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Polyglot Bible: 1 Samuel: 1 Samuel 12

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This is a parallel biblical text presenting 1 Samuel 12 in three versions side by side: the King James Version (KJV) in English, the Septuagint (LXX) in ancient Greek, and the Tanakh (Hebrew Masoretic Text) with cantillation marks. The chapter records Samuel's farewell address to Israel upon the installation of Saul as king. Samuel's central argument is a covenant lawsuit: he first establishes his own integrity as judge by challenging anyone to name a wrong he has committed, then rehearses Israel's history of cyclical sin and divine rescue from Egypt through the period of the judges, to indict the people for demanding a king as a rejection of God's direct sovereignty. The text's distinctive theological claim is that monarchy itself, though now a reality God has permitted, represents Israel's moral failure — yet the situation remains redeemable if both people and king continue to follow God, while persistent disobedience will bring judgment on both. The parallel-column format is characteristic of academic or comparative biblical scholarship, allowing readers to examine textual variants between traditions, such as the Septuagint's reading of "Barak" (v. 11) where the Hebrew and KJV have "Bedan."

Polyglot Bible: 1 Samuel: 1 Samuel 12

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