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A Manual of Hadith: Chapter XXVI: Gifts (Hibah and Waqf)

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This is a commentary and hadith collection on Islamic law governing gifts (hibah) and endowments (waqf), drawn from classical Islamic jurisprudence — specifically excerpts from Bukhari and other canonical hadith sources with explanatory notes. The work compiles prophetic traditions (hadith) organized thematically to establish legal rulings: gifts should be given freely regardless of recipient wealth, should not be taken back once given, and should be distributed equally among one's children to avoid injustice. A distinctive practical emphasis runs throughout: even small gifts between neighbors are encouraged, compensation for gifts received is recommended, and the exchange of gifts is explicitly framed as a remedy for social rancor. The text also addresses edge cases such as gifts to and from non-Muslims (permitted), gifts from one spouse to another (lawful), and the pre-Islamic life-estate practice of 'umra (restructured under Islamic law as an unconditional gift). The discussion of waqf — dedicating property as a permanent inalienable charitable endowment — is notable for grounding the institution in 'Umar ibn al-Khattab's land at Khaibar, and for explaining how this gave rise to family endowments (waqf 'ala-l-aulad) that protect assets from division among heirs while directing profits to children and charitable purposes.

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