that be included? When I decided\nmy pocketbook for Christ, then light broke in; and,\u201d said he in\nthat narration, as a fit appendix to the whole, \u201cI have never put\nmy means in any place where I have ever lost in all my experience.\u201d\n\nIt is said that after the events at Pentecost, Andrew went down\nto China and preached and that Thomas also, whose finger ached to\npierce the nail-torn hands of his Master and whose fist was almost\ndoubled that it might be thrust into that pierced side, went down\nto China to preach the everlasting Gospel. Now 75,000 of that\nrace, whose great engineering works were the world\u2019s marvel 250\nyears before the call of Abraham, whose emperor wrote a classic\na thousand years before David touched his sacred pen, are at our\nvery doors; and if it was worth while for Andrew and Thomas to go\nfrom Jerusalem to China it is worth our work to preach to them and\nteach them and call them to us when they are so near, is it not? I\nremember it is written in the prophets, as I suppose Matthew read,\n\u201cEthiopia shall soon stretch out her hands to God,\u201d and Ethiopia\nreceived the preaching of Matthew, so say many. I remember that\nMark founded the church in the upper part of that dark continent.\nI remember that when our blessed Master fainted under the cross\nit was an African who put his brawny shoulder under it and walked\nby the side of our Lord, his Lord, to the crucifixion. And almost\nas a revenge, though not revenge, Simon, the zealot, who looked\nto Africa, was crucified himself in lower Egypt. If these thought\nit worth while to evangelize Africa, what shall we say of the\n7,000,000 of Africa\u2019s sons at our very doors?\n\nThe question now comes: Can we give? Is there money enough to give?\nThere is an article in the \u201cCentury\u201d for November, I think it is,\nwhich states, after computation from two cities of considerable\nsize, that four-fifths of the inhabitants were attendants upon\nchurch services. The figures struck me with absolute astonishment\nand consternation. And, you remember, a year ago it was said\nthat fully one-fifth of all the property in the United States,\naccording to calculation, is held in the hands of Christians. I\nsaw this so late that I had not time to go over it extensively;\nso I took the single city of Worcester. I took the 322 highest\ntax-payers in that city, and I called on a man who I supposed knew\nbest the church-going habits and pew-owning property of these\nleading business men, and I said: \u201cWill you tell me where this one\ngoes and that one goes?\u201d We marked them off last Sunday night,\nand of the whole 322 we found only 65 whom we did not know to be\nchurch-goers; and it is safe to say from the percentage that 25\nof the 65 were church-goers\u2014men who belonged to families that we\nfelt sure would attend the house of God. We knew that 255 attended\nchurch; and adding the 25 that were doubtful, we had 280 out of\n320 of the leading men in the city of Worcester that attend the\nProtestant churches in that city. Take the banks. There are eleven\nbanks in Worcester, and we went over the names of the directors\nand trustees. Out of the entire number (there were two unknown) we\nfound only three individuals that were not represented in a church,\nand two of these were the same man\u2014that is, one was a director in\ntwo banks.\n\nNow, what is the use? Shall we say that the money belongs to the\nevil and the piety to the good? The piety and the money, the heart\nand the gold, are ever in the church. We are reading of a house to\nbe put up in a celebrated watering-place that will cost $750,000.\nI saw that in the city of New York the land where that great\nopera-house is, brought the sum of $700,000. The owner of this\nproperty in either case would keep two great organizations like\nthis going; and I said, \u201cWhat! do we want some of that money that\nis to build that summer resort by the sea?\u201d No, we don\u2019t want it.\n\u201cBut we would like some of that money that is beneath that splendid\nbuilding that is costing its millions?\u201d No; we don\u2019t want it. If\nmen will build houses for self, let the Christian do his work for\nthe Master, and let us outdo the world.\n\nBut I must hasten. There is this demand of the nation upon us.\nIt is said that Robert Peel was riding with his daughter on her\nbirthday\u2014he had given her a splendid riding habit, and the two\nwere admired by all who saw them, and the father looked with pride\nupon his daughter\u2014and in less than a week the daughter was beneath\nthe sod. The seamstress had sewed the habit while sitting by the\nside of the bed of her husband groaning under the delirium of\nthe typhus; and in the chill that came upon him she had cast the\ngarment over him. The typhus of the garret became the typhus of\nthat celebrated house. And we are concerned with the swamps, with\nthe morasses, with these debased and poor colored people. We cannot\nafford to be other. I would, if there were time, enlarge upon this\nin connection with the report so admirably given; but I must pass\non.\n\nIt is said that the Puritan captain Hodgdon was riding one day\nat the head of his company near the mountains when he heard the\nsound of a bugle. As he heard it he said to his soldiers: \u201cHalt!\u201d\nand every man leaned on his arms. \u201cList! I love to hear the sound\nof the bugle: there is so much of God in it.\u201d Yesterday came the\nreport from the counties of Kentucky. It was a bugle-blast to this\nassembly. Was God in it? 500,000 people who could not read their\nnames, though written in characters that might be read 100 rods\noff\u2014500,000 illiterate, ten years of age and above, in Kentucky,\nTennessee and West Virginia! From the mountains there comes the\nsound of the bugle that has stirred us. Did it wake us up? Was God\nin it? I heard a voice in that sound. We are told in our press and\nfrom our platforms that the A. M. A. is not doing full work in the\nSouth, and other helpers must come. Wait. Don\u2019t hurry. The bugle\nhas sounded; it was God that was sounding it. I ask for no vote\nof this assembly. I call for no show of hands. Yet, if you wait\nbefore God, you must answer in the name of this world to his call:\n\u201cI ordain you to go and devote $50,000 to the mountain work, in\nKentucky, Tennessee and West Virginia.\u201d It must be done. There is\nno drawing back.\n\nIt is said that when Robert Bruce was marching to meet Edward, and\ncame within sight of the glittering sheen, he said to his soldiers,\n\u201cKneel down, every one\u201d; and the army of Robert Bruce, with their\neyes to the earth and their lips moving, offered their prayers to\nGod, then rose up\u2014a little army\u2014and defeated the English. It was\nGod\u2019s voice that sounded like a bugle. It is for the soldiers to\npray, and to fall where the bugle calls.\n\nOne other point only, briefly, in regard to this question of the\ndemand that Christ makes on us. We must never establish a condition\nthat he has not established; never set up a standard which he\nhas not set up; but follow him and receive the blessing while we\nfollow. It was the remark of Augustus that he found Rome of brick\nand left it of marble. Our fathers, a century ago, found this\nnation half slave and half free. It is now left a free nation. God\ngrant it may become, by Christian effort, as good as it is free! In\na dark day of our war when the armies were failing, and the hopes\nof the nation were placed in Lincoln and Lincoln lost hope, when\nour courage depended upon him and our flag seemed as if about to be\nrent by an unseen hand\u2014when Lincoln said, \u201cI see no hope\u201d, for the\nrush of the armies seemed away from the South and up back to the\nNorth, Stanton uttered the words that gave courage to his heart:\n\u201cWeary man, don\u2019t you know that the churches of the North are\neverywhere praying for you?\u201d And the weary look passed away from\nhis face, and the smile came back to its wonted place. The children\nof Father Abraham need the prayers of the churches of Christ.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nWHAT THE BIBLE SAYS ABOUT GIVING.\n\nBY REV. WM. M. TAYLOR, D.D.\n\n\nIn his sermon entitled \u201cHow to be a Christian in Trade,\u201d a\ndiscourse which illustrates the wonderful combination of practical\nsagacity with spiritual insight, for which he was so remarkable,\nDr. Bushnell says that \u201cthe great problem we have now on hand is\nthe Christianizing of the money power of the world,\u201d and again\nthat \u201cwhat we wait for, and are looking hopefully to see, is the\nconsecration of the vast money power of the world to the work, and\ncause, and kingdom of Jesus Christ. For that day, when it comes,\nis the morning, so to speak, of the new creation. That tide-wave\nin the money power can as little be resisted when God brings it\non as the tides of the sea; and like these also it will flow\nacross the world in a day.\u201d This witness is true, and it becomes\nus all, to pray and labor for the fulfilment of the prophecy that\nmen shall come, \u201ctheir silver and their gold with them, unto the\nname of the Lord our God.\u201d But here the revival must begin in the\nChurch itself. In former times we have had revivals with distinct\ncharacteristics. One was remarkable for the blessing which rested\non preaching, another for the spirit of prayer which seemed to be\npoured out on the people generally; another for the interest that\nwas evoked in the study of the Scriptures. What we have yet to\nsee is a revival of which the chief distinguishing feature shall\nbe liberal giving to the cause of the Lord Jesus, and when that\ncomes it will be the prophecy of yet grander things for the promise\n\u201cprove me now herewith if I will not open you the windows of heaven\nand pour you out a blessing that there shall not be room enough to\nreceive it,\u201d was made, not in connection with an exhortation to\nprayer, as so many who quote it seem to believe, but with immediate\nreference to the honoring of God with our substance, for thus it\nruns: \u201cBring ye all the tithes into the store-house, and prove\nme now herewith.\u201d While, therefore, it is true that a spirit of\nliberality in the support of the cause of Christ must be a fruit of\nrenewed life in the Church, it is also true that its manifestation\nby the Church will be the forerunner of such spiritual triumphs\nas it has never yet achieved. Thus it is of great moment that we\nshould use means for the awakening of Christians to a sense of the\nimportance of this matter, and few things, in my judgment, would\nmore efficiently contribute to the attainment of that end than\nsetting briefly and pointedly before them the teachings of the word\nof God upon the subject. I cannot hope to cover all that ground in\nthe few minutes now at my disposal; the most I shall attempt will\nbe to take a general survey of it.\n\nBeginning, then, with the act of giving itself, I find that it is\nspoken of as a part of self consecration to God, for when at the\nclose of his reign David brought out in the sight of all the people\nthe treasures which he had amassed for the building of the Temple\nand sought to incite them to make an offering for the same purpose,\nhe said, \u201cWho then is willing to consecrate his service this day\nunto the Lord?\u201d It is regarded as an act of worship, for God\ncommanded his people to \u201ccome into his courts and bring an offering\nwith them.\u201d It is described by Paul as a \u201cgrace.\u201d When writing to\nthe Corinthians he said, \u201cTherefore as ye abound in everything,\nin faith and utterance and knowledge, and in all diligence and\nin your love to us, see that ye abound in this grace also.\u201d Only\nthink of it\u2014\u201cas ye abound in utterance, so abound in this grace\nalso.\u201d What a blessed thing it would be in this America of ours, on\nwhich the gift of tongues seems to have been so lavishly bestowed,\nif Christians generally were as fluent in giving as they are in\nspeech! It is referred to again and again as a \u201ccommunion\u201d in such\npassages as these: \u201cLet him that is taught in the word communicate\nto\u201d\u2014that is, have communion with Him, that teacheth in all good\nthings, \u201cto do good and to communicate forget not,\u201d or, as it might\nbe given more literally, \u201cOf well doing and of communion be not\nforgetful, for with such sacrifices God is well pleased.\u201d In the\nsame sense Paul, who had just received a gift from the Philippians,\nthanks God for their \u201cfellowship,\u201d that is, \u201ccommunion\u201d in the\ngospel from the first day until now; and praises them for having\ndone well in communicating, or rather, for the word is the same, in\nhaving communion with his affliction; while he records it to their\ncredit that no church communicated with him; or, for the word is\nstill the same, \u201chad communion with him in the matter of giving\nand receiving but they only.\u201d To the same effect he says to the\nCorinthians that the churches of Macedonia had begged him to take\nupon him the \u201cfellowship,\u201d\u2014that is, \u201ccommunion\u201d\u2014of ministering to\nthe saints in carrying to Jerusalem their gifts to the poor of that\ncity, and he urges his readers to accept a part in the same service\nthat God might be glorified for \u201ctheir liberal distribution\u201d\u2014that\nis, for the liberality of the communion, for so the word still\nis, \u201cunto them and unto all men.\u201d And to mention only one other\npassage, the same apostle in his Epistle to the Romans bids his\nreaders \u201cdistribute to the necessities of the saints,\u201d\u2014that is, for\nthe word is still the same, \u201chold communion with the necessities\nof the saints.\u201d Thus the making of contributions for benevolence\nin every form of it in which the Church is engaged is as really\na communion service as is the observance of the Lord\u2019s Supper.\nThe same word is used in reference to both, and both alike are\nmanifestations of the oneness of all the people of Christ in their\ncommon Lord. If this were more generally understood and felt by us\nI am sure that we should all have greater enjoyment in that part of\nthe service on which so many look with disfavor, the making of a\ncontribution; for that, as Paul gives us to understand, is only the\nmanifestation by us in another form of the fellowship which we show\nforth when the bread and wine of the supper are passed from hand\nto hand among us. In this view of the case it is to be feared that\nthere are far more \u201c_close_\u201d communionists in the Church than those\nwho are commonly so denominated, and it may be well for us to take\nthe beam out of our own eyes before we seek to become oculists to\nothers.\n\nFurther, this giving is distinctly spoken of in the New Testament\nas a privilege. Remember the words of the Lord Jesus, how He said\n\u201cIt is more blessed,\u201d that is, it is a greater happiness \u201cto give\nthan to receive.\u201d In many enterprises in which men engage the cost\nis more than the profit, \u201cthe play\u201d as the French proverb has it,\n\u201cis not worth the candle,\u201d but here there is always blessing;\nblessing in the consciousness that we have the means of doing good;\nblessing in entering into fellowship with God, whose happiness is\nall that of giving out; and blessing in the fact that the joy of\nthe recipient comes back to us and redoubles our delight.\n\nBut passing now from the act itself to the reward promised to it,\nwe find that set before us in three different ways. It is first,\ntemporal. \u201cHonor the Lord with thy substance, and with the first\nfruits of all thine increase. So shall thy barns be filled with\nplenty and thy presses shall burst out with new wine.\u201d It is,\nsecond, spiritual, for Paul in connection with his exhortation\nto the Corinthians says: \u201cGod is able to make all grace abound\ntoward you, that ye always, having all sufficiency in all things,\nmay abound to every good work being enriched in everything to all\nbountifullness.\u201d Was there ever such a piling of universal terms\none above the other as we have here? It seems as if the apostle\ncould not say enough to strengthen his assertion, and it is all\nsaid in connection with cheerful giving. Nor is this all. He goes\non to say that the gifts of the Corinthians by evoking prayers\non their behalf from the hearts of the receivers, would return\nin blessings into their own bosoms. You know how the process of\nirrigation goes on in nature. All the rivers run into the ocean,\nout of that the sun continually evaporates clouds, which the wind\nblows back over the land, where they fall out in rain on the\nmountains, and go to feed the rivers. Thus evermore the circle\nis kept up and the lands are fertilized. Now in the same way the\ngifts we make to God all run into the furtherance of his cause, and\nare by him lifted up into the celestial region of his grace and\npower, whence they descend again with new blessing into our hearts,\nmaking both ourselves individually and the Church at large joyous\nand productive. Then there is a third reward which is eternal; for\nJesus in the close of the parable of the prudent steward says:\n\u201cMake to yourselves friends of the mammon of unrighteousness that\nwhen ye fail they may receive you into everlasting habitations.\u201d\nMoney will not purchase our entrance into heaven. Nothing can do\nthat but the work of Christ; but the money which out of love to\nChrist we give to his people and his cause will secure that we\nshall be received in heaven by those whom we have been the means\nof benefiting. As we enter they will take us by the hand and\nlead us up to Him that sitteth on the throne, saying: This is he\nwhose efforts and whose gifts were, under thee, the means of our\nbeing here; let it be done unto him as unto the man whom the King\ndelighteth to honor. And he will reply: Well done! \u201cInasmuch as ye\ndid it unto one of the least of these my brethren ye did it unto\nme.\u201d\n\nThen as to the manner of the giving. We are told that it should\nbe cheerful, for God loveth a cheerful giver. It should be no\nstereotyped and immutable thing, the same through life, but \u201cas\nGod has prospered us.\u201d It should be systematic, as the result of\ncareful thought and weekly planning on the Lord\u2019s day, under the\ninfluence of the memory of His resurrection. For it was after his\ngreat argument on the resurrection that Paul said \u201cnow concerning\nthe collection,\u201d and it was because of its connection with that\nresurrection that he specified \u201cthe first day of the week\u201d as\nthat on which every one should \u201clay by him in store as God hath\nprospered him.\u201d Weekly storing in the Lord\u2019s box at home on the\nLord\u2019s day, that is what Paul recommends, and then when the Lord\nmakes his appeal to us we can cheerfully give Him of His own. In\nthe neglect of this plan, and the making of gatherings for this\nand that cause as each comes along, we have the explanation of\nthe disfavor with which, in the public service, too many hear the\nannouncement that a contribution will be made.\n\nBut now, finally, as to the motive. Here it is: \u201cFor ye know the\ngrace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that though he was rich, yet for\nyour sakes he became poor that ye through his poverty might be\nrich.\u201d The bringing of such a motive to bear on so simple a thing\nas the making of a contribution for the poor saints of Jerusalem\nseems like cracking a nut with a Nasmyth steam hammer. But Paul\nknew what he was doing when he dictated these words. He wanted to\nexalt and consecrate all Christian beneficence by having it done\nfrom the most powerful Christian motive. And after the presentation\nof such a motive there is no more to be said. For when men know\nthe grace of Christ, they will never feel that they have given Him\nenough, and till they know it they will never give _Him_ anything.\nThey may contribute to keep up appearances so as to be like other\npeople, or to gain a reputation, but they will never give to _Him_\nuntil they know His grace. This is the very pith and marrow of the\nmatter. Before men give to Christ they must receive from him, and\nwhen they have received Christ Himself into their hearts they will\nbe impelled to give. _Im_pelled, not _com_pelled; for the delight\nand the duty will coincide, or rather the duty will be merged in\nthe delight. So we come round to the point at which we set out. A\nrevived church will become a giving church, and a giving church is\nthe fore-herald of a converted world.\n\nHow much owest thou thy Lord? That is the question which the giver\nhas to face. Sometimes in commercial circles a man will assign a\ndebt that is owing him to some one else, out of friendship, that\nhe may take it when he has collected it and use it for himself.\nMuch in the same way, I think, the Lord Jesus has assigned a large\nportion of the debt which we owe to him to those who are around\nus\u2014to the unconverted at our doors, to those races among whom you\nlabor, to the pagans far away. This was what Paul felt when he\nsaid, \u201cI am debtor, both to the wise and to the unwise, both to the\nGreek and to the Barbarian\u201d; and it was the constant feeling of\nthat sense of obligation that gave his life its nobleness and its\nusefulness. So let it be with us; and let us see in those for whom\nappeal is made to us through this Association, the representatives\nof Christ.\n\nThere is a beautiful story told in Stevenson\u2019s \u201cPraying and\nWorking.\u201d I am very fond of repeating it\u2014I may have told it to\nsome of you before, but no matter\u2014about a little child in the\norphanage of John Falk at Weimar. They were having supper in the\ndining-hall, and the teacher gave thanks in the ordinary way before\nthe children began their meals, saying, \u201cCome, Lord Jesus, and be\nour guest to-night, and bless the mercies which Thou has provided.\u201d\nOne little boy looked up and said, \u201cTeacher, you always ask the\nLord Jesus to come, but he never comes. Will he ever come?\u201d \u201cOh,\nyes; if you will only hold on in faith, he will be sure to come.\u201d\n\u201cVery well,\u201d said the little boy, \u201cI will set a chair for him\nbeside me here to-night to be ready when he comes.\u201d And so the meal\nproceeded. By-and-by there came a rap at the door, and there was\nushered in a poor half-frozen apprentice. He was taken to the fire\nand his hands warmed. Then he was asked to partake of the meal,\nand where should he go but to the chair which the little boy had\nprovided? and as he sat down there the little boy looked up with a\nlight in his eye, and said, \u201cTeacher, I see it now! The Lord Jesus\nwas not able to come himself, and he sent this poor man in his\nplace. Isn\u2019t that it?\u201d\n\nAye, that is just it. And so, brethren, the Lord Jesus isn\u2019t able,\naccording to His plans for this world, to come personally yet among\nus, but He has sent those colored people, Chinese, Indians and\nheathen to make appeal in His behalf to us, and who among us will\nset a chair for Him? There are many friends with whom I hardly\nagree who are very anxiously waiting for the appearance of the\npersonal Christ among us, and they are wondering what they shall\ndo to welcome Him. Would that the eyes of these brethren and our\nown too were opened to the perception of the Christ that is already\nhere, in the persons of those needing to be helped and educated and\nelevated, and that their ears could hear His words, \u201cInasmuch as\nye do it unto one of the least of these His brethren ye do it unto\nChrist.\u201d\n\nThat is the Christian philosophy of giving, and if a man does not\nfeel the force of these considerations I should be disposed to say\nhe has not yet begun to be a Christian.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nADDRESS OF REV. DR. DENNEN.\n\n\nThe topic of this closing service is not only of prime importance,\nbut comes in its logical place. When your machinery is all\neducational, industrial and church-wise, the final and vital\nquestion is one of power to move it. The supreme motive power in\nyour work is _spiritual life_.\n\nLife is force, something capable of originating or resisting power\nor motion. Physical life is that mysterious something no analysis\ncan detect, no alembic reveal, no power resist; which swells the\nbud, opens the flower, sprouts the seed, ripens the harvest.\n\nSpiritual life, through another plane, is also a force, capable of\noriginating or resisting power or motion. Its realm is the human\nsoul, and draws nutriment from the soil, which that cunning chemist\nwe call life builds up into strength and beauty.\n\nSpiritual vitality performs a similar structural function. Once\nmade alive in Christ Jesus, the disciple seeks for spiritual\naliment.\n\n1. Now, spiritual life, like natural life, possesses _structural\npower_. It is a master builder. One main function of the vital\nprinciple in nature is to lay hold of inert matter and convert it\ninto living organisms. The growing tree absorbs tons of carbon\nfrom the air. The local church, if a live one, takes up into her\nmembership more or less of the outlying population, and from aliens\nconverts them into fellow citizens of the saints and members of the\nhousehold of faith.\n\nThe ability, then, of this noble Association, second to none in\nthe land, to advance the kingdom of Christ in the several fields\nwhere it operates, will assuredly be conditioned upon the spirit\nand vigor of the churches and individuals behind it, will be\ndetermined, not so much by the amount of money it receives or the\nnumber of workers it puts into the field, as by the prayers and\nspiritual enthusiasm of its constituency.\n\nCarlyle once said: \u201cThe American Republic is going straight to the\ndevil. No government can long exist that receives the refuse of all\nthe rest of the world into its midst and makes citizens of them.\u201d\nOur free institutions are to undergo a strain in the near future,\nI am sure, that has never yet been put upon them. Our American\nchurches are also to be put to a similar strain. Nay, the pressure\nis already upon them. Are they equal to it? I believe so. We must,\nhowever, leaven the multitudes of the ignorant and unsaved with our\nChristianity, or they will leaven us with their illiteracy. Our\nability to meet the emergency already upon us will depend, under\nGod, upon our spiritual vitality.\n\n2. Another function of life is its expulsive power. What it cannot\nuse and assimilate it expels. It gathers the good and casts the bad\naway. Strong, vigorous life depends as much upon the one function\nas the other. The religious world is full of the germs and larv\u00e6\nof skepticism, theistic and atheistic assaults and criticisms. A\nrobust person can walk in the midst of pestilence unscathed, while\ndisease springs upon one whose vitality is depressed. Precisely the\nsame condition obtains in respect to the individual disciple, or\nthe church, or our missionary boards.\n\nThe one effective answer to skepticism, then, of every grade and\ndegree of virulence; the one sovereign remedy for worldliness,\napathy and avarice of God\u2019s people, is a new enduement of spiritual\npower. Our lips must be touched with celestial fire and our hearts\nbathed in Christ\u2019s great love.\n\n3. Another quality of life is its expansive power. The mightiest\nforce in this world is life. It mocks at gravity; it defies\ncohesion; bursts every band. The same expansive property inheres in\nspiritual life.\n\nYou might as well shut up a growing chicken in its shell as to\nshut up a live Christianity in the shell of the fathers. No. Where\nthere is life there must be expansion. She breaks through old\ntraditions and prejudices, and steps out into new departures and\nbroader methods, and pushes on into new regions of thought and\nconquest beyond. She lays her hand on the colored man of the South,\nsaves, educates him, equips him for the life that now is, as well\nas for that which is to come. She stands on the shores of the great\nPacific, where the shining waves lave her feet and chant their\nmighty anthems of freedom, and, with open, arms and a catholic\nheart, free of all race prejudices, welcomes the Chinaman. She\nuncovers the cross in the wigwam of the red man and bids the dusky\nsons of the forest look and live.\n\n4. Once more spiritual life is the only complete bond of union.\nSays President Hopkins, \u201cIt is on this that the whole method of God\nin the restoration of man is based, and it is for the recognition\nof this by men, and their adoption of God\u2019s method of vitality and\nunity, the tardy, laboring and discordant times wait. No partial\nreform will do; no coming man. Everywhere men are divergent,\nrepellant. The bond of common humanity is but a string of tow to\nbind the Samson of human selfishness and passions. There must be\na divine life, a divine centre. This center is Christ. He is the\nlife. The nexus which is to bind this selfish world in one, and\nunite all races and nationalities in one common fellowship and\nforward movement to disciple the world, is Christ in the souls of\nall men. Amid every diversity of polity and people, He is the one\nvivifying and unifying spirit.\n\n5. The principal question, however, is one of means. How is this\nlife to be secured? To get fresh water we go to the spring. To get\ninformation we go to the sources of knowledge. To get spiritual\nvitality we go to Christ. Life in nature is the product of living\norganisms in contact. The strength and continuance of that life\ndepends upon the closeness of the contact. The steel must touch the\nmagnet to receive and retain magnetism.\n\nSo spiritual life and zeal comes from contact with a living Christ.\nThe strength and fervor of that life is forever conditioned upon\nthe closeness of our contact with our living Head.\n\nNo one thing so lowers spiritual heat and light as distance from\nChrist. Neptune has not a thousandth part of our light and warmth.\nHe is too far away from the central orb. We are just now too far\naway from Christ; hence our comparative barrenness. We must sit\nwhere the fire and inspiration of His eye kindle in ours; where his\nglowing enthusiasm passes over into us; where the greatness and\ngrandeur of the work He has given us to do shall thrill us and grow\nupon us. Then we shall mount to its accomplishment on the wings of\neagles, and run and not be weary, and walk and not faint.\n\nNever had this Association more call for enthusiasm, never for\ngreater hopefulness. What did we see here last night\u2014the black man\nand red man, men from Asia and Africa and America, strangers and\nproselytes, speak in their own tongues the wonderful works of God.\n\nI cheer you on to the labor of another year. As we go down from\nthis mount let us go to our upper chambers and, whether for eight\ndays or as many weeks, let us tarry and pray until we are endued\nfrom on high and receive the tongues of flame and the utterance of\nthe Spirit. Then let us, in our various fields, gird up our loins\nand go forth to achieve for the Lord of Hosts, resolved that before\nanother anniversary of this Association comes round we will, God\nhelping us, see thousands housed and happy in Christ\u2019s dear love\nall over our beloved land of very race and color.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nADDRESS OF PROF. W. M. BARBOUR, D.D.\n\n\nThe topic assigned me is in the line of the theme just discussed\nby Dr. Dennen. My friend and classmate Dr. Pike insisted upon my\ncoming over here and taking part in this evening meeting; and\nhe said, \u201cYour theme will be: Spiritual Vitality the Crowning\nNecessity in Missionary Work.\u201d\n\nI shall take it for granted that other means have been set before\nyou and insisted upon\u2014the one nearest always, money. That is a\ngreat necessity in missionary work. You have heard, I have no\ndoubt, a good deal about that, and I merely wish to honor it as a\nmeans under God of the most pressing necessity. We can do nothing\nto send the blessings that God has put into our hearts abroad among\nour fellow men without means; and the first means is money. But all\nthe money in the world will not serve our end. What is the next?\nWe must have men. But all the men in the world won\u2019t do missionary\nwork, although we had them all enlisted in that work. Suppose\nwe had all the money we could use and all the men that offered\nthemselves and that we could procure; we would only have gone so\nfar. What else is needed? We need fitness in the men as another\ngreat means. This is as necessary as money and men, this culture.\nBut after we have the men, and after we have them qualified, there\nis still room for what in my theme to-night is called \u201cthe crowning\nnecessity.\u201d You may take Yale College as it stands, with all its\nculture, and you may turn out all our hundreds of young men down\ninto the South this blessed night; what could they do in missionary\nwork to-morrow morning? So you see that it is not the money, or the\nmen, or the culture that alone is needed; something more is needed,\nand that is \u201cspiritual vitality.\u201d\n\nAnd now, beloved, to take the first step and to say the first thing\nthat must be said, in my judgment (since I am called here to give\nmy opinion), the first position that we must assume and which this\nAssociation has assumed from its very start\u2014although it is one of\nthe old things that Christ says a well-instructed scribe must take\nout of his treasury\u2014we must begin with God. We are to stand in\nhis presence, we are to summon him as our witness, we are to avow\nourselves openly and frankly, every day we live, as doing this for\nhim.\n\nI should like to know where our modern unbelief is that is such\na distress to us in all our efforts and in our inward life, when\nyou reverently, and in the deep meaning of thought say, \u201cAs the\nLord liveth\u201d? Look at it. There are two schemes of the universe:\none, the Christian scheme, with a belief in the living God as\nthe original of all things\u2014a personal being who is personally\ninterested in his creatures, and who is desiring, since he has made\nhim in his own image, to have man hold communion with himself, and\nwho desires to have all men reconciled to himself from their sin\nand their misery and their unhappy life. There is another scheme\nwhere there is no God, or, what is the same thing to us, we do not\nknow whether there is or not. And what is the idea of the universe\nthat follows from that? Why, that it must move along as the blind\nforce behind it shall urge it. Where is it going to land? The day\nis coming, brethren, when we will cry, \u201cOh for the doctrine of a\npredestinating God\u201d\u2014God with his eye on an end, and with an end to\nwhich he is turning all things and which shall be satisfactory to\nall the creatures that he has made in his image.\n\nLet us take a frank position here as a missionary society, and let\nit be known that we openly and avowedly, by word and deed, take the\nstand that we believe in God, and that we believe he is a living\nGod, and in his name and for his sake and to effect his purpose we\nare going to the South, to the North, to the East, to the West, to\ngain trophies that shall be to the glory of his redeeming grace,\nsince he has revealed to us, as we believe, the fact that he will\ncomplete these ends through our agency.\n\n\n\n\nRECEIPTS FOR OCTOBER, 1883.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n  MAINE, $391.80.\n\n    Banger. Hammond St. Ch., 100; First Cong. Ch.\n      20                                                    $120.00\n    Bethel. Second Cong. Sab. Sch.                            10.00\n    Brunswick. Mrs. S. C. F. Hammond, _for Student\n      Aid, Atlanta U._                                        25.00\n    Cumberland. Cong. Ch. and Soc. to const. CAPT.\n      REUBEN BLANCHARD L. M.                                  40.00\n    Hampden. Charles E. Hicks.                                 7.00\n    Lovell. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                                 6.00\n    North Anson. \u201cA Friend\u201d                                   10.00\n    Portland. Second Parish Ch. and Soc.                      86.30\n    South Berwick. Hugh and Philip Lewis.                      6.00\n    Westbrook. Second Cong. Ch. to Const. REV.\n      EDWARD E. BACON L. M.                                   46.50\n                                                            \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\n                                                            $356.80\n\n    LEGACY.\n\n    Bethel. Estate of Sarah W. Chapman by A. W.\n      Valentine, Ex.                                          35.00\n                                                            \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\n                                                             391.80\n\n\n  NEW HAMPSHIRE, $69.02.\n\n    Amherst. Cong. Ch.                                        12.98\n    Campton. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                               18.04\n    Colebrook. \u201cE. C. & W.\u201d                                    2.00\n    Concord. Dea. McQuesten, _for Student Aid,\n      Atlanta U._                                             10.00\n    Concord. Miss Lancaster, _for Fort Berthold_.              2.00\n    Greenville. Cong. Ch.                                     10.00\n    Hampstead. Cong. Ch. and Soc., ad\u2019l.                       9.00\n    Manchester. First Cong. Ch. and Soc., 64.94 to\n      const. HOLMES R. PETTEE and H. W. HERRICK,\n      L. Ms. Incorrectly ack. in Nov. number from\n      Mass.\n    Tilton. A. H. Colby.                                       5.00\n\n\n  VERMONT, $540.02.\n\n    Attleborough. Second Cong. Ch. and Soc.                   90.72\n    Benson. Cong. Sab. Sch., _for Student Aid,\n      Atlanta U._                                              5.00\n    Brattleborough. Cong. Ch.                                 39.58\n    Burlington. Winooski Av. Cong. Ch.                       107.28\n    Castleton. W. C. Guernsey.                                 4.50\n    Enosburg. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                              26.25\n    Granby and Victory. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                     3.00\n    Manchester. Ladies\u2019 Benev. Soc., 2 Bbls. of C,\n      _for Raleigh, N.C._ 1 Bbl. _for Atlanta U._\n    Newport. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                               15.00\n    Norwich. Ashley Blodgett.                                  5.00\n    Saint Johnsbury. North Cong. Ch.                         168.00\n    Saint Johnsbury. North Cong. Sab. Sch., _for\n      S. S. Work_.                                            26.00\n    Wells River. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                           23.25\n    Westminster West. \u201cA Friend.\u201d                              5.00\n    Weybridge. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                             16.44\n                                                            \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\n                                                            $535.02\n\n    LEGACY.\n\n    Wilmington. Estate of Mary Ray.                            5.00\n                                                            \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\n                                                            $540.02\n\n\n  MASSACHUSETTS $3,528.10.\n\n    Agawam. Cong. Ch.                                          6.00\n    Ashby. \u201cA Friend\u201d _for Student Aid, Atlanta U._            5.00\n    Boston. Mrs. C. A. Spaulding, _for Student\n      Aid, Talladega C._                                      50.00\n    Boston. Miss Faxon, _for Fort Berthold_.                   1.00\n    Boxborough. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                            20.00\n    Braintree. First Cong. Ch. and Soc.                       12.05\n    Brookline. S. C. Dizer, _for Student Aid,\n      Tougaloo U._ and to const. himself L. M.               100.00\n    Brookline. Harvard Ch. and Soc.                           76.33\n    Buckland. Dea. S. Trowbridge.                             10.00\n    Campello. Orthodox Cong. Ch. and Soc. ad\u2019l to\n      const. REV. AND MRS. JOHN F. BLADES, LEWIS\n      D. DOTEN AND GEO. W. PACKARD L. Ms.                     95.73\n    Charlestown. Winthrop Ch. and Soc.                        66.48\n    Chelsea. Concert, under auspices of Ladies\u2019\n      Union Home Mission Band, _for Student Aid,\n      Hampton N. and A. Inst._                                54.00\n    Chelsea. Miss Annie P. James, _for Student\n      Aid, Atlanta U._ and to const. W. H.\n      SINGLETON L. M.                                         30.00\n    Chelsea. \u201cFriends\u201d Books _for Library,\n      Chattanooga, Tenn._\n    Coleraine. Mr. and Mrs. Wm. B. McGee, 4; John\n      Gilchrist, 1.                                            5.00\n    Concord. Rev. H. M. Grout, D.D., and Others,\n      _for Atlanta U._                                        40.50\n    Concord. Trin. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                         30.00\n    Dalton. Cong. Sab. Sch. _for Student Aid,\n      Atlanta U._                                             50.00\n    Danvers. First Cong. Ch. and Soc. to const.\n      WILLIAM SINER, JR., HENRY A. WHITE and\n      GEORGE A. PEABODY L. M.\u2019s.                             100.00\n    East Boston. Mrs. Joseph Robbins, _Bdl. of\n      Goods, for Dakota M._\n    Fitchburg. Rollstone Ch. and Soc.                        140.00\n    Gardner. First Cong. Ch. and Soc.                         30.00\n    Gloucester. Evan. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                      20.00\n    Granby. Cong. Ch., Children\u2019s Mission Circle,\n      _for Tillotson C. and N. Inst. Building_.               45.00\n    Hadley. E. Porter.                                        10.00\n    Hanover Four Corners. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                   7.46\n    Hardwick. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                               5.00\n    Harvard. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                               18.50\n    Hyde Park. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                             20.00\n    Indian Orchard. Evan. Ch. and Soc.                        19.22\n    Jamaica Plain. Cong. Ch. and Soc., in part.              160.00\n    Lancaster. Evan. Cong. Ch. and Soc., ad\u2019l.                10.00\n    Lincoln. George Ropes, _for Atlanta U._                   25.00\n    Lincoln. Cong. Sab. Sch., _for Student Aid,\n      Atlanta U._                                             20.00\n    Lowell. First Cong. Ch., _for Atlanta U._                 13.75\n    Malden. First Cong. Ch. and Soc., 40.68; \u201cA\n      Friend,\u201d 1.                                             41.68\n    Medford. \u201cA Friend.\u201d                                       5.00\n    Millbury. Second Cong. Ch. to const. REV. JOHN\n      L. EWELL L. M.                                          30.00\n    Natick. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                                25.00\n    New Bedford. Miss Helen M. Leonard.                        1.00\n    Newton. Eliot Ch. and Soc.                               100.00\n    Newton Center. First Cong. Ch. and Soc.                   68.68\n    North Hadley. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                           5.25\n    Northamption. A. L. Williston, 500; First\n      Cong. Ch., 247.68; Edwards Ch. Benev. Soc.\n      64.                                                    811.68\n    North Leominster. Mrs. S. F. Houghton.                     5.00\n    Oxford. First Cong. Ch. and Soc.                          22.26\n    Pepperell. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                             12.36\n    Phillipston. Ladies Benev. Soc Bdl. C.\n    Pittsfield. Rev. C. V. SPEAR to const.\n      himself, GEO. N. SPEAR and MRS. ELLEN M.\n      SPEAR L. Ms.                                           250.00\n    Roxbury. Walnut Av. Cong. Sab. Sch. _for\n      Student Aid, Tougaloo U._                               17.70\n    Roxbury. Mrs. P. N. Livermore.                             1.00\n    Shirley Village. 500 copies \u201cYouth\u2019s\n      Companion\u201d by Miss Nettie A. Dickson, _for\n      Marietta, Ga._\n    South Amherst. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                           5.6\n    Southampton. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                            41.2\n    South Attleborough. Mrs. Harriet L. Draper, 2\n      and Bbl. of C.                                           2.00\n    Southborough. Pilgrim Cong. Ch. and Soc.                  15.10\n    South Hadley. First Cong. Ch. and Soc.                    25.00\n    South Sudbury. Ladies\u2019 Home Miss\u2019y Soc. Bbl of\n      C., val., 34.17, _for Atlanta U._\n    Southville. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                             8.40\n    South Weymouth. Second Cong. Ch. and Soc., 51;\n      to const. AUGUSTINE LOUD and J. NEWTON DYER\n      L. Ms.; Ladies Mission Soc. of Second Ch.,\n      14.                                                     65.00\n    South Weymouth. Mrs. Lysander Heald\u2019s S. S.\n      Class., Second Ch., 10, _for Student Aid,\n      Talladega C._; Marion Heald, 1 _for a little\n      girl_                                                   11.00\n    Spencer. Mrs. G. H. Marsh\u2019s Class Cong. Sab.\n      Sch., 5; G. E. Manley, 5, _for Student Aid,\n      Talladega C._                                           10.00\n    Springfield. South Cong. Ch. 32.38; First\n      Cong. Ch., 24.85                                        57.23\n    Stoneham. Cong. Ch. and Soc., _for Student\n      Aid, Atlanta U._                                        17.00\n    Uxbridge. Evan. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                        14.00\n    Wakefield. Mission Workers, 45; Cong. Sab.\n      Sch., 16, _for Student Aid, Atlanta U._                 61.00\n    Walpole. Orthodox Cong. Ch. and Soc., to\n      const. Dea.  WILLARD LEWIS L. M.                        35.30\n    Warren. Mrs. Joseph Ramsdell, _for Chinese M._             5.00\n    Westborough. \u201cA Friend.\u201d                                  43.00\n    West Boxford. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                          11.00\n    Westfield. Second Cong. Ch. Soc.                          58.00\n    Westford. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                               7.00\n    West Granville. Cong. Ch.                                  8.00\n    Westhampton. Cong. Ch.                                    13.00\n    Westport. Pacific Union Sab. Sch.                          2.12\n    Whately. Cong. Ch.                                         7.83\n    Worcester. Union Ch. and Soc., 139; Old South\n      Ch. and Soc. 41.63 to const. H. H. MERRIAM\n      L. M.; Central Ch. and Soc. 51.98; \u201cA\n      Friend,\u201d 25                                            257.61\n    Yarmouth. Roy A. Eldridge, D.D.                           50.00\n    \u2014\u2014\u2014 \u201cA Friend.\u201d                                            5.00\n\n\n  RHODE ISLAND, $1,063.18.\n\n    Pawtucket. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                             75.00\n    Providence. Central Cong. Ch. 800; Pilgrim\n      Cong. Ch. and Soc., 115; \u201cA Friend,\u201d 50.00;\n      North. Cong Ch. 23.13                                  988.13\n\n\n  CONNECTICUT, $2,676.75.\n\n    East Windsor. First Cong. Ch. and Soc.                    10.00\n    Elliott. Wm. Osgood                                        2.00\n    East Avon. Cong. Ch.                                      38.00\n    Berlin. Second Cong. Ch.                                  19.97\n    Bozrahville. Cong. Ch.                                     5.00\n    Bridgeport. South Ch. Sab. Sch., Box S. S.\n      Books, _for Tillotson C. & N. Inst._\n    Derby. First Cong. Ch.                                    30.00\n    Fair Haven. First Ch.                                     50.00\n    Farmington. Cong. Sab. Sch., _for Santee\n      Agency, Neb._                                          128.51\n    Farmington. Cong. Ch.                                     59.77\n    Franklin. Cong. Ch.                                       13.29\n    Glastenbury. First Cong. Ch. and Soc.                    150.00\n    Granby. First Cong. Ch.                                    8.95\n    Hebron. J. and Mary Porter _for Tillotson C. &\n      N. Inst._                                               10.00\n    Jewett City. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                           15.00\n    Manchester. Second Cong. Ch.                              75.00\n    Milford. Plymouth Ch. Sab. Sch. _for Tillotson\n      C. & N. Inst._ and to const. S. E. FRISBIE\n      L. M.                                                   32.00\n    Mount Carmel. Mrs. J. M. Smith                            10.00\n    New Hartford. North Cong. Ch.                             17.50\n    New Hartford. Rev. F. H. Adams\u2019 S. S. Class,\n      11; John Richards\u2019 S. S. Class, 9, _for Fisk\n      U._                                                     20.00\n    New Haven. Third Cong. Ch., 23; Howard Ave.\n      Ch., 9.22                                               32.22\n    Norfolk. \u201cA Friend,\u201d _for Santee Agency_                   5.00\n    North Stonington. D. R. Wheeler                           10.00\n    Norwich. Second Cong. Ch.                                175.43\n    Plainfield. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                            26.40\n    Poquonock. Cong. Ch.                                      12.59\n    Rocky Hill. Cong. Ch.                                     23.72\n    Rockville. Second Cong. Ch.                              103.59\n    South Killingly. Cong. Ch.                                14.00\n    Stratford. \u201cA Friend\u201d                                      1.00\n    Thomaston. Cong. Ch.                                      52.32\n    Thompsonville. Cong. Sab. Sch., _for\n      furnishing a room, Whitin Hall, Straight U._            35.00\n    Torrington. Third Cong. Ch. and Soc.                      29.25\n    Wallingford. Cong. Sab. Sch., _for Tillotson\n      C. and N. Inst. Building_                               60.00\n    Wapping. F. W. Gilbert, for _Tillotson C. and\n      N. Inst._                                               12.07\n    Watertown. Cong. Ch. and Soc.                             37.55\n    Windsor. Cong. Ch.                                       105.00\n    Winchester. \u201cA Friend\u201d                                    10.00\n    Wethersfield. Rev. G. J. Tillotson, _for\n      Tillotson C. and N. Inst. Building_                    150.00\n                                                           \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\n                                                          $1,590.13\n\n\n    LEGACIES.\n    Ellington. Estate of Maria Pitkin, by Edwin\n      Talcott. Ex.                                           190.00\n    Woodbridge. Estate of Mrs. Eliza Carrington              896.62\n                                                           \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\n                                                          $2,676.75\n\n\n  NEW YORK, $422.05.\n\n    Brasher Falls. Elijah Wood, $15; Mrs. Eliza A.\n      Bell, $3.                                               18.00\n    Brooklyn, E. D. New England Cong. Ch.                     25.00\n    Deansville. Cong. Ch.                                     15.05\n    East Wilson. Rev. H. Halsey, $30; Chas. E.\n      Clarke, $3.                                             33.00\n    Elmira. Miss Clara Thurston.                               5.00\n    Hamilton. O. S. Campbell.                                  5.00\n    Homer. Cong. C., $132.50; B. W. Payne, $10.              142.50\n    Lysander. Cong. Ch.                                       26.00\n    Middletown. First Cong. Ch.                               16.26\n    New Haven. Cong. Ch.                                      15.00\n    North Pitcher. Cong. Ch.                                   5.81\n    New York. American Bible Soc., Grant of\n      Scriptures, val. $307.50.\n    Nunda. \u201cA Friend\u201d ($5 of which _for Chinese\n      M._)                                                    15.00\n    Pompey. Mrs. Lucy Child, _for Indian Youth,\n      Hampton N. & A. Inst._                                   5.00\n    Poughkeepsie. Mrs. M. J. Myers, _for Emerson\n      Inst., Mobile, Ala._                                    20.00\n    Pitcher. Cong. Ch.                                        25.00\n    Sinclairville. Earl C. Preston.                            2.00\n    Syracuse. C. A. Hamlin.                                   12.25\n    Volney. Ludington Sab. Sch.                                5.08\n    West Winfield. Cong. Ch., to const. AARON\n      ADELBERT LEACH L. M.                                    31.10\n\n\n  NEW JERSEY, $565.53.\n\n    Chester. First Cong. Ch., $21.89, and Sab.\n      Sch., $6.52.                                            28.21\n    East Orange. Trinity Cong. Ch.                           137.32\n    Paterson. Mrs. Sarah A. Cook, _for Tillotson\n      C. & N. Inst._                                         400.00\n\n\n  PENNSYLVANIA, $7.00.\n\n    New Castle. John Burgess.                                  5.00\n    Philadelphia. \u201cM.\u201d                                         2.00\n\n\n  OHIO, $791.41.\n\n    Berlin Heights. Cong. Ch.                                  4.26\n    Cleveland. T. P. Handy, $20; James Harmer,\n      $20; Misses S. and A. Walworth,\n      $30;\u2014Whitney. $1; _for Parsonage, Topeka,\n      Kan._                                                   71.00\n    Columbus. Eastwood Cong. Ch. $10; and Sab.\n      Sch., $5.70.                                            15.70\n    Elyria. First Cong. Ch. Sab. Sch., $40; Cong.\n      Ch., \u201cM. W. C.,\u201d $10; Individual, $9.                   59.00\n    Fort Recovery. Pisgah Cong. Ch.                            3.00\n    Lafayette. Cong. Ch.                                       6.00\n    Medina. Woman\u2019s Miss\u2019y Soc.                               20.00\n    Oberlin. Second Cong. Ch.                                 35.60\n    Painesville. Woman\u2019s Missionary Soc., $20,\n      _for Indian M._, and $10 _for Chinese M._\n      Incorrectly ack. from Mrs. L. A. M. Little\n      in Nov. number.\n    Pittsfield. A Friend.                                     12.00\n    Springfield. Mrs. Warren\u2019s Sab. Sch. Class of\n      Young Men.                                               5.00\n    Steuben. Levi Platt.                                       1.00\n    Strongsville. First Cong. Ch.                             10.00\n    Tallmadge. C. P. Parmelee.                                 5.00\n    Wauseon. Cong. Ch.                                        17.50\n    Wilberforce. Mrs. Joseph Morrow.                           5.00\n    York. Cong. Ch.                                           20.35\n    Youngstown. Mrs. Whitney.                                  1.00\n                                                            \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\n                                                            $291.41\n\n    LEGACY.\n\n    Cleveland. Estate of Brewster Pelton, by John\n      G. Jennings, Ex.                                       500.00\n                                                             \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\n                                                            $791.41\n\n\n  INDIANA, $50.87.\n\n    Liber. Cong. Ch.                                           1.68\n    Michigan City. Cong. Ch.                                  37.00\n    Michigan City. Mrs. C. W. Peck _for Student\n      Aid, Atlanta U._                                        10.00\n    Michigan City. \u201cRalph and Daisy,\u201d 1.69;\n      \u201cGolden Links,\u201d 50c. _for Student Aid,\n      Storrs\u2019 Sch., Atlanta. Ga_                               2.19\n\n\n  ILLINOIS, $819.54.\n\n    Albion. Olive Sab. Sch., $2.50; Mr. and Mrs.\n      James Green. $2.                                         4.50\n    Byron. Cong. Ch.                                           9.17\n    Carthage. Mrs. Sophia Miller.                              1.50\n    Chicago. First Cong. Ch. $197.21; \u201cA\n      Chicagoan,\u201d 100; N. E. Cong. Ch., 79.83.               377.04\n    Chicago. Young Ladies Miss\u2019y Soc., of U. P.\n      Ch., 17.79, _for Dakota M._; Miss Julia F.\n      White, 5, _for Printing Press, Santee\n      Agency_.                                                22.79\n    Chicago. Mrs. W. C. Kent, 5; Clinton St. Sab.\n      Sch., 4.37, _for Student Aid, Storrs\u2019 Sch.\n      Atlanta, Ga._                                            9.37\n    Chicago. E. W. Blatchford, 8 Pails of Paint,\n      _for Parsonage, Topeka, Kan._\n    De Kalb. Cong. Ch.                                         3.00\n    Elgin. Cong. Ch.                                          30.00\n    Evanston. Cong. Ch., ad\u2019l.                                10.00\n    Galesburg. Mrs. Julia F. Wells.                           25.00\n    Galva. Cong. Ch.                                          22.45\n    Ivanhoe. Young Men\u2019s Miss\u2019y Soc.                           2.00\n    Lombard. Woman\u2019s Miss\u2019y Soc.                               1.44\n    Lisbon. Cong. Ch., _for Savannah, Ga._                    10.00\n    Mendon. Mrs. J. Fowler, _for Chinese M._ and\n      to const. REV. EDWARD C. CRANE, L. M.                   30.00\n    North Hampton. R. W. Gilliam.                              5.00\n    Oak Park. Ladies of Cong. Ch., _for Lady\n      Miss\u2019y, Little Rock, Ark._                              52.50\n    Oak Park. Mr. Packard\u2019s Sab. Sch., Boys, _for\n      Student Aid, Talladega C._                              25.00\n    Paxton. Cong. Ch.                                         28.00\n    Port Byron. Mission Circle of Cong. Ch., _for\n      Lady Missionaries, Mobile, Ala., and Little\n      Rock, Ark._                                             10.00\n    Princeton. Mrs. P. B. Corss ($10 of which _for\n      Chinese M._)                                            20.00\n    Prospect Park. Ladies of Cong. Ch., _for Lady\n      Missionary at Mobile, Ala., and Little Rock,\n      Ark._                                                    6.00\n    Sheffield. Cong. Sab. Sch.                                 1.33\n    Thomasborough. H. M. Seymour.                              1.00\n    Waverly. Cong. Sab. Sch.                                  12.45\n                                                            \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\n                                                            $719.54\n\n    LEGACY.\n\n    Forrest. Estate of Mrs. Mary Stewart, by S. A.\n      Hoyt, Ex.                                              100.00\n                                                            \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\n                                                            $819.54\n\n\n  MICHIGAN, $242.08.\n\n    Adrian. A. J. Hood.                                       10.00\n    Almont. Cong. Ch.                                         25.30\n    Alpena. \u201cA Friend,\u201d $30; Woman\u2019s Miss\u2019y Soc.,\n      $30; E. K. Potter, $25., _for Student Aid,\n      Atlanta U._                                             85.00\n    Benzonia. Amasa Waters.                                   10.00\n    Battle Creek. Miss Julia E. Williams.                      5.00\n    Edwardsburg. S. C. Olmsted.                               10.00\n    Frankfort. Cong. Ch.                                       2.39\n    Greenville. Cong. Ch.                                     35.77\n    Muskegon. Cong. Ch., $30; Woman\u2019s Miss\u2019y Soc.\n      $15.                                                    45.00\n    Northport. Cong. Ch.                                      11.62\n    White Cloud. Ladies\u2019 Miss\u2019y Soc.                           2.00\n\n\n  IOWA, $607.46.\n\n    Anamosa. Ladies\u2019 Freedman\u2019s Soc. of Cong. Ch.\n      _for Lady Miss\u2019y, New Orleans_.                         10.00\n    Boonesborough. Mrs. Anna M. Palmer.                       10.00\n    Decorah. Cong. Ch.                                        43.83\n    Denmark. Cong. Ch.                                        20.00\n    De Witt. Cong. Ch.                                        36.34\n    Dunlap. Cong. Ch.                                         28.00\n    Durant. \u201cFriends\u201d                                         14.00\n    Garden Prairie. Ladies of Cong. Ch., _for Lady\n      Missionary, New Orleans, La._                            3.00\n    Garwin. T. Dewey.                                          2.00\n    Green Mountain. Cong. Ch.                                  7.11\n    Green Mountain. Ladies of Cong. Ch., _for Lady\n      Missionary, New Orleans, La._                            1.25\n    Keokuk. Woman\u2019s Miss\u2019y Soc.                               18.20\n    Maquoketa. Cong. Ch.                                      18.16\n    McGregor. Woman\u2019s Miss\u2019y Soc.                              9.71\n    Meriden. Cong. Ch.                                         2.65\n    Newell. Cong. Ch.                                          4.00\n    Red Oak. Cong. Ch.                                        24.36\n    Waterloo. Ladies Miss\u2019y Soc. of Cong. Ch.                  4.85\n                                                            \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\n                                                            $257.46\n\n    LEGACY.\n\n    Tabor. Estate of Mrs. Abigail Cummings, by A.\n      C. Gaston                                              350.00\n                                                            \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\n                                                            $607.46\n\n\n  WISCONSIN, $271.35.\n\n    Brandon. Cong. Ch.                                        24.00\n    Brandon. Cong. Sab. Sch. _for Student Aid_.                6.00\n    Clinton. James H. Cooper.                                  5.00\n    Footville. Cong. Ch.                                       3.34\n    Oshkosh. First Cong. Ch.                                  75.00\n    Racine. Ladies at Convention, 14.51; Ladies of\n      Cong. Ch. 9, _for Lady Missionary,\n      Montgomery, Ala._                                       23.51\n    Ripon. Cong. Ch.                                          95.00\n    Rosendale. Ladies of Cong. Ch., _for Lady\n      Missionary, Montgomery, Ala._                            3.50\n    Shawano. \u201cFaith.\u201d                                          2.00\n    Waukesha. First Cong. Ch.                                 19.00\n    \u2014\u2014\u2014. \u201cA Friend,\u201d _for Student Aid, Atlanta U._            15.00\n\n\n  MINNESOTA, $116.72.\n\n    Brownton. Cong. Ch.                                        2.40\n    Cottage Grove. Cong. Ch.                                   5.00\n    Cottage Grove. Ladies\u2019 Missionary Soc. adl. to\n      const. REV. WM. E. ARCHIBALD L. M.                       3.50\n    Duluth. Cong. Ch.                                         19.40\n    Minneapolis. Plymouth Cong. Ch., 31.62; Second\n      Cong. Ch., 10; First Cong. Ch., 14.07.                  55.69\n    Owatonna. Woman\u2019s Missionary Soc., Box of\n      household goods, val., 27.72, _for Athens,\n      Ala._\n    Preston Lake. Cong. Ch.                                    0.95\n    Sleepy Eye. Cong. Ch.                                     11.40\n    Spring Valley. Cong. Ch.                                   6.90\n    Sumpter. Cong. Ch.                                         0.60\n    Waseca. Cong. Ch., 5.04; Ladies Miss\u2019y Soc. of\n      Cong. Ch., 5.84                                         10.88\n\n\n  KANSAS, $237.89.\n\n    Cawker. W. L. Barr, _for Parsonage, Topeka,\n      Kan._                                                    4.00\n    Great Bend. Cong. Ch.                                      4.62\n    Topeka. First Cong. Ch., 75; M. Pierce, 41.21;\n      H. G. Lyons, 30; A. B. Whiting, 25; A.\n      Clark, 5; D. H. Forbes, 5; Wm. H. Williams,\n      5; Topeka Lime Co., 3.06; _for Parsonage,\n      Topeka, Kan._                                          189.27\n    Topeka. Tuition                                           40.00\n\n\n  MISSOURI, $10.00.\n\n    Pierce City. Cong. Ch., 8.70; Incorrectly ack.\n      in Nov. number from Wis.\n    Kirskville. J. S. Blackman                                10.00\n\n\n  NEBRASKA, $64.70.\n\n    Fremont. Cong. Ch.                                        25.00\n    Lincoln. \u201cK. and C.\u201d                                       8.00\n    Sutton. German Cong. Ch.                                   3.00\n    Weeping Water. Cong. Ch.                                  28.70\n\n\n  COLORADO, $23.10.\n\n    Coal Creek. Union Cong. Ch.                               13.10\n    Crested Butte. Cong. Ch.                                  10.00\n\n\n  CALIFORNIA, $2,006.90.\n\n    San Francisco. The California Chinese Mission          1,906.90\n    Oakland. Mrs. N. Gray, _for School House,\n      Hillsboro, N.C._                                       100.00\n\n\n  OREGON, $5.00.\n\n    Eugene. Mrs. L. W. Judkins.                                5.00\n\n\n  DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, $30.00.\n\n    Washington. Gen. E. Whittlesey, $25; Mrs. A.\n      N. Bailey, $5                                           30.00\n\n\n  TENNESSEE, $12.00.\n\n    Knoxville. Second Cong. Ch.                               12.00\n\n\n  NORTH CAROLINA, $5.50.\n\n    Troy. Cong. Ch.                                            0.50\n    Wilmington. Cong. Ch.                                      5.00\n\n\n  SOUTH CAROLINA, $10.00.\n\n    Charleston. Plym. Cong. Ch.                               10.00\n\n\n  GEORGIA, $395.08.\n\n    Atlanta. Storrs Sch., Tuition, 297.50, Rent, 3           300.50\n    Atlanta. First Cong. Ch.                                  30.00\n    Macon. Cong. Ch.                                           4.58\n    McIntosh. The Sisters Benev. Soc. of Medway\n      Cong. Ch., by Mrs. Nancy Snelson. Pres.,\n      _for Mendi M._                                          10.00\n    Savannah. Cong. Ch., _for Student Aid, Atlanta\n      U._                                                     50.00\n\n\n  ALABAMA, $21.33.\n\n    Marion. Cong. Ch.                                          1.33\n    Montgomery. Cong. Ch.                                     10.00\n    Talladega. Cong. Ch.                                      10.00\n\n\n  FLORIDA, $230.00.\n\n    \u2014\u2014\u2014. \u201cA Friend in Florida\u201d                               230.00\n\n\n  MISSISSIPPI, $27.00.\n\n    Tougaloo. Tougaloo, Tuition, 2; Rent, 25                  27.00\n\n\n  TEXAS, $1.65.\n\n    Helena. Temperance Concert Cong Ch.                        1.65\n                                                         \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\n    Total for October.                                   $15,242.98\n                                                         ==========\n\n         *       *       *       *       *\n\n  ENDOWMENT FUND.\n\n    Boston, Mass. \u201cA Friend of the Colored Race\u201d\n      _for the Hastings Scholarship, to educate\n      Young men preparing for the Gospel Ministry,\n      Atlanta U._                                          1,000.00\n\n         *       *       *       *       *\n\n  RECEIPTS OF THE CALIFORNIA CHINESE MISSION, from May 24 to Sept.\n    26, 1883. E. Palache, Treasurer.\n\n    FROM AUXILIARY MISSIONS: Marysville, Chinese\n      Monthly Offerings, 31; Thirteen Annual\n      Members, 26.\u2014Oroville, Chinese Monthly\n      Offerings, 2.70; Seven Annual Members,\n      14.\u2014Petaluma, Anniversary Coll., 13.50;\n      Chinese Annual Members, 30; American Annual\n      Members, 4; Chinese Monthly Offerings,\n      13.25.\u2014Sacramento, Cong. Ch. Coll., 7.80;\n      Chinese Monthly Offerings, 21; Fourteen\n      Annual Members, 28; Chinese, 25, to const.\n      Mrs. S. E. CARRINGTON L. M.\u2014Santa Barbara,\n      Chinese Monthly Offerings, 22.70; Coll.,\n      31.80; Mrs. J. Bates, 4.\u2014Santa Cruz,\n      Anniversary Coll., 5; Annual Members, 58;\n      Chinese Monthly Offerings, 25; Mrs. H. A.\n      Martin, 1; \u2014\u2014\u2014, Stockton, Anniversary Coll.,\n      6.20; Eight Annual Members, 16; Levi\n      Langdon, 3                                            $388.95\n    FROM CHURCHES: Alameda, Cong. Ch.,\n      4.\u2014Berkeley, Cong. Ch., 21.25.\u2014Calaveras Co.\n      Churches, by Rev. A. Ostrom\u2014Angels. 95c.;\n      Copperopolis, 1.25; Camp Seco, 2.30;\n      Murphy\u2019s, 2.70; San Andreas, 95c.; Spring\n      Valley, 80c. \u2014\u2014\u2014 Farmdale, Cong. Ch., 7.50\n      \u2014\u2014\u2014 Lockeford, Cong. Ch. Rev. and Mrs. W. H.\n      Pascoe, 5.\u2014Los Angeles, Cong. Ch., 162.30;\n      Oakland, First Cong. Ch. 26.85; Twenty-three\n      Chinese, 25.30 to const. EDMUND R. SANFORD\n      L. M. Nine Annual Members, 18; Mrs. E.\n      Sanford, 5; Plymouth Av. Cong. Ch., 32;\n      Golden Gate Ch., 5.\u2014Rio Vista, First Cong.\n      Ch., 10.\u2014River Side, First Cong. Ch.,\n      5.20.\u2014Saratoga, First Cong. Ch., 10.\u2014San\n      Bernardino, Second Cong. Ch., 8.40.\u2014San\n      Francisco, First Cong. Ch., in part, 50.50;\n      Green St. Ch., 14; Bethany Ch., in part,\n      Chinese Monthly Offerings, Central Sch.,\n      38.30; Bethany Sch., 14; West Sch. 26.35;\n      North Sch., 4.30; Annual Members, 122; \u2014\u2014\u2014,\n      25, to const. REV. C. R. HAZEN, of Hong\n      Kong, L. M.; LOW QUONG, 25, to const.\n      himself L. M.; Dea. S. Woo, 5.50; Ny Bo\n      Hong, 5; Dea. Edmund Palache, 25, to const.\n      MISS HELEN W. POND L. M.; \u201cMany Friends,\u201d\n      34.50 to const. LEE SAM of South China, L.\n      M.; Annual Members, 50; Miss Chaloner,\n      5.\u2014San Jose, Cong. Ch., 20.75.\u2014Woodland,\n      Three Annual Members, 6                                825.95\n    FROM INDIVIDUAL DONORS: \u201cM. C. N.\u201d 30; Hon. F.\n      F. Low, 25; Taber, Harker & Co., 25; C.\n      Adolphe Low & Co., 25; Redington & Co., 25;\n      E. Ransome & Co., 25; Williams, Dimond &\n      Co., 25; Parrott & Co., 25; Eppinger & Co.,\n      25; T. H. Selby & Co., 25; James M. Harrn,\n      25; Wm. T. Coleman, 25; Cala, Furn. Mfg.\n      Co., 25; Liverpool, London & Globe Ins. Co.,\n      25; Imperial, London, Northern & Queens Ins.\n      Co., 25; \u201cCash, 405 Cala. St.,\u201d 25; Miss\n      Mary Perkins, 25, to const. MRS. S. C.\n      PERKINS L. M.; J. J. Vasconcellos, 10;\n      George C. Boardman, 10; Augustus C. Flint,\n      10; Israel W. Knox, 10; Rev. F. A. Field,\n      National City, 10; \u201cFriends,\u201d 40                       520.00\n    FROM EASTERN FRIENDS: \u201cFriends in North\n      Maine,\u201d 2.\u2014Amherst, Mass., Mrs. R. A.\n      Lester, 100.\u2014Stockbridge, Mass., Miss Alice\n      Byington, 50; Rev. F. B. Perkins,\n      10.\u2014Westfield, Mass., Misses Dickinson, 10             172.00\n                                                          \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\n      Total                                               $1,906.90\n                                                          =========\n\n                                   H. W. HUBBARD, Treasurer.\n                                              56 Reade Street, N.Y.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nCONSTITUTION.\n\n\nART. I. This society shall be called the American Missionary\nAssociation.\n\nART. II. The object of this Association shall be to conduct\nChristian missionary and educational operations and diffuse a\nknowledge of the Holy Scriptures in our own country and other\ncountries which are destitute of them, or which present open and\nurgent fields of effort.\n\nART. III. Members of evangelical churches may be constituted\nmembers of this Association for life by the payment of thirty\ndollars into its treasury, with the written declaration at the time\nor times of payment that the sum is to be applied to constitute a\ndesignated person a life member; and such membership shall begin\nsixty days after the payment shall have been completed. Other\npersons, by the payment of the same sum, may be made life members\nwithout the privilege of voting.\n\nEvery evangelical church which has within a year contributed to the\nfunds of the Association and every State Conference or Association\nof such churches may appoint two delegates to the Annual Meeting\nof the Association; such delegates, duly attested by credentials,\nshall be members of the Association for the year for which they\nwere thus appointed.\n\nART. IV. The Annual Meeting of the Association shall be held in\nthe month of October or November, at such time and place as may\nbe designated by the Association, or, in case of its failure to\nact, by the Executive Committee, by notice printed in the official\npublication of the Association for the preceding month.\n\nART. V. The officers of the Association shall be a President,\nfive Vice-Presidents, a Corresponding Secretary or Secretaries,\na Recording Secretary, a Treasurer, Auditors, and an Executive\nCommittee of fifteen members, all of whom shall be elected by\nballot.\n\nAt the first Annual Meeting after the adoption of this\nConstitution, five members of the Executive Committee shall be\nelected for the term of one year, five for two years and five for\nthree years, and at each subsequent Annual Meeting, five members\nshall be elected for the full term of three years, and such others\nas shall be required to fill vacancies.\n\nART. VI. To the Executive Committee shall belong the collecting\nand disbursing of funds, the appointing, counseling, sustaining\nand dismissing of missionaries and agents, and the selection of\nmissionary fields. They shall have authority to fill all vacancies\nin office occurring between the Annual Meetings; to apply to any\nLegislature for acts of incorporation, or conferring corporate\npowers; to make provision when necessary for disabled missionaries\nand for the widows and children of deceased missionaries, and in\ngeneral to transact all such business as usually appertains to the\nExecutive Committees of missionary and other benevolent societies.\nThe acts of the Committee shall be subject to the revision of the\nAnnual Meeting.\n\nFive members of the Committee constitute a quorum for transacting\nbusiness.\n\nART. VII. No person shall be made an officer of this Association\nwho is not a member of some evangelical church.\n\nART. VIII. Missionary bodies and churches or individuals may\nappoint and sustain missionaries of their own, through the agency\nof the Executive Committee, on terms mutually agreed upon.\n\nART. IX. No amendment shall be made to this Constitution except by\nthe vote of two-thirds of the members present at an Annual Meeting\nand voting, the amendment having been approved by the vote of a\nmajority at the previous Annual Meeting.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\n                 Our Little Ones and The Nursery.\n\n[Illustration]\n\nThe most beautiful Magazine in the World for the Youngest Readers.\n\n\n  The Literary and Artistic success of the Age!\n\n  Every Article written expressly for its pages!\n\n  Every Picture made expressly for this work, by the best Artists.\n\nThe most valuable Premiums! A Premium for every subscription and\nrenewal! Clubs with all Periodicals! Send Postal for our New\nPremium List!\n\n\nSend Postal for a Free Specimen.\n\nAll Newsdealers sell it. Agents wanted.\n\n  One Year, $1.50.      Single Copies, 15 cts.\n\nRussell Publishing Co., 36 Bromfield St., Boston, Mass.\n\n\n                 *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n                           TO INVESTORS.\n\n        $925 and accrued interest will buy a $1,000 6 per\n                   cent. gold coupon bond of the\n\n                EAST and WEST R. R. CO. OF ALABAMA\n\nThis is a strictly first class investment bond, secured by a first\nmortgage on an old road, fully built and equipped, that has always\npaid its interest, and earns a dividend on its stock besides. This\nbond will pay you =$30= every six months. No taxes, no trouble, and\na safe investment. For sale by the\n\nEAST AND WEST R. R. CO. OF ALA., 502 B\u2019way, or AMERICAN LOAN AND\nTRUST CO., 113 B\u2019way, N.Y.\n\n\n                 *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n                            SKIN HUMORS\n\n                          CAN BE CURED BY\n\n                       GLENN\u2019S SULPHUR SOAP.\n\n                                     SAN FRANCISCO, Feb. 16, 1883.\n\n_Mr. C. N. Crittenton_:\n\nDEAR SIR: I wish to call your attention to the good your Sulphur\nSoap has done me. For nearly fourteen years I have been troubled\nwith a skin humor resembling salt rheum. I have spent nearly a\nsmall fortune for doctors and medicine, but with only temporary\nrelief. I commenced using your \u201cGlenn\u2019s Sulphur Soap\u201d nearly two\nyears ago\u2014=used it in baths and as a toilet soap daily. My skin is\nnow as clear as an infant\u2019s, and no one would be able to tell that\nI ever had a skin complaint.= I would not be without the soap if it\ncost five times the amount. Yours respectfully,\n\n                                                     M. H. MORRIS.\n\n  LICK HOUSE, San Francisco, Cal.\n\n\nThe above testimonial is indisputable evidence that Glenn\u2019s Sulphur\nSoap will eliminate poisonous Skin Diseases WHEN ALL OTHER MEANS\nHAVE FAILED. To this fact thousands have testified; and that it\nwill banish lesser afflictions, such as common PIMPLES, ERUPTIONS\nand SORES, and keep the skin clear and beautiful, is absolutely\ncertain. For this reason ladies whose complexions have been\nimproved by the use of this soap NOW MAKE IT A CONSTANT TOILET\nAPPENDAGE. The genuine always bears the name of C. N. CRITTENTON,\n115 Fulton street, New York, sole proprietor. For sale by all\ndruggists or mailed to any address on receipt of 30 cents in\nstamps, or three cakes for 75 cents.\n\n\n                 *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n                           J. & R. LAMB,\n\n                        59 Carmine Street.\n\n                  Sixth Ave. cars pass the door.\n\n                          [Illustration]\n\n                   BANNERS IN SILK, NEW DESIGNS.\n\n                         CHURCH FURNITURE\n\n                    SEND FOR HAND BOOK BY MAIL.\n\n\n                 *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n                        PEARLS IN THE MOUTH\n\n                          [Illustration]\n\n                       Beauty and Fragrance\n\n                 Are communicated to the mouth by\n\n                             SOZODONT\n\nwhich renders the _teeth pearly white_, the gums rosy, and the\n_breath sweet_. By those who have used it, it is regarded as an\nindispensable adjunct of the toilet. It thoroughly _removes tartar_\nfrom the teeth, without injuring the enamel.\n\n                         SOLD BY DRUGGISTS\n\n                            EVERYWHERE.\n\n\n                 *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n                        FALL ISSUES, 1883.\n\n\n                            NEW BOOKS.\n\n\nAmong the Mongols.\n\nRev. James Gilmour. A fresh and most interesting account of the\nhome-life, manners, customs, beliefs and practices of this strange\npeople. Over 30 cuts and map. 12mo. 398 pp. $1.50.\n\n\nScottish Sketches.\n\nMrs. A. E. Barr. The tales are exceedingly interesting; and\nScottish scenes and traits of character combine to give a peculiar\ncharm to the volume. 12mo. 320 pp. 6 cuts. $1.25.\n\n\nDaisy Snowflake\u2019s Secret.\n\nMrs. G. S. Reaney. A grand temperance story for young ladies,\nshowing what they may do to close our homes against such secrets as\ntroubled Daisy Snowflake. 12mo. 296 pp. 6 cuts. $1.25.\n\n\nCluny Macpherson.\n\nMrs. A. E. Barr. A story for young people disclosing Scottish life\nin all its strength and depth, its romance, simplicity and beauty,\nwith its marked religious element. 12mo. 311 pp. $1.25.\n\n\nCentral Africa, Japan and Fiji.\n\nSketches of three of the most interesting mission fields of the\npresent day, showing what has been done, and what remains to do, in\nbringing them to Christ. 12mo. 296 pp. 60 cuts. $1.25.\n\n\nOur Brothers and Sons.\n\nMrs. G. S. Reaney. A book for young men, bringing out truths such\nas they need; written in a most attractive style. 12mo. 270 pp. $1.\n\n\nOur Daughters.\n\nMrs. G. S. Reaney. A book full of best suggestions for young\nladies, written by a warm-hearted Christian woman. 12mo. 250 pp. $1.\n\n\nWayside Springs.\n\nT. L. Cuyler, D.D. These sketches are refreshing as a spring of\ncold water to a traveler, and every one comes from a heavenly\nfountain. 16mo. 160 pp. Limp cloth, 50c.; gilt edge, with portrait,\n75c.\n\n\nMorning Thoughts.\n\nFOR OUR DAUGHTERS. Mrs. G. S. Reaney. A text of Scripture and short\ndevotional meditation for daily use. 16mo. 160 pp. Limp, 50c.;\ngilt, 75c.\n\n\nLittle Glory\u2019s Mission.\n\nAnd FOUND AT LAST. Two touching stories of life among the poor.\n16mo. 186 pp. 75c.\n\n\n                         NEW S. S. CARDS.\n\n  Bible Words.\n    144 cards, all different texts.                25 cts.\n\n  Faithful Sayings.\n    12 fine floral cards with selected texts.      25 cts.\n\n  Words of Faith.\n    12 floral cards, with different texts.         25 cts.\n\n  \u201cWhosoevers\u201d of the Bible.\n    12 most elegant rose cards, with 52 texts.     25 cts.\n\n  Sure Promises from God\u2019s Word.\n    72 cards, with different texts.                25 cts.\n\n  Words of Eternal Life.\n    12 floral cards, with 12 texts.                25 cts.\n\n  Gracious Invitations.\n    Floral cards, copyright designs, 12 cards.     25 cts.\n\n  Guiding Words.\n    Charming series of florals, 12 cards.          25 cts.\n\n  Living Words.\n    24 floral cards, with different texts.         25 cts.\n\n\n                          Popular Series.\n\nWe have just issued the following books, giving good reading at\na very low price. They are on good paper, well printed, strongly\nbound, with heavy paper covers.\n\n  Pilgrim\u2019s Progress.            20 cts.\n  Annals of the Poor.            20 cts.\n  Mirage of Life.                20 cts.\n  Little Meg\u2019s Children.         15 cts.\n  Alone in London.               15 cts.\n  Jessica\u2019s First Prayer.        10 cts.\n  Grandfather\u2019s Birthday.         5 cts.\n  Aunt Rose.                      5 cts.\n  Sargent\u2019s Temperance Tales.\n    12 books in box. $1.25. 10 cts. single.\n  Ministering Children.          50 cts.\n    RUTH AND LITTLE JANE.        10 cts.\n    SUNSHINE OF THE HEART.       10 cts.\n    HERBERT, TRUE CHARITY.       15 cts.\n    ROSE, THE LITTLE COMFORT.    15 cts.\n    SONGS FOR MY CHILDREN.       15 cts.\n    HOLIDAY PICTURES.            10 cts.\n\n\n                 *       *       *       *       *\n\n                      American Tract Society:\n\n  150 Nassau Street, New York; or\n  1512 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia;\n  153 Wabash Avenue, Chicago;\n  52 Bromfield Street, Boston;\n  75 State Street, Rochester;\n  757 Market Street, San Francisco.\n\n\n                 *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n             The World Electro Radiant Magic Lantern.\n\n             PATENTED. PERFECTION AT THE LOWEST PRICE.\n\n                                $25\n\n                              LANTERN\n\n                                FOR\n\n                               $12.\n\n[Illustration]\n\nThe body of the =ELECTRO RADIANT= is a cone-shaped reflector which\ngathers each divergent ray of light and concentrates them all on\nthe main reflector, whence the whole mass of brilliancy illuminates\nand projects the picture with startling clearness. No combination\nof lenses, however ingenious, has ever been known to produce equal\neffects with the light used. The cost of an outfit to enable you to\ndo =A PROFITABLE BUSINESS= is very small compared with the amount\nof money it takes to do any other business. Any one of ordinary\nintelligence can operate. =$10 to $50 per night may be earned= by\ngiving Parlor, Sunday-School, Academy, or Public entertainments.\n\n=As an Educator the Electro Radiant= surpasses almost every other\napparatus used in a school. The attention of the scholar is\nconcentrated on just the =one= illustration before him, and on no\nother, as in the dark nothing else can be seen and the mind of\nthe student is forcibly attracted. =Masonic= and other =Lodges or\nSocieties= will find the =Electro Radiant= a novel, useful, and\nprofitable addition to their paraphernalia in illustrating their\nritual or giving entertainments. =For public Entertainments= the\npossessor of an =Electro Radiant= has something that will \u201cdraw\u201d\nwith the combined power of the =Theatre=, the =Circus=, the\n=Prestidigitateur=, the =County Fair=, the =Temperance Crusade=,\nand the =Camp-Meeting=. A room that will hold 100 persons may be\nfilled nightly and a good profit be cleared. Our photograph slides\nrepresent faithfully Beautiful Works of Art, Scriptural Scenes,\nPortraits of Prominent Persons, and Comic subjects that are a\nnever-ending source of delight.\n\nEven if you only wanted to amuse your friends or family, see what\na cheap and beneficial entertainment you can furnish. You have\nonly to tack the sheet to the wall, darken the room, place Lantern\non stand, light lamp, and you are ready to begin the exhibition.\nThe Magic Lantern Show is different from every other; it attracts\nthe school-boy equally with his master; all kinds, classes, and\ndegrees of folks are delighted by it. =The Electro Radiant projects\nonto to the Screen a Picture Eight Feet in Diameter. Ten Thousand\nDollars= were paid for the =use of our Patent= by one Railroad\nCompany for =Locomotive Headlights=, it being considered the most\nwonderful light ever produced for the purpose. We have retained\nthe exclusive right to make =Magic Lanterns= on precisely the same\nprinciple, and the =Electro Radiant= is the result. The adjustment\nof Reflector, Lenses, Tubes, Slide Rest, and Cone are made with\nmathematical nicety. Optical laws governing such adjustments have\nbeen accurately calculated, so that you have in our Lanterns far\nmore than appears, and we are placing within the reach of all\nunsurpassed advantages for =Learning, Amusement, and Profit=.\n\nThe =Transparent Slides= for these Lanterns embrace views\nillustrating =wonderful Natural Scenes= from different parts\nof the world. The =Scriptures=\u2014Subjects from both the Old and\nNew Testaments. =Temperance=\u2014Showing the folly and misery of\nthe Drunkard. =Art=\u2014Copies of famous Statues, Bas-reliefs, and\nEngravings. =Miscellaneous=\u2014Such as Ships at Sea in a Storm,\nSteamboat Race, Fort Sumter, Daylight Scene, Moonlight, etc., etc.\n=History=\u2014Landing of Columbus, Declaration of Independence, Yankee\nDoodle, etc., etc. =Comic=\u2014Side Splitters without number, etc.,\netc. You can add to your assortment at any future time if you\nchoose.\n\nEach =Lantern= with slides complete is packed in a neat box which\nmay easily be carried in the hand.\n\n=PRICES.= The =Electro Radiant No. 2= (as shown in cut) with slides\nand fittings complete, will be sent by express on receipt of\n=$12.00=, or C. O. D. if =$3.00= on account is sent with the order,\nthe purchaser paying the balance, =$9.00=, at the express office.\n\nFull instructions and list of other views sent with each Lantern.\nSend money-order or registered letter.\n\n\nSend all orders to WORLD MANUFACTURING CO., 122 Nassau Street, New\nYork.\n\n\n                 *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n                      MASON & HAMLIN ORGANS.\n\n              A cable dispatch announces that at the\n\n                International Industrial Exhibition\n\n                 (1883) now in progress (1883) at\n\n                      AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS,\n\n                These Organs have been Awarded the\n\n                      GRAND DIPLOMA OF HONOR,\n\n   Being the VERY HIGHEST AWARD, ranking above the GOLD MEDAL,\n         and given only for EXCEPTIONAL SUPER-EXCELLENCE.\n\n THUS IS CONTINUED THE UNBROKEN SERIES OF TRIUMPHS OF THESE ORGANS\n\n           AT EVERY GREAT WORLD\u2019S INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION\n                        FOR SIXTEEN YEARS,\n\n No other American Organs having been found equal to them in any.\n\nTHE RECORD OF TRIUMPHS of MASON & HAMLIN ORGANS in such severe and\nprolonged comparisons by the BEST JUDGES OF SUCH INSTRUMENTS IN THE\nWORLD now stands: at\n\n  PARIS, |VIENNA, |SANTIAGO,|  PHILA., |PARIS, |MILAN,| AMSTERDAM,\n  1867   | 1873   | 1875    |  1876    | 1878  | 1881 |   1883\n  FRANCE.|AUSTRIA.| CHILI.  |U.S. AMER.|FRANCE.|ITALY.|NETHERLANDS.\n\nThe Testimony of Musicians is Equally Emphatic.\n\n\n[Illustration: THE NEW WORLD SAYS\n\n\u201cMUCH THE BEST MUSICIANS GENERALLY SO REGARD THEM\u201d THEO-THOMAS AND\nTHOUSANDS OF OTHERS.]\n\n[Illustration: THE OLD WORLD SAYS\n\n\u201cMATCHLESS\u201d \u201cUNRIVALED\u201d FRANZ LISZT AND HUNDREDS OF OTHERS.]\n\n\n              A NEW ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE FOR 1883-4\n\n(dated October, 1883) is now ready and will be sent free; including\nMANY NEW STYLES\u2014the best assortment and most attractive organs\nwe have ever offered. ONE HUNDRED STYLES are fully described and\nillustrated, adapted to all uses, in plain and elegant cases in\nnatural woods, and superbly decorated in gold, silver and colors.\nPrices, $22 for the smallest size, but having as much power as any\nsingle reed organ and the characteristic Mason & Hamlin excellence,\nup to $900 for the largest size. 50 styles between $100 and $200.\n_Sold also for easy payments._ Catalogues free.\n\n\n              THE MASON & HAMLIN ORGAN AND PIANO CO.,\n\n154 Tremont St., Boston; 46 East 14th Street (Union Square), New\nYork; 149 Wabash Avenue, Chicago.\n\n\n                 *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n                    7 PER CENT. to 8 PER CENT.\n\n                    Interest Net to Investors\n\n                    In First Mortgage Bonds ON\n\n                        IMPROVED FARMS in\n\n                         Iowa, Minnesota\n\n                            and Dakota,\n                            SECURED BY\n\n                        ORMSBY BROS. & CO.,\n\n                  BANKERS, LOAN AND LAND BROKERS,\n\n                         EMMETSBURG, IOWA.\n\n\n          _11 Years\u2019 Experience. Loans Absolutely Safe._\n\n        References and Circulars forwarded on Application.\n\n\n            _BRANCH BANKS AT MITCHELL AND HURON, D. T._\n\n\n                 *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n                             PAYSON\u2019S\n\n                          INDELIBLE INK,\n\n                  FOR MARKING ANY FABRIC WITH A\n                      COMMON PEN, WITHOUT A\n                           PREPARATION.\n\n\n          It still stands unrivaled after 50 years\u2019 test.\n\n\n                      THE SIMPLEST AND BEST.\n\nSales now greater than ever before.\n\nThis Ink received the Diploma and Medal at Centennial over all\nrivals.\n\nReport of Judges: \u201cFor simplicity of application and indelibility.\u201d\n\n\n                            INQUIRE FOR\n\n                      PAYSON\u2019S COMBINATION!!!\n\nSold by all Druggists, Stationers and News Agents, and by many\nFancy Goods and Furnishing Houses.\n\n\n                 *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n                     ESTABLISHED THIRTY YEARS.\n\n                      SMITH AMERICAN ORGANS\n                           ARE THE BEST.\n\n\n                 _Catalogues Free on Application._\n\nAddress the Company either at\n\n  BOSTON, MASS., 531 Tremont Street;\n  LONDON, ENG., 57 Holborn Viaduct;\n  KANSAS CITY, Mo., 817 Main Street;\n  ATLANTA, GA., 27 Whitehall Street;\n  Or, DEFIANCE, O.\n\n\n                         OVER 95,000 SOLD.\n\n\n                 *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n[Illustration: THE Rising sun STOVE POLISH]\n\n    For beauty of gloss, for saving of toil,\n    For freeness from dust and slowness to soil,\n    And also for cheapness \u2019tis yet unsurpassed,\n    And thousands of merchants are selling it fast.\n\n    Of all imitations \u2019tis well to beware;\n    The half risen sun every package should bear;\n    For this is the \u201ctrade mark\u201d the MORSE BROS. use,\n    And none are permitted the mark to abuse.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\n\n\nNOTES ON CHURCH WORSHIP.\n\n       *       *       *       *       *\n\n\nWhen the Hymn and Tune Book, \u201cSongs for the Sanctuary,\u201d had\noutgrown its freshness, Mr. Joseph P. Holbrook, the Musical Editor,\nset about preparing the _Worship in Song_, and after years of labor\noffered it for publication, and it now stands before the churches.\nBy common consent the general merit of the Songs for the Sanctuary\nwas in the musical editing, and it is safe to say that the mantle\nthat fell from that book dropped upon the shoulders of the Worship\nin Song. Holbrook\u2019s later and newer book contains the result of his\nlabor and experience through all these years, and his Worship in\nSong is clearly the greatest improvement that could be made.\n\nIn addition to the Hymns and Tunes, the book contains _Dr. R. S.\nStorrs\u2019 New Psalter_, which has recently been edited and enlarged\nby Dr. Storrs, and contains also a brief statement by him of the\nvalue of responsive reading in churches. The selections of Psalms\nand Scripture for responsive reading is by far the best that has\nyet been published for Congregational and Presbyterian purposes,\nand, as the old edition was widely used, so this will be the\nstandard and the best. The _Worship in Song with Psalter_, by\nStorrs and Holbrook, is a successful and popular combination.\n\nAnother Hymn and Tune Book of very great importance, on account\nof its giving standard classical music throughout, is Hall &\nLasar\u2019s _Evangelical Hymnal_. This book has already been adopted\nin Harvard College, Trinity College and other institutions, and is\nbeing favorably considered by many churches. It is a marked step\nin advance of all other Hymn and Tune Books, and is the recognized\nstandard of the Church Hymn-book of the near future.\n\nMessrs. A. S. Barnes & Co. have also recently published Prof.\nHopkins\u2019 \u201c_Liturgy_, or Book of Common Prayer for Non-Episcopal\nChurches.\u201d This _Liturgy_ is the result of many years of study,\nafter correspondence and comparison on the part of the author\nwith many leading Protestant clergymen. Upon publication it was\nreceived with great interest by clergymen of all denominations, and\na large sale immediately began. It is safe to say that no other\nbook presenting a Liturgy for Presbyterian and Congregational\nChurches was ever received with so great enthusiasm. The sale\nsteadily continues, and the interest awakened is sufficient to make\nit certain that the plan finds favor. Clergymen and Committees\ndesiring to see and examine copies of any or all of the above books\ncan obtain them on approval, postage prepaid, by addressing the\npublishers,\n\n\nA. S. BARNES & CO.,\n\n111 and 113 WILLIAM STREET, NEW YORK.\n\n\nATKIN & PROUT, Printers, 12 Barclay St., New York.\n\n\n\n\nTranscriber\u2019s Notes\n\n\nObvious printer\u2019s punctuation errors and omissions silently\ncorrected. Period spelling and inconsistent hyphenation retained.\nDitto marks replaced with the text the represent to facilitate\neBook text alignment.\n\nMissing \u201ct\u201d added in \u201cat\u201d on the inside cover (at the New York\nOffice)\n\nChanged \u201cBEQEATH\u201d to \u201cBEQUEATH\u201d on the inside cover (I BEQUEATH to\nmy executor).\n\nChanged \u201cconsultatation\u201d to \u201cconsultation\u201d on page 380 (without\nmutual consultation)\n\nMissing digits in the entries for South Amherst and Southampton on\npage 408 could not be determined.\n\nUnbalanced quotation marks on page 406 left in place as it is not\npossible to determine where they should be closed (It is on this\nthat the whole method)\n\nChanged \u201cFragance\u201d to \u201cFragrance\u201d on page 413 (Beauty and Fragrance)\n\nChanged \u201cAmother\u201d to \u201cAnother\u201d on the back cover (Another Hymn and\nTune Book)","title":"The American Missionary \u2014 Volume 37, No. 12, December, 1883","tradition":"scripture-revelation","translated_text":null,"word_count":42944}