{"collection":"Texts of Islam","full_text_available":false,"graph_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/v2/api/page/sacred_texts_v1_isl_isl_isl37_htm/graph","html_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/v2/page/sacred_texts_v1_isl_isl_isl37_htm","id":"sacred_texts_v1_isl_isl_isl37_htm","license":"unknown_pending_legal_review","rights_basis":"sacred_texts_v1_preview_gate_primary_text_only; acquisition-method/ToS and compilation-copyright questions still open, not resolved by this gate","source":"sacred_texts_v1","source_url":"https://unchartedknowledge.5gfusion.net/browse/isl/isl/isl37.htm","summary":"This is a short scholarly introduction paired with a translated primary source: an 8th-century Friday sermon (khu\u1e6dba) delivered by Ab\u016b \u1e24amza, a Kh\u0101rij\u012b rebel who briefly seized Mecca and Medina in 747 CE. The introduction surveys the Kh\u0101rij\u012b movement \u2014 an early and uncompromising Islamic faction that considered any Muslim who committed a major sin to be an apostate \u2014 focusing on the Ib\u0101\u1e0d\u012b sub-sect, the only branch to survive into the modern era, with communities in Algeria, Libya, Tunisia, Oman, and Zanzibar. The sermon itself is preserved in classical Arabic rhetorical collections as an exemplar of eloquence; Ab\u016b \u1e24amza uses it to indict both the Umayyad caliphs (condemned individually by name for debauchery, tyranny, and misappropriating public funds) and the Sh\u012b\u02bf\u012b factions (dismissed as Qur\u02be\u0101n-ignorant soothsayer-followers awaiting a returning im\u0101m). A distinctive and historically striking feature is the sermon's canonical review of Islamic succession: it praises Ab\u016b Bakr and \u02bfUmar, faults \u02bfUthm\u0101n and \u02bfAl\u012b as partial failures, and then unleashes sustained, sometimes scatological abuse on the Umayyads \u2014 making it a rare document in which Kh\u0101rij\u012b political theology is expressed in a preacher's own voice rather than through hostile sources. The text is of interest to readers in Islamic history, early Arabic rhetoric, and the history of Muslim sectarianism, offering both a scholarly frame and direct access to a moment of 8th-century religious polemic.","tags":[],"text":null,"title":"Islam: Chapter Six: The Dissidents of the Community: 1. The Kh\u0101rij\u012bs","tradition":"Texts of Islam","translated_text":null,"word_count":1905}