1. Causing (bodily) pain to a Brâhmana;
2. Smelling at things which ought not to be smelt (such as excrements), or at spirituous liquor;
3. Dishonest dealing;
4. Sexual connection with cattle;
5. And (sexual connection) with a man (or unnatural intercourse with a woman):
6. Such are the crimes effecting loss of caste.
7. He who has knowingly committed one of the acts effecting loss of caste shall perform the Sântapana[1] penance; he who has done so unawares shall perform the Prâgâpatya[1] penance.