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Polyglot Bible: Philippians: Philippians 3

Book of ActsGreek New TestamentPolyglot Bible

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This is a parallel-text presentation of Philippians 3:1–21, displaying the same New Testament passage simultaneously in three versions: the Greek New Testament (GNT), the King James Version (KJV) with Strong's concordance numbers, and the Latin Vulgate. The passage is a letter excerpt in which the Apostle Paul argues that Jewish religious credentials — circumcision, tribal lineage, Pharisaic law-keeping, blameless conduct — are worthless compared to knowing Christ, which he describes using the striking Greek word σκύβαλα (dung/refuse). Paul's central theological claim is that righteousness comes not from law-observance but through faith in Christ, making him an early and forceful articulator of what Protestant theology would later call justification by faith. He contrasts himself with opponents he calls "enemies of the cross" whose god is their belly and whose minds are set on earthly things, while asserting that believers' true citizenship (πολίτευμα) is in heaven, awaiting a bodily transformation at Christ's return. The format — three ancient versions in columns — is a tool for textual or translation study rather than devotional reading, and the KJV column's embedded Strong's numbers make it particularly useful for word-level comparison between Greek and English.

Polyglot Bible: Philippians: Philippians 3

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