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Hinduism

Sacred Books of the East Vol. 8: The Bhagavad-Gîtâ: Anugîtâ: Chapter XXVI

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The Mahabharata, Book 14: Aswamedha Parva: Anugita Parva: Section XLI Similar meaning (82%) SBE 48: The Vedanta-Sutras with commentary by Ramanuja, George Thibaut, tr.: First Pâda: 2. Brahman is that from which the origin of this world proceed Similar meaning (72%) SBE 48: The Vedanta-Sutras with commentary by Ramanuja, George Thibaut, tr.: Fourth Pâda: 15. From connexion Similar meaning (72%) SBE 48: The Vedanta-Sutras with commentary by Ramanuja, George Thibaut, tr.: Second Pâda: 36. The omnipresence possessed by that, understood from the declaration of extent Similar meaning (71%)
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This is a passage of Hindu philosophical scripture — likely from the Mahābhārata's Mokṣadharma section — presented alongside scholarly commentary footnotes from what appears to be a 19th-century academic translation. The text is a cosmological discourse attributed to Brahman, explaining the Sāṃkhya philosophical account of primordial creation. The core argument traces how Mahat (cosmic intellect, the first product of creation) gives rise to Ahaṃkāra (egoism or the ego-principle) — the moment the cosmos becomes self-aware as "I" — which then functions as the generative source of deities, mind, the senses, and the three worlds. Distinctively, the passage maps a tripartite nature onto Ahaṃkāra corresponding to the three guṇas (goodness, passion, darkness), each responsible for a different dimension of manifestation: divine beings and mind, activating energy, and the material world respectively. The footnotes, drawing on texts like the Sāṃkhya-kārikā and Sāṃkhya-sāra, show active scholarly debate over terminology (e.g., whether "khyāti" or "Brahman" is original) and interpretive nuance between commentators Arjuna Miśra and Nīlakaṇṭha. This would interest readers studying Sāṃkhya cosmology, the relationship between Vedāntic and Sāṃkhya metaphysics, or the textual history of the Mahābhārata's philosophical sections.

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