The system of transliteration used in this volume for rendering Arabic and Persian words in Latin letters closely follows standard modern international practise. The sounds thus represented may be approximated as follows in standard English:
Vowels
Short "a": between the vowel sounds of "hat" and "fur."
Long "a": (ā): like the a in "hard."
Short "i": as in English "pit."
Long "i" (ī): like the vowel sound in "feet."
Short "u": as in "hook," or "put."
Long "u": (û): as in "clue," or the vowel…