| CAP | combat air patrol |
| CAPPS | Computer Assisted Passenger Prescreening System |
| CENTCOM | Central Command |
| CIA | Central Intelligence Agency |
| CONR | Continental U.S. NORAD Region |
| CSG | Counterterrorism Security Group |
| CTC | Counterterrorist Center |
| DIA | Defense Intelligence Agency |
| DCI | Director of Central Intelligence |
| ESU | Emergency Service Unit (NYPD) |
| FAA | Federal Aviation Administration |
| FBI | Federal Bureau of Investigation |
| FDNY | Fire Department of New York |
| FFTC | Florida Flight Training Center |
| FISA | Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act |
| FISC | Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court |
| INS | Immigration and Naturalization Service |
| ISID | Inter-Services Intelligence Directorate (Pakistan) |
| JCS | Joint Chiefs of Staff |
| JI | Jemaah Islamiah |
| JTTF | Joint Terrorism Task Force |
| KSM | Khalid Sheikh Mohammed |
| Legat | legal attaché |
| MAK | Mektab al Khidmat |
| MON | memorandum of notification |
| NEADS | Northeast Air Defense Sector |
| NCTC | National Counterterrorism Center |
| NGO | nongovernmental organization |
| NMCC | National Military Command Center |
| NORAD | North American Aerospace Defense Command |
| NTSB | National Transportation Safety Board |
| NSA | National Security Agency |
| NSC | National Security Council |
| NSPD | national security policy directive |
| NYPD | New York Police Department |
| OEM | Office of Emergency Management (New York City) |
| OFAC | Office of Foreign Assets Control |
| OIPR | Office of Intelligence Policy and Review |
| OMB | Office of Management and Budget |
| PAPD | Port Authority Police Department |
| PDD | presidential decision directive |
| PEOC | Presidential Emergency Operations Center |
| SEC | Securities and Exchange Commission |
| TSA | Transportation Security Administration |
| TTIC | Terrorist Threat Integration Center |
| UBL | Usama Bin Ladin |
| WMD | weapons of mass destruction |
| WTC | World Trade Center |
| WTO | World Trade Organization |
| Madeleine Albright | Secretary of State, 1997-2001 |
| Charles Allen | Assistant Director of Central Intelligence for Collection, 1998- |
| Richard Armitage | Deputy Secretary of State, 2001- |
| Larry Arnold | Commander, First Air Force and Commander of the Continental U.S. North American Aero space Defense Command (NORAD) Region, 1997-2002 |
| John Ashcroft | Attorney General, 2001- |
| Monte Belger | Acting Deputy Administrator, Federal Aviation Administration 1997-2002 |
| Samuel "Sandy" Berger | National Security Advisor, 1997-2001; Deputy National Security Advisor 1993-1997 |
| J. Cofer Black | Director, DCI Counterterrorist Center, 1999-2002 |
| Joshua Bolten | White House Deputy Chief of Staff, 2001-2003 |
| Robert "Bear" Bryant | Deputy Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation, 1997-1999 |
| George H.W. Bush | 41st President of the United States, 1989-1993; Vice President, 1981-1989 |
| George W. Bush | 43rd President of the United States, 2001- |
| Andrew Card, Jr. | White House Chief of Staff, 2001- |
| Richard B. Cheney | Vice President of the United States, 2001- |
| Richard Clarke | National Counterterrorism Coordinator, NSC, 1997-2001 |
| William J. Clinton | 42nd President of the United States, 1993-2001 |
| William Cohen | Secretary of Defense, 1997-2001 |
| Roger Cressey | NSC counterterrorism official, 1999-2001 |
| Ralph Eberhart | Commander in Chief, NORAD and U.S. Space Command, 2000- |
| Tommy Franks | Commander, U.S. Central Command (CENTCOM), 2001-2003 |
| Louis Freeh | Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation, 1993-2001 |
| Scott Fry | Director of Operations for the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1998-2000 |
| Jane Garvey | Administrator, Federal Aviation Administration, 1997-2002 |
| Newt Gingrich | Speaker of the House, 1995-1999 |
| Rudolph Giuliani | Mayor, City of New York, 1994-2001 |
| John Gordon | Deputy Director of Central Intelligence, 1997-2000 |
| Al Gore, Jr. | Vice President of the United States,1993-2001 |
| Scott Gration | Fry's Chief Information Operations Officer, 2000-2001 |
| Stephen Hadley | Deputy National Security Advisor, 2001- |
| Dennis Hastert | Speaker of the House, 1999- |
| Karl Inderfurth | Assistant Secretary of State for South Asia, 1997-2001 |
| Donald Kerrick | Deputy National Security Advisor, 2000-2001 |
| Zalmay Khalilzad | NSC Senior Director for Near East and South Asia and Special Envoy to Afghanistan, 2001-2003 |
| Anthony Lake | National Security Advisor, 1993-1997 |
| Trent Lott | Senate Majority Leader, 1996-2001 |
| Mary McCarthy | NSC senior director for intelligence, 1998-2001 |
| John McLaughlin | Deputy Director of Central Intelligence, 2000-2004 |
| William Milam | U.S.Ambassador to Pakistan, 1998-2001 |
| Norman Mineta | Secretary of Transportation, 2001- |
| Robert Mueller | Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2001- |
| Richard Myers | Chairman of the Joint Chiefs, September 2001- ; Joint Chiefs Vice Chairman, 2000-2001 |
| John O'Neill | FBI Special Agent in Charge for National Security, New York Field Office, 1997-2001; Chief of Security of the World Trade Center, killed on 9/11 |
| Paul O'Neill | Secretary of the Treasury, 2001-2002 |
| James Pavitt | Deputy Director of Operations, CIA, 1999-2004 |
| Thomas Pickard | Acting Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation, June 25, 2001-September 4, 2001 |
| Thomas Pickering | Under Secretary of State, 1997-2000 |
| Colin Powell | Secretary of State, 2001- |
| Ronald Reagan | 40th President of the United States, 1981-1989 |
| Janet Reno | Attorney General, 1993-2001 |
| Condoleezza Rice | National Security Advisor, 2001- |
| Bill Richardson | Ambassador to the United Nations, 1997-1998 |
| Thomas Ridge | First Secretary of Homeland Security, 2003- ; Homeland Security Advisor, 2001-2003 |
| Bruce Riedel | Senior Director for Near East and South Asia, NSC, 1997-2001 |
| Christina Rocca | Assistant Secretary of State for South Asia, 2001- |
| Michael Rolince | FBI Section Chief, International Terrorism Operations Section, 1998-2002 |
| Donald Rumsfeld | Secretary of Defense, 2001- |
| Peter Schoomaker | Commander, Special Operations Command, 1997-2000 |
| Gary Schroen | CIA Station Chief, Islamabad, 1996-1999 |
| Michael Sheehan | Counterterrorism Coordinator, U.S. Department of State, 1998-2000 |
| Hugh Shelton | Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1997-2001 |
| Walter Slocombe | Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, 1994-2001 |
| James Steinberg | Deputy National Security Advisor, 1996-2000 |
| Strobe Talbott | Deputy Secretary of State, 1994-2001 |
| George Tenet | Director of Central Intelligence, 1997-2004 |
| Larry Thompson | Deputy Attorney General, 2001-2003 |
| Dale Watson | Executive Assistant Director for Counterterrorism and Counterintelligence, FBI, 2001-2002 |
| Paul Wolfowitz | Deputy Secretary of Defense, 2001- |
| Anthony Zinni | Commander, U.S. Central Command (CENTCOM), 1997-2000 |
| Abdullah bin Abdul Aziz | Crown Prince and de facto regent of Saudi Arabia, 1995- |
| Mohdar Abdullah | Yemeni; student in San Diego who assisted two 9/11 hijackers |
| Sayf al Adl | Egyptian; high-ranking member of al Qaeda military committee |
| Mahmud Ahmed | Director General of Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence Directorate, 1999-2001 |
| Mohammed Farrah Aidid | Somali warlord who challenged U.S. presence in Somalia in the early 1990s (deceased) |
| Ali Abdul Aziz Ali | a.k.a.Ammar al Baluchi) Pakistani; KSM's nephew; financial and travel facilitator for 9/11 plot |
| Ahmad Khalil Ibrahim Samir al Ani | Iraqi intelligence officer who allegedly met with Atta in Prague, Czech Republic; currently in U.S. custody |
| Mohamed Atta | Egyptian; tactical leader of 9/11 plot; pilot/hijacker (AA 11) (deceased) |
| Mohammed Atef | (a.k.a.Abu Hafs al Masri) Egyptian; al Qaeda military commander (deceased) |
| Tawfiq bin Attash | (a.k.a. Khallad,Waleed bin Attash) Yemeni; senior al Qaeda operative connected to the U.S. embassy bombings, the USS Cole attack, and the 9/11 attacks; currently in U.S. custody |
| Anwar Aulaqi | U.S. citizen; Imam at Rabat mosque (San Diego, CA) and later at Dar al Hijra mosque (Falls Church,VA), who associated with two 9/11 hijackers |
| Abdullah Azzam | Palestinian; founder of the Maktab al Khidmat, which provided logistical support to mujahideen in Afghanistan (deceased) |
| Jamal al Badawi | Yemeni; co-conspirator arrested in Yemen for the USS Cole attack |
| Said Bahaji | German son of Moroccan immigrant; Hamburg cell associate |
| Saeed al Baluchi | Saudi; candidate 9/11 hijacker |
| Fayez Banihammad | Emirati; 9/11 hijacker (UA 175) (deceased) |
| Abu Ubaidah al Banshiri | Egyptian; al Qaeda military commander until 1996 (deceased) |
| Abu Bara al Yemeni | (a.k.a.Abu al Bara al Ta'izi, Suhail Shurabi, and Barakat) Yemeni; potential suicide bomber in original 9/11 plot |
| Ramzi Binalshibh | Yemeni; Hamburg cell member; coordinator for 9/11 plot; currently in U.S. custody |
| Omar Hassan Ahmed al Bashir | President of Sudan, 1989- |
| Abu Bakar Bashir | Indonesian; spiritual leader and founder of Jemaah Islamiya, al Qaeda-affiliated terrorist group in Southeast Asia |
| Omar al Bayoumi | Saudi; assisted two 9/11 hijackers in San Diego, CA |
| Khalil Deek | U.S. citizen; created electronic version of Encyclopedia of Jihad; believed to be involved in millennium plot to destroy tourist landmarks in Jordan |
| Caysan Bin Don | (a.k.a Isamu Dyson, a.k.a Clayton Morgan) U.S. citizen; met two 9/11 hijackers in Los Angeles and San Diego, CA |
| Zakariya Essabar | Moroccan; Hamburg cell associate |
| Jamal Ahmed Mohamed al Fadl | Sudanese; al Qaeda member who defected to the United States in 1996 |
| Ahmed al Ghamdi | Saudi; 9/11 hijacker (UA 175) (deceased) |
| Ali Abd al Rahman al Faqasi al Ghamdi | (a.k.a.Abu Bakr al Azdi) Saudi; candidate 9/11 hijacker; currently in U.S. custody |
| Hamza al Ghamdi | Saudi; 9/11 hijacker (UA 175) (deceased) |
| Saeed al Ghamdi | Saudi; 9/11 hijacker (UA 93) (deceased) |
| Saeed ("Jihad") al Ghamdi | Saudi; candidate 9/11 hijacker |
| Hassan Ghul | Pakistani; al Qaeda facilitator; currently in U.S. custody |
| Abu Hafs al Masri | see Mohammed Atef |
| Abu Hafs al Mauritani | Mauritanian; senior al Qaeda theologian |
| Wadi al Hage | U.S. citizen; al Qaeda operative; Bin Ladin's personal assistant; convicted in embassy bombings trial |
| Mushabib al Hamlan | Saudi; candidate 9/11 hijacker |
| Hani Hanjour | Saudi; 9/11 pilot/hijacker (AA 77) (deceased) |
| Mustafa al Hawsawi | Saudi; al Qaeda media committee member; financial and travel facilitator for 9/11 plot |
| Nawaf al Hazmi | Saudi; 9/11 hijacker (AA 77) (deceased) |
| Salem al Hazmi | Saudi; 9/11 hijacker (AA 77) (deceased) |
| Ahmad al Haznawi | Saudi; 9/11 hijacker (UA 93) (deceased) |
| Gulbuddin Hekmatyar | Afghani; founder and leader of the Hizb-e-Islami, a Taliban opposition group; Prime Minister of Afghanistan, 1993-1994; 1996 |
| Saddam Hussein | President of Iraq, 1979-2003 |
| Zein al Abideen Mohamed Hussein | (a.k.a. Abu Zubaydah) Palestinian; al Qaeda associate; currently in U.S. custody |
| Abu Hajer al Iraqi | see Mamdouh Mahmud Salim |
| Riduan Isamuddin | (a.k.a. Hambali) Indonesian; operational leader of Jemaah Islamiya; currently in U.S. custody |
| Ziad Jarrah | Lebanese; 9/11 pilot/hijacker (UA 93) (deceased) |
| Abderraouf Jdey | (a.k.a. Faruq al Tunisi) Tunisian/Canadian; candidate 9/11 hijacker |
| Mohamed al Kahtani | Saudi; candidate 9/11 hijacker; currently in U.S. custody |
| Mir Amal Kansi | Pakistani; extremist who killed two CIA employees at CIA headquarters in Virginia in 1993 (executed) |
| Hamid Karzai | Interim Leader and later President of Afghanistan, Dec. 2001- |
| Younis Khalis | Afghani; leader of Hizb-e-Islami; hosted UBL upon his return to Afghanistan in 1996 |
| Khallad | see Tawfiq bin Attash |
| Wali Khan Amin Shah | (a.k.a. Osama Asmurai) Turkmen; early associate of Usama Bin Ladin; convicted in Manila air (Bojinka) plot |
| Ibn al Khattab | Saudi; mujahid leader in Chechnya |
| L'Houssaine Kherchtou | (a.k.a. Joe the Moroccan,Abu Talal) Moroccan; former al Qaeda member who broke with Bin Ladin and became a U.S. government informant |
| Usama Bin Ladin | (UBL) Saudi; head of al Qaeda |
| Ibn al Shaykh al Libi | Libyan; head of jihadist training camp in Afghanistan |
| Ahmed al Nami | Saudi; 9/11 hijacker (UA 93) (deceased) |
| Sheikh Saeed al Masri | Egyptian; head of al Qaeda finance committee |
| Ahmed Shah Massoud | Leader of Afghanistan's Northern Alliance, a Taliban opposition group (assassinated Sept. 9, 2001) |
| Khalid al Mihdhar | Saudi; 9/11 hijacker (AA 77) (deceased) |
| Khalid Sheikh Mohammed | (KSM) (a.k.a. Mukhtar) Pakistani; mastermind of 9/11 attacks; currently in U.S. custody |
| Majed Moqed | Saudi; 9/11 hijacker (AA 77) (deceased) |
| Mounir el Motassadeq | Moroccan; Hamburg cell associate |
| Zacarias Moussaoui | French; arrested in the U.S. in connection with the 9/11 attacks |
| Hosni Mubarak | President of Egypt, 1981- |
| Pervez Musharraf | Leader of Pakistan, 1999- |
| Abdelghani Mzoudi | Moroccan; Hamburg cell associate |
| Qutaybah al Najdi | Saudi; candidate 9/11 hijacker |
| Abd al Rahim al Nashiri | (a.k.a. Mullah Bilal) Saudi; mastermind of USS Cole attack; currently in U.S. custody |
| Mullah Mohammed Omar | Leader of Afghanistan's Taliban, which ruled most of the country from 1996 to 2001 |
| Abdul Aziz al Omari | Saudi; 9/11 hijacker (AA 11) (deceased) |
| Muammar Qadhafi | Leader of Libya, 1970- |
| Fahd al Quso | Yemeni; al Qaeda co-conspirator arrested in Yemen for the USS Cole attack |
| Sayyid Qutb | Egyptian writer; member of Muslim Brotherhood (deceased) |
| Eyad al Rababah | Jordanian; Virginia resident who helped Hazmi and Hanjour |
| Abd al Rahim Ghulum Rabbani | (a.k.a.Abu Rahmah) Saudi; al Qaeda member who worked closely with KSM in Karachi and assisted many of the 9/11 hijackers |
| Sheikh Omar Abdel Rahman | (a.k.a. the Blind Sheikh) Egyptian cleric; convicted for crimes related to 1993 World Trade Center bombing and 1995 plots against other NY landmarks |
| Saud al Rashid | Saudi; candidate 9/11 hijacker |
| Ahmed Ressam | (a.k.a. Benni Antoine Noris) Algerian; convicted in millennium plot to bomb Los Angeles International Airport |
| Mamdouh Mahmud Salim | (a.k.a.Abu Hajer al Iraqi) Iraqi; chief procurement officer for al Qaeda in Sudan; arrested in connection with 1998 embassy bombings |
| Yazeed al Salmi | Saudi; briefly a housemate of a 9/11 hijacker in San Diego |
| Abdul Rasul Sayyaf | Afghani; head of the Hizbul-Ittihad El-Islami, and KSM's mentor |
| Aysel Senguen | German; fiancée of 9/11 hijacker Jarrah |
| Nawaz Sharif | Pakistani Prime Minister, 1990-1993, 1997-1999 |
| Marwan al Shehhi | Emirati; 9/11 pilot/hijacker (UA 175) (deceased) |
| Mohand al Shehri | Saudi; 9/11 hijacker (UA 175) (deceased) |
| Wail al Shehri | Saudi; 9/11 hijacker (AA 11) (deceased) |
| Waleed al Shehri | Saudi; 9/11 hijacker (AA 11) (deceased) |
| Mohamedou Ould Slahi | (a.k.a.Abu Musab) Mauritanian; recruited 9/11 hijackers in Germany |
| Yazid Sufaat | Malaysian; member of Jemaah Islamiya |
| Satam al Suqami | Saudi; 9/11 hijacker (AA 11) (deceased) |
| Madani al Tayyib | Saudi; former head of al Qaeda finance committee |
| Zuhair al Thubaiti | Saudi; candidate 9/11 hijacker |
| Fahad al Thumairy | Saudi; Imam of King Fahd mosque in Los Angeles; accredited diplomat at Saudi Consulate in Los Angeles |
| Hassan al Turabi | Sudan's longtime hard-line ideological leader and Speaker of the country's National Assembly during the 1990s |
| Prince Turki bin Faisal Ramzi Yousef | Saudi intelligence chief prior to 9/11 (a.k.a.Abdul Basit) Pakistani; convicted mastermind of and co-conspirator in 1993 WTC bombing and Manila air (Bojinka) plots |
| Khalid Saeed Ahmad al Zahrani | Saudi; candidate 9/11 hijacker |
| Mohammed Haydar Zammar | German citizen from Syria; jihadist; possible recruiter of Hamburg cell members |
| Ayman al Zawahiri | Egyptian; UBL's deputy and leader of Egyptian Islamic Jihad terrorist group |
| Hamdan Bin Zayid | Emirati; Minister of State for Foreign Affairs of the United Arab Emirates |
| Abu Zubaydah | see Zein al Abideen Mohamed Hussein |
The Commission held 12 public hearings during the course of its investigation, convening for a total of 19 days and receiving testimony from 160 witnesses. The following is a list of hearings and witnesses in order of their appearance. All witnesses appearing during the 2004 calendar year testified under oath.
The Honorable George Pataki, Governor, State of New York
The Honorable Michael R. Bloomberg, Mayor, City of New York
The Experience of the Attack
Harry Waizer, survivor, Cantor Fitzgerald, LP
David Lim, Police Department, Port Authority of New York and New Jersey
Lee Ielpi, Fire Department of New York (retired)
Lieutenant Colonel Brian Birdwell, United States Army
Craig Sincock, United States Army (retired)
Representatives of the Victims
Stephen Push, Families of September 11
Mary Fetchet,Voices of September 11
Mindy Kleinberg, September 11 Advocates
Allison Vadhan, Families of Flight 93
The Attackers, Intelligence, and Counterterrorism Policy
Daniel Byman, Georgetown University
Abraham D. Sofaer, Hoover Institution
Brian Jenkins, RAND Corporation
Magnus Ranstorp, University of St.Andrews
Borders, Money, and Transportation Security
Glenn Fine, Inspector General, U.S. Department of Justice
Lee Wolosky, Boies, Schiller & Flexner LLP
Gerald Dillingham, Director, Civil Aviation Issues, General Accounting Office
Law Enforcement, Domestic Intelligence, and Homeland Security
Michael Wermuth, RAND Corporation
Steven Brill,Author, After: How America Confronted the September 12 Era
Zoë Baird, Markle Foundation
Randy Larsen,ANSER Institute for Homeland Security
Immediate Response to the Attacks
Shawn Kelley,Assistant Chief,Arlington County Fire Department
William Baker,American Society of Civil Engineers
Ken Holden, Commissioner, New York City Department of Design and Construction
Congressional Oversight
Representative Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.)
Senator John McCain (R-Az.)
Senator Joseph Lieberman (D-Conn.)
Intelligence Oversight and the Joint Inquiry
Senator Bob Graham (D-Fla.)
Senator Richard Shelby (R-Ala.)
Representative Porter Goss (R-Fla.)
Representative Jane Harman (D-Calif.)
Affected Constituencies
Senator Charles Schumer (D-N.Y.)
Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton (D-N.Y.)
Senator Jon Corzine (D-N.J.)
Senator Frank Lautenberg (D-N.J.)
Representative Jerrold Nadler (D-N.Y.)
Representative Christopher Shays (R-Conn.)
State of the System: Civil Aviation Security on September 11
Jane Garvey, former Administrator, Federal Aviation Administration
Kenneth Mead, Inspector General, Department of Transportation
James May, Air Transport Association of America
Bogdan Dzakovic, Civil Aviation Security Inspector, Transportation Security Agency
September 11, 2001:The Attacks and the Response
The Honorable Norman Mineta, Secretary of Transportation
Major General Craig McKinley, Commander, 1st Air Force and the Continental United States NORAD Region (CONR)
Lieutenant General Mike Canavan (retired), former Associate Administrator for Civil Aviation Security, Federal Aviation Administrator
Reforming Civil Aviation Security: Next Steps
Stephen McHale, Deputy Administrator,Transportation Security Agency
Major General O.K. Steele (retired), former Associate Administrator for Civil Aviation Security, Federal Aviation Administration
Mary Schiavo, former Inspector General, Department of Transportation
Al Qaeda
Rohan Gunaratna, Institute for Defence and Strategic Studies
Mamoun Fandy, United States Institute of Peace
Marc Sageman, University of Pennsylvania
States and Terrorism
Laurie Mylroie,American Enterprise Institute
Judith Yaphe, National Defense University
Murhaf Jouejati, Middle East Institute and George Washington University
Mark Gasiorowski, Louisiana State University
The Challenge within the Muslim World
Rachel Bronson, Council on Foreign Relations
Steven Emerson,The Investigative Project
Gilles Kepel, Institute of Political Studies, Paris
Dennis Ross,Washington Institute for Near East Policy
Leadership of U.S. Intelligence
James R. Schlesinger, former Director of Central Intelligence and Secretary of Defense
John M. Deutch, former Director of Central Intelligence and Deputy Secretary of Defense
Intelligence and National Security Policy
James B. Steinberg,The Brookings Institution and former Deputy National Security Advisor
Warning of Transnational Threats
Richard Kerr, former Deputy Director of Central Intelligence
Mary O. McCarthy, former National Intelligence Officer for Warning, Central Intelligence Agency
John Gannon, Staff Director, House Select Committee on Homeland Security
Highlights of New Jersey's Public/Private Sector Partnerships
The Honorable James E. McGreevey, Governor, State of New Jersey
The Challenge of Private Sector Preparedness
John Degnan,The Chubb Corporation
Skyscraper Safety Issues from 9/11 Family Members
Monica Gabrielle, Skyscraper Safety Campaign Sally Regenhard, Skyscraper Safety Campaign
Public/Private Initiatives Since 9/11
Michael F. Byrne, Director, Office of National Capital Region Coordination, Department of Homeland Security
Dennis J. Reimer, Oklahoma National Memorial Institute for Prevention of Terrorism
Richard A.Andrews, National Center for Crisis and Continuity Coordination
Private Sector Experience on 9/11
William Y.Yun, Fiduciary Trust Company International
Standards for Emergency Management and Business Continuity
Glenn Corbett, John Jay College of Criminal Justice
Randall Yim, Director, National Preparedness Team, General Accounting Office
Future Strategies for Private Sector Preparedness
William G. Raisch, Greater New York Safety Council
Peter R. Orszag,The Brookings Institution
James Haviaris, Rockefeller Group Development Corporation
Thomas Susman, Ropes & Gray
Intelligence Collection within the United States
Larry D.Thompson, former Deputy Attorney General of the United States
Philip B. Heymann, former Deputy Attorney General of the United States
Stephen J. Schulhofer, New York University, School of Law
Protecting Privacy, Preventing Terrorism
Judith A. Miller, former General Counsel, Department of Defense
Stewart A. Baker, former General Counsel, National Security Agency
Marc Rotenberg, Electronic Privacy Information Center
Preventive Detention: Use of Immigration Laws and Enemy Combatant Designations to Combat Terrorism
Jan Ting,Temple University
Khaled Medhat Abou El Fadl, UCLA School of Law
David Martin, University of Virginia School of Law and former General Counsel, Immigration and Naturalization Service, Department of Justice
Government Organization and Domestic Intelligence
The Honorable William P. Barr, former Attorney General of the United States
John J. Hamre, former Deputy Secretary of Defense
John MacGaffin, former Associate Deputy Director for Operations, Central Intelligence Agency
The Border Security System Prior to September 11
Mary A. Ryan, former Assistant Secretary for Consular Affairs, Department of State
Doris Meissner, former Commissioner, Immigration and Naturalization Service, Department of Justice
An Incident in Florida
Jose E. Melendez-Perez, Inspector, Customs and Border Protection, Department of Homeland Security
Visas and Watchlisting Today
Maura Harty,Assistant Secretary for Consular Affairs, Department of State
Russell E.Travers, Deputy Director, Information Sharing and Knowledge Management Department,Terrorist Threat Integration Center, Central Intelligence Agency
Donna A. Bucella, Director,Terrorist Screening Center, Federal Bureau of Investigation
The Response to September 11 on the Borders
James Ziglar, former Commissioner, Immigration and Naturalization Service, Department of Justice
Robert C. Bonner, Commissioner, Customs and Border Protection, Department of Homeland Security
Peter F.Verga, Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Homeland Defense, Department of Defense
Aviation Security on 9/11:The Regulators
Jane F. Garvey, former Administrator, Federal Aviation Administration
Cathal L."Irish" Flynn, former Associate Administrator of Civil Aviation Security, Federal Aviation Administration
Claudio Manno,Assistant Administrator for Intelligence,Transportation Security Administration
Aviation Security on 9/11:The Airlines
Edmond L. Soliday, former Vice President of Safety, Quality Assurance, and Security, United Airlines
Andrew P. Studdert, former Chief Operating Officer, United Airlines
Gerard J.Arpey, Chief Executive Officer,American Airlines
Timothy J. Ahern,Vice President-DFW Hub, and former Vice President of Safety, Security, and Environmental, American Airlines
Acts of Courage in the Sky
Nydia Gonzalez, Manager, Southeast Reservations Center, American Airlines
Risk Management after September 11
James M. Loy, Deputy Secretary, Department of Homeland Security
Diplomacy
The Honorable Madeleine K.Albright, former Secretary of State
The Honorable Colin L. Powell, Secretary of State
The Military
The Honorable William S. Cohen, former Secretary of Defense
The Honorable Donald H. Rumsfeld, Secretary of Defense
Intelligence Policy
The Honorable George J.Tenet, Director of Central Intelligence
National Policy Coordination
The Honorable Samuel R. Berger, former Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs
Richard A. Clarke, former National Coordinator for Counterterrorism, National Security Council
Richard L. Armitage, Deputy Secretary of State
The Honorable Condoleezza Rice,Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs
Law Enforcement, Counterterrorism, and Intelligence Collection in the United States Prior to 9/11
The Honorable Louis J. Freeh, former Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation
The Honorable Janet Reno, former Attorney General of the United States
Threats and Responses in 2001
Thomas J. Pickard, former Acting Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Ambassador J. Cofer Black, former Director, Counterterrorism Center, Central Intelligence Agency
The Honorable John Ashcroft, Attorney General of the United States
The Performance of the Intelligence Community The Honorable George J.Tenet, Director of Central Intelligence
Preventing Future Attacks Inside the United States
John O. Brennan, Director, Terrorist Threat Integration Center, Central Intelligence Agency
Lieutenant General Patrick M. Hughes, Assistant Secretary for Information Analysis, Department of Homeland Security
John S. Pistole, Executive Assistant Director for Counterterrorism and Counterintelligence, Federal Bureau of Investigation
James L. Pavitt, Deputy Director of Operations, Central Intelligence Agency
FBI Leadership and Initiatives Post-9/11
The Honorable Robert S. Mueller III, Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Maureen Baginski, Executive Assistant Director for Intelligence, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Alan Reiss, former Director,World Trade Center, Port Authority of New York and New Jersey
Joseph Morris, former Chief, Port Authority of New York and New Jersey Police Department
Bernard B. Kerik, former Commissioner, New York Police Department
Thomas Von Essen, former Commissioner, Fire Department of New York
Richard Sheirer, former Director, NewYork City Office of Emergency Management
Raymond W. Kelly, Commissioner, New York Police Department
Nicholas Scoppetta, Commissioner, Fire Department of New York
Joseph F. Bruno, Director, New York City Office of Emergency Management
The Honorable Rudolph W. Giuliani, former Mayor, City of New York
Dennis Smith,Author, Report from Ground Zero
Jerome M. Hauer, former Commissioner, NewYork City Office of Emergency Management
Edward P. Plaugher, Chief, Arlington County Fire Department
The Honorable Michael R. Bloomberg, Mayor, City of New York
The Honorable Thomas J. Ridge, Secretary of Homeland Security
Al Qaeda
Mary Deborah Doran, Special Agent, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Patrick J. Fitzgerald, U.S.Attorney for the Northern District of Illinois CIA Officials
Outline of the 9/11 Plot
Jacqueline Maguire, Special Agent, Federal Bureau of Investigation
James N. Fitzgerald, Special Agent, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Adam B. Drucker, Supervisory Special Agent, Federal Bureau of Investigation CIA Officials
Military Response on 9/11
General Richard B. Myers, United States Air Force, Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff
Admiral (select) Charles Joseph Leidig, United States Navy, Deputy Director for Operations, National Military Command Center
General Ralph E. Eberhart, United States Air Force, Commander, North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) and United States Northern Command
Major General Larry Arnold, United States Air Force (retired), former Commander, Continental United States NORAD Region (CONR)
FAA Response on 9/11
Monte R. Belger, former Acting Deputy Administrator, Federal Aviation Administration
Jeff Griffith, former Deputy Director, Air Traffic Control, Federal Aviation Administration
John S.White, former Facility Manager, Air Traffic Control Systems Command Center, Federal Aviation Administration
Benedict Sliney, Operations Manager, New York Terminal Radar Approach Control, Federal Aviation Administration