Theory of the Earth, by James Hutton, [1788 and 1795]
Opinions examined with regard to Petrifaction, or Mineral Concretion. The ideas of naturalists with regard to petrifaction are so vague and indistinct, that no proper answer can be given to them. They in general suppose water to be the solvent of bodies, and the vehicle of petrifying substances; but they neither say whether water be an universal menstruum, nor do they show in what manner a solid body has been formed in the bowels of the…